Incineration system

Abstract

To provide an incineration system suitably controlling an internal pressure of an incineration furnace.SOLUTION: The incineration system comprises: an incineration furnace incinerating a treating object; a supercharger comprising a compressor compressing at least a part of air to generate compressed air and a turbine driving the compressor; a heat exchanger heating air including the compressed air by using exhaust gas discharged from the incineration furnace; an ejector inducing the exhaust gas from the heat exchanger by the flow of the air heated by the heat exchanger to blow the exhaust gas; a first blower inducing / blowing the exhaust gas; and a feeder feeding a part of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the ejector, feeding another part of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the turbine, and feeding the exhaust gas blown from the first blower and the exhaust gas blown from the ejector to a smokestack.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an incineration system. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, a technology has been proposed in which waste heat from an incinerator that incinerates sewage sludge (hereinafter also simply referred to as sludge or material to be treated) is utilized to induce exhaust gas from the incinerator (see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-194307 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In an incineration system that utilizes waste heat from an incinerator such as that described above, it is desirable to appropriately control the pressure inside the incinerator even when the amount of waste heat emitted from the incinerator changes, for example. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The incineration system of the present invention comprises an incinerator for incinerating materials to be treated, a turbocharger having a compressor for compressing at least a portion of the air to generate compressed air and a turbine for driving the compressor, a heat exchanger for heating the air including the compressed air using exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, an ejector for inducing the exhaust gas from the heat exchanger by using the flow of a portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger to blow it out, a first fan for inducing the exhaust gas and blowing it out, and a supply unit for supplying a portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the ejector and another portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the turbine, and supplying the exhaust gas blown from the first fan and the exhaust gas blown from the ejector to a chimney. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the incineration system of the present invention, it is possible to appropriately control the pressure inside the incinerator. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of a part of the incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10. As shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the function of the control device 10. As shown in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the furnace pressure control process in the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of a part of the incineration system 100 in the first modified example. [Figure 13]FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of a part of the incineration system 100 in the second modified example. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 100 in the third modified example. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 100 in the fourth modified example. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of a part of the incineration system 100 in the fourth modified example. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating the furnace pressure control process in the fifth modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. However, such descriptions should not be interpreted in a limiting sense, and do not limit the subject matter described in the claims. Furthermore, various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, different embodiments can be combined as appropriate.

[0009] [Incineration system 100 in the first embodiment] First, an incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment will be described. Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment. Also, Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the detailed configuration of a part of the incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment. Note that the positions and numbers of lines (pipes) and valves shown below are examples and are not limited to these.

[0010] 1, the incineration system 100 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat exchanger 2, a dust collector 3, a smoke washing tower 4, a chimney 5, an ejector 6, a turbocharger 7, a blower B1 (hereinafter also referred to as the second blower B1), and a blower B2 (hereinafter also referred to as the first blower B2). The blowers B1 and B2 are devices that have the function of blowing air, such as fans or blowers.

[0011] The incinerator 1 is, for example, a fluidized bed incinerator that incinerates sludge (dewatered cake) supplied via line L41, and has a so-called fluidized bed 1a. Line L41 is, for example, a pipe connecting upstream equipment of the incinerator 1 (for example, a sludge dryer not shown) to the upstream side of the sludge inlet of the incinerator 1. Below, we will explain the case where the incinerator 1 is a fluidized bed incinerator, but the incinerator 1 may be of various types other than a fluidized bed incinerator. Furthermore, below, the air supplied to the incinerator 1 will also be referred to as combustion air.

[0012] The supercharger 7 includes, for example, a compressor 7a and a turbine 7b connected via a rotary shaft 7c.

[0013] The blower B1 supplies air to the compressor 7a via, for example, a line L14. The line L14 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the blower B1 with the upstream side of the compressor 7a. The configuration around the turbocharger 7 will be described below.

[0014] As shown in Figure 2, the compressor 7a compresses, for example, air supplied from the blower B1 via line L14 or air (outside air) supplied via line L51. Line L51 is, for example, a pipe that communicates with a location on line L14 between the downstream side of the blower B1 and the upstream side of the compressor 7a and is capable of supplying air to the upstream side of the compressor 7a. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, air is supplied to the compressor 7a by, for example, controlling the opening of a valve V21 provided on line L51. The opening control is, for example, control to increase the opening of the valve (including control to fully open the valve).

[0015] 1, the line L51 communicates with the line L14 upstream of the point where the line L54 branches off from the line L14. Hereinafter, the air compressed by the compressor 7a will also be referred to as compressed air.

[0016] The compressor 7a supplies compressed air to the heat exchanger 2 via, for example, a line L11. The line L11 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the compressor 7a to the upstream side of the air inlet of the heat exchanger 2.

[0017] The heat exchanger 2 performs heat exchange, for example, between the exhaust gas G1 (hereinafter also referred to as the first exhaust gas G1) discharged from the incinerator 1 via the line L1 and the air supplied from the blower B1 via the line L11.

[0018] Specifically, the heat exchanger 2 uses, for example, the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 via line L1 (i.e., waste heat from the incinerator 1) to heat the air supplied via line L11 (e.g., compressed air supplied from the compressor 7a), and supplies the heated air to the turbine 7b via line L12. The line L12 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the air outlet in the heat exchanger 2 with the upstream side of the turbine 7b. Hereinafter, the air heated by the heat exchanger 2 will also be referred to as heated air G3.

[0019] The turbine 7b rotates the rotary shaft 7c by, for example, utilizing the energy (thermal energy) of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2. The compressor 7a is driven in accordance with the rotation of the rotary shaft 7c by the turbine 7b to generate compressed air, and supplies the generated compressed air to the heat exchanger 2.

[0020] The turbine 7b then supplies the heated air G3 as combustion air to the incinerator 1 (the fluidized bed 1a in the incinerator 1) via, for example, a line L13. The line L13 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the turbine 7b with the upstream side of the air inlet in the incinerator 1.

[0021] Furthermore, for example, a line L52 is provided between line L14 and line L11. Line L52 is, for example, a pipe that connects a point on line L14 between the downstream side of blower B1 and the upstream side of compressor 7a with a point on line L11 between the downstream side of compressor 7a and the upstream side of the air inlet of heat exchanger 2. Specifically, in incineration system 100, for example, by controlling the opening of valve V22 provided on line L52, air supplied from blower B1 via line L14 or air supplied via line L51 is directly supplied to heat exchanger 2.

[0022] That is, line L52 is a pipe used, for example, when air supplied from blower B1 via line L14 or air supplied via line L51 is supplied directly to heat exchanger 2 without passing through compressor 7a (bypassing compressor 7a).

[0023] Furthermore, for example, a line L53 and a bypass L15 are provided between the line L12 and the line L13. The line L53 and the bypass L15 are each a pipe that connects, for example, a portion of the line L12 between the downstream side of the air outlet of the heat exchanger 2 and the upstream side of the turbine 7b with a portion of the line L13 between the downstream side of the turbine 7b and the upstream side of the air inlet of the incinerator 1. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the bypass L15 connects with the line L12 and the line L13 at a portion closer to the turbine 7b than the line L53, but the bypass L15 may also connect with the line L12 and the line L13 at a portion farther from the turbine 7b than the line L53. The line L53 and the bypass L15 each supply, for example, heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 directly to the incinerator 1, bypassing the turbine 7b.

[0024] That is, the line L53 is a pipe used, for example, when the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 is supplied directly to the incinerator 1 without passing through the turbine 7b (bypassing the turbine 7b). Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 is directly supplied to the incinerator 1 as combustion air by controlling the valve V23 provided on the line L53 to be open.

[0025] Moreover, the bypass L15 is a pipe used, for example, when adjusting the supply amount of heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the turbine 7b. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, by performing open and close control of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15, control is performed so that a portion of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 passes through the bypass L15, thereby adjusting the supply amount of heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the turbine 7b. The close control is, for example, control to reduce the opening degree of the valve (including control to fully close the opening degree of the valve).

[0026] Furthermore, between line L14 and line L13, for example, a line L54 is provided that directly supplies air supplied from blower B1 via line L14 to incinerator 1. Line L54, for example, connects a point on line L14 between the downstream side of blower B1 and the upstream side of compressor 7a with a point on line L13 between the downstream side of turbine 7b and the upstream side of the air inlet to incinerator 1. Specifically, in incineration system 100, for example, by controlling the opening of valve V24 provided on line L54, air supplied from blower B1 via line L14 is directly supplied to incinerator 1. In the example shown in Figure 2, line L54 is connected to a point between the downstream side of the connection point between line L14 and line L51 (in other words, the point where line L51 joins line L14) and the upstream side of the connection point between line L14 and line L52 (in other words, the point where line L52 branches off from line L14), and further connected to the downstream side of the connection point between line L13 and line L53 (in other words, the point where line L53 joins line L13).

[0027] That is, line L54 is a pipe used, for example, when air supplied from blower B1 via line L14 is supplied directly to incinerator 1 without passing through both turbocharger 7 and heat exchanger 2 (bypassing both turbocharger 7 and heat exchanger 2).

[0028] Returning to Figure 1, the dust collector 3 is installed, for example, downstream of the heat exchanger 2, and removes impurities from the flue gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via line L2. The line L2 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 for the flue gas G1 with the upstream side of the dust collector 3. Note that the incineration system 100 may also have, for example, a cooling tower (not shown) upstream of the dust collector 3, which cools the flue gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2.

[0029] The smoke washing treatment tower 4 is disposed, for example, at the rear stage of the dust collector 3, and the flue gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 via a line L3 is introduced from the bottom of the tower and brought into contact with the smoke washing water sprayed from a spray nozzle (not shown) at the top, thereby removing the SO in the flue gas G1. X The line L3 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the dust collector 3 and the upstream side of the smoke washing treatment tower 4.

[0030] The chimney 5 is installed, for example, at the top of the smoke washing tower 4. The chimney 5 then releases, for example, the flue gas G1 (hereinafter also referred to as second flue gas G2) washed in the smoke washing tower 4 to the outside.

[0031] The blower B2 is, for example, an induced draft fan, and draws the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4. Specifically, the blower B2 draws the flue gas G1 (flue gas G2) via, for example, line L1, line L2, line L3, a portion of line L21, and line L22. The line L21 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the smoke scrubbing tower 4 with the upstream side of the inlet for the flue gas G2 in the ejector 6. The line L22 is, for example, a pipe connecting a portion of line L21 between the downstream side of the smoke scrubbing tower 4 and the upstream side of the valve V1 with the upstream side of the blower B2. The blower B2 then supplies the drawn flue gas G2 to the chimney 5 via, for example, line L23 and a portion of line L24. The line L23 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the blower B2 with a location on the line L24 between the downstream side of the ejector 6 and the upstream side of the chimney 5. The line L24 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the ejector 6 with the upstream side of the chimney 5.

[0032] The ejector 6, for example, uses energy (thermal energy) of air (heated air G3) supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via line L25 to induce the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 via line L21. As shown in FIG. 2 , the line L25 is, for example, a pipe branching from line L12 upstream of a point where line L53 branches from line L12 and communicating with the upstream side of the inlet for air (heated air G3) in the ejector 6. Specifically, the ejector 6 induces the flue gas G1 (flue gas G2) via line L1, line L2, line L3, and line L21, for example. Then, the ejector 6 supplies the induced flue gas G2 to the chimney 5 via line L24, for example.

[0033] More specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, by controlling the opening of the valve V2 provided on the line L25, the heated air G3 (a part of the heated air G3) supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via the line L12 is supplied to the ejector 6. Then, the ejector 6 attracts the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke washing tower 4 via the line L21, for example, by the flow of the heated air G3 flowing into the ejector 6 (the flow within the ejector 6).

[0034] In addition, the incineration system 100 may, for example, perform opening and closing control of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15 in accordance with the flow rate of the heated air G3 measured by a flow meter (not shown) provided downstream of the confluence of the line L13 with the line L53.

[0035] Furthermore, the incineration system 100 may perform opening and closing control of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15, for example, depending on the difference between the flow rate of the heated air G3 measured by a flow meter (not shown) provided in the line L11 and the flow rate of the heated air G3 measured by a flow meter (not shown) provided in the line L25.

[0036] Furthermore, hereinafter, the portion including line L1, line L2, line L3, line L11, line L12, line L13, line L14, bypass L15, line L21, line L22, line L23, line L24, line L25, line L51, line L52, line L53, line L54, valve V1, valve V2, valve V3, valve V11, valve V21, valve V22, valve V23 and valve V24 as shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be collectively referred to as supply section 20.

[0037] Thus, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment includes, for example, a turbocharger 7 having a compressor 7a that compresses at least a portion of the air to generate compressed air and a turbine 7b that drives the compressor 7a, a heat exchanger 2 that heats the air including the compressed air using exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1, an ejector 6 that induces and blows exhaust gas G2 from the heat exchanger 2 using the flow of heated air G3 heated by the heat exchanger 2, a blower B2 that induces and blows exhaust gas G2, and a supply unit 20 that supplies a portion of the heated air G3 heated by the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6 and supplies another portion of the heated air G3 heated by the heat exchanger 2 to the turbine 7b, and supplies the exhaust gas G2 blown from the blower B2 and the exhaust gas G2 blown from the ejector 6 to the chimney 5.

[0038] Specifically, the supply unit 20 supplies the heated air G3 discharged from the turbine 7b to the incinerator 1, for example.

[0039] The incineration system 100 also includes, for example, a blower B1 that blows air. The supply unit 20 supplies the air supplied from the blower B1 to the compressor 7a, and supplies the air supplied from at least one of the blower B1 and the compressor 7a to the heat exchanger 2.

[0040] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment can control the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 to a target pressure (e.g., negative pressure) by controlling the operation of the ejector 6 and the blower B2, as described below, even if the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 changes.

[0041] In addition, the incineration system 100, for example, by using an ejector 6 to induce exhaust gas G2, can reduce the time and cost required for equipment maintenance compared to when using a turbocharger to induce exhaust gas G2.

[0042] [Control device 10 in the first embodiment] Next, the configuration of the control device 10 in the first embodiment will be described. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the functions of the control device 10.

[0043] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the incineration system 100 includes a control device 10 that, for example, controls the furnace pressure of the incinerator 1 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as furnace pressure control). Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the control device 10, for example, controls the opening and closing of valves V1, V2, and V3. The control device 10 also controls the start and stop of blower B2. More specifically, the control device 10 controls the opening and closing of valves V1, V2, and V3 and the start and stop of blower B2 based on various measured values ​​(hereinafter, also simply referred to as each measured value) of various instruments (e.g., thermometers, pressure gauges, flow meters, etc.) provided on each line, such as line L21, line L22, line L23, line L24, and line L25, and the opening degree of valve V11 provided on bypass L15.

[0044] 3, the control device 10 is, for example, an electronic device having an electronic circuit. Specifically, the control device 10 is, for example, a computer device having a CPU 101 which is a processor, a memory 102, a communication device 103, and a storage medium 104. Each unit is connected to each other via a bus 105, for example.

[0045] The storage medium 104 has, for example, a program storage area (not shown) that stores a program 110 for controlling the in-reactor pressure. The storage medium 104 also has, for example, an information storage area 130 that stores information used when controlling the in-reactor pressure. The storage medium 104 may be, for example, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid state drive (SSD).

[0046] The CPU 101 controls the pressure inside the reactor by executing, for example, a program 110 loaded from the storage medium 104 into the memory 102 .

[0047] The communication device 103 accesses an operation terminal (not shown) through which an operator inputs necessary information, for example, via a network (not shown) such as the Internet.

[0048] The control device 10 may have, for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The control device 10 may also include, for example, a peripheral interface controller (PIC). The reactor pressure control may be performed by, for example, the FPGA or the ASIC.

[0049] [Flowchart of furnace pressure control] Next, a flow chart of the furnace pressure control will be described below: Fig. 5 is a flow chart for explaining the furnace pressure control in the first embodiment.

[0050] 5, the control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1, for example, in accordance with the amount of waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 2. In other words, the control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1 in accordance with the energy of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6 via a part of the line L12 and the line L25.

[0051] Then, for example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the energy of the heated air G3 supplied to the ejector 6 is sufficient as energy to operate the ejector 6 (large amount of waste heat in step S1 of Figure 5), it does not induce the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2, but instead controls the furnace pressure of the incinerator 1 by suction of the exhaust gas G2 by the ejector 6 (hereinafter also referred to as independent operation control or ejector independent operation control) (step S2 of Figure 5).

[0052] That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 can be controlled to the target pressure by only inducing the exhaust gas G2 using the ejector 6, and selects to execute autonomous operation control.

[0053] Specifically, for example, when valve V1 provided in line L21 is closed, control device 10 controls the valve to open. Also, for example, when valve V2 provided in line L25 is closed, control device 10 controls the valve to open. Also, for example, when valve V3 provided in line L22 is open, control device 10 controls the valve to close. Furthermore, for example, when blower B2 is running, control device 10 stops blower B2.

[0054] The control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1 by, for example, appropriately adjusting the opening of a valve V1 provided on the line L21.

[0055] Specifically, the control device 10, for example, refers to the measurement value of a pressure gauge (not shown) installed inside the incinerator 1, and if it determines that the pressure inside the incinerator 1 is lower than a predetermined target pressure, it controls the valve V1 to reduce the opening degree, thereby reducing the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the ejector 6.

[0056] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, increase the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so that the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure becomes smaller.

[0057] On the other hand, if the control device 10 determines, for example, by referring to the measurement value of a pressure gauge installed inside the incinerator 1, that the pressure inside the incinerator 1 is higher than the target pressure, it controls the valve V1 to increase the opening degree, thereby increasing the amount of exhaust gas G2 drawn by the ejector 6.

[0058] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, reduce the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so as to reduce the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure.

[0059] Returning to Figure 5, for example, if the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the energy of the heated air G3 supplied to the ejector 6 is not sufficient to operate the ejector 6 and that the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the ejector 6 is not sufficient (during the waste heat amount in step S1 of Figure 5), it performs furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1 by induced exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2 in addition to induced exhaust gas G2 by the ejector 6 (hereinafter also referred to as assisted operation control or ejector-assisted operation control) (step S3 of Figure 5).

[0060] In other words, in this case, the control device 10 determines that, unless exhaust gas G2 is induced by the blower B2 in addition to the ejector 6, the pressure inside the incinerator 1 cannot be controlled to the target pressure, and selects to perform assist operation control.

[0061] Specifically, for example, when the blower B2 is stopped, the control device 10 performs start-up control of the blower B2, thereby starting the induction of the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2. Furthermore, for example, when the valve V1 provided in the line L21 is closed, the control device 10 performs control to open the valve. Furthermore, for example, when the valve V2 provided in the line L25 is closed, the control device 10 performs control to open the valve. Furthermore, for example, when the valve V3 provided in the line L22 is closed, the control device 10 performs control to open the valve.

[0062] More specifically, in this case, the control device 10 adjusts the amount of heated air G3 (combustion air) supplied to the incinerator 1 so that it falls within a predetermined range, for example, by adjusting the opening degree of the valve V2.

[0063] The control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1, for example, by appropriately adjusting the frequency of an inverter (not shown) attached to a motor (not shown) that drives the blower B2 (hereinafter simply referred to as the frequency of the blower B2).

[0064] Specifically, the control device 10, for example, refers to the measurement value of a pressure gauge installed inside the incinerator 1, and if it determines that the pressure inside the incinerator 1 is lower than the target pressure, it controls the amount of exhaust gas G2 attracted by the blower B2 by lowering the frequency of the blower B2.

[0065] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, increase the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so that the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure becomes smaller.

[0066] On the other hand, if the control device 10 determines, for example, by referring to the measurement value of a pressure gauge installed inside the incinerator 1, that the pressure inside the incinerator 1 is higher than the target pressure, it controls the amount of exhaust gas G2 attracted by the blower B2 by increasing the frequency of the blower B2.

[0067] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, reduce the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so as to reduce the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure.

[0068] In step S1 of FIG. 5, the control device 10 may acquire, for example, the frequency of the fan B2.

[0069] Then, during assist operation control, if it is determined that the acquired frequency of blower B2 is below a predetermined threshold (for example, the lower limit of the frequency range in which furnace pressure can be controlled by blower B2), the control device 10 may, for example, transition from assist operation control to independent operation control (step S2 in Figure 5).

[0070] In other words, for example, when the frequency of blower B2 falls below a threshold value as a result of lowering the frequency of blower B2 in accordance with an increase in the energy of the heated air G3 supplied to ejector 6, the control device 10 may determine that the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 can be controlled to the target pressure by only inducing exhaust gas G2 using the ejector 6, and may start autonomous operation control.

[0071] In addition, in step S1 of FIG. 5, the control device 10 may acquire, for example, the opening degree of the valve V1 provided in the bypass L15.

[0072] Then, during the autonomous operation control, if it is determined that the opening degree of the valve V1 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the control device 10 may transition from the autonomous operation control to the assisted operation control, for example, by performing the opening control of the valve V3 (step S3 in FIG. 5).

[0073] That is, in this case, for example, if the opening of valve V1 is increased as a result of a decrease in the energy of heated air G3 supplied to ejector 6, and the opening of valve V1 exceeds a threshold value, the control device 10 determines that the internal pressure of incinerator 1 cannot be controlled to the target pressure unless both the ejector 6 and the blower B2 are used to induce exhaust gas G2, in other words, unless control of the frequency of blower B2 is started, and selects to execute assist operation control.

[0074] Returning to FIG. 5, for example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the energy of the heated air G3 supplied to the ejector 6 is not enough to operate the ejector 6 (small amount of waste heat in step S1 of FIG. 5), it does not induce the exhaust gas G2 by the ejector 6, but instead controls the furnace pressure of the incinerator 1 by inducing the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2 (hereinafter also referred to as offline operation control or ejector offline operation control) (step S4 of FIG. 5).

[0075] In other words, in this case, the control device 10 determines that it is necessary to control the incinerator 1 so that the pressure inside the incinerator 1 reaches the target pressure by only inducing exhaust gas G2 using the blower B2, and selects to perform offline operation control.

[0076] Specifically, for example, when the blower B2 is stopped, the control device 10 performs start-up control of the blower B2, thereby starting the induction of the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2. Also, for example, when the valve V1 provided in the line L21 is open, the control device 10 performs control to close the valve. Also, for example, when the valve V2 provided in the line L25 is open, the control device 10 performs control to close the valve. Also, for example, when the valve V3 provided in the line L22 is closed, the control device 10 performs control to open the valve.

[0077] In this case, the control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1 by appropriately adjusting the frequency of the blower B2, in the same way as in the case of the assist operation control.

[0078] In step S1 of FIG. 5, the control device 10 may acquire, for example, the opening degree of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15.

[0079] Then, during offline operation control, if the acquired opening degree is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value (hereinafter also referred to as the first threshold value), the control device 10 may, for example, perform opening control of valve V1 and opening control of valve V2, and then transition from offline operation control to assist operation control by starting adjustment of the frequency of blower B2 (step S3 in Figure 5).

[0080] That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that, for example, unless the supply of heated air G3 to the ejector 6 is started, the amount of heated air G3 (air for combustion) supplied to the incinerator 1 cannot be controlled to fall within a predetermined range, and further, unless the frequency of the blower B2 is reduced in conjunction with the start of the supply of heated air G3 to the ejector 6, the pressure inside the incinerator 1 cannot be controlled to reach the target pressure, and selects to execute assist operation control.

[0081] In addition, in step S1 of FIG. 5, the control device 10 may acquire, for example, the opening degree of the valve V2 provided in the line L25.

[0082] Then, during assist operation control, if the acquired opening degree is less than a predetermined threshold value (hereinafter also referred to as the second threshold value), the control device 10 may transition from assist operation control to offline operation control, for example, by performing closing control of valve V1 and closing control of valve V2 (step S4 in Figure 5).

[0083] That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that, for example, as the energy of the heated air G3 supplied to the ejector 6 decreases, it is necessary to control the incinerator 1 so that the pressure inside the furnace reaches the target pressure by only inducing exhaust gas G2 using the blower B2, and selects to perform offline operation control.

[0084] Thus, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment includes, for example, a control device 10 that controls the supply unit 20. The control device 10 then controls the supply unit 20 to supply a portion of the heated air G3 heated by the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6, and to supply another portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger 2 to the turbine 7b.

[0085] Specifically, the control device 10 controls the supply unit 20 in accordance with the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, for example, and increases or decreases the amount of heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6.

[0086] More specifically, the control device 10 controls the supply unit 20 in accordance with the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, thereby appropriately switching between independent operation control, assisted operation control, and offline operation control.

[0087] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment is able to control the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 to a target pressure, even if, for example, the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 changes.

[0088] [Example of pressure control inside incinerator 1 (1)] Next, a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1 will be described. Figures 6 to 11 are diagrams for explaining a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. Note that the dashed lines in Figures 6 to 11 indicate that the valves provided on each line are closed.

[0089] First, the incineration system 100 will be described at the start timing of the incinerator 1 internal pressure control (start timing of offline operation control). Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the incineration system 100 at the start timing of the incinerator 1 internal pressure control.

[0090] 6, the control device 10, for example, performs control to open the valve V3 and control to close the valves V1 and V2. Then, the control device 10, for example, performs control to start the blower B2, and starts controlling the pressure inside the incinerator 1.

[0091] Next, the control device 10 performs, for example, opening control of valves V22 and V23, and closing control of valves V11, V21, and V24, as shown in Fig. 7. Then, the control device 10 performs, for example, startup control of blower B1, and starts control of supplying air to the incinerator 1 (hereinafter also referred to as supply control). Specifically, the air supplied by blower B1 is supplied to the incinerator 1 via part of line L14, line L22, part of line L11, part of line L12, line L53, and part of line L13, as shown in Fig. 7.

[0092] Furthermore, the control device 10 starts, for example, the introduction of fuel from a fuel gun (not shown) and the raising of temperature by a temperature-raising burner (not shown) in the incinerator 1. Then, the control device 10 starts the introduction of sludge into the incinerator 1 via, for example, line L41, and starts the incineration of the sludge in the incinerator 1.

[0093] Thereafter, the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) discharged from the incinerator 1 in association with the incineration of sludge in the incinerator 1 is supplied to the smoke washing treatment tower 4, for example, via line L1, line L2, and line L3, as shown in Figure 6, and then supplied to the chimney 5 via part of line L21, line L22, blower B2, part of line L23, and line L24, and released to the outside from the chimney 5.

[0094] That is, for example, when the incineration system 100 starts to control the furnace pressure of the incinerator 1, the control device 10 starts offline operation control by causing the blower B2 to draw in the exhaust gas G2.

[0095] This makes it possible for the control device 10 in this embodiment to start controlling the furnace pressure of the incinerator 1 even when, for example, the amount of waste heat in the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 is insufficient.

[0096] Next, the incineration system 100 at the start-up timing of the turbocharger 7 will be described. Figures 8 and 9 are diagrams illustrating the incineration system 100 at the start-up timing of the turbocharger 7. The start-up timing of the turbocharger 7 may be, for example, the timing when the temperature of the heated air G3 flowing through the line L12 has risen to a predetermined temperature (hereinafter also referred to as the first temperature).

[0097] For example, when it is determined from the measured values ​​that the temperature of the heated air G3 flowing through the line L12 has risen to the first temperature (the timing to start the turbocharger 7 has arrived), the control device 10 controls the valves V22 and V23 to close, as shown in Fig. 8, thereby supplying air (heated air G3) to the turbine 7b and rotating the turbine 7b. Then, in this case, the compressor 7a starts drawing air supplied from, for example, the blower B1.

[0098] Subsequently, for example, when it is determined from the measured values ​​that the temperature of the heated air G3 flowing through the line L12 has risen to a predetermined temperature (hereinafter also referred to as the second temperature) that is higher than the first temperature, the control device 10 performs control to open the valve V21 and stops the blower B1, for example, as shown in Fig. 9. That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that the energy of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 is sufficient as energy for operating the turbocharger 7, and controls the blower B1 to stop.

[0099] Thereafter, the control device 10 performs control to open the valve V11, for example, as shown in Fig. 9. Then, the control device 10 adjusts the opening degree of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15, for example, so that the flow rate of the heated air G3 (combustion air) flowing through the line L13 becomes a predetermined target value. That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that the energy of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 exceeds the energy required to operate the turbocharger 7, and performs control so that part of the energy of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 bypasses the turbine 7b.

[0100] This allows the control device 10 in this embodiment to start up the turbocharger 7 in accordance with an increase in the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1, for example.

[0101] The control device 10 may continue to activate the blower B1 even when the temperature of the heated air G3 flowing through the line L12 becomes equal to or higher than the second temperature, for example.

[0102] In the above example, the case where the temperature of the heated air G3 flowing through the line L12 is used to determine whether the turbocharger 7 has reached a timing such as a start timing is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, the control device 10 may determine whether the turbocharger 7 has reached a timing such as a start timing by using another index such as the temperature of the exhaust gas in the line L2, for example.

[0103] Next, the incineration system 100 at the timing when the incinerator 1 internal pressure control is shifted from offline operation control to assist operation control (hereinafter also referred to as the first shift timing) will be described. Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating the incineration system 100 at the first shift timing. Note that the first shift timing may be, for example, the timing when the opening of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15 becomes equal to or greater than the first threshold value.

[0104] For example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the opening degree of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15 has become equal to or greater than the first threshold (the first transition timing has arrived), the control device 10 starts supplying heated air G3 to the ejector 6, for example, by controlling the valve V2 to open, as shown in Fig. 10. That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that it has become possible to operate not only the turbocharger 7 but also the ejector 6 with the energy of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2, and controls so that part of the energy of the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 is supplied to the line L25. In addition, in this case, the control device 10 starts suction of the exhaust gas G2 by the ejector 6, for example, by controlling the valve V1 to open.

[0105] This allows the control device 10 in this embodiment to use, for example, part of the waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to start the ejector 6. Therefore, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment can start both the ejector 6 and the turbocharger 7 using the energy of the air (heated air G3) supplied from a single heat exchanger (heat exchanger 2), for example.

[0106] Next, the incineration system 100 at the timing when the incinerator 1's internal pressure control is shifted from assisted operation control to autonomous operation control (hereinafter also referred to as the second shift timing) will be described. Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating the incineration system 100 at the second shift timing. Note that the second shift timing may be, for example, the timing when the frequency of blower B2 drops to the lower limit of the range of frequencies at which blower B2 can control the incinerator pressure (hereinafter also referred to as the controllable lower limit).

[0107] For example, when the control device 10 determines from each line measurement value that the frequency of the fan B2 has dropped to the controllable lower limit, it performs, for example, control to stop the fan B2, as shown in Fig. 11. Specifically, the control device 10, for example, further reduces the frequency of the fan B2 to the lower limit of the settable value, and then stops the fan B2. In this case, the control device 10 also performs, for example, control to close the valve V3.

[0108] That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the ejector 6 has become sufficient, and starts induced exhaust gas G2 only by the ejector 6. Then, in this case, the control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1 by the valve V1 instead of the blower B2 that has been stopped.

[0109] This allows the control device 10 in this embodiment to control the pressure inside the incinerator 1 by the ejector 6, for example.

[0110] Thus, in this embodiment, the supply unit 20 includes, for example, a valve V11 that adjusts the amount of heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the turbine 7b. The control device 10 controls the aperture of the valve V11 in accordance with the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, and when the aperture of the valve V11 becomes equal to or greater than a first threshold, starts the fan B2 and controls the supply unit 20 to supply a portion of the heated air G3 from the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6, thereby transitioning from offline operation control in which the exhaust gas G2 is drawn to the fan B2 to assist operation control in which the exhaust gas G2 is drawn to both the fan B2 and the ejector 6. The control device 10 also controls the aperture of the valve V2 in accordance with the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, and when the aperture of the valve V2 becomes less than a second threshold, controls the supply unit 20 to stop the supply of heated air G3 from the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6, thereby transitioning from assist operation control to offline operation control.

[0111] In addition, the control device 10 controls the blower B2 to stop and the supply unit 20 depending on the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, for example, and transitions from assisted operation control to independent operation control by stopping the supply of part of the exhaust gas G2 to the blower B2.

[0112] Specifically, the control device 10 controls the frequency of the blower B2 according to the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, and when the frequency falls below a predetermined threshold, stops the blower B2 and controls the supply unit 20 to stop the supply of exhaust gas G2 from the heat exchanger 2 to the blower B2, thereby shifting from ejector-assisted operation control to ejector-sustained operation control. The predetermined threshold is, for example, the lower limit of the frequency range in which the pressure inside the incinerator 1 can be controlled by the blower B2.

[0113] In addition, the control device 10 controls the start-up of the blower B2 and controls the supply unit 20, for example, depending on the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, and transitions from independent operation control to assisted operation control by supplying a portion of the exhaust gas G2 to the blower B2.

[0114] In addition, the control device 10 controls the supply unit 20 according to the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, for example, and transitions from assist operation control to offline operation control by stopping the supply of a portion of the heated air G3 heated by the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6.

[0115] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment is able to control the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 to a target pressure, even if, for example, the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 changes.

[0116] [Modification (1) of the first embodiment] Next, a modified example of the first embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as the first modified example) will be described. Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of a part of the incineration system 100 in the first modified example.

[0117] 12, for example, two bypasses L15 (hereinafter also referred to as bypass L15a and bypass L15b, respectively) may be provided between the line L12 and the line L13. The control device 10 may adjust the opening of the valve V11 (hereinafter also referred to as valve V11a) provided in the bypass L15a to be within a predetermined range by adjusting the opening of the valve V11 (hereinafter also referred to as valve V11b) provided in the bypass L15b.

[0118] This makes it possible for the incineration system 100 to precisely adjust the amount of heated air G3 supplied to the turbine 7b from the heat exchanger 2. The incineration system 100 may have, for example, three or more bypasses L15.

[0119] [Modification (2) of the first embodiment] Next, a modified example of the first embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as a second modified example) will be described. Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of a part of the incineration system 100 in the second modified example.

[0120] As shown in Fig. 13, for example, a bypass L16 may be provided between the line L11 and the line L13. That is, the incineration system 100 may have, for example, a bypass L16 instead of the bypass L15. The control device 10 may adjust the opening of a valve V12 provided in the bypass L16 instead of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15.

[0121] As a result, in the incineration system 100, it becomes possible to adjust the supply amount of heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the turbine 7b using a configuration different from the configuration described with reference to FIG. 1, etc.

[0122] [Modification (3) of the first embodiment] Next, a modified example of the first embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as a third modified example) will be described. Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 100 in the third modified example.

[0123] In the example described in Figure 1 etc., the ejector 6 and the blower B2 are arranged in parallel. In contrast, the ejector 6 and the blower B2 may be arranged in series as shown in Figure 14. Below, an example configuration of the incineration system 100 in the third modified example will be described. Note that below, differences from the example configuration of the incineration system 100 described in Figure 1 etc. will be described.

[0124] The ejector 6, for example, uses energy (thermal energy) of air (heated air G3) supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via line L25 to induce the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 via line L26. The line L26 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the smoke scrubbing tower 4 with the upstream side of the inlet for the flue gas G2 in the ejector 6. Specifically, the ejector 6 induces the flue gas G2 (flue gas G1) via, for example, line L1, line L2, line L3, and line L26. The ejector 6 then supplies the induced flue gas G2 to the chimney 5 via, for example, line L27, blower B2, and line L28. The ejector 6 also supplies the induced flue gas G2 to the chimney 5 via, for example, a part of line L27 and line L29. The line L27 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the ejector 6 with the upstream side of the fan B2. The line L28 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the fan B2 with the upstream side of the chimney 5. The line L29 is, for example, a pipe that connects a portion of the line L27 between the downstream side of the ejector 6 and the upstream side of the valve V4 and a portion of the line L28 between the downstream side of the fan B2 and the upstream side of the chimney 5.

[0125] More specifically, the control device 10, for example, controls the opening of a valve V2 provided on the line L25, thereby supplying the heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via the line L12 to the ejector 6. Then, the ejector 6 attracts the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke washing tower 4 via the line L26, for example, by the flow of the heated air G3 flowing into the ejector 6 (the flow within the ejector 6).

[0126] The blower B2 draws the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4, for example, via the ejector 6. Specifically, the blower B2 draws the flue gas G2, for example, via the line L1, the line L2, the line L3, the line L26, the ejector 6, and the line L27. Then, the blower B2 supplies the drawn flue gas G2 to the chimney 5, for example, via the line L28.

[0127] [Example of pressure control inside incinerator 1 (2)] Next, a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1 in the third modified example will be described.

[0128] First, the incineration system 100 at the start timing of the incinerator 1 internal pressure control (start timing of offline operation control) will be described.

[0129] The control device 10, for example, controls the opening of valve V4 provided on line L27. Then, the control device 10, for example, controls the start-up of blower B2 and starts controlling the pressure inside the incinerator 1. Note that, for example, when valve V2 is open, the control device 10 controls it to close. Also, for example, when valve V5 provided on line L29 is open, the control device 10 controls it to close.

[0130] Next, the incineration system 100 at the first transition timing when the incinerator 1 internal pressure control is transitioned from offline operation control to assist operation control will be described.

[0131] For example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the opening degree of the valve V11 provided in the bypass L15 has become equal to or greater than the first threshold value (the first transition timing has arrived), it starts supplying heated air G3 to the ejector 6 by controlling the valve V2 to open.

[0132] Next, the incineration system 100 at the second transition timing when the incinerator 1 internal pressure control is transitioned from assisted operation control to autonomous operation control will be described.

[0133] For example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the frequency of the fan B2 has dropped to the controllable lower limit (the lower limit of the frequency range in which the furnace pressure can be controlled by the fan B2), it performs control to stop the fan B2. Specifically, for example, the control device 10 further lowers the frequency of the fan B2 to the lower limit of the settable value, and then stops the fan B2. In this case, the control device 10 also performs control to close the valve V4 and open the valve V5, for example.

[0134] As a result, in the incineration system 100, it becomes possible to control the pressure inside the furnace using a configuration different from the configuration described with reference to FIG. 1, for example.

[0135] [Modification (4) of the first embodiment] Next, a modified example of the first embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as the fourth modified example) will be described. Figure 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 100 in the fourth modified example. Also, Figure 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the detailed configuration of a part of the incineration system 100 in the fourth modified example.

[0136] In the example described in Figure 1 etc., a case has been described in which the ejector 6 uses the energy of heated air G3 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to induce the exhaust gas G2. In contrast, as shown in Figure 15, the ejector 6 may use, for example, the energy of air (hereinafter also referred to as heated air G4) supplied from a heat exchanger (heat exchanger 8) different from the heat exchanger 2 to induce the exhaust gas G2. Below, an example configuration of the incineration system 100 in the fourth modified example will be described. Also below, differences from the example configuration of the incineration system 100 described in Figure 1 etc. will be described.

[0137] As shown in Figure 15, the incineration system 100 has, for example, a heat exchanger 8, a supercharger 9, and a blower B3 (hereinafter also referred to as the third blower B3). That is, the incineration system 100 shown in Figure 15 differs from the incineration system 100 described in Figure 1 etc. in that it has a supercharger 9 instead of the supercharger 7. Furthermore, the incineration system 100 shown in Figure 15 also differs from the incineration system 100 described in Figure 1 etc. in that it further has a heat exchanger 8. Note that, although the following description will be given of a case in which the incineration system 100 does not have a supercharger 7, the incineration system 100 may also have, for example, a supercharger 7, a heat exchanger 8, and a supercharger 9.

[0138] As shown in Fig. 15, the heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat between, for example, exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 via line L1 and air supplied from the blower B1 via line L17. Line L17 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the blower B1 with the upstream side of the air inlet of the heat exchanger 2. Then, heated air G3 heated by the heat exchanger 2 is supplied to the incinerator 1 (fluidized bed 1a in the incinerator 1) as combustion air via, for example, line L18. Line L18 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the air outlet of the heat exchanger 2 with the upstream side of the air inlet of the incinerator 1.

[0139] The supercharger 9 includes, for example, a compressor 9a and a turbine 9b connected via a rotary shaft 9c.

[0140] The blower B3 supplies air to the compressor 9a via, for example, a line L34. The line L34 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the blower B3 with the upstream side of the compressor 9a. The configuration around the turbocharger 9 will be described below.

[0141] As shown in Figure 16, the compressor 9a compresses, for example, air supplied from the blower B3 via line L34 or air (outside air) supplied via line L61. Line L61 is a pipe that communicates with, for example, a location on line L34 between the downstream side of the blower B3 and the upstream side of the compressor 9a, and is capable of supplying air to the upstream side of the compressor 9a. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, air is supplied to the compressor 9a by, for example, controlling the opening of a valve V41 provided on line L61. In the example shown in Figure 16, line L61 communicates with line L34 upstream of the location where line L64 branches off from line L34.

[0142] The compressor 9a supplies compressed air to the heat exchanger 8 via, for example, a line L31. The line L31 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the compressor 9a to the upstream side of the air inlet of the heat exchanger 2.

[0143] The heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via a line L4 and the air supplied from the blower B3 via a line L34. The line L4 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 for the exhaust gas G1 with the upstream side of the inlet of the heat exchanger 8 for the exhaust gas G1.

[0144] Specifically, the heat exchanger 8 uses, for example, the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via the line L4 (i.e., the waste heat of the incinerator 1) to heat the air supplied via the line L31 (e.g., compressed air supplied from the compressor 9a), and supplies the heated air (heated air G3) to the turbine 9b via the line L32. The line L32 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the air outlet in the heat exchanger 8 with the upstream side of the turbine 9b.

[0145] The heat exchanger 8 then supplies the exhaust gas G1 after heat exchange to the dust collector 3 via, for example, a line L5. The line L5 is, for example, a pipe connecting the downstream side of the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 for the exhaust gas G1 to the upstream side of the dust collector 3.

[0146] The turbine 9b rotates the rotary shaft 9c by using, for example, energy (thermal energy) of the heated air G4 supplied from the heat exchanger 8. The compressor 9a is driven in accordance with the rotation of the rotary shaft 9c by the turbine 9b to generate compressed air, and supplies the generated compressed air to the heat exchanger 8.

[0147] The turbine 9b then supplies the heated air G4 to the chimney 5 via, for example, a line L33. The line L33 is, for example, a pipe that connects the downstream side of the turbine 9b and the upstream side of the chimney 5.

[0148] Furthermore, for example, a line L62 is provided between line L34 and line L31. Line L62 is, for example, a pipe that connects a point on line L34 between the downstream side of blower B3 and the upstream side of compressor 9a with a point on line L31 between the downstream side of compressor 9a and the upstream side of the air inlet of heat exchanger 2. Specifically, in incineration system 100, for example, by controlling the opening of valve V42 provided on line L62, air supplied from blower B3 via line L34 or air (outside air) supplied via line L61 is directly supplied to heat exchanger 8.

[0149] Furthermore, for example, a line L63 and a bypass L35 are provided between the line L32 and the line L33. The line L63 and the bypass L35 are each a pipe that connects, for example, a portion of the line L32 between the downstream side of the air outlet of the heat exchanger 8 and the upstream side of the turbine 9b with a portion of the line L33 between the downstream side of the turbine 9b and the upstream side of the chimney 5. The line L63 and the bypass L35 each supply, for example, heated air G4 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 directly to the chimney 5, bypassing the turbine 9b.

[0150] That is, the line L63 is a pipe used, for example, when the heated air G4 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 is supplied directly to the chimney 5 without passing through the turbine 9b (bypassing the turbine 9b). Specifically, in the incineration system 100, the heated air G4 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 is supplied directly to the chimney 5 by, for example, controlling the opening of the valve V43 provided on the line L63.

[0151] Moreover, the bypass L35 is a pipe used, for example, when adjusting the supply amount of heated air G4 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 to the turbine 9b. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, by performing open and close control of the valve V31 provided in the bypass L35, control is performed so that a portion of the heated air G4 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 passes through the bypass L35, thereby adjusting the supply amount of heated air G4 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 to the turbine 9b.

[0152] Furthermore, between line L34 and line L33, for example, a line L64 is provided that directly supplies air supplied from blower B3 via line L34 to chimney 5. Line L64, for example, connects a portion of line L34 between the downstream side of blower B3 and the upstream side of compressor 9a, and a portion of line L33 between the downstream side of turbine 9b and the upstream side of chimney 5. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, by controlling the opening of valve V44 provided on line L64, air supplied from blower B3 via line L34 is directly supplied to chimney 5. In the example shown in FIG. 16, line L64 connects a portion downstream of the point where line L61 joins line L34 and an upstream side of the point where line L62 branches off from line L34, and further connects to a portion downstream of the point where line L63 joins line L33.

[0153] In this manner, in the incineration system 100 of this modified example, for example, the supply unit 20 supplies the heated air G4 discharged from the turbine 9b to the chimney 5.

[0154] The incineration system 100 also includes, for example, a blower B3 that blows air. The supply unit 20 supplies the air supplied from the blower B3 to the compressor 9a, and supplies the air supplied from at least one of the blower B3 and the compressor 9a to the heat exchanger 8.

[0155] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this modified example can reduce the power required to drive the blower B2, for example.

[0156] [Modification (5) of the first embodiment] Next, a modification of the first embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as a fifth modification) will be described.

[0157] 1 and the like, when it becomes impossible to perform assist operation control of the ejector 6 due to a decrease in the amount of waste heat, the operation shifts to offline operation control and the ejector 6 stops. In contrast, the incineration system 100 may, for example, forcibly stop the ejector 6 as necessary.

[0158] Specifically, the control device 10 may control the supply of heated air G3 in the supply unit 20 in response to receiving a signal instructing the ejector 6 to stop (hereinafter also referred to as a stop signal), and stop the supply of heated air G3 heated by the heat exchanger 2 to the ejector 6. Hereinafter, a flowchart of the furnace pressure control in the fifth modified example will be described.

[0159] [Flowchart of furnace pressure control] FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating the furnace pressure control process in the fifth modified example.

[0160] As shown in Fig. 17, the control device 10 executes the processing from step S11 onwards in Fig. 17, for example, in response to receiving a stop signal instructing the ejector 6 to stop. The stop signal may be, for example, a stop instruction signal transmitted from an operation panel when an operator presses a stop instruction button (not shown) on the operation panel of the incineration system 100. The stop signal may also be, for example, an alarm signal transmitted in response to a failure detection system (not shown) of the ejector 6 detecting a predetermined failure.

[0161] Specifically, the control device 10 determines the current operation control being performed in the incineration system 100 in response to, for example, receiving a stop signal instructing the ejector 6 to stop (step S11 in FIG. 17). Note that the information storage area 130 in the control device 10 may store, for example, information indicating that any one of the autonomous operation control, assisted operation control, and offline operation control is being performed (hereinafter also referred to as execution control information). The control device 10 may then execute step S11 by, for example, referring to the execution control information.

[0162] As a result, when it is determined that the current operation control is the independent operation control (independent operation control in step S11 of FIG. 17), the control device 10, for example, transitions from the independent operation control to the assisted operation control (step S12 of FIG. 17).

[0163] Specifically, in this case, the control device 10, for example, controls the start-up of the blower B2 and controls the opening of the valve V3 (see FIG. 10), thereby starting the attraction of the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2 and transitioning from independent operation control to assisted operation control.

[0164] Then, for example, after step S12, the control device 10 further shifts from the assist operation control to the offline operation control (step S13 in FIG. 17).

[0165] Specifically, in this case, the control device 10 stops the supply of heated air G3 to the ejector 6 and stops the supply of exhaust gas G2 to the ejector 6, for example, by performing closing control of valves V1 and V2 (see Figure 6), and transitions from assist operation control to offline operation control.

[0166] On the other hand, when it is determined that the current operation control is the assist operation control (assist operation control in step S11 in FIG. 17), the control device 10, for example, shifts from the assist operation control to the offline operation control (step S13 in FIG. 17).

[0167] This allows the control device 10 in this modified example to, for example, voluntarily stop the ejector 6. That is, the control device 10 in this embodiment can stop the ejector 6 while continuing to incinerate the sludge by continuing to control the internal pressure in the incinerator 1, even if the amount of waste heat has not decreased, for example. [Explanation of symbols]

[0168] 1: Incinerator 1a: Fluidized bed 2: Heat exchanger 3: Dust collector 4: Smoke washing tower 5: Chimney 6: Ejector 7: Turbocharger 7a: Compressor 7b: Turbine 7c: Rotating shaft 8: Heat exchanger 9: Turbocharger 9a: Compressor 9b: Turbine 9c: Rotating shaft 10: Control device 20: Supply unit 100: Incineration system B1: Blower B2: Blower B3: Blower L1: Line L2: Line L3: Line L4: Line L5: Line L11: Line L12: Line L13: Line L14: Line L15: Bypass L16: Bypass L17: Line L18: Line L21: Line L22: Line L23: Line L24: Line L25: Line L26: Line L27: Line L28: Line L29: Line L31: Bypass L32: Line L33: Line L34: Line L35: Bypass L41: Line L51: Line L52: Line L53: Line L54: Line L61: Line L62: Line L63: Line L64: Line V1: Valve V2: Valve V3: Valve V4: Valve V5: Valve V11: Valve V21: Valve V22: Valve V23: Valve V24: Valve V31: Valve V41: Valve V42: Valve V43: Valve V44: Valve

Claims

1. an incinerator for incinerating the material to be treated; a supercharger including a compressor that compresses at least a portion of air to generate compressed air and a turbine that drives the compressor; a heat exchanger that heats the air containing the compressed air using exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; an ejector that induces and blows the exhaust gas from the heat exchanger by the flow of the air heated by the heat exchanger; a first fan that draws in the exhaust gas and blows it; an incineration system comprising: a supply unit that supplies a portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the ejector, supplies another portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the turbine, and supplies the exhaust gas blown from the first blower and the exhaust gas blown from the ejector to a chimney.

2. The incineration system of claim 1 , wherein the supply unit supplies the air discharged from the turbine to the incinerator.

3. The incineration system of claim 1 , wherein the supply unit supplies the air exhausted from the turbine to the chimney.

4. a control device for controlling the supply unit, 2. The incineration system of claim 1, wherein the control device controls the supply unit to supply a portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the ejector and to supply another portion of the air heated by the heat exchanger to the turbine.

5. 5. The incineration system according to claim 4, wherein the control device controls the supply unit in accordance with the amount of waste heat from the incinerator to increase or decrease the amount of air supplied from the heat exchanger to the ejector.

6. the supply unit has a valve for adjusting the amount of air supplied from the heat exchanger to the turbine, The control device controls the opening degree of the valve according to the amount of waste heat from the incinerator, and when the opening degree of the valve becomes equal to or greater than a first threshold, starts up and controls the first blower and the supply unit, thereby supplying a portion of the air from the heat exchanger to the ejector, thereby transitioning from ejector offline operation control in which the exhaust gas is attracted to the first blower to ejector assisted operation control in which the exhaust gas is attracted to both the first blower and the ejector. The incineration system described in claim 5.

7. The incineration system described in claim 5, wherein the control device controls the supply unit according to the amount of waste heat from the incinerator, and by stopping the supply of part of the exhaust gas to the first blower, transitions from ejector-assisted operation control, in which the exhaust gas is attracted to each of the first blower and the ejector, to ejector-independent operation control, in which the exhaust gas is attracted to the ejector.

Images