Variable Orbit Non-Circular Drive System

Abstract

Variable Orbit Non-Circular Drive System The present invention is a variable orbit non-circular drive (propulsion) system (100) developed for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems, comprising a motion axis (101) whose geometric shape can be adjusted and which is non-circular instead of a circular path to ensure optimal efficiency, and an adjustment mechanism (107) for adjusting the geometric path of the motion axis (101). A variable orbit non-circular drive (propulsion) system (100) is characterized by this.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a variable orbit non-circular drive (propulsion) system for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems.

[0002] Prior Art Conventional propellers, i.e., screw propellers, are blade (K) profiles formed by connecting blades / blades of a specific number and shape to a central hub connected to the engine crankshaft. The function of the propeller is to take the output power of the engine and provide a force to pull or push the fluid, enabling the attached vehicle to hold and move forward in the relevant fluid. The drawback of conventional propellers compared to circular systems is that they are less efficient because each point along the blade (K) span shown in FIG. 7 rotates at a different speed when moving in a circular horizontal system. Each point is optimized separately, but tip and regional losses occur for both blades (K). As the angular rotation speed of each point on the blade increases as we approach the tip of the blade (K), efficiency losses occur. To prevent this, attempts have been made to reduce efficiency losses by generating a blade (K) shape appropriate for the position-based speed. The circular propeller (cyclorotor) (D) is a drive system structure that converts shaft power into fluid acceleration by rotating on a circular axis using an axis that rotates perpendicular to the direction of fluid motion. It uses a blade (D1) or a plurality of blades (D1) having a spreading axis that is parallel to the axis of rotation and perpendicular to the direction of fluid motion, as shown in FIG. 8. The circular propeller (cyclorotor) (D) generates thrust by rotating the fixed points of the peripheral blades at the center and continuously varying the angle of attack (D2) of the blades in one complete rotation. In other words, the blades (D1) are operated using a positive pitch (outward from the center of the rotor) in the upper half of their rotation and a negative pitch (inward toward the axis of rotation) in the lower half, resulting in a net upward aerodynamic force and a downward airflow (D3) movement in the opposite direction. The thrust generated by the circular motion and the deformation of the angle of attack (D2) of the blades (D1) generate a higher thrust at a lower speed than conventional propellers. In the typical circular propeller (D) structure shown in FIG. 9, the blade (K) angle of attack (D2) of the blades (D1) integrated into the circular orbit is different at each position.

[0003] Existing systems used in the prior art manipulate the direction of flow (tiltable drive system) by moving the entire drive (propulsion) system to direct the flow. An additional flow steering mechanism can be added at the outlet (rudder, control surface, etc.). In multiple drive (propulsion) systems, each system can be used individually or as a group (drone, quadcopter, etc.). The methods used in these systems result in a certain amount of efficiency loss (gyroscopic rotational resistance, drag increase, lift loss, etc.) depending on the work performed. In existing systems, the flow performance cannot be optimized according to instantaneous requirements. Existing systems are designed and manufactured according to the places where they work and the work they are scheduled to perform during their service life. Only the speed and direction of movement can be changed as required. This leads to a certain loss in the instantaneous performance - efficiency balance. The operating principle of a circular propeller (cyclorotor) (D) requires that the angle of attack (D2) of the blade (D1) changes continuously over the entire complete cycle. The ideal angle of attack (D2) of the blade (D1) cannot be fully optimized according to their positions in circular motion, which results in a loss of efficiency. In addition, all types of propellers in circular motion generate gyroscopic rotational resistance due to their structure.

[0004] To overcome the problems experienced in existing systems, many studies have been carried out and new blade structures have been developed. One of these studies is the present invention which is the subject of a utility model registration application entitled "An Innovation in Vertical Wind Turbine Blade Structure" with application number TR2020 / 06876. The present invention is an innovation in vertical axis wind turbine blades and features a vertical turbine shaft, at least one propeller located on this shaft, and at least one blade of conical or cylindrical type fixed to the propeller and the upper shaft hub.

[0005] Another study is the present invention which is the subject of a utility model registration application entitled "New Wind Turbine Models with Horizontal and Vertical Axes that can take the wind to the Rotor Axis in Different Ways" with application number TR2020 / 00664. The aim of this invention relates to new wind turbine models with different horizontal and vertical axes; having double propeller blade groups, having a large blade with a horizontal axis without a tail end, and having a vertical axis.

[0006] As a result, there is a need for a non-circular drive (propulsion) system with a variable orbit that eliminates the drawbacks of the existing technology and the inadequacies of the existing solutions, which requires development in the related technical field.

Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention relates to a non-circular drive (propulsion) system with a variable orbit, which meets the above requirements, eliminates all drawbacks and brings several additional advantages, and is developed for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and motion and drive systems in fluids.

[0008] Based on the prior art, the object of the present invention is to develop a new drive (propulsion) system by moving the vertical propeller concept on a non-circular motion axis with a variable orbit.

[0009] The object of the present invention is to minimize the gyroscopic rotational resistance of all types of propellers in circular motion using a non-circular structure with a variable orbit. In addition, the working principle of the circular vertical drive system eliminates the need to continuously change the blade angle of attack during a complete cycle (Figure 9), and eliminates the problem of efficiency loss caused by the inability to fully optimize the ideal blade angle of attack according to their positions in circular motion.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to ensure that the ideal angle of attack of the track follows the non-circular axis in a non-circular drive system with a variable orbit so that the ideal angle of attack can be obtained and optimized along the entire path.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is that, in contrast to a circular vertical propeller (cyclorotor), the ideal angle of attack is maintained along a non-circular motion axis with a variable orbit, and the loss of efficiency is minimized.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is that the suction axis and thrust axis of the working generating blade are positioned at an optimal position with respect to the motion axis (which can be fully rotated if necessary, but without a complete rotation of the drive system), so that as a result, steering is performed with maximum efficiency and minimum loss.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to enable the center of the operation of the work generated in the drive system to be changed in any plane, and to determine the most appropriate size and position according to current needs, and to enable the system to take the desired shape according to this configuration, thanks to the three-dimensional variable motion orbit.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to enable the direction of force to change without the need to change the direction of the fluid and the drive system by changing the shape of the non-circular motion axis of each variable orbit independently or together.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of the system using a movable surface that can be located on the blade and to be able to change the angle of attack of the blade passing through each axis.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to enable the angle of attack to be independently optimized at each motion axis thanks to the structure of the developed non-circular drive system with variable orbits.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to minimize the rotational resistance loss of the gyroscope by positioning the suction axis and the thrust axis of the working generating blade relative to the motion axis.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to enable the drive system to perform the desired work with high efficiency by adjusting the working surface on each axis as a suction or thrust surface as needed.

[0019] The features of the structure and characteristics of the present invention, and all advantages, are more clearly understood using the following figures and the detailed description written with reference to these figures. Therefore, the evaluation should be made considering these figures and the detailed description.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] For a further understanding of the structure of the present invention and its advantages with additional elements, it should be evaluated together with the figures described below.

Figure 1

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Figure 9

Description of Reference Numerals

[0021] 100. Non-circular drive system with variable orbit 101. Motion axis 102. Drive unit 103. Blade 104. Blade positioning guide 105. Moving surface 106. Speed and direction control unit 107. Adjustment mechanism 108. Blade position and / or width adjustment mechanism 109. Support surface 110. Support surface control mechanism 111. Flow manipulator K: Conventional propeller blade of the prior art D: Conventional circular propeller of the prior art D1: Blade of the circular propeller in the prior art D2: Angle of attack mechanism of the circular propeller in the prior art D3: Air flow in the circular propeller in the prior art

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] In this detailed description, a variable orbit non-circular drive (propulsion) system (100) developed for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and motion and drive systems in fluids, which are the subject of the present invention, is described only as an example for further understanding of the subject matter, without any limiting effect.

[0023] A new unique variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) has been developed, where blades (103) having different profile structures, being symmetric or asymmetric, having various attack angles, various sizes, various geometric structures, various numbers, and being positionable at different unit distances and different positions follow the axis of motion (101) to generate a conveying force. The inventive variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) shown in FIG. 1 includes: an adjustment mechanism (107) shown in FIG. 2 that forms a geometric path adjustable according to requirements on the axis of motion (101); blades (103) that move in this axis of motion (101), blade position, and / or width adjustment mechanism (108) and perform defined operations; and the position of a track (103) having a suction thrust direction track positioning guide (104) on the non-circular axis of motion (101) shown in FIG. 4, which includes a speed, blade width, attack angle, and moving surface (105), and in the case of including a moving surface (105), includes a speed and direction control unit (106) on the moving surface (105). The drive (propulsion) unit (102) includes a speed-adjustable blade (103) or a plurality of blades (103), which transmits energy to the blade (103) or the plurality of blades (103) to perform defined operations along the axis of motion (101) in the geometric path according to requirements. The fact that the functional surfaces on each axis can be adjusted as suction or thrust surfaces according to requirements enables the variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) to perform desired operations with high efficiency.

[0024] In the inventive variable orbit non-circular drive system (100), the positioning of the suction axis and the thrust axis of the working generation blade (103) with respect to the movement axis (101) minimizes the rotational resistance loss of the gyroscope. In the inventive variable orbit non-circular drive system (100), (although the drive unit (102) can rotate completely as required, without rotating the drive unit (102)), the optimal positioning of the suction axis and the thrust axis of the working generation blade (103) related to the movement axis (101) enables the realization of steering with maximum efficiency and minimum loss. The ability to vary the movement orbit in three dimensions enables the center of the operation of the work generated in the drive unit (102) to be changed in any plane. Since the dimensions of the aforementioned variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) can be changed in three dimensions, the most appropriate size can be determined according to current requirements, and the system (100) can take the desired shape according to this configuration. In addition, the movable surface (105) that can be located on the blade (103) of the variable orbit non-circular drive system (100), and the ability to change the attack angle of the blade (103) passing through each movement axis (101) also contribute to the improvement of efficiency. The shape of the movement axis (101) can also be changed independently. By changing these axes together, the direction of the force can be changed without the need to change the direction of the fluid and the drive unit (102). The above variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) includes a main body to which the blade (103) moving on the movement axis (101) is connected, and a blade (103) position and / or width adjustment mechanism (108) for adjusting the suction-pushing position and the total blade width of the three-dimensional axis of the blade (103). In the aforementioned variable orbit non-circular drive system (100), the flow control unit and / or the support surface (109) that can perform a defined operation, have a moving surface thereon, and can be located at its optimal position on or off the orbit is positioned at the optimal position in the three-dimensional plane using the support surface control mechanism (110). Figure 3a shows the off-orbit support surface (109).

[0025] In the aforementioned variable orbit non-circular drive system (100), since the ideal angle of attack of the blade (103) follows the non-circular axis, the ideal angle of attack with optimal efficiency is maintained throughout the path, and unlike a circular propeller (cyclo-rotor), there is no loss of efficiency. In addition to these benefits, the concept of variable orbit non-circular drive (propulsion) can be further improved, optionally together with the concept of boundary layer control. In this regard, the efficiency of the drive unit (102) can be further increased using independent moving surfaces (105) that can be positioned at appropriate positions along the entire blade axis (span) of the blade (103). The moving surface (105) shown in Figure 5 can move at a variable speed according to the general rotational speed of the blade (103). This movement is achieved in the moving surface (105) by the speed and direction control unit (106) shown in Figure 6. This mechanism also adjusts the speed and direction of rotation of the moving surface. The angle of loss of grip (stall) is also delayed due to the inclusion of the moving surface (105). Finally, the improved aerodynamic efficiency of the blade (103) is generated by positioning them in various combinations.

[0026] The moving surface (105) positioned at the appropriate position of the mentioned blade (103) has an important function in controlling the boundary layer and improving the overall aerodynamic and hydrodynamic fluid parameters. Only the blade (103) with a fixed surface starts operating when starting to move at an appropriate angle, while the blade (103) with the moving surface (105) operates at a much lower speed with higher efficiency over a wider range of blade (103) angle of attack. This can be explained by the Magnus effect, which shows that a surface moving at a given speed always exerts an upward force in the moving surface (105) at a right angle to the axis of motion (101). This helps to reduce the generated friction and increase the throughput of the work generated in the blade (103).

[0027] The support surface (109) shown in FIG. 3a (the support surface (109) shown in FIG. 3a is outside the orbit) can be positioned at the optimal position of the non-circular drive system (100) of the variable orbit and can accommodate the moving surface (105) that performs flow control and / or defined operations. These surfaces support the defined operations by taking the most appropriate position according to the direction of fluid movement using a support surface control mechanism (110) on the orbit (when the support surface (109) is on the orbit) or off the orbit (when the support surface (109) is not on the orbit).

[0028] The off-orbit support surface control mechanism (110) ensures that one or more off-orbit support surfaces (109) are positioned at optimal dimensions and positions for both flow control and performing defined operations. Similarly, the on-orbit support surface control mechanism (110) ensures that one or more on-orbit support surfaces (109) are positioned at optimal dimensions and positions for both the planned flow control and the defined operations to be performed (FIG. 3b).

[0029] Unlike conventional propellers (screw propellers) (K), both the non-circular drive system (100) of the variable orbit and the circular system operate at a constant speed across the entire blade span. This enables them to operate with the highest efficiency along all points of the blade span. Research on circular propellers (D) has shown that they can be much more efficient in terms of thrust than conventional propeller systems.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the non-circular drive system (100) of the variable orbit may include a single axis of motion (101) or a plurality of axes of motion (101).

[0031] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, an induced drag reducer is added at an appropriate location on the blade (103) to increase the efficiency of the blade (103) in necessary cases. In addition, the drag reducer is also used on all other surfaces in contact with the fluid in the inventive variable orbit drive (propulsion) system.

[0032] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the non-circular drive system (100) with variable orbit can operate in an open state, or the speeds of the fluid inlet and outlet can be changed, and walls of appropriate shape are added to improve efficiency.

[0033] According to the present invention, in the non-circular drive system (100) with variable orbit, the inlet and outlet directions of the fluid flowing through the system can be independently changed. If necessary, in order to obtain an optimal result according to the desired operation on three different axes of the system, by changing the movement orbit of the system along one or more axes, a difference in regional axial force can be generated. This results in a difference in regional axial force again. Thus, depending on the location where the non-circular drive system (100) with variable orbit is to be used, the fluid inlet and outlet directions can be changed separately without the need for any control surface or rudder. For example, when the non-circular drive system (100) with variable orbit is used in an aircraft, the vehicle can be steered without the use of flight control surfaces or rudders (although control surfaces and rudders can be used if required). The same principle applies to surface or underwater vehicles. The maneuver can be performed by the internal dynamics of the non-circular drive system (100) with variable orbit without the need for additional direction and steering rudder systems, their associated additional weights, manufacturing and design costs, thus avoiding processing losses. The principle is basically based on the localized force difference of the fluid flowing through the non-circular drive system (100) with variable orbit generated by the optimal orbit generated in three dimensions as required within the system.

[0034] Due to its changeable orbit, the inventive non-circular drive system (100) with variable orbit is structurally subject to instantaneous volume changes during operation. In addition, when not in use, its volume can be further reduced for space optimization or other reasons.

[0035] In an inventive variable orbit non-circular drive system (100), the fluid contact surface of the operating surface (blade (103)) is further expanded in three dimensions to increase the contact surface with the fluid if desired. In addition, the forces of suction and thrust are increased. As a result, this leads to an improvement in energy efficiency.

[0036] The blade (103) can be used on the on-orbit support surface (109) and the off-orbit support surface (109), as well as on all surfaces in contact with the fluid. In another embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the moving surface that we have implemented within the concept of boundary layer control to improve fluid performance, the following have been added (Figures 3c, 3d) to enable this use of the blade (103) to perform a defined operation. - Capable of influencing fluid movement ○ At least one surface accelerator, and ○ At least one flow manipulator (111)

[0037] The surface accelerator mentioned can be produced from the following materials. - Materials that change the ionization of the surface in contact with the fluid - Materials that change the fluid resistance (dielectric materials), or - Chemical substances that give surface smoothness (nano surface coating chemicals, polyamide coatings, polishes, etc.), or - Aerodynamic coating materials (polymer / polymer materials - made of polyolefin / polyethylene, PP, polybutene in the thermoplastic group of synthetic polymers), or - Plasma polymerization coatings (polymer / polymer materials - made of polyolefin / polyethylene, PP, polybutene in the thermoplastic group of synthetic polymers in the synthetic polymer class). On the other hand, the flow manipulator (111) can be exemplified as small blades / protrusions. The above-mentioned blades / protrusions can be positioned at any location on the surface in contact with the fluid (the surface of the blade (103), the support control surface, the surface of the elements of the system such as the induced drag reducer, etc.).

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, the appropriate location in the invention system can be covered with a photovoltaic system or other similar energy-efficient materials.

[0039] In the invention system, the movement trajectory can vary along all axes according to the work performed in an efficiency-oriented manner. Further, generally, the distance between the blades (103) and all subsystems thereon can increase or decrease in volume and system dimensions along all three axes including the axis representing the blade span. (Other possible items) (Item 1) A variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) developed for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems, - A movement axis (101) whose geometric shape can be adjusted and is non-circular instead of a circular path to ensure optimal efficiency; and - An adjustment mechanism (107) for adjusting the geometric path of the movement axis (101) A variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) comprising. (Item 2) A speed and control unit (106) for performing the movement of the moving surface (105) at a variable rotational speed according to the general rotational speed of the blade (103), and for adjusting the speed of the blade (103) when the moving surface (105) is included, the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to Item 1. (Item 3) A drive unit (102) for transmitting energy to the blade (103) to perform work defined along the movement axis (101), the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to Item 1. (Item 4) A variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to Item 1, comprising a blade (103) that moves along the movement axis (101) forming a geometric path and performs the defined work. (Item 5) A variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising a movable surface (105) positioned on the blade (103) to change the attack angle of the blade (103) passing through each motion axis (101), thereby contributing to increasing efficiency. (Item 6) A variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising a blade attack angle positioning guide (104) for holding the blades (103) on different axes at a desired angle and axis along the motion axis (101). (Item 7) A variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising a blade position and / or width adjustment mechanism (108) for adjusting the suction-thrust position of the blade (103) in a three-dimensional axis and the total width of the blade (103) by a dependent or independent movement of a body to which the blade (103) moving on the motion axis (101) is connected. (Item 8) The variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising an off-track support surface (109) capable of accommodating a flow control unit that can be positioned at an optimal position and / or a moving surface for performing a defined task. (Item 9) The variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising an on-track support surface (109) capable of accommodating a moving surface on which the flow control unit and / or the defined operation can be optimally positioned. (Item 10) A variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising an off-track support surface control mechanism (110) for positioning one or more off-track support surfaces (109) at an optimal size and position for both flow control and performing the defined operation. (Item 11) The variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising the on-orbit support surface control mechanism (110) for positioning one or more on-orbit support surfaces (109) at an optimal size and position for both flow control and execution of the defined operations. (Item 12) The variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising at least one surface accelerator capable of influencing the fluid motion. (Item 13) The variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 1, comprising at least one flow manipulator (111) capable of influencing the fluid motion. (Item 14) The surface accelerator is ○ a material that changes the material-fluid resistance that changes the ionization of the surface in contact with the fluid, or ○ a chemical material that provides surface smoothness, or ○ an aerodynamic coating material, or ○ a plasma polymerization coating material The surface accelerator made from any of the above, of the variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 12. (Item 15) The flow manipulator (111) is in the form of blades / protrusions and is positioned at any location on any surface of the system in contact with the fluid, of the variable orbit non-circular drive system (100) according to item 13.

Claims

1. A variable orbit non-circular drive system developed for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems, comprising: - A moving axis whose geometric shape can be adjusted and is non-circular instead of a circular path to ensure optimal efficiency; and - An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the geometric path of the moving axis A variable orbit non-circular drive system comprising.

2. A speed and control unit for performing the movement of a moving surface at a variable rotational speed according to the general rotational speed of the blade, and for adjusting the speed of the blade when the moving surface is included, the variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1.

3. A variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1, comprising a drive unit for transmitting energy to the blade to perform work defined along the moving axis.

4. A variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1, comprising a blade that moves along the moving axis forming a geometric path and performs a defined operation.

5. A variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1, comprising a movable surface positioned on the blade to change the angle of attack of the blade passing through each moving axis, thereby contributing to increasing efficiency.

6. A variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1, comprising a blade angle of attack positioning guide for holding blades on different axes at a desired angle and axis along the moving axis.

7. A variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1, comprising a blade position and / or width adjustment mechanism for adjusting the suction-thrust position of the blade in a three-dimensional axis and the total width of the blade by dependent or independent movement of a body to which the blade moving on the moving axis is connected.

8. The variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1, comprising a flow control unit that can be positioned at an optimal position and / or an off-orbit support surface capable of accommodating a moving surface for performing a defined task.

9. The variable orbit non-circular drive system according to claim 1, comprising an on-orbit support surface capable of accommodating a flow control unit and / or a moving surface on which a defined operation can be optimally positioned.

10. The non-circular drive system of a variable orbit according to claim 1, comprising an off-orbit support surface control mechanism for positioning one or more off-orbit support surfaces at an optimal size and position for both flow control and performing defined operations.

11. The non-circular drive system of a variable orbit according to claim 1, comprising an on-orbit support surface control mechanism for positioning one or more on-orbit support surfaces at an optimal size and position for both flow control and performing defined operations.

12. The non-circular drive system of a variable orbit according to claim 1, comprising at least one surface accelerator capable of influencing the fluid motion.

13. The non-circular drive system of a variable orbit according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising at least one flow manipulator capable of influencing the fluid motion.

14. The surface accelerator is ○ a material that changes the ionization of the surface in contact with the fluid, a material that changes the material-fluid resistance, or ○ a chemical material that provides surface smoothness, or ○ an aerodynamic coating material, or ○ a plasma polymerization coating material The non-circular drive system of a variable orbit according to claim 12, wherein the surface accelerator is made from.

15. The non-circular drive system of a variable orbit according to claim 13, wherein the flow manipulator is in the form of blades / protrusions and is positioned at any location on any surface of the non-circular drive system of the variable orbit in contact with the fluid.

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