Skeleton unit and skeleton construction method

Abstract

To provide a skeleton unit capable of easily forming a skeleton, and a construction method of the skeleton.SOLUTION: A skeleton unit is provided with a floor slab 20, a support part 30 including at least one of a column and a wall, a connection part 40 for connecting the floor slab 20 and the support part 30 variably in a tilted state P1 in which the support part 30 is tilted with respect to the floor slab 20 and a standing state P2 in which the support part 30 stands with respect to the floor slab 20, and a joint part 25 provided on the floor slab 20 and capable of joining the floor slab 20 and the other adjacent floor slab 21.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a skeleton unit and a skeleton construction method. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, foldable room units have been provided (for example, Patent Document 1). The room unit disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a floor and a wall connected to the floor by a hinge. The room unit is configured so that the wall can stand upright relative to the floor by rotating the wall around the hinge. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2023-538675 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the conventional technology, one room is formed using one room unit, and therefore, in the conventional technology, it is not possible to form a structure larger than a room, such as a skeleton that forms the framework of a building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The structural unit that solves the above problem is a structural unit configured to be joined to other structures to form a structural body, and comprises a floor slab, a support portion including at least one of a column and a wall, a connecting portion that connects the floor slab and the support portion so as to be changeable between a tilted state in which the support portion is tilted relative to the floor slab and an upright state in which the support portion is upright relative to the floor slab, and a joint portion that is provided on the floor slab and can be joined to another floor slab adjacent to the floor slab.

[0006] A construction method for a structure that solves the above-mentioned problem is a construction method for a structure that uses a structure unit that includes a floor slab, a support part including at least one of a column and a wall, a connecting part that connects the floor slab and the support part so that the state can be changed between an inclined state in which the support part is inclined relative to the floor slab and an upright state in which the support part is upright relative to the floor slab, and a joint part that is provided on the floor slab and can be joined to another floor slab adjacent to the floor slab, and includes the steps of: raising the support part to change the structure unit from the inclined state to the upright state; and using the joint part to join the floor slab to the other floor slab to form part or all of the structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present disclosure, the body can be easily formed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structural unit and the structural construction method. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a body unit. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the construction method for the structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] An embodiment of a skeleton unit and a skeleton construction method will be described below. <Outline of the structural unit> As shown in Fig. 1, a skeleton unit 10 is configured to be joined with other structures to form a skeleton 12 of a building 11. The other structures are components of the skeleton 12, and may be, for example, other skeleton units 10, parts different from the skeleton unit 10, or portions different from the skeleton unit 10.

[0010] The body units 10 are manufactured in a factory 14 located at a different location from the construction site 13. The body units 10 may be transported from the factory 14 to the construction site 13 using a transport device such as a vehicle 15. The body units 10 are used to form the body 12 at the construction site 13.

[0011] 2, the body unit 10 includes a floor slab 20, a support portion 30 that supports an upper structure 17 formed on the upper portion of the body unit 10, and a connecting portion 40 that connects the floor slab 20 and the support portion 30. The upper structure 17 may be, for example, another body unit 10, a beam 50, and a roof (not shown).

[0012] <Floor slab> The deck 20 may be, for example, a precast concrete deck made of reinforced concrete. However, the deck 20 may also be made of wood, for example. The deck 20 is a rectangular plate when viewed vertically. The deck 20 has, for example, an end 22a disposed on the outside of the skeleton 12, ends 22b and 22c extending in a horizontal direction intersecting (preferably perpendicular to) the end 22a, and an end 22d located opposite the end 22a.

[0013] Each of the end portions 22b to 22d is formed with a joint 25 as an example of a joint that can be joined to another structure (for example, a deck slab). Each of the joints 25 may include one or more reinforcing bars 25a. Each of the reinforcing bars 25a extends, for example, horizontally from the tip end surface of each of the end portions 22b to 22d. Each of the reinforcing bars 25a may be a portion of a reinforcing bar embedded in the deck slab 20 that protrudes outward. Each of the joints 25 may include one or more shear key structures 25b. The shear key structures 25b may be protrusions extending in one or more rows along the extension direction of each of the end portions 22b to 22d.

[0014] <Support part> The support portion 30 includes, for example, a wall 31. The wall 31 may be, for example, a precast concrete wall material made of reinforced concrete or steel-reinforced concrete, or may be made of wood. The support portion 30 serves as both a wall and a column. The support portion 30 has a beam support portion 32 to which a beam 50 is fixed, as an example of a portion that can be joined to another structure. The beam 50 is a beam material for steel construction. The steel beam may be, for example, a square steel pipe beam, an H-shaped steel beam, or a truss. The beam 50 may also be made of wood.

[0015] <Connection part> The connecting portion 40 is configured to connect the deck slab 20 and the supporting portion 30 so as to be changeable between a tilted state P1 in which the supporting portion 30 is tilted relative to the deck slab 20 and an upright state P2 in which the supporting portion 30 is upright relative to the deck slab 20. The connecting portion 40 is, for example, a hinge 41. The hinge 41 may be fixed to the surfaces of the deck slab 20 and the supporting portion 30, or may be fixed to recesses formed in each of the deck slab 20 and the supporting portion 30.

[0016] The support portion 30 is fixed to a portion of the upper surface 20a of the deck slab 20 on the end portion 22a side. For example, when the deck slab is in the tilted position P1, the support portion 30 extends horizontally. For example, when the deck slab is in the upright position P2, the support portion 30 extends vertically. For example, when the deck slab is in the upright position P2, it is preferable that the outer surface of the support portion 30 be flush with the end surface of the end portion 22a.

[0017] <Framework construction method> As shown in FIG. 3, in step S101, a skeleton unit 10 is prepared. The skeleton unit 10 is manufactured, for example, in a factory 14. The skeleton unit 10 is transported to a construction site 13, for example, using a vehicle 15. This completes the preparation of the skeleton unit 10. In step S102, a foundation 52 is created at the construction site 13 (see FIG. 1). The foundation 52 may be a pile foundation or a spread foundation.

[0018] In step S103, one or more body units 10 are fixed to the lower structure 18 (see FIG. 1). In step S103, for example, two body units 10 are arranged so as to be located at both ends of the planned installation position of the beam 50. Here, when creating the first story of the body 12, the lower structure 18 is the foundation 52. When creating the Nth story of the body 12, the lower structure 18 is a structure that constitutes the (N-1)th story of the body 12, and includes the body units 10 and the beams 50 (where N is 2 or more).

[0019] One or more floor slabs 21 having a configuration similar to the floor slab 20 may be fixed between two body units 10 aligned in the direction in which the beams 50 extend (see FIG. 1). In other words, the entire floor of the Nth floor may be created by lining up the floor slabs 20, 21 side by side. Each floor slab 21 may have a joint 25 on the end face facing the floor slab 20 or 21 of the body unit 10. The floor slabs 21 may be manufactured, for example, in a factory 14 and transported to the construction site 13.

[0020] In step S104, the support parts 30 of the skeleton units 10 are fixed in an upright state so as not to tilt. That is, the skeleton units 10 are changed from a tilted state P1 to an upright state P2 (see arrow 35 in FIG. 2). In addition, it is preferable to erect one or more support parts 30a having a configuration similar to the support part 30 on each floor slab 21 (see FIG. 1). The support parts 30a may be walls or pillars. The support parts 30a are manufactured, for example, in a factory 14 and transported to the construction site 13.

[0021] In step S105, the gap 26 between the adjacent deck slabs 20, 21 is filled with a filler material 27 to join the deck slabs 20, 21 together (see FIG. 1). The filler material 27 is, for example, fiber-reinforced concrete.

[0022] In step S106, the beam 50 is fixed so as to straddle the beam support portions 32 of each skeleton unit 10 installed on the Nth floor. In step S106, the beam 50 may be fixed to each support portion 30a. That is, the support portions 30, 30a are connected to each other by the beam 50.

[0023] In step S107, it is determined whether the Nth story is the top story. If the Nth story is not the top story, the N+1th story is designated as the new Nth story, and the process returns to step S103. The Nth story of the skeleton 12 becomes the upper structure 17 when viewed from the N-1th story, and becomes the lower structure 18 when viewed from the N+1th story.

[0024] On the other hand, if the Nth story is the top story, in step S108, roof panels and necessary structures (not shown) are fixed to one or more beams 50 installed on the Nth story. Thereafter, the construction method for the skeleton 12 ends. Note that the construction method for the skeleton 12 may also include steps of installing exterior walls and diagonal members.

[0025] <Operation of this embodiment> Conventionally, the skeleton 12 is constructed through, for example, steps of erecting steel columns, installing beams, assembling formwork and reinforcing bars, pouring concrete, and installing exterior walls. All of these steps have been carried out at the construction site 13. This has posed a problem in that the construction period at the construction site 13 tends to be long.

[0026] In contrast, the body unit 10 can have the support parts 30 stand upright relative to the floor slab 20 using the connecting parts 40. The body unit 10 can then be joined to another floor slab 21 by using the joint parts 25 provided on the floor slab 20. The floor slab 20 can also be joined not only to the floor slab 21, but also to the floor slabs 20 provided on other body units 10. This allows the body 12 to be formed easily.

[0027] The skeleton unit 10 of this embodiment is manufactured in a factory 14 and then transported to the construction site 13. This eliminates the steps of assembling formwork and reinforcing bars. Furthermore, in conventional construction methods, welding is sometimes required in the step of erecting steel columns. In the skeleton unit 10 of this embodiment, the walls 31, which are the support parts 30, also serve as columns. This eliminates the need for welding work at the construction site 13, thereby shortening the construction period at the construction site 13.

[0028] The support portions 30 include beam support portions 32. This simplifies the process of connecting the support portions 30 of the skeleton units 10 together using the beams 50. The deck slab 20 includes joint portions 25. This allows the deck slabs 20, 21 to be joined together simply and firmly by filling them with filler material 27. The joint portions 25 include, for example, reinforcing bars 25a and shear key structures 25b. This allows the joint portions 25 to be easily created in the deck slab 20 by precasting.

[0029] <Effects of this embodiment> The effects of the embodiment will be described. (1) In this embodiment, the main body 12 can be easily created by raising the support portion 30 and using the joint portion 25 to join adjacent deck slabs 20 and 21.

[0030] (2) The floor slab 20 is a precast concrete floor slab. Therefore, the construction period at the construction site 13 can be shortened compared to when the entire floor of each floor is fabricated at the construction site 13. (3) In particular, the floors of each floor are constructed by arranging the floor slabs 20, 21, which are entirely made of precast concrete, so that the construction period at the construction site 13 can be further shortened.

[0031] (3) The deck 20 is provided with a joint 25. Therefore, the deck 20 can be firmly joined to other structures using a filler 27. The same applies to the deck 21. (4) The joint 25 includes the reinforcing bars 25a and the shear key structure 25b. Therefore, the deck slab 20 having the joint 25 can be easily manufactured.

[0032] (5) The support portion 30 includes a beam support portion 32. Therefore, by installing the beam 50, a plurality of body units 10 can be easily connected to each other. <Example of change> This embodiment can be modified as follows: This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined and implemented within the scope of technical compatibility.

[0033] The support portion 30 of the skeleton unit 10 may have an opening such as a window or a doorway. The support portion 30 may be configured to include a pillar in addition to or instead of the wall 31. For example, the pillar may be made of steel, reinforced concrete, steel-reinforced concrete, or wood.

[0034] The body unit 10 may include a plurality of support portions 30. For example, the body unit 10 may include a plurality of divided walls 31. For example, the body unit 10 may include a plurality of columns, or may include one or more columns and one or more walls. The plurality of support portions 30 may be connected to the deck slab 20 by respective connecting portions 40.

[0035] The wall 31 constituting the support portion 30 may be an exterior wall. Also, the body unit 10 may have an exterior wall separate from the support portion 30. In this modified example, the exterior wall may be fixed to the support portion 30.

[0036] The skeleton units 10 may be used to form underground floors. The skeleton units 10 do not necessarily have to be used to form all floors of the skeleton 12. The skeleton units 10 may be used to form only some of the floors of the skeleton 12.

[0037] The support portion 30a may be connected to the floor slab 21 so as to be able to change between the tilted state P1 and the upright state P2, similar to the support portion 30. In other words, the body unit 10 may be configured to include the floor slab 21, the support portion 30a, and the connecting portion 40. In this modified example, the support portion 30a is not limited to being connected to the side edge portion of the floor slab 21 so as to be able to stand up. For example, the support portion 30a may be connected to the center portion of the floor slab 21 so as to be able to stand up.

[0038] The body 12 is not limited to being formed using body units 10 of the same configuration. The body 12 may be formed using multiple types of body units 10, including the body units 10 of the modified examples described above.

[0039] The floor between two structural units 10 may be created at the construction site 13 instead of using a deck 21. Joints may be used to join one deck to another deck to form not only part of the structural body, but also the entire structure.

[0040] The skeleton unit 10 does not have to include one or both of the reinforcing bars 25a and the shear key structures 25b as the joints 25. The skeleton unit 10 does not have to include the beam support portions 32.

[0041] The technical ideas that can be understood from the above-described embodiment and modified examples will be described. (Note 1) The precast concrete deck is made of reinforced concrete. (Appendix 2) The pillars are steel pillars. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] P1...tilted state, P2...upright state, S101~S108...step, 10...structure unit, 11...building, 12...structure, 13...construction site, 14...factory, 15...vehicle, 17...superstructure, 18...substructure, 20...deck, 20a...top, 21...deck, 22a...end, 22b...end, 22c...end, 22d...end, 25...joint, 25a...reinforcing bar, 25b...shear key structure, 26...gap, 27...material, 30...support, 30a...support, 31...wall, 32...beam support, 40...connection, 41...hinge, 50...beam, 52...foundation.

Claims

1. A skeleton unit configured to be joined with other structures to form a skeleton, The deck and a support portion including at least one of a pillar and a wall; a connecting portion that connects the floor slab and the support portion so as to be changeable between a tilted state in which the support portion is tilted relative to the floor slab and an upright state in which the support portion is upright relative to the floor slab; A body unit provided on the floor slab and having a joint that can be joined to another floor slab adjacent to the floor slab.

2. The deck is a precast concrete deck, The structural unit according to claim 1, wherein the joint includes at least one of a reinforcing bar protruding from the end face of the precast concrete deck and a shear key structure formed on the end face of the precast concrete deck.

3. 3. The body unit according to claim 1, wherein the support portion includes a beam support portion that supports a beam that is arranged so as to straddle the body unit and another structure.

4. The deck and a support portion including at least one of a pillar and a wall; a connecting portion that connects the floor slab and the support portion so as to be changeable between a tilted state in which the support portion is tilted relative to the floor slab and an upright state in which the support portion is upright relative to the floor slab; A construction method for a skeleton using a skeleton unit provided on the floor slab and having a joint that can be joined to another floor slab adjacent to the floor slab, raising the support portion to change the body unit from the inclined state to the upright state; A method for constructing a structure, comprising: a step of joining the deck slab and the other deck slab using the joint to form part or all of the structure.

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