Battery management device and method of operation thereof

Abstract

A battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein may include a switch connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells, and a controller that applies a control signal for repeatedly turning on and off the switch, measures a voltage value and a current value of each of the plurality of battery banks, and determines whether or not a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks is abnormal based on an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks calculated based on the voltage value and the current value.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] [CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS] The embodiments disclosed in this document claim the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0064229 filed on May 25, 2022, and all contents disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent application are incorporated by reference into this specification.

[0002] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE The embodiments disclosed herein relate to a battery management apparatus and method of operation. [Background technology]

[0003] Electric vehicles obtain power by charging the battery with electricity supplied from an external source and then driving the motor with the voltage charged in the battery. The battery of an electric vehicle may generate heat due to chemical reactions that occur during the process of charging and discharging electricity, and this heat may damage the performance and lifespan of the battery. Therefore, a Battery Management System (BMS) that monitors the temperature, voltage, and current of the battery is operated to diagnose and control the battery status.

[0004] However, the conventional battery management device has a problem that it is difficult to detect a battery cell in the battery bank where heat generation occurs because a thermistor is not attached to each battery bank including a plurality of battery cells to measure the temperature.

[0005] Conventional battery management devices can detect hot battery cells inside a battery by measuring the direct current resistance (DCR) of each battery bank. However, when measuring the DC resistance, large equipment is used and the DC resistance can only be measured when the battery bank is charging, and measurement is not possible when the battery bank is in use, resulting in reduced effectiveness. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] One objective of the embodiments disclosed herein is to provide a battery management device and an operating method thereof that can determine whether or not there is an abnormal battery cell inside a battery bank based on the impedance of the battery bank obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the battery bank.

[0007] The technical problems of the embodiments disclosed in this document are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned may be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein may include a switch connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells, and a controller that applies a control signal for repeatedly turning on and off the switch, measures a voltage value and a current value of each of the plurality of battery banks, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks based on an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks calculated based on the voltage value and the current value.

[0009] According to one embodiment, the controller may perform a Fourier transform on the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks to obtain real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values.

[0010] In one embodiment, the controller can obtain an imaginary value of the impedance of each of the multiple battery banks based on the real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the controller may determine that a heat-generating battery cell is present among at least one of the battery cells within any one of the plurality of battery banks if the imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a previously stored threshold value.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the controller may determine that a heat-generating battery cell is present among at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks when an imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a threshold error range of an imaginary value of the impedance of a battery bank connected in series with any one of the plurality of battery banks.

[0013] A method of operating a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein may include the steps of applying a control signal for repeatedly turning on and off a switch connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells, measuring a voltage value and a current value of each of the plurality of battery banks, calculating an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage value and the current value, and determining whether or not there is an abnormality in a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks based on the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the step of calculating the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage values ​​and current values ​​may involve performing a Fourier transform on the voltage values ​​and current values ​​of each of the plurality of battery banks to obtain real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage values ​​and current values.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the step of calculating the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage values ​​and current values ​​may obtain an imaginary value of the impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage values ​​and current values ​​of each of the plurality of battery banks.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the step of determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks based on the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks may determine that at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks is a heat-generating battery cell when an imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a previously stored threshold value.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the step of determining whether or not a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks are abnormal based on the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks may determine that at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks is a heat-generating battery cell when an imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a threshold error range of an imaginary value of the impedance of a battery bank connected in series with any one of the plurality of battery banks. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to an embodiment of the battery management device and its operating method disclosed in this document, it is possible to determine whether or not there is an abnormal battery cell inside the battery bank based on the impedance of the battery bank obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the battery bank. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates a battery pack according to one embodiment disclosed herein. [Diagram 2] 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein; [Diagram 3] 1 is a graph showing changes in current and voltage values ​​of a battery bank over time frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein; [Figure 4a]1 is a graph showing a Fourier transform of current values ​​of a battery bank according to a time-frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein; [Figure 4b] 1 is a graph showing a Fourier transform of voltage values ​​of a battery bank according to a time-frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein; [Figure 4c] 1 is a graph illustrating real and imaginary impedance values ​​of a battery bank over time-frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein; [Diagram 5] 1 is a graph illustrating the change in imaginary value of the impedance of a battery bank with change in time frequency according to one embodiment described herein. [Figure 6] 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operation of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed herein. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a computing system implementing a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Some embodiments disclosed in this document will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. When referring to components in each drawing, attention should be paid to using the same reference numerals as much as possible for the same components even if they are displayed in different drawings. In addition, when describing the embodiments disclosed in this document, if a detailed description of related known configurations or functions is deemed to hinder understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this document, the detailed description will be omitted.

[0021] In describing the components of the embodiments disclosed in this document, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b) and the like may be used. Such terms are intended to distinguish the components from other components, and do not limit the essence, order, or sequence of the components. In addition, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments disclosed in this document belong. Terms similar to those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as meanings consistent with the meanings they have in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal and overly formal sense unless expressly defined in this document.

[0022] FIG. 1 illustrates a battery pack according to one embodiment disclosed herein.

[0023] Referring to FIG. 1 , a battery pack 1000 according to an embodiment disclosed herein may include a battery module 100, a battery management unit 200, and a relay 300.

[0024] The battery module 100 may include a number of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. Although the number of battery banks is illustrated as four in FIG. 1, the number of battery banks is not limited to four, and the battery module 100 may include n battery banks (n is a natural number equal to or greater than two).

[0025] The battery module 100 can supply power to a target device (not shown). To this end, the battery module 100 may be electrically connected to the target device. Here, the target device may include an electrical, electronic, or mechanical device that operates by receiving power from a battery pack 1000 including a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. For example, the target device may be, but is not limited to, an electric vehicle (EV) or an energy storage system (ESS).

[0026] The battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 may include a plurality of battery cells. A battery cell is a basic unit of a battery that can charge and discharge electrical energy, and may be, but is not limited to, a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, a lithium-ion polymer (Li-ion polymer) battery, a nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, a nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery, etc. According to an embodiment, the battery cells included in each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 may be connected in parallel.

[0027] Meanwhile, although FIG. 1 illustrates a case in which one battery module 100 is provided, a plurality of battery modules 100 may be provided depending on the embodiment.

[0028] A battery management system (BMS) 200 can predict the state of health (SOH) of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 based on temperature and voltage data of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140. The battery management system 200 can remove noise from the battery data of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 and predict the state of health (SOH) of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 according to the battery temperature and charge / discharge rate based on the noise-removed data.

[0029] The battery management device 200 may manage and / or control the status and / or operation of the battery module 100. For example, the battery management device 200 may manage and / or control the status and / or operation of the multiple battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 included in the battery module 100. The battery management device 200 may manage charging and / or discharging of the battery module 100.

[0030] In addition, the battery management device 200 may monitor the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery module 100 and / or each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 included in the battery module 100. In addition, sensors and various measurement modules (not shown) may be additionally installed in the battery module 100, a charge / discharge path, or any position of the battery module 100 for monitoring by the battery management device. The battery management device 200 may calculate parameters indicating the state of the battery module 100, such as a State of Charge (SOC) or SOH, based on the measured values ​​of the monitored voltage, current, temperature, etc.

[0031] The battery management unit 200 can control the operation of the relay 300. For example, the battery management unit 200 may short-circuit the relay 300 to supply power to a target device. In addition, the battery management unit 200 may short-circuit the relay 300 when a charging device is connected to the battery pack 1000.

[0032] The battery management unit 200 may calculate a cell balancing time for each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. Here, the cell balancing time may be defined as a time required for balancing the battery cells. For example, the battery management unit 200 may calculate the cell balancing time based on the SOC, the battery capacity, and the balancing efficiency of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.

[0033] As the duration or frequency of use of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 increases, the capacity may decrease, the internal resistance may increase, and various factors of the battery may change. The battery management device 200 can calculate the impedance of the battery bank based on data on the various factors that change due to deterioration of the battery.

[0034] Specifically, the battery management device 200 can calculate imaginary values ​​of the impedances of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 based on data of various factors that change due to deterioration of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140, and determine whether or not there are abnormal battery cells inside the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140.

[0035] The imaginary value of the impedance of the battery is an index that can indicate whether the battery is heated in an abnormal state compared to a normal state of the battery bank. The imaginary value of the impedance of a normal battery bank and an abnormal battery bank can be distinguished.

[0036] For example, the battery management device 200 may determine whether or not there is an abnormal battery cell in each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the voltage and current of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.

[0037] The configuration and operation of the battery management unit 200 will be specifically described below.

[0038] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 2 , the battery management device 200 may include a switch 210 , a controller 220 , a first resistor 230 , and a shunt resistor 240 .

[0040] The switch 210 may be connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells. The switch 210 may include, for example, a field effect transistor (FET). The switch 210 may receive a control signal from the controller 220 for repeatedly turning the switch 210 on and off. The switch 210 may be repeatedly turned on and off based on the control signal received from the controller 220. The switch 210 may be repeatedly turned on and off to transmit a current having an AC waveform to the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140.

[0041] The first resistor 230 controls the flow of current inside the battery management unit 200, thereby allowing the circuit inside the battery management unit 200 to operate smoothly.

[0042] The controller 220 may determine whether or not there are abnormal battery cells in the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 based on the battery data of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140. Specifically, the controller 220 may determine whether or not there are heat-generating battery cells in the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 based on the battery data of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140.

[0043] The controller 220 may generate a control signal for repeatedly turning on and off the switch 210 and apply the control signal to the switch 210. The controller 220 may measure voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 to which an AC waveform current is transmitted based on a switching operation of the switch 210.

[0044] Specifically, the controller 220 can measure the current value of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 using the shunt resistor 240. Here, the shunt resistor 240 is a type of shunt resistor that is mainly used for current measurement and has a very low resistance. The shunt resistor 240 can measure the current value of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140, and the controller 220 can obtain the current value of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 from the shunt resistor 240.

[0045] FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the change in current and voltage values ​​of a battery bank according to a time-frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein.

[0046] 3, the current of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 to which an AC waveform current is transmitted based on a control signal from the controller 220 may be measured as a square wave (rectangular wave). In addition, the measured waveform of the voltage value of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 may fluctuate over time.

[0047] The controller 220 can determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery cells included in each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 based on the AC impedance of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 calculated based on the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140.

[0048] FIG. 4a is a graph of a Fourier transform of a battery bank's current value according to a time-frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein.

[0049] FIG. 4b is a graph of a Fourier transform of the voltage value of a battery bank according to a time-frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein.

[0050] 4a and 4b, the controller 220 can obtain real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 by Fourier transforming (FT) the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. Here, the Fourier transform refers to a transformation that resolves a function of time or space into time or spatial frequency components. The controller 220 can resolve the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 according to the change in time into a complex number including real and imaginary values ​​by decomposing the voltage and current values ​​into time frequency components. That is, the controller 220 can derive waveforms of real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 according to the change in time.

[0051] FIG. 4c is a graph illustrating real and imaginary values ​​of the impedance of a battery bank over time-frequency flow according to one embodiment disclosed herein.

[0052] 4c, the controller 220 may obtain an imaginary value of the impedance of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. Specifically, the controller 220 may calculate the impedance based on Ohm's Law used in an RLC DC circuit.

[0053] In RLC DC circuits, Ohm's law is "V=I*R", and when Ohm's law is extended to AC circuits, it may be used as "V=I*Z" or "Z=V / I", where "V" means voltage, "I" means current, "R" means resistance, and "Z" means impedance. Impedance is the value that obstructs the flow of current when a voltage is applied to a circuit. Impedance value can be expressed as the ratio of voltage (V) to current (I) in AC circuits, and in AC circuits, impedance has a phase value, unlike resistance used in DC circuits.

[0054] The controller 220 can input the real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage (V) and current (I) of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 according to the change in time frequency into the formula "Z=V / I" to separately calculate the real and imaginary values ​​of the impedance of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 according to the change in time frequency. The imaginary values ​​of the impedance of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 can change according to the temperature of the battery bank. The imaginary value of the impedance of the battery bank has a constant value even when the time frequency changes, but can change according to the change in temperature of the battery bank.

[0055] FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the change in imaginary value of the impedance of a battery bank with change in time frequency according to one embodiment disclosed herein.

[0056] Specifically, the graph shown in FIG. 5 represents the change in the imaginary value of the impedance of a battery bank including six battery cells (6P) connected in parallel.

[0057] In Fig. 5, the dotted line graph at the bottom shows the change in the imaginary value of the impedance of the battery bank measured when all six battery cells are at 20°C. The dotted line graph in the middle shows the change in the imaginary value of the impedance of the battery bank measured when one battery cell (1P) is at 60°C and the remaining five battery cells (5P) are at 20°C. The solid line graph shows the change in the imaginary value of the impedance of the battery bank measured when one battery cell (1P) is at 70°C and the remaining five battery cells (5P) are at 20°C.

[0058] 5, the controller 220 can diagnose temperature changes in a plurality of battery cells from changes in the imaginary value of the impedance of a plurality of battery banks. As shown in FIG. 5, the imaginary value of the AC impedance of a battery bank in which a heat generation phenomenon occurs in one or more battery cells in the battery bank can be distinguished from the imaginary value of the AC impedance of a battery bank composed of normal battery cells. The controller 220 can determine that a heat generation phenomenon has occurred in one of the battery cells in the battery bank based on the imaginary value of the impedance of the battery bank.

[0059] For example, in some embodiments, the controller 220 may determine that at least one of the battery cells within any one of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 is a heat-generating battery cell if the imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 exceeds a previously stored threshold value.

[0060] In addition, according to an embodiment, the controller 220 may determine that at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 is a heat-generating battery cell when the imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 exceeds a threshold error range of the imaginary value of the impedance of another battery bank connected in series.

[0061] As described above, the battery management device 200 according to one embodiment disclosed in this document can determine whether or not there is an abnormal battery cell inside the battery bank based on the impedance of the battery bank obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the battery bank.

[0062] In addition, the battery management device 200 can prevent thermal runaway of the battery bank in advance by detecting an abnormal battery cell inside the battery bank in advance while the battery bank is in operation.

[0063] In addition, when detecting an abnormal battery cell using a DC resistance meter for a conventional battery bank, the battery bank must be charged and discharged with a large current of 1C or more, which poses a problem of the need for large equipment such as a Cycler, which is a large current charger. However, the battery management device 200 generates and applies an AC waveform by switching to the battery bank, eliminating the need for large equipment and reducing costs.

[0064] FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operation of a battery management unit according to one embodiment disclosed herein.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 6, the operating method of the battery management device may include a step (S101) of applying a control signal for repeatedly turning on and off a switch 210 connected to a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 including a plurality of battery cells, a step (S102) of measuring a voltage value and a current value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140, a step (S103) of calculating an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 based on the voltage value and the current value, and a step (S104) of determining whether or not a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 is abnormal based on the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140.

[0066] In step S101, the switch 210 may receive a control signal from the controller 220 to repeatedly turn on and off the switch 210. Here, the switch 210 may be connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells. The switch 210 may include, for example, a field effect transistor (FET).

[0067] In step S101, the switch 210 may be repeatedly turned on and off based on a control signal received from the controller 220. The switch 210 may be repeatedly turned on and off to transmit a current having an AC waveform to the multiple battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.

[0068] In step S101, the controller 220 may generate a control signal for repeatedly turning the switch 210 on and off, and apply the control signal to the switch 210.

[0069] In step S102, the controller 220 may measure the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 to which the AC waveform current is transmitted based on the switching operation of the switch 210.

[0070] In step S103, the controller 220 may perform a Fourier transform on the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 to obtain real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. Here, the Fourier transform refers to a transform that resolves a function of time or space into time or spatial frequency components.

[0071] In step S103, the controller 220 may convert the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 according to time change into complex numbers including real and imaginary values ​​by decomposing the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 according to time frequency components. In step S103, the controller 220 may derive real and imaginary waveforms of the voltage and current values ​​of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 according to time change.

[0072] In step S103, the controller 220 may obtain an imaginary value of impedance of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 based on the real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current of each of the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140. In step S103, the controller 220 may calculate the impedance based on Ohm's law used in RLC DC circuits. In step S103, the controller 220 may input the real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current of each of the battery cells in the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 due to a change in time frequency into the formula "Z=V / I" to calculate the real and imaginary values ​​of the impedance of each of the battery cells in the battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 due to a change in time frequency.

[0073] In step S104, the controller 220 may diagnose a temperature change of the battery cells from a change in an imaginary value of the impedance of the battery cells. The imaginary value of the AC impedance when a heat generation phenomenon occurs in one or more battery cells in the battery bank may be distinguished from the imaginary value of the AC impedance of a battery bank composed of normal battery cells.

[0074] In step S104, the controller 220 may determine that a heat generation phenomenon occurs in any one of the battery cells in the battery bank based on the imaginary value of the impedance of the battery bank.

[0075] In step S104, for example, in some embodiments, the controller 220 may determine that a heat-generating battery cell is present among at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 if the imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 exceeds a previously stored threshold value.

[0076] Also in step S104, depending on the embodiment, the controller 220 may determine that a heat-generating battery cell is present among at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 if the imaginary value of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, 140 exceeds a threshold error range of the imaginary part of the impedance of another battery bank connected in series.

[0077] FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a computing system implementing a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 7, a computing system 2000 according to an embodiment disclosed herein may include an MCU 2100, a memory 2200, an input / output I / F 2300, and a communication I / F 2400.

[0079] The MCU 2100 may be a processor that executes various programs (e.g., a battery bank impedance calculation program) stored in the memory 2200, processes such programs and various data, and performs the functions of the battery management device 200 shown in FIG. 1 described above.

[0080] The memory 2200 can store various programs related to the operation of the battery management unit 200. The memory 2200 can also store operation data of the battery management unit 200.

[0081] A plurality of such memories 2200 may be provided as necessary. The memories 2200 may be volatile memories or non-volatile memories. The memory 2200 as a volatile memory may be a RAM, a DRAM, an SRAM, or the like. The memory 2200 as a non-volatile memory may be a ROM, a PROM, an EAROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM, a flash memory, or the like. The listed examples of the memory 2200 are merely illustrative and are not limited to these examples.

[0082] The input / output I / F 2300 can provide an interface to connect input devices (not shown) such as a keyboard, mouse, or touch panel and output devices such as a display (not shown) to the MCU 2100 to enable data transmission and reception.

[0083] The communication I / F 2400 is configured to be able to transmit and receive various data to and from a server, and may be any of various devices capable of supporting wired or wireless communication. For example, programs for resistance measurement and abnormality diagnosis, various data, and the like can be transmitted and received from a separately provided external server via the communication I / F 2400.

[0084] The above description is merely an illustrative example of the technical ideas of the present disclosure, and various modifications and variations can be made by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains without departing from the essential characteristics of the present disclosure.

[0085] Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in this disclosure are intended to explain, not to limit, the technical idea of ​​the disclosure, and such embodiments do not limit the scope of the technical idea of ​​the disclosure. The scope of protection of the disclosure should be interpreted according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto should be interpreted as being included in the scope of rights of the disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0086] 100 Battery Module 110, 120, 130, 140 Battery Bank 200 Battery Management Device 210 Switch 220 Controller 230 1st resistance 240 Shunt Resistor 300 Relay 1000 Battery Pack 2000 Computing System 2100 MCU 2200 Memory 2300 Input / Output Interface 2400 Communication I / F

Claims

1. a switch coupled to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells; a controller that applies a control signal to repeatedly turn on and off the switch, measures a voltage value and a current value of each of the plurality of battery banks, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks based on an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks calculated based on the voltage value and the current value.

2. 2. The battery management device of claim 1, wherein the controller performs a Fourier transform on the voltage values ​​and the current values ​​of each of the plurality of battery banks to obtain real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage values ​​and the current values.

3. The battery management device of claim 2 , wherein the controller obtains an imaginary value of an impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values.

4. 3. The battery management device of claim 1, wherein the controller determines that at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks is a heat-generating battery cell when an imaginary value of an impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a previously stored threshold value.

5. 2. The battery management device of claim 1, wherein the controller determines that at least one of the battery cells in any one of the plurality of battery banks is a heat-generating battery cell when an imaginary value of an impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a threshold error range of an imaginary value of an impedance of a battery bank connected in series with any one of the plurality of battery banks.

6. applying a control signal to repeatedly turn on and off a switch connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells; measuring a voltage value and a current value of each of the plurality of battery banks; calculating an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage values ​​and the current values; determining whether or not the battery cells included in each of the battery banks are abnormal based on an AC impedance of each of the battery banks.

7. calculating an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage value and the current value, The method of claim 6 , further comprising: performing a Fourier transform on the voltage and current values ​​of each of the plurality of battery banks to obtain real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values.

8. calculating an AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage value and the current value, The method of claim 7, further comprising obtaining an imaginary value of impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on real and imaginary values ​​of the voltage and current values.

9. determining whether or not the battery cells included in each of the battery banks are abnormal based on the AC impedance of each of the battery banks, The operating method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, when an imaginary value of an impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a previously stored threshold, it is determined that at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks is a heat-generating battery cell.

10. determining whether or not the battery cells included in each of the battery banks are abnormal based on the AC impedance of each of the battery banks, 7. The operating method of claim 6, further comprising determining that at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks is a heat-generating battery cell when an imaginary value of an impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a threshold error range of an imaginary part of an impedance of a battery bank connected in series with any one of the plurality of battery banks.

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