Power supply using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor

Abstract

A power supply device using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor is provided to supply power to a load that requires an initial instantaneous large current for rapid startup, such as an engine starter motor for an automobile. [Solution] The power supply device 100 of the present invention uses both a battery unit 110 and a supercapacitor 120 to supply power to a load 10 during operation, and the supplied power includes an initial, instantaneous, large current for quickly starting the load 10. When charging is required, an external charging power supply unit 20 can be used to charge the battery unit 110 and the supercapacitor 120. In automotive applications, the power supply device 100 of the present invention can replace a conventional lead-acid battery and supply power with an initial, instantaneous, large current to the starting motor of an automotive engine, allowing the starting motor to generate stronger and more rapid acceleration force and start the engine quickly.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to power supply technology, and in particular to a power supply device that uses a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor to supply power to a load that requires a large initial instantaneous current for quick startup, such as a starting motor for an automobile engine. [Background technology]

[0002] Automobiles are a widespread form of transportation and are typically powered by gasoline-based engines. Traditionally, to start an automobile engine, a starter motor combined with a lead-acid battery is used to ignite and start the automobile engine. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] However, the use of lead-acid batteries to power automobile engine starter motors has the disadvantage that they discharge and charge slowly, providing only a small amount of current the first time the battery is connected to a load. As a result, the initial current required to drive the starter motor is small, resulting in slow starting of the automobile engine.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the automotive industry is seeking a solution that can be used to provide a large initial momentary current to a starting motor of an automobile engine, enabling the starting motor to generate a stronger and more rapid initial acceleration force to quickly start the automobile engine.

[0005] The main object of the present invention is to provide a viable solution to the above-mentioned problems, that is, to provide a solution to the above-mentioned problems that can replace traditional lead-acid batteries and can be used to power an automobile engine starting motor with a large initial instantaneous current, thereby enabling the starting motor to generate a stronger and more rapid initial acceleration force and start the engine quickly.

[0006] However, in general terms, the power supply device using the battery unit integrated with the supercapacitor according to the present invention is not limited to application to an automobile engine starting motor, but can be used to supply power to any type of load that requires a large initial instantaneous current for rapid starting. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] Basically, the power supply device using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to the present invention includes: (a) a battery pack; (b) a supercapacitor; (c) a switch unit; (d) a bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit; (e) a first voltage detection unit; (f) a second voltage detection unit; and (g) a main control unit.

[0008] In operation, a power supply device using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to the present invention continuously monitors whether a load or an external charging power supply unit is activated. When the load is activated, the power supply device according to the present invention is triggered to operate in a discharging mode, thereby supplying power to the load. Meanwhile, when the external charging power supply unit is activated, the power supply device according to the present invention is triggered to operate in a charging mode, thereby allowing the external charging power supply unit to provide a charging voltage for charging both the battery unit and the supercapacitor.

[0009] When the load is started, the power supply apparatus of the present invention is triggered to respond by performing a discharge control procedure, and the switch unit is switched to an on state, and at the same time, the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit is switched to a forward buck mode, so that the supercapacitor passes through the switch unit to supply an initial instantaneous large current to the load, and at the same time, the battery pack passes through the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit to supply power to the load.

[0010] Meanwhile, when the external charging power source is started, the power supply device of the present invention is triggered to respond by executing a charging control procedure, and the switch unit is switched to an ON state; At the same time, the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit is switched to a reverse boost mode, so that the external charging power supply unit can supply charging power to the supercapacitor through the switch unit and supply charging power to the battery unit through the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit.

[0011] In the above-mentioned discharge mode, the power supply device of the present invention enables the supercapacitor to supply an initial instantaneous large current to the load through the switch unit, and at the same time enables the battery unit to supply a stable current to the load through the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit.

[0012] Meanwhile, in the above-mentioned charging mode, the power supply device of the present invention allows the external charging power supply unit to supply charging power to the supercapacitor through the switch unit, and at the same time allows the external charging power supply unit to supply charging power to the battery unit through the charging channel of the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] In conclusion, the present invention provides a power supply device that uses a battery unit integrally combined with a supercapacitor to supply power to a load, and is characterized in that the supplied power includes an initial high instantaneous current. When charging is required, an external charging power supply unit can be started to simultaneously charge the supercapacitor and the battery unit. Therefore, the present invention proposes a solution to the problems described in the background art, and can be used to replace traditional lead-acid batteries and supply power with an initial high instantaneous current to an automobile engine starter motor, thereby enabling the engine starter motor to generate stronger and faster acceleration force and enable quick starting. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing an application example of a power supply device using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to the present invention when connected to a load and an external charging power supply unit; [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of application of a power supply device using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to the present invention to an automobile; [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic structure of a battery-supercapacitor power supply device of the present invention; [Figure 4A] FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing the charge / discharge characteristics of a lithium battery. [Figure 4B] FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing the charge and discharge characteristics of a supercapacitor. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the circuit architecture of one embodiment of a bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit used in the present invention. [Figure 6A] 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation mode of the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit of FIG. 5 when set to a standby power mode. [Figure 6B] 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit of FIG. 5 when switching to forward buck mode. [Figure 6C] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit of FIG. 5 when switching to a backward boost mode; [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating steps performed by a main control unit utilized by a power supply device using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor in accordance with the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the technical contents and embodiments of the power supply device using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to the present invention will be disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a power supply device of the present invention, represented here by a box designated by the reference numeral "100." As shown in FIG. 1, in a practical application, the power supply device 100 of the present invention is connected to a load 10 and an external charging power supply unit 20. The load 10 is a load that requires a large instantaneous current, particularly at the initial start when powered on, and needs to start quickly, such as a starting motor used to start an automobile engine. The power supply device 100 of the present invention can be recharged using the external charging power supply unit 20 when it runs out of power.

[0017] FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the power supply device 100 of the present invention is applied to an automobile 30. The automobile 30 is driven by an engine 40 that includes a starter motor 41 and a generator 42. The starter motor 41 is used to start and ignite the engine 40 when the automobile 30 is started. Once the engine 40 is started, it can also drive the generator 42 to generate electricity. In this embodiment, the power supply device 100 of the present invention is used to supply power to the starter motor 41, while the electricity generated by the generator 42 can be used to recharge the power supply device 100 of the present invention. That is, the starter motor 41 shown in FIG. 2 functions as the load 10 shown in FIG. 1, and the generator 42 functions as the external charging power supply unit 20 shown in FIG. 1.

[0018] However, more generally, power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention is not limited to use in automobile 30 shown in FIG. 2 to power starter motor 41, but can be used to power any type of load that requires a large initial instantaneous current for rapid starting.

[0019] 3 shows the architecture of the power supply device 100 of the present invention, which includes: (a) a battery unit 110, (b) a supercapacitor 120, (c) a switch unit 130, (d) a bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140, (e) a first voltage detection unit 151, (f) a second voltage detection unit 152, and (g) a main control unit 160. Each of these components of the power supply device 100 of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0020] The battery unit 110 is, for example, a rechargeable lithium battery pack and can be used to supply DC voltage. The output terminal of the battery unit 110 is connected to a first node N1, which is connected to a second node N2 via a bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140. The second node N2 is connected to an output port of the power supply device 100 of the present invention, which is externally connected to the load 10. FIG. 4A is a waveform diagram showing the discharge and recharge characteristics of a typical lithium battery functioning as the battery unit 110. From this diagram, it can be seen that a lithium battery has the disadvantage of being unable to supply a large current at the initial moment of connection to the load 10, but can only slowly supply a small amount of current. However, an advantage of a lithium battery is its large storage capacity, which allows it to continuously supply power for a long period of time, usually several hours.

[0021] The supercapacitor 120, also known as an ultracapacitor, is a special type of capacitor with a capacitance much larger than that of a typical capacitor, defined herein as a capacitance of 0.1 Farad (F) or greater. The supercapacitor 120 is connected to a second node N2 externally connected to the load 10 and the external charging power supply unit 20 via a switch unit 130. During operation, when the switch unit 130 is switched to an on state, the supercapacitor 120 can supply a large initial instantaneous current to the load 10 via the switch unit 130. FIG. 4B is a waveform diagram illustrating the discharge and recharge characteristics of the supercapacitor 120. From this diagram, it can be seen that the supercapacitor 120 has the advantage of being able to supply a large initial instantaneous current when first connected to the load 10. Furthermore, during charging, the supercapacitor 120 can be very quickly charged to its full capacity. However, a drawback of the supercapacitor 120 is that it can only supply power for a very short time, typically only a few seconds.

[0022] The switch unit 130 is connected between the supercapacitor 120 and the second node N2, and its on / off state is controlled by a switch control signal SW sent from the main control unit 160. When the switch unit 130 is switched to an on state, the supercapacitor 120 is connected to the second node N2, allowing the supercapacitor 120 to supply an initial instantaneous large current to the load 10 via the switch unit 130. On the other hand, when the switch unit 130 is switched to an off state, the supercapacitor 120 is disconnected from the load 10. In practice, for example, the switch unit 130 can be implemented by an electromechanical relay, a solid-state relay (SSR), or a transistor-based electronic switch.

[0023] The bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 has two ports (P1 and P2), where the first port P1 is connected to a first node N1 and the second port P2 is connected to a second node N2. The bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 is controlled by the main control unit 160 to switch the electrical conduction path from P1 to P2 between two channels, such as a discharge channel 140A and a recharge channel 140B. Therefore, the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 can switch between two operation modes: (1) a forward buck mode via the discharge channel 140A and (2) a reverse boost mode via the recharge channel 140B. In forward buck mode, the first port P1 functions as an input terminal, the second port P2 functions as an output terminal, and the output voltage of the battery unit 110 at the first node N1 is discharged to the load 10 through the discharge channel 140A of the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140. On the other hand, in reverse boost mode, the second port P2 functions as an input terminal, and the first port P1 functions as an output terminal, so that the output power of the external charging power supply unit 20 can be used to charge the battery unit 110 through the recharge channel 140B of the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140. Switching between these two operating modes is controlled by a charge / discharge control signal CH / DISCH_CTRL from the main control unit 160.

[0024] In an embodiment, for example, the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 can be realized by a four-transistor voltage boost / down conversion circuit shown in FIG. 5, which is composed of a first transistor (Q1) 141, a second transistor (Q2) 142, a third transistor (Q3) 143, a fourth transistor (Q4) 144, and an inductor 145.

[0025] During actual operation, the voltage step-up / step-down converter circuit shown in Figure 5 includes three operating modes: (1) a standby power supply mode shown in Figure 6A, (2) a forward buck mode shown in Figure 6B, and (3) a reverse boost mode shown in Figure 6C. All three operating modes are switchably controlled by main control unit 160.

[0026] 6A, the transistors (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) are switched by the control signals (OFF, ON, ON, OFF), respectively, so that the battery unit 110 can supply a small amount of current. This operation mode is used to set the power supply device 100 of the present invention in standby mode when the load 10 and the external charging power supply unit 20 are not in use. In this standby power mode, the battery unit 110 supplies a small amount of current for use in standby mode via the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140, and the power supply device 100 of the present invention can continuously detect and monitor whether the load 10 or the external charging power supply unit 20 is started for use.

[0027] 6B, in the forward buck mode, the transistors (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) are respectively switched by control signals (PWM, PWM, ON, OFF), where PWM is a pulse train used for pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the voltage drop operation. The forward buck mode is initiated when the power supply device 100 of the present invention is operating in a discharge mode, whereby the output voltage of the battery unit 110 at the first node N1 is output to the second node N2 through a voltage drop operation and supplied to the load 10.

[0028] 6C, the transistors (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) are switched by the control signals (OFF, ON, PWM, PWM), respectively, where PWM is a pulse train used for pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the voltage boost operation. The reverse boost mode is initiated when the power supply device 100 of the present invention operates in the charging mode, whereby the output voltage of the external charging power supply unit 20 received at the second node N2 is boosted and output to the first node N1 for charging the battery unit 110.

[0029] The circuit configurations and operations shown in FIG. 5 and FIGS. 6A to 6C are conventional techniques and will not be described in detail below.

[0030] The first voltage detection unit 151 is connected to a first node N1 between the battery unit 110 and the first port P1 of the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140, and detects and monitors the voltage status of the first node N1. The detected voltage status signal is V N1 , which is first converted to digital form and then transferred to the main control unit 160 for further processing.

[0031] The second voltage detection unit 152 is connected to a second node N2 between the second port P2 of the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140 and the load 10, and detects and monitors the voltage status of the second node N2. The detected voltage status signal is V N2 , which is first converted to digital form and then transferred to the main control unit 160 for further processing.

[0032] The main control unit 160 is used to control the discharging and charging operations of the power supply device 100 of the present invention. In operation, when the load 10 or the external charging power supply unit 20 is started, the main control unit 160 starts and responds by executing the discharging and charging control procedure shown in Figure 7. In this control procedure, the main control unit 160 detects two voltage status signals (V N1 , V N2 ), thereby generating and outputting a switch control signal SW to the switch unit 130 and a charge / discharge control signal CH / DISCH_CTRL to the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140 to switchably control the discharge and recharge operations of the battery unit 110 and the supercapacitor 120. The control procedures performed by the main control unit 160 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 7. In a specific embodiment, the main control unit 160 is a microprocessor, for example, an embedded microprocessor, or a customized or programmable logic circuit, for example, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a programmable logic array (PLA), or a programmable array logic (PAL).

[0033] The operation of the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the flow diagram of Figure 7. Figure 7 shows a series of steps performed by the main control unit 160 to control the discharge and recharge operations of the battery unit 110 and the supercapacitor 120.

[0034] In operation, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention includes two operating modes: a discharge mode and a recharge mode. In the discharge mode, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention uses the battery unit 110 and the supercapacitor 120 to supply power to the load 10, and in the recharge mode, the power supply apparatus 100 uses the external charging power supply unit 20 to supply power for recharging the battery unit 110 and the supercapacitor 120.

[0035] When neither the load 10 nor the external charging power supply unit 20 is operating, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention is set to a standby mode, in which the switch unit 130 is set to an off state and the supercapacitor 120 is disconnected from the load 10.

[0036] During operation, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention continuously detects and monitors whether the load 10 or the external charging power supply unit 20 is started. When the load 10 is started, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention is started to operate in a discharging mode, thereby allowing the battery unit 110 and the supercapacitor 120 to supply power to the load 10; while when the external charging power supply unit 20 is started, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention is started to operate in a charging mode, thereby allowing the external charging power supply unit 20 to supply power for charging the battery unit 110 and the supercapacitor 120.

[0037] When the power supply device 100 of the present invention is started, the main control unit 160 executes the discharge / charge control procedure shown in FIG. 7, which includes the following steps:

[0038] In step 0 (S0), the main control unit 160 performs system initialization.

[0039] In step 1 (S1), the main control unit 160 sets the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 to a standby power supply mode, as shown in Figure 6A, so that the battery unit 110 can supply a small amount of current through the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140. This small current is used as standby mode power, which allows the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention to operate in standby mode and continuously detect and monitor whether the load 10 or the external charging power supply unit 20 is started.

[0040] In step 10 (S10), the main control unit 160 detects two voltage state signals (V N1 , V N2 ) and keep monitoring, where V N1 is the voltage state of the first node N1 connected to the battery unit 110, and V N2 is the voltage state of the second node N2 connected to the load 10. The main control unit 160 then outputs two voltage state signals (V N1 , V N2 ) as follows: (V N1 =V N2 ), the main control unit 160 remains in a standby state and outputs a voltage status signal (V N1 , V N2 ) and continues to monitor (V N1 >V N2 ), the main control unit 160 is executing step 20 (S20), (V N1 <V N2 ), the main control unit 160 executes step 30 (S30).

[0041] In step 20 (S20), the main control unit 160 initiates the discharge control procedure.

[0042] In step 21 (S21), the main control unit 160 outputs a switch control signal SW to turn on the switch unit 130. When the switch unit 130 is turned on, it connects the supercapacitor 120 to the second node N2, thereby establishing a conductive path that allows the supercapacitor 120 to supply power to the load 10 through the switch unit 130.

[0043] In step S22, the main control unit 160 outputs a charge / discharge control signal CH / DISCH_CTRL to the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140, which switches the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 to operate in forward buck mode, as shown in Fig. 6B. This allows the battery unit 110 to operate in discharge mode, and the output voltage of the battery unit 110 at the first node N1 is transmitted to the load 10 via the discharge channel 140A of the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140.

[0044] In step 23 (S23), the main control unit 160 outputs two voltage status signals (V N1 , V N2 ) and keep monitoring and checking (V N1 =V N2 ) is true. If not, the switch unit 130 remains on and the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 remains in forward buck mode. N1 =V N2 ) becomes true, the procedure proceeds to the next step 24 (S24).

[0045] In step 24 (S24), the main control unit 160 disables the charge / discharge control signal CH / DISCH_CTRL to disable the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140, and disconnects the battery unit 110 from the load 10.

[0046] In step 25 (S25), the main control unit 160 outputs a switch control signal SW to turn the switch unit 130 off, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the supercapacitor 120 and the load 10.

[0047] In step 26 (S26), the main control unit 160 ends the discharge procedure and then returns to step 1 (S1).

[0048] Meanwhile, in step 30 (S30), the main control unit 160 initiates a recharge control procedure.

[0049] In step 31 (S31), the main control unit 160 outputs a switch control signal SW to turn on the switch unit 130. When the switch unit 130 is turned on, it connects the supercapacitor 120 to the second node N2, thereby establishing a conductive path that allows the supercapacitor 120 to supply power to the external charging power unit 20 via the switch unit 130.

[0050] In step 32 (S32), the main control unit 160 outputs a charge / discharge control signal CH / DISCH_CTRL to the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140, thereby switching the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 to operate in reverse boost mode, as shown in Fig. 6C, so that the battery unit 110 can operate in charging mode, and the output voltage of the external charging power supply unit 20 is received at the second node N2 and transmitted to the battery unit 110 via the recharge channel 140B of the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140, thereby charging the battery unit 110.

[0051] In step 23 (S23), the main control unit 160 outputs two voltage status signals (V N1 , V N2 ) and keep monitoring and checking (V N1 =V N2) is true. If not, the switch unit 130 remains on and the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit 140 remains in reverse boost mode. N1 =V N2 ) becomes true, the procedure proceeds to the next step 34 (S34).

[0052] In step 34 (S34), the main control unit 160 disables the charge / discharge control signal CH / DISCH_CTRL to disable the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140, and disconnects the battery unit 110 from the external charging power supply unit 20.

[0053] In step 35 (S35), the main control unit 160 outputs a switch control signal SW to turn the switch unit 130 off, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the supercapacitor 120 and the external charging power supply unit 20.

[0054] In step 36 (S36), the main control unit 160 ends the recharging procedure, after which the procedure returns to step 1 (S1).

[0055] In the power supply device 100 of the present invention, through the discharge procedure from step 20 (S20) to step 26 (S26), the supercapacitor 120 first supplies an initial large current to the load 10 through the switch unit 130, and then the battery unit 110 supplies a stable current to the load 10 through the discharge channel 140A of the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140.

[0056] Meanwhile, the power supply device 100 of the present invention enables the external charging power supply unit 20 to supply a recharging voltage through the recharging procedure from step 30 (S30) to step 36 (S36), and this recharging voltage is transmitted to the supercapacitor 120 via the switch unit 130 and simultaneously transmitted to the battery unit 110 via the recharging channel 140B of the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit 140.

[0057] When the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention is in an idle state, i.e., when neither the load 10 nor the external charging power supply unit 20 is started, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention is set to a standby mode and continuously detects and monitors whether the load 10 or the external charging power supply unit 20 is started. When the load 10 or the external charging power supply unit 20 is started, the power supply apparatus 100 of the present invention responds by starting the main control unit 160 to execute the control procedure shown in FIG.

[0058] In conclusion, the present invention provides a power supply device that uses a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor, and is characterized in that the power supplied includes an initial instantaneous large current. When charging is required, an external charging power supply unit can be started to supply charging power to both the supercapacitor and the battery unit. The present invention is a solution to the problems described in the background art, and can be used to supply an instantaneous large current to an automobile engine starter motor in place of a conventional lead-acid battery, allowing the engine starter motor to generate stronger and more rapid acceleration force and enable quick starting.

[0059] The present invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments. However, it is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar variations. Accordingly, all such modifications and variations are within the scope of the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 10 Load 20 External charging power supply unit 30 Automobiles 40 Engine 41 Starting motor 42 Generator 100 Power supply using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor 110 Battery Unit 120 Supercapacitor 130 Switch unit 140 Bidirectional Voltage Buck / Boost Conversion Unit 140A Discharge Channel 140B Charging Channel 141 First transistor (Q1) 142 Second transistor (Q2) 143 Third transistor (Q3) 144 Fourth transistor (Q4) 145 Inductor 151 First voltage detection unit 152 Second voltage detection unit 160 Main Control Unit N1 First node N2 Second node

Claims

1. A power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor, connected to a load (10) and an external charging power supply unit (20), used to supply power to the load (10) and charged by the external charging power supply unit (20), comprising: (a) a battery unit (110) for supplying a battery voltage; (b) a supercapacitor (120) for providing a supercapacitor function; (c) a switch unit (130) for switchably connecting the supercapacitor (120) to the load (10); (d) a bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit (140) connected between the battery unit (110) and the load (10) and configured to operate in a forward buck mode or a reverse boost mode, such that the forward buck mode is used when the battery unit (110) operates in a discharging mode, and the reverse boost mode is used when the battery unit (110) operates in a recharging mode; (e) a first voltage detection unit (151) connected to a first node (N1) connected between the battery unit (110) and the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140), for detecting and monitoring a voltage state at the first node (N1); (f) a second voltage detection unit (152) connected to a second node (N2) connected between the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140) and a load (10) via a battery unit (110), for detecting and monitoring a voltage state at the second node (N2); (g) a main control unit (160) configured to receive the voltage state signals detected by the first voltage detection unit (151) and the second voltage detection unit (152) when the load (10) or the external charging power supply unit (20) is started up, and to control the discharge and recharge of the battery unit (110) and the supercapacitor (120); When the load (10) is started, the main control unit (160) starts by executing a discharge control procedure, and the switch unit (130) is switched on, while the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit (140) is switched to a forward buck mode, thereby allowing the supercapacitor (120) to supply an initial instantaneous large current to the load via the switch unit (130), and thereafter allowing the battery unit (110) to supply power to the load (10) via the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit (140).

2. 2. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein when the external charging power supply unit (20) is started, the main control unit (160) is started to execute a charging control procedure, the switch unit (130) is switched to an on state, and the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140) is switched to a reverse boost mode, so that the external charging power supply unit (20) can simultaneously supply a charging voltage to the supercapacitor (120) via the switch unit (130) and to the battery unit (110) via the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140).

3. 2. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the load (10) is an engine starting motor of an automobile.

4. 2. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the external charging power supply unit (20) is a generator driven by an automobile engine.

5. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the battery unit (110) is a rechargeable lithium battery.

6. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the supercapacitor (120) has a capacitance greater than 0.1 Farad (F).

7. 2. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the switch unit (130) is an electromechanical relay, a solid-state relay (SSR), or a transistor-based electronic switch.

8. 2. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140) is a four-transistor type boost / buck circuit.

9. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit (160) is an embedded microprocessor.

10. 2. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit (160) is selected from the group consisting of an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), a PLA (Programmable Logic Array), and a PAL (Programmable Array Logic).

11. 2. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140) is set to a standby power supply mode upon initialization, and a battery unit (110) can supply power for the standby power supply mode via the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140).

12. A power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor, connected to a load (10) and an external charging power supply unit (20), used to supply power to the load (10) and charged by the external charging power supply unit (20), comprising: (a) a battery unit (110) for supplying a battery voltage; (b) a supercapacitor (120) for providing a supercapacitor function; (c) a switch unit (130) for switchably connecting the supercapacitor (120) to the load (10); (d) a bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit (140) connected between the battery unit (110) and the load (10) and configured to operate in a forward buck mode or a reverse boost mode, such that the forward buck mode is used when the battery unit (110) operates in a discharging mode, and the reverse boost mode is used when the battery unit (110) operates in a recharging mode; (e) a first voltage detection unit (151) connected to a first node (N1) connected between the battery unit (110) and the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140), for detecting and monitoring a voltage state at the first node (N1); (f) a second voltage detection unit (152) connected to a second node (N2) connected between the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140) and a load (10) via a battery unit (110), for detecting and monitoring a voltage state at the second node (N2); (g) a main control unit (160) configured to receive the voltage state signals detected by the first voltage detection unit (151) and the second voltage detection unit (152) when the load (10) or the external charging power supply unit (20) is started up, and to control the discharge and recharge of the battery unit (110) and the supercapacitor (120); When the load (10) is started, the main control unit (160) starts by executing a discharge control procedure, and switches the switch unit (130) to an ON state, while the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit (140) switches to a forward buck mode, so that the supercapacitor (120) can supply an initial instantaneous large current to the load through the switch unit (130), and then the battery unit (110) can supply power to the load (10) through the bidirectional voltage buck / boost conversion unit (140); When the external charging power supply unit (20) is started, the main control unit (160) is activated to execute a charging control procedure, the switch unit (130) is switched to an on state, and the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140) is switched to a reverse boost mode, so that the external charging power supply unit (20) can simultaneously supply charging voltage to the supercapacitor (120) via the switch unit (130) and to the battery unit (110) via the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140).

13. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the load (10) is an engine starter motor of an automobile.

14. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the external charging power supply unit (20) is a generator driven by an automobile engine.

15. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the battery unit (110) is a rechargeable lithium battery.

16. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the supercapacitor (120) has a capacitance greater than 0.1 Farad (F).

17. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the switch unit (130) is an electromechanical relay, a solid-state relay (SSR), or a transistor-based electronic switch.

18. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the bidirectional voltage step-down / step-up conversion unit (140) is a four-transistor type boost / buck circuit.

19. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the main control unit (160) is an embedded microprocessor.

20. 13. The power supply device (100) using a battery unit integrated with a supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the main control unit (160) is selected from the group consisting of an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), a PLA (Programmable Logic Array), and a PAL (Programmable Array Logic).

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