How to control weeds in your lawn or turf

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of one or more compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof, comprising a group R 1 ~R 8 is defined as in claim 1, optionally in the presence of additional pesticide active ingredients to improve the quality of turf or lawn. TIFF2025502581000022.tif63164

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plant protection and environmental health, more specifically to the use of pesticides for selective weed control in certain useful plants, in particular various plants used in lawns or turf fields, and for improving the quality of turfgrass. [Background technology]

[0002] High quality and healthy turf or lawns are essential, for example, in the golf industry, but are also generally desired for lawns, turf, green spaces, and flower beds in parks, public or private gardens, athletic fields or stadiums (e.g., more specifically, golf courses, horse racing, football, baseball, hockey, tennis turf, and utility turf such as roadsides, airports, industrial sites, etc.), ornamental gardens, plantations, and orchards. In managing lawns in gardens, golf courses, public green spaces, roadsides, etc., weed control in lawns is the most important issue in order to maintain the landscape and keep the site in good condition.

[0003] Agrochemicals used for the purpose of weed control in lawns or turf must have selective action against weeds, i.e., annual and perennial weeds and mosses, without substantial damage to the lawn or turf. Many herbicides used for weed control management do not show the required selectivity. Other agrochemicals have the drawback that weed plants are not sufficiently controlled or that some weeds are not controlled at all (gaps). Furthermore, some turfgrass species may suffer from drought stress, especially in dry seasons, and / or acquire a brownish color during dormancy that is less acceptable to consumers. Therefore, new and alternative methods for improving turfgrass quality are needed.

[0004] Compounds belonging to the structural class of substituted isoxazoline carboxamides are known as herbicides useful for weed control against a wide range of weeds in burndown applications (WO2018 / 228985 and WO2019 / 145245). It is also known to combine such herbicidal active ingredients with some other herbicides for weed control (see, for example, WO2020 / 114932).

[0005] It has now surprisingly been found that some compounds selected from the above group of substituted isoxazoline carboxamides can be used for selective weed control in turf or lawn without causing substantial damage to turf or lawn.The selectivity of weed control in turf is surprising, since compound (I) is known to be highly active not only against dicotyledonous weeds, but also against many grass weeds as well.Moreover, it has surprisingly been found that the above group of substituted isoxazoline carboxamides not only enhances the green color of turfgrass species, but also has a beneficial effect on turfgrass density. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One object of the present invention is the use of one or more substituted isoxazoline carboxamides of formula (I) or pesticidally acceptable salts thereof to enhance the greenness and / or density of turf or lawn. [ka] (In the formula, G is for OR 4 or NR 7 R 8 represents R 1 and R 2 represent hydrogen, R 3 are halogen, cyano, (C 1 ~C 5 )-substituted "m" times with a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkoxy and hydroxy (C 1 ~C 5 )-alkyl, (C 3 ~C6 )-cycloalkyl, (C 2 ~C 5 )-alkenyl, (C 2 ~C 5 )-alkynyl or (C 1 ~C 5 )-alkoxy, R 4 represents hydrogen, or As necessary, halogen, cyano, (C 1 ~C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 1 ~C 6 )Alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxy, S(O) n R 5 (C 1 ~C 12 )-alkyl, (C 3 ~C 7 )-cycloalkyl, (C 3 ~C 7 )-Cycloalkyl-(C 1 ~C 8 )-alkyl, (C 2 ~C 8 )-alkenyl, (C 5 ~C 6 )-cycloalkenyl, (C 1 ~C 4 )-alkylphenyl or (C 2 ~C 8 )-alkynyl, R 5 is optionally substituted "m" times with a substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen and cyano (C 1 ~C 8 )-alkyl, (C 2 ~C 8 )-alkenyl, (C 3 ~C 6 )-Cycloalkyl, benzyl, CON((C 1 ~C 3 )-Alkyl) 2 , or (C 1 ~C 8 )-Alkyl-C(O)-(C 1 ~C 8 )-alkyl, R 6 represents hydrogen, or Halogen, cyano and (C 1 ~C 2 ) alkoxy substituted "m" times by a substituent selected from the group consisting of (C 1 ~C 8 )-alkyl, (C 3 ~C 6 )-cycloalkyl, (C 3 ~C 8 )-alkenyl or (C 3 ~C 8 )-alkynyl, R 7 , R 8 are, independently of each other, hydrogen, (C 1 ~C 6 )-Alkoxycarbonyl-(C 1 ~C 6 )-Alkyl, N((C 1 ~C 3 )-Alkyl) 2 , S(O) n R 5 represents or R 7 and R 8 may contain, apart from the nitrogen atom, an "r" carbon atom, an "o" oxygen atom, together with the nitrogen atom bonded thereto, and may optionally contain halogen, (C 1 ~C 6 )-Alkyl, halogen-(C 1 ~C 6 )-Alkyl, oxo, CO 2 R 6 forming a saturated or partially or fully unsaturated five-, six-, or seven-membered ring substituted "m" times with substituents selected from the group consisting of: Z represents Z-1 to Z-8; [ka] whereas the arrow represents the bond to the group CO-G of formula (I), X 2 , X 4 and X 6 represent, independently of one another, hydrogen or fluorine,

[0007] X 3 and X 5 represent, independently of one another, hydrogen, chlorine, cyano or fluorine, or Optionally substituted "m" times with a substituent from the group consisting of fluorine or chlorine (C 1 ~C 3 )-alkyl, (C 1 ~C 3 )-alkoxy, m represents 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; n represents 0, 1 or 2; o represents 0, 1 or 2; r represents 3, 4, 5 or 6)

[0008] definition Halogen represents fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine radicals, preferably fluorine and chlorine radicals.

[0009] Alkyl means a saturated linear or branched hydrocarbyl group having the number of carbon atoms specified in each case, which is, for example, C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6 , C 7 , C 8 , C 9 , C 10 , C 11 , C 12 , C 13 , C 14 , C 15 , C 16 , C 17 , C 18 , C 19 , C 20 , C 21 , C 22 , C 23 , C 24 , C 25 , C 26 , C 27 , C 28 , C 29 , C 30 , C 31 , C 32 , C 33 , C 34 , C 35 , C 36 , C 37 , C 38 , C 39 , C 40 , C 41 , C 42 , C 43 , C 44 , C 45 , C 46 , C 47 , C 48 , C 49 , C 50 , C 51 , C 52 , C 53 , C 54 , C 55 , C 56 , C 57 , C 58 , C 59 , C 60 , C 61 , C 62 , C 63 , C 64 , C 65 , C 66 , C 67 , C 68 , C 69 , C 70 , C 71 , C 72 , C 73 , C 74 , C 75 , C 76 , C 77 , C 78 , C 79 , C 79 1 ~C 6 -alkyl.

[0010] Alkenyl means an unsaturated, linear or branched hydrocarbyl group having the number of carbon atoms specified in each case and one double bond in any position, for example ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl -1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-methyl-1-pentenyl, 2-methyl-1-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-pentenyl 4-methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl, 1-methyl-3-pentenyl, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-butenyl nyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-1-butenyl, 1-ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-1-butenyl, 2-ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-ethyl-3-butenyl, 1,1,C, such as 2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl and 1-ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl. 2 ~C 6 -alkenyl.

[0011] Alkynyl represents a straight or branched hydrocarbyl group having 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, carbon atoms and one triple bond at any position. Non-limiting examples include ethynyl, prop-1-ynyl, prop-2-ynyl, but-1-ynyl, but-2-ynyl, but-3-ynyl, 1-methylprop-2-ynyl, pent-1-ynyl, pent-2-ynyl, pent-3-ynyl, pent-4-ynyl, 1-methylbut-2-ynyl, 1-methylbut-3-ynyl, 2-methylbut-3-ynyl, 3-methylbut-1-ynyl, 1,1-dimethylprop-2-ynyl, 1-ethylprop-2-ynyl, hex-1-ynyl, hex-2-ynyl, hex-3-ynyl, hex-4-ynyl, hex-5-ynyl, 1-methylpent-2-ynyl, 1 Examples of dimethylbut-3-ynyl include 1-methylpent-4-ynyl, 2-methylpent-3-ynyl, 2-methylpent-4-ynyl, 3-methylpent-1-ynyl, 3-methylpent-4-ynyl, 4-methylpent-1-ynyl, 4-methylpent-2-ynyl, 1,1-dimethylbut-2-ynyl, 1,1-dimethylbut-3-ynyl, 1,2-dimethylbut-3-ynyl, 2,2-dimethylbut-3-ynyl, 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ynyl, 1-ethylbut-2-ynyl, 1-ethylbut-3-ynyl, 2-ethylbut-3-ynyl and 1-ethyl-1-methylprop-2-ynyl.

[0012] Cycloalkyl preferably means a carbocyclic saturated ring system having 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. In the case of optionally substituted cycloalkyl, ring systems with substituents are included, as well as substituents with a double bond on the cycloalkyl group, such as alkylidene groups, for example methylidene.

[0013] Alkoxy denotes saturated, straight-chain or branched alkoxy radicals having the number of carbon atoms specified in each case, such as, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy, 1,1-dimethylethoxy, pentoxy, 1-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, hexoxy, 1,1-dimethylpropoxy, 1,2-dimethylpropoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, hexoxy, 1,1-dimethylpropoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 2,2 ... C alkoxy, 1-methylpentoxy, 2-methylpentoxy, 3-methylpentoxy, 4-methylpentoxy, 1,1-dimethylbutoxy, 1,2-dimethylbutoxy, 1,3-dimethylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylbutoxy, 2,3-dimethylbutoxy, 3,3-dimethylbutoxy, 1-ethylbutoxy, 2-ethylbutoxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy. 1 ~C 6 -alkoxy. Halogen-substituted alkoxy means linear or branched alkoxy groups having the number of carbon atoms specified in each case, in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these groups can be replaced by halogen atoms as specified above, which are, for example, C alkoxy groups such as chloromethoxy, bromomethoxy, dichloromethoxy, trichloromethoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, chlorofluoromethoxy, dichlorofluoromethoxy, chlorodifluoromethoxy, 1-chloroethoxy, 1-bromoethoxy, 1-fluoroethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-1,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy, pentafluoroethoxy and 1,1,1-trifluoroprop-2-oxy. 1 ~C 2 -haloalkoxy.

[0014] In the following, the compound of formula (I) used according to the invention or a salt thereof is also referred to as "compound (I) according to the invention" or simply as "compound (I)" for short.

[0015] Compound (I) or a salt thereof is generally known from WO2018 / 228985 and WO2019 / 145245 or can be prepared according to the methods described therein.

[0016] Preferably, compound (Ia) or a pesticidally acceptable salt thereof for use in enhancing the greenness and / or density of turf or lawn, [ka] During the ceremony, X 3 , X 5 , R 3 and G is as described above; Z means Z-1a, Z-1b, Z-2a, Z-3a, Z-4a, Z-5a, Z-6a, Z-7a, Z-8a, [ka] wherein Z-4a represents a mixture of both structures Z-4b and Z-4c; [ka] Z-8a refers to a mixture of both Z-8b and Z-8c structures; [ka] The arrow denotes the bond to the group CO-G of formula (Ia).

[0017] In particular, it is preferably a compound (Ia) as shown in Table 1 or a pesticidally acceptable salt thereof for use in enhancing the greenness and / or density of turf or lawn, [ka] [Table 1-1] [Table 1-2] [Table 1-3] [Table 1-4] [Table 1-5] [Table 1-6] [Table 1-7] [Table 1-8]

[0018] Even more preferred are compounds A1.36, A1.26 and 1.68. Most preferred is A1.68.

[0019] The compounds of formula (I) and their salts (hereinafter all referred to as compounds of formula (I)) exhibit herbicidal activity against a wide range of economically important monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants. The compounds of formula (I) also act efficiently on perennial weeds that sprout from rootstocks, rootstocks, or other perennial organs and are difficult to control.

[0020] The herbicidal compound (I) exhibits excellent desirable effects in terms of enhancing the green color and / or density of a lawn or turf without damaging or substantially damaging the lawn or turf.

[0021] In the following, the term "lawn" or "turf" is used to describe more or less the same type of plant species that can be used to produce high-quality lawns or turf. Thus, when the term "lawn" is used alone, it defines the plant species that can also be used for turf, and vice versa. The term "lawn" or "turf" refers to all uses of well-maintained lawns in sports turf such as golf courses, football or soccer fields, landscape situations, parks, homes and gardens, all other situations in which grass is cultivated to achieve a well-maintained undergrowth for aesthetic or functional purposes, such as utility turf serving any kind of sports activities, roadsides, airports, industrial sites, etc. According to the present invention, "turf" is understood as a group of turf grasses that cover the surface area of ​​the ground and are subjected to regular maintenance.

[0022] More generally, the lawn or turf grass comprises annual or perennial Gramineae, preferably belonging to one or more of the genera Agropyron, Agrostis, Axonopus, Bromus, Buchloe, Cynodon, Eremochloa, Festuca, Lolium, Paspulum, Pennisetum, Phleum, Poa, Stenotaphrum or Zoysia, but also Sorghum, Andropogon, Bouteloua, Sorghastrum Schizachyrium, Muhlenbergia, Koeleria and Panicum. Examples of species within these genera include Cynodon dactylon, Cynodon transvaalensis, hybrids of these two species, Eremochloa ophiuroides, Pasapalum notatum, Zoysia spp., Stenotaphrum secundatum, Axonopus spp., Pennisetum clandestinum, Festuca rubra, Festuca arundinacea, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis tenuis, Poa pratensis, Lolium perenne, Sorghum halapense, Andropogon virginicus, Andorpogon gerardii, Boutaloua dactyloides, Sorghastrum nutans, Schizachyrium scoparium, Mulhenbergia spp., Andropogon hallii, Koleria macrantha and Panicum virgatum.

[0023] More preferably, said Gramineae belong to one or more of the genera Buchloe, Cynodon, Eremochloa, Paspulum, Pennisetum, Stenotaphrum or Zoysia. Even more preferably, said Gramineae belong to one or more of the genera Cynodon and Eremochloa, most preferably to one or more of the species Cynodon dactylon, Cynodon transvaalensis, a hybrid of these two species Eremochloa ophiuroides and Stenotraphrum secundatum.

[0024] The present invention may be practiced with all turfgrasses, including their varieties and hybrids, particularly warm-season turfgrasses.

[0025] Further examples of warm-season turfgrasses are Bermudagrasses (Cynodon LCRich), Zoysiagrasses (Zoysia Willd.), St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Watt.) Kuntze), Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) Hack.), Carpetgrass (Axonopus Beauv.), and Bahiagrass (Paspalum). notatum Flugge.), Kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.), Buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.) and Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum swartz).

[0026] The herbicidal compound (I) of the present invention can also be used to control various weeds that grow in lawns or turf fields.

[0027] The important plant varieties for such lawns and turfgrasses vary according to the species of turfgrass, but care should be taken that they are not damaged at a suitable dose of up to 200 g / ha when applied before or preferably after the emergence of turfgrass, or when applied to established turfgrasses or turfgrasses. "Established turfgrass or turfgrass" refers to dormant turfgrass or actively growing turfgrass. "Dormant turfgrass" refers to turfgrass that has already grown and sprouted, but is not actively growing due to cold weather conditions, for example, turfgrass during the vegetative period, or turfgrass where bud growth has temporarily stopped as a result of prolonged drought, heat, or cold stress.

[0028] For these reasons, the compounds of the invention are suitable for the selective control of undesirable vegetation on turf or lawn or on the soil on which the turf or lawn grows.

[0029] The term "locus" of one or more plants includes one or more plants, plant parts, plant seeds, or areas where plants are growing. Such plants are turf or turf plants. In particular, "turfgrass locus" as used herein is intended to encompass the locus where turfgrass is growing, the locus where turfgrass seeds are sown, or the locus where turfgrass seeds are placed for subsequent plant growth. According to the present invention, the "turfgrass locus" may relate to soil or substrate. Preferably, the term relates to plants or plant parts. Examples of such locus include golf courses where turfgrass is managed.

[0030] According to the present invention, the term "soil" refers to natural soils that are typically present on a land area, such as soils present on a golf course, or to modified soils, such as soils that have been granulated and / or treated with pesticides, e.g. fertilizers.

[0031] According to the present invention, the term "substrate" means a medium for the growth of turfgrass and the like, suitable for application to various existing ground structures. Typically, such a medium is a soilless mixture containing a sufficient proportion of elastomeric granules, a suitable binding emulsion, mineral aggregates, fillers, and controlled release plant nutrient particles, so that when laid and cured, the mixture creates a water-permeable elastic substrate with air pockets through which the root system of the turfgrass can penetrate. The turfgrass growing on said substrate can form a turf lawn, which can be applied to non-porous surfaces, such as, for example, building roofs, terraces and other hard surface areas, or to porous surfaces, such as, for example, soccer fields or golf courses. The elastomeric granules can be, for example, rubber granules, recycled vehicle tire rubber granules, or mixtures thereof.

[0032] The compounds (I) according to the invention are generally applied to turfgrass plants or their seeds by treating the locus of the turfgrass plants or their seeds with an agricultural composition comprising one or more compounds (I) or their salts.

[0033] The amount of compound (I) to be applied depends on various factors, such as the subject of treatment, such as a plant or soil, the type of treatment, such as spraying or dusting, the purpose of the treatment, such as prevention or treatment, the time of application, environmental conditions, or the type of turfgrass.

[0034] The compound (I) according to the present invention can be applied to the lawn or turf locus in a composition comprising one or more compounds (I) or salts thereof ("composition according to the present invention"). In the above embodiment of the present invention, the compound (I) or composition of the present invention is preferably applied to the lawn or turf locus by spraying or immersion with a liquid (sprayable) formulation or a soluble or dispersible formulation. Spray and immersion applications with water volumes of 50 to 10,000 liters per hectare can be carried out using all common application equipment such as large motor-driven commercial spray equipment, knapsack sprayers, hose-end applicators, RTU pump sprayers, aerosol cans, ULV applicators, or watering cans.

[0035] Furthermore, the herbicidal compounds (I) can be applied by spray or granular (active ingredient on inert material or active ingredient on fertilizer) formulations. In all application methods, it is also possible to water the products with additional irrigation after application.

[0036] In one embodiment, the composition is applied to the (locus of) turfgrass as a sprayable liquid formulation. In another embodiment, the composition is applied to the (locus of) turfgrass as a granular formulation. Suitable granules include inert granules and fertilizer granules. The active ingredient can be dispersed throughout, impregnated, or coated on the surface of the granule.

[0037] Turfgrass treatment can be performed by a lawn care professional, a green space care professional, or a homeowner.

[0038] For example, to maintain high quality, healthy turfgrass on an intended ground surface area, such as a golf course, a sports field, a park area or a home lawn, and to protect said turfgrass from weed plants, the composition according to the present invention is applied to the turfgrass one or more times during turfgrass maintenance.

[0039] Preferably, compositions according to the present invention are applied to the turfgrass one or more times during the turfgrass' growing season or during the turfgrass' winter dormancy.

[0040] The composition according to the invention can be applied to the soil before or after sowing or placing turfgrass seeds in the soil, or the composition according to the invention can be applied to a substrate for turfgrass growth before or after placing turfgrass seeds in the substrate, or the composition according to the invention can be applied to the soil before placing turfgrass grown on the substrate on the soil together with the substrate.

[0041] When used at appropriate rates, the compositions of the present invention can increase the green color and / or density of turfgrass, without substantially damaging existing or later growing portions of the turfgrass.

[0042] The application rate of the compound of formula (I) or its salt can vary within a wide range and generally depends on the grass species, soil type and weather conditions, or whether the compound is combined with other herbicidal active ingredients.Suitable application rates are generally within the range of 0.01-2000g of active ingredient (= compound (I)) per hectare (ai / ha), preferably 0.5-500g ai / ha, more preferably 1-250g ai / ha.When using the present invention on grass, suitable application rates are within the range of 0.5-250g / ha, preferably 20-220g / ha, more preferably 25-200g / ha.

[0043] Compound (I) can also be used in combination with other pesticidal active substances or nutrients, such as insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, fungicides, safeners, fertilizers and / or growth regulators.

[0044] Thus, the present invention also relates to a method for improving the quality of a lawn or turf, which method comprises applying one or more type (A) herbicides, optionally together, to weeds, parts of weed plants, seeds of weed plants, or the cultivated area on which the lawn or turf plants are growing or will be sown, before or after treatment with one or more other active ingredients selected from the group consisting of type (B) herbicides and optionally other type (C) active ingredients useful in the treatment of lawns or turf.

[0045] Type (A) herbicides are compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof:

[0046] Type (B) herbicides are other herbicides that are useful in combination with compound (I) to broaden the spectrum of weeds to be controlled or to enhance herbicidal efficacy (some possible Type B herbicides are mentioned further below).

[0047] A type (C) active ingredient useful for treating turf or turf can be, for example, an insecticide, acaricide, fungicide, safener, fertilizer, and / or growth regulator or nutrient useful for treating turf or turf against a phytopathogenic disease or for regulating or promoting the growth of turf or turf.

[0048] Possible combination partners of the active ingredients of the present invention as herbicides of type (B) in mixed formulations or tank mixes are known active ingredients based, for example, on the inhibition of acetolactate synthase, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, PS I, PS II, HPPDO, phytoene desaturase, protoporphyrinogen oxidase, glutamine synthetase, cellulose biosynthesis, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthetase, etc. Such compounds, and possibly other usable compounds having unknown or different mechanisms of action, are described, for example, in Weed Research 26, 441-445 (1986), or in "The Pesticide Manual", 14th edition 2006 / 2007, published by the British Crop Protection Council (hereinafter also abbreviated as "PM"), "The e-Pesticide Manual", version 4.0 2006 / 2007, published by the British Crop Protection Council, and references cited therein, and in the "Compendium of Pesticide Common Names", available on the Internet (http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / ).

[0049] Herbicides, plant growth regulators and safeners which are known from the literature and which can be combined with the compounds of formula (I) include, for example, the following active ingredients (Note: the compounds are referred to either by their common name according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or by their chemical name, optionally accompanied by the customary code number):

[0050] Acetochlor, Acifluorfen, Acifluorfen Sodium, Aclonifen, Alachlor, Allidochlor, Alloxydim, Alloxydim Sodium, Ametryn, Amicarbazone, Amidochlor, Amidosulfuron, 4-Amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indol-6-yl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, Aminocyclopyrachlor, Aminocyclopyrachlor Potassium, Aminocyclopyrachlor Methyl, Aminopyralid, Amylol, Ammonium Sulfamate, Anilofos, Aci duram, atrazine, azafenidine, azimsulfuron, beflubutamid, benazolin, benazolin ethyl, benfluralin, benfuresate, bensulfuron, bensulfuron methyl, bensulide, bentazon, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone, bifenox, bilanaphos, bilanaphos sodium, bispyribac, bispyribac sodium, bixlozone, bromacil, bromobutide, bromofenoxime, bromoxynil, bromoxynil butyrate, potassium, heptanoic acid, and octanoic acid, butoxynil. , butachlor, butafenacil, butamiphos, butenachlor, butralin, butroxydim, butyrate, cafenstrole, carbetamide, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, chloramben, chlorbromuron, 1-{2-chloro-3-[(3-cyclopropyl-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)carbonyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}piperidin-2-one, 4-{2-chloro-3-[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl}pyridin-2-one, phenyl)benzoyl}-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-yl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, chlorfenac, chlorfenac sodium, chlorfenprop, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol methyl, chloridazon, chlorimuron, chlorimuron ethyl, 2-[2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)benzoyl]-3-hydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-one, 4-{2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)-3-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)methyl]benzoyl}-1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, chlorophthalim, chlorotoluron, chlorthal dimethyl, 3-[5-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-1-methylimidazolidin-2-one, chlorsulfuron, cinidon, cinidon ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, clasifos, clethodim, clodinafop, clodinafop propargy , clomazone, clomeprop, clopyralid, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, cumyluron, cyanamide, cyanazine, cycloate, cyclopyranyl, cyclopyrimorate, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxydim, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, cyprazine, 2,4-D, 2,4-D-butotyl, -butyl, -dimethylammonium, -diolamine, -ethyl, -2-ethylhexyl, -isobutyl, -isooctyl, -isopropylammonium, -potassium, -triisopropanoic acid ammonium, and -trolamine, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DB-butyl, -dimethylammonium, -isooctyl, -potassium, and -sodium, dymron (dymron), dalapon, dazomet, n-decanol, desmedipham, detosylpyrazolate (DTP), dicamba, dichlobenil, dichloroprop, dichloroprop-P, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, diclofop-P-methyl, diclosulam, difenzoquat, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, diflu Fenzopyr sodium, Dimefuron, Dimepiperate, Dimethachlor, Dimethametryn, Dimethenamid, Dimethenamid-P, 3-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-6-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl)carbonyl]-1-methylquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)dione, 1,3-dimethyl-4-[2-(methylsulfonyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, Dimetrasulfuron, dinitramine, dinoterb, diphenamide, diquat, diquat-dibromide, dithiopyr, diuron, DMPA, DNOC, endothal, EPTC, esprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethamelfuron, ethamelfuron methyl, ethiozin, ethofumesate, ethoxyphene, ethoxyphene ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanide, ethyl-[(3-{2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3,6-dihydropyr N-{2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[4-(3-fluoropropyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]phenyl}ethanesulfonamide; F-7967, 3-[7-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fenoxasulfone, fenquinotrione, bentolazamide, flamprop, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, flazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, flucarbazone, flucarbazone sodium, flucetosulfuro fluchloralin, flufenacet, flufenpyr, flufenpyr ethyl, flumetsulam, flumiclorac, flumiclorac pentyl, flumioxazin, fluometuron, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, dimethylammonium and methyl, fluoroglycofen, fluoroglycofen ethyl, flupropanoic acid, flupyrsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron methyl sodium, fluridone, fluorochloridone, fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr meptyl, flurtamone, fluthiacet, fluthiacet methyl, fomesafen, fomesafen sodium, foramsulfuron, fosamine, glufosinate, glufosinate ammonium, glufosinate-p-sodium, glufosinate-p-ammonium, glufosinate-p-sodium, glyphosate, glyphosate ammonium, isopropylammonium, diammonium, dimethylammonium, potassium, sodium and trimesium, H-920 1, i.e., O-(2,4-dimethyl-6-nitrophenyl)O-ethyl isopropyl phosphoramidothioate, haloxifene, haloxifene-methyl, halosafen, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl, haloxyfop-P-ethoxyethyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, hexazinone, HW-02, i.e., 1-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)ethyl-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)acetate, 4-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]imidazolidin-2-one, 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]imidazolidin-2-one, (5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)(3,3,4-trimethyl-1,1-dioxide-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-5-yl)methanone, 6-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl)carbonyl]-1,5-dimethyl-3-(2-methylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, imazamethabenz, imazamethabenz methyl, imazamox, imazamox ammo nium, imazapic, imazapic ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr isopropyl ammonium, imazaquin, imazaquin ammonium, imazethapyr, imazethapyrrinmonium, imazosulfuron, indanofan, indaziflam, iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron methyl sodium, ioxynil, ioxynil octanoate, potassium and sodium, ipfencarbazone, isoproturon, isosulon, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, carbutilate, KUH-043, i.e., 3-({[5-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]methyl}sulfonyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole, ketospiradox, Lactofen, Lenacil, Linuron, MCPA, MCPA-butotyl, -dimethylammonium, -2-ethylhexyl, -isopropylammonium, -potassium, and -sodium, MCPB, MCPB-methyl, -ethyl, and -sodium, Mecoprop, Mecoprop-sodium, and -butotyl, Mecoprop-P, Mecoprop-P-butotyl, -dimethylammonium, -2-ethylhexyl, -potassium, Mefenacet, Mefluidide, Mesosulfuron, Mesosulfuron-methyl, Mesotrione, Methabenzthiazuron, Metam, Metamifop, Metamitron, Metazachlor, Metazosulfuron, Methabenzthiazuron, Methiopyrsulfuron, Methiozolin, 2-({2-[(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidinyl)-1,2-dihydro-1,2-trifluoroethane, ... lysine-3-yl}carbonyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione, methyl isothiocyanate, 1-methyl-4-[(3,3,4-trimethyl-1,1-dioxide-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophen-5-yl)carbonyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-ylpropane-1-sulfonate, metobromuron, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, metosulam, methoxron, metribuzin, metsulfuron, metsulfuron methyl, molinat, monolinuron, monosulfuron, monosulfuron-ester, MT-5950, i.e., N-(3-chloro-4-isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpentanamide, NGGC-011, napropamide, NC-310, i.e., [5-(benzyloxy)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl](2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanone, nebulon, nicosulfuron, nonanoic acid (pelargonic acid), norflurazon, oleic acid (fatty acid), orbencarb, orthosulfamuron, oryzalin, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefon, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, paraquat dichloride, pebulate, pendimethalin, penoxsulam, pentachlorophenol, pentoxazone, petroleum, phenmedipham, picro Ram, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperophos, pretilachlor, primisulfuron, primisulfuron methyl, prodiamine, profoxydim, prometon, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, proisochlor, propoxycarbazone, propoxycarbazone sodium, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, pyraclonil, pyraflufen, pyraflufen ethyl, pyri Lasulfotole, pyrazolinate (pyrazolate), pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron ethyl, pyrazoxyfen, pyribambenz, pyribambenz-isopropyl, pyribambenz-propyl, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyridafol, pyridinate, pyriftalid, pyriminobac, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyroxasulfone, pyroxulam, quinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, Quizalofop, Quizalofop-ethyl, Quizalofop-P, Quizalofop-P-ethyl, Quizalofop-P-tefuryl, QYM-201, QYR-301, Rimsulfuron, Saflufenacil, Sethoxydim, Siduron, Simazine, Simetryn, SL-261, Sulcotrione, Sulfentrazone, Sulfometuron, Sulfometuron-methyl, Sulfosulfuron, SYN-523, SYP-249, i.e., 1-ethoxy-3-methyl-1-oxobut-3-en-2-yl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid, SYP-300, i.e., 1-[7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-3-propyl-2-thioxoimidazolidine-4,5-dione, 2,3,6-TBA, TCA (trichloroacetic acid), TCA sodium, tebuthiuron, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tepraloxydim, terbacil, terbucarb, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, tetflupyrolimet, thenylchlor, thiazopyr, thiencarbazone, thiencarbazone methyl, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron methyl, thiobencarb, thiaphenacyl, torpiralate, topramezone, tralkoxydim, tri Afamon, Triallate, Triasulfuron, Triaziflam, Tribenuron, Tribenuron methyl, Triclopyr, Trietazine, Trifloxysulfuron, Trifloxysulfuron sodium, Trifludimoxazine, Trifluralin, Triflusulfuron, Triflusulfuron methyl, Tritosulfuron, Urea sulfate, Bemorate, ZJ-0862, i.e., 3,4-dichloro-N-{2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]benzyl}aniline.,

[0051] Preferably, the herbicide combination (A)+(B) comprises one or more compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof (=herbicide (A)) and, for example, carbamates, thiocarbamates, haloacetanilides, substituted phenoxy-, naphthoxy- and phenoxyphenoxy carboxylic acid derivatives, as well as heteroaryloxyphenoxyalkane carboxylic acid derivatives, such as quinolyloxy-, quinoxalyloxy-, pyridyloxy-, benzoxazolyloxy- and benzothiazolyloxyphenoxyalkane carboxylic acid esters, cyclohexanedione oximes, benzoylcyclohexanedione, benzoyl and a herbicide (B) selected from the group consisting of isoxazoles, benzoylpyrazoles, imidazolinones, pyrimidinyloxypyridine carboxylic acid derivatives, pyrimidyloxybenzoic acid derivatives, sulfonylureas, sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinones, triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide derivatives, phosphinic acid derivatives and their salts, glycine derivatives, triazolinones, triazinones, and also S-(N-aryl-N-alkylcarbamoylmethyl)dithiophosphates, pyridine carboxylic acids, pyridines, pyridinecarboxamides, 1,3,5-triazines and others.

[0052] Preference is given here to phenoxyphenoxy- and heteroaryloxyphenoxy carboxylic acid esters and salts, cyclohexanedione oximes, benzoylcyclohexanediones, benzoylisoxazoles, benzoylpyrazoles, sulfonylureas, sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinones, imidazolinones, and mixtures of said active compounds with each other and / or with active compounds used to broaden the activity spectrum of herbicides, such as, for example, bentazon, cyanazine, atrazine, bromoxynil, dicamba and other foliar-acting herbicides.

[0053] Preferably, the herbicide combination (A)+(B) comprises a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof or comprises one or more compounds of formula (I) or a salt thereof and a herbicide (B)(s) ​​each selected from the group consisting of: (B1) 2,4-D and its esters and salts, (B2) Amicalvazone, (B3) Amidosulfuron or a salt thereof, for example, (B3.1) Amidosulfuron, (B4) Aminocyclopyrachlor or its salts or esters, for example (B4.1) aminocyclopyrachlor, (B4.2) aminocyclopyrachlor methyl, (B5) Aminopyramide or a salt thereof, for example, (B5.1) Aminopyramide, (B6) Bentazon, (B7) Bromoxynil or its esters, for example (B7.1) bromoxynil, (B7.2) bromoxynil-heptanoate, (B7.3) bromoxynil-octanoate, (B8) Carfentrazone and its esters and salts, for example, (8.1) carfentrazone, (8.2) carfentrazone-ethyl, (B9) chlorsulfuron, (B10) Dicamba and its esters and salts, for example, (10.1) dicamba, (10.2) dicamba sodium, (10.3) dicamba potassium, (10.4) dicamba dimethylammonium, (10.5) dicamba isopropylammonium, (10.5) dicamba diglycolamine salt, (10.4) dicamba butotyl, (B11) diflufenican, (B12) dimenamide, (B13) dithiopyr, (B14) Ethofumesate, (B15) Ethoxysulfuron or its salts, for example (B15.1) ethoxysulfuron, (B15.2) sodium ethoxysulfuron, (B16) Flazasulfuron, (B17) Florpyrauxifen, (B18) Fluoroxypyr or its esters, for example (B18.1) fluoroxypyr, (B18.2) fluoroxypyr-methyl, (B18.3) fluoroxypyr-2-butoxy-1-methylethyl, (B19) Floraslam, (B20) Foramsulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (20.1) Foramsulfuron, (B21) Fatty acids, for example fatty acids having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, such as (B21.1) acetic acid, (B21.2) propionic acid, (B21.3) butanoic acid, (B21.4) pentanoic acid, (B21.5) hexanoic acid, (B21.6) heptanoic acid, (B21.7) octanoic acid, (B21.8) nonanoic acid, (B21.9) decanoic acid, (B21.10) undecanoic acid, (B21.11) dodecanoic acid, preferably C 8 ~C 12 Fatty acids, more preferably (B21.8) nonanoic acid and (B21.9) decanoic acid; (B22) Glufosinate or a salt thereof, for example (B22.1) glufosinate, (B22.2) glufosinate ammonium, (B22.3) glufosinate sodium, (B23) Glufosinate-P (=L-glufosinate or phosphinothricin) or salts thereof, for example (B23.1) glufosinate-P, (B23.2) glufosinate-P-sodium, (B23.3) glufosinate-P-ammonium, (B24) Glyphosate or its salts, for example (B24.1) glyphosate, (B24.2) glyphosate-sodium, (B24.3) glyphosate-potassium, (B.4) glyphosate-ammonium, (B.5) glyphosate-diammonium, (B24.6) glyphosate-isopropylammonium, (B25) Haloxifene, (B26) Halosulfuron, (B27) Indaziflam, (B28) Iodosulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (B28.1) iodosulfuron, (B28.2) iodosulfuron methyl, (B28.3) iodosulfuron methyl sodium, (B29) ipfencarbazone, (B30) isoxaflutole, (B31) Mecoprop and mecoprop-P, as well as their esters and salts, for example (31.1) mecoprop and its esters and salts, (31.2) mecoprop-P and its esters and salts, (31.3) mecoprop, (31.4) mecoprop-P, (31.5) mecoprop-sodium, (31.6) mecoprop-butotyl, (31.7) mecoprop-P, (31.8) mecoprop-P-sodium, (31.9) mecoprop-P-potassium, (31.10) mecoprop-P-butotyl, (31.11) mecoprop-P-2-ethyl-hexyl. (B32) Mesosulfuron and its esters or salts, for example, (B32.1) Mesosulfuron, (B32.2) Mesosulfuron-methyl, (B33) Mesotrione, (B34) Methoslam, (B35) Metsulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (35.1) Metsulfuron, (35.2) Metsulfuron methyl, (B36) Oxadiazon and its salts, for example, (36.1) Oxadiazon, (B37) Paraquat and its salts, for example, (B37.1) Paraquat dichloride, (B38) pendimethalin, (B39) Penoxsulam and its salts, for example, (B39.1) Penoxsulam, (B40) Picloram and its esters and salts, for example, (B40.1) picloram, (B40.2) picloram potassium, (B40.3) picloram dimethylammonium, (B40.4) picloram triisopropylammonium, (B40.5) picloram triethanolammonium, (B40.6) picloram triisopropanolammonium, (B40.7) picloram isooctyl, (B41) prodiamine, (B42) Pyrasulfotole and its salts, for example, (B20.1) Pyrasulfotole, (B43) Pyrimisulfan, (B44) Pyroxasulfone (KIH-485) and its salts, for example, (B44.1) Pyroxasulfone, (B45) Piroxulam and its salts, for example, (B45.1) Piroxulam, (B46) Rimsulfuron and its salts, for example, (B46.1) Rimsulfuron, (B47) Saflufenacil and its salts, for example, (B47.1) Saflufenacil, (B48) Sclerotinia (biological herbicide), (B49) Sulfentrazone and its salts, for example, (49.1) Sulfentrazone, (B50) Sulfosulfuron, (B51) SYN-449 and its salts, such as (B51.1) SYN-449, i.e. 4-hydroxy-3-[[2-[(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-methyl]-6-trifluoromethyl-3-pyridinyl]-carbonyl]-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-one, (B52) SYN-523 and its salts, such as (B58.1) SYN-523, i.e. [[3-[2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester, (B53) Tembotrione and its salts, for example, (B53.1) Tembotrione, (B54) Tetfulpyrolimet, (B55) Thiencarbazones and their esters and salts, for example, (B55.1) thiencarbazone, (B55.2) thiencarbazone-methyl, (B55.3) thiencarbazone-methyl sodium, (B56) Thifensulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (B56.1) Thifensulfuron, (B56.2) Thifensulfuron methyl, (B56.3) Thifensulfuron methyl sodium, (B57) Thiafenacil, (B58) Topra Maison, (B59) Tribenuron and its esters and salts, for example, (B59.1) tribenuron, (B59.2) tribenuron methyl, (B59.3) tribenuron methyl sodium, (B60) Trifloxysulfuron and its salts, for example, (B60.1) Trifloxysulfuron, (B60.2) Trifloxysulfuron-sodium, (B61) trifludimoxazine, (B62) MCPA and its esters and salts, for example, (62.1) MCPA, (62.2) MCPA-sodium, (62.3) MCPA-potassium, (62.4) MCPA-dimethylammonium, (62.5) mecoprop-P-2-ethyl-hexyl, (B63) Fenoxaprop and its esters and salts, for example, (63.1) Fenoxaprop, (63.2) Fenoxaprop-ethyl, (B64) Fenoxaprop-P and its esters and salts, for example, (64.1) Fenoxaprop-P, (64.2) Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, (B65) Triclopyr and its esters and salts, for example, (65.1) Triclopyr, (65.2) Triclopyr-triethylammonium, (65.3) Triclopyr-butotyl, (B66) Metribuzin or a salt thereof, preferably metribuzin (B66.1), (B67) Pronamide, and (B68) Shimajin.

[0054] More preferably, the herbicide combination (A)+(B) comprises a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof or comprises one or more compounds of formula (I) or a salt thereof and a herbicide (B)(s) ​​each selected from the group consisting of: (B1) 2,4-D and its esters and salts, (B2) Amicalvazone, (B4) Aminocyclopyrachlor or its salts or esters, for example (B4.1) aminocyclopyrachlor, (B4.2) aminocyclopyrachlor methyl, (B5) Aminopyramide or a salt thereof, for example, (B5.1) Aminopyramide, (B6) Bentazon, (B8) Carfentrazone and its esters and salts, for example, (8.1) carfentrazone, (8.2) carfentrazone-ethyl, (B9) chlorsulfuron, (B10) Dicamba and its esters and salts, for example, (10.1) dicamba, (10.2) dicamba sodium, (10.3) dicamba potassium, (10.4) dicamba dimethylammonium, (10.5) dicamba isopropylammonium, (10.5) dicamba diglycolamine salt, (10.4) dicamba butotyl, (B11) diflufenican, (B12) dimenamide, (B13) dithiopyr, (B16) Flazasulfuron, (B17) Florpyrauxifen, (B18) Fluoroxypyr or its esters, for example (B18.1) fluoroxypyr, (B18.2) fluoroxypyr-methyl, (B18.3) fluoroxypyr-2-butoxy-1-methylethyl, (B19) Floraslam, (B20) Foramsulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (20.1) Foramsulfuron, (B24) Glyphosate or its salts, for example (B24.1) glyphosate, (B24.2) glyphosate-sodium, (B24.3) glyphosate-potassium, (B24.4) glyphosate-ammonium, (B24.5) glyphosate-diammonium, (B24.6) glyphosate-isopropylammonium, (B25) Haloxifene, (B26) Halosulfuron, (B27) Indaziflam, (B28) Iodosulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (B28.1) iodosulfuron, (B28.2) iodosulfuron methyl, (B28.3) iodosulfuron methyl sodium, (B29) ipfencarbazone, (B30) isoxaflutole, (B31) Mecoprop and mecoprop-P, as well as their esters and salts, for example (31.1) mecoprop and its esters and salts, (31.2) mecoprop-P and its esters and salts, (31.3) mecoprop, (31.4) mecoprop-P, (31.5) mecoprop-sodium, (31.6) mecoprop-butotyl, (31.7) mecoprop-P, (31.8) mecoprop-P-sodium, (31.9) mecoprop-P-potassium, (31.10) mecoprop-P-butotyl, (31.11) mecoprop-P-2-ethyl-hexyl. (B33) Mesotrione, (B35) Metsulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (35.1) Metsulfuron, (35.2) Metsulfuron methyl, (B36) Oxadiazon and its salts, for example, (36.1) Oxadiazon, (B38) pendimethalin, (B39) Penoxsulam and its salts, for example, (B39.1) Penoxsulam, (B41) prodiamine, (B43) Pyrimisulfan, (B46) Rimsulfuron and its salts, for example, (B46.1) Rimsulfuron, (B49) Sulfentrazone and its salts, for example, (49.1) Sulfentrazone, (B50) Sulfosulfuron, (B54) Tetfulpyrolimet, (B55) Thiencarbazones and their esters and salts, for example, (B55.1) thiencarbazone, (B55.2) thiencarbazone-methyl, (B55.3) thiencarbazone-methyl sodium, (B57) Thiafenacil, (B58) Topra Maison, (B60) Trifloxysulfuron and its salts, for example, (B60.1) Trifloxysulfuron, (B60.2) Trifloxysulfuron-sodium, (B61) trifludimoxazine, (B67) Pronamide, and (B68) Shimajin.

[0055] Most preferably, the herbicide (B) is (B27) indaziflam or (B55.2) thiencarbazone-methyl.

[0056] Some of the above compounds may belong to the same structural type or the same type of mode of action, or both. In such cases, the herbicidal properties of the combination (A) with other herbicides (B) are similar if these herbicides belong to the same structural type and / or mode of action, especially compared to the herbicidal combinations (A)+(B) mentioned above and below.

[0057] The salts are generally agriculturally applicable salts, preferably metal salts such as alkali metal salts, or optionally substituted ammonium salts such as ammonium salts, mono-, di-, or trialkyl- or hydroxyalkylammonium salts.

[0058] Herbicide combinations are described in the references listed above (such as the Pesticide Manual), and other references are as follows:

[0059] Preferably, the combination of a compound (A) selected from the list of compounds in Table 1 (compounds A1 to A127) and a herbicide (B) is as follows: (A)+(B1), (A)+(B2), (A)+(B4), (A)+(B4.1), (A)+(B5), (A)+(B5.1), (A)+(B6), (A)+(B8), (A)+(B8.1), (A)+(B9), (A)+(B10), (A)+(B10.1), (A)+(B11), (A)+(B12), (A)+(B13), (A)+(B16), (A)+(B17), (A)+(B18), (A)+(B18.1), (A)+(B19), (A)+(B20) ), (A)+(20.1), (A)+(B24), (A)+(B24.1), (A)+(B24.2), (A)+(B24.3), (A)+(B24.4), (A)+(B24.5), (A)+(B24.6), (A)+(B25), (A)+(B26), (A)+(B27), (A)+(B28), (A)+(B28.1), (A)+(B29), (A)+(B30), (A)+(B31), (A)+(B31.2), (A)+(B31.4), (A)+(B33), (A)+(B35), (A)+(B35.1), (A)+(B36), (A)+(B36.1), (A)+(B38), (A)+(B39), (A)+(B39.1), (A)+(B41), (A)+(B43), (A)+(B46), (A)+(B46.1), (A)+(B49), (A)+(B149.1), (A)+(B50), (A)+(B54), (A)+(B55), (A)+(B55.2), (A)+(B57), (A)+(B58), (A)+(B60), (A)+(B60.1), (A)+(B61), (A)+(B67), or (A)+(B68).

[0060] More preferably, the combination (A)+(B) is selected from the above combinations, where (A) is a compound of Table 1 having the numbers (A1.26), (A1.36) and (A1.68), as well as mixtures and / or salts thereof.

[0061] Even more preferably, the combination of herbicide (A) and herbicide (B) is selected from: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">(A1.68)+(B1)、(A1.68)+(B2)、(A1.68)+(B4)、(A1.68)+(B4.1)、(A1. 68)+(B5)、(A1.68)+(B5.1)、(A1.68)+(B6)、(A1.68)+(B8)、(A1.68)+ (B8.1)、(A1.68)+(B9)、(A1.68)+(B10)、(A1.68)+(B10.1)、(A1.68)+ (B11)、(A1.68)+(B12)、(A1.68)+(B13)、(A1.68)+(B16)、(A1.68)+(B1) 7)、(A1.68)+(B18)、(A1.68)+(B18.1)、(A1.68)+(B19)、(A1.68)+(B2) 0)、(A1.68)+(20.1)、(A1.68)+(B24)、(A1.68)+(B24.1)、(A1.68)+(B 24.2)、(A1.68)+(B24.3)、(A1.68)+(B24.4)、(A1.68)+(B24.5)、(A1. 68)+(B24.6)、(A1.68)+(B25)、(A1.68)+(B26)、(A1.68)+(B27)、(A1.6) 8)+(B28)、(A1.68)+(B28.1)、(A1.68)+(B29)、(A1.68)+(B30)、(A1.6) 8)+(B31)、(A1.68)+(B31.2)、(A1.68)+(B31.4)、(A1.68)+(B33)、(A1) .68)+(B35)、(A1.68)+(B35.1)、(A1.68)+(B36)、(A1.68)+(B36.1)、(A1.68)+(B38)、(A1.68)+(B39)、(A1.68)+(B39.1)、(A1.68)+(B41)、(A 1.68)+(B43)、(A1.68)+(B46)、(A1.68)+(B46.1)、(A1.68)+(B49)、(A 1.68)+(B149.1)、(A1.68)+(B50)、(A1.68)+(B54)、(A1.68)+(B55)、(A 1.68)+(B55.2)、(A1.68)+(B57)、(A1.68)+(B58)、(A1.68)+(B60)、(A 1.68)+(B60.1)、(A1.68)+(B61)、(A1.68)+(B67)、または(A1.68)+(B68)。<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">

[0062] <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Most preferred are the combinations (A1.68)+(B27) and (A1.68)+(B55.2).

[0063] Preferably, the combination (A)+(B) is selected from the above combinations, in which (A) is a compound having an optical purity corresponding to from 60 to 100% of the (R)-isomer(s), preferably from 70 to 100% of the (R)-isomer(s), more preferably from 80 to 100% of the (R)-isomer(s), in each case relative to the total amount of stereoisomer(s) having the (R)- and (S)-configuration at the marked position 1 in formula (I), such as numbers (A1), (A2), (A3), (A4), (A5), (A6), (A7), (A8), (A9), (A10), (A11), (A13), (A16), (A17), (A18), (A19), (A21), (A22), (A23), (A24), (A25), (A26), (A28), (A29), (A30), (A31), (A32), (A33), (A34), (A35), (A36), (A37), (A38), (41), (A42), (A43), (A44), (A53), (A54), (A55), (A56), (A63), (A65), (A66) or (A69).

[0064] The weight ratio of compound (A) to insecticide can vary within a wide range, the optimum weight ratio depending on both the compound (A) and insecticide used and the type of useful plant to be treated. The weight ratio of compound (A)(s) to compound (B)(s) ​​is, for example, 1000:1 to 1:1000, preferably 200:1 to 1:200, in particular 100:1 to 1:100.

[0065] The actual application rate of the herbicide (A) may generally be reduced if the compound is combined with other herbicidally active ingredients (B).

[0066] The total application rate of compounds (A)+(B) is preferably within the range of 0.01 to 3000 g ai / ha, more specifically 0.02 to 1000 g ai / ha.

[0067] It is therefore another object of the present invention to advantageously use the above combination to improve the quality of a turf or lawn, which is valuable because it does not substantially damage the turfgrass, preferably when the turfgrass is part of an established turf or lawn.

[0068] In many cases, these combinations surprisingly have selectivity in turf or lawns that is equal to or better than either compound (A) or (B) alone.

[0069] Another advantageous property found for the combination of herbicides (A) and (B) according to the invention is that the active compounds (A) and (B) are mutually compatible, i.e. they can be used together without substantial chemical incompatibility of the active compounds (A) and / or (B) which would cause degradation of one or more of the active compounds. Thus, a reduction in the content of the active compounds in the formulation or spray solution is avoided. The advantageous compatibility also extends to the biological properties of the active compounds when applied in combination. Thus, antagonistic effects in the control of harmful plants are generally not observed with the combination of active compounds according to the invention. Thus, the active compounds (A) and (B) are particularly suitable for joint or additional application with further active crop protection agents or pesticides. The possible combined application makes it possible to take advantage of advantageous effects such as, for example, a further improvement in the quality of the lawn or turf, a reduction in the application rate of the individual compounds (A) and / or (B) compared to the respective application rates of the compounds in question in the individual applications. Thus, the decomposition properties of the active compounds can be influenced and more favorable conditions for the replanting of the crop can be achieved. A further advantage when both compounds (A) and (B) are also active as herbicides lies in the fact that by the combination of active compounds having different modes of action the development of resistance in harmful plants to the active compounds can often be substantially reduced or avoided.

[0070] In particular, it has been found that, surprisingly, when applied in combination with active compounds (A) and (B) for a relatively large number of economically important harmful plants or for improving the quality of lawns or turf, there is also a superadditive (=synergistic) effect, where the activity of the combination is stronger than the expected sum of the activities of the individual compounds used.

[0071] The synergistic effects allow further reduction in application rates, control of a wider range of broadleaf weeds and weeds (both compounds (A) and (B) are herbicides), more rapid onset of herbicidal action, longer persistence, better control of harmful plants with only one or a few applications, and extended application periods. By using the compositions, the amount of harmful components such as nitrogen or oleic acid and their introduction into the soil are likewise reduced to some extent.

[0072] The above properties and advantages are desirable in weed control practice to not only protect turf and / or lawns from undesirable competing plants, but also to improve the quality of turf and / or lawns, thereby ensuring and / or increasing yield levels from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. These novel combinations significantly exceed the state of the art in view of the properties described.

[0073] Synergistic effects are observed when active compound (A) is applied together with (B), but these effects can also frequently occur when the compounds are applied in separate applications over time. Another possibility is to apply compound (A) or (B), or a combination of compounds (A) and (B), in several separate applications (sequential application). For example, one or more pre-emergence applications can be followed by post-emergence applications, or an early post-emergence application can be followed by a middle or late post-emergence application. Preferably, the active compounds of the combination in question are applied simultaneously or almost simultaneously, if appropriate, in several separate applications. However, it is also possible to apply the individual active compounds of the combination at different times, which may be advantageous in individual cases. It is also possible to incorporate other crop protection agents into the application system, such as the other active compounds mentioned above (other herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, etc.) and / or various auxiliaries, adjuvants and / or fertilizer applications.

[0074] The herbicide (A), optionally in combination with the herbicide (B), can also be applied with other type (C) active ingredients useful for treating turf or lawns. Type (C) active ingredients useful for treating turf or lawns can be, for example, insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, safeners, fertilizers, and / or growth regulators or nutrients useful for treating turf or lawns against phytopathogenic diseases or for regulating or promoting the growth of turf or lawns.

[0075] The above combinations may also optionally additionally or preferably comprise safeners as component (C). Safeners have already been mentioned in the context of the herbicide combination partners. Examples of safeners are: Benoxacor, cloquintocet (-mexyl), cyometrinil, cyprosulfamide, diclomid, fenchlorazole (-ethyl), fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen (-ethyl), mefenpyr (-diethyl), naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil, "AD-67" or "MON4660" (=3-dichloroacetyl-1-oxa-3-azaspiro[4,5]decane), "TI-35" (=1-dichloroacetyl-azepane), "Dimepiperate" or "MY-93" (= piperidine-1-thiocarbons-ure-S-1-methyl-1-phenylethyl ester), "Dymron" or "SK23" (= 1-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)-3-p-tolyl urea), "Cumylron" = "JC-940" (= 3-(2-chlorophenylmethyl)-1-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) urea), Preferred are benoxacor, cloquintocet (-mexyl), cyprosulfamide, isoxadifen (-ethyl) or mefenpyr (-diethyl).

[0076] The compounds of formula (I) or combinations with other active ingredients (A) can be formulated in various ways depending on the general biological and / or chemical-physical parameters. Examples of suitable possible formulations are wettable powders (WP), water-soluble powders (SP), water-soluble concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates (EC), emulsions such as oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions (EW), sprayable solutions, suspension concentrates (SC), oil or water-based dispersions, oil-miscible solutions, capsule suspensions (CS), dusts (DP), seed dressing products, granules for sowing and soil application, fine granules (GR), spray granules, coating and adsorbing granules, water-dispersible granules (WG), water-soluble granules (SG), ULV formulations, microcapsules, and waxes.

[0077] These individual formulation types are known in principle and are described, for example, in Winnacker-Kuchler, "Chemische Technologie" [Chemical Technology], Volume 7, C. Hanser Verlag, Munich, 4th Edition 1986; Wade van Valkenburg, "Pesticide Formulations", Marcel Dekker, NY, 1973; K. Martens, "Spray Drying Handbook", 3rd Ed. 1979, G. Goodwin Ltd. London.

[0078] Necessary formulation aids such as inert materials, surfactants, solvents, and other additives are also known and may be found in, for example, Watkins, "Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers", 2nd Ed., Darland Books, Caldwell NJ; HvOlphen, "Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry", 2nd Ed., J. Wiley & Sons, NY; C. Marsden, "Solvents Guide", 2nd Ed., Interscience, NY 1963; McCutcheon's "Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual", MC Publ. Corp., Ridgewood NJ; Sisley and Wood, "Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents", Chem. Publ. Co. Inc., NY 1964; Schonfeldt, "Grenzflachenaktive Athylenoxidaddukte" [Surface-active ethylene oxide adducts], Wiss. Verlagsgesell., Stuttgart 1976; Winnacker-Kuchler, "Chemische Technologie" [Chemical Technology], Volume 7, C. Hanser Verlag, Munich, 4th Ed. 1986.

[0079] Based on these formulations, it is also possible to prepare combinations with other insecticidal active substances or plant strengthening substances (B), such as, for example, insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, fungicides, and also combinations with safeners, fertilizers and / or growth regulators, for example in the form of ready mixes or tank mixes.

[0080] Wettable powders are preparations which are homogeneously dispersible in water and contain, in addition to the compounds of formula (I), ionic and / or nonionic surfactants (wetting agents, dispersants), such as polyoxyethylated alkylphenols, polyoxyethylated fatty alcohols, polyoxyethylated fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, alkanesulfonates or alkylbenzenesulfonates, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium 2,2'-dinaphthylmethane-6,6'-disulfonate, sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate or else sodium oleoyl methyl taurate, in addition to diluents or inert substances. To prepare wettable powders, the compounds of formula (I) are finely ground in conventional equipment, such as hammer mills, blower mills and air jet mills, and simultaneously or subsequently mixed with formulation auxiliaries.

[0081] Emulsifiable concentrates are prepared, for example, by dissolving the compound of formula (I) in an organic solvent, such as butanol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, xylene, or other high-boiling aromatic compounds or hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, with the addition of one or more ionic and / or nonionic surfactants (emulsifiers). Usable emulsifiers are, for example, calcium salts of alkylarylsulfonic acids, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, or nonionic emulsifiers, such as fatty acid polyglycol esters, alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, propylene oxide / ethylene oxide condensates, alkyl polyethers, sorbitan esters, such as sorbitan fatty acid esters, or polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.

[0082] Dusts are obtained by grinding the active substance with finely divided solid substances, for example talc or natural clays, such as kaolin, bentonite or pyrophyllite, or diatomaceous earth.

[0083] Suspension concentrates may be water-based or oil-based and may be prepared, for example, by wet milling in commercially available bead mills, optionally with the addition of surfactants, as already described above for the other formulation types.

[0084] Emulsions, e.g. oil-in-water emulsions (EW), can be prepared, e.g., using a stirrer, a colloid mill and / or a static mixer, using aqueous organic solvents and optionally surfactants, e.g. as already described above for other formulation types.

[0085] Granules can be prepared by spraying a compound of formula (I) onto an adsorbent granular inert material or by applying an active substance concentrate to the surface of a carrier such as sand, kaolinite or a granular inert material with a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, or alternatively mineral oil. Suitable active substances can also be mixed with fertilizers, if necessary, and granulated in conventional manner to produce fertilizer granules.

[0086] Water-dispersible granules are in principle prepared by conventional processes such as spray drying, fluidized bed granulation, disk granulation, mixing in high-speed mixers, and extrusion without the use of solid inert materials. For the preparation of disk, fluidized bed, extruder, and spray granules, see, for example, the processes in "Spray-Drying Handbook" 3rd ed. 1979, G. Goodwin Ltd., London; JE Browning, "Agglomeration", Chemical and Engineering 1967, pages 147 et seq.; "Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook", 5th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York 1973, p. 8-57.

[0087] For details regarding the formulation of crop protection products, see, for example, G. C. Klingman, "Weed Control as a Science", John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1961, pages 81-96 and J. D. Freyer, S. A. Evans, "Weed Control Handbook", 5th Ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1968, pages 101-103.

[0088] As a rule, the pesticide formulation comprises 0.1 to 99% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 95% by weight, of the compound of formula (I).

[0089] The concentration of the compound of formula (I) in wettable powders is, for example, about 10-90% by weight, the remainder up to 100% by weight being composed of the usual formulation ingredients. In the case of emulsifiable concentrates, the concentration of the compound of formula (I) can be about 1-90% by weight, preferably 5-80% by weight. Formulations in the form of dusts usually contain 1-30% by weight of the compound of formula (I), preferably in most cases 5-20% by weight of the compound of formula (I), while sprayable solutions contain about 0.05-80% by weight, preferably 2-50% by weight of the compound of formula (I). In the case of water-dispersible granules, the content of the compound of formula (I) depends in part on whether the compound of formula (I) is liquid or solid and which granulation aids, fillers, etc. are used. For example, water-dispersible granules contain 1-95% by weight, preferably 10-80% by weight, of the active substance.

[0090] Furthermore, the formulations of the compounds of formula (I) mentioned may, if necessary, contain in each case customary adhesives, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, penetrants, preservatives, antifreeze agents, solvents, fillers, carriers, colorants, antifoaming agents, evaporation inhibitors, pH adjusters and viscosity adjusters.

[0091] The compounds of formula (I) or their salts can be used as such or in the form of a preparation (formulation) in combination with other pesticidal active substances, such as insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, herbicides, fungicides, safeners, fertilizers and / or growth regulators, for example as a premix or tank mix.

[0092] Formulation examples a) 10 parts by weight of a compound of formula (I) and 90 parts by weight of talc as an inert substance are mixed, and the mixture is ground in a hammer mill to obtain a dust.

[0093] b) 25 parts by weight of the compound of formula (I), 64 parts by weight of kaolin-containing quartz as an inert substance, 10 parts by weight of potassium lignosulfonate, and 1 part by weight of sodium oleoyl methyl taurate as a wetting agent and dispersant are mixed, and the mixture is ground in a pinned disc mill to obtain a wettable powder that is easily dispersible in water.

[0094] c) 20 parts by weight of a compound of formula (I) is mixed with 6 parts by weight of an alkylphenol polyglycol ether (Triton X 207), 3 parts by weight of an isotridecanol polyglycol ether (8 EO), and 71 parts by weight of a paraffinic mineral oil (e.g., boiling range of about 255°C to greater than 277°C) and the mixture is ground in a ball mill to a fineness of less than 5 microns to obtain a dispersion concentrate that is readily dispersible in water.

[0095] d) An emulsifiable concentrate is obtained from 15 parts by weight of a compound of formula (I), 75 parts by weight of cyclohexanone as solvent and 10 parts by weight of oxoethylated nonylphenol as emulsifier.

[0096] e) 75 parts by weight of a compound of formula (I), 10 parts by weight of calcium lignosulfonate, 5 parts by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate, 3 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, and 7 parts by weight of kaolin was mixed, The mixture is milled in a pin disc mill and the powder is granulated in a fluid bed by spraying water as the granulating fluid to obtain water dispersible granules.

[0097] f) in a colloid mill, 25 parts by weight of a compound of formula (I), 5 parts by weight of sodium 2,2'-dinaphthylmethane-6,6'-disulfonate, 2 parts by weight of sodium oleoyl methyl taurate, 1 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, 17 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and 50 parts by weight of water, homogenized and pre-ground, The mixture is subsequently milled in a bead mill and the resulting suspension is sprayed in a spray tower using a single-substance nozzle and dried to obtain water-dispersible granules.

[0098] This application includes the following drawings: [Brief description of the drawings]

[0099] [Figure 1] Color response of bermudagrass cultivar Tifway 419 to a range of rates of compound A1.68 over time. A rate effect was observed. [Diagram 2] Spectral reflectance (NDVI) response of bermudagrass cultivar Tifway 419 to a range of compound A1.68 rates over time. A rate effect was observed. Analysis of variance is shown only for the 114 DAT evaluation. [Diagram 3] Greening response of bermudagrass cultivar Tifway 419 to compound A1.68 at 25-200g / ha. There are a total of four replicates (rows) in the photo. Each replicate is oriented from left to right in the photo, with the first row being the closest and the fourth row being the furthest. Each replicate consists of one plot per rate (treatment) of compound A1.68. Treatments are randomized across the trial sites according to the diagram on the right. For example, the treatments in the fourth replicate are labeled with the corresponding rate of compound A1.68. They are (from left to right): 50g compound A1.68 / ha, UTC (untreated check or 0g compound A1.68 / ha), 100g compound A1.68 / ha, 200g compound A1.68 / ha, and 25g compound A1.68 / ha. This photo shows the rate response, i.e., the higher the rate of compound A1.68, the greater the greening response. [Figure 4] DIA color analysis of Tifway 419 at 28 DAT. These data show treatment separation of compound A1.68 from UTC at 50, 100, and 200 g / ha. [Diagram 5] Sod density analysis by digital image analysis of Tifway 419 at 28 DAT. Density improvement over UTC was first observed with compound A1.68 at 100 g / ha. [Figure 6] Dark green colour index by digital image analysis of Tifway 419 at 28 DAT. An increase in DGCI over UTC was first observed with compound A1.68 at 25 g / ha. [Figure 7] Color response of centipedegrass cultivar TifBlair to a range of rates of compound A1.68 over time. A ratio effect was observed. EXAMPLES

[0100] The present invention relates to the following examples.

[0101] Example 1 Field trials were initiated in autumn on a fairway. The objective of the study was to determine the tolerance of turfgrass to the herbicide according to the invention. The fairway contained the actively growing bermudagrass cultivar "Tifway 419" (Cynodon dactylon x C.transvaalensis). The trial was based on a randomized complete block experimental design with four replications. Compound A1.68 was tested over a range of rates from 12.5 to 200 g / ha. All treatments included spray auxiliaries as indicated. The dimensions of each plot were 1x2 metres, with a total area of ​​the individual plots of 2 m 2 There was a 0.5 m buffer between lots and replicates. Spray volume was 374 L / ha. Treatments were delivered with a single nozzle equipped with a TeeJet 9504EVS spray tip, CO 2 Application was via backpack sprayer. [Table 2]

[0102] evaluation: All plots were visually assessed for turf quality (on a 9–1 scale, where 9 = excellent plant suitability, 6 = minimal commercial acceptability, and 1 = completely unsuitable [substantially kills plants]), phytotoxicity (% PHYGEN, maximum commercially acceptable PHYGEN defined as 20%), and turf coverage (%). Assessments were made at the start of the trial / 0 days after treatment (DAT), 3, 7, 14, 28, 42, and 58 DAT. In addition to these structured assessments, investigator observations were also recorded. At 28 DAT (4 weeks after treatment [WAT]), the investigator noticed a greening effect, which was confirmed by a second investigator.

[0103] Example 2 Field trials commenced at Fairway in February. The objective of the study was to determine the control of late stage annual strawberry grass (Poa annua) by herbicides according to the invention. The fairway contained dormant bermudagrass cultivar "Tifway 419" (Cynodon dactylon x C.transvaalensis). The trial was based on a randomized complete block experimental design with four replicates. Compound A1.68 was tested over a range of rates from 12.5 to 200 g / ha. All treatments included a spray adjuvant. Each plot had dimensions of 1x2 metres with a 0.5m buffer between lots and replicates. Spray volume was 374 L / ha. Treatments were sprayed with a single nozzle equipped with a TeeJet 9504EVS spray tip, CO 2 Application was via backpack sprayer. [Table 3]

[0104] evaluation: The primary objective of the study was to determine the herbicidal efficacy of compound A1.68 against Poa annua, but the tolerance of desirable turfgrasses was also evaluated. Evaluations included turf color and NDVI. In addition, digital images were also captured.

[0105] Turfgrass color was evaluated according to the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) methodology, where a scale of 1 to 9 is defined as 1 = straw color and 9 = dark green. The results are shown in Figure 1.

[0106] The plots were analyzed using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) radiometry. NDVI is used to determine the relative "health" of vegetation. It is calculated according to the formula (NIR-Red) / (NIR+Red), where NIR = Near Infrared wavelengths, Red = Infrared wavelengths. Near Infrared light is strongly reflected by healthy vegetation, while red light is strongly absorbed. This phenomenon is perceived by the human eye as a green color (hue). The results are shown in Figure 2.

[0107] Example 3 Field trials were started in the field in June. The objective of the study was to determine the tolerance of turfgrass to the compounds according to the invention. The field included a vigorously growing bermudagrass cultivar "Tifway 419" (Cynodon dactylon x C.transvaalensis). The trial was based on a randomized complete block experimental design with four replicates. Compound A1.68 was tested over a range of rates from 3.125 to 200 g / ha. All treatments with Compound A1.68 included a methylated seed oil (MSO) spray adjuvant. RoundUp Pro, EPA Registration No. 524-475 (480 g / L glyphosate IPA salt; 356 g / L glyphosate acid), 840.5 g glyphosate IPA (isopropylamine) salt / ha (1.5 pints of RoundUp Pro / A) was included as a positive control. The dimensions of each plot were 1x1 metre with a 0.5m buffer between lots and replicates. Spray volume was 374L / ha. Treatments were delivered with a single nozzle equipped with a TeeJet 9504EVS spray tip, CO 2 Application was via backpack sprayer. [Table 4]

[0108] evaluation: In the 28 DAA, digital image analysis (DIA) (see Figure 4) suggests a proportional response to both canopy color (hue, dark green index [DGCI]) and canopy density. In turfgrass systems, hue (see Figure 5) is related to visual observations. 1 Hue and density both tend to be significantly higher than UTC at rates of 100 or 200 g. The DGCI (see Figure 6), which takes saturation and lightness into account, shows that the rate response begins at a rate of 25 g / ha.

[0109] Example 4 The field trial was initiated in June in a field containing an actively growing centipedegrass cultivar, "TifBlair" (Eremochloa ophiuroides). The trial was based on a randomized complete block experimental design with four replicates. Compound A1.68 was tested over a range of rates, from 3.125 to 200 g / ha. All treatments with Compound A1.68 included a methylated seed oil (MSO) spray adjuvant. The dimensions of each plot were 1x1 metre, with a 0.5m buffer between plots and replicates. Spray volume was 374 L / ha. Treatments were sprayed with a single nozzle equipped with a TeeJet 9504EVS spray tip, CO 2 Application was via backpack sprayer. [Table 5]

[0110] evaluation: All plots were visually assessed for sward quality (on a 9 to 1 scale, where 9 = excellent plant suitability, 6 = minimal commercial acceptability, and 9 = completely unsuitable [substantially kills plants]), phytotoxicity (% PHYGEN, maximum commercially acceptable PHYGEN defined as 20%), sward coverage (%), and sward color (on a 1 to 9 scale following NTEP methodology, where 1 = straw color, 9 = dark green). Herein, only sward color assessments are reported. A ratio effect was observed (see Figure 7).

Claims

1. A method for improving the quality of turf or lawn, said method comprising applying to said turf or lawn a compound of one or more of formula (I) or a salt thereof, 【Chemical 1】 wherein, R1 and R2 each represent hydrogen, R3 each represents optionally substituted (C1-C5)-alkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C5)-alkenyl, (C2-C5)-alkynyl or (C1-C5)-alkoxy, G represents OR4, wherein, R4 represents hydrogen, or each represents optionally substituted (C1-C12)-alkyl, (C3-C7)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C7)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C8)-alkyl, (C2-C8)-alkenyl, (C5-C6)-cycloalkenyl, (C1-C4)-alkylphenyl or (C2-C8)-alkynyl, Z represents a five-membered heterocyclic ring containing an oxygen atom, X2, X4 and X6 each independently represent hydrogen or fluorine, X3 and X5 each independently represent hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, or fluorine, or each represents optionally substituted (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, said method.

2. R3 represents (C2-C5)-alkenyl, G represents OR4, wherein R4 represents hydrogen or methyl, Z represents tetrahydrofuranyl, X2, X4 and X6 represent hydrogen, X3 and X5 represent fluorine, the method according to claim 1.

3. The one or more compounds of formula (I) are selected from and combinations thereof, the method according to claim 1.

4. One or more other active ingredients selected from the group consisting of (B) other herbicides useful for treating turf or lawn [(B) type herbicides], and optionally (C) other active ingredients useful for treating turf or lawn [(C) type active ingredients], are optionally applied together, before or after applying (A) a compound of one or more of formula (I) or a salt thereof [(A) type herbicide], Applied to a cultivated area where weeds, parts of weed plants or turf or lawn plants are growing, sown or to be sown, the active ingredient (C) is selected from the group consisting of insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, phytotoxicity reducing agents, fertilizers, and / or growth regulators or nutrients useful for treating turf or lawn against phytopathogenic diseases or for growth regulation or growth promotion of turf or lawn, the method according to claim 1.

5. The herbicide (B) is (B1) 2,4-D and its esters and salts, (B2) amicarbazone, (B3) amidosulfuron or its salts, for example, (B3.1) amidosulfuron, (B4) aminocyclopyrachlor or its salts or esters, for example, (B4.1) aminocyclopyrachlor, (B4.2) aminocyclopyrachlor methyl, (B5) aminopyramide or its salts, for example, (B5.1) aminopyramide, (B6) bentazone, (B7) bromoxynil or its esters, for example, (B7.1) bromoxynil, (B7.2) bromoxynil heptanoate, (B7.3) bromoxynil octanoate, (B8) carfentrazone and its esters and salts, for example, (8.1) carfentrazone, (8.2) carfentrazone ethyl, (B9) chlorosulfuron, (B10) dicamba and its esters and salts, for example, (10.1) dicamba, (10.2) dicamba sodium, (10.3) dicamba potassium, (10.4) dicamba dimethylammonium, (10.5) dicamba isopropylammonium, (10.5) dicamba diglycolamine salt, (10.4) dicamba buthyl, (B11) diflufenican, (B12) dimenamid, (B13) dithiopyr, (B14) etofumesate, (B15) ethoxysulfuron or its salts, for example (B15.1) ethoxysulfuron, (B15.2) ethoxysulfuron sodium, (B16) flazasulfuron, (B17) florpyrauxifen, (B18) fluroxypyr or its esters, for example, (B18.1) fluroxypyr, (B18.2) fluroxypyr methyl, (B18.3) fluroxypyr 2-butoxy-1-methylethyl, (B19) florasulam, (B20) Halosulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (20.1) Halosulfuron, (B21) Fatty acids, for example, fatty acids having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, (B21.1) acetic acid, (B21.2) propionic acid, (B21.3) butanoic acid, (B21.4) pentanoic acid, (B21.5) hexanoic acid, (B21.6) heptanoic acid, (B21.7) octanoic acid, (B21.8) nonanoic acid, (B21.9) decanoic acid, (B21.10) undecanoic acid, (B21.11) dodecanoic acid, preferably, C 8 to C 12 fatty acids, more preferably (B21.8) nonanoic acid and (B21.9) decanoic acid, (B22) Glufosinate or its salts, for example, (B22.1) Glufosinate, (B22.2) Glufosinate ammonium, (B22.3) Glufosinate sodium, (B23) Glufosinate-P (= L-glufosinate or phosphinothricin) or its salts, for example, (B23.1) Glufosinate-P, (B23.2) Glufosinate-P-sodium, (B23.3) Glufosinate-P-ammonium, (B24) Glyphosate or its salts, for example, (B24.1) Glyphosate, (B24.2) Glyphosate-sodium, (B24.3) Glyphosate-potassium, (B.4) Glyphosate-ammonium, (B.5) Glyphosate-diammonium, (B24.6) Glyphosate-isopropylammonium, (B25) Haloxyfop, (B26) Halosulfuron, (B27) Indaziflam, (B28) Iodosulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (B28.1) Iodosulfuron, (B28.2) Iodosulfuron methyl, (B28.3) Iodosulfuron methyl sodium, (B29) Ipfencarbazone, (B30) Isoxafutole, (B31) Mecoprop and Mecoprop-P, and their esters and salts, for example, (31.1) Mecoprop and its esters and salts, (31.2) Mecoprop-P, and its esters and salts, (31.3) Mecoprop, (31.4) Mecoprop-P, (31.5) Mecoprop-sodium, (31.6) Mecoprop-butyl, (31.7) Mecoprop-P, (31.8) Mecoprop-P-sodium, (31.9) Mecoprop-P-potassium, (31.10) Mecoprop-P-butyl, (31.11) Mecoprop-P-2-ethyl-hexyl, (B32) Mesosulfuron and its esters or salts, for example, (B32.1) Mesosulfuron, (B32.2) Mesosulfuron-methyl, (B33) Mesotrione, (B34) Metsulfamuron, (B35) Metsulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (35.1) Metsulfuron, (35.2) Metsulfuron methyl, (B36) Oxadiazon and its salts, for example, (36.1) Oxadiazon, Paraquat and its salts, for example, (B37.1) paraquat dichloride, Pendimethalin, Penoxsulam and its salts, for example, (B39.1) penoxsulam, Picloram and its esters and salts, for example, (B40.1) picloram, (B40.2) picloram potassium, (B40.3) picloram dimethylammonium, (B40.4) picloram triisopropylammonium, (B40.5) picloram triethanolammonium, (B40.6) picloram triisopropanolammonium, (B40.7) picloram - isooctyl, Prodiamine, Pyrazosulfuron - ethyl and its salts, for example, (B20.1) pyrazosulfuron - ethyl, Pyrimisulfan, Pyroxasulfone (KIH - 485) and its salts, for example, (B44.1) pyroxasulfone, Pyroxasulam and its salts, for example, (B45.1) pyroxasulam, Rimsulfuron and its salts, for example, (B46.1) rimsulfuron, Sulfofenacil and its salts, for example, (B47.1) sulfofenacil, Sclerotinia (biological herbicide), Sulfentrazone and its salts, for example, (49.1) sulfentrazone, Sulfosulfuron, SYN - 449 and its salts, for example, (B51.1) SYN - 449 etc., that is, 4 - hydroxy - 3 - [[2 - [(2 - methoxy - ethoxy) - methyl] - 6 - trifluoromethyl - 3 - pyridinyl] - carbonyl] - bicyclo[3.2.1]oct - 3 - en - 2 - one, SYN - 523 and its salts, for example, (B58.1) SYN - 523 etc., that is, [[3 - [2 - chloro - 5 - [3,6 - dihydro - 3 - methyl - 2,6 - dioxo - 4 - (trifluoromethyl) - 1(2H) - pyrimidinyl] - 4 - fluorophenoxy] - 2 - pyridinyl]oxy] - acetic acid ethyl ester, Tembotrione and its salts, for example, (B53.1) tembotrione, Tetflupyrolimet, Thiencarbazone and its esters and salts, for example, (B55.1) thiencarbazone, (B55.2) thiencarbazone - methyl, (B55.3) thiencarbazone - methyl sodium, (B56) Thifensulfuron and its esters and salts, for example, (B56.1) Thifensulfuron, (B56.2) Thifensulfuron-methyl, (B56.3) Thifensulfuron-methyl sodium, (B57) Thiaclophenaxyl, (B58) Topramezone, (B59) Tributyluron and its esters and salts, for example, (B59.1) Tributyluron, (B59.2) Tributyluron-methyl, (B59.3) Tributyluron-methyl sodium, (B60) Trifloxysulfuron and its salts, for example, (B60.1) Trifloxysulfuron, (B60.2) Trifloxysulfuron-sodium, (B61) Triflumizoxazin, (B62) MCPA and its esters and salts, for example, (62.1) MCPA, (62.2) MCPA-sodium, (62.3) MCPA-potassium, (62.4) MCPA-dimethylammonium, (62.5) MCPA-2-ethylhexyl, (B63) Fenoxaprop and its esters and salts, for example, (63.1) Fenoxaprop, (63.2) Fenoxaprop-ethyl, (B64) Fenoxaprop-P and its esters and salts, for example, (64.1) Fenoxaprop-P, (64.2) Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, (B65) Triclopyr and its esters and salts, for example, (65.1) Triclopyr, (65.2) Triclopyr-triethylammonium, (65.3) Triclopyr-butyl, (B66) Metribuzin or its salt, preferably, (B66.1) Metribuzin, (B67) Pronamide, and (B68) Simazine, The method according to claim 4, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of. (Claim 6) (Before planting the lawn or turf, or before germination of unwanted vegetation in the lawn or turf, applying the compound of formula (I) or its salt to the location of the plants in the lawn or turf), the method according to claim 1. (Claim 7) (Applying the compound of formula (I) or its salt to the location of the weed plants and established lawn or turf), the method according to claim 1. (Claim 8) (Applying 1 to 1000 g of the compound of formula (I) or its salt per hectare of lawn or turf), the method according to claim 1. (Claim 9) The method according to claim 1, comprising applying 100 to 200 g of the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof per hectare of lawn or turf.

10. A method for improving the quality of a lawn or turf, comprising, before or after applying, if necessary, one or more other active ingredients selected from the group consisting of (B) other herbicides useful for treating the lawn or turf and, if necessary, (C) other active ingredients useful for treating the lawn or turf, one or more compounds of formula (I) or a salt thereof, wherein, R1 and R2 each represent hydrogen, R3 each represents optionally substituted (C1-C5)-alkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C5)-alkenyl, (C2-C5)-alkynyl or (C1-C5)-alkoxy, G represents OR4, wherein, R4 represents hydrogen or each represents optionally substituted (C1-C12)-alkyl, (C3-C7)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C7)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C8)-alkyl, (C2-C8)-alkenyl, (C5-C6)-cycloalkenyl, (C1-C4)-alkylphenyl or (C2-C8)-alkynyl, Z represents a 5-membered heterocyclic ring containing an oxygen atom, X2, X4 and X6 each independently represent hydrogen or fluorine, X3 and X5 each independently represent hydrogen, chlorine, cyano or fluorine, or each represents optionally substituted (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy. ) The method as described above, characterized in that it is applied to a cultivation area where plants of the lawn or turf are growing, sown or to be sown.

11. A herbicide composition for improving the quality of a lawn or turf, comprising one or more compounds of formula (I) or a salt thereof, wherein, R1 and R2 each represent hydrogen, R3 each represents optionally substituted (C1-C5)-alkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C5)-alkenyl, (C2-C5)-alkynyl or (C1-C5)-alkoxy, G represents OR4, wherein, R4 represents hydrogen or (C1-C12)-alkyl, (C3-C7)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C7)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C8)-alkyl, (C2-C8)-alkenyl, (C5-C6)-cycloalkenyl, (C1-C4)-alkylphenyl or (C2-C8)-alkynyl, each of which may be substituted. Z represents a 5-membered heterocyclic ring containing an oxygen atom. X2, X4 and X6 each independently represent hydrogen or fluorine. X3 and X5 each independently represent hydrogen, chlorine, cyano or fluorine, or (C1-C3)-alkyl or (C1-C3)-alkoxy, each of which may be substituted, in the herbicide composition.

12. The herbicide composition according to claim 11, further comprising a phytotoxicity reducing agent, wherein the phytotoxicity reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of benoxacor, cloquintocet, cloquintocet - mexyl, siometrinil, cyprosulfamide, dichloromid, fenchlorazole, fenchlorazole - ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, isoxadifen - ethyl, mefenpyr, mefenpyr - diethyl, naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil, AD - 67 (MON4660), and TI - 35.

13. The herbicidal composition according to claim 12, further comprising methylated seed oil (MSO).

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method increases the green color or improves the density of the turf or lawn, and the turf or lawn comprises bermudagrass, annual bluegrass, or zoysiagrass, or a combination thereof.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the compound (I) or a salt thereof, R4 represents (C1-C12)-alkyl.

16. The method according to claim 3, wherein the compound (I) or a salt thereof contains 60% to 100% of the (2R,4R) isomer.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the compound (I) or a salt thereof contains 80% to 100% of the (2R,4R) isomer. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof improves the quality of the turf or lawn by killing or inhibiting the growth of weeds or unwanted vegetation in the turf or lawn. The method according to claim 18, wherein the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof further enhances the green color of the turf or lawn, improves the density of the turf or lawn, or a combination thereof. The method according to claim 10, wherein improving the quality of the lawn or turf includes killing or inhibiting the growth of weeds or unwanted vegetation in the turf or lawn, and further includes at least one of enhancing the green color of the turf or lawn and improving the density of the turf or lawn.

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