Rigid seal ring with sliding surface, sliding seal device and manufacturing method

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a rigid sealing ring (1, 61) with a ring body (2, 2') having a rotationally symmetrical basic shape with respect to the axis (A). The ring body has a contact portion (3) arranged on one end face of the ring body (2, 2') in a cross section (Q) lying in the direction of the axis (A). The contact portion (3) faces outward in the direction of the axis (A). The ring body (2, 2') further has a trough portion (5) in the cross section (Q), which is arranged on the radial periphery of the ring body (2, 2') and is located on the opposite side of the contact portion (3) in the direction of the axis (A). The ring body (2, 2') has a sliding coating (8) on the contact portion (3), which is formed in particular in a single layer or in multiple layers. The present disclosure further relates to a sliding seal device (60) including a first hard seal ring (61) and a second hard seal ring (62) each having a contact portion (3), the hard seal rings (61, 62) being adjacent to each other along an axis (A) at a predetermined mounting position and being coaxially disposed with each other, whereby the contact portions (3) are in circumferential contact with each other.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a rigid seal ring, a sliding seal device comprising at least two rigid seal rings, and corresponding manufacturing techniques.

[0002] The previously known sealing concepts based on rigid sealing rings with sliding surfaces are not optimally designed and have manufacturing disadvantages, are particularly difficult to adapt to new application conditions, and require significant investments in tooling costs to provide new embodiments of the rigid sealing rings.

[0003] Typically, rigid sealing rings with sliding surfaces are today produced by centrifugal, gravity or precision casting in relatively complex multi-part moulds, so that for each targeted shape of the rigid sealing ring a new mould must be provided. Production by forging or deep drawing from a ring-shaped intermediate product is also possible, which likewise means high costs for the provision of the mould. Furthermore, traditional production methods result in high energy and material costs.

[0004] From DE 10 2004 042 385 A1 a method for producing sliding ring seals is known, in which the sliding rings are produced from grey cast iron and then a wear layer is applied to them by sintering.

[0005] US Pat. No. 3,086,782 discloses the production of so-called face seals from an intermediate product having a circular closed periphery.

[0006] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-103337 describes a method of producing a seal ring by deep drawing a seal ring from a thin metal plate ring and then subjecting the seal ring to high-frequency induction heating and quenching.

[0007] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved rigid seal ring, an improved sliding seal device and an improved method of manufacture.

[0008] The above-mentioned problems are solved by several aspects, either individually or in combination, each of which has an independent inventive significance and provides both separate and synergistic advantages. In the following, these aspects are described individually and in specific combinations. However, these aspects may also be used in any other combination. In particular, all subcombinations of the separately disclosed aspects are envisaged with respect to both the manufacturing method and the configuration of the rigid sealing ring and the sliding sealing device.

[0009] The hard seal ring according to the present disclosure comprises a ring body having a rotationally symmetrical basic shape with respect to an axis, the ring body further having a contact portion in a cross section lying in the direction of the axis, the contact portion being arranged on an end face of the ring body facing outward in the direction of the axis.

[0010] The contact portion is the functional area of ​​the rigid sealing ring in which the sliding surface is or will be formed.

[0011] The ring body further has a trough portion in cross section, which is arranged on the radial periphery of the ring body and lies opposite the contact portion in the axial direction.

[0012] The basin part is a functional area in which the support of the hard sealing ring against the machine part or component takes place, in particular via an additional soft sealing ring. The basin part may have any shape, in particular the shape of a complete basin with two side delimitations or two lateral support areas, or the shape of a half basin with only one side delimitation or one lateral support area. The additional soft sealing ring is preferably connected to the hard sealing ring and is arranged in the basin part. The soft sealing ring may be accommodated or inserted in the basin part and may be supported or be supportable by the delimitation of the basin part at least on one side, preferably on both sides.

[0013] In other words, the ring body has a macroscopic shape of a ring and a molded cross-sectional shape with at least one contact portion on an axial end face and a groove portion on a radial circumferential surface.

[0014] The ring body has a sliding coating on the contact portion, which may form the actual sliding surface of the hard sealing ring. The sliding coating may be adapted in its properties to the desired application. In this way, the ring body itself may be manufactured from a material which places different or lower demands on it, in particular with regard to the achievable hardness (surface hardness), wear resistance, mechanical (post)processability, elasticity, heat resistance, thermal conductivity, etc.

[0015] The sliding seal device according to the present disclosure includes a first hard seal ring and a second hard seal ring each having a contact portion, the hard seal rings being axially adjacent to each other at a given mounting position and being coaxially disposed with each other, so that the contact portions are in circumferential contact with each other, and at least one of the hard seal rings preferably has a sliding coating on the contact portion.

[0016] The sliding seal device is preferably used for sealing against liquid and / or gas leakage in the contact zone between two components that can rotate relative to each other about an axis (A), with each hard seal ring forming a dynamic seal extending in the circumferential direction in the abutment area between the contacting parts (3), which separates a first section and a second section located radially adjacent to each other on either side of the pair of hard seal rings. When the two components are rotated relative to each other, one hard seal ring is respectively entrained by one component and the other hard seal ring is respectively entrained by the other component, so that a sliding contact in the circumferential direction about the axis is created with a direct abutment and relative movement between the contacting parts of the hard seal rings.

[0017] By providing a sliding coating on at least one contact portion of the hard seal ring, the sliding characteristics can be improved precisely and the working life can be extended.

[0018] In a first independent aspect of the present disclosure, at least one of the ring bodies may be manufactured by deformation from a short cut starting material, which is bent into a ring shape and joined at both ends. The starting material may be present as straight or bent material, in particular as coiled material.

[0019] A rigid seal ring according to the present disclosure may be defined by being manufactured by a particular method. The disclosure of a rigid seal ring manufactured by a particular method is also intended to disclose the manufacturing method itself, and vice versa. The manufacturing method may include one or more method aspects that have independent inventive significance in themselves. These method aspects may be used in the manufacture and may be used alone or in any combination.

[0020] A first method embodiment for manufacturing a rigid sealing ring may comprise the following steps: providing a semi-finished product with an elongated or straight extension; deforming, in particular roll forming, more in particular roll embossing, the semi-finished product and forming an intermediate product with an open ring shape; and joining both ends of the intermediate product to form a ring body with a basic shape that is rotationally symmetrical about an axis (A) and a closed circumference.

[0021] The above-mentioned configurations and manufacturing methods of the hard sealing rings can be used alone or in any combination with the provision of a sliding coating. The above-mentioned configurations and manufacturing methods of the hard sealing rings have the special advantage that a wide variety of hard sealing rings with freely adjustable diameters can be produced with only one tool, in particular one set of roll embossing rollers, i.e. there is no need to provide separate tools or tool sets for each diameter variation or each shaping variation.

[0022] The cross-sectional profile of the hard sealing ring to be produced may also be variably set using only one tool set, for example by adapting the relative spacing and orientation of the rollers to one another and / or by adapting the sequence of the roller arrangement.

[0023] One preferred refinement of the so-called manufacturing embodiment envisages that the semi-finished product has a body region which forms a contact portion in the (later) ring body, in which case this body portion of the semi-finished product is already provided with at least one first coating layer for the sliding coating before or during the formation of the ring body.

[0024] In one separate independent aspect of the disclosure, the ring body may have a cavity in cross section. The cavity may be located on the one hand on the side opposite the contact portion and on the other hand on the side opposite the trough portion. Due to the cavity, the ring body can be formed with a particularly small amount of substrate required, with the same or even increased mechanical load-bearing capacity, in particular against torsion. Wall sections of the ring body that run substantially perpendicular to the axial direction and define the cavity, in particular generate a reinforcement in cross section. The cavity may remain empty or may be wetted, for example during a given operation, with a slip or lubricant. This can significantly improve the heat dissipation compared to a solid material. Alternatively or additionally, a filler may be arranged in the cavity. The filler may be a separate object. The filler may be formed from the same substrate as the ring body. This may be, for example, a support structure formed in a mold-free manufacturing process (3D printing) or by additive manufacturing. Alternatively or additionally, the filling body may have a different material than the base material of the ring body. The filling body may be formed of a particularly more advantageous material and / or of a material with a lower surface hardness. Alternatively or additionally, the filling body may be formed of a material with a higher thermal conductivity. Also alternatively or additionally, the filling body may contain a material that locally changes, in particular increases, the stiffness (elastic modulus). The filling body may be a passive object. The filling body may alternatively be or contain an active object. The active object may be, for example, a sensor or an actuator.

[0025] By providing the cavity and, optionally, the filling body, the properties of the rigid sealing ring can be freely adjusted in a wide range with respect to surface hardness, elasticity, weight, thermal conductivity and cost without requiring special additional efforts in terms of manufacturing tools. To form the filling body, plastics and / or metals, in particular of various shapes, can be introduced into the cavity depending on the application.

[0026] The formation of the cavity does not depend on whether the ring body or its intermediate product is formed partly or entirely by deformation or molding.

[0027] One separate independent aspect of the present disclosure envisages a manufacturing method in which the ring body of the hard seal ring is (at least partially) formed by primary molding and has a uniform, circumferentially joint-free ring shape. The term primary molding in the present disclosure includes mold-constrained manufacturing, such as centrifugal casting, chill casting or gravity casting, as well as mold-free manufacturing by additive material deposition (3D printing). Primary molding manufacturing may be linked to the above-mentioned manufacturing techniques by deformation. In particular, in a first step, a semi-finished product with an elongated or straight extension can be produced by primary molding, and then this semi-finished product can be deformed to form an intermediate product with an open ring shape. Furthermore, the above-mentioned steps can be subsequently carried out to produce a closed ring shape.

[0028] Alternatively, in one further embodiment of the present disclosure, the closed ring body can be directly formed by molding, and optionally, the trough portion can be formed by deformation in one separate processing step.

[0029] One alternative manufacturing embodiment of the present disclosure envisages the presence of at least the following manufacturing steps: preparing a negative mould with a shaping contour and producing a closed ring body by primary moulding, in particular by casting, more in particular by aluminium die casting, whereby the ring body has a rotationally symmetric basic shape with respect to an axis and, in a cross section lying in the direction of the axis, has a contact portion arranged on the outward end face in the direction of the axis (A) and a tank portion arranged on the radial periphery of the ring body and lying on the opposite side of the contact portion in the direction of the axis.

[0030] In the negative mold, a ring-shaped additive material can be introduced before or already during the primary forming process, which forms a sliding coating in the contact area. Alternatively or additionally, an additive material can be introduced which locally changes, in particular increases, the elastic modulus.

[0031] A further independent aspect of the present disclosure provides that the radial surface portion of the ring body located between the trough portion and the contact portion is provided with a protective coating, in particular on the radial circumferential surface of the collar. The protective coating may at least partially consist of the same material as the sliding coating in the contact portion. Alternatively, the protective coating may be formed of another material. The protective coating may be formed in one or more layers, in particular in two layers. In practice, it has been found that in the mounting position, indeed in most cases, material damage in the area of ​​the sliding coating or in the area of ​​the contact zone limits the service life of the hard sealing ring. However, in individual cases, infiltration of foreign bodies, in particular hard particles, into the area between the housing portion and the radial surface portion of the ring body located between the trough portion and the contact portion, in particular on the radial circumferential surface of the collar, also occurs. By applying a protective coating to this area, the hard seal ring becomes more resistant to mechanical attack by such foreign objects, which improves the hard seal ring's failure protection and allows for a more accurate prediction of its achievable pot life.

[0032] A further independent aspect of the disclosure now envisages that on the radial circumferential surface of the ring body, in particular in the region of the trough portion, there are a number of surface portions with different adhesion-promoting properties adjacent to one another in the axial direction. The trough portion is preferably provided with an axially defined surface portion which covers only a portion of the trough portion, in which case this surface portion has an increased adhesion-promoting property towards a soft sealing ring which can be fitted thereon, in particular due to the presence of an adhesion-promoting additive material and / or due to the presence of an adhesion-promoting surface structure. The adhesion-promoting additive material may for example be a coating material different from the base material of the ring body. The adhesion-promoting surface structure may for example be a roughening or a surface texturing. The hard sealing ring is supported by the soft sealing ring in a defined mounting position. It has been found that if the soft sealing ring has a local twist or misposition in the mounting position, malfunctions or premature wear of the hard sealing ring may occur. Such twists or mispositions may possibly occur during the insertion of the hard sealing ring into the housing. Due to the locally different adhesion promoting effect at the above-mentioned surface portions, and in particular the improved adhesion promoting effect, it is achieved that the soft sealing ring, which is fitted over the tub portion, performs a controlled and uniform rolling movement between the tub portion and the housing when inserted into the housing, thereby avoiding twisting of the soft sealing ring and supporting or ensuring its correct positioning in the mounting position, which also improves the failure prevention measures of the hard sealing ring and allows a more accurate prediction of the achievable working life.

[0033] One separate and independent aspect of the present disclosure envisages that the sliding coating is multi-layered, in particular having two or more separate coating layers overlapping in the axial direction, the multi-layer construction being capable of having various forms that can be combined with each other in any way, both in terms of physical construction and in terms of manufacturing format.

[0034] Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the sliding coating has at least one graded coating layer with a non-uniform material structure. The material structure of the graded coating layer may have at least two zones, more particularly a plurality of zones, in which different material mixtures and / or different concentrations of hard particles and / or self-lubricants are present, in particular in cross-section and in the axial direction. Thus, for example, a first zone, located close to the ring body in the axial direction, may be provided with a high concentration of hard particles in order to generate permanent sliding properties. A second zone, located away from the ring body in the axial direction, in particular the outer edge zone of the sliding coating, may have a high concentration of self-lubricants in order to generate running-in properties. Between these zones, there may be a graded transition in the concentration of hard particles and / or self-lubricants. The graded transition may be flowing or may be divided into separate intermediate zones.

[0035] In a first embodiment, it is envisaged that the sliding coating comprises a wear-resistant permanent sliding layer and, on the other hand, a separate conforming layer. Preferably, the conforming layer is arranged superimposed on the wear-resistant permanent sliding layer. Alternatively, the conforming layer may be arranged adjacent to or overlapping the permanent sliding layer.

[0036] In one alternative embodiment, the first coating layer can be applied to a semi-finished or intermediate product that is joined to form a circumferentially closed ring body, in which case at least one further coating layer of the sliding coating is applied only after joining.

[0037] In this way, the joint can be covered or masked in the circumferential direction by at least one further coating layer. Advantageously, the forming process for forming the ring body can be provided with rather low manufacturing tolerances without undesirably impairing the sealing and rotation properties.

[0038] One separate independent aspect of the present disclosure envisages that the tank portion has an intermediate region and at least one adjacent lateral support region, the support region being located on a side of the intermediate region away from the contact portion in the axial direction, and in this case the lateral support region is formed by a collar.

[0039] In a first embodiment, the longitudinal extension of the collar may be greater in cross section than its thickness by a factor x, where x is at least 1.5, preferably 2 to 4. The collar thus has a substantially flat thin-walled hollow cylindrical shape, whereby the collar may be further processed by deformation using simple means, and independently of whether the ring body was initially produced by deformation or primary forming. The collar may have a longitudinal extension, particularly initially in cross section, that is oriented in the axial direction. In other words, it may be an axial collar.

[0040] In one further embodiment, which can be used alone or in combination with the above-mentioned embodiment, the lateral support regions of the trough part can be additionally bent or bent during production of the ring body for a given mounting position in comparison with the starting shape, so that the longitudinal extension of the trough part is inclined relatively strongly in cross section towards the trough part. This additional bending or bent-up of the lateral support regions, in particular the collar, can provide various advantages. On the one hand, it is possible to adapt the hard sealing ring to various shapes of the soft sealing ring, via which the hard sealing ring can be supported on the component. Furthermore, by additionally deforming the lateral support regions by bending or bent-up, the effective width of the trough part can be adapted or adjusted. That is to say, the hard sealing ring can be precisely adapted for various application options with respect to pairing with an alternative soft sealing ring.

[0041] It is accompanied by the above-mentioned features that, in the case of a ring body produced by one-piece molding, an undercut is preferably formed in the ring body in the lateral support areas facing away from the trough part (5), the undercut being preferably provided in such a way that the material thickness in the area of ​​the lateral support areas is significantly smaller than in the middle area of ​​the trough part.

[0042] In summary, the present disclosure presents a technique for providing rigid seal rings that offers modular manufacturing possibilities, allowing for advantageous mass production (die casting) as well as the manufacture of individual components or small quantities for special applications, with the best possible adaptation of the rigid seal ring to the requirements of each application.

[0043] Further advantageous configurations of the disclosure are set forth in the dependent claims, the following description as well as the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The invention is illustrated diagrammatically in the drawing. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0045] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a group of components including a sliding seal device according to the present disclosure in an assumed installation position. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a sliding seal device according to the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view similar to FIG. 3 in an alternative configuration. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the hard seal ring in the first embodiment. [Figure 6] 13A-13C show a second embodiment of a sliding seal device having an alternative configuration of hard seal rings. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the hard seal ring shown in FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing method according to the present disclosure. [Figure 9]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one alternative embodiment of a hard seal ring. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a sliding seal device. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a sliding seal device. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the hard seal ring shown in FIG. 10 alone. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing method according to the present disclosure. [Figure 14] 14A to 14C are cross-sectional views showing different semi-finished products. [Figure 15] 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views showing a hard seal ring and a soft seal ring in different states when being inserted into a component member; [Figure 16] 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views showing a hard seal ring and a soft seal ring in different states when being inserted into a component member;

[0046] In Fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the sliding sealing device (60) is shown in a possible mounting position in a subassembly (100). The subassembly (100) comprises a first component (101) and a second component (102) supported relative to each other about an axis (A). Support is provided here, for example, by a rotary bearing (103), in particular a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0047] Between each of the components (101, 102) is formed a gap (104) which extends at least partially in one radial plane relative to the axis (A). Through this gap (104) a transfer of liquid or gas may occur between the interior and exterior spaces of the component group (100). To prevent or limit such transfer, a sliding seal device (60) according to the present disclosure is disposed between each of the components (101, 102).

[0048] The sliding seal device (60) has a first hard seal ring (61) and a second hard seal ring (62), which are adjacent to each other and coaxially arranged along the axis (A) in the illustrated assumed installation position.

[0049] FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detailed view of the upper half of the sliding seal device (60) shown in FIG.

[0050] At least one, preferably both, of the hard seal rings (61, 62) are formed according to the present disclosure. Such hard seal rings (61, 62) include a ring body (2, 2') having a basic shape that is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis (A). The ring body has, in a cross section (Q) located in the direction of the axis (A), a contact portion (3) arranged on one end surface of the ring body (2, 2'), where the contact portion (3) faces outward in the direction of the axis (A). Furthermore, the ring body (2, 2') includes, in the cross section (Q), a trough portion (5) arranged on the radial circumferential surface of the ring body (2, 2') and located on the opposite side to the contact portion (3) in the direction of the axis (A). In the example shown in Figs. 1 to 7, the trough portion (5) is arranged on the radially outward circumferential surface of the ring body (2, 2'). FIG. 10 shows an alternative embodiment in which the trough portion (5) is arranged on the radially inwardly situated circumferential surface of the ring bodies (2, 2').

[0051] The ring body (2, 2') has a sliding coating (8) on the contact portion (3). The sliding coating (8) may be formed in a single layer or, preferably, in a multilayer. The sliding coating (8) may have two or more separate coating layers (9, 10) which at least partially overlap in the direction of the axis (A).

[0052] The components (101, 102) may be provided with a seal receiving portion (105, 106) which may be formed in any suitable manner. The seal receiving portion (105, 106) may, for example, have the basic shape of a ring groove with an obliquely inclined circumferential surface. The seal receiving portion (105, 106) may alternatively be formed in any different manner.

[0053] The sliding seal device (60) according to the present disclosure preferably comprises at least one, more preferably two soft seal rings (63, 64), which may for example have the shape of an O-ring (see Figs. 1-7) or a trapezoidal ring (see Figs. 10-11). The soft seal rings (63, 64) are used on the one hand to support a respective one of the hard seal rings (63, 64) in the associated seal receiving portions (105, 106) of the components (101, 102) and on the other hand to statically seal between the respective components (101, 102) and the hard seal rings (63, 64).

[0054] During the relative rotation between the components (101, 102), one of the hard seal rings (63, 64) is entrained during the rotational movement of each of the components (101, 102), i.e., there is no or only very little relative movement between each of the hard seal rings (63, 64) and the components (101, 102) in the circumferential direction.

[0055] However, the hard seal rings (63, 64) extend circumferentially and contact each other via their respective contact portions (3), thereby forming abutment areas (65) closed by body contact between each of the hard seal rings (63, 64) and more particularly between each of the contact portions (3).

[0056] Thus, when the components (101, 102) move, the hard seal rings (63, 64) slide against each other in the circumferential direction and form a seal barrier in the abutment area (65). This barrier separates the first section (107) from the second section (108), which are located radially adjacent to each other on the outside and inside of the sliding seal device (60). In the example of Figures 1 and 2, the first section (107) is formed radially outside the sliding seal device (60) and axially between the end faces of the components (101, 102). The first section may be identical to the gap (104) or may communicate with the gap (104).

[0057] The second section (108) is formed radially inward of the sliding seal device (60).

[0058] At least one of the compartments can preferably contain a lubricant and / or coolant, for example transmission oil or another common lubricant. When the hard sealing rings (63, 64) move relative to each other, this lubricant and / or coolant is preferably entrained by the body contact and distributed to the contact portion (3) or the sliding coating (8). Alternatively, the sliding sealing device may be present as a non-lubricated coating.

[0059] In the following, various configurations of the rigid sealing ring (1) are described, which can be combined with one another in any manner. In particular, in a sliding sealing device, two different rigid sealing rings (1) or two identical rigid sealing rings (1) can be combined.

[0060] FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a sliding seal device (60) according to a first embodiment.

[0061] In this example, each hard sealing ring (1) has a multi-layer sliding coating (8). The sliding coating (8) consists of a first coating layer (9) which is applied directly to the ring body (2, 2'), in particular to the contact portion (3). The sliding coating (8) furthermore comprises a second coating layer (10) which is applied superimposed on the first coating layer (9). The second coating layer may preferably completely cover the first coating layer in the circumferential and / or radial direction. Alternatively, only a partial coverage may be envisaged. The sliding coating (8) preferably has a wear-resistant permanent sliding layer (11), which may also be referred to as the sliding layer. The permanent sliding layer (11) is particularly preferably the first coating layer (9). In one preferred configuration, the sliding coating (8) and in particular the sliding layer (11) has a hardness (Vickers hardness) of at least 400 HV, more in particular more than 700 HV or more than 800 HV.

[0062] The permanent sliding layer (11) may have any structure and may be manufactured in any manner. Particularly preferably, the permanent sliding layer (11) is made of a metal-matrix composite comprising a bonding matrix in which hard particles are embedded. The embedded hard particles are made of the following materials: Carbides, especially metal carbides, more especially Chromium carbide, Iron carbide, Tungsten carbide, Titanium carbide, Silicon carbide, Oxides, in particular metal oxides, more especially Aluminum oxide, ○Zirconium oxide, Nitrides, in particular metal nitrides, more especially Boron nitride may include at least one or more of:

[0063] The binding matrix may suitably be formed from a nickel base and / or a nickel-chromium base and / or a cobalt base and / or an iron base.

[0064] In one further preferred configuration that can be combined with the above mentioned features, the permanent sliding layer (11) may contain additional self-lubricating agents, which are in particular the following substances: ·molybdenum, ·copper, Molybdenum sulfide, ·bronze, ·brass, Graphite, Boron nitrite (especially hexagonal boron nitrite), ·PTFE or a compound thereof.

[0065] The separate conforming layer (12) may suitably comprise graphite or a soft metal such as copper, zinc, tin or aluminium. The soft metal may be present in pure form or as an alloy. Alternatively or additionally, the conforming layer (12) may comprise graphite or a soft metal such as lead, copper, zinc, tin or aluminium in a metal matrix, for example graphite in a nickel matrix or lead in a nickel matrix.

[0066] The running-in layer (12) may be removed relatively quickly locally in the abutment area (65) when the sliding seal device is put into service, so that the contacting hard seal rings (61, 62) have surface portions that run perfectly flush with each other. By removing the running-in layer, the hard seal rings (61, 62) can also approach each other microscopically in the axial direction (A), so that the wear-resistant permanent sliding layers (11) located behind them, which have a significantly higher dynamic stability, gradually come into contact with each other.

[0067] In the exemplary diagrams shown in Figures 5 and 7, the contact portion (3) may be inclined in the cross section (Q) at a certain angle (W) with respect to the axis (A), where this angle (W) is preferably between 80° (angle) and 89.5°, or the angle (W) is between 90.5° and 100°. In other words, this inclination angle preferably differs from a right angle by a predefined minimum dimension.

[0068] Correspondingly, the contact parts (3) are preferably positioned in a given mounting position in the abutment area (65) facing each other as slightly inclined surfaces, between which a small opening angle remains, particularly preferably in the range of 0.5° to 3°. Alternatively, this opening angle may be larger.

[0069] This opening angle ensures that with the passage of time in use and with the corresponding wear of the sliding coating (8), the hard sealing rings (61, 62) can microscopically move closer and closer together along the axis (A), with the abutment area (65) between the contact parts (3) being displaced radially inwards or radially outwards depending on the selected angle (W). In the example shown in FIG. 2, the abutment area (65) is formed radially outwards between the contact parts (3) at the start of use and gradually moves radially inwards. In the example shown in FIG. 11, the opposite is the case.

[0070] The ring bodies (2, 2') may in principle be made of any deformable or formable material. Particularly preferably, the ring bodies (2, 2') are made of a metal material, more preferably of an aluminum or iron material. The choice of material may depend on the envisaged application. Alternatively or additionally, the ring bodies (2, 2') may be made of a plastic. Furthermore, production by shaped composite forming methods is possible, for example by forming a fibre composite by lamination.

[0071] The ring body (2, 2') has a collar (13) in cross section (Q), preferably on the side of the trough part (5) facing the contact part (3). The collar (13) may in particular be a ring collar, more in particular a radial ring collar. The collar (13) may be connected to the lateral support area (17) of the trough part (5) or may be present separately. The collar (13) may preferably be used in a given mounting position to open only a narrow annular gap to the corresponding seal receiving part (105, 106), so that the ingress of foreign matter from the compartment (107) in the direction of the trough part (5) and preferably the soft sealing ring (63, 64) arranged therein is prevented or limited.

[0072] The trough portion (5) of the ring body (2, 2') preferably has an intermediate region (16) with a flat contour in cross section (Q), the intermediate region (16) forming a seat for mounting the soft sealing ring (63, 64). The intermediate region (16) may have an inclined position with respect to the axial direction (A). The inclination of the intermediate region (16) with respect to the axis (A) may in particular be between 1° (angle) and 30°, or possibly even more. Alternatively, the intermediate region (16) may be oriented parallel to the axis (A).

[0073] Furthermore, the trough portion (5) preferably has, in cross section, a middle region (16) and at least one directly adjacent lateral support region (17, 18). Further details regarding the shaping of the trough portion are shown in Figures 5, 7 and 9.

[0074] The bath part (5) may have a (first) lateral support area (17), which is located on the side of the intermediate area (16) facing the contact part (3) in the direction of the axis (A). Alternatively or additionally, the bath part (5) may have a (second) lateral support area (18), which is located on the side of the intermediate area (16) facing away from the contact part (3) in the direction of the axis (A).

[0075] The support regions (17, 18) on one or both sides limit the range of movement of the soft sealing rings (63, 64) or form abutment surfaces through which a support force can be transmitted or supported between the component (101, 102) or seal receiving portion (105, 106) and the hard sealing rings (61, 62) in the direction of the support force in the direction of the axis (A) via the soft sealing rings (63, 64).

[0076] Correspondingly, at least one of the lateral support regions (17, 18) is preferably inclined relative to the intermediate region (16), in particular with an obtuse inclination angle (N1, N2). Alternatively, other values ​​of the inclination angle (N1, N2), in particular a right angle, may also be present.

[0077] The intensity of the inclinations (N1, N2) as well as the longitudinal extension (L) of the second lateral support region (18) located on the side of the intermediate region (16) remote from the contact portion (3) in the direction of the axis (A) have a considerable influence on the variety of variants of the soft sealing rings (63, 64) that can be used with each hard sealing ring (61, 62). On the other hand, the choice of the soft sealing ring (63, 64) often depends on the conditions of use as well as on the available construction space. It is therefore advantageous to form the trough part (5) adaptable at least within the range of the (second) lateral support region, where a shape change is permitted. The shape change can be achieved in particular in that the (second) lateral support region (18) is formed by a collar (22) (see Figs. 6 to 9). This collar (22) can preferably have a longitudinal extension (L) in the cross section (Q) that is greater than its thickness (D) by a factor x, i.e. L=x×D. In this case, the factor x is at least 1.5, preferably 2 to 4. In particular, it may be provided that the rigid sealing ring is adapted to the specific application for which the collar (22) is to be deformed. Particularly preferably, the (second) lateral support region (18) may be additionally bent or beveled for a given mounting position compared to the starting shape, so that its longitudinal extension (L) is inclined more strongly (than in the starting position) in the cross section (Q) towards the trough part (5). In the example shown in FIG. 9, the ring body (2) is formed by deformation, in particular by a method of roll embossing a semifinished product (40), which will be explained in more detail subsequently below. In this case, the (second) lateral support region (18) is formed in the starting shape as an axial collar (22), the longitudinal extension (L) of which in the cross section (Q) runs in the direction of the axis (A) or is oriented collinearly with the extension of the intermediate region (16). From this starting shape, the collar (22) can be deformed by subsequent deformation steps into a position that is more strongly inclined towards the trough portion (5), also shown in FIG.

[0078] In the example shown in FIG. 7, a ring body (2') is shown which is formed by one-way moulding, in particular by casting of a metallic material, more particularly by die-casting of aluminium. In this case, the ring body (2') has an undercut (21) on the side of the (second) lateral support area (18) facing away from the trough part (5), so that a collar (22) also remains, in particular an axial collar (22) with a thin-walled hollow cylindrical basic shape. In this case, the longitudinal extension (L) of this axial collar (22) is preferably oriented parallel to the axis (A). This has the particular advantage that the negative mould for the one-way production of the ring body can be formed particularly simply and allows for processing moulding in the direction of the axis (A). This reduces the costs of the mould considerably.

[0079] The (second) lateral support area (18) may be provided with a preferably rounded sliding surface (19), which helps to slip the soft sealing rings (63, 64) on without damage.

[0080] The transition between the intermediate region (16) and the at least one lateral support region (17, 18) may have any contouring. The presence of a rounded transition in the cross section (Q) between the intermediate region (16) and the at least one lateral support region (17, 18) is advantageous for example for the use of soft sealing rings (63, 64) with a circular cross-sectional shape, in particular for the use of O-rings. This contouring is shown in various configurations in the individual figures. Alternatively, an angular or stepped transition may also be present (not shown).

[0081] The position, radius and arc length of the rounded transition may preferably be adjustable. If the entire ring body (2) is produced by deformation, this adjustment can be made in particular during the production process, based on the configuration or position and in particular the relative positions of the production means, in particular the embossing roller or the edging tool. If the ring body (2') is produced by one-step molding, adjustment is possibly only possible for the (second) lateral support area (18) on the side opposite the contact part (3).

[0082] The hard sealing ring according to the present disclosure may comprise a ring body (2, 2') preferably having a cavity (14) in the cross-section (Q). The cavity (14) may have any shape and position. The cavity (14) is preferably formed as a semi-open, mainly or completely arranged hollow or semi-hollow space in the cross-section of the ring body, which hollow or semi-hollow space is located on the side opposite the contact portion (3) on the one hand and on the side opposite the trough portion (5) on the other hand. In other words, the ring body (2, 2') has a cavity (14) preferably located in the cross-section (Q) adjacent to the contact portion (3) on the one hand and adjacent to the trough portion (5) on the other hand, and isolated from the contact portion (3) and the trough portion (5) by a part of the wall of the ring body (2, 2'), respectively.

[0083] The cavity (14) may remain empty in the mounting position or may be partially or completely filled with a filling body (15). The filling body (15) may be made of any material and may have any shaped portion. The filling body (15) may serve one or more purposes, for example reinforcement, improvement of thermal conductivity or aiding in the supply or evacuation of lubricants and / or coolants. The improvement of thermal conductivity and / or the supply or evacuation of lubricants and / or coolants may be particularly advantageously utilized to evacuation of thermal energy, which is generated during operation, particularly in the abutment region (65), and which may be evacuation via the wall region of the ring body (2, 2') located next to it.

[0084] The cavity 14 may be formed regardless of the manufacturing method of the ring bodies 2, 2'. The shaping of the cavity 14 may be adapted to each application.

[0085] 1 to 5 and 10 to 12 show examples in which the cavity (14) is partially or completely surrounded by the ring bodies (2, 2') in the cross section (Q). Figures 7 and 9 show examples in which the cavity (14) is provided as a semi-hollow space surrounded only partially by the ring bodies (2, 2').

[0086] In the example shown in FIG. 5, a ring body (2) is shown formed by deformation processing from a semi-finished product (40), which was once a circular or ring-shaped flat piece of material with a hollow space and in cross-section (Q') (see FIG. 14C).

[0087] In this case, the cavity (14) extends deep into the bend formed between the contact part (3) and the tub part (5) in the region of the ring collar (13). A filler (15) is introduced into the cavity (14), which is made of a highly thermally conductive metal, such as copper or tin. The filler (15) can be produced, for example, by centrifugal high-temperature soldering. On the one hand, the filler (15) serves to provide a mechanical support between the contact part (3) and the tub part (5), and on the other hand, it can significantly promote heat dissipation, which also brings about a great advantage in terms of the working life.

[0088] The collar (13) is optionally provided with a protective coating (25). The protective coating (25) may be formed in a single layer or in multiple layers. In the illustrated embodiment, the protective coating is two-layered and includes a first (inner) layer (25a). The first (inner) layer (25a) may preferably consist of a hard, wear-resistant material. The first layer (25a) may consist of the same material as the first coating layer (9), in particular in the contact area (3). The protective coating (25) further includes in the illustrated embodiment a second (outer) layer (25b). This second layer (25b) may preferably consist of a material different from the first layer (25a), in particular of a relatively soft material. Furthermore, the second layer (25b) may have certain complementary material properties, such as, for example, increased corrosion resistance relative to the first layer (25a) or relative to the base material of the ring bodies (2, 2'), or increased resistance to certain possible foreign bodies, such as acids or alkalis. The second layer (25b) may optionally consist of the same material as the second coating layer (10) in the contact portion (3).

[0089] In one preferred configuration, the sliding coating (8) on the contact portion (3) and the protective coating (25) on the collar (13) have the same material / layer composition.

[0090] The protective coating (25) and the sliding coating (8) can be applied separately or in one common step. The protective coating (25) and the sliding coating (8) can furthermore be materially defined or made to transition into one another. This can optionally apply selectively to only some of the layers of the protective coating (25a, 25b) or to only some of the layers of the sliding coating (9, 10, 11, 12).

[0091] In the example shown in Figure 5, the protective coating (25) on the collar (13) and the sliding coating (8) on the contact area (3) transition into each other in the area of ​​the periphery of the ring body (2, 2') located between them. In another example shown in Figure 9 or Figure 12, the protective coating (25) on the collar (13) and the sliding coating (8) on the contact area (3) are separate and there is no direct material transition between them.

[0092] The protective coating (25) may in one alternative configuration be arranged on another radial surface portion of the ring body (2, 2'), which radial surface portion is located between the bath portion (5) and the contact portion (3). The radial surface portion may face towards the outside of the ring body (2, 2'), as shown in Figures 5 and 9, or towards the inside of the ring body (2, 2'), as shown in Figure 12.

[0093] In the cross-section shown in Fig. 5, a further preferred configuration of the hard sealing ring is shown. Here, the radial periphery of the ring body (2, 2'), more precisely in the region of the trough part (5), is provided with surface portions (27, 28) with different adhesion-promoting properties adjacent to one another in the axial direction (A). The trough part (5) may in particular be provided with a (first) surface portion (27) defined in the axial direction (A), which (first) surface portion (27) covers only a portion of the trough part (5), in which case this surface portion (27) has an increased adhesion-promoting property towards the soft sealing ring (63, 64) which can be fitted thereon. The surface portion (27) with increased adhesion-promoting properties may be provided in any manner, in particular by the addition of an adhesion-promoting additive material (29) and / or by the provision of an adhesion-promoting surface structure. The trough portion (5) may furthermore be provided with a (second) surface portion (28) defined in the axial direction (A), the (second) surface portion (28) having further surface properties. This further surface portion (28) may have an enhanced sealing-promoting effect, in particular with respect to soft sealing rings. The enhanced sealing-promoting effect may likewise be provided in any manner, in particular by the addition of a sealing-promoting additive material (30) and / or by the provision of a sealing-promoting surface structure.

[0094] Figures 15 and 16 illustrate one preferred procedure for inserting the hard seal ring (62) together with the soft seal ring (64) fitted over the tub portion (5) into the seal receiving portion (106) of the housing (102). The tub portion (5) of the hard seal ring (62) may preferably be provided with a circumferential groove (26), which is shown in enlarged form in Figure 5. The circumferential groove (26) may have any configuration. The circumferential groove (26) may be particularly preferably arranged between the intermediate region (16) of the tub portion (5) and a lateral support region (18) located away from the contact portion (3). Furthermore, the intermediate region (16) and / or the lateral support region (18) may be inclined with respect to the axial direction (A). In the circumferential groove (26), a local extremum of the circumferential diameter exists along the axis (A) in the cross section (Q). As a result, the soft seal ring, which is slightly stretched compared to its basic shape and fitted over the hard seal ring (2, 2', 62), may be pushed to a favorable position along the circumferential groove (26) due to its elastic return deformation. In the examples shown in Figures 5, 7, 9 and 15, the circumferential groove (26) is formed by a local minimum of the circumferential diameter on the radial outer surface of the ring body. In the example shown in Figure 12, the circumferential groove (26) is formed by a local maximum of the circumferential diameter on the radial inner surface of the ring body.

[0095] The soft sealing ring (64) can be slipped onto the trough part (5) in a pre-installation step, in particular along the circumferential groove (26), thereby removing any twisting. To aid in the slip-on installation without twisting as well as a quick position check, the soft sealing ring may optionally have a circumferential line marking (66), which is visible as a circular line on the outer surface, in particular in the undeformed state of the soft sealing ring. In FIG. 15, the circumferential line marking (66) is located on the radially outer surface of the soft sealing ring (64) and indicates the maximum circumference of this sealing ring.

[0096] In the illustrated pre-fitted position, it is possible to see at a glance over the extent of the circumferential line marking (66) whether the soft sealing ring is (is not) twist-free fitted over the hard sealing ring. If the soft sealing ring is twist-free fitted over the hard sealing ring, the hard sealing ring can be inserted into the component (102) as shown in the transition from the left to the right view of FIG. 15. During this insertion, a rolling movement is preferably created in which the soft sealing ring rolls without slipping on the surface of the trough part (5) on the one hand and on the surface of the seal receiving part (106) of the component (102) on the other hand, so that the sealing ring forms the same rolling angle (Z) at any point along its circumference.

[0097] The above-described configuration of the trough portion (5) with adjacent surface portions (27, 28) in the axial direction (A) each having a different adhesion-promoting activity promotes this uniform rolling motion.

[0098] FIG. 16 shows another movement of the soft sealing ring (64) that can occur during the manufacture of the seal pair according to the (predetermined) final position shown in FIG. 6. In this case, the hard sealing ring (62) is pressed further into the seal receiving portion (106) in the component (102) in the axial direction (A). In this case, the soft sealing ring (64) is preferably also subjected to a rolling movement, in which the soft sealing ring (64) again rolls without slip on the surface of the trough part (5) on the one hand and on the surface of the seal receiving portion (106) in the component (102) on the other hand. This is shown in FIG. 16 in the transition from the left to the right view. During this rolling movement, the soft sealing ring (64) may possibly additionally be elastically compressed. The attempt of the soft sealing ring (64) to return to its original body shape generates an elastic support force between the hard sealing ring (62) and the seal receiving portion (106) in the component (102). The more uniform the rolling angle (Z) that can be formed around the circumference of the soft sealing ring (64), the more uniform the support force against the hard sealing ring (62) will be, which again promotes uniform and therefore long-lasting contact in the area of ​​the sliding surface (9) at the contact portion (3).

[0099] 16, the soft sealing ring (64) can be displaced relative to the trough portion (5) along the intermediate region (16) of the trough portion (5) such that the primary body contact between the soft sealing ring (64) and the hard sealing ring (62) is no longer at the adhesion-promoting enhanced surface portion (27) but preferably at the seal-promoting enhanced surface portion (28) adjacent to the adhesion-promoting enhanced surface portion (27).

[0100] The above-mentioned configurations of the soft seal ring (64) and the hard seal ring (62), either alone or in combination, facilitate achieving twist-free pre-installation as well as final installation of the soft seal ring. Furthermore, via the circumferential line markings (66) on the soft seal ring (64), the twist-free condition of the soft seal ring (64) and the resulting proper support of the hard seal ring (62) can be inspected with the naked eye or by simple visual means, both in the pre-installed condition shown in FIG. 15 and during final assembly / manufacturing of the seal pair shown in FIG. 16. This effectively reduces or completely eliminates installation errors and the resulting loss of pot life.

[0101] The ring body (2, 2') may have one or more openings (23, 24) along the circumferential direction (U), which may be introduced separately or may result from the manufacturing method or the original shape of the semi-finished product (40).

[0102] 4 shows a circumferentially continuous slit-like opening (24) as well as various local openings (23), which penetrate the wall of the ring body (2, 2') and preferably open into the cavity (14). These openings (23, 24) are preferably arranged outside the contact part (3) and outside the tank part (5). On the one hand, the openings (23, 24) can be used to provide an inlet for introducing the filler (15). On the other hand, the openings (23, 24) can contribute to facilitating the supply or withdrawal of lubricant and / or coolant, and can generate a pumping action, especially when the hard sealing rings (61, 62) move relative to each other.

[0103] 8 and 13 illustrate in schematic form one preferred method of manufacturing a rigid sealing ring according to the present disclosure, comprising the steps of providing a semi-finished product (40) with an elongated extension, deforming, in particular roll forming, more in particular roll embossing, the semi-finished product (40) and forming an intermediate product (44) with an open ring shape, and joining both ends (45) of the intermediate product (44) to form a ring body (2) with a rotationally symmetric basic shape with respect to an axis (A) and a closed perimeter (U).

[0104] The deformation, in particular roll forming or roll embossing, can be particularly preferably carried out by arranging several rolls (41, 42, 43), in particular embossing rolls or embossing rollers. At least some of the rolls (41, 42) preferably have a shaping, in which part of the cross-sectional shape of the ring body (2) is formed during the deformation process. One or more further rolls (43) can also be provided to additionally guide the semi-finished or intermediate product and / or provide a supplementary adaptation to the shaping rolls. In the example shown in FIG. 8, an upper roll (41) and a lower roll (42) are provided which are shaped in such a way that between them the cross-sectional shape of the trough part (5) with the intermediate region (16) and the first lateral support region (17) and the transition to the ring collar (13) are set. Another embossing roll (43), which can be fed from the side, is used to adjust the position of the body area of ​​the semi-finished product (40) which forms the contact portion (3) in the (later) ring body (2), in particular to adjust the inclination angle (W) relative to the axis (A).

[0105] This body region may already be provided with at least one first coating layer (9) for the sliding coating (8) before the deformation, i.e. on the semi-finished product (40). This allows the use of semi-finished products prepared as rods already coated with the sliding coating (8), which leads to considerable cost savings. The joining of the two ends (45) of the intermediate product (44) can be carried out in any manner, particularly preferably by laser welding, more preferably by introducing the welding energy from the side opposite the contact portion (3) on the one hand and / or from the side opposite the trough portion (5) on the other hand. In other words, it is preferably provided for the welding energy to be introduced into the material of the ring body (2) from the side with the semi-open cavity (14), which results in minimal damage to the already applied sliding coating (8). In this way, a particularly high coplanarity between the butted end regions of the local contact portions (3) at the two ends (45) of the intermediate product (44) to be joined can be achieved. Alternatively, the introduction of the welding energy may take place from the other side, in particular from the side radially opposite the cavity (14).

[0106] The coplanarity can be further increased by applying, after bonding of the ends (45), a further coating layer (10) overlapping the first coating layer (9). This further coating layer (10) can in particular be a running-in layer (12). Alternatively or additionally, a wear-resistant permanent sliding layer (11) or an additional sliding layer (11) can be applied. In other words, the further coating layers (10, 11) are applied to the ring body (2) with a closed circumference (U).

[0107] At least one coating layer (9, 10) of the sliding coating (8) can be applied in any manner. Particularly preferred is the following method: Thermal spraying, especially ○High velocity flame spraying, Arc spraying, Plasma spraying, Laser alloying, - overlay welding, in particular with laser or arc Vapor deposition, especially Physical vapor deposition, Chemical vapor deposition At least one of these is used.

[0108] Any semi-finished product (40) can be used for the manufacturing method using deformation, which may be, for example, a flat material, as shown in Figure 14A, in particular a flat metal strip or sheet metal strip.

[0109] Alternatively, the semi-finished product (40) may be a preformed material, in particular a flat material preformed in cross section (Q') (see FIG. 7).

[0110] Also alternatively, the semi-finished product (40) may be a flat material bent in the cross section (Q'), in particular a bent metal profile or sheet metal profile, more particularly an L- or U-shaped profile (see FIG. 14B).

[0111] Alternatively, the semi-finished product (40) may also be a flat material with a hollow space, rounded or annular in cross-section (Q'), in particular a tubular profile with a closed or open circumference (see FIG. 14C, FIGS. 1 to 5), more in particular a round or rectangular tubular profile.

[0112] The invention can be modified in various ways, and in particular, all features, aspects and configurations shown, described or claimed within the scope of this disclosure can be combined with each other in any manner or can be substituted for each other.

[0113] Alternatively or additionally to the above-mentioned method steps, at least one of the coating layers (9, 10) may be subjected to the following steps: It may be envisaged that the material surface of the contact portion (3) is locally heated above its melting temperature, alloyed with graphite, and cooled, in particular shock cooled, the material surface of the contact portion (3) below its austenitizing temperature.

[0114] The ring bodies according to the present disclosure may be formed by any manufacturing method. Alternatively or in addition to the specifically described deformation and forming methods, the following methods may be used to manufacture the ring bodies and / or the filling bodies and / or the sliding coating: Mold-free primary forming with additive material deposition, in particular 3D printing with deposition of materials present as powder, filament or liquid material, · Mold-free one-step forming with additive material deposition, in particular 3D printing with selective laser melting (SLS) or multi-jet fusion (MJF), Particularly drop forging, chill casting, centrifugal casting, gravity casting, precision casting, and die-constrained primary forming by sintering At least one of the following may be used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0115] 1. Hard seal ring / sliding hard seal ring 2 Ring body 2' Ring body 3 Contact area 4 End face 5 tank part 6 Radial circumferential surface (outward) 7 Radial circumferential surface (towards the center) 8. Sliding Coating 9 First Coating Layer 10 Second coating layer 11 Slip layer 12 Familiarization layer 13 Color / Ring Color / Radial Ring Color 14 Cavity 15 Filling 16 Middle area / seat 17 First Lateral Support Area 18 Second Lateral Support Area 19 Sliding surface 20 Back wall 21 Undercut 22 collar / axial collar 23 Opening (local) 24 opening (extending circumferentially) 25 Protective Coating 25a Protective Coating, First Layer 25b Protective coating, second layer 26 Circumferential groove 27 Surface area / adhesion promoting area 28 Surface part / sealing promotion part 29 Additives that promote adhesion 30 Additives that promote sealing 40 Semi-finished products 41 Roller / embossing roll 42 Roller / embossing roll 43 Roller / embossing roll 44 Intermediate products 45 End / end face on end side 60 Sliding seal device 61 First hard seal ring 62 Second hard seal ring 63 First soft seal ring 64 Second soft seal ring 65 Contact area 66 Circumferential Line Marking 100 composition groups 101 First component 102 Second component 103 Rotary bearings 104 Gap 105 Seal housing 106 Seal housing 107 First Section 108 Second Section 109 Circumferential groove A axis / axial direction D Thickness (material thickness in the lateral support areas) L Longitudinal extension (length of lateral support area) N1 Tilt angle N2 Incline angle Q Cross section of ring body, position in the direction of axis A Q' Cross section of semi-finished product R Radial direction W (angle between contact area / end face and axis) Z The rolling angle of the soft seal ring when inserted into the seal receiving part

Claims

1. A hard seal ring, comprising a ring body (2, 2') having a basic shape rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis (A), The ring body has, in a cross section (Q) located in the direction of the axis (A), a contact portion (3) arranged on one end surface of the ring body (2, 2'), the contact portion (3) facing outward in the direction of the axis (A); the ring body (2, 2') has a trough portion (5) in the cross section (Q), the trough portion (5) being arranged on the radial periphery of the ring body (2, 2') and located on the opposite side of the contact portion (3) in the direction of the axis (A); The ring body (2, 2') has a sliding coating (8) on the contact portion (3). In hard seal rings, the ring body (2, 2') has a cavity (14) in the cross section (Q), which cavity (14) is located on the one hand opposite the contact part (3) and on the other hand opposite the trough part (5), and / or The ring body (2) is manufactured by deforming a short piece of starting material, the starting material being bent into a ring shape and joined at both ends, thus forming a rigid seal ring.

2. 2. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the radial circumferential surface of the ring body (2, 2'), in particular in the region of the trough portion (5), is provided with surface portions (27, 28) adjacent to one another in the axial direction (A) and having different adhesion-promoting properties.

3. 3. The hard sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the trough portion (5) is provided with a surface portion (27) defined in the axial direction (A), which surface portion (27) covers only a portion of the trough portion (5), and which surface portion (27) has an adhesion-promoting effect on a soft sealing ring (63, 64) which can be fitted thereon, which is enhanced in particular by the presence of an adhesion-promoting additive material (29) and / or by the presence of an adhesion-promoting surface structure.

4. 4. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2, 2') has a collar (13) in the cross section (Q) at the trough portion (5) on the side of the contact portion (3).

5. 5. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2, 2') is provided with a protective coating (25) on a radial surface portion located between the trough portion (5) and the contact portion (3), in particular on the radial circumferential surface of the collar (13).

6. 6. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the sliding coating (8) comprises at least one graded coating layer with a non-uniform material structure.

7. The ring body (2, 2') is made of a metallic material; and / or It is made of plastic, 7. A rigid seal ring according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. 8. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2, 2') is made from a composite material, in particular a fiber composite, more in particular by a shaped composite forming process.

9. 9. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the sliding coating (8) is multi-layered, in particular comprising two or more coating layers (9, 10) overlapping in the direction of the axis (A).

10. 10. The hard sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the sliding coating (8) comprises a wear-resistant permanent sliding layer (11).

11. 11. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the sliding coating (8) has a hardness (Vickers hardness) of at least 400 HV, in particular more than 600 HV.

12. 12. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the permanent sliding layer (11) is formed by a metal-matrix composite comprising a bonding matrix in which hard particles are embedded.

13. The embedded hard particles are made of the following materials: Carbides, especially metal carbides, more especially Chromium carbide, Iron carbide, tungsten carbide, Titanium carbide, Silicon carbide, Oxides, especially metal oxides, more especially aluminium oxide, - zirconium oxide, Nitrides, especially metal nitrides, more especially ・Boron nitride 13. The rigid sealing ring of claim 1, further comprising one or more of:

14. The connection matrix is Nickel bases, Nickel-chromium base, Cobalt base, Iron base 14. The rigid seal ring according to claim 1, which is made of

15. The permanent sliding layer (11) may in particular be made of the following materials: molybdenum, copper, Boron, Molybdenum sulfide, bronze, brass, Graphite, Boron nitrite (especially hexagonal boron nitrite), PTFE 15. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, further comprising an additional self-lubricating agent comprising at least one of the following:

16. 16. The rigid sealing ring according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding coating (8) comprises a separate running-in layer (12).

17. The familiar layer (12) is containing graphite, or soft metals such as lead, copper, zinc, tin or aluminium, either in pure form or as an alloy; and / or Graphite or soft metals such as lead, copper, zinc, tin or aluminum in a metal matrix; 17. The rigid seal ring of claim 16.

18. 18. The rigid sealing ring according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the contact portion (3) is inclined in the transverse plane (Q) at an angle (W) relative to the axis (A), the angle (W) being between 80° (angle) and 89.5°, or the angle (W) being between 90.5° and 100°.

19. 19. The hard sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the trough portion (5) has an intermediate region (16) with a flat contour in the cross section (Q), said contour forming a seat surface for mounting a soft sealing ring (63, 64).

20. The hard seal ring of claim 19, wherein said intermediate region (16) is inclined with respect to said axial direction (A).

21. 21. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the trough portion (5) comprises, in the cross section, an intermediate region (16) and at least one directly adjacent lateral support region (17, 18).

22. 22. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the tank portion (5) has a (first) lateral support region (17) which is located on a side of the intermediate region (16) facing towards the contact portion (3) in the direction of the axis (A).

23. 23. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the tank portion (5) has a (second) lateral support region (18) which is located on a side of the intermediate region (16) remote from the contact portion (3) in the direction of the axis (A).

24. 24. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the at least one lateral support region (17, 18) is inclined relative to the intermediate region (16), in particular with an obtuse inclination angle (N1, N2), and the at least one lateral support region (17, 18) is inclined, in particular further relative to the axial direction (A).

25. 25. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein a circumferential groove (26) is formed between one lateral support region (18) of the trough portion (5) and the intermediate region (16), in which a local maximum of the diameter of the circumferential surface is present in the extension of the axis (A).

26. 26. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein a rounded transition is present in the cross section (Q) between the intermediate region (16) and the at least one lateral support region (17, 18).

27. 27. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the (second) lateral support region (18) is formed by a collar (22) whose longitudinal extension (L) is greater in the cross-section (Q) than its thickness (D) by a factor x, where x is at least 1.5, preferably between 2 and 4.

28. 28. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2') is at least partially formed by one-way molding, in particular by aluminum die casting, and wherein the (second) lateral support area (18) is provided with an undercut (21) on the side facing away from the trough portion (5).

29. 29. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2') is at least partially formed by one-way molding, in particular by aluminum die casting, and the (second) lateral support region (18) is formed in the starting shape as a collar (22), the longitudinal extension of which is oriented in the direction of the axis (A) in the cross-section (Q).

30. 30. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2) is at least partially formed by deformation, in particular by roll embossing of a rod-shaped semi-finished product (40), and the (second) lateral support region (18) is formed in the starting shape as an axial collar (22), the longitudinal extension (L) of which is oriented in the cross-section (Q) in the direction of the axis (A) or collinearly with the extension of the intermediate region (16).

31. 31. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the (second) lateral support region (18) is additionally bent or beveled in comparison with its starting shape for a given mounting position, so that its longitudinal extension (L) is inclined in the cross section (Q) towards the trough part (5).

32. 32. The rigid sealing ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2, 2') has a cavity (14) located in the cross-section (Q) adjacent to the contact portion (3) on the one hand and adjacent to the tank portion (5) on the other hand and isolated from the contact portion (3) and from the tank portion (5) by parts of the wall of the ring body (2, 2'), respectively.

33. A filler (15) is arranged in the cavity (14), which in particular comprises: and / or and / or the ring body comprises a material different from the base material, in particular a material with a lower surface hardness and / or a material with a higher thermal conductivity and / or a material with locally varying stiffness; and / or and / or comprising a 3D support contour formed in particular by a mold-free manufacturing process or by additive manufacturing; Active objects, in particular sensors or actuators, 33. A rigid sealing ring according to any one of claims 1 to 32.

34. 34. Rigid sealing ring according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity (14) is partly or completely surrounded by the ring body (2, 2') in the cross-section (Q).

35. 35. The hard seal ring according to claim 1, wherein the ring body (2, 2') has one or more openings (23, 24) along the circumferential direction (U), the openings (23, 24) opening into the cavity (14).

36. 36. The hard seal ring according to claim 1, wherein a soft seal ring (63) is arranged in the groove portion (5) of the hard seal ring (1), and the soft seal ring (63) occupies a favorable position along the circumferential groove (26), in particular due to an elastic return deformation.

37. A sliding seal device comprising at least one first hard seal ring (61) and a second hard seal ring (62) each having a contact portion (3), the hard seal rings (61, 62) being adjacent to each other along an axis (A) in a predetermined mounting position and being arranged coaxially with each other, whereby the contact portions (3) are in circumferential contact with each other, 2. A sliding seal arrangement, characterized in that at least one of the hard seal rings (61, 62) is constructed according to claim 1.

38. The sliding seal arrangement of claim 37, wherein the sliding seal arrangement (60) further comprises at least one soft seal ring (63, 64).

39. 39. The sliding seal device according to claim 38, wherein the soft sealing ring (63, 64) has a circumferential line marking (66), which is recognizable as a circular line on an outer surface of the soft sealing ring (63, 64) in a non-deformed state.

40. 2. A method for manufacturing a hard seal ring according to claim 1, said method comprising the steps of: Providing a blank (40) with an elongated or straight extension; - deforming, in particular roll forming, more in particular roll embossing, said semi-finished product (40) and forming an intermediate product (44) with an open ring shape; a step of joining the two ends (45) of the intermediate product (44) to form a ring body (2) having a rotationally symmetric basic shape with respect to the axis (A) and a closed circumference (U); A manufacturing method comprising:

41. 41. The method according to claim 40, wherein the semi-finished product (40) has a body region which forms the contact portion (3) in the ring body (2), and this body portion of the semi-finished product (40) is provided or applied with at least one first coating layer (9) for a sliding coating (8) already before the formation of the ring body (2).

42. 42. The method according to claim 40 or 41, wherein the semi-finished product (40) is a flat material, in particular a flat metal strip or sheet metal strip.

43. Said semi-finished product (40) may be a preformed material, in particular a flat piece of material preformed in cross section (Q'), or A flat material with a hollow space, rounded or annular in the cross section (Q'), in particular a tube profile with a closed or open circumference, more particularly a round or rectangular tube profile; The method of any one of claims 40 to 42.

44. 44. The method according to claim 40, further comprising applying a further coating layer (10), in particular a conformal layer (12), onto the first coating layer (9).

45. 45. The method according to any one of claims 40 to 44, further comprising applying a further coating layer (10) to the ring body (2) with a closed circumference.

46. At least one of said coating layers (9, 10) is coated by the following method: Thermal spraying, especially - High velocity flame spraying, Arc spraying, ・Plasma spraying, Laser alloying, Overlay welding, in particular with a laser or an electric arc, Evaporation, especially Physical vapor deposition, Chemical Vapor Deposition 46. ​​The method of claim 40, wherein the coating is performed by one of the following:

47. At least one of said coating layers (9, 10) is treated by the following steps: locally heating the material surface of said contact portion (3) above its melting temperature, alloying the graphite; cooling, in particular shock cooling, the material surface of the contact portion (3) below the austenitizing temperature.

47. The method of claim 40, wherein the coating is performed by one of the following:

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