Security element

Abstract

The present invention relates to a security element for securities paper such as banknotes, identity documents, credit cards, security paper, or security articles, wherein the security element (1) has at least one region (2) with a structure (3), and at least one color-shifting optical effect layer (4) that causes a color-shifting effect is provided in at least one first region (2) when viewed from the first side of the security element. The structure (3) is entirely or partially covered by the at least one optical effect layer (4), and the structure (3) is coated with at least one layer (5) made of at least one metal, and the at least one layer (5) made of the at least one metal is arranged as an adhesive layer between the structure (3) and the optical effect layer (4).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a security element for securities paper such as banknotes, identity certificates, credit cards, security paper, or security articles, wherein the security element has at least one region with a structure, and at least one color-shifting optical effect layer that causes a color-shifting effect is provided in at least one first region when viewed from a first side of the security element, and the structure is wholly or partially covered by at least one color-shifting optical effect layer.

Background Art

[0002] In the case of a security element having a structure with a large area, problems can arise regarding the adhesion of the color-shifting optical effect layer to the structure. This not only causes problems during manufacturing but may also impair the lifespan of the security element.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the problem of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks and improve the manufacturing and quality of a security element having a structure and a color-shifting coating.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0004] According to the present invention, this problem is solved in that the structure is covered by at least one layer made of at least one metal in the security element of the type described at the beginning, and at least one layer made of at least one metal is arranged as an adhesive layer between the structure and the optical effect layer.

Effects of the Invention

[0005] The solution according to the invention enables good adhesion between the structure and the color shift optical effect layer. Furthermore, the adhesive layer affects the chemical resistance of the security element.

[0006] According to an advantageous variant of the invention, the structure is a light diffraction structure.

[0007] It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the aspect ratio of the structure is between 0.05 and 3. Such a variant of the invention has been found to enable a particularly good bond between the light diffraction structure and the color shift optical effect layer in cooperation with a metal coating.

[0008] According to a further advantageous configuration of the invention, the structure may be an embossed structure, specifically an embossed structure in an embossed lacquer layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the contour of at least one layer made of metal at least partially follows the contour of the structure. Specifically, the interface of at least one layer made of metal facing the optical effect layer may follow the contour of the structure. By such a variant of the invention, the color shift effect (Farbkippeffekt) of the optical effect layer and also effects caused by the structure, such as holograms, can be perceived well simultaneously.

[0010] Furthermore, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if at least one layer made of metal covers at least the region of the structure on which at least one optical effect layer is placed. Such a variant of the invention enables, on the one hand, the generation of transparent regions which appear in the form of patterns, characters, images etc., also called "Cleartext" in the case of partial effect layers, and furthermore makes it possible to ensure good adhesion of the color shift optical effect layer to the structure.

[0011] At least one metal of at least one layer made of metal is selected from the group of nickel, titanium, manganese, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, palladium, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, aluminum, silver, copper, and / or alloys of these substances, specifically from the group of at least one nickel-chromium alloy, contains at least one of these substances, or is manufactured from at least one of these substances, and it has been found to be particularly advantageous. It is particularly advantageous if the metal layer serving as an adhesive contains chromium and / or nickel. In particular, alloys well-known under the designation "Inconel" have been found to be particularly suitable. Inconel is a nickel-chromium alloy whose main component is nickel and which contains chromium as the most important secondary component. In addition to this, iron, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, manganese, copper, aluminum, titanium, silicon, carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, and boron may be present. Such alloys are excellent, specifically, in addition to the good adhesive properties of the color shift optical effect layer with respect to the metal layer, also in terms of good corrosion resistance with respect to hydrochloric acid.

[0012] It may be advantageous if the optical effect layer is formed as a thin layer element and has at least one absorption layer and at least one spacer layer.

[0013] According to a further advantageous configuration of the invention, at least one absorption layer may contain at least one metal material selected from the group of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, palladium, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, aluminum, silver, copper, and / or alloys of these substances, or may be manufactured from at least one of these substances.

[0014] Furthermore, at least one spacer layer (7) is specifically aluminum oxide (Al2O3), a metal fluoride, such as magnesium fluoride (MgF2), aluminum fluoride (AlF3), cerium fluoride (CeF3), sodium aluminum fluoride (for example, Na3AlF6 or Na5Al3F 14 )), silicon oxide (SIOx ) a low refractive index dielectric material having a refractive index of 1.65 or less, selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide (SiO2), neodymium fluoride (NdF3), lanthanum fluoride (LaF3), samarium fluoride (SmF3), barium fluoride (BaF2), calcium fluoride (CaF2), lithium fluoride (LiF), a low refractive index organic monomer and / or a low refractive index organic polymer, or specifically zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), carbon (C), indium oxide (In2O3), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), cerium oxide (CeO2), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), europium oxide (Eu2O3), iron oxide, for example, iron oxide (II, III) (Fe3O4) and iron oxide (III) (Fe2O3), hafnium nitride (HfN), hafnium carbide (HfC), hafnium oxide (HfO2), lanthanum oxide (La2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO), neodymium oxide (Nd2O3), praseodymium oxide (Pr6O 11 ) samarium oxide (Sm2O3), antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se2O3), tin oxide (SnO2), tungsten trioxide (WO3), at least one high refractive index dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 1.65, selected from the group consisting of a high refractive index organic monomer and / or a high refractive index organic polymer, or advantageously being made from at least one of these substances has been found.

[0015] According to a further advantageous configuration of the invention, the optical effect layer formed as a thin layer element further comprises at least one reflective layer and / or a second absorption layer, and at least one spacer layer may be arranged between at least one first absorption layer and at least one reflective layer and / or at least one second absorption layer.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment, the optical effect layer formed as a thin layer element further comprises at least one reflective layer and / or a second absorption layer, and at least one spacer layer is arranged between at least one first absorption layer and at least one reflective layer and / or at least one second absorption layer.

[0017] Furthermore, at least one reflective layer is specifically selected from the group of at least one metallic material selected from silver, copper, aluminum, gold, platinum, niobium, tin, or nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, and palladium, or alloys of these substances, specifically cobalt-nickel alloys, or specifically zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), carbon (C), indium oxide (In2O3), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), cerium oxide (CeO2), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), europium oxide (Eu2O3), iron oxide, for example, iron oxide (II, III) (Fe3O4) and iron oxide (III) (Fe2O3), hafnium nitride (HfN), hafnium carbide (HfC), hafnium oxide (HfO2), lanthanum oxide (La2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO), neodymium oxide (Nd2O3), praseodymium oxide (Pr6O 11 )), samarium oxide (Sm2O3), antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se2O3), tin oxide (SnO2), tungsten trioxide (WO3), at least one high refractive index dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 1.65 selected from the group of high refractive index organic monomers and / or high refractive index organic polymers, or is made from at least one of these substances, and it has been found to be advantageous.

[0018] It has been found to be particularly advantageous if at least one of the at least one reflective layer or absorption layer is directly deposited, specifically printed and / or vapor deposited, on a metal layer serving as an adhesive.

[0019] Furthermore, the security element includes a support layer made of plastic, specifically the plastic is formed from a light-transmissive and / or thermoplastic plastic, and the support layer is preferably made of polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), uniaxially oriented polypropylene (MOPP), biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyethylene imide (PEI), polysulfone (PSU), polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyester, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-fluoroterpene polymer (EFEP), a plastic based on cellulose or lignin, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), thermoplastic starch (TPS), polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polybutylene adipate-terephthalate (PBAT), and / or at least one recycled plastic, and / or biodegradable and / or ocean-degradable plastic, and / or at least one material made from a group of mixtures and / or copolymers of these substances, or may be manufactured from at least one of these substances.

[0020] Furthermore, the security element comprises an additional color shift layer, specifically a layer having a color shift pigment or liquid crystal, and / or a layer having a machine-readable feature, and the machine-readable feature is specifically a magnetic code, a conductive layer, an electromagnetic wave absorbing material and / or an electromagnetic wave re-radiating material. Specifically, the security element has an additional layer, and the additional layer can specifically include a protective lacquer, a heat-sealing lacquer, glue, a primer, and / or a foil.

[0021] For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail based on the following drawings.

[0022] The drawings are each highly simplified schematic views.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023]

Figure 1

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1, the security element 1 according to the present invention, such as for preventing forgery of security papers, security papers, or security articles such as banknotes, identity documents, credit cards, tickets, etc., has a region 2 in which a structure 3 is arranged. The region 2 can extend over a part of the security element 1, but can also extend over the entire security element 1. A structure 3 is formed within the region 2. It is advantageous if the structure 3 is a light diffraction structure or a diffraction structure. The structure 3 can generate, for example, a hologram, and it is more convenient if the aspect ratio is from 0.05 to 3. The aspect ratio means, for a structure having a right-angle inclination angle, for example, a columnar structure, the ratio of the depth T to the width B of the structure 3. The depth T of the structure 3 means, in this context, the vertical distance between the level of the deepest point of the structure 3 and the level of the highest point. The width B of the structure 3 here corresponds to the width of the depth of the structure 3. In the case of a structure having an inclination angle deviating from 90°, for example, a serrated structure, the aspect ratio is the ratio of the depth T of the structure to the distance between the vertices.

[0025] The depth T of the structure 3 is greater than 100 nm, specifically from 100 to 2000 nm, specifically from 150 to 1500 nm.

[0026] The structure 3 is coated with at least one layer 5 made of at least one metal or alloy. The layer 5 is arranged as an adhesive layer between the structure 3 and the optical effect layer 4.

[0027] The material of the layer 5 is selected from the group of nickel, titanium, manganese, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, palladium, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, aluminum, silver, copper, and / or alloys of these substances, specifically at least one nickel-chromium alloy, contains at least one of these substances, or is manufactured from at least one of these substances. It is particularly advantageous if the material of the layer 5 is chromium or a nickel-chromium alloy, such as Inconel.

[0028] It is advantageous if the contour of layer 5 at least partially follows the contour of structure 3. Specifically, the interface of layer 5 facing the optical effect layer 4 follows the contour of structure 3. At least one layer 5 made of metal covers at least the region of structure 3 where the optical effect layer 4 is placed.

[0029] It is advantageous if the optical effect layer 4 is formed as a thin-film element. The optical effect layer 4 formed as a thin-film element has at least one absorption layer 6 and at least one spacer layer 7.

[0030] The absorption layer 6 specifically contains a metal material selected from the group of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, palladium, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, aluminum, silver, copper, and / or alloys of these substances, or may be manufactured from at least one of these substances.

[0031] At least one spacer layer 7 may be formed, for example, from a dielectric material. Further, at least one spacer layer 7 specifically is aluminum oxide (Al2O3), a metal fluoride such as magnesium fluoride (MgF2), aluminum fluoride (AlF3), cerium fluoride (CeF3), sodium aluminum fluoride (e.g., Na3AlF6 or Na5Al3F 14 ) silicon oxide (SIO x) A low refractive index dielectric material having a refractive index of 1.65 or less, selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide (SiO2), neodymium fluoride (NdF3), lanthanum fluoride (LaF3), samarium fluoride (SmF3), barium fluoride (BaF2), calcium fluoride (CaF2), lithium fluoride (LiF), a low refractive index organic monomer and / or a low refractive index organic polymer, or specifically zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), carbon (C), indium oxide (In2O3), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), cerium oxide (CeO2), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), europium oxide (Eu2O3), iron oxide, for example, iron (II, III) oxide (Fe3O4) and iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3), hafnium nitride (HfN), hafnium carbide (HfC), hafnium oxide (HfO2), lanthanum oxide (La2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO), neodymium oxide (Nd2O3), praseodymium oxide (Pr6O 11 ) A material containing at least one high refractive index dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 1.65, selected from the group consisting of samarium oxide (Sm2O3), antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se2O3), tin oxide (SnO2), tungsten trioxide (WO3), a high refractive index organic monomer and / or a high refractive index organic polymer, or may be manufactured from at least one of these substances.

[0032] The optical effect layer 4 formed as a thin layer element is deposited on a layer 5 disposed on the structure 3.

[0033] The total thickness of the individual layers or layers forming the thin layer element is significantly exaggerated and not proportional to the original size.

[0034] The color shift optical effect layer 4 further includes at least one reflective layer 8. At least one spacer layer 7 is disposed between the absorption layer 6 and the reflective layer 8. The reflective layer 8 is here directly deposited on the layer 5 which serves as an adhesive layer, and specifically may be printed and / or vapor-deposited on the layer 5. Similarly, it is also possible to reverse such an order in the optical effect layer so that the absorption layer is disposed on the layer 5, and further the spacer layer and the reflective layer are disposed. Therefore, the arrangement relationship corresponds to the order of the structure 3, the metal layer 5 - absorption layer 6 - spacer layer 7 - reflective layer 8. When the layer 5 and the absorption layer 6 are made of the same material, it may be advantageous for them to be deposited in one working process.

[0035] The reflective layer 8 is specifically selected from at least one metallic material selected from the group of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, platinum, niobium, tin, or nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, and palladium, or alloys of these substances, specifically cobalt-nickel alloys, or specifically zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), carbon (C), indium oxide (In2O3), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), cerium oxide (CeO2), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), europium oxide (Eu2O3), iron oxide, for example, iron oxide (II, III) (Fe3O4) and iron oxide (III) (Fe2O3), hafnium nitride (HfN), hafnium carbide (HfC), hafnium oxide (HfO2), lanthanum oxide (La2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO), neodymium oxide (Nd2O3), praseodymium oxide (Pr6O 11 )), samarium oxide (Sm2O3), antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se2O3), tin oxide (SnO2), tungsten trioxide (WO3), and at least one high refractive index dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 1.65 selected from the group of high refractive index organic monomers and / or high refractive index organic polymers, or may be manufactured from at least one of these substances. This applies to all the reflective layers 8 described in the examples.

[0036] However, instead of the reflective layer 8, an additional absorption layer may be provided.

[0037] The security element 1 can further include a support layer 9. The support layer 9 may be formed of plastic. Further, a plurality of layers can also form the support layer 9. The plastic may be formed of a light-transmissive and / or thermoplastic plastic. As materials for the support layer 9, polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), uniaxially stretched polypropylene (MOPP), biaxially stretched polypropylene (BOPP), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyethylene imide (PEI), polysulfone (PSU), polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyester, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-fluoroterpolymer (EFEP), and / or at least one kind of a material made from a group of mixtures and / or copolymers of these materials may be included, or it may be manufactured from at least one kind of these materials. The thickness of the support layer may be from 5 μm to 1000 μm, and a particularly preferred thickness may be from 10 μm to 50 μm.

[0038] The arrangement or deposition of the optical effect layer 4 or its layer on the adhesive layer 5 can be carried out, for example, by a printing process and / or an evaporation process, or by a plurality of printing processes and / or evaporation processes.

[0039] The structure 3 may be embossed directly into the support layer 9, for example by heating the support layer 9 and embossing the structure with an embossing tool, such as an embossing roller.

[0040] A further alternative possibility lies in providing a further specific layer 10 for receiving the structure 3. The further layer 10 may be applied directly onto the support layer 9. The further layer 10 may be applied directly onto the support layer 9. For example, the further layer 10 may be formed by an embossing varnish. The embossing varnish is deformed corresponding to the arrangement of the structure 3. This can be done by means of a shaping device or shaping element in an embossing process. The thickness of such a further layer, specifically an embossing varnish layer, in which the structure 3 is shaped may be, for example, from 0.5 μm to 300 μm, specifically from 0.8 μm to 50 μm, advantageously from 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0041] Furthermore, at least one intermediate layer may be provided between the layer 10 and the support layer 9. The intermediate layer may be formed, for example, by an adhesive, a primer, glue, or the like.

[0042] As the top layer or outermost layer on the optical effect layer 4, a protective layer, not shown here for example, may be provided. The protective layer can protect the layer structure and / or the entire layer structure from mechanical damage, such as scratches, grooving, or the like. The protective layer may also be arranged on the side of the support layer opposite to the optical effect layer. Arrangement on both sides is also conceivable. It is advantageous since the security element 1 can also be configured flat by means of the protective layer.

[0043] Needless to say, the layer structure and the arrangement relationship of further layers depend on the form in which the security element is applied onto the security article. This is because here, the side on which the security element should be seen after application is extremely important. Therefore, the viewing side as shown in the figure can be viewed from above, but it is also possible to view the security element from the lower viewing side, for example, through the support.

[0044] For the sake of clarity, it should be noted here that the expression "a layer is applied to something" should be understood such that the layer may be directly applied, or that one or more intermediate layers may still be located between the applied layer and what the layer is applied to. For the sake of clarity, it should be noted here that one or more intermediate layers may be arranged between the layers described in this specification. Therefore, it is not necessarily required that the described layers are in contact with each other. Furthermore, the concept of "layer" in this specification should be understood such that one layer may be composed of a plurality of sub-layers.

Explanation of Signs

[0045] 1 Security element 2 Region 3 Structure 4 Effect layer 5 Layer 6 Absorbing layer 7 Spacer layer 8 Reflective layer 9 Support layer 10 Layer

Claims

Claim 1 A security element for banknotes, identity documents, security papers such as credit cards, security paper, or security articles, said security element (1) having at least one region (2) with a structure (3), at least one color shift optical effect layer (4) that causes a color shift effect is provided within at least one of said first regions (2) as seen from a first side of the security element, and said structure (3) is of a type that is wholly or partially covered by at least one of said color shift optical effect layers (4), said structure (3) being coated with at least one layer (5) made of at least one metal, and at least one of said layers (5) made of at least one metal being arranged as an adhesive layer between said structure (3) and said optical effect layer (4), characterized security element. Claim 2 The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that said structure (3) is a light diffraction structure. Claim 3 The security element according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the aspect ratio of said structure (3) is from 0.05 to 3. Claim 4 The security element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said structure (3) is an embossed structure, specifically, a structure embossed into an embossed lacquer layer. Claim 5 The security element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the contour of at least one of said layers (5) made of metal at least partially follows the contour of said structure, specifically, the interface of at least one of said layers (5) made of metal facing said optical effect layer (4) follows the contour of said structure (3). Claim 6 The security element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of said layers (5) made of metal covers at least the region of said structure (3) on which at least one of said optical effect layers (4) is placed. Claim 7 At least one metal of at least one of the said layers (5) made of metal is selected from the group of nickel, titanium, manganese, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, palladium, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, aluminum, silver, copper, and / or alloys of these substances, specifically, from the group of at least one nickel-chromium alloy, or is manufactured from at least one of these substances, and is characterized by the security element according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The said optical effect layer (4) is formed as a thin layer element and has at least one absorption layer (6) and at least one spacer layer (7), and is characterized by the security element according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. At least one of the said absorption layers (6) specifically contains at least one metal material selected from the group of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, palladium, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, aluminum, silver, copper, and / or alloys of these substances, or is manufactured from at least one of these substances, and is characterized by the security element according to claim 8.

10. At least one of the spacer layers (7) is specifically aluminum oxide (Al ２ O ３ ), metal fluoride, such as magnesium fluoride (MgF ２ ), aluminum fluoride (AlF ３ ), cerium fluoride (CeF ３ ), sodium aluminum fluoride (e.g., Na ３ AlF ６ or Na ５ Al ３ F １４ ), silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon dioxide (SiO ２ ), neodymium fluoride (NdF ３ ), lanthanum fluoride (LaF ３ ), samarium fluoride (SmF ３ ), barium fluoride (BaF ２ ), calcium fluoride (CaF ２ ), lithium fluoride (LiF), a low refractive index organic monomer, and / or a low refractive index organic polymer selected from the group of low refractive index dielectric materials having a refractive index of 1.65 or less, or specifically zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO ２ ), carbon (C), indium oxide (In ２ O ３ ), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta ２ O ５ ), cerium oxide (CeO ２ ), yttrium oxide (Y ２ O ３ ), europium oxide (Eu ２ O ３ ), iron oxide, such as iron (II, III) oxide (Fe ３ O ４ and iron (III) oxide (Fe ２ O ３ ), hafnium nitride (HfN), hafnium carbide (HfC), hafnium oxide (HfO ２ ), lanthanum oxide (La ２ O ３ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), neodymium oxide (Nd ２ O ３ ), praseodymium oxide (Pr ６ O １１ ), samarium oxide (Sm ２ O ３ ), antimony trioxide (Sb ２ O ３ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ３ N ４ ), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se ２ O ３ ), tin oxide (SnO ２ ), tungsten trioxide (WO ３ ), at least one high refractive index dielectric material selected from the group consisting of a high refractive index organic monomer and / or a high refractive index organic polymer, having a refractive index greater than 1.65, or being manufactured from at least one of these substances, characterized in that it is the security element according to claim 8 or claim 9.

11. The said optical effect layer (4) formed as a thin layer element further includes at least one reflective layer (8) and / or a second absorption layer, and at least one of the said spacer layers (7) is disposed between at least one of the said first absorption layers (6) and at least one of the said reflective layers (8) and / or at least one of the said second absorption layers, and is characterized by the security element according to any one of claims 8 to 10.

12. At least one of the said reflective layers (8) is specifically selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, platinum, niobium, tin, or nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, and palladium, or an alloy of these substances, specifically at least one metallic material selected from the group of cobalt-nickel alloys, or specifically zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO ２ ), carbon (C), indium oxide (In ２ O ３ ), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta ２ O ５ ), cerium oxide (CeO ２ ), yttrium oxide (Y ２ O ３ ), europium oxide (Eu ２ O ３ ), iron oxide, for example iron (II, III) oxide (Fe ３ O ４ ), and iron (III) oxide (Fe ２ O ３ ), hafnium nitride (HfN), hafnium carbide (HfC), hafnium oxide (HfO ２ ), lanthanum oxide (La ２ O ３ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), neodymium oxide (Nd ２ O ３ ), praseodymium oxide (Pr ６ O １１ ), samarium oxide (Sm ２ O ３ ), antimony trioxide (Sb ２ O ３ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ３ N ４ ), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se ２ O ３ ), tin oxide (SnO ２ ), tungsten trioxide (WO ３ ), at least one high refractive index dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 1.65, selected from the group of high refractive index organic monomers and / or high refractive index organic polymers, or produced from at least one of these substances, the security element according to claim 11, characterized in that it is.

13. At least one of the said reflective layers (8) or at least one of the said absorption layers is directly deposited, specifically printed and / or vapor-deposited, on at least one of the said layers (5) made of metal that serves as an adhesive, and is characterized by the security element according to claim 10 or claim 11.

14. The security element includes a support layer (9) made of plastic. Specifically, the plastic is formed from a light-transmissive and / or thermoplastic plastic, and the support layer is preferably made of polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), uniaxially stretched polypropylene (MOPP), biaxially stretched polypropylene (BOPP), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyethylene imide (PEI), polysulfone (PSU), polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyester, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-fluoroterpene polymer (EFEP), a plastic based on cellulose or lignin, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), thermoplastic starch (TPS), polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polybutylene adipate-terephthalate (PBAT), and / or at least one recycled plastic, and / or a biodegradable and / or marine-degradable plastic, and / or at least one material made from a mixture and / or copolymer of these substances, or is manufactured from at least one of these substances. The security element according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is.

Images