Battery management device and method

Abstract

A battery management device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a data acquisition unit configured to acquire battery information including at least one of a battery voltage and a battery current, and a control unit configured to estimate a SOH of the battery based on the battery information, calculate a SOH score for the battery based on a reference value corresponding to the SOH in a plurality of preset reference profiles and the SOH, predict a plurality of SOHs of the battery in a target period, calculate a RUL score for the battery based on a plurality of reference values ​​corresponding to the plurality of SOHs in the plurality of reference profiles and the plurality of SOHs, and determine a safety score for the battery according to a safety grade of the battery based on the battery information.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0034948 filed on March 21, 2022, and all contents disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent application are incorporated as part of this specification.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery management device and method, and more particularly to a battery management device and method capable of evaluating the life of a battery. [Background technology]

[0003] In recent years, the demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones has increased dramatically, and the development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, and other products has progressed in earnest. As a result, research into high-performance batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged is being actively conducted.

[0004] Currently commercially available batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium batteries. Among these, lithium batteries are attracting attention due to their advantages over nickel-based batteries, such as the almost complete absence of memory effect, which allows for free charging and discharging, a very low self-discharge rate, and a high energy density.

[0005] Generally, batteries deteriorate with use, so it is necessary to accurately diagnose the battery condition in order to increase the expected lifespan of the battery. Conventionally, performance tests for the current and remaining lifespan of a battery have been conducted by estimating the battery's SOH (State of charge) and RUL (Remaining useful life) using various methods.

[0006] However, because such terms are unfamiliar to general users, there is a risk that they may not be able to accurately grasp the meaning of SOH, RUL, etc. Therefore, there is a need to develop technology that can comprehensively evaluate battery life from various aspects to help general users intuitively understand. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a battery management device and method capable of evaluating and scoring the life of a battery.

[0008] Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood from the following description and can be more clearly understood from the embodiments of the present invention. Also, it can be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof as set forth in the claims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A battery management device according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a data acquisition unit configured to acquire battery information including at least one of a battery voltage and a battery current, and a control unit configured to estimate a SOH of the battery based on the battery information, calculate a SOH score for the battery based on a reference value corresponding to the SOH in a plurality of preset reference profiles and the SOH, predict a plurality of SOHs of the battery in a target period, calculate a RUL score for the battery based on a plurality of reference values ​​corresponding to the plurality of SOHs in the plurality of reference profiles and the plurality of SOHs, and determine a safety score for the battery according to a safety grade of the battery based on the battery information.

[0010] The plurality of reference profiles may be configured to include a first reference profile indicating a maximum SOH per unit time for the battery, and a second reference profile indicating a minimum SOH per unit time for the battery.

[0011] The control unit may be configured to determine a first reference value corresponding to the SOH from the first reference profile, determine a second reference value corresponding to the SOH from the second reference profile, and calculate the SOH score based on a ratio of the SOH to the first reference value and the second reference value.

[0012] The control unit may be configured to determine a SOH reference interval for the first reference value and the second reference value, calculate a ratio of the SOH to the SOH reference interval, and calculate the SOH score by scoring the calculated ratio.

[0013] The control unit may be configured to determine a plurality of first reference values ​​for the target period from the first reference profile, determine a plurality of second reference values ​​for the target period from the second reference profile, and calculate the RUL score based on ratios of the plurality of SOHs to the plurality of first reference values ​​and the plurality of second reference values.

[0014] The control unit may be configured to determine an RUL reference interval for the sum of the plurality of first reference values ​​and the sum of the plurality of second reference values, calculate a ratio of the sum of the plurality of SOHs to the RUL reference interval, and convert the calculated ratio into a score to calculate the RUL score.

[0015] The plurality of reference profiles may be configured to include a third reference profile indicating an average SOH for the battery by unit time. The control unit may be configured to determine a target time point corresponding to a preset threshold from the third reference profile, and set the target period to a period from a current time point at which the SOH is estimated to the target time point.

[0016] The target period may be set to a period from the current time when the SOH is estimated to the expiration time of a warranty period preset for the battery. The control unit may be configured to calculate the safety score corresponding to the safety grade based on a preset safety grade table.

[0017] The control unit may be configured to determine an abnormal behavior for the battery information, calculate a similarity between the determined abnormal behavior and a preset abnormal profile, and determine the safety class based on the calculated similarity.

[0018] The control unit may be configured to determine a life score of the battery by adding and adding weights preset to correspond to the SOH score, the RUL score, and the safety score, respectively.

[0019] A battery system according to another aspect of the present invention may include the battery management device according to the one aspect of the present invention. A battery pack according to still another aspect of the present invention may include the battery management device according to the aspect of the present invention.

[0020] A battery management method according to yet another aspect of the present invention may include a battery information acquisition step of acquiring battery information including at least one of a battery voltage and a battery current; a SOH score calculation step of estimating the SOH of the battery based on the battery information and calculating an SOH score for the battery based on a reference value corresponding to the SOH in a plurality of preset reference profiles and the SOH; a RUL score calculation step of predicting multiple SOHs of the battery in a target period and calculating RUL scores for the battery based on a plurality of reference values ​​corresponding to the multiple SOHs in the plurality of reference profiles and the multiple SOHs; and a safety score calculation step of calculating a safety score of the battery according to a safety grade of the battery based on the battery information. Effect of the Invention

[0021] According to an aspect of the present invention, a battery management device is advantageous in that it can evaluate the performance of a battery in various aspects by calculating a SOH score, a RUL score, and a safety score for the battery.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, the battery management device can provide detailed scores such as SOH score, RUL score, and safety score for a battery, and can also provide a battery life score calculated by combining the detailed scores. Thus, a user can check the detailed scores for the battery management device and can also check the battery life score, which is a combined score. In particular, when a user does not accurately understand the meaning of the detailed scores, the user can intuitively check the performance evaluation result for the battery he or she uses by checking the battery life score.

[0023] The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned herein will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] The following drawings attached to this specification serve to further understand the technical concept of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention described below, and therefore the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in the drawings.

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram illustrating a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of profiles taken into consideration by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present invention to calculate a SOH score. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of calculating an SOH score according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of profiles taken into consideration by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present invention to calculate an RUL score. [Diagram 5]FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example in which an RUL score is calculated according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another example of a plurality of profiles taken into consideration to calculate an RUL score by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a preset safety class table according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of a battery system according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a lifetime score output provided to a user according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to still another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] 11 is a diagram illustrating a battery management method according to still another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] 11 is a diagram illustrating a battery management method according to still another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The terms and words used in this specification and the claims should not be interpreted in a limited manner to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the technical idea of ​​the present invention, based on the principle that the inventors can appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to best describe their invention.

[0027] Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiment described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical idea of ​​the present invention, and therefore there may be various equivalents and modifications that can replace them at the time of this application.

[0028] In addition, when describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related publicly known configurations or functions may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

[0029] Terms including ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," etc. are used to distinguish one of various components from the rest, and are not used to limit the components by the term.

[0030] Throughout the specification, when a part is said to include certain elements, this means that it may further include other elements, not excluding other elements, unless specifically stated to the contrary.

[0031] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" to another part, this includes not only "directly connected" but also "indirectly connected" through an intervening element.

[0032] Generally, a battery cell means one independent cell that has a negative terminal and a positive terminal and can be physically separated. As an example, a lithium ion battery or a lithium polymer battery can be considered as a battery cell. A battery module can be configured by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series and / or in parallel. A battery pack can be configured by connecting a plurality of battery modules or a plurality of battery cells in series and / or in parallel. The battery described below may be a battery cell, a battery module, or a battery pack.

[0033] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a battery management device 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Referring to FIG. 1, a battery management device 100 may include a data acquisition unit 110 and a control unit 120. The data acquisition unit 110 may be configured to acquire battery information including at least one of the voltage and current of the battery.

[0035] For example, the data acquiring unit 110 may receive battery information from an external source via wired and / or wireless communication, where the battery information may include at least one of a voltage and a current of the battery acquired during charging and discharging of the battery.

[0036] Preferably, in order to minimize loss or duplication of acquired battery information, the data acquiring unit 110 may receive and acquire the battery information periodically. For example, the data acquiring unit 110 may acquire the battery information every 24 hours.

[0037] The control unit 120 may be configured to estimate a state of health (SOH) of the battery based on the battery information. Here, SOH is a performance index that indicates the health state (aging state, deterioration state) of a battery. Generally, SOH is estimated by comparing the BOL (Beginning of life) battery state with the current battery state, and can be expressed as 0 to 1 or 0% to 100%.

[0038] For example, the control unit 120 may determine a current state of the battery with respect to a capacity, an internal resistance, a Coulombic efficiency (CE), a diffusion coefficient, an amount of active material, etc. based on the battery information. The control unit 120 may then compare the determined current state of the battery with an initial state preset for the BOL battery to estimate the SOH of the battery.

[0039] The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a SOH score for the battery based on the SOH and a reference value corresponding to the SOH in a plurality of preset reference profiles.

[0040] Here, the SOH score is a score obtained by evaluating the SOH of the battery, and may be expressed as a score from 0 to 100. Specifically, a maximum SOH and a minimum SOH may be set for the battery based on various experimental data for the battery. Then, a ratio of the current SOH to the maximum SOH and the minimum SOH may be converted into an SOH score and calculated.

[0041] The multiple reference profiles may be configured to include a first reference profile (RP1) indicating a maximum SOH for a battery by unit time (e.g., seconds or nanoseconds), and a second reference profile (RP2) indicating a minimum SOH for a battery by unit time. The first reference profile (RP1) is a SOH profile (P) indicating the highest performance for a battery among various experimental data previously obtained, and the second reference profile (RP2) is a SOH profile (P) indicating the lowest performance for a battery among various experimental data previously obtained. Preferably, charge and discharge experiments are performed under various experimental conditions on a battery of the same type as the current battery, and experimental data for each experimental condition may be previously obtained.

[0042] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of profiles taken into consideration to calculate a SOH score (SCORE_SOH) by the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of how the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) is calculated according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the first reference profile (RP1) may indicate the maximum SOH for the battery by unit time, the second reference profile (RP2) may indicate the minimum SOH for the battery by unit time, the third reference profile (RP3) may indicate the reference SOH for the battery by unit time, and the SOH profile (P) may indicate the SOH by unit time estimated for the current battery.

[0044] The controller 120 may determine a first reference value (SOH_R1) corresponding to the SOH estimated from the first reference profile (RP1) and may determine a second reference value (SOH_R2) corresponding to the SOH estimated from the second reference profile (RP2). The controller 120 may be configured to calculate a SOH score (SCORE_SOH) based on a ratio of the SOH to the first reference value (SOH_R1) and the second reference value (SOH_R2).

[0045] For example, the control unit 120 may normalize the second reference value (SOH_R2) to 0 points and the first reference value (SOH_R1) to 100 points. Then, the control unit 120 may convert the estimated SOH value into one of 0 points to 100 points to calculate the SOH score (SCORE_SOH).

[0046] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first reference value (SOH_R1) may be 96%, and the second reference value (SOH_R2) may be 78%. Then, the current SOH of the battery may be estimated to be 88%. In this case, the SOH reference range (SOH_R) between the first reference value (SOH_R1) and the second reference value (SOH_R2) may be 78% to 96%, and the size of the SOH reference range (SOH_R) may be 18%. Therefore, the control unit 120 may calculate the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) to be 55.6 points.

[0047] That is, the control unit 120 can evaluate the performance of the battery in terms of SOH by calculating the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) of the battery based on the maximum SOH and minimum SOH of the battery according to various experimental data previously acquired.

[0048] The control unit 120 can be configured to predict a number of SOHs of the battery in a target time period (TR). Specifically, the control unit 120 may be configured to predict the SOH for a future time point after the present time point (TC) based on the SOH of the battery estimated up to the present time point (TC). Here, the target period (TR) is a period during which the SOH value for calculating the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) is selected, and may be a preset period. Specific details regarding the target period (TR) will be described later.

[0049] For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 2, the SOH after the present time (TC) for the SOH profile (P) may be a value predicted based on the SOH of the battery estimated from the past to the present. That is, the control unit 120 can predict the future SOH based on the SOH of the battery estimated from the past to the present. Then, the control unit 120 can generate the SOH profile (P) to include the SOH estimated in the past, the SOH estimated at the present time (TC), and the SOH predicted for a future time.

[0050] The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a remaining useful life (RUL) score for the battery based on a plurality of reference values ​​corresponding to a plurality of SOHs in a plurality of reference profiles and the plurality of SOHs. Here, RUL is an index indicating the remaining life of a battery.

[0051] Specifically, the control unit 120 may determine a plurality of SOHs and a plurality of corresponding reference values ​​for each predetermined period within the target period (TR), and may calculate a RUL score (SCORE_RUL) for the battery based on the ratio of the plurality of SOHs to the plurality of reference values.

[0052] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of profiles taken into consideration by the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention to calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL). Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of how the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) is calculated according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of a plurality of profiles taken into consideration by the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention to calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL).

[0053] In the embodiment of Fig. 4, it is assumed that the target period (TR) is from the current time (TC) to the target time (TT). The control unit 120 can determine a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1), a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2), and a plurality of SOHs for each predetermined period within the target period (TR). It is noted that the corresponding first reference value (SOH_R1), second reference value (SOH_R2), and SOH are related to the same time point.

[0054] Specifically, unlike the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) can be calculated by integrating SOH changes in the target period (TR) without being calculated for each time point. The control unit 120 can determine a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) from the first reference profile (RP1) and a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) from the second reference profile (RP2). The control unit 120 can then calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) by scoring the ratio of the plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) and the plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) to the sum of the plurality of SOH in the RUL reference period (RUL_R).

[0055] For example, the control unit 120 may normalize the sum of the multiple first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) to 100 points, and the sum of the multiple second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) to 0 points. Then, the control unit 120 may convert the sum of the multiple SOHs into one of 0 points to 100 points to calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL).

[0056] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, assume that the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) is calculated based on a current time point (TC), a first future time point (TF1), a second future time point (TF2), a third future time point (TF3), and a target time point (TT).

[0057] The five first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) selected from the first reference profile (RP1) may be 96%, 94%, 92%, 90%, and 88%. The five second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) selected from the second reference profile (RP2) may be 78%, 76%, 74%, 72%, and 70%. The five SOH selected from the SOH profile (P) may be 88%, 87%, 86%, 85%, and 84%. The RUL reference section (RUL_R) for the target section may be 370% to 460%, and the size of the RUL reference section (RUL_R) may be 90%. Therefore, the control unit 120 can calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) to be 66.7 points.

[0058] That is, the control unit 120 can evaluate the performance of the battery in terms of RUL by calculating the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) based on a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) and a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) in the target period (TR).

[0059] The control unit 120 may be configured to determine a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) of the battery according to a safety grade of the battery based on the battery information. Here, the safety grade may be an index calculated based on the battery information and indicating the degree of safety of the battery. For example, the control unit 120 may determine the safety grade of the battery based on the voltage and / or current in the battery information.

[0060] Specifically, the control unit 120 may determine a safety grade for the battery based on the similarity between the battery information and a plurality of preset abnormality data. For example, the control unit 120 can calculate the similarity between the battery information and a plurality of abnormal data without checking the abnormal behavior of the battery information. This is because if the battery information does not show abnormal behavior, the similarity to the abnormal data is calculated to be low. Then, the control unit 120 can determine the safety grade of the battery based on the similarity calculated for the plurality of abnormal data.

[0061] As another example, the control unit 120 may calculate the similarity between the battery information and a plurality of preset abnormality data only when abnormal behavior is confirmed from the battery information. This is to prevent unnecessary waste of system resources by calculating the similarity between the battery information and a plurality of abnormality data only when abnormal behavior is confirmed. The control unit 120 may determine a safety grade for the battery based on the calculated similarity between the plurality of abnormality data.

[0062] The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) corresponding to a safety grade based on a preset safety grade table.

[0063] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a preset safety class table according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 7, the safety grades of the battery may be classified into grades A, B, and C. The safety scores (SCORE_SAFETY) may be set to 100 points, 95 points, and 90 points for grades A, B, and C. It should be noted that the safety grade table of Fig. 7 is merely one embodiment, and the number of classified safety grades and the safety scores (SCORE_SAFETY) set for each safety grade may vary.

[0064] The battery management device 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention has an advantage in that it can evaluate the performance of a battery in various aspects by calculating the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) of the battery.

[0065] Moreover, the battery management device 100 provides each performance evaluation result as a normalized score (normalized between 0 and 100 points), which has the advantage that the user can intuitively grasp the current performance of the battery.

[0066] Meanwhile, the control unit 120 included in the battery management device 100 may selectively include a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, data processing devices, etc., known in the art, to execute various control logics performed in the present invention. The control logic includes controlling charging and discharging of the battery, such as individually controlling charging and discharging of each cell based on the determined safety score. In addition, when the control logic is realized by software, the control unit 120 may be realized by a collection of program modules. In this case, the program modules may be stored in a memory and executed by the control unit 120. The memory may be a non-transitory computer-readable medium, may be inside or outside the control unit 120, and may be connected to the control unit 120 by various known means.

[0067] The battery management device 100 may further include a storage unit 130. The storage unit 130 may store data and programs required for each component of the battery management device 100 to operate and function, or data generated in the process of operating and functioning. The storage unit 130 may be of any type as long as it is a known information storage means known to be capable of recording, erasing, updating, and reading data. As an example, the information storage means may include a RAM, a flash memory, a ROM, an EEPROM, a register, and the like. The storage unit 130 may also store program code that defines a process executable by the control unit 120.

[0068] The battery information acquired by the data acquisition unit 110 can be stored in the storage unit 130. The control unit 120 can access the storage unit 130 to acquire the battery information.

[0069] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the control unit 120 calculates the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) will be specifically described. The controller 120 may be configured to determine a SOH reference period (SOH_R) for a first reference value (SOH_R1) and a second reference value (SOH_R2).

[0070] Specifically, the first reference value (SOH_R1) is a SOH value determined from a first reference profile (RP1) indicating the maximum SOH for the battery, and the second reference value (SOH_R2) is a SOH value determined from a second reference profile (RP2) indicating the minimum SOH for the battery. That is, the first reference value (SOH_R1) may always be equal to or greater than the second reference value (SOH_R2). Therefore, the control unit 120 may determine the SOH interval based on the second reference value (SOH_R2) to the first reference value (SOH_R1) as the SOH reference interval (SOH_R). That is, the lower limit of the SOH reference interval (SOH_R) may be the second reference value (SOH_R2), and the upper limit of the SOH reference interval (SOH_R) may be the first reference value (SOH_R1). For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the SOH reference interval (SOH_R) may be the interval from SOH 78% to 96%.

[0071] The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a ratio of the SOH to the SOH reference period (SOH_R) and calculate the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) by converting the calculated ratio into a score. Specifically, the control unit 120 may calculate the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) using the following Equation 1.

[0072] [Formula 1]

number

[0073] Here, SCORE_SOH is the SOH score, SOH_R1 is the first reference value, SOH_R2 is the second reference value, and SOH_P is the estimated SOH value of the battery. 100 is a constant added to express the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) between 0 and 100 points, and can be omitted.

[0074] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the magnitude of the SOH reference interval (SOH_R) is "18%" calculated by the formula "96%-78%". The difference between the estimated SOH (SOH_P) and the second reference value (SOH_R2) is "10%" calculated by the formula "88%-78%". Therefore, the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) is 55.6 calculated by the formula "10%÷18%×100".

[0075] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the control unit 120 calculates the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) will be specifically described. The control unit 120 can determine a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) in the target period (TR) from the first reference profile (RP1) and can determine a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) in the target period (TR) from the second reference profile (RP2). For example, the control unit 120 can determine the first reference value (SOH_R1) and the second reference value (SOH_R2) for each predetermined period within the target period (TR).

[0076] 5, the control unit 120 may determine a first reference value (SOH_R1) and a second reference value (SOH_R2) at a current time point (TC), a first future time point (TF1), a second future time point (TF2), a third future time point (TF3), and a target time point (TT), respectively. The determined first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) are 96%, 94%, 92%, 90%, and 88%, and the determined second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) are 78%, 76%, 74%, 72%, and 70%.

[0077] The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a RUL score (SCORE_RUL) based on a ratio of a plurality of SOHs to a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) and a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2).

[0078] 5, the control unit 120 can estimate the SOH (SOH_P) of the battery at the present time (TC), the first future time (TF1), the second future time (TF2), the third future time (TF3), and the target time (TT), respectively. The estimated SOH (SOH_P) are 88%, 87%, 86%, 85%, and 84%.

[0079] Specifically, the controller 120 may be configured to determine an RUL reference interval (RUL_R) for a sum of a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) and a sum of a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2).

[0080] For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 5, the sum of the multiple first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) is 460%, and the sum of the multiple second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) is 370%. The control unit 120 can determine the SOH interval based on the sum of the multiple second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) - the sum of the multiple first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) as the RUL reference interval (RUL_R). That is, the lower limit of the RUL reference interval (RUL_R) may be the sum of the multiple second reference values ​​(SOH_R2), and the upper limit of the RUL reference interval (RUL_R) may be the sum of the multiple first reference values ​​(SOH_R1).

[0081] The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a ratio of the sum of a plurality of SOHs (SOH_P) to the RUL reference period (RUL_R) and calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) by converting the calculated ratio into a score. Specifically, the control unit 120 may calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) using the following Equation 2.

[0082] [Formula 2]

number

[0083] Here, SCORE_RUL is the RUL score, ΣSOH_R1 is the sum of multiple first reference values, ΣSOH_R2 is the sum of multiple second reference values, and ΣSOH_P is the sum of multiple SOH. 100 is a constant added to express the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) between 0 and 100 points, and can be omitted.

[0084] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the magnitude of the RUL reference interval (RUL_R) is "90%" calculated by the formula "460%-370%". The difference between the sum of the multiple SOH (SOH_P) and the sum of the multiple second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) is "60%" calculated by the formula "430%-370%". Therefore, the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) is 66.7 calculated by the formula "60%÷90%×100".

[0085] That is, the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) is calculated based on a first reference value (SOH_R1), a second reference value (SOH_R2), and an estimated SOH (SOH_P) for one time point, while the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) is calculated based on a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1), a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2), and a plurality of SOH (SOH_P) determined from a target period (TR). Therefore, the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) and the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) can be evaluated as performance indexes for a battery.

[0086] On the other hand, the target period (TR) considered when calculating the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) may be a period set in advance. Preferably, the target period (TR) may be a period from the current time (TC) to a future target time (TT).

[0087] For example, the target period (TR) can be set to a period from the current time (TC) at which the SOH is estimated to the expiration time of a warranty period preset for the battery.

[0088] Generally, since a battery deteriorates the more it is used, a battery manufacturer sets a warranty period to guarantee the performance of the battery. For example, the warranty period of a battery can be set to 5 years or 10 years. The control unit 120 can check the warranty period set for the battery and set the period from the current time to the expiration time of the warranty period as the target period (TR).

[0089] For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 4, the target time (TT), which is the expiration time of the warranty period, may be TT. Therefore, the control unit 120 can set the target period (TR) from the current time (TC) to the target time (TT). Then, the control unit 120 can calculate the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) based on the first reference values ​​(SOH_R1), the second reference values ​​(SOH_R2), and the SOH in the target period (TR). As another example, the target period (TR) may be set to correspond to a preset threshold value (TH).

[0090] The multiple reference profiles can be configured to include a third reference profile (RP3) indicative of an average SOH by unit time for the battery. The controller 120 may be configured to determine a target time point (TT) corresponding to a preset threshold value (TH) from the third reference profile (RP3).

[0091] Here, the third reference profile (RP3) may be a SOH profile (P) indicating the SOH of a reference battery. That is, the third reference profile (RP3) may mean a SOH profile that is indicated when a battery is operated under recommended conditions. For example, the third reference profile (RP3) may be a SOH profile that is indicated when a reference battery included in an electric vehicle is operated under recommended conditions.

[0092] The controller 120 may determine a target time point (TT) corresponding to a preset threshold value (TH) from the third reference profile (RP3). For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the target time point (TT) corresponding to the preset threshold value (TH) may be TT.

[0093] For example, the threshold (TH) may be a guaranteed SOH preset for the battery. The guaranteed SOH is a lower limit SOH value set to allow for battery maintenance, and can be set by the battery manufacturer in the same way as the warranty period.

[0094] As another example, the threshold (TH) may be a SOH value corresponding to a predetermined ratio from the current SOH. Here, the predetermined ratio may be any one of more than 0% and less than 100%. For example, the threshold (TH) may be a SOH value corresponding to 80% of the currently estimated SOH.

[0095] Finally, the control unit 120 may be configured to set the period from the current time point (TC) at which the SOH is estimated to the target time point (TT) as the target period (TR).

[0096] For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 6, the control unit 120 may set a period from a current time point (TC) to a target time point (TT) as a target period (TR). Then, the control unit 120 may calculate an RUL score (SCORE_RUL) based on a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1), a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2), and a plurality of SOHs in the target period (TR).

[0097] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the control unit 120 calculates the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) will be specifically described. For convenience of explanation, however, an embodiment in which the control unit 120 calculates the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) based on a voltage will be described.

[0098] The control unit 120 can be configured to determine abnormal behavior for the battery information. Specifically, the control unit 120 can determine whether or not abnormal behavior has occurred based on the voltage profile of the battery. Here, the voltage profile is a profile showing the voltage distribution of the battery over time. Furthermore, abnormal behavior means that the voltage of the battery is outside the normal range at one or more points in time.

[0099] The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a similarity between the determined abnormal behavior and a pre-defined abnormal profile. Here, the abnormal profile may be a plurality of experimental data previously obtained by experiments, and may be a profile in which abnormal behavior occurs from a voltage profile. The control unit 120 can calculate the similarity between the abnormal behavior determined for the battery and the plurality of abnormal profiles. A conventional similarity determination algorithm can be applied as an algorithm for measuring the similarity between two profiles (the battery voltage profile and the abnormal profile).

[0100] The control unit 120 may be configured to determine a safety rating based on the calculated similarity. For example, a safety grade may be determined in advance for each of the plurality of abnormal profiles. Therefore, the control unit 120 can determine a safety grade for the battery based on the degree of similarity between the abnormal behavior of the voltage profile and each of the plurality of abnormal profiles.

[0101] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the safety grade can be determined as an A grade, a B grade, or a C grade. The control unit 120 may be configured to calculate a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) corresponding to the safety grade based on a preset safety grade table.

[0102] In the safety class table, a safety class and a corresponding safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) may be mapped and stored. Therefore, the control unit 120 may calculate a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) corresponding to a determined safety class by taking the safety class table into consideration.

[0103] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) can be set to 100 points, 95 points, and 90 points for grades A, B, and C.

[0104] An embodiment in which the control unit 120 checks for abnormal battery behavior will be described below. The control unit 120 can determine an observation matrix that indicates a voltage profile according to time.

[0105] The control unit 120 may then apply matrix decomposition to the observation matrix to extract a first sub-matrix, a second sub-matrix, and a third sub-matrix.

[0106] Here, the control unit 120 can apply matrix decomposition to the observation matrix using an algorithm such as singular value decomposition (SVD) or principal component analysis (PCA).

[0107] Through matrix decomposition, the observation matrix can be decomposed into a first sub-matrix, a second sub-matrix, and a third sub-matrix. The first sub-matrix may be an m×m matrix, the second sub-matrix may be an m×n matrix, and the third sub-matrix may be an n×n matrix. Here, the product of the first sub-matrix, the second sub-matrix, and the third sub-matrix is ​​equal to the observation matrix. In addition, n means the number of batteries, and m means the number of measured voltages. That is, the m×n matrix means that the voltages of n batteries are measured m times. Since matrix decomposition is a widely used technique, a specific theoretical explanation of matrix decomposition will be omitted.

[0108] The first sub-matrix includes a plurality of principal component vectors, which are orthogonal matrices and indicate variance information of the observation matrix. Each of the plurality of principal component vectors can be called a left singular vector. Each of the principal component vectors includes m elements and may be a column vector of the first sub-matrix.

[0109] The second submatrix may be a diagonal matrix in which all elements except for n elements on the main diagonal may be zero. The third sub-matrix includes a plurality of coefficient vectors indicating dependency information for the plurality of principal component vectors as an orthogonal matrix, each of which may be referred to as a right singular vector.

[0110] The control unit 120 may determine principal component vectors including ineffective coefficients among a plurality of principal component vectors included in the third submatrix. For example, the control unit 120 may calculate an average between a plurality of coefficients for each principal component vector. Then, the control unit 120 may determine principal component vectors including coefficients (corresponding to ineffective coefficients) that differ from the calculated average by a first reference value or more.

[0111] Then, the control unit 120 can determine a partial voltage vector corresponding to the determined principal component vector from the observation matrix. Here, the partial voltage vector may be an m×1 matrix. If the difference between the maximum partial voltage and the minimum partial voltage of the partial voltage vector is equal to or greater than a second reference value set in advance, the control unit 120 can determine that an abnormal behavior has occurred in the battery corresponding to the partial voltage vector.

[0112] Finally, the control unit 120 may determine a similarity between a voltage profile of a battery in which abnormal behavior has occurred and a plurality of preset abnormality profiles, and may determine a safety grade for the battery according to the determination result. The control unit 120 may then calculate a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) for the battery based on the determined safety grade.

[0113] The control unit 120 may be configured to determine a battery life score by adding and adding together weights that are preset to correspond to the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), the RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY), respectively.

[0114] Here, the life score may be a score evaluated by the control unit 120 by integrating the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), the RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY). Specifically, the control unit 120 may determine the life score of the battery using the following Equation 3.

[0115] [Formula 3]

number

[0116] Here, SCORE_LIFE is the battery life score, SCORE_SOH is the SOH score, SCORE_RUL is the RUL score, and SCORE_SAFETY is the safety score, a is the first weighting value added to the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), b is the second weighting value added to the RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and c is the third weighting value added to the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY).

[0117] For example, the sum of a, b, and c may be 1. That is, the battery life score (SCORE_LIFE) may be calculated as the sum of a first score corresponding to the a ratio in the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), a second score corresponding to the b ratio in the RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and a third score corresponding to the c ratio in the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY).

[0118] The battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has an advantage that it can provide detailed scores such as a SOH score (SCORE_SOH), a RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) for a battery, as well as a battery life score (SCORE_LIFE) calculated by combining the detailed scores. Thus, a user can check the detailed scores for the battery management device 100 and can also check the battery life score (SCORE_LIFE), which is a combined score. In particular, when a user does not accurately recognize the meaning of the detailed scores, the user can intuitively check the performance evaluation result for the battery he or she uses by checking the battery life score (SCORE_LIFE).

[0119] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a battery system 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention. A battery system 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention can include a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0120] Referring to FIG. 8, the battery system 1 may include a battery management device 100, a BMS 200, and a user terminal 300. The battery management apparatus 100 and the BMS 200 may be communicatively connected to each other via a wired and / or wireless network, and the battery management apparatus 100 and the user terminal 300 may be communicatively connected to each other via a wireless network.

[0121] For example, the BMS 200 can be provided in an electric vehicle of a user. The BMS 200 can measure battery information such as the voltage and current of a battery pack provided in the electric vehicle, and transmit the measured battery information to the battery management device 100. Specifically, the BMS 200 can transmit the battery information to the data acquisition unit 110 of the battery management device 100.

[0122] The battery management device 100 can store the battery information received from the BMS 200. Then, when a request message for a battery life score is received from the user terminal 300, the battery management device 100 can calculate a battery life score based on the stored battery information and transmit a response message for the calculated battery life score to the user terminal 300.

[0123] For example, the battery management device 100 can be included in a server device, such as a cloud server, to which the BMS 200 and the user terminal 300 can all be connected. The battery management device 100 can provide battery life scores for multiple users and can also provide statistical information on the battery life scores for multiple users.

[0124] The user terminal 300 may transmit a request message for a battery life score to the battery management device 100 and receive a response message corresponding to the request message. The battery life score according to the response message may be output via a display unit of the user terminal 300.

[0125] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a life score output provided to a user according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 9, it is assumed that the battery life score is determined to be 73 points. The battery life score (SCORE_LIFE) can be output from the user terminal 300. Also, statistical information can be provided that the battery life score (SCORE_LIFE) of the corresponding user is in the bottom 45% of the battery life scores for multiple users.

[0126] The user can request scores for detailed items such as SOH score (SCORE_SOH), RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and safety score (SCORE_SAFETY), and can also request the battery life score (SCORE_LIFE) which corresponds to the total score. The user can also compare the battery life scores of multiple users with his / her own battery life score.

[0127] Furthermore, the battery management device 100 can transmit guide information corresponding to the battery's life score, SOH score (SCORE_SOH), RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) to the user terminal 300. That is, the user can receive appropriate guide information capable of improving the battery's life from the battery management device 100.

[0128] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of a battery pack 2 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. A battery pack 2 according to still another embodiment of the present invention may include the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 2 may further include electrical components (such as a relay and a fuse) and a case.

[0129] The positive terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack 2 , and the negative terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the negative terminal (P−) of the battery pack 2 .

[0130] The BMS 200 may be connected to the first sensing line (SL1), the second sensing line (SL2), and the third sensing line (SL3). Specifically, the BMS 200 may include a measurement module capable of periodically measuring the voltage and current of the battery 10.

[0131] The BMS 200 may be connected to the positive terminal of the battery 10 via a first sensing line (SL1) and to the negative terminal of the battery 10 via a second sensing line (SL2). The BMS 200 may measure the voltage of the battery 10 based on the voltages measured on the first sensing line (SL1) and the second sensing line (SL2), respectively.

[0132] The BMS 200 may be connected to a current measurement unit (A) via a third sensing line (SL3). For example, the current measurement unit (A) may be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and discharging current of the battery 10. The BMS 200 may measure the charging current of the battery 10 via the third sensing line (SL3) to calculate the charging amount. The BMS 200 may measure the discharging current of the battery 10 via the third sensing line (SL3) to calculate the discharging amount.

[0133] Also, although not shown in FIG. 10, the BMS 200 can be configured to further measure the temperature of the battery 10. The BMS 200 can transmit the measured battery information to the battery management unit 100. Specifically, the BMS 200 can transmit the measured battery information to the data acquisition unit 110 of the battery management unit 100.

[0134] Although the battery management device 100 and the BMS 200 have been described as separate components, the battery management device 100 may be included as a component of the BMS 200 depending on the embodiment. That is, the battery management device 100 according to the present invention can be applied to the BMS 200 (Battery Management System). That is, the BMS 200 according to the present invention can include the above-mentioned battery management device 100. In this configuration, at least a part of the components of the battery management device 100 can be realized by complementing or adding functions of the components included in the conventional BMS 200. For example, the data acquisition unit 110, the control unit 120, and the storage unit 130 of the battery management device 100 can be realized as components of the BMS 200.

[0135] 11 and 12 are diagrams illustrating a battery management method according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, each step of the battery management method may be performed by the battery management device 100. Hereinafter, the contents that overlap with the above contents will be omitted or will be briefly described.

[0136] Referring to FIG. 11, the battery management method may include a step of acquiring battery information (S100), a step of calculating an SOH score (S200), a step of calculating an RUL score (S300), and a step of calculating a safety score (S400).

[0137] 11 shows an embodiment in which the SOH score calculation step (S200), the RUL score calculation step (S300), and the safety score calculation step (S400) are performed sequentially, but the SOH score calculation step (S200), the RUL score calculation step (S300), and the safety score calculation step (S400) are independent steps. Therefore, it should be noted that the execution order of the SOH score calculation step (S200), the RUL score calculation step (S300), and the safety score calculation step (S400) is not limited by the embodiment of FIG.

[0138] The battery information acquisition step (S100) is a step of acquiring battery information including at least one of the voltage and current of the battery, and can be performed by the data acquisition unit 110.

[0139] The SOH score calculation step (S200) is a step of estimating the SOH of the battery based on the battery information, and calculating the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) for the battery based on the SOH and reference values ​​corresponding to the SOH in multiple preset reference profiles, and can be performed by the control unit 120.

[0140] The control unit 120 can estimate the SOH (SOH_P) of the battery based on the battery information. Then, the control unit 120 can determine a first reference value (SOH_R1) from the first reference profile (RP1) and a second reference value (SOH_R2) from the second reference profile (RP2) based on the estimated SOH (SOH_P). Finally, the control unit 120 can calculate the SOH score (SCORE_SOH) by scoring the ratio of the estimated SOH (SOH_P) to the SOH reference section (SOH_R) based on the first reference value (SOH_R1) and the second reference value (SOH_R2).

[0141] The RUL score calculation step (S300) is a step of predicting multiple SOHs of the battery in the target period (TR) and calculating the RUL score (SCORE_RUL) for the battery based on multiple reference values ​​corresponding to multiple SOHs in multiple reference profiles and multiple SOHs, and can be performed by the control unit 120.

[0142] The control unit 120 can select a plurality of SOHs (SOH_P) from the SOH profile (P) during the target period (TR). The control unit 120 can also determine a plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) from the first reference profile (RP1) and a plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2) from the second reference profile (RP2) based on the selected plurality of SOHs (SOH_P). Finally, the control unit 120 can calculate an RUL score (SCORE_RUL) by scoring a ratio to the sum of a plurality of SOHs in an RUL reference period (RUL_R) based on the plurality of first reference values ​​(SOH_R1) and the plurality of second reference values ​​(SOH_R2).

[0143] The step of calculating a safety score (S400) is a step of calculating a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) of the battery according to a safety grade of the battery based on the battery information, and can be performed by the control unit 120.

[0144] The control unit 120 may determine a safety grade for the battery based on the similarity between the battery information and a plurality of preset abnormality data, and may calculate a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) for the determined safety grade based on the safety grade table.

[0145] The battery management method has an advantage in that it can evaluate various aspects of the performance of a battery by calculating a SOH score (SCORE_SOH), a RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and a safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) based on battery information.

[0146] Referring to FIG. 12, the battery management method may further include a step of determining a life score of the battery (S500). The step of determining the battery life score (S500) is a step of determining the battery life score by adding and adding weights preset to correspond to each of the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and safety score (SCORE_SAFETY), and can be performed by the control unit 120.

[0147] The control unit 120 may add a first weight to the SOH score (SCORE_SOH), a second weight to the RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and a third weight to the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY).The control unit 120 may then sum up the weighted SOH score (SCORE_SOH), the RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and the safety score (SCORE_SAFETY) to determine the battery life score (SCORE_LIFE).

[0148] The battery management method can calculate scores for detailed items such as SOH score (SCORE_SOH), RUL score (SCORE_RUL), and safety score (SCORE_SAFETY), as well as determine a battery life score (SCORE_LIFE) that is a combination of these scores. Therefore, a user can objectively check the current condition of his or her own battery by checking the battery life score (SCORE_LIFE), which is a comprehensive index.

[0149] The embodiments of the present invention described above may be realized not only through an apparatus and a method, but also through a program that realizes functions corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded. Such realization can be easily achieved by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention pertains from the description of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0150] Although the present invention has been described above using limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that various modifications and variations can be made by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains within the technical spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims described below.

[0151] Furthermore, the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, as various substitutions, modifications, and changes can be made by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Instead, the present invention may be configured by selectively combining all or part of each embodiment to effect various modifications.

Claims

1. a data acquisition unit that acquires battery information including at least one of a voltage and a current of the battery; a control unit that estimates a SOH of the battery based on the battery information, calculates a SOH score for the battery based on a reference value corresponding to the SOH in a plurality of reference profiles and the SOH, predicts a plurality of SOHs of the battery in a target period, calculates a RUL score for the battery based on a plurality of reference values ​​corresponding to the plurality of SOHs in the plurality of reference profiles and the plurality of SOHs, and determines a safety score for the battery according to a safety grade of the battery based on the battery information; A battery management device comprising:

2. The plurality of reference profiles include The battery management device according to claim 1 , further comprising: a first reference profile indicating a maximum SOH per unit time for the battery; and a second reference profile indicating a minimum SOH per unit time for the battery.

3. The control unit is 3. The battery management device of claim 2, further comprising: a first reference value corresponding to the SOH determined from the first reference profile; a second reference value corresponding to the SOH determined from the second reference profile; and a SOH score calculated based on a ratio of the SOH to the first reference value and the second reference value.

4. The control unit is 4. The battery management device of claim 3, further comprising: a SOH reference interval for the first reference value and the second reference value; a ratio of the SOH to the SOH reference interval; and a score for the calculated ratio to calculate the SOH score.

5. The control unit is 3. The battery management device of claim 2, further comprising: determining a plurality of first reference values ​​in the target period from the first reference profile; determining a plurality of second reference values ​​in the target period from the second reference profile; and calculating the RUL score based on a ratio of the plurality of SOHs to the plurality of first reference values ​​and the plurality of second reference values.

6. The control unit is 6. The battery management device of claim 5, further comprising: a RUL reference interval for the sum of the plurality of first reference values ​​and the sum of the plurality of second reference values; a ratio of the sum of the plurality of SOHs to the RUL reference interval; and a score for the calculated ratio to calculate the RUL score.

7. The plurality of reference profiles include a third reference profile indicative of an average SOH by unit time for the battery; The control unit is 3. The battery management device according to claim 2, further comprising: determining a target time point corresponding to a preset threshold from the third reference profile; and setting the target period to a period from a current time point at which the SOH is estimated to the target time point.

8. The target period is: The battery management device according to claim 1 , wherein the SOH is set to a period from a current time point when the SOH is estimated to a time point when a warranty period preset for the battery expires.

9. The control unit is The battery management device according to claim 1 , wherein the safety score corresponding to the safety grade is calculated based on a preset safety grade table.

10. The control unit is The battery management device according to claim 9 , further comprising: determining an abnormal behavior for the battery information; calculating a similarity between the determined abnormal behavior and a preset abnormal profile; and determining the safety grade based on the calculated similarity.

11. The control unit is The battery management device of claim 1 , further comprising: a weighting factor that is preset to correspond to each of the SOH score, the RUL score, and the safety score, and is added to determine the life score of the battery.

12. A battery system comprising the battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A battery pack comprising the battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

14. acquiring battery information including at least one of a voltage and a current of the battery; a SOH score calculation step of estimating a SOH of the battery based on the battery information, and calculating a SOH score for the battery based on a reference value corresponding to the SOH in a plurality of preset reference profiles and the SOH; a RUL score calculation step of predicting a plurality of SOHs of the battery in a target period and calculating an RUL score for the battery based on a plurality of reference values ​​corresponding to the plurality of SOHs in the plurality of reference profiles and the plurality of SOHs; a safety score calculation step of calculating a safety score of the battery according to a safety grade of the battery based on the battery information; A battery management method comprising:

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