Cone stack cyclone separator and vacuum cleaner having the same

Abstract

The vacuum cleaner and fluid separator of the present invention include a vortex generator that generates forced vortices based on the Coanda effect. The generated vortex is a laminar, swirling flow that separates fluid particles into distinct layers. Fluids with large particles or high density swirl in the outer layer, while fluids with small particles or low density swirl in the inner layer, facilitating separation. The separator also includes stacked cones with narrow spaces between them to serve as surface settling zones to promote separation. Multiple cones can be stacked within a limited area, creating multiple surface settling zones. The fluid separator also includes reverse swirl-promoting cones that separate fluids containing larger or denser particles and store them in a fluid storage chamber containing larger particles, and a portion of the fluid swirling in the inner layer is returned to the separation system via a connecting channel. When the portion of the fluid containing the larger or denser particles is drawn from the fluid collection channel, the fluid swirls down through any spaces between the stacked cones to the collection channel for the fluid containing the larger or denser particles, resulting in efficient separation at the surface settling region, i.e., the shroud surface of the stacked cones. The vacuum cleaner according to the present invention is less likely to clog because it has a preliminary separation function that separates large and fibrous impurities before the separation process of the small particle fluid. The highly efficient separation process allows the vacuum cleaner to separate contaminants without the need for additional filter layers and discharge clean air. This means that the suction power of the vacuum cleaner will not decrease due to a clogged filter.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cone stack cyclone separator and a vacuum cleaner having the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Cyclone separators have been a popular fluid separator for many years and work well when the fluids to be separated are composed of phases with widely differing particle sizes and densities, such as water and oil, but are less effective when separating fluids with only slight differences in particle size and density, such as fine dust particles in the air. This is primarily due to the swirling flow generated by conventional cyclone separators, which draw fluid through a tangential inlet. The resulting swirling flow becomes a free vortex, and the closer it swirls toward the center of the vortex, the faster it swirls. Under the influence of these centrifugal forces (which are directly affected by the vortex velocity), particles with smaller size or lower density align themselves along the outer layer of the vortex, while larger or denser particles, which are subject to greater centrifugal forces, align themselves along the inner layer. The fluid separates again at the point where the cyclone cone reverses direction. The reverse vortex is a forced vortex, meaning that the velocity of the outer layer is faster than that of the inner layer, since centrifugal force varies directly with the vortex velocity. At the point where the vortex reverses, the fluid containing large particles, centrifuged by the forced reverse vortex, and the fluid containing small particles, which had previously swirled in the outer layer but was subjected to the weak centrifugal force of the free vortex, are centrifuged into the outer layer. This makes it difficult to separate only the fluid containing larger or denser particles. Therefore, the fluid containing small particles that had previously swirled in the outer layer is also separated. If the separation open end at the bottom of the cone is too small, some of the large or dense fluid cannot completely separate from the outlet at the bottom of the cone. It then flows back out and is discharged through the outlet for the fluid containing smaller or less dense particles. If the outlet at the bottom of the cone is too wide, the fluid discharged into the storage chamber for the large or dense fluid is larger than the capacity of the storage chamber for the large or dense fluid. As a result, the reverse flow through the outlet for the small or less dense fluid causes a strong reverse swirl from the storage chamber carrying the large or dense fluid. Alternatively, if the separator is discharged from the bottom outlet of the cone, the proportion of the total fluid that is discarded will be excessive, i.e., the discarded portion will contain a portion of the fluid that contains smaller or less dense particles.

[0003] When conventional cyclone separators are used to filter industrial dust, they have the drawbacks mentioned above, and some fine dust particles remain behind, making it necessary to use a filter bag or filter layer as a final filtration step before the sucked air is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0004] In recent years, cyclone separators have become commonplace in vacuum cleaners because they are less likely to clog than traditional cloth bag vacuum cleaners. When the cloth bag becomes clogged, airflow is restricted, reducing suction power and resulting in a rapid decline in the efficiency of the vacuum cleaner. Furthermore, cleaning dust-laden filter bags can be harmful to health. Because of the aforementioned shortcomings of traditional cyclone separators in separating fine dust particles, multiple cyclones are required to meet acceptable cleanliness standards before discharging the dust into the atmosphere. This makes the vacuum cleaner bulky. The problem that remains is that conventional cyclone separators are unable to filter the dust particles contained in the sucked air to a level that achieves an acceptable level of cleanliness before discharging the air into the atmosphere. A filter layer must be used for final filtration before discharging the air into the atmosphere. This requirement creates the problem of clogging of conventional filters. An example of such a vacuum cleaner is described in U.S. Patent No. 8,979,960 B2. Recently, popular handheld compact vacuum cleaners have tended to abandon cyclone separators and adopt various types of filters. Nevertheless, the same problems of filter clogging, reduced vacuum cleaner efficiency, and the need for frequent filter cleaning occur. An example of such a vacuum cleaner is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 2021 / 0290019 A1. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The cyclone separator of the present invention uses a vortex generator based on the Coanda effect principle. The generated vortex is a forced vortex with laminar swirling flow, with the swirling velocity being greatest at the outermost periphery of the vortex. The swirling velocity gradually decreases toward the center of the vortex, corresponding to the distribution of particles in the fluid subjected to centrifugal force. That is, fluid containing larger particles or particles with higher density swirl in the outer layer of the vortex and are subjected to greater centrifugal force. On the other hand, fluid particles containing smaller particles or particles with lower density, which are subjected to less centrifugal force, swirl in the inner layer of the vortex. The vortex generated based on the Coanda effect attaches to the convex curved surface next to the opening and swirls, flowing as a laminar flow, dispersing the fluid particles into swirling layers corresponding to the particle size and density that are easy to separate. Separation proceeds from the outer layer toward the inner layer until the desired fluid with a specific particle size or density is obtained.

[0006] The cyclone separator according to the present invention further includes stacked cones which increase the surface settling area to enhance the settling or separation rate. This device consists of a stack of truncated cones with open upstream and downstream ends, each spaced apart to form a narrow gap between them. The stacked cones are mounted behind a vortex-generating chamber, allowing a large number of cones to be stacked in a limited space. This arrangement therefore creates numerous spaces between the cones, thereby creating a large inner shroud area within the many stacked cones. These areas are surface settling areas that promote separation, and require a larger footprint, resulting in significantly improved separation capacity compared to existing cyclone separators with one or a few cyclone cones.

[0007] The cyclone separator of the present invention also includes a fluid recirculation system designed to recirculate residual fluid from separation. Specifically, fluids with larger or denser particles (heavier phases) are partially separated by swirling adjacent to the cone shroud region in the space between the cones and by swirling adjacent to the wall of the collection channel for the larger or denser particles. A vacuum motor fan is positioned between the fluid inlet and the vortex generator, allowing the residual fluid to be recirculated back into the separation chamber for further separation, resulting in cleaner results. Furthermore, a connecting channel is positioned at the downstream end of the cone to facilitate the reverse swirling flow connecting to the separator's fluid inlet, connecting the end of the fluid collection channel for larger or denser particles to the separator's fluid inlet. Using a fluid recycle system to recirculate fluid back into the separation process allows fluids containing larger particles to be drawn into the fluid collection channel. In this way, the fluid is drawn through every space between the cones in a uniform and complete swirl toward the larger particle fluid collection channel, promoting efficient separation in the surface settling region, which is the shroud surface of the stacked cones.

[0008] In summary, the cone stack cyclone separator of the present invention comprises a fluid inlet, a vacuum motor fan for suction and discharge, a vortex generator, a vortex generation chamber, a separation chamber having spaces between stacked cones, and a separation chamber formed by the downstream open ends of the stacked cones, a heavier phase fluid collection channel for larger or higher density particles around the upstream opening of the stacked cones, cones for promoting a counter-swirling flow to separate the larger or higher density particle (heavier phase) from the smaller or lower density particle (lighter phase) fluid, a chamber for larger or higher density particles (heavier phase) that is returned to the separation system through a connecting channel leading to the fluid inlet in front of the vacuum motor fan, and an outlet for the light phase fluid.

[0009] The operation of the cone stack cyclone separator of the present invention begins with the introduction of fluid into the separator through the fluid inlet by a vacuum motor fan located between the fluid inlet and the vortex generators. A partial vacuum is then created to draw the fluid into the separator, where it is sent to the fluid distribution chamber, which distributes the fluid to the openings of the vortex generators, which generate swirling flow based on the Coanda effect. The section is a conical or cylindrical transmission base with an internal cavity. The opening is located around the periphery of the transmission base. The interior of the vortex generation chamber is provided with a convex curved surface that curves toward the inner wall of the cavity. The convex curved surfaces of the openings are provided as the closest surfaces relative to other surfaces around the emerging axis of the openings. Fluid discharged through the openings is deflected and adheres to the convex curved surfaces of the openings, and because the pressure of the convex curved surfaces is lower than the pressure in other parts of the fluid-filled vortex generating chamber, the fluid in the vortex generating chamber is guided and flows along the convex curved surfaces. The multiple openings and the convex curved surfaces of the openings are mounted symmetrically around the transmission base of the vortex generator. Therefore, the fluid flow on each convex surface in the vortex generating chamber flows in a relay fashion, creating a swirling flow within the chamber. Because fluid pressure is greatest at the convex surface curving toward the outlet of the opening and the inner wall of the vortex generating chamber, the vortex velocity is greatest in the vortex layer adjacent to the wall of the vortex generating chamber. As the vortex rotates toward the center of the vortex in response to the decreasing thrust, the vortex velocity gradually slows. Because centrifugal force varies directly with the vortex velocity, it is greatest in the outermost layer of the vortex. Fluids containing larger particles or higher-density particles (heavier phase) are subjected to greater centrifugal force in the outer layer of the vortex. Smaller particles or lower-density fluids (lighter phase) are swirled by smaller centrifugal force in the inner layer of the vortex. After the fluid swirls in the vortex generating chamber for a while, the fluid particles clearly separate into layers. As the fluid swirls toward the separation chamber, the separation chamber forms an internal cavity at the downstream end of the opening of the stacked cones. As the fluid swirls in the first space between the first and second stacked cones (where the downstream open end of the first cone is surrounded by the open end of the vortex shedding chamber), the larger or denser fluid in the outer layer of swirling particles (heavier phase) is ejected and swirls against the inner shroud of the stacked cones, swirling around the shroud and swirling down into the fluid collection channel for the larger or denser particles (heavier phase). The fluid then attaches to the bottom of the larger or denser particle collection channel and swirls down. While the vortex attaches to the inner shroud of the cones and the shroud of the large particle collection channel, which is the surface settling region, the fluid containing the larger or denser particles settles upon contact with the surface. In this way, the fluids are separated as the fluid containing the larger or denser particles swirls to the bottom of the fluid collection channel where the larger or denser particles collect.The cone is positioned to promote a reverse vortex, with an annular space between the end of the shroud of the fluid collection channel for larger or denser particles and the reverse vortex-promoting cone. The total cross-sectional area of ​​the annular space must be smaller than the minimum space through which the fluid can fully flow, allowing the remaining portion of the light-phase fluid swirling in the inner layer of the vortex to reverse along the surface of the reverse vortex-promoting cone. At the point where the vortex reverses, the fluid containing larger particles is separated in the space and collected in a storage chamber for fluid containing larger or denser particles. The remaining portion of the fluid swirling in the inner layer of the vortex, containing smaller particles, swirls back up the flow path, returning the fluid to the fluid intake in front of the vacuum motor fan, where it is sucked into the fluid distribution chamber and then into the vortex generator. This creates a circulation in which the partially sorted fluid returns to the separation process. The fluid is then fractionated several times by recirculation until the desired clean fluid is achieved. The circulation suction induces the fluid in the separation chamber to swirl downward thoroughly to all spaces between the stacked cones, facilitating the suction of fluid from the fluid collection channel for large particles, thereby improving the fluid separation efficiency of the separation device of the present invention.

[0010] After the inner layer of fluid swirls downward to the first space between the cones, the remaining fluid swirls outward to form the outer layer of vortices, which swirl downstream along the inner cone shroud, which then swirls upward to the end of the second stacked cone. In the space between the second and third stacked cones, the swirling fluid in the outer layer, i.e., the larger particle-bearing fluid, is then centrifuged to swirl along the inner shroud of the third cone, then along the inner shroud of the third cone, then around the second cone between the two. It then swirls along the inner shroud of each cone, promoting settling, and settles in the fluid collection channel for larger or denser particles. The separation process resumes at the vortex reversal point, facilitated by the reverse swirl promoter cones. The larger or denser fluid in the outer layer passes through the annular space between the shroud of the larger or denser particle collection channel and the reverse swirl promoter cones, separating into the larger particle fluid storage chamber. The remaining portion of the swirling fluid in the inner layer counter-swirls along the reverse swirl promoter cones to the connecting channel and returns to the vortex generator system for the aforementioned separation process.

[0011] The remaining part of the fluid swirling in the inner layer of the vortex swirls downward to the second space between the cones, then swirls outward to form the outer layer of the vortex. It then continues to swirl toward the next space between the cones. This separation process is repeated multiple times, corresponding to the number of gaps between the stacked cones. By stacking cones in this way, a large number of cones can be stacked in a limited area, which leaves ample space between the cones and allows separation to occur multiple times in the numerous shroud regions of the cones, which are surface settling areas that promote settling. Therefore, the separation efficiency of the separation device of the present invention is very high.

[0012] After the fluid has been fractionated down to the last cone in the stack, the fluid is cleaned and reaches an acceptance standard for discharge from the fluid separator through the outlet of the fluid with smaller particles (lighter phase) or the outlet of the fluid with particles sorted to the required standard.

[0013] The fluid separator of the present invention generates a forced vortex with laminar swirling flow, and centrifugal force separates the swirling fluid into layers according to the particle size and density of the fluid distribution. Therefore, separation is simple (i.e., layer-by-layer separation from the outer layer of the vortex to the inner layer). The fluid separator of the present invention can be stacked in a limited area with multiple spaces between the cones and a large area of ​​the cone shroud that serves as a surface settling area to promote settling. A recycle system allows partial fluid to be recycled back to the separation system for re-separation, making the fluid separator of the present invention highly efficient. Because the fluid separator of the present invention uses centrifugal force to separate contaminated fluids and achieve the required level of purity, there is no need for an additional filtration device to further filter the fluid before it is discharged from the separator. Therefore, there is little need for maintenance, i.e., no filter is required, and therefore no filter cleaning, which can have an adverse effect on health, is required. Most importantly, because there is no need for a filter that is prone to clogging, the suction efficiency of the fluid being suctioned for semi-vacuuming is not reduced as a result of a clogged or dirty filter. It is therefore suitable for use as a variety of filters in, for example, industrial vacuum cleaners, domestic vacuum cleaners, particularly portable vacuum cleaners, hand-held vacuum cleaners, and the like.

[0014] A vacuum cleaner using the cyclone separating device of the above invention includes an intake port for dust and impurities that are sucked in along with the air, a preliminary separating device for separating large impurities and fibrous debris, a storage chamber for large impurities, the above-mentioned cone stack cyclone separator, a storage chamber for fine dust, and an outlet for filtered clean air.

[0015] The preliminary separating device for a vacuum cleaner according to the present invention comprises: an intake port for dust and dirt sucked in together with air; a vortex generator for generating a swirling flow based on the Coanda effect, which includes a conical or shallow dome-shaped fluid distribution chamber, an opening, and a convex curved surface bent toward the gently sloping conical or shallow dome-shaped outer surface beside the opening's outlet (including the fluid distribution chamber, the opening, and the convex curved surface beside the opening's outlet); a vortex generating chamber / separation chamber used to generate the swirling flow and separate impurities, which surrounds the vortex generating chamber; a lower cavity adjacent to the bottom of the vortex generating chamber or separation chamber, which is used to collect large, elongated, or fibrous impurities; a connecting passage connecting the downstream part of the vortex generating chamber or separation chamber with the cone stack cyclone separator according to the present invention; and a removable large impurity storage chamber for easy impurity disposal.

[0016] Impurities and dust are drawn into the suction port along with the air in the fluid distribution chamber of the vortex generator. The end of the vortex generator is connected to a gently sloping cone or shallow dome, which distributes the fluid to the openings around the cone or dome shroud. The opening has a convex surface at the side of its outlet that curves toward the circumference of the outer shroud of the cone or shallow dome, which is the surface closest to the new axis of the opening. When the fluid containing air and impurities is drawn into the outer shroud of the cone or shallow dome through the opening, under the influence of the Coanda effect, the air and impurities are deflected to adhere along the convex surface at the side of the opening, which is symmetrically attached around the cone or shallow dome. The concentric vortex flow path of the opening generates a forced vortex with laminar swirling flow around the cone or shallow dome. The vortex generator is surrounded by a vortex generating chamber, whose shroud is conical, and whose end is lower than the base of the vortex generating chamber. Specifically, the shroud of the vortex generating chamber extends below the vortex generator, and centrifugal force generated by the vortex acts on the impurities. Larger impurities are thrown to the outermost layer by the higher centrifugal force, and are thrown into the flow that adheres to the shroud of the vortex generating chamber or separation chamber, where they swirl and fall into the large impurity storage chamber where they are stored. Air contaminated with smaller impurities swirls in the inner layer while acting on the smaller centrifugal force, and continues to swirl through a connecting passage connected to the fluid inlet of the fluid separator of the present invention to the dust separator, which is a conical stacked fluid cyclone separator of the present invention. Fine dust is sucked and blown into the fluid distribution chamber of the vortex generator, generating a swirling flow based on the Coanda effect, accelerating the vortex speed in the vortex generating chamber. The dust is then centrifuged and dispersed into layers separated at the separation chamber, which is the space between the stacked cones formed by the downstream open ends of the cones, and at the vortex reversal point, where the reverse swirl is created by the reverse swirl promoting cone. As previously mentioned, in the stacked cone fluid separator of the present invention, dust is collected in a fine dust storage chamber and filtered clean air is discharged from the outlet of the vacuum cleaner.

[0017] The vacuum cleaner according to the present invention separates dust and impurities by a separation section composed of stacked cones, which allows a large number of cones to be stacked in a limited area, and a connecting channel connecting a fluid collection channel for large or dense particles and a fluid inlet for recycling the fluid to the separation system. When the fluid is sucked back into the separation system, it swirls down through any space between the cones. This allows for highly efficient separation even in a compact size, making it suitable for portable and handheld vacuum cleaners.In addition, the vortex generated is a laminar forced vortex, which allows for efficient separation of impurities and dust. Dust can be completely separated from the air before it is discharged from the vacuum cleaner, and the air is purified to a cleanliness standard before it is discharged from the vacuum cleaner, eliminating the need for additional filter bags or filter layers. Furthermore, the vacuum cleaner according to the present invention includes a preliminary separation device for separating large, elongated, or fibrous impurities prior to the fluid separation process using the separation device according to the present invention, thereby preventing clogging in the fine dust separation section. The vacuum cleaner according to the present invention is less likely to clog, has stable suction efficiency, and does not lose suction power. The vacuum cleaner according to the present invention includes two storage chambers, one for large fibrous impurities and one for fine dust, and can dispose of the dust in the storage chamber through a dust chute that prevents it from scattering to the surrounding area, thereby preventing health risks. The fibrous and large impurities do not contain dust particles that may become airborne and be harmful to human health when disposed of. As detailed above, the vacuum cleaner according to the present invention offers advantages over conventional vacuum cleaners.

[0018] The vacuum cleaner of the present invention can also be effectively applied to various separation processes, such as various separation processes in factories, filtering intake air into an engine combustion chamber, and filtering dust from air conditioners. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1A]FIG. 1 shows a vacuum cleaner having a cone stack cyclone separator and a fluid separator. [Figure 1B] 1 shows details of the swirl system of a cone stack cyclone separator. [Figure 2] shows a cone stack cyclone separator with a Coanda screen cone and a vacuum cleaner with a fluid separator. [Figure 3A] shows a vortex generator with fixed wings. [Figure 3B] 1 shows details of a vortex generator with fixed wings and a schematic cross-section of the device. [Figure 3C] shows a detail of the stator wing as seen from inside the adjacent hub. [Figure 4A] shows a vortex generator equipped with guide vanes. [Figure 4B] 1 shows details of a vortex generator with guide vanes and a schematic cross-section of the device. [Figure 4C] 1 shows a detail of the guide vanes as seen from the inside of the adjacent hub. [Figure 5A] 1 is a schematic diagram of a vortex generator that generates vortices based on the principle of the Coanda effect. [Figure 5B] shows a vortex generator that generates vortices based on the principle of the Coanda effect. [Figure 6A] indicates a Coanda screen cone. [Figure 6B] shows the schematic outline of a Coanda screen cone. [Figure 7A] shows a cone-type vortex generator. [Figure 7B] 1 shows the cross-sectional shape of a cone-type vortex generator. [Figure 7C] 1 shows a top view of a cone-type vortex generator. [Figure 8A] shows a shallow circular dome vortex generator. [Figure 8B] 1 shows the cross-sectional shape of a shallow circular dome vortex generator. [Figure 8C] shows a top view of a shallow circular dome vortex generator. [Figure 9A] indicates the acceleration gradient profile of the forced vortex. [Figure 9B] shows the distribution profile of fluid particles when subjected to the centrifugal force generated by the forced vortex. [Figure 10A] 1 shows a vacuum cleaner with a fluid separator according to the invention using a floor vacuum head. [Figure 10B] 1 shows a vacuum cleaner with a fluid separator according to the invention using a round brush vacuum head. [Figure 10C] shows a vacuum cleaner with a fluid separator according to the invention using a state-of-the-art vacuum head. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0020] 1A shows a cone stack cyclone separator according to the present invention (1), having a fluid inlet (10), a vacuum motor fan (11, 12) mounted between the fluid inlet and the vortex generator to generate a partial vacuum to draw fluid into the separator through the fluid inlet, a vortex generator (13) connected from the vacuum motor fan, and a vortex generating chamber (14) mounted behind the vortex generator. A separation section (16) is mounted axially behind the vortex generating chamber, and includes an internal cavity (27) formed by the downstream open ends of the stacked cones, a fluid collection channel (18) for larger or higher density particles located at the upstream open end of the stacked cones, and a reverse swirl promoting cone (23) mounted at the lower end of the fluid collection channel for larger or higher density particles. There is an annular space (20) used for fluid separation, which is the annular space between the shroud (19) of the fluid collection channel for the denser or higher density particles and the reverse swirl promoting cone (23) used to separate the fluid with the denser or higher density particles (heavy phase) from the fluid with the lighter or lower density particles (light phase) into the storage chamber (21) for the denser or higher density particles (heavier phase), and a connecting channel (25), the inlet (24) of which is attached to the end of the reverse swirl promoting cone for recycling the fluid to the separation process, the outlet (26) of the connecting channel is connected to a fluid inlet located in front of the vacuum motor fan, and behind it is an outlet for discharging the fluid with the smaller or lower density particles (light phase) (32) from the fluid separator according to the present invention, located downstream of the stacked cones.

[0021] According to the present invention, a vacuum motor fan (11, 12) is operated to draw fluid into the separator and blow the fluid into a vortex generator (13), generating swirling vortices downstream of the separator. The vacuum motor fan can be implemented with both the motor and fan coupled together, or the motor can be separated from the fan and installed out of the fluid flow path to avoid damage to the motor due to contamination by the required fluid. The motor is installed out of the fluid flow path, and its rotational force is transmitted to the fan mounted between the fluid inlet and the vortex generator via a shaft fixed by a chassis and bearings.

[0022] For the fluid separator of the present invention to function more efficiently, a vortex generator that generates forced vortices through laminar swirling flow is preferred. There are various types of such devices, as described below.

[0023] Figures 3A, 3B, and 3C show a vortex generator comprising a fixed vane (300) with an aerodynamic surface (303) attached to the annular space between a cylindrical or conical tube hub (301) and a shroud (302). By covering the hub hole and restricting the fluid to pass only through the annular space, the fluid can be controlled to any desired flow velocity, including flow magnitude and direction, and the fluid passes through the fixed vane with a high-velocity component. The high-velocity tangential component of the flow, where the leading edge (304) of the fixed vane has a convex curvature and the blade spine (305) is curved with a convex curvature from the leading edge (304) to the trailing edge (306), can generate a deflecting Coanda effect. Fluid adheres and flows along the convex curved surface of the blade spine, increasing the thickness of the stator's concave surface (307) and reducing its concave curvature to reduce flow turbulence and promote flow adherence along the leading stator's convex curved surface. The stator's outer edge (308) is curved at a greater angle and longer than the stator's inner edge (309). The stator's trailing edge (306) is slightly curved downward, and the downward curved turning point (310) on the stator's outer edge curves to a lower altitude than the stator's inner edge (relative to the hub height), the downward curved turning point (311). The space between the stator's trailing edges (313) is narrower than the space between the stator's leading edges (312) to increase the stator's wake velocity, providing the stator with the aforementioned aerodynamic characteristics. The surfaces are mounted symmetrically around the hub, with the stator's broad sides mounted transversely in the annular space between the hub (301) and the shroud. The shroud (302) is bent concentrically in the longitudinal direction from the upstream side to the downstream side of the annular space, and at the downstream open end, the outer edges of the stators are bent a long distance below the inner edges of the stators. This creates a conical surface around the hub. The stators are attached in the direction of the blowing air of the vacuum motor fan so that the fluid driven by the vacuum motor fan can collide with the leading edges of the convex surfaces on the suction side of the stators. Due to the Coanda effect, the fluid is deflected along flow path A along the convex curved surfaces of the suction side of the stators, which are bent convexly from the upstream side to the downstream side of the stators. Vortices are generated by arranging the stators around the hub.As the fluid circulates around the hub along flow path B, it experiences a maximum vortex velocity at the outer edge and then decreases in the inner layers as a forced vortex, following an "acceleration gradient profile" (900). See Figure 9A. Because centrifugal force varies directly with vortex velocity, it reaches a maximum at the outermost layer and then decreases in the inner layers. As a result of the Coanda effect, the fluid adheres to surfaces and changes flow, generating laminar swirling flow. As shown in Figure 9B, which illustrates the dispersion of fluid particles when subjected to centrifugal forces generated by a forced vortex, fluid containing particles with higher densities is acted upon by the larger centrifugal force swirling in the outer layer and separated into layers, while fluid containing particles with lower densities is acted upon by the smaller centrifugal force swirling in the inner layer (901).

[0024] Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C show a guide vane vortex generator (400), which is a device with guide vanes (403) in the space between a cylindrical or conical tube hub (401) and an outer shroud (402). The hub holes (414) are closed so that fluid flows only through the annular space. The guide vanes are attached from upstream to downstream of the cylindrical or conical tube to generate vortices, and the wide sides of the guide vanes are attached transversely in the space between the cylindrical or conical tube hub (401) and the outer shroud (402). The long sides of the guide vanes are attached axially longitudinally from upstream to downstream and are concentrically curved transversely. The suction side (405) of the guide vanes is convexly curved from the tip (404) to the end, and the end (406) of the guide vanes forms a transverse concentric spiral twist. The outer edge (408) of the guide vane is bent down so that it is lower and longer than the inner edge (409) of the guide vane. The tip of the guide vane is slightly curved downward. The outer edge of the guide vane at the downward curve turning point (410) is lower (relative to the hub) than the inner edge of the guide vane at the downward curve turning point (411). Multiple guide vanes are individually stacked symmetrically around the hub of a cylindrical or conical tube with spaces between them, allowing the guide vanes to bend around the hub. The ends of the guide vanes are curved down and bent around the hub, and assembled to form a cone shape around the hub. When fluid flows through the space between the guide vanes, due to the Coanda effect, with multiple guide vanes symmetrically attached around the hub, the fluid is deflected to adhere to the convex curved surface of the guide vane along the arrows of streamline A. The flow from each guide vane relays each other, generating a swirling flow around the hub on the surface of the concentrically curved guide vane along the arrows of streamline B. Due to the concentric bending of the guide vanes, the outer edge of the guide vane is bent concentrically longer than the inner edge, and the outer edge of the guide vane is bent to a lower position than the inner edge. This generates a forced vortex, and the vortex speed reaches its highest value at the outermost layer of the vortex.Because centrifugal force varies directly with the vortex's velocity, the vortex's velocity decreases as it spirals toward the center of the vortex. Centrifugal force is highest at the outermost layer of the vortex and lower at the inner layer of the vortex. Larger fluids, with higher density particles affected by stronger centrifugal force, swirl in the outer layer, while smaller or lower density particles affected by weaker centrifugal force swirl in the inner layer. Because the generated vortex is a laminar swirling flow, fluid particles are distributed in layers according to their size and density, making them more susceptible to separation (Figure 9B).

[0025] Figures 5B and 5A show a vortex generator (500) that generates vortices based on the Coanda effect. The generated vortices are forced vortices due to laminar swirling flow. It is mounted behind a vacuum motor fan. The vortex generator is a conical or cylindrical transmission base (501) with an internal cavity (502) that includes a vortex generator fluid inlet (113) and a vortex generator fluid distribution chamber (114) attached to its periphery. Fluid is distributed into the transmission base's internal cavity through openings (503) symmetrically arranged around the vortex generator transmission base (115) shown in Figure 2. The wall of the transmission base introduces fluid into the transmission base's internal cavity, which serves as the vortex generating chamber. Next to the inner outlet opening is a convex curved surface (505) that curves toward the inner wall of the transmission base. The convex curved surface (505) next to the opening is mounted as the surface closest to the axis of emergence of the opening (a) compared to other surfaces around the opening (503). As the fluid passes through the opening (503), the Coanda effect causes the fluid to be deflected and adhere along the convex curved surface (505) on the side of the opening that curves towards the inner wall of the transmission base. The internal cavity of the transmission base is filled with fluid, and the wall partitions the pressure from the convex curved surface, resulting in the lowest surface pressure compared to other locations in the internal cavity, allowing the fluid to flow. When the fluid adheres along the convex curved surface (505) next to the opening, it is entrained and flows within the internal cavity of the transmission base, adheres along the convex curved surface (505) next to the opening, and curves toward the internal wall of the internal cavity of the transmission base along the arrow of streamline A. Because the internal wall of the transmission base has symmetrical openings (503) and their convex curved surfaces (505), fluid from each pair flows in a relay around the transmission base. The rotation of the internal wall of the transmission base generates a vortex along swirling line B in the internal cavity of the transmission base. Because the driving force is greatest at the exit of the opening adjacent to the convex curved surface, the vortex velocity is highest at the convex curved surface and gradually decreases as it spirals toward the center of the vortex as the driving force decreases, according to the acceleration gradient profile (900) shown in Figure 9A. Because centrifugal force varies directly with the velocity of the vortex, it is greatest in the outermost layer of the vortex. As the vortex moves toward the center, the centrifugal force gradually decreases, causing fluids containing larger or denser particles (heavier phases) to swirl in the outer layer, while fluids containing smaller or less dense particles (lighter phases) to swirl in the inner layer, due to the weaker centrifugal force. As shown in Figure 9B, the length of the vortex shedding chamber extends beyond the opening for a certain length, providing sufficient area to accelerate the vortex to a level where the fluid is clearly stratified before reaching the separation section. Because the vortex is generated by the Coanda effect, the swirling flow adheres as a laminar swirling flow along the convex curved surface next to the opening. This results in clear separation of the fluid into layers according to particle size and density (as a result of the lack of turbulence). Therefore, separation processing is easy.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 1A, the fluid separation section of the cyclone separator according to the present invention, including at least one stacked cone (15), is a truncated cone with both its upstream and downstream open ends axially attached behind the vortex generating chamber (14). The downstream open end of the first stacked cone (15) is enclosed by the downstream open end of the vortex generating chamber (14), and each cone is stacked separately. To provide a narrow space between the cones, at least one inter-cone space (16), and an internal cavity (27) formed by the downstream open end of the stacked cones axially attached behind the vortex generating chamber for use as a separation chamber, the cones can be stacked so that the downstream open end of the succeeding cone is set slightly forward of the downstream open end of the preceding stacked cone to form a conical internal cavity (27). The diameter of the internal cavity gradually decreases longitudinally for use as a separation chamber, and a cover cone is provided at the upstream open end or base of the stacked cones to cover the stacked cones. An open space is provided between the upstream open end of the coated cone and the stacked cone to serve as a collection channel (18) for fluid containing larger or denser particles (heavier phase) selected from the separation. The chamber and the space between the stacked cones include at least one space (16) between the cones. A cone shroud in the space between the stacked cones and a shroud (19) for the collection channel for fluid containing larger or denser particles serve as a surface settling region to facilitate the separation process. A reverse vortex promoting cone (23) is attached to the lower end of the fluid collection channel for larger or denser particles to promote a reverse vortex. An annular space (20) is provided between the reverse vortex promoting cone and the shroud (19) for collecting fluid containing larger or denser particles to serve as a separation space.At this vortex reversal point, the fluid containing larger particles adheres to the shroud of the collecting channel for the larger particles and swirls through the annular space (20), which is a space for separating the larger particles and the storage chamber (21) for the fluid containing larger or higher-density particles. A valve (22) is attached to the wall of the liquid storage chamber to discharge the fluid containing larger or higher-density particles from the storage chamber, and a portion of the fluid containing smaller particles swirls in the inner layer of the storage chamber. The vortex flows backward and upward along the reverse vortex promoting cone and enters the inlet (24) of the connecting channel (25), which is the space between the reverse vortex promoting cone and the vortex generator. The outlet (26) is connected to the fluid inlet (10) in front of the vacuum motor fan, which draws the fluid through the connecting channel (25) and recirculates it to the separation system.

[0027] The storage chamber for larger or higher density particles may be equipped with a spiral ramp to guide the sorted fluid containing larger or higher density particles downward through the storage chamber inlet, which is equipped with a check valve, to the storage chamber for larger or higher density particles. The flow direction of the check valve allows one-way flow into the storage chamber and does not allow backflow from the storage chamber. This is to prevent fluid particles in the storage chamber from being drawn out when the fluid separator is switched on. The bottom of the storage chamber may be equipped with an on-off valve (22) to allow fluid particles contained therein to be drawn out of the storage chamber.

[0028] FIG. 2 shows a separation section of a fluid separator according to the present invention, which includes a Coanda screen cone (117) with both upstream and downstream open ends, each with a hollow interior serving as an internal cavity (128) axially mounted for connection from a vortex generator. Further downstream from the chamber (116), below the downstream open end (131) of the Coanda screen cone, is an outlet (132) for removing the separated fluid from the fluid separator. As shown in FIG. 6A, the Coanda screen cone (600) is a cone with an upstream open end (601) and a downstream open end (602). The internal cavity of the Coanda screen cone functions as a separation chamber. The Coanda screen cone is comprised of a conical structure with a shroud covered by a wedge wire (603). As shown in FIG. 6B, the wedge wire is a wire with a triangular cross section. The wedge wire is attached longitudinally to the conical structure with a narrow space between the wedge wires (604). The wedge wires are wrapped around the cone, with the exception of equal spacing between them. The flat side of the wedge wire (b) faces inward, forming the inner cone shroud. The wedge wire at the acute angle of the triangle (h) faces outward, forming the outer cone shroud. Due to the curvature of the cone's circumference, the flat side of the trailing wedge wire (from the direction of fluid flow swirling within the cone) has a rise angle of w degrees from the flat side of the preceding wedge wire. This causes the flow path within the cone to flow from the flat side of the leading wedge wire toward the triangular side (h) of the trailing wedge wire, as shown by the solid flow lines. The vortex generator generates a larger centrifugal force, accelerating the vortex until the fluid particles in the vortex generating chamber are separated into layers based on their size or density. As a result, the fluid with larger particles or higher density (heavy phase) swirls in the outer layer, while the fluid with smaller particles or lower density swirls in the inner layer. The fluid with larger particles or higher density swirling in the outer layer attaches to the inner shroud of the cone, which is the flat side of the wedge wire, and swirls. Due to the curvature of the circumference of the cone, each subsequent wedge wire has a rise angle from the previous wedge wire.Due to the Coanda effect, the fluid flow that adheres along the surface passes directly through the space between the wedge wires (604), adheres to the flat side of the wedge wire outlet, and then adheres to the triangular side of the wedge wire (h). Due to the Coanda effect, the fluid flows out of the Coanda screen cone (600) along the shroud on the triangular side of the wedge wire, and the fluid with smaller or less dense particles in the inner layer of the vortex flows outward to replace the fluid with larger particles that have flowed out of the Coanda screen. Next, it adheres and flows along the inner cone shroud, which is the flat side of the next wedge wire (b), and then the flow crosses the space between the wedge wires (604) and leaves the Coanda screen cone (600) and adheres to the triangular side of the wedge wire (h). This separation process continues within the Coanda screen cone until the fluid swirls to the end of the cone (602). The fully separated fluid swirls within the cone and is discharged through the outlet for fluids containing smaller or less dense particles. As shown in Figure 2, the Coanda screen cone (117) is covered by a solid cone (119) with a space between the solid cover cone and the Coanda screen cone, which serves as a collection channel for fluids containing larger or denser particles (118). The fluid separated from the Coanda screen cone still has inertia, which causes it to swirl and adhere to the shroud of the cover cone (119), which serves as the collection channel for fluids containing larger or denser particles. A cone (123) for promoting reverse swirl is attached to the bottom of the collection channel for larger or denser particles, forming an annular space (120) between the cover cone shroud (119) and the reverse swirl promoting cone (123). This serves as a separation space. At the point where this vortex reverses, the large or dense fluid that adheres to the inner shroud of the cover cone, which is the shroud of the collector channel (119), and swirls, flows down through the annular space (120), which is the space used for separation, into the storage chamber (121) for the large or dense fluid.A shroud next to the storage chamber for fluid containing larger particles can be fitted with an on-off valve (122) for discharging the fluid containing larger particles from the storage chamber for fluid containing larger particles. A portion of the fluid containing smaller or less dense particles swirling in the inner layer swirls in the opposite direction along the reverse vortex-promoting cone (123) and enters the inlet (124) of the connecting channel (125), which is a fluid return space. The separation system returns to the outlet (126), connected to the fluid inlet (110) in front of the vacuum motor fans (111, 112). Before the fluid swirls downward into the annular separation space (120), the fluid swirling in the collection channel for fluid with larger or higher density particles is returned to the separation process to prevent the fluid from taking a shortcut to the connecting channel (125). This can be prevented by installing a shortcut flow prevention cone (127) over the reverse swirl promoting cone and leaving a space between the base of the shortcut flow prevention cone (127) and the shroud of the fluid collection channel. The higher density particles (119) cause the fluid containing the larger particles to swirl downward to the vortex reversal point. The fluid with larger or higher density particles is separated downward through the annular separation space (120) to a storage chamber for the fluid with larger or higher density particles. The fluid with smaller or higher density particles swirls backward along the reverse swirl promoting cone and is recycled to the separation process by suction through the connecting channel (125).

[0029] Figures 1A and 2 show the sorted fluid passing through a separation section, which is either at least one stacked cone (15) or Coanda screen cone (117), before being removed from the fluid separator at the outlet. For fluids containing smaller or lower-density particles (light phase), larger particles or higher-density fluids can be separated before the fluid is discharged from the last stacked cone (28) or Coanda screen cone. This more complete removal of smaller or lower-density particles from the fluid is achieved. A cylindrical tube (29, 129) is attached to the downstream open end of the last stacked cone or Coanda screen cone (28, 117). The downstream open end of the cylindrical tube is smaller than the end of the last stacked cone or Coanda screen cone (28, 117), and the end of the cylindrical tube is longer than the end of the cone. A space (30, 130) connects to the collection channel (18, 118) for fluids containing larger or higher-density particles. Here, a cone covers the last stacked cone. The shroud of the cover cone is connected to the end shroud of the cylindrical tube and the fluid collection channel shroud (19), or to a ceiling connected to the end shroud of the cylindrical tube and the fluid collection channel shroud (119). The annular space between the downstream open end of the cone and the cylindrical tube is a space for separating fluids containing larger or higher-density particles, which swirl around the outer layer and return to the fluid collection channel for fluids containing larger or higher-density particles (18, 118).

[0030] FIG. 1B illustrates the operation of a fluid separator according to the present invention, beginning with the vacuum motor fan (11, 12) drawing fluid through the fluid inlet (10) and introducing it into the vortex generator (13). The vortex generated by the vortex generator swirls within the vortex generator chamber (14) for a certain period of time, as indicated by the five arrows. In some cases, if the vortex generator chamber is conical, the vortex velocity accelerates longitudinally along the ever-decreasing circumference of the conical vortex generator chamber. The vortex swirls for a certain period of time, accelerating longitudinally along the ever-decreasing circumference. Therefore, the centrifugal force increases proportionally to the increase in velocity. The centrifugal force continues to act on the fluid. Therefore, the fluid is separated into distinct layers according to the size and density of the fluid particles. Fluids containing larger or denser particles (heavier phases) subjected to greater centrifugal force swirl in the outer layers of the vortex. The portion of the fluid containing smaller or less dense particles (lighter phase) is subjected to a smaller centrifugal force and swirls in the inner layer of the vortex. When the separation section of the cyclone fluid separator of the present invention is a stacked cone with a space between them, the swirling fluid in the vortex generation chamber separates into layers according to particle size and density and flows toward the fluid separation section, increasing the surface settling area between the cones and promoting separation. As the fluid swirls into the first space between the cones, the fluid containing larger or more dense particles (heavier phase) is thrown out by centrifugal force and attaches to the inner shroud of the second stacked cone (17) and swirls. The fluid containing smaller particles that was previously swirling in the inner layer swirls outward, replacing the outer layer, and attaches to the upper inner cone shroud and swirls, as indicated by the five-arrowed spiral line. Thus, the fluid containing larger particles is forced by the process described above and drawn from the fluid inlet through a connecting channel, which is connected to a collection channel for the fluid containing larger particles located at the upstream open end or bottom of the stacked cones, arranged in a spiral, and travels downward to the space between the cones (16), as indicated by the spiral line with four arrows.Centrifugal force from the vortex causes the fluid to swirl and adhere to the inner cone shroud, which covers the cone shroud (19), a fluid collection channel shroud for larger particles or higher-density fluids. This creates a surface settling region to promote separation. As the fluid swirls to the end of the fluid collection channel, the fluid containing larger or higher-density particles swirls downward through the annular space (20), a separation space located between the collection channel shroud (19) and the reverse swirl promoter cone (23), and reaches the fluid storage chamber along with the larger or higher-density particles (heavier phase) (21). While the fluid containing smaller or lower-density particles swirls in the inner layer, it counter-swirls upward along the reverse swirl promoter cone (23), as shown by the two-arrow spiral. Once the fluid reaches the tip of the cone, it swirls downward toward the inlet (24) of the connecting channel (25), which is the space between the counter-swirl-promoting cone (23) and the shroud of the vortex generator, as indicated by the single-arrow spiral. The fluid then separates again within the separation system through the outlet (26) of the connecting channel, which connects to the fluid inlet. The fluid inlet (10) is located in front of the vacuum motor fan (11, 12), and the suction force of the vacuum motor fan draws the fluid through the connecting channel. This suction force reduces the pressure in the collection channel (18) for fluids containing larger or higher-density particles. Thus, the fluid is drawn downward through at least one space (16) between the stacked cones to the collection channel (18) for fluids containing larger or higher-density particles and the collection channel for larger or higher-density fluids. The higher-density particles (18) are thin upstream and gradually thicken downstream (depending on the flow direction), effectively dispersing the suction force. Thus, the fluid passes through all spaces between the stacked cones and through at least one space (16) between the stacked cones without any shortcut flow.The fluid that had been flowing in the swirling inner layer from the vortex generation chamber now swirls outward, as indicated by the five-arrowed swirl line, and is released into the swirl that attaches to the inner shroud of the top stacked cone (17). The fluid then continues swirling past the downstream open end of the cone and then into the swirl that attaches to the inner shroud of the next stacked cone. The separation process described above is repeated depending on the number of spaces between the stacked cones, allowing for a large number of cones to be stacked in a limited longitudinal area after the vortex generation chamber. This separation process continues until the last cone in the stack. Because there is a large amount of space between the stacked cones, the inner shroud area of ​​the stacked cones is very large. Therefore, separation occurs at the open end of each cone, the inner cone shroud surface in the spaces between the cones, the cover cone shroud surface, which serves as the shroud for the collection channel for fluids with larger or higher density particles, and the annular space between the shroud for the collection channel and the reverse swirl-promoting cone, which serves as the separation space for fluids with larger or higher density particles. Thus, the separation device of the present invention provides continuous fluid separation, which is highly efficient, allowing the fluid to be fractionated to the required standard without the need for an additional filter as a final separation before the fluid is discharged from the separator.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1A and 2, if the separation section is a stack of cones, at least one space (16) is provided or distributed between the cones to distribute the suction force and completely draw the fluid through each space between the stacked cones. If the separation section is a Coanda screen cone, the suction force is distributed to completely draw the fluid into every gap between the wedge wires. A collection channel (18, 118) for fluids containing larger or denser particles is located at the upstream open end of the stacked cones or outside the Coanda screen cone, with the upstream portion of the collection channel being narrower than the downstream portion (upstream / downstream are described based on the direction of flow), and the width gradually increasing longitudinally.

[0032] The separation device of the present invention is compact and highly efficient because the generated forced vortices generate centrifugal force, clearly separating fluid particles into vortex layers according to particle size and density. Fluids with large particle sizes or high density vortices swirl in the outer layer, while fluids with small particle sizes or low density vortices swirl in the inner layer, facilitating separation. The large surface area of ​​the cone shroud, which is the surface subsidence area, allows multiple cones to be stacked in a limited space, facilitating separation. The separation section, i.e., the separation chamber, which is the axial cavity of the stacked cones, has multiple separation stages. Separation occurs due to vortexing within the axial cavity from one cone to the next, up to the last stacked cone. Separation occurs from vortexes that adhere to the cone shroud in the spaces between the stacked cones, and from vortexes that adhere to the cone shroud in the opposite direction, separating fluids containing larger or higher-density particles from the vortexes that adhere to the shroud in the collection channel. Therefore, fluids can be separated to meet requirements without additional filters. Therefore, the separator is less likely to clog and does not require frequent maintenance. It is therefore suitable for use as a domestic vacuum cleaner, in particular as a portable or handheld vacuum cleaner.

[0033] Figures 1A and 2 show a vacuum cleaner using a fluid separation device according to the present invention, which comprises two main parts: a pre-separation section (2, 102) used to separate large, elongated and fibrous impurities, and a fluid separation section, which is the fluid separator (1, 101) according to the present invention as described above. The preliminary separation section includes an inlet (3, 103) for impurities drawn in with the air, a vortex generator (4, 104), a vortex generation chamber (5, 105), and a vortex generation chamber shroud (6, 106). It also includes a storage chamber (8, 108) for large fibrous impurities, a storage chamber shroud (7, 107) for large fibrous impurities, a concave side shroud (9, 19) for the large fibrous impurities storage chamber adjacent to the inlet pipe for impurities drawn in with the air, a connecting passage (10, 110), and the fluid separator (1, 101) according to the present invention, and is axially connected to the vacuum cleaner handle (33, 133). The handle is a telescopic handle that is attached and extends axially from the outlet for the completely screened air and can be extended or retracted to suit working requirements.

[0034] The inlet for impurities drawn in with the air can be connected to a floor vacuum head (1000) as shown in Figure 10A, a round brush vacuum head (1001) as shown in Figure 10B, or a leading edge vacuum head (1002) as shown in Figure 10C.

[0035] The vortex generator used in the preliminary separation section for large impurities may be a conical or shallow circular dome type vortex generator.

[0036] Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C show a conical vortex generator (700), which is a conical transmission base (701). The hollow cone has an internal cavity (704) for fluid distribution and is connected to an impurity inlet through which impurities are drawn along with the air carrying the fluid through the cone base. If the conical transmission base is larger than the fluid inlet tube, the lower portion of the cone base, which is larger than the fluid inlet tube, is covered by a lower shroud connected to the fluid inlet, which directs the fluid flow into the conical transmission base. The cone shroud has an opening (702) that curves concentrically and penetrates through the cone to the outer cone shroud. The opening is located in a long channel attached to the base edge of the cone for a certain length. The opening space may be the same width throughout the opening. Multiple openings and their lateral convex curves are symmetrically arranged around the cone. The emergence axis of the opening (a) is adjacent to the opening's lateral convex curved surface (703), which is a surface that curves along the shape of the outer cone shroud. The opening's lateral convex curved surface (703) is the surface closest to the opening's emergence axis (a) compared to the surface surrounding the opening's emergence axis (a). The opening (702) is concentrically curved, and the opening's tail portion is curved or more concentrically curved than the head portion. The multiple openings and the opening's lateral convex curved surfaces are symmetrically arranged around the cone, and the arrangement of the openings defines the opening's emergence axis. The above-mentioned opening's lateral convex curved surface (703) deflects the fluid as it is drawn or driven through the openings due to the Coanda effect, causing the fluid to flow toward and along the opening's lateral convex curved surface (703). Even if the convex curved surface of the cone deviates beyond the emergence axis (a) of the opening, the fluid in the vortex generation chamber flows into the inside of the conical shroud outside the outer cone shroud, guiding the inflow of the fluid in the vortex generation chamber and adhering to and flowing along the convex curved surface (703) beside the opening along flow path A. By arranging the orifices symmetrically around the cone, the fluid flows in a relay around the cone, and a swirling flow is generated around the cone along flow path B. Due to the Coanda effect, in which the fluid adheres to the surface and flows, the generated vortex becomes a laminar swirling flow and does not cause turbulence.In a conical fluid distribution chamber, the space between the openings near the base of the cone narrows, forming openings that curve more concentrically at the tail, resulting in a vortex in the outer layer with a higher vortex velocity than the inner layer. This is a forced vortex type vortex. Because centrifugal force varies directly with vortex velocity, the centrifugal force in the outer layer is greater than that in the inner layer.

[0037] Figures 8A, 8B, and 8C show a vortex generator with a shallow circular dome (800). The shallow dome is the transmission base (801). The hollow dome has an internal cavity (804) used as a fluid distribution chamber connected to the impurity inlet. Impurities are drawn in along with the air that carries the liquid through the cone base. If the shallow circular dome is larger than the fluid inlet, a cover shroud is provided below the dome base, which is larger than the fluid inlet, to direct the fluid flow toward the shallow circular dome's transmission base. In the dome shroud, a concentric bent opening (802) penetrates from the inside of the dome to the outer shroud of the dome. This opening is in the form of a long channel that extends from the edge of the cone base to a certain point. The long channel opening does not extend to the center of the dome tip. The opening may have an equal width along its entire length. Multiple openings are symmetrically arranged around the circumference of a circular dome, with convex curved surfaces on the sides of the openings that curve along the dome's shape. The convex curved surfaces (803) on the sides of the openings are positioned as the surfaces closest to the opening's emerging axis (a) compared to other surfaces around the opening's emerging axis (a). The openings (802) are concentrically curved. The tails of the openings are more concentrically curved than the heads of the openings, and the convex curved surfaces on the sides of the multiple openings are symmetrically arranged around the shallow dome's shroud. When fluid is sucked or driven through the openings (802), the Coanda effect deflects the fluid flow, causing it to attach to the convex curved surfaces (803) on the sides of the openings along flow path A. The convex curved surfaces on the sides of the openings, symmetrically arranged around the dome's outer shroud, allow the flow to relay and flow, generating a swirling flow around the dome along flow path B. The tail of the opening is more concentrically curved than the head of the opening, the spacing between the openings is narrowest at the edge of the dome, and the swirl velocity reaches its highest value at the base edge of the shallow dome. The swirling velocity decreases toward the center of the circular dome. Therefore, the generated vortex is a forced vortex. Due to the Coanda effect, the fluid flow attaches to the convex curved surface (803) next to the opening, so the vortex becomes a laminar swirling flow. This prevents turbulence. Since centrifugal force varies directly with the velocity of the vortex, the centrifugal force in the outer layer is greater than that in the inner layer.

[0038] Figure 1A and Figure 2 show that the vortex generator chamber (5, 105) of the pre-separation section is a cavity outside the vortex generator (4, 104) derived from the cone covering the vortex generator, leaving a space between the cover cone and the vortex generator. The conical shroud (6, 106) covering the vortex generation chamber extends at a level lower than the base level of the vortex generator, and the opposite side of the shroud (9, 109) of the vortex generation chamber next to the fluid inlet forms a concave curve. When impurities are sucked through the vortex generator (4, 104) together with the air, the larger impurities, which are subjected to the strongest centrifugal force, swirl and attach to the vortex generation chamber shroud (6, 106), and then flow downward toward the large impurity storage chamber (8, 108). Because the lower shroud (7, 107) of the large impurity storage chamber narrows and the opposite shroud (9, 109) adjacent to the fluid inlet is concave, the impurities are forced to swirl in a loop within the large impurity storage chamber (8, 108) due to the inertial force of the vortex. The large impurity storage chamber can be removed from the vacuum cleaner to dispose of the impurities, but small impurities such as dust swirling in the inner layer of the vortex are drawn into the fluid separator of the present invention (1, 101) and flow into the separation system (1, 101) of the fluid separator of the present invention described above through the fluid inlet (10, 110).

[0039] The above-mentioned vacuum cleaner can be used not only as a household vacuum cleaner, but also for air filtration in air conditioners, air filters for internal combustion engines, dust filtration and fluid separation in the industrial field, etc. To improve separation efficiency, an additional vacuum fan can be installed on the same axis as the main vacuum fan installed between the fluid inlet of the fluid separator and the vortex generator, and the additional vacuum fan can be installed at the fluid inlet of the preliminary separation section and the vortex generator to increase the suction and discharge power so that the device can function fully. When an additional vacuum fan is installed at the fluid inlet of the pre-separation section, the vortex generator may be a vortex generator with fluid guide vanes or a vortex generator with fixed vanes that generate vortices. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0040] The best mode of the present invention is the same as that disclosed in the detailed description of the invention.

Claims

1. 1. A cone stack cyclone separator having stacked cones (1) comprising a fluid inlet (10), a vacuum motor fan (11, 12) mounted between the fluid inlet and a vortex generator (13), a vortex generator (13), a vortex generating chamber (14) connected behind the vortex generator, and a separating section axially connected behind the vortex generating chamber, the separating section including an internal cavity (27) formed by the downstream open ends of the stacked cones, the separator comprising: at least one space (16) between the stacked cone shapes; a collecting channel (18) for fluids with larger or higher density particles attached to the upstream open ends of the stacked cone shapes; a reverse swirl promoting cone shape (23) attached to the lower end of the collecting channel for fluids with larger or higher density particles; The cone stack cyclone separator includes an annular space (20) for fluid separation, which is an annular space between the shroud of the collection channel for fluids with larger or higher density particles and the reverse swirl promoting cone, and further includes a storage chamber (21) for fluids with larger or higher density particles attached behind the annular space for separation, a fluid connecting channel (25) connected between the collection channel for fluids with larger or higher density particles and the fluid inlet, an inlet (24) of the connecting channel located at the end of the reverse swirl promoting cone, an outlet (26) of the connecting channel located beside the fluid inlet, and an outlet (32) for fluids with smaller or lower density particles attached behind the downstream open end of the last stacked cone.

2. A cone stack cyclone separator having a Coanda screen cone as the main device of the separation process (101), a fluid inlet (110) and a vacuum motor fan (111,112), and a vortex generating chamber (116) attached behind the vortex generator. The Coanda screen cone (117) as the main device of the separation process is axially connected behind the vortex generating chamber. The Coanda screen cone is a truncated cone with both upstream and downstream open ends, and consists of a conical structure with a shroud around which a wedge wire (603) is wound. The wedge wire is a wire with a triangular cross section and is longitudinally fixed to the conical structure with narrow spaces (604) between the wedge wires. The flat side (b) of the wedge wire faces inward to form an inner cone. The wedge wire at the sharp end of the triangle (h) faces outward from the cone. The curvature of the circumference of the Coanda screen cone forms the flat side of the subsequent screen cone. The wedge wire (based on the flow direction) is wound around the preceding wedge wire. The wire has a flat side and a rising angle, and the space between the cover cone and the Coanda screen cone has a collection channel (118) for fluids containing larger or higher density particles, a reverse swirl promotion cone (123) attached to the lower end of the collection channel for fluids containing larger or higher density particles, and an annular space for fluid separation (120), which is an annular space between the shroud of the collection channel for fluids containing larger or higher density particles and the reverse swirl promotion cone, a storage chamber for fluids with larger or higher density particles attached behind the annular space for separation, and a fluid connecting channel (125) connected between the collection channel for fluids with larger or higher density particles (121) and a fluid inlet, the connecting channel inlet (124) is at the end of the reverse swirl promotion cone (123), the connecting channel outlet (126) is located next to the fluid inlet, and the outlet for fluids containing smaller or lower density particles (132) is attached behind the downstream open end of the Coanda screen cone, a cyclone separation method. ,

3. A vacuum cleaner comprising a cone stack cyclone separator having stacked cones according to claim 1, a preliminary separation section (2) used for separating coarse impurities and having an impurity inlet through which air is sucked, and a vortex generator (4). The stack cyclone separator has a vortex generation chamber (5), a large impurity storage chamber (8), and a vortex generation chamber of the preliminary separation section connected to the fluid inlet (10) of the cone, and the stack cyclone separator having stacked cones according to claim 1.

4. 3. A method for separation according to claim 2, comprising a cone stack type cyclone separator having a Coanda screen cone as a main device, and a preliminary separation section (102) used for separating coarse impurities, the preliminary separation section having an impurity inlet through which air is sucked, the preliminary separation section comprising a vortex generating device (104), a vortex generating chamber (105), and a large impurity storage chamber (108), wherein the vortex generating chamber is connected to a fluid inlet (110) of the cone stack type cyclone separator having a Coanda screen cone as a main device.

5. The vortex generator (300) with fixed blades comprises a fixed blade having an aerodynamic surface (303) attached to the annular space between a hub and an outer shroud of a cylindrical or conical tube, the space at the hub (314) being such that fluid passes only through the annular space, the leading edge (304) of the fixed blade is curved to a certain degree convexly, the spine side fixed blade (305) is curved convexly along its entire length to the trailing edge (306) of the fixed blade, the concave curved surface (307) of the fixed blade has a constant thickness, the outer edge (308) of the fixed blade is curved at a larger angle and extends longer than the inner edge (309) of the fixed blade, the fixed blade is curved slightly downward at the trailing edge (306) of the fixed blade, the lower end of the curved outer edge (310) of the fixed blade is curved to a height lower than the height of the lower end of the curved inner edge (311) of the fixed blade, and the space between the trailing edges (313) of the fixed blades is curved to a height lower than the height of the lower end of the curved inner edge (311) of the fixed blade, the space between the leading edge (312) of the fixed blade The fixed blades are attached to the cylindrical or conical tube shroud with their long sides attached from the upstream side of the annular space between the hub and the shroud of the conical tube, and the cylindrical or conical tube is bent concentrically in the axial direction on the downstream side of the cylindrical or conical tube. The fixed blades are attached according to the direction and degree of blowing of the vacuum motor fan, and the fluid is driven to collide with their convex spine sides. A plurality of fixed blades (303) are attached symmetrically around the hub in the annular space between the hub and the shroud of the cylindrical or conical tube at their leading edges.

6. A guide vane (403) mounted in the annular space between the hub and the shroud of a cylindrical or conical tube is a vortex generator having a guide vane (400), the broad side of the guide vane is mounted laterally, the long side of the guide vane is mounted longitudinally in the annular space between the hub and the shroud of the cylindrical or conical tube, concentrically curved from upstream to downstream around the hub, while the dorsal side of the guide vane is concentrically curved from upstream to downstream around the hub, the guide vane (405) is convexly curved from the tip (404) to the end (406) of the guide vane, the end (406) of the guide vane is concentrically curved laterally and slightly downwardly curved, and the outer edge (40 8) is curved more greatly and extends longer than the inner edge (409) of the guide vane, the downwardly curved end of the outer edge (410) of the guide vane is curved downward to a height lower than the downwardly curved end of the inner edge (411) of the guide vane, the space between the trailing edges (413) of the guide vanes must be narrower than the space between the leading edges (412) of the guide vanes, the guide vanes are mounted in accordance with the blowing direction and blowing degree of the vacuum motor fan so that the fluid collides with the spine side of the leading edge of the guide vane, which is the convex curve of the guide vane, and multiple guide vanes are mounted symmetrically around the hub within the annular space between the hub and a cylindrical or conical shroud.

7. A vortex generating device (500) that generates vortices using the principle of the Coanda effect, comprising a transmission base (501) having a conical or cylindrical shape, the interior of which is a hollow internal cavity (502) according to the conical or cylindrical shape of the transmission base. A vortex generator including a fluid inlet (113), a fluid distribution chamber (114), an opening (503) extending from the outside of the transmission base to the internal cavity, a convex curved lateral surface (505) of the opening that curves toward the inner shroud of the transmission base, and a convex curved lateral surface of the opening that is closest to the exit axis (a) of the opening compared to other surfaces around the exit axis, and a plurality of side surfaces of the opening and the convex curved lateral surface of the opening are symmetrically attached around the periphery of the transmission base.

8. The cone-shaped vortex generator (700) has a cone-shaped transmission base (701), a hollow cone-shaped internal cavity (704) of the transmission base, and a fluid inlet (3, 103) connected below the conical base of the transmission base, and generates a vortex around the outer surface of the cone. The conical internal cavity (704) is a fluid distribution chamber, and an opening (702) attached to the conical shroud penetrates from the inside of the cone to the outside of the cone, with the opening's emergence axis (a) adjacent to the cone's outer shroud. The opening is a long channel extending from the base rim to a certain extent, and the opening curves concentrically, with the tail of the opening curved more concentrically than the head of the opening on the side closer to the tip of the cone. A convex curved surface (703) beside the opening is part of the shroud surface of the conical transmission base. The convex curved surface (703) bends closest to the emergence axis of the opening compared to other surfaces around the axis. The multiple openings and the convex curved surfaces are arranged symmetrically around the shroud of the conical transmission base.

9. The vortex generator includes a shallow dome (800) that generates a vortex around the shallow dome (800). The shallow dome includes a transmission base (801), the interior of which is hollow to correspond to the shape of the shallow dome, and an internal cavity (804) of the transmission base. The vortex generator includes a fluid inlet (3, 103) connected to the base of the shallow dome, which is the transmission base. The internal cavity (804) of the shallow dome is a fluid distribution chamber. An opening (802) is attached to a dome shroud that penetrates from the inside of the dome to the outside of the shallow dome, and the emergence axis (a) of the opening is adjacent to the outer shroud of the shallow dome. The opening is a long channel extending upward from the base rim. To a certain extent, the opening is concentrically curved, with the tail of the opening near the dome base being more concentrically curved than the head of the opening near the dome tip, and the opening has a convex surface on the side. The convex curved surface (803) of the opening, which is part of the shroud surface of the shallow dome transmission base, is the surface closest to the injection axis of the opening compared to other surfaces around it. The injection axis of the opening, the plurality of openings, and the convex curved surface of the opening are symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the shallow dome transmission base.

10. A cone stack cyclone separator having stacked cones according to claim 1, comprising a vortex generator with fixed vanes according to claim 5.

11. A cone stack cyclone separator having stacked cones as claimed in claim 1, comprising a vortex generator having guide vanes as claimed in claim 6.

12. 10. The cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 1, further comprising a vortex generator that generates vortices based on the principle of the Coanda effect according to claim 7.

13. A cone stack cyclone separator having a Coanda screen cone as a main device for the separation process as set forth in claim 2, and equipped with a vortex generator with fixed vanes as set forth in claim 5.

14. A cone stack cyclone separator having a Coanda screen cone as a main device for the separation process as set forth in claim 2, and equipped with a vortex generator with guide vanes as set forth in claim 6.

15. A cone stack cyclone separator having a Coanda screen cone as a main device for the separation process described in claim 2 and a vortex generator that generates vortices based on the principle of the Coanda effect described in claim 7.

16. 11. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 3, comprising a cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 10.

17. 12. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 3, comprising a cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 11.

18. 13. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 3, comprising a cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 12.

19. 11. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 4, comprising a cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 10.

20. 12. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 4, comprising a cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 11.

21. 13. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 4, comprising a cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 12.

22. 22. The vacuum cleaner according to claim 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21, wherein the preliminary separating section comprises a vortex generating device having a conical shape that generates a vortex around the outer surface of the cone according to claim 8.

23. 22. The vacuum cleaner according to any one of claims 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, wherein the pre-separation section has a shallow dome-shaped vortex generator that generates a vortex around the dome as described in claim 9.

24. The cone stack cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, further comprising an opening / closing valve attached next to the shroud at the bottom of the storage chamber for fluids having larger or denser particles for transferring the fluid (21, 121) containing larger or denser particles from the storage chamber.

25. The cone stack cyclone separator with a Coanda screen cone as the main separation device described in claim 2 also includes a shortcut flow prevention cone (127) that prevents shortcut flow of fluid swirling in a larger fluid collecting channel. Alternatively, higher density particles (118) swirl directly into a connecting channel (125) located at the end (123) of the reverse vortex promoting cone connected between the fluid collecting channels. Larger particles are separated using the fluid inlet (110) of the fluid separator before flowing into the annular space (120) used for separation. Here, the shortcut flow prevention cone opens a space at the base of the cone, allowing fluid in the collecting channel containing larger particles or higher density particles to flow into the annular separation space.

26. 3. The cone stack cyclone separator according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical tube (29, 129) having both an upstream and downstream open end is attached to an outlet (31, 131) at the end of the separation chamber, the diameter of the cylindrical tube being smaller than the diameter of the downstream open end of the last stacked cone (28) or the downstream open end of the Coanda screen cone (117), and the annular space between the cylindrical tube and the last stacked cone or the Coanda screen cone is intended to be used as the annular separation space (30, 130). To separate the outer layer swirling fluid, which is the fluid containing the last large or higher density particles, before discharging the remaining fully separated fluid out of the separation device through the outlet (32, 132), the end of the cylindrical tube is higher than the downstream end of the last stacked cone or Coanda screen cone and is covered with a cone or ceiling, leaving space for the discharge of the separated fluid into a collection channel for returning the fluid containing the larger or higher density particles (18, 118) back to the separation system.

27. The cone stack cyclone separator of claim 1 or 2 has collection channels (18, 118) for fluids with larger or denser particles, the channels narrowing upstream and gradually widening longitudinally downstream (upstream / downstream being defined based on the direction of flow). Suction force from a vacuum or fan can be distributed via connecting channels (25, 125) between the collection channels for the fluids. The larger or denser particles (18, 118) and the fluid inlet (10, 110) draw in a fluid and swirl it through at least one space between the stacked cones (16), or the spaces (604) between the wedge wires of the Coanda screen cones thoroughly downstream from upstream to downstream to a collection channel for fluid containing larger or denser particles, where the fluid can be completely separated from sediment through the spaces between the wedge wires or through the surface sedimentation region, which is the space between the wedge wires of the Coanda screen cones.

28. 3. A vacuum motor fan to be installed between the fluid inlet and the vortex generator of a cone stack type cyclone separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fan blades and the fan motor are installed separately, and the blades are installed at the same position between the fan blades and the fan motor, and the motor is equipped with a structure for transmitting rotational force to the vanes (11, 111) via a shaft to separate the motor from the fluid flow path, thereby separating the fluid inlet (10, 110) from the vortex generator (13, 115) and preventing contamination by the fluid to be separated or preventing the motor from getting wet when the liquid is separated.

29. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the vortex generating chamber of the preliminary separator is conical in shape, so that large impurities can be separated by centrifugal force from the vortex generating device, and the impurities collide with and fall against a shroud of the conical vortex generating chamber (6, 106) that extends below the bottom surface of the vortex generating device. It is arranged downwards towards the storage chamber (8, 108) for large impurities, and the storage chamber shroud (7, 107) narrows at the bottom, and the impurities are drawn into the inlet side of the storage chamber shroud (9, 109) along with the air. Due to the inertial force of the vortex, it curves concavely towards the base of the vortex generator, and the large impurities and air swirl towards the storage chamber shroud (7, 107), attach to the chamber shroud near the fluid inlet (9, 109), and curve concavely towards the bottom of the container. The vortex generator generates a vortex, and the large impurities collide with the shroud of the conical vortex generator, creating a vortex in the storage chamber, causing the large impurities to swirl in a loop within the storage chamber, trapping the large impurities within the storage chamber (8, 108), vacuum cleaner,

30. 5. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 3 or 4, having a handle (33, 133) that is extendable and retractable to suit working requirements.

31. 5. The vacuum cleaner according to claim 3 or 4, which can be connected with a floor vacuum head (1000) or a circular brush head (1001) or a cutting-edge vacuum head (1002) for sucking impurities together with air through the fluid inlet (3, 103).

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