Carbonization furnace

Abstract

To provide a carbonization furnace capable of stably forming a flame by primary combustion of a carbonized material or a flame by combustion of combustible components generated from the carbonized material.SOLUTION: A carbonization furnace comprises a body portion 110 in which a combustion chamber C1 for storing and combusting a carbonized material W is formed, and an enclosing portion 120 surrounding the body portion 110, wherein a first flow path P1 is connected to a first inlet port 121 that takes in air from outside and a first outlet port 111 that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber C1, and the first outlet port 111 is disposed only above the first inlet port 121 and above the stored carbonized material W.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a carbonization furnace. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART A carbonization apparatus is known that produces biomass fuel by carbonizing woody biomass raw material (Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Utility Model Registration No. 3230754 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In a carbonization furnace, the material to be carbonized is subjected to heat in an oxygen-deficient state, and during this process, a flame is formed in the upper layer and / or above the material to be carbonized (primary combustion).Furthermore, above the flame formed by primary combustion, a flame is formed by the combustion of char (unburned carbon) generated from the material to be carbonized, as well as combustible components such as CO, H2, and CH4 (secondary combustion).

[0005] In order to achieve efficient and uniform carbonization, it is preferable to stably form a flame due to primary combustion or a flame due to secondary combustion.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of these circumstances, and aims to provide a carbonization furnace that can stably form a flame due to primary combustion of the material to be carbonized or a flame due to combustion of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the carbonization furnace of the present disclosure employs the following measures. A carbonization furnace according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a main body portion forming a combustion chamber inside which material to be carbonized is stored and burned, and an enclosing portion surrounding the main body portion, wherein a first flow path is formed between the main body portion and the enclosing portion, and the first flow path is connected to a first inlet port which takes in air from the outside and a first outlet port which supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber, and the first outlet port is positioned only above the first inlet port and above the material to be carbonized which is stored therein. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present disclosure, a flame resulting from primary combustion of a material to be carbonized or a flame resulting from combustion of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized can be stably formed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a side view of a vehicle and a carbonization furnace mounted on the vehicle. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a carbonization furnace according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a carbonization furnace according to Modification 1-1. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a carbonization furnace according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a vertical end view of a carbonization furnace according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a vertical end view of a carbonization furnace according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a carbonization furnace according to Modification 4-1. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a vertical end view of a carbonization furnace according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a side view of a carbonization furnace according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX shown in FIG. 9. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI shown in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 6 is a side view of a carbonization furnace and a vehicle according to Modification Example 6-1. [Figure 13] FIG. 6 is a side view of a carbonization furnace and a vehicle according to Modification Example 6-2. [Figure 14] FIG. 6 is a side view of a carbonization furnace and a vehicle according to Modification Example 6-3. [Figure 15] FIG. 6 is a rear view of the carbonization furnace and the vehicle according to Modification Example 6-4. [Figure 16] FIG. 6 is a rear view of the carbonization furnace and the vehicle according to Modification Example 6-5. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a side view of a carbonization furnace and a vehicle according to Modification Example 6-6. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a side view of a carbonization furnace and a vehicle according to Modification Example 6-6. [Figure 19] FIG. 12 is a side view of a carbonization furnace according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20] 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX-XX shown in FIG. [Figure 21] FIG. 7 is a side view of a carbonization furnace and a vehicle according to Modification Example 7-1. [Figure 22] FIG. 7 is a side view of a carbonization furnace and a vehicle according to Modification Example 7-2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] [First embodiment] Hereinafter, a carbonization furnace according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0011] The carbonization furnace 100 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is a facility for producing biochar or biofuel using a material to be carbonized W such as woody biomass as a raw material.

[0012] 1, the carbonization furnace 100 is a mobile type that can be loaded onto a vehicle 1 such as a truck. Therefore, the carbonization furnace 100 is provided with a connection part 10 that is used to limit relative movement between the carbonization furnace 1 and the vehicle 1 when the carbonization furnace 100 is loaded onto the vehicle 1.

[0013] The carbonization furnace 100 is a furnace in which the material to be carbonized W is heated and carbonized. As shown in FIG. 2, the carbonization furnace 100 includes a main body 110 and an enclosure 120 .

[0014] The main body 110 is a wall structure and / or a container in which a combustion chamber C1 is formed. In this embodiment, the main body 110 is a container with an open top. Note that the wall portion on the front side is not shown in Fig. 2 (the same applies to Figs. 3 and 4). The material to be carbonized W is stored in the combustion chamber C1. The stored material to be carbonized W is ignited by an ignition device (not shown), and a portion of the material to be carbonized W is burned, and the remainder is carbonized by pyrolysis due to dry distillation. At this time, a flame due to primary combustion is formed in the upper layer of the material to be carbonized W and / or above the material to be carbonized W. The combustion chamber C1 here does not mean a chamber in which only the combustion of the material to be carbonized W takes place (reactions other than combustion may also take place).

[0015] The enclosure 120 is a wall structure and / or a container that surrounds the main body 110. Note that the wall in the foreground is not shown in Fig. 2 (the same applies to Figs. 3 and 4).

[0016] A first flow path P1 is formed between the main body portion 110 and the surrounding portion 120. That is, the first flow path P1 is a flow path formed in a shape adjacent to the periphery of the main body portion 110, specifically, in a shape adjacent to the outer circumferential surface of the main body portion 110 and the inner circumferential surface of the surrounding portion 120.

[0017] The main body portion 110 is formed with a plurality of first outlet ports 111. The enclosure portion 120 is formed with a plurality of first inlet ports 121. The first flow path P1 is connected to the first outlet port 111 and the first inlet port 121. The first inlet port 121 is a port that takes in air from the outside of the first flow path P1 (the outside of the surrounding portion 120) into the first flow path P1. The first outlet port 111 is a port that supplies the taken-in air from the first flow path P1 to the combustion chamber C1.

[0018] The first outlet port 111 is positioned only above the first inlet port 121 and above the upper surface of the carbonized material W stored in the combustion chamber C1, and is not positioned below the upper surface of the carbonized material W stored in the combustion chamber C1.

[0019] When the material to be carbonized W is combusted in the combustion chamber C1, the air taken into the first flow path P1 is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized W. The heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized W is transmitted through the wall of the main body 110. Since the first outlet port 111 is located above the first inlet port 121, the air taken into the first flow path P1 is heated / heated, resulting in a density difference between the air and the outside air, and thus an air flow (upward air current) is formed from the first inlet port 121 toward the first outlet port 111. Then, the air heated while flowing through the first flow path P1 is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the first outlet port 111. Since the first outlet port 111 is disposed above the upper surface of the material W stored in the combustion chamber C1, the heated high-temperature air is supplied to a position at approximately the same height as the upper layer of the burning material W and / or the flame due to primary combustion formed above the material W. This allows the flame due to primary combustion to be formed stably. Furthermore, since the first outlet port 111 is positioned only above the upper surface of the carbonized material W stored in the combustion chamber C1, air is not supplied from the sides or below the carbonized material W, and the carbonized material W below the upper layer of the carbonized material W where the flame is formed receives heat from the flame in the upper layer in an oxygen-deficient state, and is carbonized by thermal decomposition due to dry distillation.

[0020] The carbonization furnace 100 according to this embodiment has the following advantages. The first flow path P1 is connected to a first inlet port 121 that takes in air from the outside and a first outlet port 111 that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber C1, and the first outlet port 111 is disposed only above the first inlet port 121 and above the upper surface of the stored material W to be carbonized, so that air can be taken in from the first inlet port 121 into the first flow path P1, heated by heat generated by combustion of the material W to be carbonized, and the heated air can be supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the first outlet port 111. This makes it possible to stably form a flame due to primary combustion of the material W with high-temperature air that has flowed through the first flow path P1 and is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the first outlet port 111.

[0021] <Variation 1-1> The shape and number of the first outlet ports 111 can be changed as appropriate according to the required amount of air. For example, the first outlet port 111 may be shaped like a slit that is long in the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. 3. This also applies to the following embodiments.

[0022] <Variation 1-2> The shape of the carbonization furnace 100 when viewed from above is not limited to a rectangle or a square as shown in Figures 2 and 3. For example, the shape of the carbonization furnace 100 may be another polygon, circle, ellipse, or the like.

[0023] [Second embodiment] A carbonization furnace according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals except for the hundreds digit, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 4, the main body portion 210 has a plurality of upper outlet ports 212 formed therein. The first flow path P1 is connected to the upper outlet port 212 as well as the first outlet port 211 and the first inlet port 221.

[0025] The upper outlet port 212 is a port that supplies the taken-in air from the first flow passage P1 to the combustion chamber C1. The upper outlet port 212 is disposed above the first outlet port 211 .

[0026] When the material to be carbonized W is combusted in the combustion chamber C1, the air taken into the first flow path P1 is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized W. The heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized W is transmitted through the wall of the main body 210. Since the first outlet port 211 and the upper outlet port 212 are disposed above the first inlet port 221, the air taken into the first flow path P1 is heated / heated, resulting in a density difference between the air and the outside air, and thus an air flow (upward air current) is formed from the first inlet port 221 toward the first outlet port 211 and the upper outlet port 212. Then, the air heated while flowing through the first flow path P1 is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the first outlet port 211 and the upper outlet port 212. Since the upper outlet port 212 is disposed above the first outlet port 211, the heated high-temperature air is supplied above the flame formed by the primary combustion. Above the flame formed by the primary combustion, a flame is formed by the combustion (secondary combustion) of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized W. In other words, the heated high-temperature air is also supplied at a height position similar to that of the flame by secondary combustion. This makes it possible to stably form not only the flame by primary combustion but also the flame by secondary combustion.

[0027] The carbonization furnace 200 according to this embodiment has the following advantages. The upper outlet port 212 is disposed higher than the first outlet port 211, and therefore air is taken in from the first inlet port 221 into the first flow path P1, the taken in air is heated by heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized W, and the heated air can be supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the upper outlet port 212. This makes it possible to stably form a flame by combustion (secondary combustion) of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized W using the high-temperature air that has flowed through the first flow path P1 and is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the upper outlet port 212.

[0028] If the combustible components contained in the combustion gases generated by primary combustion are released directly into the atmosphere, it will lead to energy loss (reduced carbonization efficiency).In addition, the combustible components include CH4, which has a higher global warming potential (GWP) than CO2 (25 times that of CO2), so if the combustible components are released directly into the atmosphere, it could lead to global warming. By stably forming a flame through secondary combustion, it is possible to prevent a decrease in carbonization efficiency, and also to properly burn CH4, which has a high global warming potential, thereby suppressing global warming.

[0029] [Third embodiment] Hereinafter, a carbonization furnace according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same components as those in the first or second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals except for the hundreds digit, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0030] 5, the main body 310 is a wall structure and / or a container in which a combustion chamber C1 is formed. In this embodiment, the main body 310 has a cylindrical shape with a central axis extending in the vertical direction. The enclosure 320 is a wall structure and / or a container that surrounds the main body 310. In this embodiment, the enclosure 320 has a cylindrical shape that shares a central axis with the main body 310.

[0031] The main body 310 has a top surface 313 formed thereon. The top surface 313 is a surface that covers the combustion chamber C1. The lower part of the top surface 313 is shaped like a truncated cone. Specifically, the lower part of the top surface 313 is shaped like a truncated cone such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the combustion chamber C1 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction gradually decreases from bottom to top. On the other hand, the upper part of the top surface 313 has a cylindrical shape. Specifically, it has a cylindrical shape that shares a central axis with the main body part 310. The lower part of chimney 340, which has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction, is connected to the cylindrical part of top surface 313. Therefore, the cylindrical part of top surface 313 also serves as a connection part with chimney 340.

[0032] The enclosure portion 320 has a top enclosure surface 323 formed thereon. The top surface surrounding surface 323 is a surface that covers the outside of the top surface 313 . Between the top surface 313 and the top surface surrounding surface 323, a flow path is formed as a first flow path P1.

[0033] An upper outlet port 312 is formed in the cylindrical portion of the top surface 313 (the portion connected to the chimney 340). However, the upper outlet port 312 may be formed in a truncated cone-shaped portion of the top surface 313 .

[0034] The carbonization furnace 300 according to this embodiment has the following advantages. The top surface 313 has a truncated cone shape in which the cross-sectional area of ​​the combustion chamber C1 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction gradually decreases from bottom to top, resulting in a structure that makes it easy to reflect the radiant heat generated by the combustion of the carbonized material W toward the carbonized material W. This allows the temperature of the combustion chamber C1 to be maintained at a higher temperature than in a carbonization furnace whose upper surface is open to the atmosphere. Therefore, the flames due to the primary combustion and the secondary combustion can be formed more stably. In addition, the pyrolysis process by dry distillation of the carbonized material W below can be carried out more efficiently (in a shorter time).

[0035] Furthermore, the chimney effect provided by providing the chimney 340 makes it easier for exhaust gas to be discharged from the combustion chamber C1 and also actively draws air in through the first inlet port 321, making it possible to form a stable flame.

[0036] <Variation 3-1> 5, an opening 317 may be provided that penetrates the top surface 313 of the main body 310 and the top surrounding surface 323 of the surrounding portion 320. The opening 317 may also be provided with an openable and closable lid (not shown). This allows the interior of the carbonization furnace 300 (the state of the material W to be carbonized in the combustion chamber C1) to be visually confirmed through the opening 317. Furthermore, an instrument for stirring the material W to be carbonized can be inserted into the opening 317, and the material W to be carbonized can be stirred to adjust the progress of carbonization. At least a part of the lid may be made of a transparent material (for example, glass), so that the state inside the carbonization furnace 300 can be checked without opening the lid.

[0037] <Variation 3-2> Top surface 313 and top surrounding surface 323 may be configured as a ceiling portion that can be separated from main body portion 310 and surrounding portion 320. The ceiling may also be split into two halves.

[0038] <Variation 3-3> The truncated cone shaped portion of the top surface 313 may be shaped like a truncated pyramid. In this case, the cylindrical portion of top surface 313 has a rectangular cylindrical shape corresponding to the truncated pyramid shape. Also, chimney 340 connected thereto also has a rectangular cylindrical shape corresponding to the rectangular cylindrical shape. Furthermore, top surface surrounding surface 323 covering the outside of top surface 313 also has a shape corresponding to the shape of top surface 313.

[0039] [Fourth embodiment] A carbonization furnace according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the same components as those in any of the first to third embodiments are given the same reference numerals except for the hundreds digit, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 6, the carbonization furnace 400 includes a horizontal duct 430 that forms a second flow path P2. The horizontal duct 430 is disposed in the first flow path P1, thereby forming a second flow path P2 within the first flow path P1, and the air flowing through the second flow path P2 is heated by the air flowing through the first flow path P1. The horizontal duct 430 also serves as a partition wall for forming the second flow path P2 within the first flow path P1.

[0041] A second outlet port 432 is formed in the main body portion 410. A second inlet port 431 is formed in the surrounding portion 420. The second flow path P2 is connected to the second outlet port 432 and the second inlet port 431. The second inlet port 431 is a port that takes in air into the second flow passage P2 from the outside of the second flow passage P2 (the outside of the surrounding portion 420). The second outlet port 432 is a port that supplies the taken-in air from the second flow passage P2 to the combustion chamber C1.

[0042] The second outlet port 432 is positioned only below the first outlet port 411 and above the upper surface of the carbonized material W stored in the combustion chamber C1, and is not positioned below the upper surface of the carbonized material W stored in the combustion chamber C1.

[0043] When the material to be carbonized W is combusted in the combustion chamber C1, the air taken into the second flow path P2 is heated by the heat of the air flowing through the first flow path P1. The heat of the air flowing through the first flow path P1 is transferred via the wall of the horizontal duct 430. Then, the air heated in the process of flowing through the second flow path P2 is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the second outlet port 432. Since the second outlet port 432 is disposed above the upper surface of the material W stored in the combustion chamber C1, the heated high-temperature air is supplied to a position at approximately the same height as the upper layer of the burning material W to be carbonized and / or the flame due to primary combustion formed above the material W to be carbonized. This allows the flame due to primary combustion to be formed stably. Furthermore, since the second outlet port 432 is positioned only above the upper surface of the carbonized material W stored in the combustion chamber C1, air is not supplied from the sides or below the carbonized material W, and the carbonized material W below the upper layer of the carbonized material W where the flame is formed receives heat from the flame in the upper layer in an oxygen-deficient state, and is carbonized by thermal decomposition due to dry distillation.

[0044] When the material to be carbonized W is combusted in the combustion chamber C1, the air taken into the first flow path P1 is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized W. Since the first outlet port 411 is disposed above the first inlet port 421, the air taken into the first flow path P1 is heated / heated, resulting in a density difference between the air and the outside air, and thus an air flow (upward air current) is formed from the first inlet port 421 toward the first outlet port 411. Then, the air heated in the process of flowing through the first flow path P1 is supplied from the first outlet port 411 to the combustion chamber C1. Since the first outlet port 411 is positioned higher than the second outlet port 432, the heated high-temperature air is supplied above the flame formed by the primary combustion. Above the flame formed by the primary combustion, a flame is formed by the combustion (secondary combustion) of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized W. In other words, the heated high-temperature air is supplied at a position at about the same height as the flame by secondary combustion. This allows the flame by secondary combustion to be stably formed.

[0045] The carbonization furnace 300 according to this embodiment has the following advantages. The second flow path P2 is connected to a second inlet port 431 that takes in air from the outside and a second outlet port 432 that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber C1. The second outlet port 432 is disposed only below the first outlet port 411 and above the upper surface of the stored material to be carbonized W, so that air can be taken in from the second inlet port 431 and supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the second outlet port 432. This allows the air that flows through the second flow path P2 and is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the second outlet port 432 to stably form a flame due to primary combustion of the material to be carbonized W. Furthermore, the air (heated air) that is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the first outlet port 411, which is disposed above the second outlet port 432, allows the flame to be stably formed due to combustion (secondary combustion) of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized W.

[0046] Furthermore, since the second flow path P2 is formed within the first flow path P1, the air flowing through the second flow path P2 can be heated by the heat of the air flowing through the first flow path P1. This makes it possible to form a flame due to the primary combustion of the material to be carbonized W more stably with the high-temperature air that has flowed through the second flow path P2 and is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the second outlet port 432.

[0047] <Variation 4-1> 7, the carbonization furnace 400 may include a first damper 491 that adjusts the flow rate of air flowing through the first flow path P1. This makes it possible to adjust the flow rate of air depending on the combustion state and / or dry distillation state of the material to be carbonized W, and to form a flame due to the primary combustion of the material to be carbonized W more stably. The opening degree of the first damper 491 may be adjusted by an information processing device (not shown) or may be adjusted manually.

[0048] An information processing device may be configured with, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and a computer-readable storage medium. A series of processes for implementing various functions is stored in a storage medium, for example, in the form of a program. The CPU reads the program into RAM and executes information processing and arithmetic operations to implement various functions. The program may be pre-installed in a ROM or other storage medium, provided in a state stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or distributed via wired or wireless communication means. Examples of computer-readable storage media include magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, and semiconductor memories.

[0049] <Variation 4-2> 7, the carbonization furnace 400 may include a second damper 492 that adjusts the flow rate of air flowing through the second flow path P2. This makes it possible to adjust the flow rate of air depending on the combustion state and / or dry distillation state of the material to be carbonized W, and to more stably form a flame due to secondary combustion of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized W. The opening degree of the second damper 492 may be adjusted by an information processing device (not shown) or may be adjusted manually.

[0050] [Fifth embodiment] Hereinafter, a carbonization furnace according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same components as those in any of the first to fourth embodiments are assigned the same reference numerals except for the hundreds digit, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 8, the carbonization furnace 500 includes a central duct 550 and a lower duct 560 that form a third flow path P3.

[0052] The central duct 550 is a duct that extends in the vertical direction and is disposed horizontally near the center of the combustion chamber C1 inside the main body 510. Therefore, when the material to be carbonized W is stored therein, the central duct 550 is surrounded by the material to be carbonized W.

[0053] A lower duct 560 is connected to the lower end of the central duct 550 . The lower duct 560 is a duct that extends horizontally, and is disposed below the main body portion 510 and the surrounding portion 520 .

[0054] The central duct 550 is formed with a third outlet port 551. The lower duct 560 is formed with a third inlet port 561. The third flow path P3 is connected to the third inlet port 561 and the third outlet port 551. The third inlet port 561 is a port that takes in air from the outside of the third flow passage P3 (the outside of the main body portion 510 and the surrounding portion 520) into the third flow passage P3. The third outlet port 551 is a port that supplies the taken-in air from the third flow passage P3 to the combustion chamber C1.

[0055] The third outlet port 551 is also an opening formed at the upper end of the central duct 550, and is disposed above the upper surface of the material to be carbonized W stored in the combustion chamber C1.

[0056] When the material to be carbonized W is burned in the combustion chamber C1, exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 540, and at the same time, a flow of exhaust gas (updraft) is formed from the combustion chamber C1 toward the chimney 540. Then, air is drawn in from the third inlet port 561 due to the chimney effect, and the drawn air flows through the third flow path P3 and is supplied to the combustion chamber C1 from the third outlet port 551. Since the third outlet port 551 is positioned above the upper surface of the carbonized material W stored in the combustion chamber C1, and the central duct 550 is located near the center of the main body 510 (combustion chamber C1), the heated high-temperature air is supplied to the upper layer of the burning carbonized material W and / or near the center of the flame formed by primary combustion above the carbonized material W.

[0057] The carbonization furnace 500 according to this embodiment has the following advantages. The third flow path P3 is connected to a third inlet port 561 that takes in air from the outside and a third outlet port 551 that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber C1, and the third outlet port 551 is disposed near the center of the combustion chamber C1 in the horizontal direction and above the stored material to be carbonized W, so that air can be supplied near the center of the combustion chamber C1, where oxygen is likely to be insufficient in the primary combustion. This allows a stable flame to be formed by the primary combustion.

[0058] <Variation 5-1> 8, the carbonization furnace 500 may include a third damper 593 that adjusts the flow rate of air flowing through the third flow path P3. This makes it possible to adjust the flow rate of air depending on the combustion state and / or dry distillation state of the material to be carbonized W, and to form a flame due to the primary combustion of the material to be carbonized W more stably. The opening degree of the third damper 593 may be adjusted by an information processing device (not shown) or may be adjusted manually.

[0059] [Sixth embodiment] A carbonization furnace according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the same configurations as any of the first to fifth embodiments are assigned the same reference numerals in the tens digits except for the hundreds digit, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. However, this does not apply to the reference numerals in the tens digits "5" and "6".

[0060] 9, 10, and 11, the enclosure 620 is a wall structure and / or a container with a closed top, while the main body 610 disposed inside the enclosure 620 is a wall structure and / or a container with an open top. As a result, a first exhaust flow path Pe1 is formed between the main body portion 610 and the surrounding portion 620 of the carbonization furnace 600, and the first exhaust flow path Pe1 has a first exhaust inlet port 614 located at the top of the combustion chamber C1.

[0061] The first exhaust inlet port 614 is a port through which exhaust gas from the combustion chamber C1 is taken into the first exhaust flow path Pe1. The first exhaust flow path Pe1 is formed along the side and bottom surfaces of the main body 610. In other words, the side and bottom surfaces of the main body 610 are covered by the first exhaust flow path Pe1.

[0062] The first exhaust flow path Pe1 further includes a first exhaust outlet port 615. The first exhaust outlet port 615 is a port that discharges the exhaust gas taken into the first exhaust flow path Pe1 to the outside (outside the main body portion 610 and the surrounding portion 620). The first exhaust outlet port 615 is disposed at the bottom of the enclosure 620 and is connected to the second exhaust flow path Pe2 formed by the chimney 640.

[0063] The chimney 640 extends vertically and is located adjacent to the main body portion 610 and / or the enclosure portion 620 . The chimney 640 has a second exhaust outlet port 642 at its upper end and a second exhaust inlet port 641 at its lower end. The second exhaust outlet port 642 and the second exhaust inlet port 641 are connected to the second exhaust flow path Pe2. The second exhaust inlet port 641 is also connected to the first exhaust outlet port 615. In other words, the first exhaust flow path Pe1 is connected to the second exhaust flow path Pe2.

[0064] 9 and 10, the first flow path P1 is surrounded by a vertical duct 645 provided between the main body portion 610 and the surrounding portion 620. The vertical duct 645 also serves as a partition wall for forming the first flow path P1 within the first exhaust flow path Pe1. 10 , one wall constituting the vertical duct 645 may be shared with a part of the wall of the main body 610 and / or the surrounding part 620. For example, as shown in FIG. 10 , one wall constituting the vertical duct 645 may be shared with a part of the wall of the main body 610, and another wall of the vertical duct 645 facing the one wall may be shared with a part of the wall of the surrounding part 620.

[0065] A horizontal duct 630 is provided in the first flow path P1 surrounded by the vertical duct 645. The horizontal duct 630 forms the second flow path P2, as in the other embodiments.

[0066] 9, the vertical ducts 645 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. In other words, a plurality of first flow paths P1 are formed at intervals in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a first exhaust flow path Pe1 is arranged between adjacent first flow paths P1.

[0067] The carbonization furnace 600 according to this embodiment has the following advantages. The first exhaust flow path Pe1 is connected to a first exhaust inlet port 614 that takes in exhaust gas from the combustion chamber C1 and a first exhaust outlet port 615 that discharges the taken-in exhaust gas to the outside, and the first exhaust inlet port 614 is positioned higher than the first exhaust outlet port 615, so that high-temperature exhaust gas can be taken in from the first exhaust inlet port 614 into the first exhaust flow path Pe1, and the taken-in exhaust gas can be discharged from the first exhaust outlet port 615 to the chimney 640 via the first exhaust flow path Pe1 formed around the main body portion 610. This causes high-temperature exhaust gas to flow through the first exhaust flow path Pe1 formed around the main body portion 610, making it easier for the temperature of the combustion chamber C1 to rise.

[0068] Furthermore, since the multiple first flow paths P1 are formed at intervals in the horizontal direction and the first exhaust flow paths Pe1 are arranged between the first flow paths P1, the exhaust gas flowing through the first exhaust flow paths Pe1 can heat the air flowing through the first flow paths P1. This makes it possible to more stably form a flame due to primary combustion of the material to be carbonized W using the air (heated air) that has flowed through the first flow path P1 and is supplied to the combustion chamber from the first outlet port 611.

[0069] In addition, the second exhaust flow path Pe2 is connected to a second exhaust inlet port 641 connected to the first exhaust outlet port 615 and a second exhaust outlet port 642 that discharges the taken-in exhaust to the outside, and since the second exhaust outlet port 642 is positioned above the second exhaust inlet port 641, the chimney effect makes it easier for high-temperature exhaust gas to be discharged to the outside.

[0070] <Variation 6-1> As shown in FIG. 12, the material to be carbonized W to be fed into the carbonization furnace 600 is stored in a raw material container 651 installed outside the carbonization furnace 600. The material to be carbonized W stored in the raw material container 651 is fed into the carbonization furnace 600 by a supply device 660 . The supply device 660 includes a suction section 661 , a suction duct 662 , and a supply duct 663 . The suction unit 661 is a device that sucks in gas. The suction section 661 is connected to a suction duct 662 and a supply duct 663, and the material to be carbonized W stored in the raw material container 651 is transported by the airflow generated by the suction section 661 and supplied to the combustion chamber C1 via the suction duct 662, the suction section 661, and the supply duct 663.

[0071] <Variation 6-2> As shown in FIG. 13, a supply device 660 may be provided with a distributor 664 at the end of a supply duct 663 . The distributor 664 is provided on the upper part of the main body portion 610 and the enclosure portion 620 . A plurality of chambers are formed inside the distributor 664. The chambers are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction (for example, the left-right direction and / or the depth direction in FIG. 13). The distributor 664 is configured so that the material W to be carbonized supplied from the supply duct 663 is evenly distributed to each chamber. By introducing the material W to be carbonized into the combustion chamber C1 from each chamber, it is possible to prevent the material W from being introduced into a predetermined location of the combustion chamber C1 in a concentrated manner.

[0072] <Variation 6-3> 14, the carbonization furnace 600 includes a tray 670 for storing the material to be carbonized W. Inside the main body 210, a slide rail (slide mechanism) 680 extending in the horizontal direction is installed. The tray 670 is configured to slide along the direction in which the slide rail 680 extends while being supported by the slide rail 680 . The slide rails 680 are installed across the inside and outside of the combustion chamber C1 at least when the tray 670 is carried into the main body 210 or carried out to the outside of the main body 210. The slide rail 680 may have, for example, a structure that allows it to extend and retract within a predetermined range, or a structure that allows an extension rail of a predetermined length to be attached and detached.

[0073] According to this modification, the tray 670 and the slide rails 680 are provided, so that the material to be carbonized W can be easily carried in and the carbonized material can be easily carried out. Also, the material to be carbonized W can be carbonized in batch processing for each tray 670.

[0074] <Variation 6-4> As shown in FIG. 15, a carbonized material container 652 for storing carbonized material obtained by carbonizing the material W to be carbonized is installed outside the carbonization furnace 600. The slide rails 680 extend to above the carbide container 652 at least when the tray 670 is carried out to the outside of the main body 210. Therefore, the tray 670 can be slid and moved to above the carbide container 652. A bottom surface 671 of the tray 670 is configured to be openable and closable. Therefore, by opening the bottom surface 671 when the tray 670 is positioned above the carbide container 652, the carbide stored in the tray 670 can be easily transferred to the carbide container 652.

[0075] <Variation 6-5> As shown in FIG. 16, a carbonized material container 652 for storing carbonized material obtained by carbonizing the material W to be carbonized is installed outside the carbonization furnace 600. The slide rail 680 has a slide surface 681 formed on the top surface and a slide groove 682 formed inside. On the side of the tray 670, wheels 672 that run on the slide surface 681 and pins 673 that slide while being held in the slide groove 682 are provided. The slide rails 680 extend to at least the vicinity above the carbide container 652 when the tray 670 is carried out of the main body 210. Therefore, the tray 670 can be slid and moved to the vicinity above the carbide container 652. When the tray 670 is positioned near the top of the carbide container 652, the tray 670 can be rotated around the pin 673, thereby easily transferring the carbide stored in the tray 670 to the carbide container 652. By providing the pin 673 near the center of gravity of the tray 670, the tray 670 can be easily rotated.

[0076] <Variation 6-6> As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the supply device 660 includes a suction part 661 , a suction duct 662 , a raw material input part 665 , and an open valve 666 . Inside the raw material input section 665, a raw material input chamber 665a is formed. The raw material input section 665 is connected to a suction duct 662 and a suction section 661, and the material to be carbonized W stored in the raw material container 651 is transported by the airflow generated by the suction section 661 and transported to the raw material input chamber 665a via the suction duct 662. In order to prevent the material to be carbonized W from being transported to the suction part 661, a mesh 665b is installed inside the raw material charging part 665 to separate the chamber connected to the suction part 661 from the raw material charging chamber 665a. The bottom surface 665c of the raw material charging section 665 is configured to be openable and closable. In addition, a release valve 666 for releasing the negative pressure in the system is provided in the piping connecting the suction section 661 and the raw material charging section 665. As a result, when a certain amount of the material to be carbonized W is stored in the raw material charging chamber 665a, by opening the release valve 666 and opening the bottom surface 665c, it is possible to charge a large amount of the material to be carbonized W into the combustion chamber C1 at once at any timing. In addition, by keeping the bottom surface 665c closed when the material to be carbonized W is not being charged, it is possible to reduce the effect of the airflow transporting the material to be carbonized W on the gas (air, exhaust gas, etc.) in the combustion chamber C1 and the flame of primary combustion. The negative pressure in the system can also be released by stopping the suction unit 661, so the release valve 666 may be omitted.

[0077] [Seventh embodiment] A carbonization furnace according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the same components as those in any of the first to sixth embodiments are given the same reference numerals except for the hundreds digit, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0078] As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the main body 710 forms a carbonization promotion chamber C2 in addition to a combustion chamber C1. The carbonization promotion chamber C2 is a chamber adjacent to the combustion chamber C1 and communicates with the combustion chamber C1, so that part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber C1 is introduced into the carbonization promotion chamber C2. The carbonization promotion chamber C2 is loaded with the carbonized material W from the combustion chamber C1, after the combustion of the upper layer of the carbonized material W has been completed and the lower layer is still lit. The loaded carbonized material W is placed in the carbonization promotion chamber C2 until carbonization is completed. Since the carbonization promotion chamber C2 is not a chamber intended for primary or secondary combustion of the material to be carbonized W, the main body 710 forming the carbonization promotion chamber C2 does not have a first outlet port 711 or a second outlet port 732. In addition, the surrounding portion 720 surrounding the main body 710 forming the carbonization promotion chamber C2 may be omitted.

[0079] 19, the combustion chamber C1 and the carbonization acceleration chamber C2 may be separated by a partition wall 716. By providing the partition wall 716, it is possible to adjust the amount and flow direction of the exhaust gas flowing from the combustion chamber C1 into the carbonization acceleration chamber C2.

[0080] 19 and 20, an opening 717 may be provided penetrating the side wall of the main body 710. An openable / closable lid (not shown) may be provided at the opening 717. This allows the interior of the carbonization furnace 700 (the state of the material W to be carbonized in the carbonization promotion chamber C2) to be viewed, or an instrument for stirring the material W to be carbonized to be inserted. At least a part of the lid may be made of a transparent material (for example, glass), so that the state inside the carbonization furnace 700 can be checked without opening the lid.

[0081] 20, the top surface 713 of the main body 710 and the top surrounding surface 723 of the surrounding portion 720 are inclined so as to become lower toward the front (the side where the carbonization promotion chamber C2 is located). The first outlet port 711 and the second outlet port 732 are arranged at lower positions as they are closer to the front. This is a form that takes into consideration the gradual decrease in volume of the material to be carbonized W as combustion and carbonization progress (the volume of the material to be carbonized W becomes smaller toward the front).

[0082] The carbonization furnace 700 includes a tray 770 on which the material to be carbonized W is stored. A roller conveyor (slide mechanism) 781 extending horizontally is installed inside the main body 210. Note that a mechanism other than the roller conveyor 781 may be used as the slide mechanism. The tray 770 is transported from the rear to the front by this roller conveyor 781. It is preferable that the trays 770 are transported intermittently (repeatedly moving forward and stopping at predetermined time intervals), thereby making it possible to carbonize the materials W in batch processing for each tray 770.

[0083] The carbonization furnace 700 according to this embodiment has the following advantages. The carbonization promotion chamber C2 is adjacent to the combustion chamber C1 and is connected to the combustion chamber C1. The main body 710 forming the combustion chamber C1 has a first outlet port 711 and a second outlet port 732 formed therein, while the main body 710 forming the carbonization promotion chamber C2 does not have the first outlet port 711 or the second outlet port 732 formed therein. Therefore, a chamber can be formed for promoting the carbonization of the carbonized material W, the lower layer of which is in a lit state, by utilizing the high-temperature exhaust gas guided from the combustion chamber C1.

[0084] <Variation 7-1> 21, the carbonization furnace 700 is equipped with a belt conveyor 782 instead of the roller conveyor 781. Furthermore, the material to be carbonized W is not stored in a tray 770 and transported, but is placed on the belt conveyor 782 and transported directly by the belt conveyor 782. The belt conveyor 782 continuously transports the material to be carbonized W from the rear to the front, thereby enabling the material to be carbonized W in a continuous process.

[0085] <Variation 7-2> 22, the carbonization furnace 700 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (tilting device) 783. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 783 is connected to the bottom surface of the main body 710, and the other end is connected to the vehicle 1. A connection part 10 that connects the carbonization furnace 700 to the vehicle 1 is provided at the rear end of the carbonization furnace 700. The connection part 10 connects the carbonization furnace 700 to the vehicle 1 so that it can rotate freely. This allows the carbonization furnace 700 to be tilted with the connection part 10 as a fulcrum. Therefore, for example, by locating the carbonization promotion chamber C2 above the combustion chamber C1, it becomes easier to guide the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber C1 to the carbonization promotion chamber C2. In addition, by placing a charcoal container 752 below the front part of the raised main body part 710, the charcoal transported by the belt conveyor 782 can be dropped into the charcoal container 752. It should be noted that the tilting device may employ equipment other than the hydraulic cylinder 783.

[0086] [Note] The carbonization furnace according to each embodiment described above can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0087] A carbonization furnace according to a first aspect of the present disclosure includes a main body portion (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710) that forms a combustion chamber (C1) therein for storing and burning a material to be carbonized (W), and an enclosing portion (120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720) that encloses the main body portion (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710), and a first flow path (P1) is provided between the main body portion (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710) and the enclosing portion (120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720). is formed, and the first flow path (P1) is connected to a first inlet port (121, 221, 321, 421, 521, 621, 721) that takes in air from the outside and a first outlet port (111, 211, 311, 411, 511, 611, 711) that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber (C1), and the first outlet port (111, 211, 311, 411, 511, 611, 711) is arranged only above the first inlet port (121, 221, 321, 421, 521, 621, 721) and above the stored carbonized material (W).

[0088] The first flow path (P1) is connected to first inlet ports (121, 221, 321, 421, 521, 621, 721) that take in air from the outside and first outlet ports (111, 211, 311, 411, 511, 611, 711) that supply the taken-in air to the combustion chamber (C1). The first outlet ports (111, 211, 311, 411, 511, 611, 711) are connected to the first inlet ports (121, 221, 321, 421, 521, 621, Since the first inlet port (121, 221, 321, 421, 521, 621, 721) is positioned only above the material to be carbonized (W) and above the stored material to be carbonized (W), air is taken into the first flow path (P1) from the first inlet port (121, 221, 321, 421, 521, 621, 721), the taken-in air is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized (W), and the heated air can be supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the first outlet port (111, 211, 311, 411, 511, 611, 711). This allows the high-temperature air that flows through the first flow path (P1) and is supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the first outlet port (111, 211, 311, 411, 511, 611, 711) to stably form a flame due to the primary combustion of the material to be carbonized (W) or a flame due to the combustion (secondary combustion) of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized (W).

[0089] In the carbonization furnace according to the second aspect of the present disclosure, in the first aspect, the first flow path (P1) is connected to an upper outlet port (212, 312) that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber (C1), and the upper outlet port (212, 312) is positioned above the first outlet port (211, 311).

[0090] The upper outlet port (212, 312) is disposed above the first outlet port (211, 311), and therefore air is taken in from the first inlet port (221, 321) into the first flow path (P1) formed around the main body (210, 310), the taken in air is heated by heat generated by combustion of the material to be carbonized (W), and the heated air can be supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the upper outlet port (212, 312). This allows the high-temperature air that flows through the first flow path (P1) and is supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the upper outlet port (212, 312) to stably form a flame due to combustion (secondary combustion) of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized (W).

[0091] In the carbonization furnace according to the third aspect of the present disclosure, in the first or second aspect, the main body (310) has a top surface (313) covering the combustion chamber (C1), and the top surface (313) has a truncated cone shape or a truncated pyramid shape such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the combustion chamber (C1) in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0092] The top surface (313) is formed in a truncated cone or truncated pyramid shape, in which the cross-sectional area of ​​the combustion chamber (C1) in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction gradually decreases from bottom to top, resulting in a structure that makes it easy to reflect radiant heat generated by the combustion of the material to be carbonized (W) toward the material to be carbonized (W). This makes it possible to maintain a higher temperature in the combustion chamber (C1) compared to a carbonization furnace whose top surface is open to the atmosphere.

[0093] A carbonization furnace according to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the first to third aspects, in which a second flow path (P2) is formed, and the second flow path (P2) is connected to a second inlet port (431, 531, 631, 731) that takes in air from the outside and a second outlet port (432, 532, 632, 732) that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber (C1), and the second outlet port (432, 532, 632, 732) is arranged only below the first outlet port (411, 511, 611, 711) and above the stored material to be carbonized (W).

[0094] The second flow path (P2) is connected to a second inlet port (431, 531, 631, 731) that takes in air from the outside and a second outlet port (432, 532, 632, 732) that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber (C1). The second outlet port (432, 532, 632, 732) is positioned only below the first outlet port (411, 511, 611, 711) and above the stored carbonized material (W). Therefore, air can be taken in from the second inlet port (431, 531, 631, 731) and supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the second outlet port (432, 532, 632, 732). This allows the air that flows through the second flow path (P2) and is supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the second outlet ports (432, 532, 632, 732) to stably form a flame due to primary combustion of the material to be carbonized (W). Also, the air (heated air) that is supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the first outlet ports (411, 511, 611, 711) that are positioned above the second outlet ports (432, 532, 632, 732) allows the flame to be stably formed due to combustion (secondary combustion) of combustible components generated from the material to be carbonized (W).

[0095] A carbonization furnace according to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure is the fourth aspect, wherein the second flow path (P2) is formed in the first flow path (P1).

[0096] Since the second flow path (P2) is formed within the first flow path (P1), the heat of the air flowing through the first flow path (P1) can heat the air flowing through the second flow path (P2). This makes it possible to more stably form a flame due to the primary combustion of the material to be carbonized (W) using the high-temperature air that has flowed through the second flow path (P2) and is supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the second outlet port (432, 532, 632, 732).

[0097] The carbonization furnace according to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure is the carbonization furnace of the fourth or fifth aspect, further including a first damper (491, 591, 691, 791) that adjusts the flow rate of air flowing through the first flow path (P1).

[0098] Since the apparatus is equipped with a first damper (491, 591, 691, 791) that adjusts the flow rate of air flowing through the first flow path (P1), the flow rate of air can be adjusted according to the combustion state and / or dry distillation state of the carbonized material (W), and the flame due to the primary combustion of the carbonized material W can be formed more stably.

[0099] The carbonization furnace according to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, further including a second damper (492, 592, 692, 792) that adjusts the flow rate of air flowing through the second flow path (P2).

[0100] Since a second damper (492, 592, 692, 792) is provided to adjust the flow rate of air flowing through the second flow path (P2), the flow rate of air can be adjusted according to the combustion state and / or dry distillation state of the carbonized material (W), and the flame due to secondary combustion of combustible components generated from the carbonized material W can be formed more stably.

[0101] The carbonization furnace according to the eighth aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the fourth to seventh aspects, in which a third flow path (P3) is formed, and the third flow path (P3) is connected to a third inlet port (561) that takes in air from the outside and a third outlet port (551) that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber (C1), and the third outlet port (551) is positioned near the horizontal center of the combustion chamber (C1) and above the stored material to be carbonized (W).

[0102] The third flow path (P3) is connected to a third inlet port (561) that takes in air from the outside and a third outlet port (551) that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber (C1). The third outlet port (551) is located near the horizontal center of the combustion chamber (C1) and above the stored material to be carbonized (W), so that air can be supplied near the center of the combustion chamber (C1), where oxygen is likely to be insufficient during primary combustion. This allows a stable flame to be formed during primary combustion.

[0103] A carbonization furnace according to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the fourth to eighth aspects, in which a first exhaust flow path (Pe1) is formed between the main body portion (610, 710) and the surrounding portion (620, 720), and the first exhaust flow path (Pe1) is connected to a first exhaust inlet port (614) that takes in exhaust gas from the combustion chamber (C1) and a first exhaust outlet port (615) that discharges the taken-in exhaust gas to the outside, and the first exhaust inlet port (614) is positioned above the first exhaust outlet port (615).

[0104] The first exhaust flow path (Pe1) is connected to a first exhaust inlet port (614) that takes in exhaust gas from the combustion chamber (C1) and a first exhaust outlet port (615) that discharges the taken-in exhaust gas to the outside. The first exhaust inlet port (614) is located above the first exhaust outlet port (615). Therefore, high-temperature exhaust gas can be taken in from the first exhaust inlet port (614) to the first exhaust flow path (Pe1) and can be discharged to the outside from the first exhaust outlet port (615) through the first exhaust flow path (Pe1) formed around the main body portion (610, 710). This allows high-temperature exhaust gas to flow through the first exhaust flow path (Pe1) formed around the main body portion (610, 710), which makes it easier for the temperature of the combustion chamber (C1) to rise.

[0105] A carbonization furnace according to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure is the ninth aspect, wherein the plurality of first flow paths (P1) are formed at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the first exhaust flow paths (Pe1) are arranged between the first flow paths (P1).

[0106] The first flow paths (P1) are formed at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the first exhaust flow paths (Pe1) are arranged between the first flow paths (P1), so that the exhaust gas flowing through the first exhaust flow paths (Pe1) can heat the air flowing through the first flow paths (P1). This makes it possible to more stably form a flame due to primary combustion of the material to be carbonized (W) using the air (heated air) that has flowed through the first flow paths (P1) and is supplied to the combustion chamber (C1) from the first outlet ports (611, 711).

[0107] The carbonization furnace according to the eleventh aspect of the present disclosure is the ninth or tenth aspect, in which a second exhaust flow path (Pe2) is formed, and the second exhaust flow path (Pe2) is connected to a second exhaust inlet port (641, 741) connected to the first exhaust outlet port (615) and a second exhaust outlet port (642, 742) that discharges the taken-in exhaust to the outside, and the second exhaust outlet port (642, 742) is positioned above the second exhaust inlet port (641, 741).

[0108] The second exhaust flow path (Pe2) is connected to a second exhaust inlet port (641, 741) connected to the first exhaust outlet port (615) and a second exhaust outlet port (642, 742) that discharges the taken-in exhaust to the outside, and since the second exhaust outlet port (642, 742) is positioned above the second exhaust inlet port (641, 741), the chimney effect makes it easier for high-temperature exhaust gas to be discharged to the outside.

[0109] The carbonization furnace according to the twelfth aspect of the present disclosure is the fourth aspect, in which a carbonization promotion chamber (C2) is formed inside the main body (710) in which the material to be carbonized (W) is stored and burned, the carbonization promotion chamber (C2) is adjacent to the combustion chamber (C1) and is connected to the combustion chamber (C1), the main body (710) forming the combustion chamber (C1) is formed with the first inlet port (721) and the second outlet port (732), and the main body (710) forming the carbonization promotion chamber (C2) is not formed with the first outlet port (711) or the second outlet port (732).

[0110] The carbonization promotion chamber (C2) is adjacent to the combustion chamber (C1) and is connected to the combustion chamber (C1). The main body (710) forming the combustion chamber (C1) is formed with a first outlet port (711) and a second outlet port (732), while the main body (710) forming the carbonization promotion chamber (C2) does not have the first outlet port (711) or the second outlet port (732). Therefore, a chamber can be formed for promoting the carbonization of the carbonized material (W) whose lower layer is in a lit state by utilizing the high-temperature exhaust gas guided from the combustion chamber (C1).

[0111] The carbonization furnace according to a thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure is the twelfth aspect, and includes trays (670, 770) for storing the material to be carbonized (W).

[0112] The equipment is provided with trays (670, 770) for storing the material to be carbonized (W), which allows for easy loading and unloading of the material to be carbonized (W). In addition, the material to be carbonized (W) can be carbonized in batches for each tray (670, 770).

[0113] The carbonization furnace according to the fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure is the thirteenth aspect, and includes a slide mechanism (680, 781) that supports the tray (670, 770) and slides the supported tray (670, 770), and the slide mechanism (680, 781) is installed across the outside and inside of the combustion chamber (C1).

[0114] The apparatus is provided with a slide mechanism (680, 781) that supports the tray (670, 770) and slides the supported tray (670, 770), and the slide mechanism (680, 781) is installed across the outside and inside of the combustion chamber (C1), making it even easier to transport the material to be carbonized (W) and the carbonized material.

[0115] A carbonization furnace according to a fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure is the fourteenth aspect, wherein a bottom portion (671) of the tray (670) is configured to be openable and closable.

[0116] The bottom part (671) of the tray (670) is configured to be openable and closable, so that the carbonized material can be easily removed by opening the bottom part (671) of the tray (670) containing the carbonized material.

[0117] A carbonization furnace according to a sixteenth aspect of the present disclosure is the fourteenth aspect, wherein the tray (670) is rotatably attached to the slide mechanism (680).

[0118] The tray (670) is rotatably attached to the slide mechanism (680), so that the carbonized material can be easily removed by tilting the tray (670) containing the carbonized material.

[0119] The carbonization furnace according to a seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure is the twelfth aspect, and includes a transport mechanism (782) on which an object to be carbonized (W) is placed and which transports the object to be carbonized (W) placed thereon.

[0120] The material to be carbonized (W) is placed on the main body (710) and is provided with a transport mechanism (782) for transporting the placed material to be carbonized (W). By transporting the material to be carbonized (W) inside the main body (710), the material to be carbonized (W) can be carbonized in a continuous process.

[0121] The carbonization furnace according to an eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the twelfth to seventeenth aspects, further comprising a tilting device (783) that tilts the main body (710).

[0122] Since the main body (710) is provided with a tilting device (783) for tilting the main body (710), for example, by locating the carbonization promotion chamber (C2) above the combustion chamber (C1), it becomes easier to guide the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber (C1) into the carbonization promotion chamber (C2).

[0123] A carbonization furnace according to a 19th aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the first to 18th aspects, and is provided with a raw material charging section (665) having a raw material charging chamber (665a), the raw material charging chamber (665a) being arranged above the combustion chamber (C1) and separated from the combustion chamber (C1) by a bottom surface portion (665c), and is provided with a supply device (660) that transports material to be carbonized (W) from the outside to the raw material charging chamber (665a) by an airflow, and the bottom surface portion (665c) of the raw material charging chamber (665a) is configured to be openable and closable.

[0124] The raw material charging chamber (665a) is disposed above the combustion chamber (C1) and separated from the combustion chamber (C1) by a bottom surface (665c). The raw material charging chamber (665a) is equipped with a supply device (665) that transports the material to be carbonized (W) from the outside to the raw material charging chamber (665a) by an airflow. The bottom surface (665c) of the raw material charging chamber (665a) is configured to be openable and closable. Therefore, by opening the bottom surface (665c) when a certain amount of the material to be carbonized (W) is stored in the raw material charging chamber (665a), a large amount of the material to be carbonized (W) can be charged into the combustion chamber (C1) at once. Furthermore, by keeping the bottom surface (665c) closed when the material to be carbonized (W) is not being charged, the impact of the airflow transporting the material to be carbonized (W) on the gas (air, exhaust gas, etc.) in the combustion chamber (C1) and the primary combustion flame can be reduced.

[0125] A carbonization furnace according to a twentieth aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the first to nineteenth aspects and is provided with a connection part (10) used to connect to a vehicle (1) when loading the furnace onto the vehicle (1).

[0126] A vehicle-mounted carbonization furnace (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700) can be provided because it is equipped with a connection part (10) that is used to limit relative movement with the vehicle (1) when loaded onto the vehicle (1). [Explanation of symbols]

[0127] 1 vehicle 10 Connection 100 carbonization furnace 110 Main body 111 First Exit Port 120 Encirclement 121 First Inlet Port 200 carbonization furnace 210 Main body 211 First Exit Port 212 Upper Exit Port 220 Encirclement 221 First Inlet Port 300 Carbonization furnace 310 Main body 311 First Exit Port 312 Upper Exit Port 313 Top 317 Opening 320 Encirclement 321 First Inlet Port 323 Top Enclosure 340 Chimney 400 carbonization furnace 410 Main body 411 First Exit Port 413 Top 420 Encirclement 421 First Inlet Port 430 Horizontal Duct 431 Second Inlet Port 432 Second Exit Port 440 Chimney 491 First Damper 492 Second damper 500 carbonization furnace 510 Main body 511 First Exit Port 513 Top 520 Encirclement 521 First Inlet Port 530 Horizontal Duct 531 Second Inlet Port 532 Second Exit Port 540 Chimney 550 Central Duct 551 Third Exit Port 560 Lower Duct 561 Third Inlet Port 591 First Damper 592 Second damper 593 3rd Damper 600 carbonization furnace 610 Main body 611 First Exit Port 613 Top 614 No. 1 exhaust inlet port 615 First exhaust outlet port 620 Encirclement 621 First Inlet Port 623 Top Enclosure 630 Horizontal Duct 631 Second Inlet Port 632 Second Exit Port 640 Chimney 641 Second exhaust inlet port 642 Second exhaust outlet port 645 Vertical Duct 651 Raw material container 652 Carbide container 660 Feeding device 661 Suction part 662 Suction duct 663 Supply Duct 664 Distributor 665 Raw material input section 665a Raw material input room 665b net 665c bottom part 666 Release valve 670 Tray 671 Bottom part 672 Wheels 673 pins 680 Slide rail (slide mechanism) 681 Slide surface 682 Slide groove 691 First Damper 692 Second damper 700 carbonization furnace 710 Main body 711 First Exit Port 713 Top surface (inclined surface) 716 Bulkhead 717 Opening 720 Encirclement 721 First Inlet Port 723 Top Enclosure 730 Horizontal Duct 731 Second Inlet Port 732 Second Exit Port 740 Chimney 745 Vertical Duct 752 Carbide container 770 Tray 781 Roller conveyor (slide mechanism) 782 Belt conveyor (transport device) 783 Hydraulic cylinder (tilt device) C1 combustion chamber C2 Carbonization promotion chamber P1 First flow path P2 Second flow path P3 Third flow path Pe1 First exhaust passage Pe2 Second exhaust passage W Carbide

Claims

1. a main body portion having a combustion chamber formed therein for storing and burning the material to be carbonized; an enclosing portion enclosing the main body portion; Equipped with a first flow path is formed between the main body portion and the surrounding portion; the first flow path is connected to a first inlet port that takes in air from the outside and a first outlet port that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber; The first outlet port is disposed only above the first inlet port and above the material to be carbonized. Carbonization furnace.

2. The first flow passage is connected to an upper outlet port that supplies the intake air to the combustion chamber, The upper outlet port is located above the first outlet port. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 .

3. The main body portion has a top surface that covers the combustion chamber, The top surface is formed in a truncated cone shape or a truncated pyramid shape such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the combustion chamber in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction gradually decreases from bottom to top. The carbonization furnace according to claim 2.

4. A second flow path is formed; the second flow path is connected to a second inlet port that takes in air from the outside and a second outlet port that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber; The second outlet port is disposed only below the first outlet port and above the material to be carbonized. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 .

5. The second flow path is formed in the first flow path. The carbonization furnace according to claim 4.

6. A first damper is provided to adjust the flow rate of air flowing through the first flow path. The carbonization furnace according to claim 4.

7. A second damper is provided to adjust the flow rate of air flowing through the second flow path. The carbonization furnace according to claim 6.

8. A third flow path is formed, the third flow path is connected to a third inlet port that takes in air from the outside and a third outlet port that supplies the taken-in air to the combustion chamber; The third outlet port is disposed near the center of the combustion chamber in the horizontal direction and above the stored material to be carbonized. The carbonization furnace according to claim 4.

9. a first exhaust flow path is formed between the main body portion and the surrounding portion; the first exhaust flow path is connected to a first exhaust inlet port that takes in exhaust gas from the combustion chamber and a first exhaust outlet port that discharges the taken-in exhaust gas to the outside, The first exhaust inlet port is located above the first exhaust outlet port. The carbonization furnace according to claim 4.

10. The first flow paths are formed at intervals in the horizontal direction, The first exhaust flow path is disposed between the first flow paths. The carbonization furnace according to claim 9.

11. A second exhaust flow path is formed; the second exhaust flow path is connected to a second exhaust inlet port connected to the first exhaust outlet port and a second exhaust outlet port that discharges the taken-in exhaust gas to the outside, The second exhaust outlet port is disposed above the second exhaust inlet port. The carbonization furnace according to claim 9.

12. A carbonization promotion chamber is formed inside the main body to store and burn the material to be carbonized, The carbonization promotion chamber is adjacent to the combustion chamber and communicates with the combustion chamber, the first outlet port and the second outlet port are formed in the body portion that forms the combustion chamber, The main body portion forming the carbonization promotion chamber is not formed with the first outlet port and the second outlet port. The carbonization furnace according to claim 4.

13. Equipped with a tray for storing materials to be carbonized The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 .

14. a slide mechanism for supporting the tray and sliding the supported tray; The slide mechanism is installed across the outside and inside of the combustion chamber. The carbonization furnace according to claim 13.

15. The bottom surface of the tray is configured to be openable and closable. The carbonization furnace according to claim 14.

16. The tray is rotatably attached to the slide mechanism. The carbonization furnace according to claim 14.

17. The object to be carbonized is placed on the carrier and a transport mechanism is provided for transporting the object to be carbonized. The carbonization furnace according to claim 12.

18. A tilting device is provided to tilt the main body. The carbonization furnace according to claim 12.

19. a raw material charging section having a raw material charging chamber formed therein; The raw material charging chamber includes: Located above the combustion chamber, The bottom surface separates the combustion chamber from the main body. a supply device that transports the material to be carbonized from the outside to the raw material charging chamber by airflow; The bottom surface of the raw material charging chamber is configured to be openable and closable. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 .

20. The device has a connection that is used to limit relative movement with the vehicle when it is loaded onto the vehicle. A carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

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