Method for producing a binder using thermal energy and method for drying panels produced using the binder in a drying device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coupled method comprising, in a first device (100), a method for producing or processing a binder using thermal energy, and in a second device designed as a drying device (1), a method for drying panels produced using the binder, wherein the waste heat produced by said first device is recovered via at least one heat recovery means and at least partially supplied to said second device, where said heat is used to dry said panels.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a coupled method comprising a method for producing a binder using thermal energy in a first device and a method for drying panels produced using the binder in a second device designed as a drying device, wherein the waste heat produced by the first device is recovered via at least one heat recovery means and at least partially supplied to the second device, where it is used to dry the panels. [Background technology]

[0002] During calcination, building materials or binders, especially calcium-containing minerals, are heated in the presence of air or in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to dehydrate or condition the minerals. One example of a calcination method is lime burning, which produces water, calcium oxide, and carbon dioxide as decomposition products. Calcination methods for magnesite and dolomite are similar. In gypsum production, crystal water is extracted from calcium sulfate dihydrate. Clay and pottery firing also releases bound water while sintering the particles together. Calcination is also used in the production of cement and aluminum oxide; rotary kilns are often used for calcination. Binders used in finished building material mixes or panels are also prepared for use by heating in rotary kilns.

[0003] The device for calcination is referred to below as kiln. In the sense of the present invention, kiln is understood to be any type of device suitable for calcination, such as, for example, an indirectly heated rotary kiln, an indirect cooker, a steam-heated kiln, or even a conventional hammer or roller bowl mill if converted to electrical heating.

[0004] All calcination methods require high energy consumption and high temperatures: for example, in the case of calcined clay, temperatures exceeding 800°C are reached; for gypsum, temperatures between 150°C and 400°C are used. See, for example, WO2012 / 028251 A1.

[0005] In addition to energy consumption, the firing process typically requires that the minerals being fired be actively cooled.

[0006] On the other hand, when drying architectural panels, such as gypsum panels, gypsum fiber panels, cement boards, and other building material panels, a problem arises in that fuel, i.e., primary energy, is required to heat the drying air, for example, using a burner or a heating register, and electrical energy, i.e., secondary energy, is required to supply the air, using a fan. The use of both primary and secondary energy must be reduced to enable more energy-efficient production of the above-mentioned panels.

[0007] DE 26 13 512 A1 discloses a drying process in a drying device, in which low primary energy consumption is achieved by utilizing the heat of condensation of exhaust air. This method is designed with two stages. In the first drying stage, drying is performed at high temperature and humidity, and in the second drying stage, at low temperature and humidity, thereby increasing the drying efficiency of the first stage by two to three times that of the second stage. The second drying stage is heated using a heat exchanger from the exhaust air of the first drying stage. In both stages, drying air is supplied in a recirculation manner: in the first drying stage, in the form of longitudinal ventilation, and in the second drying stage, in the form of cross-flow ventilation with a large recirculation mass flow rate. However, the second stage requires a large recirculation mass flow rate and therefore high secondary energy consumption.

[0008] The task is to reduce the total energy consumption in the production of building panels, and in particular to make the use of thermal energy more economical and environmentally friendly.

[0009] According to the present invention, this task is solved as specified in patent claim 1.

[0010] Thanks to the present invention, it is possible to reuse the thermal energy from the firing or conditioning of building materials in order to reduce the total energy consumption in the production of building panels.

[0011] According to the invention, the waste heat generated in the first device is recovered via at least one heat pump and at least partially delivered to the second device, where it is used to dry the panels.

[0012] According to the present invention, a large portion of the thermal energy is delivered to at least one heat pump, which further transfers the thermal energy to lines that are directly or indirectly connected to at least one part or area of ​​the drying device.

[0013] Compared to the method proposed in patent application DE 10 2022 000 627.8, the residual energy requirements of the dryer are significantly reduced, preferably by half. The front area of ​​the dryer can be realized with a lightweight construction of its shell, which saves on material costs.

[0014] Advantageous further developments result from the dependent claims and the present description, in particular in conjunction with the drawings.

[0015] The invention is particularly used in conjunction with a kiln that supplies thermal energy to a drying device. Typically, according to the invention, the same building materials are prepared, heated, or prepared for a subsequent manufacturing process in the kiln, with which panels are manufactured in a further device, which are then dried in a drying device using at least part of the exhaust heat from the first device; however, the invention does not exclude the possibility that different building materials or binders are processed, heated, or dried in the first and second devices.

[0016] The calcination furnace is designed, for example, as a rotary kiln that is heated directly or indirectly. Alternatively, a cooker can be used, which may also be heated directly or indirectly; steam may be used for heating. Conventional hammer mills and roller mills may also be used for calcination. If a hammer mill or roller mill is converted, a high degree of efficiency is achieved.

[0017] The invention therefore relates to a coupled method in which building materials or insulating materials or binders are treated while being heated in a first device designed as a rotary kiln, and the waste heat from the rotary kiln is fed to at least one heat recovery means, from where it is then fed to a second device.

[0018] Preferably, the coupled method is characterized in that heat is recovered by said at least one heat recovery means in at least one heat pump, which is located in the immediate vicinity of the first device and is a high temperature heat pump since the inlet temperature of the air leaving the first device is already very high and is raised to even higher values ​​by the heat pump.

[0019] Heat is transferred from the heat pump to a second device via at least one heat exchanger.

[0020] Preferably, the gypsum or cement clinker is burned in a rotary kiln and the panels comprising the gypsum or cement clinker are dried in a second device.

[0021] It is also advantageous if the gypsum or cement panels are produced in an intermediate process from gypsum heated in a rotary kiln or from cement clinker heated in a rotary kiln, and if the gypsum or cement panels are dried in a second device. Thus, the present invention also includes using a portion of the heat lost in the first device for the intermediate production process or production stage preceding the use of heat in the second device, i.e., the drying device.

[0022] If the heated air from the heat recovery means is fed into a second device designed as a drying device, the energy input into the second device is significantly reduced, for example, it is possible to use the heat recovery means to provide 50% to 100% of the energy for the second device.

[0023] In a special embodiment of the invention, energy, for example in the form of heated air, is supplied to at least one front part of the second device relative to the panel transport direction.

[0024] Preferably, the method according to the invention is characterized in that the panels pass through a first stage (A) and a second stage (B) in the drying device, each of the two stages (A, B) having a floor, the panels are arranged on a surface formed in each floor and are passed through the drying device on each of the floors of the two stages (A, B), the panels are dried in the first stage (A) by contact with high-temperature dry air and in the second stage (B) by using lower-temperature dry air, the panels are heated in at least the first stage by a heat exchanger, a heat pump, a wet separator, hot air generated directly by a burner, by hot steam, by thermal oil, indirectly by electricity or by low-grade heat, and at most one means is provided for recovering the heat supplied to the panels in the second stage. Preferably, the front and rear parts of the second device have the same number of floors.

[0025] According to the invention, the combined method ensures that the panels are dried by circulating air at least in the first stage. At high temperatures ranging between 90 and 160 ° C, preferably between 120 and 140 ° C, the air absorbs so much moisture that the dew point is between 60 and 99 ° C, preferably between 75 and 90 ° C; thus, it is possible to convert a large amount of water into a liquid state by cooling the air saturated with water vapor, recovering the enthalpy of the phase transition through condensation in a heat exchanger in the area of ​​the second device.

[0026] Preferably, the method is characterized in that the panel is dried at least in the area of ​​the first stage (A) at least substantially by use of a nozzle box.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the panel is dried in a second stage (B) by dry air at a temperature between 20°C and 90°C.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the exhaust air from the first stage (A) is fed into a heat exchanger (31) for preheating the dry air of the second stage (B).

[0029] It has been found to be advantageous if the panel is first dried in a pre-drying stage upstream of the first stage (A), then in the first stage (A) and finally in the second stage (B).

[0030] It is also advantageous if the panels are transported through the section (2) of the stages (A, B) using a separate conveyor device for each stage (A, B).

[0031] In a further embodiment, the panel is introduced in the second stage (B) in a greater number of layers than in the first stage (A); the stages (A, B) may, for example, proceed above or next to each other.

[0032] When drying panels, particularly building panels containing cement and gypsum, the panels are contacted with heated air as they are conveyed through the dryer.

[0033] Dry air can be supplied using a nozzle box equipped with nozzles in the form of longitudinal ventilation, cross-flow ventilation, or cross-flow ventilation. In longitudinal ventilation, dry air is supplied at one end of the dryer, or at one end of a section if it is divided into sections, and discharged at the opposite end.

[0034] In cross-flow ventilation, air is supplied at several points on the side of the dryer and discharged on the opposite side, allowing for more intensive drying within the dryer. In particular, intensive drying is achieved with cross-flow ventilation through nozzles through nozzle dryers with turbulent airflow.

[0035] Preferably, the panels are dried in the first stage A with dry air at a temperature between 90°C and 1600°C, but in other embodiments of the invention, moderate temperatures are also selected within the range between 120°C and 140°C. The selection of a low temperature allows gentle drying of the panels, which prevents the formation of anhydrite within the panels.

[0036] When the panels are dried in the first stage A within these temperature ranges, the hot air will absorb a large amount of moisture, and preferably the temperature and circulation rate of the air are selected so that the dew point of the hot air is in the range between 60°C and 99°C.

[0037] The drying section of the first stage A has, for example, either cross-flow ventilation without a nozzle box or longitudinal ventilation. In a preferred embodiment, stage A is heated at least partially, for example by 50%, indirectly via a heat pump.

[0038] In the first stage, ventilation is performed, particularly using recirculated air for each zone. Preferably, the first stage is of lightweight construction, whereby the individual drying zones have side walls and a top cover, but do not require their own floors, since they are built directly on the screed of the factory hall. Preferably, the drying zones of the first stage do not have nozzle boxes, which contributes to a very simple and inexpensive design. Preferably, the first drying zones of the first stage, for example the first five drying zones of the first stage, are equipped to receive heat from at least one heat pump and / or heating register. Preferably, all drying zones of the first stage, or at least the first drying zone, each are equipped with fans for generating cross-flow air, while the hot air generated by the high-temperature heat pump is passed longitudinally through the first stage, and preferably also through the second stage. In several locations, the drying device preferably includes fans or nozzles and chimneys for removing moisture-saturated air.

[0039] Advantageously, exhaust air from the first stage A drying process may be recycled by passing it through a heat exchanger to preheat the drying air of the second stage B.

[0040] An even higher efficiency of the drying method according to the invention can be realized if the panels are first dried in a pre-drying stage upstream of the first stage A, then in the first stage A, and finally in the second stage B.

[0041] Preferably, the panels are transported through stages A and B using separate conveyor devices for each stage A, B and / or for each section. Alternatively, the conveyor devices are driven by direct drive motors or are at least partially connected to each other using gearboxes.

[0042] The present invention provides a dryer for drying panels in first and second stages A, B, each of which is equipped with a conveyor device for transporting the panels arranged in layers through the dryer, the first stage (A) having at least one section, the first stage A having a feeding device, a discharging device and a recirculation duct, as well as conveying means and a heating device for recirculated air, and means for supplying supply air and means for discharging exhaust air, and the second stage B is equipped to receive the panels from the first stage A and is equipped with a feeding device for dry air, a discharging device for dry air and a heating device.

[0043] It is also an object of the present invention to provide a plant for carrying out the linked method described above.

[0044] According to the invention, this task is solved by the fact that the plant comprises at least a first device for producing a binder using thermal energy and a second device for drying building materials or insulating materials or panels produced using the binder, and thermal energy can be transferred from the first device to the second device using a heat pump.

[0045] Advantageous further developments of the plant are evident from the dependent claims.

[0046] Preferably, the first device is a kiln for baking gypsum or cement, and the second device serves to dry panels manufactured using building materials or insulating materials or binders, and the first plant is connected to the second plant via at least one heat pump.

[0047] It is also advantageous if the calcination furnace is a rotary kiln for drying gypsum and if the second device is a panel dryer for drying gypsum panels.

[0048] Preferably, the panel dryer has drying zones for drying the panels in a first stage (A) and a second stage (B), wherein the first stage (A) has at least one drying zone, the first stage being heatable in recirculation mode, and the second stage (B) is equipped to receive the panels from the first stage (A) and is a device for fresh air ventilation.

[0049] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first stage has several drying zones which can be heated by the heat pump or additionally by at least one heat exchanger, or by at least one heater, by means of a heat pump, by means of a wet separator, by means of hot steam, by means of thermal oil, or by hot air generated indirectly by electricity or by means of low-grade heat.

[0050] In another embodiment, it is advantageously provided that at most a single heat pump is provided for recovering heat that may be supplied to the panels in the second stage.

[0051] The panels are dried in each of the two stages at a rate and temperature that ensures rapid throughput of the panels through the dryer while making efficient use of energy.

[0052] This optimizes both primary and secondary energy usage: in particular, the primary energy used is kept low by also utilizing the heat of condensation of the exhaust air, without waste heat and increasing secondary energy requirements by circulating a large air mass.

[0053] In particular, high conveying capacities for circulating air are avoided in the second stage so that this dryer has only low secondary energy consumption.

[0054] Preferably, the dryer housing is fitted with one door per dryer section. Preferably, the dryer does not have its own floor, especially in stage B, but is built on a screed in the factory hall.

[0055] Dryers in which the first and second stages A, B each comprise at least one section and are equipped with means for circulating air transversely to the direction of conveyance of the panels are advantageous.

[0056] For design reasons, the first stage A of the dryer is in another advantageous embodiment divided into sections, which are at least partially equipped with nozzle boxes for cross-flow ventilation using hot air impingement.

[0057] It is advantageous to provide the second stage B of the dryer with means for causing circulating air to flow against and / or in the direction of conveyance of the panels.

[0058] In a further advantageous embodiment of the dryer, the second stage B is provided with induction means for spiral induction of the recirculating air, or at least one discharge fan in combination with at least one recirculation fan. Auxiliary induction means are provided, for example in the form of baffles.

[0059] Preferably, the drying device comprises at least one heat exchanger.

[0060] A roller conveyor or a conveyor belt is preferably provided as a conveying device for transporting the panels to be dried within the dryer.

[0061] In stage B, the exhaust air from stage A, which is highly saturated with water vapor, passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to such an extent that some of the water vapor condenses. The ambient air thus heated is fed to stage B.

[0062] If dry air is directed in countercurrent to the exhaust air from stage A passing through the heat exchanger, the cooler dry air will encounter the already cooled exhaust air. This ensures that as much water vapor contained in the exhaust air as possible is condensed, further improving the utilization of primary energy. The more intensive use of primary energy leads to considerable savings in primary energy through the use of the heat of condensation.

[0063] Overall, Stage B dries at a maximum efficiency half that of Stage A.

[0064] Each stage A and B is equipped with a conveyor device for transporting the panels arranged in layers through the dryer. The dryer can be designed as a roller conveyor dryer or a belt dryer, whereby the conveyor device has multiple roller conveyors or conveyor belts arranged above and below each other. The shelves are spaced apart by 100 mm to 200 mm, preferably 120 mm, especially in the rear section. Stages A and B preferably have the same number of shelves for holding the panels to be dried; a large number of shelves, for example at least 20 shelves, is desirable, although the number of shelves can of course be greater. The small distance between the multiple shelves results in a very compact and therefore cost-saving design of the dryer. Since the number of shelves in the two stages A and B is preferably the same, it is not necessary to provide a separate transfer area between the shelves.

[0065] The panel dryer according to the present invention can be constructed in a compact manner; it is not necessary to provide a base panel for the dryer; rather, it is sufficient if the side walls of the dryer are placed directly on the floor of the factory building, without the need to lay an additional base panel for the dryer.

[0066] Additional heating devices may be introduced into stage B for additional transient loading.

[0067] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to one embodiment. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0068] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall structure of a combined arrangement with a first device designed as a rotary kiln and a second device designed as a drying device for drying building panels. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a detailed view of the first device. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a detailed view of a second device. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a flow chart for the manufacture of gypsum plaster panels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0069] The dryer 1 (FIG. 1) is supplied with heat energy from a firing furnace 101 having a rotary kiln 100 via a high-temperature heat pump 120.

[0070] The rotary tube kiln 100 (FIG. 2) comprises a rotary tube 102 rotated by a drive gear 104 driven by a motor 103. A burner 105 generates hot air, which is delivered to the interior of the rotary tube 102 through a tube 106a located upstream of the rotary tube 102 and a chamber 106; here, it heats and dehumidifies gypsum or other binders, such as cement or building materials, which are introduced into the rotary tube 102 in powder form via a rotary valve 107 as a raw gypsum delivery device. The rotary tube 102 is provided with outlets or inlets 108, 110, for example, constituted by rotary feedthroughs, through which hot air or flue gases are discharged or cooling air is supplied. In particular, flue gases escape through the chamber 106, a flue gas exhaust fan 106b, and a downstream chimney 106c. Cooling air is supplied through inlet 110; after being heated in the rotary tube 102, the cooling air is delivered through outlet 108 and fan 113 and through fan 113b back to the burner 105 as combustion air. Air is delivered through outlet 111 in chamber 106 and through fan 112 to chimney 113a.

[0071] The burned gypsum is removed from the rotary tube 102 either directly via the outlet 109, the downstream rotary valve 115 and the transport screw 115a, or via a cooling device or dust filter 114 and a further rotary valve 116 downstream of the rotary tube 102. Together with the building material, a significant proportion of hot air is also discharged from the rotary tube in this way, in particular via dust extraction fans 117, 118. The fan 118 is connected downstream of the filter 119. The hot exhaust air is then fed to a heat pump 120. From the filter 119, the plaster is fed via a rotary valve 119a to the transport screw 115a.

[0072] Thermal energy is extracted by a heat pump 120 via a coolant from the warm exhaust air conducted via a fan 118. The cooled exhaust air is then discharged via a chimney 120a.

[0073] Thermal energy is transferred from the heat pump 120 via the refrigerant and / or from the steam turbine via a heating register or heat pump to the heat exchanger 121 and from there to the dryer 1 .

[0074] For this purpose, line 120b conducts a fluid, for example water, from the heat pump to heat exchanger 121. Heat exchanger 121 is connected to line 122 and to a refrigerant circuit having a compressor, for example piston compressor 122a, for compressing the fluid of the refrigerant circuit, which serves as the refrigerant; the refrigerant is delivered via line 122 to heat exchanger 125, a steam generator, for generating steam used to heat the panels in dryer 1. Dryer 1 is therefore connected to a steam circuit with vapor compression. The refrigerant circuit with compressor forms the first heat pump stage, while the steam circuit represents the second heat pump stage.

[0075] Compressor 127 is disposed in line 126 through which steam is delivered as a heat transfer medium to dryer 1. Condensate drain or separator 129 is disposed in line 128 through which cooled steam is returned to heat exchanger 125. Cooled hot air is returned from dryer 1 to heat exchanger 125 via line 128. Control valve 126a is also disposed in line 126.

[0076] The dryer 1 (FIG. 3) comprises two stages A and B for drying panels which are fed to the dryer 1 in the direction of the arrow C. These panels are in particular building panels, for example gypsum cardboard panels or gypsum fiber panels.

[0077] Each of the two stages A and B is preferably divided into several sections 2. This is particularly true for section A, in which additional heat exchangers 12 are arranged, connected to lines 126 and 128, respectively, and which serve to heat using steam; alternatively, coolant from a heat pump may be used. As an additional means of generating heat in section 2 of stage A, burners 12a are provided in all or some of section 2 of stage A, which may be used redundantly. This generates temperatures in section 2 of stage A of up to 160°C.

[0078] Preferably, stage A has a pre-drying section 3 on the inlet side. Pre-drying stage 3 is supplied with ambient air heated in heat exchanger 4 via supply line 6 equipped with closable flap 5; this ambient air supply not only heats the panels but also serves to seal stage A against other air flows into stage A and against the intrusion of outside air.

[0079] Via a pipe 7 branching from the supply pipe 6, fresh air, wet steam, or refrigerant heated using a heat exchanger is distributed to individual pipes 9, 10, and 11. From these, the fresh air reaches heating devices 12, 13, and 14, which are arranged, for example, in a ceiling box above the nozzle box. As shown in FIG. 1, heating devices or heating registers 12-14 are each assigned to two sections 2 of stage A. It should be understood that other assignments may be made in other embodiments. For example, in another embodiment, one heating device is provided per section. The heating devices 12-14 are preferably direct heating devices such as burners or indirect heating devices such as steam or electric heaters. At least one recirculation fan 15-18 is provided within section 2, or together for each section, to generate a cross-flow of heated air within section 2 as recirculated air. Alternatively, two recirculation fans 15-17 are provided for each section 2.

[0080] Stage B is also supplied with outside air heated by heat exchanger 4. Pipes 19 to 24 are used for this purpose. Of these, pipes 19, 21 and 23 are each provided with a control flap 25, 26 and 27, respectively.

[0081] At the inlet of Section 2, air entering Section 2 from pipes 19-24 is heated by heating devices 29-31. Heating devices 29-31 are switched on when additional heating energy is needed; this is the case when the system is started up, insufficient heat is still being provided from Stage A, and heat exchanger 4 is not yet receiving any warm exhaust air, or when not receiving enough warm exhaust air from Stage A. Heating devices are also needed when the system is shut down and insufficient warm air is being supplied from Stage A to the inlet to Stage B. Heating devices 29-31 may be used if the panels to be dried have a higher moisture content than expected or when changing between different panel formats, which can lead to a lack of heat energy in Stage B. Heating devices 29-31 are therefore provided specifically for transient loads in Stage B.

[0082] It will be appreciated that depending on the length of stage B, multiple lines for supplying air, in particular hot air from heat exchanger 4 or another heat exchanger, may be provided to recover the enthalpy of evaporation of the water evaporated from the panels.

[0083] Just like the recirculation fans, exhaust fans 32, 33 are distributed throughout the length of stage B, of which only exhaust fans 32, 33 are shown by way of example. Moist air is removed from stage B via these and chimneys 34, 35. In addition, an exhaust fan 36 is also provided at the end, along with a chimney 37.

[0084] Internal heat exchangers may be provided in both stages A and B, for example above the nozzle box in stage A in a ceiling box provided for this purpose, or above the conveyor device in stage B, similarly in a ceiling box.

[0085] Heat exchanger 4 is connected to section 2 of stage A via exhaust duct 38 and central exhaust duct 39. Via exhaust ducts 38, 39, warm, moisture-saturated air is delivered via exhaust fan 40 to heat exchanger 4, where it condenses its moisture and releases it to the environment as water via chimney 42.

[0086] The heat exchanger 4 draws in outside air via an outside air fan 41. A heating register 43 is provided between the outside air fan 41 and the heat exchanger to utilize the heat of condensation.

[0087] The coupled method according to the present invention is used for the production of gypsum plasterboard, in which raw gypsum 400 (FIG. 4) is fed to a calciner 101. The calciner 101 produces lump gypsum 401 in a rotary kiln 100, which is fed to a device 402 for the production of gypsum board. The device 402 comprises a mixer; with the aid of cardboard 403, starch 404 and additives 405, gypsum cardboard panels 406 are produced in the mixer using binding tape and a cutting device, which initially still have a high water content. The gypsum cardboard panels 406 are then fed to a dryer 1.

[0088] Meanwhile, exhaust heat 407 from kiln 101 is delivered to heat pump 408 or multiple heat pumps or heat recovery means. At least one heat pump 408 provides heating energy 409 to dryer 1, which produces dried gypsum cardboard panels 410. These go through trimming, de-stacking, and packaging stages 412 until they become gypsum panels 411 ready for sale.

Claims

1. A coupled method comprising, in a first device, a method for manufacturing or processing a binder using thermal energy and, in a second device designed as a drying device, a method for drying a panel manufactured using building or insulating material or a binder, wherein the waste heat generated in the first device is recovered via at least one heat pump and at least partially delivered to the second device, where it is used to dry the panels.

2. The coupled method of claim 1 , wherein heat from the heat pump is conducted to the second device through at least one heat exchanger.

3. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the rotary kiln, hot air heats the building materials and the air surrounding the building materials in the rotary kiln in a countercurrent manner, and the heated building materials are conveyed out of the rotary kiln together with the air heated in the rotary kiln, and the building materials are transported out of the rotary kiln using a conveyor, and the heated air is sent to the at least one heat pump.

4. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the gypsum or cement clinker is burned in a kiln and the panels containing the gypsum or cement clinker are dried in the second device.

5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein a gypsum panel or a cement panel is produced by an intermediate method from the gypsum heated in a rotary kiln or the cement clinker heated in the calciner, and the gypsum panel or the cement panel is dried in the second device.

6. 3. The coupled method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air heated by the heat pump is fed to the second device, which is designed as a drying device.

7. 6. The coupled method of claim 5, wherein the heated air is delivered to at least one forward portion of the second device relative to a direction of panel transport.

8. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the panels pass through a first stage and a second stage within the drying device, each of the two stages having a floor, the panels being placed on a surface formed within each floor and passed through the drying device on the respective floor of the two stages, the panels being dried in contact with high temperature dry air in the first stage and dried using lower temperature dry air in the second stage, the panels being heated in at least the first stage by hot air generated by a heat exchanger, by a heat pump, by a wet separator, directly by a burner, by hot steam, by thermal oil, indirectly by electricity, or by low-grade heat, and at most a single means being provided for recovering heat supplied to the panels in the second stage.

9. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the panels are dried in at least the first stage by circulating air.

10. 10. The joined method of claim 8, wherein the panel is dried at least substantially in the area of ​​the first stage by use of a nozzle box.

11. 9. The coupled method of claim 8, wherein the panels are dried in the first stage or the second stage by at least one internal heat exchanger and / or at least one external heat exchanger.

12. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the panels are dried in the second stage with dry air at a temperature between 20°C and 90°C.

13. 9. The coupled method of claim 8, wherein exhaust air from the first stage is fed into a heat exchanger to preheat the dried air of the second stage.

14. 9. The joined method of claim 8, wherein the panel is dried first in a pre-drying stage upstream of the first stage, then in the first stage, and finally in the second stage.

15. 3. A plant for carrying out the linked method according to claim 1 or 2, the plant comprising at least a first device for producing a binder using thermal energy and a second device for drying a building material or an insulating material or a panel produced using the binder, wherein thermal energy can be transferred from the first device to the second device using a heat pump.

16. 16. The plant according to claim 15, wherein the first device is a kiln for drying gypsum or cement and the second device is for baking panels manufactured using building materials or insulating materials or binders, the first plant being connected to the second plant via at least one heat pump.

17. 17. The plant of claim 16, wherein the calcination furnace is a rotary kiln for drying gypsum and the second device is a panel dryer for drying gypsum panels.

18. 18. The plant of claim 17, wherein the panel dryer has drying zones for drying the panels in a first stage and a second stage, the first stage having at least one drying zone, the first stage being heatable in a recirculation mode, the second stage being mounted to receive the panels from the first stage, and a device for longitudinal ventilation.

19. 19. The plant according to claim 18, wherein the first stage has a plurality of drying zones which can be heated by the heat pump, by at least one heat exchanger, or by at least one heater, by using a heat pump, by using a wet separator, by using hot steam, by using thermal oil, or by hot air generated indirectly by electricity or by using low-grade heat.

20. 20. The plant of claim 19, wherein at most a single means is provided for recovering heat that may be delivered to the panel in the second stage.

Images