Plasma coking device
By designing the carbonization chamber and combustion chamber of the plasma heating device, the problems of uneven temperature and low environmental efficiency in traditional coking technology have been solved, realizing a highly efficient and environmentally friendly coking process and improving coke quality and production efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Traditional coking technology has shortcomings in terms of environmental protection, energy efficiency and product quality, especially uneven temperature distribution, slow heating speed and long coking cycle.
A plasma heating device is used, including a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber. The first plasma heating component heats the coal to produce raw coal gas, which is then treated by a coal gas condensation and purification component and a plasma desulfurization component. The desulfurized coal gas is then burned in the combustion chamber to provide heat.
It improved coking quality and production efficiency, reduced pollutant emissions, achieved energy recycling, and enhanced energy utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN223991068U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of chemical technology, and in particular to a plasma coking apparatus. Background Technology
[0002] In the current coking industry, traditional coking technology faces numerous challenges, exhibiting significant shortcomings in environmental protection, energy efficiency, and product quality. Traditional coking equipment typically uses conventional heating methods, such as burning fossil fuels, to provide heat. This heating method not only leads to uneven temperature distribution within the carbonization chamber, resulting in uneven heating during the dry distillation of the blended coal and difficulty in guaranteeing coke quality, but also results in slow heating rates and long coking cycles, significantly impacting production efficiency.
[0003] With increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements and the growing market demand for high-quality coke, developing an efficient, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving coking technology and equipment has become an urgent issue for the industry. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a plasma coking apparatus, including:
[0005] The coking unit includes an independent carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber. The carbonization chamber is equipped with a first plasma heating component, which is used to heat the blended coal in the carbonization chamber to produce raw coal gas.
[0006] A coal gas condensation and purification component is connected to the carbonization chamber through a first pipe and is used to cool the tar in the raw coal gas to form purified coal gas.
[0007] The gas plasma desulfurization component is connected to the gas condensation and purification component through a second pipe and to the combustion chamber through a third pipe. The gas plasma desulfurization component is equipped with a second plasma heating component, which is used to heat the purified gas to form desulfurized gas. The desulfurized gas enters the combustion chamber through the third pipe for combustion, so that the combustion chamber transfers heat to the carbonization chamber.
[0008] As an optional embodiment, the coking body includes a shell, a first partition and a second partition, the space between the first partition and the second partition forms the carbonization chamber, and the space between the shell and the first partition and the space between the shell and the second partition respectively form the combustion chamber.
[0009] As an optional embodiment, both the first partition and the second partition are made of silica brick material.
[0010] As an optional embodiment, multiple first plasma heating components are provided and evenly distributed on both sides of the carbonization chamber.
[0011] As an optional embodiment, the gas condensation and purification assembly includes a sealed container and condensate stored in the sealed container. One end of the first pipe is connected to the carbonization chamber, and the other end passes through the top of the sealed container and is submerged in the condensate, so that the raw coal gas enters the condensate.
[0012] As an optional embodiment, one end of the second pipe extends into the container and is above the liquid level of the condensate.
[0013] As an optional embodiment, multiple second plasma heating components are provided and evenly distributed on the outer wall of the gas plasma desulfurization component.
[0014] As an optional embodiment, one end of the third pipe extends into the gas plasma desulfurization assembly, and the other end extends into the bottom of the combustion chamber, with the top of the combustion chamber communicating with the flue.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:
[0016] This application utilizes plasma heating, which offers high heating efficiency and precise temperature control, thereby improving coking quality and production efficiency. Simultaneously, the raw coal gas is treated through coal gas condensation purification and plasma desulfurization components, reducing pollutant emissions and providing significant environmental benefits. Furthermore, the desulfurized coal gas is burned in the combustion chamber, achieving energy recycling and improving energy utilization efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plasma coking apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coking body according to an embodiment of this application.
[0019] in,
[0020] 1. Coking body; 11. Shell; 12. First partition; 13. Second partition; 14. Carbonization chamber; 15. Combustion chamber; 16. First plasma heating assembly; 2. Gas condensation and purification assembly; 3. Gas plasma desulfurization assembly; 31. Second plasma heating assembly; 41. First pipeline; 42. Second pipeline; 43. Third pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0021] Various embodiments and features of this application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] It should be understood that various modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of this application will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the general description of the present application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0024] These and other features of this application will become apparent from the following description of preferred forms of embodiments given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] It should also be understood that although this application has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art can certainly implement many other equivalent forms of this application.
[0026] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and in view of the following detailed description.
[0027] Specific embodiments of this application are described thereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the claimed embodiments are merely examples of this application, which can be implemented in various ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary or redundant details that could obscure the application. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details claimed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as the basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use this application in a variety of substantially any suitable detailed structures.
[0028] This specification may use the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in another embodiment,” “in yet another embodiment,” or “in other embodiments,” all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to this application.
[0029] An embodiment of this application provides a plasma coking apparatus, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a coking main body 1, a gas condensation and purification component 2, and a gas plasma desulfurization component 3.
[0030] The coking body 1 includes a carbonization chamber 14 and a combustion chamber 15 that are independent of each other. The carbonization chamber 14 is provided with a first plasma heating component 16, which is used to heat the blended coal in the carbonization chamber 14 to produce raw coal gas.
[0031] The gas condensation and purification component 2 is connected to the carbonization chamber 14 through the first pipe 41 and is used to cool the tar in the raw coal gas to form purified coal gas.
[0032] The gas plasma desulfurization component 3 is connected to the gas condensation and purification component 2 through the second pipe 42 and to the combustion chamber 15 through the third pipe 43. The gas plasma desulfurization component 3 is equipped with a second plasma heating component 31, which is used to heat the purified gas to form desulfurized gas. The desulfurized gas enters the combustion chamber 15 through the third pipe 43 for combustion, so that the combustion chamber 15 transfers heat to the carbonization chamber 14.
[0033] In this embodiment, the plasma heating component is a device that uses plasma to generate high temperatures to heat objects. Plasma is a state of matter mainly composed of free electrons and charged ions, which can generate high temperatures through the action of electric fields or magnetic fields, thereby achieving the heating function.
[0034] Blended coal is a coking coal mixture made by combining various types of coal with different properties in a certain proportion. Different types of coal have different characteristics, and proper blending can achieve better coking results. Raw coal gas is the crude gas produced during the dry distillation of coal in the carbonization chamber 14. It contains various components, such as tar, benzene, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide.
[0035] The gas condensation and purification component 2 is used to cool raw coal gas, causing impurities such as tar to condense and thus obtain purified coal gas. The coal gas plasma desulfurization component 3 is a device that uses plasma technology to desulfurize the purified coal gas, removing sulfur components from the coal gas and reducing the emission of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide during combustion. The gas condensation and purification component 2 of this application can convert organic sulfur into inorganic sulfur, reduce the inorganic sulfur content, and convert it into sulfur.
[0036] In this application, within the carbonization chamber 14 of the coking body 1, the first plasma heating component 16 heats the blended coal, causing it to undergo dry distillation to produce raw coal gas. The raw coal gas enters the coal gas condensation and purification component 2 through the first pipe 41 for cooling, where impurities such as tar are separated to form purified coal gas. The purified coal gas then enters the coal gas plasma desulfurization component 3 through the second pipe 42. The second plasma heating component 31 generates high-temperature plasma, which, through contact with hydrogen sulfide in the purified coal gas, generates elemental sulfur, which is then removed, thus forming desulfurized coal gas. The desulfurized coal gas enters the combustion chamber 15 through the third pipe 43 for combustion, and the heat generated by combustion is transferred to the carbonization chamber 14, providing heat for the coking process within the carbonization chamber 14.
[0037] This application utilizes plasma heating, which offers high heating efficiency and precise temperature control, thereby improving coking quality and production efficiency. Simultaneously, the raw coal gas is treated through coal gas condensation purification and plasma desulfurization components, reducing pollutant emissions and providing significant environmental benefits. Furthermore, the desulfurized coal gas is burned in combustion chamber 15, achieving energy recycling and improving energy utilization efficiency.
[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the coking body 1 includes a shell 11, a first partition 12 and a second partition 13. The space between the first partition 12 and the second partition 13 forms the carbonization chamber 14, and the space between the shell 11 and the first partition 12 and the space between the shell 11 and the second partition 13 respectively form the combustion chamber 15.
[0039] In this embodiment, the shell 11 is the outer shell of the coking body 1, usually made of materials such as metal, and is used to protect the internal structure and house components such as the carbonization chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 15. The first partition 12 and the second partition 13 are plate-shaped components used to separate the carbonization chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 15, playing a role in isolation and support, so that the carbonization chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 15 are independent of each other, ensuring the smooth operation of the process in their respective spaces.
[0040] In this application, a carbonization chamber 14 is formed between the first partition 12 and the second partition 13 for placing blended coal and carrying out the coking process. Combustion chambers 15 are formed between the shell 11 and the first partition 12, and between the shell 11 and the second partition 13, respectively. The combustion chambers 15 are used to burn the desulfurized coal gas, generate heat, and transfer it to the carbonization chamber 14.
[0041] This application uses a first partition 12 and a second partition 13 to make the carbonization chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 15 independent of each other, which can better control their respective process parameters such as temperature, and is beneficial to improving coking quality and efficiency. At the same time, the combustion chambers 15 on both sides can evenly transfer heat to the carbonization chamber 14, making the temperature distribution in the carbonization chamber 14 more uniform, which is beneficial to the uniform dry distillation of the blended coal.
[0042] In one embodiment, both the first partition 12 and the second partition 13 are made of silica brick material. Silica brick is a refractory material with silicon dioxide as its main component. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high load softening temperature, and good thermal shock stability, and can withstand the high temperature and thermal stress in the coking process.
[0043] The first partition 12 and the second partition 13 are made of silica brick material. During the coking process, the silica brick can withstand the high temperature environment of the carbonization chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 15, maintain structural stability, prevent heat loss and gas leakage in different spaces, and ensure the normal operation of the coking unit.
[0044] In the application of this invention, during the high-temperature coking process, the temperature of the carbonization chamber 14 can reach over 1000°C, and the temperature of the combustion chamber 15 is also relatively high. The first partition 12 and the second partition 13, made of silica bricks, can maintain their shape under such high temperatures and will not crack or deform due to thermal expansion, thermal stress, or other factors, effectively separating the carbonization chamber 14 and the combustion chamber 15.
[0045] This application improves the high-temperature resistance and structural stability of coking units by using silica bricks, thereby extending the service life of the units. At the same time, the excellent thermal insulation properties of silica bricks help reduce heat loss and improve energy efficiency.
[0046] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple first plasma heating components 16 are provided and are evenly distributed on both sides of the carbonization chamber 14.
[0047] In this embodiment, multiple first plasma heating components 16 are evenly distributed on both sides of the carbonization chamber 14. During coking, these heating components work simultaneously to transfer heat evenly to the blended coal from both sides of the carbonization chamber 14, so that the blended coal can be heated evenly, thereby achieving uniform dry distillation.
[0048] Specifically, the carbonization chamber 14 is rectangular, and a first plasma heating component 16 is installed at regular intervals on its left and right side walls. These heating components are activated simultaneously, so that the blended coal in the carbonization chamber 14 is heated from both sides at the same time, avoiding local overheating or overcooling.
[0049] This application uses a uniformly distributed first plasma heating component 16 to ensure that the blended coal in the carbonization chamber 14 is heated evenly, thereby improving the uniformity and consistency of coking and thus improving the quality and yield of coke.
[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gas condensation and purification assembly 2 includes a sealed container and condensate stored in the sealed container. One end of the first pipe 41 is connected to the carbonization chamber 14, and the other end passes through the top of the sealed container and is submerged in the condensate, so that the raw gas enters the condensate.
[0051] In this embodiment, the sealed container is a container with a sealed structure that prevents gas and liquid leakage, ensuring that the internal coal gas condensation and purification process takes place in a relatively independent environment. The condensate is water used to cool the raw coal gas; through heat exchange with the raw coal gas, it cools and condenses components such as tar in the raw coal gas.
[0052] In this application, raw coal gas enters the condensate in a sealed container through the first pipe 41. Bubbles form in the condensate, and impurities such as tar in the bubbles cool and condense during heat exchange with the condensate, settling to the bottom of the container, thus purifying the coal gas. The purified coal gas is then discharged from the space above the condensate surface.
[0053] The gas condensation and purification component 2 of this application has a simple structure. It cools and purifies raw coal gas by using condensate, which can effectively remove impurities such as tar from the raw coal gas, improve the purification effect of the coal gas, and provide good raw gas for subsequent desulfurization and other processes.
[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, one end of the second pipe 42 extends into the container and is above the liquid level of the condensate.
[0055] In this embodiment, one end of the second pipe 42 extends into the container and is higher than the liquid level of the condensate. After purification, the gas rises in the sealed container to the space above the liquid level of the condensate, and then exits the container through the second pipe 42 and enters the gas plasma desulfurization component 3 for desulfurization treatment.
[0056] The second pipe 42 of this application can ensure the smooth discharge of purified gas, while preventing condensate from entering the second pipe 42, thus ensuring the normal operation of gas transportation and subsequent processing.
[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple second plasma heating components 31 are provided and are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the gas plasma desulfurization component 3.
[0058] In this embodiment, multiple second plasma heating components 31 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the gas plasma desulfurization component 3. When the purified gas enters the gas plasma desulfurization component 3, these heating components heat its outer wall, and the heat is transferred to the gas inside, so that the sulfur component in the gas reacts and is removed in the high-temperature plasma environment.
[0059] This application uses a uniformly distributed second plasma heating component 31 to ensure that the coal gas in the coal gas plasma desulfurization component 3 is heated evenly, thereby improving the desulfurization effect, ensuring that the sulfur components in the coal gas are fully removed, and reducing the emission of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide.
[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, one end of the third pipe 43 extends into the gas plasma desulfurization component 3, and the other end extends into the bottom of the combustion chamber 15. The top of the combustion chamber 15 is connected to the flue.
[0061] In this embodiment, the flue is a channel for discharging exhaust gases after combustion, guiding the exhaust gases generated in the combustion chamber 15 to the outside or to subsequent exhaust gas treatment equipment.
[0062] In this application, the desulfurized coal gas enters the bottom of the combustion chamber 15 through the third pipe 43, where it is burned to produce high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas rises within the combustion chamber 15 and is discharged from the flue at the top of the combustion chamber 15, while heat is transferred to the carbonization chamber 14.
[0063] This application ensures that the desulfurized coal gas can smoothly enter the combustion chamber 15 for combustion through the third pipe 43 and the flue, and that the exhaust gas after combustion can be discharged in a timely manner, maintaining the normal working environment of the combustion chamber 15. At the same time, it realizes the transfer of heat to the carbonization chamber 14, providing the necessary heat for the coking process.
[0064] In summary, the working process when applying this application is as follows:
[0065] A blend of coals, mixed in a specific ratio, is loaded into the carbonization chamber 14 of the coking unit 1. Multiple first plasma heating components 16 are activated to heat the blended coals within the carbonization chamber 14. Under high temperature, the blended coals undergo a dry distillation reaction, producing raw coal gas.
[0066] Because the plasma arc temperature of the first plasma heating component 16 is high, controllable up to 3000℃, most of the large molecular chemical bonds in the raw coal gas will break, forming smaller molecules. Therefore, components like tar will be converted into smaller molecules such as benzene, hydrogen, and methane, resulting in very little tar content.
[0067] Raw coal gas enters the coal gas condensation and purification component 2 through the first pipe 41. The raw coal gas bubbles in the condensate water and exchanges heat with the condensate water. The tar and other components in the raw coal gas condense into liquid after cooling and are separated from the coal gas, settling to the bottom of the container, thus obtaining purified coal gas.
[0068] The purified coal gas is discharged from the second pipe 42, which is located in a sealed container and is above the condensate level, and enters the coal gas plasma desulfurization component 3. Multiple second plasma heating components 31 heat the gas, placing it in a high-temperature plasma environment. Under this environment, the sulfur in the gas reacts and is removed, forming desulfurized coal gas.
[0069] After desulfurization, the coal gas enters the bottom of the combustion chamber 15 through the third pipe 43 for combustion. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion rises within the combustion chamber 15, and the heat is transferred to the carbonization chamber 14 through a baffle made of silica bricks, continuously providing heat for the coking process within the carbonization chamber 14. Finally, the exhaust gas after combustion is discharged from the flue at the top of the combustion chamber 15.
[0070] This application employs plasma heating technology. The first plasma heating component 16 ensures uniform heating of the blended coal, achieving uniform dry distillation and improving coke quality and yield. The raw coal gas is purified by a coal gas condensation and purification component 2 to remove impurities such as tar. The purified coal gas is then desulfurized using a coal gas plasma desulfurization component 3, significantly reducing emissions of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide. The desulfurized coal gas is then burned in the combustion chamber 15, achieving energy recycling and reducing environmental pollution.
[0071] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A plasma coking apparatus, characterized by comprising: The application relates to a coke oven, which comprises a coke oven body, a coal gas condensing and purifying assembly, and a coal gas plasma desulfurization assembly. The coke oven body comprises a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber which are independent of each other, the carbonization chamber is provided with a first plasma heating assembly which is used for heating fitting coal in the carbonization chamber to generate raw coal gas; The coal gas condensing and purifying assembly is communicated with the carbonization chamber through a first pipeline and is used for cooling tar in the raw coal gas to form purified coal gas; The coal gas plasma desulfurization assembly is communicated with the coal gas condensing and purifying assembly through a second pipeline and is communicated with the combustion chamber through a third pipeline, the coal gas plasma desulfurization assembly is provided with a second plasma heating assembly which is used for heating the purified coal gas to form desulfurized coal gas, and the desulfurized coal gas enters the combustion chamber through the third pipeline to be combusted so that the combustion chamber transmits heat to the carbonization chamber.
2. The plasma retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The coke oven body comprises a shell, a first partition plate and a second partition plate, the space between the first partition plate and the second partition plate forms the carbonization chamber, the space between the shell and the first partition plate and the space between the shell and the second partition plate form the combustion chamber respectively.
3. The plasma retorting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the plasma torch is positioned to direct the plasma flame toward the bottom of the retort. The first partition plate and the second partition plate are made of silica brick material.
4. The plasma retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first plasma heating assembly is arranged in multiple and is uniformly distributed on both sides of the carbonization chamber.
5. The plasma retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The coal gas condensing and purifying assembly comprises a sealed container and condensate water stored in the sealed container, one end of the first pipeline is communicated with the carbonization chamber, the other end of the first pipeline penetrates the top of the sealed container and is immersed in the condensate water so that the raw coal gas enters the condensate water.
6. The plasma retorting apparatus of claim 5, wherein the plasma torch is positioned to direct the plasma flame toward the bottom of the retort. One end of the second pipeline is inserted into the container and is higher than the liquid level of the condensate water.
7. The plasma retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plasma torch is positioned to direct the plasma flame toward the bottom of the retort. The second plasma heating assembly is arranged in multiple and is uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the coal gas plasma desulfurization assembly.
8. The plasma retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, One end of the third pipeline is inserted into the coal gas plasma desulfurization assembly, and the other end of the third pipeline is inserted into the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the top of the combustion chamber is communicated with a flue.