Sheet with fewer wrinkles, and sheet laying method

Abstract

To provide a construction sheet that reduces wrinkles that occur throughout the sheet due to changes in environmental temperature, and a sheet laying method of partially fixing synthetic polymer construction sheets to a base.SOLUTION: The construction sheet with fewer wrinkles includes: a resin layer containing a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer; and a constraining layer containing vinyl chloride resin, in which the dimensional change rate of the constrained layer due to heating is 0.01% or less, the thickness of the constrained layer is 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm; the interlayer peel strength between the constraining layer and the resin layer is 0.3 N / mm or more; and the dimensional change rate of the construction sheet due to heating is 0.05% or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction sheet that can be used outdoors or semi-outdoors, and to a sheet and installation method that reduces wrinkles in the sheet due to temperature changes after installation. [Background technology]

[0002] Synthetic polymer sheets are widely used in buildings as decorative materials, flooring materials, and waterproofing materials. Synthetic polymer sheets used for these purposes can be fixed to the substrate using adhesives to adhere them to the substrate, or by partially fixing them to the substrate using fixing devices.

[0003] It is known that architectural sheets, such as flooring materials and waterproof sheets used on balconies and open corridors, undergo thermal expansion and contraction due to changes in environmental temperature. In particular, in construction methods in which the sheet is partially fixed to the substrate, sheets installed in the cold winter months will expand due to thermal expansion and contraction in the hot summer months. If the expansion becomes too great, the sheet may not be able to absorb the expansion and may wrinkle entirely.

[0004] When wrinkling occurs in architectural sheets, it not only causes problems with appearance, but also allows rainwater and other water to collect in the wrinkled areas and remain there for a long time, extracting some of the additives in the sheet and accelerating deterioration of the architectural sheet. Furthermore, water is blocked, causing drainage problems. Therefore, there is a need for a construction method that prevents the entire architectural sheet from wrinkling even when the environmental temperature changes.

[0005] One method to reduce wrinkles is to apply tension to the sheet beforehand during installation, which makes it less likely to wrinkle even if the sheet stretches. However, this method of reducing wrinkles by application technique results in variations in the degree of wrinkle reduction depending on the level of skill of the installer.

[0006] Patent Document 1 also describes a method in which a waterproof sheet is temporarily attached in a stretched state using a tensioning device for temporary adhesion, and then fixed with a disk. However, using the tensioning device for temporary adhesion adds a temporary fixing step and a release step, making the construction more complicated. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 5-57162 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a construction sheet and an installation method that reduces wrinkles that occur throughout the sheet due to changes in environmental temperature in an installation method in which a synthetic polymer construction sheet is partially fixed to a base. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] As a means used in the present invention to solve the above problems, the following wrinkle-reducing sheet was developed.

[0010] The present invention is a wrinkle-reducing sheet characterized in that the dimensional change rate of the constraining layer due to heating is 0.01% or less, the thickness of the constraining layer is 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, the interlayer peel strength between the resin layer and the constraining layer is 0.3 N / mm or more, and the dimensional change rate of the building sheet due to heating is 0.05% or less.

[0011] Moreover, it is desirable that the solar reflectance in the wavelength range of 780 nm to 2500 nm is 60% or more.

[0012] The wrinkle-reducing sheet is also a sheet-applied structure in which it is partially fixed to a substrate.

[0013] The sheet construction method also includes the steps of fixing a fixed plate placed on a base with a fastener for the fixed plate, spreading the wrinkle reduction sheet over the base and the fixed plate, and fixing the wrinkle reduction sheet to the fixed plate.

[0014] The sheet construction method includes the steps of applying a fixing tape onto a substrate, spreading the wrinkle-reducing sheet over the substrate and the fixing tape, and adhering the wrinkle-reducing sheet to the fixing tape.

[0015] This is a sheet construction method that includes the steps of: spreading the wrinkle-reducing sheet on a base; placing a fixing plate on the wrinkle-reducing sheet; fixing the fixing plate to the base with fixing plate fasteners; and covering the fixing plate and the fixing plate fasteners with an additional sheet to make them waterproof. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a construction sheet and an application method that reduce wrinkles in the sheet that occur due to changes in environmental temperature. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a wrinkle-reduced sheet of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a sheet installation structure using the wrinkle-reducing sheet of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a sheet application structure using the wrinkle-reducing sheet of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a sheet application structure using the wrinkle-reducing sheet of the present invention. [Figure 5] 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the interlayer peel strength between the resin layer and the constraining layer of the wrinkle-reduced sheet and the peel state when bent 90 degrees. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Note that the embodiment is an example, and the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0019] The wrinkle-reduced sheet of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 1. The wrinkle-reduced sheet is composed of multiple layers having a constraining layer (1) containing a vinyl chloride resin and a resin layer (2) containing a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer.

[0020] The embodiment of Figure 1[1-1] is a wrinkle-reducing sheet having a constraining layer (1) between resin layers (2) and (2'). In the embodiment of Figure 1[1-1], a nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber impregnated with vinyl chloride resin is used as the constraining layer (1). The resin layers (2) and (2') and the constraining layer (1) are bonded or joined to each other. Note that the resin layers (2) and (2') may have different compositions.

[0021] The embodiment shown in Figure 1[1-2] is a wrinkle-reducing sheet comprising a constraining layer (1) made of a single layer of vinyl chloride resin as the outermost layer, with resin layers (2) and (2') and a substrate (3) underneath. The constraining layer (1) and resin layer (2), and the resin layers (2) and (2') and substrate (3) are bonded or adhered to each other. The substrate (3) can be a woven fabric made of glass fiber or polyester fiber, and is provided to reinforce the architectural sheet and is laminated on the resin layer. As shown in Figure 1[1-2], it can be provided in the middle of the resin layer (between resin layer (2) and resin layer (2')) or as the bottom layer. There are no particular limitations on the substrate (3), but woven fabric made of polyester fiber or glass fiber is preferred because it is lightweight and has excellent dimensional stability, and may be coated with a resin-based binder. Alternatively, the substrate may be omitted, with only the constraining layer (1) and resin layer (2) laminated together. The resin layer may be one layer or multiple layers, and in the case of multiple layers, each layer may have a different composition.

[0022] The constraining layer contains a vinyl chloride resin such as a vinyl chloride resin or a vinyl chloride copolymer. In addition, the constraining layer may contain thermoplastic resins such as olefin resins or acrylic resins, or thermoplastic elastomers, if necessary. The constraining layer may also contain various additives, such as fillers, plasticizers, heat stabilizers, pigments, flame retardants, lubricants, processing aids, light stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, and ultraviolet absorbers. The constraining layer may be a single layer or multiple layers as long as it contains a vinyl chloride resin, for example, a vinyl chloride resin layer laminated with a nonwoven or woven fabric made of polyester fiber or glass fiber, a vinyl chloride resin layer laminated with a layer made of a different thermoplastic resin or thermoplastic elastomer, or a nonwoven or woven fabric made of polyester fiber or glass fiber impregnated with a resin composition containing a vinyl chloride resin.

[0023] The constraining layer is provided to prevent the expansion and contraction of the building sheet due to changes in environmental temperature. Therefore, it is desirable that the constraining layer itself does not expand or contract due to changes in environmental temperature. In particular, building sheets installed in winter often stretch and wrinkle when the temperature rises in summer, so it is important that the dimensional change rate of the constraining layer due to heating is 0.01% or less. Here, the dimensional change rate due to heating is based on the length and width change test due to heating in JIS A 1454. In this standard, the test piece is heated to 80°C, and then left to stand for 1 hour in an environment with a temperature of 23±2°C and a humidity of (50±10)%, after which the dimensions after heating are measured. In contrast, in the present invention, the extent to which the test piece stretches due to heating is an important factor in causing wrinkles, so the dimensions of the test piece immediately after heating are measured and used as the dimensions after heating.

[0024] Furthermore, it is desirable that the constraining layer has higher elasticity than the resin layer, and also has flexibility and extensibility. For example, the elongation of the constraining layer measured and calculated based on JIS A 6008 (tensile speed 200 mm / min) is desirably 20% to 300%, and more desirably 20% to 200%. It is desirable that the constraining layer has a smaller elongation than the resin layer.

[0025] The thickness of the constraining layer can be 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm. Synthetic polymer-based architectural sheets used as flooring and waterproofing materials are generally about 1.0 mm to 4.0 mm thick. In contrast, it is desirable for the thickness of the constraining layer to be about 10% of this. If the thickness of the constraining layer is less than 0.1 mm, sufficient wrinkle reduction effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.4 mm, the flexibility and extensibility as an architectural sheet will be insufficient, and good workability will not be obtained.

[0026] The resin layer contains a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer and has sufficient flexibility and extensibility for use as a building sheet. There are no particular restrictions on the thermoplastic resin, but vinyl chloride resins such as vinyl chloride resins and vinyl chloride copolymers, olefin resins, and acrylic resins are preferred, with vinyl chloride resins and acrylic resins being more preferred due to their ease of adhesion to the constraining layer. In addition to the elastomer and resin components, the resin layer can also contain various additives, such as fillers, plasticizers, heat stabilizers, pigments, flame retardants, lubricants, processing aids, light stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, and UV absorbers.

[0027] It is known that plasticizers are generally added to vinyl chloride resin-based construction sheets to impart flexibility. For example, vinyl chloride resin-based waterproof sheets typically contain 40 parts or more of plasticizer per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin. If the resin layer of a wrinkle-reducing sheet contains vinyl chloride resin, it is desirable to add a similar amount of plasticizer.

[0028] The wrinkle-reduced sheet of the present invention is a sheet body in which a resin layer and a constraining layer are bonded or joined together. The integration of the resin layer and the constraining layer reduces wrinkles that occur in architectural sheets that are partially fixed to a substrate and applied due to the influence of environmental temperature. The resin layer and the constraining layer may be integrated via a primer or adhesive, but considering durability against sunlight, rain, wind pressure, etc. and assuming long-term outdoor use, it is preferable that they are bonded together without an adhesive. Specifically, the resin layer and the constraining layer can be bonded together by thermal lamination.

[0029] The wrinkle-reducing sheet of the present invention exerts the aforementioned wrinkle-reducing effect by bonding a constraining layer with excellent dimensional stability and a flexible resin layer by heat or the like, so if the interlayer peel strength between the constraining layer and the resin layer is not at a certain level, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained and the objective of reducing wrinkles cannot be achieved. Therefore, the interlayer peel strength described in the following section is preferably 0.3 N / mm or more, and more preferably 0.4 N / mm or more.

[0030] A total of 76 architectural sheet samples were produced, consisting of multiple integrated sheets with different interlayer bond strengths, by varying the temperature conditions for thermal lamination when laminating the resin layer and the constraining layer on top of it. Test pieces measuring 25 mm wide x 150 mm long were taken from each sample. The interlayer peel strength of each test piece was measured using the method below, and Figure 5 shows the relationship between the peel state between the resin layer and the constraining layer when the test piece was bent 90 degrees. In this verification, a 2.0 mm thick vinyl chloride resin waterproof sheet was used as the resin layer, and a constraining layer containing vinyl chloride resin was used.

[0031] [Interlayer peel strength] The bonded surface between the resin layer and the constraining layer of the test piece was peeled off about 20 mm from the edge, and the edge of the resin layer and the edge of the constraining layer were each clamped in the chucks of a universal testing machine. A T-shaped peel was performed until the chuck gap was 100 mm under conditions of a chuck gap of 20 mm and a tensile speed of 200 mm / min, and the strength was measured at chuck displacements of 25 mm, 40 mm, 55 mm, 70 mm, and 85 mm, and the average value of the five points was taken as the interlayer peel strength. [90 degree bendability] The test piece used to measure the interlayer peel strength was bent 90 degrees at a point 10 mm from the opposite end (the side that did not peel) of the same test piece, and then the test piece was visually checked for peeling between the resin layer and the restraining layer at the bent point, after bending it once and then bending it again to 90 degrees from the original state, for a total of 10 folds, and judged according to the following classification. [Judgment category] 0 → Peeling occurs when folded 1 time 1 → Does not peel off even when bent once 2 -> No peeling even after 10 folds

[0032] Figure 5 shows a scatter plot of the interlayer peel strength and 90-degree bendability of each sample. Figure 5 shows that if the interlayer peel strength is less than 0.3 N / mm, the sample will peel immediately when bent 90 degrees, while if the interlayer peel strength is 0.4 N / mm or greater, the sample will not peel even after being bent 90 degrees 10 times. Therefore, in order to prevent wrinkling throughout the sheet even when the architectural sheet is installed in a partially fixed state on the substrate and the environmental temperature changes over a long period of time, it is essential that the interlayer peel strength be 0.3 N / mm or greater, and preferably 0.4 N / mm or greater. In addition, in the case of a wrinkle reduction sheet having a constraining layer (1) between resin layers (2) and (2') as shown in Figure 1 [1-1], it is essential that the interlayer peel strength be 0.3 N / mm or more between the constraining layer (1) and the resin layer (2) and between the constraining layer (1) and the resin layer (2'), and it is preferable that it be 0.4 N / mm or more.

[0033] The wrinkle-reducing sheet of the present invention can be used for rooftop waterproofing, balconies, open corridors, etc. Therefore, to ensure walkability and waterproofing performance, it is desirable that the resin layer have the performance specified in JIS A 1454 "Test Methods for Polymer-Based Flooring Materials" or JIS A 6008 "Synthetic Polymer-Based Roofing Sheets." Furthermore, considering transportability and ease of application, the thickness of the sheet is preferably 1.3 mm to 3.0 mm. In this case, by making the constraining layer 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, the flexibility and wrinkle-reducing effect of the sheet can be achieved. Furthermore, the dimensional change rate of the architectural sheet of the present invention, i.e., the wrinkle-reducing sheet, due to heating is 0.05% or less, measured using the same method as the dimensional change rate of the constraining layer described above. Having a dimensional change rate of 0.01% or less due to heating for the constraining layer and a dimensional change rate of 0.05% or less for the architectural sheet due to heating can suppress the occurrence of wrinkles due to temperature changes after application.

[0034] The constraining layer is preferably placed on the outermost layer or in the middle of the wrinkle-reducing sheet. In particular, when the constraining layer is placed on the outermost layer where the surface of the wrinkle-reducing sheet is exposed when the sheet is installed, various functionalities can be imparted according to the purpose. For example, it is possible to use a layer imparted with flame retardancy, transparency, heat-shielding properties, radiative cooling properties, antiviral properties, etc. In particular, by imparting heat-shielding properties to the constraining layer, heating of the entire sheet is suppressed, making it less susceptible to temperature changes.

[0035] When imparting heat-shielding properties to the constraining layer, there are types in which pigments are kneaded into synthetic resins containing vinyl chloride resin, multi-layer types in which a heat-shielding layer containing a substance such as metal with high solar reflectance is laminated with a layer containing vinyl chloride resin, and multi-layer types in which layers made of multiple resins with different optical properties are alternately laminated (such as nano-laminated films and films laminated with layers with negative refractive index). In the case of a kneaded-in system, the pigments described below can be used. For coloring, pigments that can be used, except for carbon pigments, include phthalocyanine-based, isoindolinone-based, perylene-based, azo-based, condensed azo-based, quinacridone-based, anthraquinone-based, aniline black-based, triphenylmethane-based, dioxazine-based, titanium oxide-based, iron oxide-based, chromium oxide-based, lead chromate-based, and calcined spinel-type pigments. From these, pigments with particularly high infrared reflectance in the 780 nm to 2500 nm wavelength range can be arbitrarily blended to provide coloring. When a multi-layer sheet is used as a constraining layer with a heat-shielding layer containing a material such as a metal with high solar reflectance, the heat-shielding layer can be a metal film such as aluminum foil, a metal-deposited film in which metal particles are vapor-deposited onto a film-like substrate such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), or a film containing infrared-absorbing materials such as ITO (tin-doped indium oxide) or ATO (antimony-doped tin oxide).

[0036] An example of an indicator of heat-shielding performance is solar reflectance in the 780-2500 nm range. Here, the solar reflectance of a heat-shielding sheet in the 780-2500 nm range is determined by the test method specified in JIS K 5602, "Method for Determining the Solar Reflectance of a Coating Film." The coating film in this standard is converted into a heat-shielding sheet, and the solar reflectance is measured with a black opacity test paper attached to the back of the heat-shielding sheet test piece (n=3). This 780-2500 nm range is defined as the near-infrared range, and has been reported to have a particularly high impact on temperature rise. The solar reflectance of a constrained layer with heat-shielding function in the 780-2500 nm range is preferably 30% or higher, more preferably 60% or higher. Constrained layers using a multilayer sheet laminated with a heat-shielding layer containing a material such as a metal with high solar reflectance are often preferred because they have a relatively high solar reflectance.

[0037] A sheet application structure and a sheet construction method using the wrinkle-reducing sheet of the present invention will be described. The wrinkle-reducing sheet of the present invention is a construction sheet that can be used for waterproofing the rooftops and balconies of buildings, as well as for floor finishing in open corridors, and is a sheet that is fixed to the substrate in each part. It is a sheet that is particularly used when fixing by a method other than full-surface adhesion (partial fixing). Of these, Figures 2 and 4 show construction structures that use a mechanical fixing method using a fixing plate (F) made of a resin-coated steel plate called a disc and fasteners for the fixing plate (G), and are primarily used for installing waterproof sheets. Figure 3 shows a construction structure in which a construction sheet is fixed to the substrate using fixing tape (D) instead of the fixing plate (F) and fasteners for the fixing plate (G) of Figure 2, and is primarily used for renovation work in which a new construction sheet is laid on a substrate where an existing construction sheet has been laid.

[0038] The type of substrate is not particularly limited, and includes concrete substrates such as reinforced concrete (RC), precast concrete (PC), and lightweight foam concrete (ALC), metal substrates, and wood substrates. Furthermore, inorganic boards such as cement boards, slate boards, and calcium silicate boards may be placed on top of these, and further, a heat insulating material may be placed under the inorganic board, or an existing construction sheet may be laid on top of these.

[0039] In the method of fixing the sheet to the substrate using fixing plates and fixing plate fasteners as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the work of attaching fixing plates to the substrate at specified intervals is less labor-intensive than full-surface adhesion, in which adhesive is applied to the entire substrate, and construction time can be shortened.In addition, since construction can be done even when the substrate is wet, there is the advantage that the construction period is less affected by weather.

[0040] The sheet construction method for the sheet construction structure shown in Figure 2 will be explained. This sheet construction method includes the steps of fixing a fixed plate (F) placed on a base (H) with a fastener (G) for the fixed plate, spreading a wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) over the base (H) and the fixed plate (F), and fixing the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) to the fixed plate (F).

[0041] In Figure 2, the fixing plate (F) is a disk-shaped steel plate with a thermoplastic resin film laminated to its surface. The fixing plate (F) is placed on the base (H) and secured to the base (H) with fixing plate fasteners (G). Multiple fixing plates (not shown) are similarly secured to the base (H) at regular intervals. Once all fixing plates (F) are secured to the base (H), a roll of wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) is placed on top of them and rolled to unfold them. When multiple wrinkle-reducing sheets (C) are used, the edges of adjacent sheets are laid out so that they overlap by approximately 40 mm. The disk-shaped fixing plate (F) is then heated while being pressed against the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) using an induction heating device. Heating the disk melts the thermoplastic resin film on the surface of the steel sheet and presses it onto the resin layer of the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) that is in contact with the disk. The molten thermoplastic resin film then cools and solidifies, securing the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) to the fixing plate (F), which is the disk. Fixing the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) to the fixing plate (F) can be achieved not only by induction heating, but also by injecting a solvent that dissolves the thermoplastic resin between the fixing plate (F) and the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) using a syringe or other device and then pressing them together. After all the fixing plates (F) and the wrinkle-reducing sheets (C) are fixed together, the overlapping portions of the edges of the wrinkle-reducing sheets (C), i.e., the resin layer on the back of one wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) and the constraining layer (or resin layer) on the outermost layer of another wrinkle-reducing sheet (C), are welded by applying solvent to their contact surfaces with a brush or other tool and pressing them together.

[0042] The sheet construction method for the sheet construction structure shown in Figure 4 will be explained. This sheet construction method includes the steps of spreading a wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) on a base (H), placing a fixing plate (F) on the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C), fixing the fixing plate (F) to the base (H) with fixing plate fasteners (G), and covering the fixing plate (F) and the fixing plate fasteners (G) with an additional sheet (I) to make them waterproof.

[0043] In Figure 4, the fixing plate (F) is a disk-shaped steel plate with a thermoplastic resin film laminated to its surface. First, a roll of wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) is placed on the base (H) and rolled to unfold it. When using multiple wrinkle-reducing sheets (C), the edges of adjacent sheets are laid out so that they overlap by approximately 40 mm. The fixing plate (F) is placed on top of the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) laid on the base (H) and secured to the base (H) with the fixing plate fasteners (G). Similarly, multiple fixing plates (not shown) are placed at regular intervals on top of the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) and secured to the base (H) in the same way. At this time, to prevent the surface of the wrinkle-reduced sheet (C) from being scratched by the fixing plate (F) where the fixing plate (F) is in close contact with the wrinkle-reduced sheet (C), it is preferable to interpose a protective sheet (K) between the wrinkle-reduced sheet (C) and the fixing plate (F). After all the fixing plates (F) and the wrinkle-reduced sheets (C) have been fixed, the overlapping portions of the ends of the wrinkle-reduced sheets (C), i.e., the resin layer that is the back surface of one wrinkle-reduced sheet (C) and the constraining layer (or resin layer) that is the outermost layer of another wrinkle-reduced sheet (C), are welded by applying a solvent to the contact surfaces with a brush or the like and pressing them together. Furthermore, the fixing plate (F), the fastener (G) for the fixing plate, and the surface of the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) around the fixing plate (F) are covered with an additional sheet (I), the back surface of the additional sheet (I) is welded to the fixing plate (F) and the surface of the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) around it, and the periphery is sealed with a sealing material (J) to make it waterproof.

[0044] The method of fixing the sheet using fixing tape as shown in Figure 3 eliminates the need for fastening fixtures compared to the mechanical fixing method shown in Figures 2 and 4, so the work can be shortened even further. This is a simple construction method that is mainly used for renovations, etc.

[0045] The sheet construction method for the sheet construction structure shown in Figure 3 will be explained. This sheet construction method includes the steps of applying a fixing tape (D) onto a base (H), spreading a wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) over the base (H) and the fixing tape (D), and adhering the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) to the fixing tape (D).

[0046] In Figure 3, the fixing tape (D) is an adhesive tape formed by applying a hot-melt adhesive to both sides of a conductive heat-generating material such as aluminum foil. Multiple fixing tapes (not shown) are attached to the base (H) at regular intervals. Once all fixing tapes (D) have been attached to the base (H), a roll of wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) is placed on top of them and the roll is rolled out. When using multiple wrinkle-reducing sheets (C), if the base (H) is covered with an existing building sheet (not shown), the edges of adjacent wrinkle-reducing sheets (C) are laid together. Then, an induction heating device is used to heat the adhesive tape (D) while pressing it onto the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C). By heating the adhesive tape, the hot-melt adhesive on both sides of the conductive heating material melts and is pressed onto the resin layer of the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) that is in contact with the adhesive tape. The molten hot-melt adhesive then cools and solidifies, fixing the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) to the base (H) via the adhesive tape, which is the fixing tape (D). All of the fixing tapes (D) are heated to fix the base (H) and the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C). The edges of the wrinkle-reducing sheet (C) are sealed with a sealant. [Example]

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Test specimens were prepared for the following examples and comparative examples, and the interlayer peel strength between the constraining layer and the resin layer and the rate of dimensional change due to heating were measured, and an evaluation test (reflector lamp test) was conducted during construction. Details of the examples and comparative examples, as well as the measurement and evaluation methods, are as follows.

[0048] [Example 1] A 0.28 mm thick constraining layer made of glass nonwoven fabric impregnated with a resin composition containing vinyl chloride resin was placed between resin layers made of a vinyl chloride-based resin composition, and the layers were laminated by thermal lamination to form a wrinkle-reducing sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm. [Example 2] A 1.65mm thick wrinkle-reducing sheet was created by thermally laminating a 0.15mm thick constraining layer with heat-shielding properties, consisting of an aluminum vapor deposition film and a vinyl chloride resin layer, on top of a resin layer that was a 1.5mm thick vinyl chloride resin waterproof sheet with glass cloth laminated in the middle as the base material. [Comparative Example 1] This is a 1.5 mm thick vinyl chloride resin waterproof sheet used as the resin layer in Example 2 (without a constraining layer). Comparative Example 2 This is a 1.5mm thick vinyl chloride resin waterproof sheet with a polyester cloth laminated in the middle as the base material (no restraining layer).

[0049] <Interlayer peel strength> A test piece measuring 25 mm wide and 150 mm long was peeled approximately 20 mm from the end of the joint surface between the resin layer and the constraining layer, and the end of the resin layer and the end of the constraining layer were each clamped in the chucks of a universal testing machine.A T-shaped peel was performed until the chuck gap was 100 mm under conditions of a chuck gap of 20 mm and a tensile speed of 200 mm / min, and the strength was measured at chuck displacements of 25 mm, 40 mm, 55 mm, 70 mm, and 85 mm, and the average value of the five points was taken as the strength of the test piece. The interlaminar peel strength of each test specimen was calculated as the average value of three specimens (n=3) for each test specimen.

[0050] <Dimensional change rate due to heating> Test specimens of the constraining layer alone and the architectural sheet of each example and comparative example (320 x 320 mm, with three 300 mm gauge lines at 10, 160, and 300 mm positions) were heated in an oven at 80°C for 167 hours, and the distance between the gauge lines was measured immediately after removal. The dimensional change rate Lh due to heating was then calculated using equation (1). L h =(L1-L0)×100 / L0 (1) L h : Dimensional change rate due to heating (%) L0: Dimensions before heating (mm) L1: Dimensions after heating (mm)

[0051] <Evaluation test during construction (reflector lamp test)> A test specimen was created by placing aluminum foil fixing tape with hot-melt adhesive layers on both sides of a base (a vinyl chloride building sheet glued to plywood) simulating an existing floor structure at intervals around the periphery and center of the base surface, and then placing the building sheet (910mm x 910mm) of each example and comparative example on top of it. The fixing tape was then heated and pressed onto the building sheet using an induction heating device to create a test specimen. Five reflector lamps (TTF-205 outdoor floodlight, Taikatsu Sangyo Co., Ltd., rated voltage 100V, power consumption 180W) were installed in the test area, where 25mm of urethane insulation was laid on the bottom of the test specimen to prevent heat transfer to the base. The reflector lamps were installed at four vertices of a 900mm square, 600mm above the surface of the test specimen, and 700mm above the surface of the square. After the test specimen surface was heated by irradiating it with a reflector lamp for 30 minutes, the occurrence of wrinkles on the test specimen surface was visually confirmed.

[0052] [Table 1]

[0053] As shown in Table 1, the wrinkle-reducing sheets of Examples 1 and 2, which have a constraining layer, have a smaller rate of dimensional change due to heating than the waterproof sheets of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which do not have a constraining layer, and even in a reflector lamp test, which simulates a temperature rise in the applied body, no wrinkles occur on the surface, indicating that they are effective in preventing wrinkles caused by temperature changes. [Industrial Applicability]

[0054] According to the present invention, wrinkles that occur in the sheet due to temperature changes can be reduced and the sheet has excellent workability, so it can be widely used as a construction sheet for roofs of structures, verandas, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0055] 1 restraint layer 2,2´ Resin layer 3 Base material C Wrinkle reduction sheet D Fixing tape F Fixed plate G Fastener for fixed plate H base I Extra sheet J Sealing Material K Protective Sheet

Claims

1. a resin layer containing a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer; A building sheet having a constraining layer containing a vinyl chloride resin, the constraining layer has a dimensional change rate due to heating of 0.01% or less, The thickness of the constraining layer is 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, The interlayer peel strength between the resin layer and the constraining layer is 0.3 N / mm or more, A wrinkle-reducing sheet characterized in that the dimensional change rate of the building sheet due to heating is 0.05% or less.

2. 2. The wrinkle-reduced sheet according to claim 1, wherein the solar reflectance in the wavelength range of 780 nm to 2500 nm is 60% or more.

3. A sheet-applied structure in which the wrinkle-reducing sheet according to claim 1 or 2 is partially fixed to a substrate.

4. a step of fixing the fixing plate disposed on the base to the base with a fixing plate fastener; a step of spreading the wrinkle-reduced sheet according to claim 1 or 2 over the base and the fixing plate; and a step of fixing the wrinkle-reducing sheet to the fixing plate.

5. A process of applying fixing tape on the base; spreading the wrinkle-reduced sheet according to claim 1 or 2 over the base and the fixing tape; and adhering the wrinkle-reducing sheet to the fixing tape.

6. A step of spreading the wrinkle-reduced sheet according to claim 1 or 2 on a substrate; placing a fixing plate on the wrinkle-reducing sheet; a step of fixing the fixing plate to a base using a fixing plate fastener; A sheet construction method including a step of covering the fixing plate and the fasteners for the fixing plate with an additional sheet to make it waterproof.

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