Construction body and method for producing a concrete component

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction body for concreting in during the production of a concrete component, such as a concrete floor or a concrete foundation or a bridge pier or a pile cap of a pile foundation. The construction body has a shell which surrounds a cavity and which is produced from concrete and which has a shell volume which lies in the range from 0.2 to 0.7 of the total volume of the construction body.

Description

[0001] Structural element and method for producing a concrete component

[0002] The invention relates to a structural element and a method for manufacturing a concrete component.

[0003] When manufacturing large concrete components, the heat generated within the concrete, known as heat of hydration, can lead to significant problems. This heat arises from the chemical reaction of cement with water and becomes increasingly important as the volume of the concrete component grows. During the setting and hardening of concrete, cement reacts with water, releasing heat. In large concrete components, this can cause problems because the heat is poorly dissipated, leading to significant heating. The temperature inside the concrete component can be considerably higher than at the surface. These temperature differences cause stresses in the concrete, which can lead to cracking if the stresses exceed the tensile strength of the concrete. Moisture can penetrate the concrete through these cracks, promoting corrosion of the reinforcing steel and reducing the load-bearing capacity of the structure.In cold climates, water that has penetrated cracks can freeze and expand, further exacerbating cracking and damaging the concrete structure. Additionally, the hydration reaction may be incomplete at extremely high temperatures, resulting in reduced final strength of the concrete. Furthermore, high temperatures can alter the microstructure of the cement, which can also negatively impact the strength and durability of the concrete structure.

[0004] To avoid the aforementioned problems, extensive measures are taken in practice to ensure the damage-free production of large concrete components, such as concrete slabs, foundations, or bridge piers. These measures include the use of cooling techniques, such as embedding cooling pipes within the concrete component being produced and / or cooling the concrete mix, as well as optimizing the concrete composition, particularly through the use of additives. Furthermore, curing measures, such as continuous watering or covering of the fresh concrete to prevent cracking and uneven drying, often need to be maintained over an extended period. This increases the overall time the concrete requires maintenance before further work can be carried out.

[0005] For the reasons mentioned above, the effort required to produce large concrete components is very high and the construction time is usually very long.

[0006] International patent application WO 2021 / 249989 discloses a concrete component comprising a plurality of hollow bodies fluidically connected to one another via cavity openings. The cavities of the hollow bodies have a size on the order of 10 mm to 250 mm, preferably 75 mm to 250 mm.

[0007] Chinese patent application CN 1 10468795 A discloses a concrete body that is essentially cube-shaped with 24 projections, open at the top and bottom, and has a vertical opening in the middle. Measured across the projections, the concrete body has external dimensions of 3m x 3m x 3m.

[0008] International patent application WO 2015 / 182818 Al discloses doughnut-shaped, hollow displacement bodies made of lightweight concrete.

[0009] The object of the present invention is therefore to simplify the production of large concrete components and to reduce the expenditure of resources and time.

[0010] The problem is solved by a structural body for embedding in concrete during the production of a concrete component, which has a shell surrounding a cavity and which is made of concrete and has a shell volume in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 of the total volume of the structural body.

[0011] In terms of procedure, the problem is solved by a method for producing a concrete component in which, first, several structural elements according to the invention are arranged to form a structural element assembly, and then the spaces between the structural elements are filled with concrete. In particular, it can be advantageously provided that reinforcement is arranged in the spaces between the assembled structural elements and / or next to the structural elements before filling with concrete.

[0012] Each of the structural elements according to the invention, which are embedded in concrete using this method, has the distinct advantage of fulfilling multiple functions. Because the shell of the structural element surrounds a cavity, overall concrete can be saved and the total weight of the concrete component reduced. At the same time, the structural element according to the invention possesses inherent stability and load-bearing capacity, which makes it possible to produce even very thick concrete components without the structural element being crushed by the pressure of the liquid concrete. These properties also contribute significantly to the stability and load-bearing capacity of the manufactured concrete component. This is achieved by making the shell of the structural element according to the invention from concrete and having a shell volume in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 of the total volume of the structural element.To increase its inherent stability and load-bearing capacity, the shell can advantageously incorporate structural reinforcement. Furthermore, the structural element according to the invention has the additional advantage of considerable heat capacity, so that the completed and hardened structural element acts as a thermal buffer, temporarily absorbing some of the heat of hydration generated during the hardening of the surrounding fresh cast-in-place concrete. In this way, temperature peaks in the hardening cast-in-place concrete are avoided.

[0013] In particular, the inherent stability and self-supporting capacity of the structural body according to the invention, which has a stabilizing effect on the poured in-situ concrete, and additionally the function of the structural body according to the invention as a heat buffer, significantly reduces the risk of cracking in the concrete component to be produced.

[0014] The structural element according to the invention can advantageously be designed such that the concrete used for its production has a compressive strength of more than 30 MPa, in particular more than 50 MPa. A design using high-strength concrete is particularly advantageous, as this increases the inherent stability and load-bearing capacity, and thus the load-bearing capacity, of the structural element, resulting in greater stability and load-bearing capacity of the concrete component to be produced. Preferably, the shell of the structural element according to the invention is not made of lightweight concrete. Preferably, the concrete of the shell of the structural element according to the invention has a dry density of more than 2000 kg / mm³. 3 on.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the shell of the structural element has no opening. Preferably, the cavity is hermetically sealed. Preferably, the cavities of different structural elements of a concrete component according to the invention are not fluidically connected to one another. A concrete component manufactured with hermetically sealed, non-fluidically connected structural elements is particularly robust and durable. In particular, a local defect in one of the structural elements does not affect the overall structure of the entire concrete component because moisture migration from one structural element to the next is prevented.

[0016] Preferably, the structural element is designed such that no channel runs through it. In particular, it can be advantageously provided that the cavity of the structural element according to the invention is not part of a channel running through the structural element. In particular, it can be advantageously provided that the cavity of the structural element according to the invention is not formed by a channel running through the structural element. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous with regard to the synergistic realization of several of the aforementioned advantages, especially with regard to concrete savings, inherent stability, and thermal buffering function. In an advantageous embodiment, the shell of the structural element has structural reinforcement.This offers the advantage of increasing the inherent stability and load-bearing capacity, and thus the load-bearing capacity, of the structural element, which contributes to the stability and load-bearing capacity of the concrete component being produced. The structural reinforcement can advantageously be designed and arranged in such a way that it completely surrounds the cavity.

[0017] A particularly advantageous embodiment is one in which the structural element is cube-shaped or has a cube-shaped base. This shape facilitates stacking and alignment of the structural elements, which reduces construction time and improves the stability of the entire structure. The structural element according to the invention can advantageously be designed such that the edge length of the cube is in the range of 0.7 m to 1.5 m, particularly in the range of 0.9 m to 1.3 m or in the range of 1.0 m to 1.2 m. Such dimensions allow for flexible adaptation to different construction requirements and simultaneously ensure a good balance between transportability and structural strength.

[0018] In another advantageous embodiment, the structural element is cuboid in shape or has a cuboid base. This shape allows for efficient use of space and facilitates embedding in elongated structures such as bridge piers and foundation strips.

[0019] However, there are no fundamental restrictions regarding the external shape of the structural elements. Preferably, the structural elements are advantageously designed such that they can be stacked and / or arranged side by side easily and securely (preferably without the use of additional securing and / or supporting means). Preferably, the structural element according to the invention is designed such that it can stand independently (in particular without the use of additional securing and / or supporting means) on a flat surface and / or on another structural element of the same design.

[0020] It is possible to use only identical structural elements for a component to be manufactured, for example, only cube-shaped structural elements of the same size or only cuboid-shaped structural elements of the same size. However, it is also possible for at least some of the structural elements used for the same component to be manufactured to differ from one another. For example, several cube-shaped structural elements, particularly those of the same size, as well as several cuboid-shaped structural elements, particularly those of the same size, can be used for a single component. It is also possible, for example, to use structural elements for one and the same component that are identical in their external shape but differ in their size.

[0021] The structural body according to the invention can advantageously be designed such that the total volume of the structural body is in the range of 0.3 m³ 3 up to 3.5 m 3 , especially in the area of ​​0.7 m 3 up to 1.75 m 3 These volume ranges offer a good balance between handling, inherent stability, self-supporting capacity and function as a heat buffer.

[0022] A design with a wall thickness of more than 5 cm, particularly in the range of 5 cm to 30 cm, is especially advantageous. Such a wall thickness ensures a favorable self-weight, high stability and load-bearing capacity of the structure, and good thermal insulation performance.

[0023] The outer surface of the shell can be advantageously uneven. These irregularities improve the bond strength between the structure and the surrounding concrete, thus increasing the stability of the entire concrete component. For example, the outer surface of the shell can feature parallel and / or circumferential grooves. These grooves significantly enhance the adhesion of the surrounding concrete to the structure, thereby improving the structural integrity of the concrete component.

[0024] A particularly advantageous embodiment is one in which the structural element has at least one projection extending from the shell. Preferably, the structural element has several projections extending from the shell.

[0025] Such a projection can, for example, function as a spacer when several structural elements according to the invention are placed side by side and / or one above the other (in particular also overlapping side by side and / or overlapping one above the other). In this way, the gaps between the structural elements are automatically adjusted to a dimension predefined by the projection. Alternatively or additionally, such a projection can, for example, be designed as a base on which the structural element stands.

[0026] In an advantageous embodiment, the shell has at least one recess. In particular, the recess can be configured to receive at least part of a projection of another structural element, especially in a form-fitting manner. In this way, a reliable connection between the structural elements is achieved, and good stability and load-bearing capacity of a structural element arrangement comprising several structural elements according to the invention is attained. In particular, good stability of the structural element arrangement is achieved even before the pouring of cast-in-place concrete, which simplifies the construction of the structural element arrangement and increases safety on the construction site.

[0027] The projection can advantageously be designed as a tenon, while a recess in an immediately adjacent structural element is designed as a tenon hole, which receives at least part of the tenon (for example, the tenon tip), preferably in a form-fitting manner. This enables a simple and stable connection between the structural elements, thereby reducing assembly time and increasing the stability of the structural element arrangement.

[0028] In general, the structural element according to the invention can advantageously be designed such that at least part of its projection can be positively inserted into the recess of another, in particular identical, structural element, preferably in a positive-locking manner. Such a connection ensures high stability and prevents the structural elements from slipping before and during concreting.

[0029] In an advantageous embodiment, the underside of the structural element has a projection that can be positively inserted into the recess on the top side of another structural element. Alternatively, the top side of the structural element can have the projection that can be positively inserted into the recess on the underside of another structural element. This enables stable and secure stacking of the structural elements.

[0030] A particularly advantageous embodiment is one in which the structural body comprises at least one hollow body that surrounds the cavity and is itself surrounded by the shell. Such a hollow body can advantageously function as an inner formwork in the manufacture of a structural body according to the invention. For example, the structural body according to the invention can be manufactured by arranging the hollow body (and preferably a structural body reinforcement) in an outer formwork and then filling the space between the outer formwork and the hollow body with concrete. The hollow body can be made of plastic, for example, and can be thin-walled. Plastic offers the advantage of simple manufacturability of the hollow body. In particular, the hollow body can be composed of several segments, especially two plastic half-shells. The hollow body can alternatively or additionally have a flexible wall.The hollow body can be inflatable, allowing for space-saving storage and inflation only when needed for manufacturing the structure. The cavity can be filled with a filler material, particularly foam. Alternatively or additionally, the cavity can be filled with a gas, particularly air.

[0031] As already mentioned, a structural arrangement is particularly advantageous which has several structural elements and which can be arranged in a formwork in order to fill the spaces between the structural elements and between the structural elements and the formwork with cast-in-place concrete for the production of the concrete part.

[0032] Due to its modular design, the arrangement of the structural elements can be flexibly adapted to a wide variety of construction projects.

[0033] As already mentioned, at least two of the structural elements of the assembly can be identical. In particular, all structural elements of the assembly can be identical. This uniformity simplifies production and assembly and enables even load distribution.

[0034] However, an alternative embodiment is also advantageously possible in which at least two of the structural elements are designed differently. This allows for flexible adaptation to specific construction requirements. In particular, it can be advantageously provided that at least two of the structural elements differ from one another with respect to their shell volume and / or their total volume and / or the type of concrete and / or their shape and / or their size and / or their wall thickness and / or the presence and / or design of any structural element reinforcement. In particular, one or more of the structural elements can be designed without a cavity, with the preference being that most of the structural elements in a structural element arrangement and / or a concrete component have a cavity.The use of different structural elements in the production of a concrete component can be advantageously implemented, for example, by positioning structural elements with lower inherent stability and / or load-bearing capacity in areas where a low load on the concrete component is expected, while structural elements with higher inherent stability and / or load-bearing capacity are positioned in areas where a higher load on the concrete component is expected. A uniform spacing between the structural elements can be maintained, although this is not strictly necessary, but it is advantageous for easily arranging the structural elements, for example, into towers placed side by side.

[0035] For example, when manufacturing a structural assembly and / or a concrete component, it may be advantageous to position structural elements with a cavity in areas where a low load on the concrete component is expected, while positioning structural elements without a cavity (or with a smaller cavity) in areas where a higher load on the concrete component is expected. Maintaining a uniform distance between the structural elements can be advantageous in this regard, but this is not strictly necessary.

[0036] The structural element arrangement can, for example, consist of several structural elements stacked on top of each other to form multiple towers placed side by side. This arrangement is particularly easy to manufacture and facilitates the construction of tall concrete components.

[0037] Preferably, the structural elements of the assembly are spaced apart from one another, allowing cast-in-place concrete to be placed in the spaces defined by these distances. A particularly advantageous configuration of the assembly is one in which the distances between immediately adjacent structural elements are equal. Uniform spacing ensures a consistent structure and facilitates the planning and execution of the construction project.

[0038] Alternatively, it is also possible to provide unequal spacing between directly adjacent structural elements. This approach advantageously allows structural elements to be spaced further apart in areas where a higher load on the concrete element is expected, compared to areas where a lower load is expected. In this case, identical structural elements can be used throughout. However, it is not impossible for the structural elements to be designed wholly or partially differently.

[0039] In general, it can be advantageous to provide that the density of the arrangement of the structural elements and / or the intrinsic stability and / or self-supporting capacity of the structural elements differs depending on the level of the expected load on the concrete component.

[0040] The structural element arrangement according to the invention can advantageously be designed such that the distance between immediately adjacent structural elements is in the range of 10 cm to 50 cm, and in particular in the range of 10 cm to 30 cm. These spacing ranges enable efficient use of the concrete material and contribute to good structural integrity of the concrete component.

[0041] In a particularly advantageous design, reinforcement is arranged in the spaces between immediately adjacent structural elements. This reinforcement increases the stability and load-bearing capacity of the concrete component and can ensure good load distribution within the concrete component.

[0042] The invention is shown in the drawing in an exemplary and schematic manner and is described below with reference to the figures, whereby identical or similarly functioning elements are usually provided with the same reference numerals even in different embodiments. The figures show:

[0043] Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a structural body according to the invention in a perspective view,

[0044] Fig. 2 shows the first embodiment of a structural body according to the invention in a side view,

[0045] Fig. 3 shows the first embodiment of a structural body according to the invention in a perspective sectional view,

[0046] Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a structural body arrangement according to the invention in a perspective view,

[0047] Fig. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a structural body arrangement according to the invention in a side view,

[0048] Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of a structural body arrangement according to the invention in a further side view,

[0049] Fig. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment of a structural body arrangement according to the invention in a top view from above.

[0050] Fig. 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of a structural body arrangement according to the invention in a formwork,

[0051] Fig. 9 shows a first embodiment of a structure which includes a concrete component according to the invention.

[0052] Fig. 10 shows a second embodiment of a structure comprising a concrete component according to the invention, in a schematic sectional view; Fig. 11 shows a third embodiment of a structure comprising a concrete component according to the invention, in a schematic sectional view; and

[0053] Fig. 12 shows a second embodiment of a structural body according to the invention in a sectional view.

[0054] Figures 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a structural body 1 according to the invention. The structural body 1 is designed and intended for embedding in concrete during the production of a concrete component. The structural body 1 has a shell 2 that surrounds a cavity 3 and is made of concrete. The shell 2 has a volume in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 of the total volume of the structural body 1.

[0055] The structural element 1 has a cube-shaped base. The edge length of the cube can advantageously be in the range of 0.7 m to 1.5 m, particularly in the range of 0.9 m to 1.3 m or in the range of 1.0 m to 1.2 m. The shell can advantageously have a wall thickness of more than 5 cm, particularly in the range of 5 cm to 30 cm.

[0056] The outer surface of the shell 2 is uneven and features parallel, circumferential grooves 4 on its side walls. These irregularities improve the bond strength between the structural body 1 and the surrounding concrete, thus increasing the stability of the entire concrete component. The shell 2 also has grooves 4 on its upper surface.

[0057] The structural body 1 has on two side walls of the shell 2 a projection 5 protruding from the shell 2, which acts as a spacer when several structural bodies according to the invention are placed next to each other.

[0058] The structural body 1 has four further projections 6 on its underside. These further projections 6 function as feet.

[0059] The structural body 1 also has four recesses 7 on its upper side, which are designed to receive the four further projections 6 of another, identically designed, structural body 1 in a form-fitting manner when the further, identically designed, structural body 1 is placed on the upper side of the structural body 1.

[0060] Similarly, the illustrated structural body 1 can be placed on another, identically designed structural body 1 such that the four additional projections 6 of the illustrated structural body 1 are positively engaged in the receptacles 7 of the other (identically designed) structural body 1. The additional projections 6 are conically shaped to facilitate insertion into the recesses 7 of another structural body 1. The receptacles 7 can also advantageously be conically shaped to facilitate insertion of additional projections 6 of another structural body 1.

[0061] The structural body 1 comprises a thin-walled hollow body that surrounds the cavity 3 and is itself surrounded by the shell 2. The hollow body 8 can be made of, for example, plastic, and can be particularly thin-walled.

[0062] Figures 4 to 7 show an embodiment of a structural assembly 9 according to the invention, which is composed of several structural elements 1 arranged side by side and one above the other according to the invention. Preferably, the structural assembly 9 is arranged in a formwork 10 so that the spaces between the structural elements 1 and between the structural elements 1 and the formwork 10 are subsequently filled with cast-in-place concrete to produce the concrete part. Before the cast-in-place concrete is poured into the spaces between immediately adjacent structural elements 1 and in the spaces between the structural elements 1 and the formwork 10, reinforcement 1 1, for example in the form of reinforcing bars and / or steel mesh, is arranged, as shown in Figure 9.

[0063] Figure 9 shows a first embodiment of a building, namely a house, which has a concrete component 12 according to the invention, namely a concrete foundation 13. The concrete foundation 13 includes a structural assembly 9 according to the invention, consisting of structural elements 1 according to the invention, which are surrounded by (not shown) concrete.

[0064] Figure 10 shows a second embodiment of a structure, namely a house, which has a concrete component 12 according to the invention. In this embodiment, the concrete component 12 forms the pile cap 14 of a pile foundation 15. The pile cap 14 includes a structural assembly 9 according to the invention, consisting of structural elements 1 according to the invention and reinforcement 11, which are surrounded by (not shown) concrete.

[0065] Figure 11 shows a third embodiment of a structure, namely a bridge, which has a concrete component 12 according to the invention, namely a bridge pier 16. The bridge pier 16 includes a structural assembly 9 according to the invention, consisting of structural elements 1 according to the invention, which are surrounded by (not shown) concrete. For the sake of clarity, any reinforcement that is preferably also present is not shown. Figure 12 shows a second embodiment of a structural element 1 according to the invention in a sectional view.

[0066] The structural element 1 is designed and intended for embedding in concrete during the production of a concrete component. The structural element 1 has a shell 2, which surrounds a cavity 3 and is made of concrete. The shell 2 has a volume in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 of the total volume of the structural element 1.

[0067] The structural body 1 has a cube-shaped basic form.

[0068] The outer surface of the shell 2 is uneven and features parallel grooves 4 along its side walls. These irregularities improve the bond strength between the structural element 1 and the surrounding concrete, thus increasing the stability of the entire concrete component. The shell 2 also has grooves 4 on its upper surface.

[0069] The structural body 1 has on two side walls of the shell 2 a projection 5 protruding from the shell 2, which acts as a spacer when several structural bodies according to the invention are placed next to each other.

[0070] The structural body 1 has four further projections 6 on its underside. These further projections 6 function as feet.

[0071] The structural body 1 has two hollow bodies 8 arranged one above the other, which surround the cavity 3 and are in turn surrounded by the shell 2. The hollow bodies s can be made of, for example, plastic, and can be thin-walled.

[0072] The shell 2 of the structural body 1 has structural reinforcement 17, for example in the form of reinforcing bars and / or steel mesh. The structural reinforcement 17 surrounds the cavity 3 on all sides.

[0073] 1 structural element

[0074] 2 cases

[0075] 3 cavities

[0076] 4 grooves

[0077] 5 lead

[0078] 6 lead

[0079] 7 recordings

[0080] 8 hollow bodies

[0081] 9. Construction body arrangement

[0082] 10 Formwork

[0083] 1 1 Reinforcement

[0084] 12 concrete components

[0085] 13 Concrete foundation

[0086] 14 Pile cap

[0087] 15 pile foundation

[0088] 16 bridge piers

[0089] 17 Structural reinforcement

Claims

Patent claims 1. Structural body (1 ) for embedding in concrete during the production of a concrete component (12), comprising a shell (2) surrounding a cavity (3) and made of concrete, with a shell volume in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 of the total volume of the structural body (1 ).

2. Structural body (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the concrete has a compressive strength greater than 30 MPa, in particular greater than 50 MPa.

3. Construction body (1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shell (2) has a construction body reinforcement (17).

4. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the construction body (1 ) is cube-shaped or that the construction body (1 ) has a cube-shaped basic form.

5. Construction body (1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the edge length of the cube is in the range of 0.7 m to 1.5 m, in particular in the range of 0.9 m to 1.3 m or in the range of 1.0 m to 1.2 m.

6. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the construction body ( 1 ) is cuboid in shape or that the construction body (1 ) has a cuboid basic shape.

7. Construction body (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the total volume is in the range of 0.3 m³ 3 up to 3.5 m 3 , especially in the area of ​​0.7 m 3 up to 1.75 m 3 lies.

8. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the shell (2) has a wall thickness of more than 5 cm, in particular in the range of 5 cm to 30 cm.

9. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outer surface of the shell (2) is uneven.

10. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the outer surface of the shell (2) has grooves arranged parallel to each other and / or circumferential. 1 1. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the construction body (1 ) has at least one projection (5, 6) extending from the shell (2).

12. Construction body (1 ) according to claim 1 1 , characterized in that the projection (5, 6) is designed as a pin.

13. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the shell (2) has at least one recess (7).

14. Construction body (1 ) according to claim 13, characterized in that the projection (5, 6) is designed as a mortise.

15. Construction body (1 ) according to claim 1 1 to 14, characterized in that at least a part of the projection (5, 6) of the construction body (1 ) can be positively inserted into the recess (7) of a similarly designed further construction body (1 ).

16. Construction body (1) according to claim 11 to 15, characterized in that a. a bottom surface of the construction body (1) has the projection (5, 6) and that at least a part of the projection (5, 6) of the construction body (1) can be positively inserted into the recess (7) on the top surface of a similarly designed further construction body (1), or that b. a top surface of the construction body (1) has the projection (5, 6) and that at least a part of the projection (5, 6) of the construction body (1) can be positively inserted into the recess (7) on the bottom surface of a similarly designed further construction body (1).

17. Construction body ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the construction body (1 ) has at least one hollow body (8) which at least partially surrounds the cavity (3) and which is surrounded by the shell (2).

18. Construction body (1 ) according to claim 17, characterized in that the hollow body (8) is made of plastic.

19. Construction body (1 ) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the hollow body (8) has a flexible wall and / or is inflatable.

20. Construction body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 1 , characterized in that a. the cavity (3) is filled with a filler material, in particular with a foam, and / or that b. cavity (3) is filled with a gas, in particular with air.

21. Construction body arrangement (9) comprising several construction bodies (1 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. Construction body arrangement (9) according to claim 21, characterized in that at least two of the construction bodies (1 ) are identical or that all construction bodies (1 ) are identical.

23. Structural body arrangement (9) according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that a. at least two of the structural bodies ( 1 ) are designed differently, and / or that b. at least two of the structural bodies (1) differ from each other with respect to the shell volume and / or with respect to the total volume and / or with respect to the type of concrete and / or with respect to the shape and / or with respect to the size and / or with respect to the wall thickness and / or with respect to the presence of structural body reinforcement and / or with respect to the design of structural body reinforcement.

24. Construction body arrangement (9) according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the construction bodies (1 ) are stacked on top of each other to form several towers.

25. Construction body arrangement (9) according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the construction bodies (1 ) are spaced apart from each other.

26. Construction body arrangement (9) according to claim 25, characterized in that the distances between immediately adjacent construction bodies (1) are equal.

27. Construction body arrangement (9) according to claim 25, characterized in that the distances between immediately adjacent construction bodies ( 1 ) are unequal.

28. Construction body arrangement (9) according to one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that the distance between immediately adjacent construction bodies (1 ) is in the range of 10 cm to 50 cm, in particular in the range of 10 cm to 30 cm.

29. Construction body arrangement (9) according to one of claims 25 to 28, characterized in that reinforcement (1 1 ) is arranged in the spaces between immediately adjacent construction bodies (1 ).

30. Structural element arrangement (9) according to one of claims 21 to 29, characterized in that the density of the arrangement of the structural elements and / or the intrinsic stability and / or intrinsic load-bearing capacity of the structural elements is different depending on the magnitude of the expected load on the concrete component.

31. Concrete component, in particular concrete slab or concrete foundation or bridge pier, characterized in that the concrete component forms a structural body arrangement (9) according to one of claims 21 to 30 and that the spaces between the structural bodies (1) are filled with concrete.

32. Concrete component according to claim 31, characterized in that the concrete component (12) is a concrete slab or a concrete foundation (13) or a bridge pier (16) or a pile cap (14) of a pile foundation (15).

33. Method for producing a concrete component (12), characterized in that, preferably in a formwork (10), a structural assembly (9) according to one of claims 21 to 30 is erected and that the spaces between the structural assemblies (1) are then filled with concrete.

34. Method according to claim 33, characterized in that, prior to filling with concrete, reinforcement (1 1 ) is arranged in the spaces between the structural assemblies (1) and / or next to the structural assemblies (1).

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