Battery pack

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery pack including a plurality of battery modules 100, each including one or more battery cells and a module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells are installed and which is at least partially open upward; an installation space (C) in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are installed, a pack housing 200 including: an installation space (C) in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are installed; a first flow space (U1) formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction; and a second flow space (U2) formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a second direction intersecting with the vertical direction and the first direction and communicating with an exhaust port (T); and one or more module covers 300 covering upper portions of the plurality of battery modules 100. At least one of the module housing 120 and the pack housing 200 and at least one module cover 300 of each battery module 100 corresponds to each battery module 100, and can accommodate the one or more battery cells of each battery module 100 and define a respective predetermined space (S) that is closed on all four sides. The predetermined spaces (S) different from each other corresponding to the battery modules 100 different from each other may be formed separately from each other.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0156748, filed November 21, 2022, and all contents disclosed in the documents of this Korean patent application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery pack, and more particularly to a battery pack that has a simple configuration, is low cost, and easily retards heat propagation, thereby suppressing the deterioration of thermal runaway. [Background technology]

[0003] Secondary batteries are batteries that can be charged and discharged, unlike primary batteries that cannot be recharged. Secondary batteries are used not only in small, cutting-edge electronic devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, and laptops, but also as power sources for energy storage systems (ESS), electric vehicles (EVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).

[0004] The battery module 100 refers to a device in which a number of secondary batteries (hereinafter referred to as battery cells) are connected in series or parallel. If a problem such as a short circuit occurs in some of the battery cells inside the battery module 100, and the temperature of the battery cells exceeds a critical temperature, a thermal runaway phenomenon may occur.

[0005] Heat, flames, etc. generated by a thermal runaway phenomenon in some battery cells inside the battery module 100 may raise the temperature of other battery cells, which may then spread the thermal runaway phenomenon to other battery cells. If the thermal runaway phenomenon spreads rapidly to other battery cells, the battery module 100 may ignite or explode. Therefore, it is necessary to delay the heat transfer (propagation) between battery cells or between battery modules 100.

[0006] In this regard, Korean Patent No. 10-2332128 provides a battery pack in which a silicone sponge pad is installed between battery cells to delay / prevent the propagation of thermal runaway.

[0007] However, if special pads are provided between the battery cells to delay the heat transfer (propagation) between the battery cells, there arises a problem that the manufacturing cost and the size of the battery module 100 / battery pack increase. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Korean Patent No. 10-2332128 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a battery pack that has a simple configuration, is low-cost, and can easily delay thermal propagation (TP) and suppress the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR).

[0010] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that has a simple structure and reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack.

[0011] The technical object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other unmentioned objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood from the following description and can be more clearly understood from the examples of the present invention. Furthermore, it can be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be achieved by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a battery pack including a plurality of battery modules 100, a pack housing 200, and one or more module covers 300.

[0013] Each of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more battery cells and a module housing 120 .

[0014] The one or more battery cells may be mounted in the module housing 120.

[0015] The module housing 120 may be at least partially open upwardly.

[0016] The pack housing 200 may comprise an installation space (C), a first flow space (U1) and a second flow space (U2).

[0017] The installation space (C) The plurality of battery modules 100 can be installed in the

[0018] The first flow space (U1) may be formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction.

[0019] The second flow space (U2) may be formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a second direction intersecting with the vertical direction and the first direction.

[0020] The second flow space (U2) can be in communication with the exhaust port (T).

[0021] The one or more module covers 300 may cover the tops of the plurality of battery modules 100 .

[0022] At least one of the module housing 120 and the pack housing 200 of each of the battery modules 100, and At least one The module cover 300 is Each A predetermined space (S) can be defined.

[0023] Each of the predetermined spaces (S) can correspond to each of the battery modules 100.

[0024] EachThe predetermined space (S) is Each The battery module 100 may house the one or more battery cells.

[0025] Each The predetermined space (S) may be closed on all four sides.

[0026] The battery modules 100 are different from each other. correspond to The predetermined spaces (S) different from each other may be formed separately from each other.

[0027] The plurality of battery modules 100 may be installed in the installation space (C) in a line in a second direction.

[0028] As a result, the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) may be formed side by side in the second direction.

[0029] One or more through holes 214 may be formed in the module housing 120, the pack housing 200 or the one or more module covers 300 of the plurality of battery modules 100 that define the plurality of predetermined spaces (S).

[0030] The one or more through holes 214 may be formed on one side of the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) in the first direction.

[0031] Each of the through holes maintains a closed state when the pressure in each of the predetermined spaces (S) is lower than a critical value, and opens when the pressure in each of the predetermined spaces (S) is equal to or higher than a critical value, thereby connecting each of the predetermined spaces (S) to the first flow space (U1).

[0032] Gas or heat generated in each of the battery modules 100 installed in the installation space (C) can be discharged to the outside through the first flow space (U1), the second flow space (U2) and the exhaust port (T) sequentially.

[0033] In one embodiment, the pack housing 200 may include a first compartment wall 212 and a second compartment wall 218 .

[0034] The first partition wall 212 can partition the installation space (C) and the first flow space (U1).

[0035] The first partition wall 212 may have the one or more through holes 214 formed therein.

[0036] The second partition wall 218 can partition the installation space (C) and the second flow space (U2).

[0037] In one embodiment, the pack housing 200 may include a filter (F).

[0038] The filter (F) may be disposed between the second flow space (U2) and the exhaust port (T).

[0039] In one embodiment, each The height position of the upper end of the predetermined space (S) is EachIt may be higher than the height position of the upper ends of the one or more battery cells housed in the predetermined space (S).

[0040] In one embodiment, from the height position of the upper end of each of the predetermined spaces (S), Each The distance (D) obtained by subtracting the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells accommodated in a predetermined space (S) is Each It may be 1 / 15 or more and 1 or less times the vertical length (L) of one or more battery cells housed in a predetermined space (S).

[0041] In one embodiment, at least one battery module 100 of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0042] The plurality of blocks 110 may each include one or more of the battery cells.

[0043] Each of the at least one battery module 100 Each corresponds to The predetermined space (S) may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0044] Each of the block spaces (BS) is Each Supports Block Space (BS) Each One or more of the blocks 110 The aforementioned It can house battery cells.

[0045] The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0046] The height position of the upper end of each of the block spaces (BS) is Each One or more blocks contained in a block space (BS) The aforementioned It may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell.

[0047] In one embodiment, the module housing 120 of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include one or more partition walls 122 .

[0048] The one or more partitions 122 may be spaced apart from one another in the horizontal direction.

[0049] The one or more partition walls 122 may separate the plurality of different block spaces (BS).

[0050] Each of the module covers 300 or at least a portion of one or more of the module covers 300 that cover the upper portion of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320.

[0051] The one or more ribs 320 may be formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310 .

[0052] The one or more ribs 320 may correspond to the one or more partition walls 122, respectively.

[0053] When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more ribs 320 extend along the corresponding partition wall 122, but may also extend adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition wall 122.

[0054] The aforementioned One or more Partition wall 122 and said one or more The plurality of block spaces (BS) can be separated by ribs 320 .

[0055] This means that The aforementioned The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0056] In one embodiment, a plurality of through holes 214 may be formed.

[0057] The plurality of through holes 214 may correspond to the plurality of predetermined spaces (S), respectively.

[0058] The pack housing 200 may further include a plurality of diaphragms 230 .

[0059] The plurality of membrane plates 230 may be installed adjacent to the plurality of through holes 214, respectively.

[0060] The plurality of membrane plates 230 are The aforementioned The plurality of through holes 214 can be spaced apart from one another.

[0061] Each membrane plate 230 separates Each corresponding to the through-hole 214 Each When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or greater than a critical value, Each The membrane 230 is damaged, Each The through-hole 214 may be open.

[0062] This means that Each The through hole 214 is Each When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, the closed state is maintained; Each When the pressure in a given space (S) is above a critical value, it can be opened.

[0063] In one embodiment, at least one battery module 100 of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0064] The plurality of blocks 110 may each include one or more of the battery cells.

[0065] Each of the at least one battery module 100 Each corresponds to The predetermined space (S) may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0066] Each of the block spaces (BS) is Each Supports Block Space (BS) Each One or more of the blocks 110 The aforementioned It can house battery cells.

[0067] The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0068] The height position of the upper end of each of the block spaces (BS) is Each One or more blocks contained in a block space (BS) The aforementioned It may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell.

[0069] The module housing 120 of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include one or more partitions 122 .

[0070] The one or more partitions 122 may be spaced apart from each other and arranged side by side in the second direction.

[0071] The one or more partition walls 122 may separate the plurality of different block spaces (BS).

[0072] Each of the module covers 300 or at least a portion of one or more of the module covers 300 that cover the upper portion of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320.

[0073] The one or more ribs 320 may be formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310 .

[0074] The one or more ribs 320 may correspond to the one or more partition walls 122, respectively.

[0075] When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more ribs 320 extend along the corresponding partition wall 122, but may also extend adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition wall 122.

[0076] The aforementioned One or more Partition wall 122 and said one or more The plurality of block spaces (BS) can be separated by ribs 320 .

[0077] Accordingly, the plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0078] Each of the at least one battery module 100 Each corresponds to corresponding to the predetermined space (S) Each The through holes 214 can connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0079] In one embodiment, the one or more bulkheads 122 and the one or more ribs 320 may extend in a first direction.

[0080] The one or more partition walls 122 and the one or more ribs 320 may be arranged side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0081] Each of the at least one battery module 100 Each corresponds to corresponding to the predetermined space (S) Each The through holes 214 can open all of the plurality of block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100 even if the pressure in any one of the plurality of block spaces BS increases.

[0082] In one embodiment, at least one module cover 300 of the one or more module covers 300 Each of The may include an upper frame 310 and a separation wall 330 .

[0083] The separation wall 330 may be formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310 .

[0084] The separation wall 330 may be interposed between the side walls of the module housings 120 of a pair of the battery modules 100 that are laterally adjacent to each other. [Effects of the Invention]

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules 100, each including one or more battery cells, a module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells are installed and which is at least partially open upward, and a housing in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are installed. The apparatus includes an installation space (C), a first flow space (U1) formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction, and a second flow space (U2) formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a second direction intersecting with the vertical direction and the first direction, and communicating with an exhaust port (T). The battery module 100 may include a pack housing 200 and one or more module covers 300 that cover the top of the plurality of battery modules 100. At least one of the module housing 120 and the pack housing 200 of each of the battery modules 100 and At least one The module cover 300 is Corresponding to each battery module 100, The battery module 100 includes one or more battery cells, and is closed on all four sides. Each A predetermined space (S) can be defined. correspond to The predetermined spaces (S) different from each other may be formed separately from each other. Each The height position of the upper end of the predetermined space (S) is Each It may be higher than the height position of the upper ends of the one or more battery cells housed in the predetermined space (S).

[0086] Therefore, a vacant space may be provided in a predetermined space (S) separated from each other by each battery module 100, where gas and / or thermal energy released from the battery cells of the battery modules 100 can remain. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in one battery module 100 and gas and / or heat is generated, the gas and / or heat may not quickly propagate / transfer to other battery modules 100 but may remain in the vacant space for a certain period. This may delay thermal propagation (TP). Here, thermal propagation (TP) refers to a phenomenon in which a battery module 100 / battery cell experiencing thermal runaway causes a chain reaction of thermal runaway in other battery modules 100 / battery cells.

[0087] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cell, high-temperature gas and / or thermal energy emitted from the battery cell can be at least partially separated from the battery cell and remain above the battery cell, thereby preventing or delaying the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cell.

[0088] Furthermore, the simple configuration makes it possible to delay thermal propagation (TP) easily and at low cost, thereby suppressing the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR).

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Each From the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space (S), Each The distance (D) obtained by subtracting the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells accommodated in a predetermined space (S) is Each It may be 1 / 15 or more and 1 or less times the vertical length (L) of one or more battery cells housed in a predetermined space (S).

[0090] As a result, a large volume of empty space in which gas and / or thermal energy released from the battery cell can remain within the predetermined space (S) accommodating the battery cell is provided above the battery cell, so that the gas and / or thermal energy can remain at least partially sufficiently separated from the battery cell, thereby preventing or delaying the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR) and effectively delaying thermal propagation (TP).

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110 each including one or more of the battery cells. Each corresponds to The predetermined space (S) may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) respectively corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110. Each of the block spaces (BS) may include: Each Supports Block Space (BS) Each One or more of the blocks 110 The aforementioned The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other. The height position of the upper end of each block space (BS) may be Each One or more blocks contained in a block space (BS) The aforementioned It may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell.

[0092] As a result, the block spaces (BS) accommodating battery cells belonging to the same block 110 (e.g., bank) are formed separately for each block 110, and each block space (BS) can have an empty space in which gas and / or thermal energy released from the battery cells belonging to the block 110 can remain. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any block 110 of any battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat may not quickly propagate / transfer to other blocks 110 and other battery modules 100, but may remain slightly in the empty space of the block space (BS) of the block 110. As a result, thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0093] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cell, high-temperature gas and / or thermal energy emitted from the battery cell can be at least partially separated from the battery cell and remain above the battery cell, thereby preventing or delaying the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cell.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the module housing 120 of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include one or more partition walls 122 spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction and separating the plurality of different block spaces (BS). Each of the module covers 300 or at least a portion of one or more of the module covers 300 covering the upper portion of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include one or more ribs 320 formed to protrude downward from an upper frame 310 and a lower surface of the upper frame 310, and corresponding to each of the one or more partition walls 122, extending along the corresponding partition wall 122 when projected onto a horizontal plane, but extending adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition wall 122. One or more Partition wall 122 and said one or moreThe ribs 320 separate the plurality of block spaces (BS), thereby The aforementioned The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0095] As a result, the ribs 320 formed on the module cover 300 separate the multiple block spaces (BS), and therefore, high-temperature gas and / or heat generated in one block 110 and remaining in the upper part of the block space (BS) of that block 110 can be effectively prevented from propagating / transferring through the upper part of the block space (BS) to the block space (BS) of another adjacent block 110. This can improve the delay effect of thermal propagation (TP).

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the module housing 120, the pack housing 200, or the module cover 300 defining each of the predetermined spaces (S) may have a through-hole 214 formed therein that can be opened and closed to communicate between the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S). The through-hole 214 maintains a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and can open when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or higher than the critical value.

[0097] Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat may remain in the predetermined space (S) without being able to escape until the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 where the thermal runaway (TR) occurs reaches or exceeds a critical value, thereby delaying thermal propagation (TP).

[0098] Furthermore, even if the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred exceeds a critical value, and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred is opened to allow gas and / or heat to escape from the predetermined space (S), the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to another battery module 100 may be lower than the critical value, and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the other battery module 100 may be closed, so the gas and / or heat released from the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred may not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery module 100. This may delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the through holes 214 may be formed. The plurality of through holes 214 may correspond to the plurality of predetermined spaces (S), respectively. The pack housing 200 may further include a plurality of membrane plates 230 disposed adjacent to the plurality of through holes 214, respectively, and separating the plurality of through holes 214. Each corresponding to the through-hole 214 Each When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or greater than a critical value, Each The membrane 230 is damaged, Each The through-hole 214 can be opened. Each The through hole 214 is Each When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, the closed state is maintained; Each When the pressure in a given space (S) is above a critical value, it can be opened.

[0100] This allows the through-hole 214, which communicates between the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S), to be opened and closed easily at low cost with a simple configuration in accordance with the pressure of the predetermined space (S).

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pack housing 200 may include an installation space (C) in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are installed, and a first flow space (U1) formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction, through which gas generated in the plurality of battery modules 100 flows. The plurality of battery modules 100 may be installed in the installation space (C) in a line in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction, and thus the one or more module covers 300 and the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) may be arranged or formed in a line in the second direction. In each of the predetermined spaces (S), the through-hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space (S) may be formed on one side of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction, thereby communicating the predetermined space (S) with the first flow space (U1).

[0102] As a result, the first flow space (U1) is not formed above the installation space (C) but is formed on one side of the installation space (C) in the first direction, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack, thereby enabling the battery pack to be made more compact. Also, since the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space (S) within the allowable range can be maximized, the volume of the empty space in which gas and / or thermal energy can remain increases, improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP). Furthermore, since the gas and / or thermal energy can remain at least partially sufficiently separated from the battery cells and remain above the battery cells, it is possible to prevent or delay the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0103] Furthermore, since the gas generated in the plurality of battery modules 100 flows through the same first flow space U1, the structure of the battery pack is simplified, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110 each including one or more of the battery cells. Each corresponds to The predetermined space (S) may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) respectively corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110. Each of the block spaces (BS) may include: Each Supports Block Space (BS) Each One or more of the blocks 110 The aforementioned The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other. The height position of the upper end of each block space (BS) may be Each One or more blocks contained in a block space (BS) The aforementioned The height may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell. The module housing 120 of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include one or more partition walls 122 spaced apart from each other and arranged side by side in the second direction, and separating the plurality of different block spaces (BS). At least a portion of each of the module covers 300 or one or more of the module covers 300 covering the upper portion of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include one or more ribs 320 formed to protrude downward from an upper frame 310 and a lower surface of the upper frame 310, corresponding to the one or more partition walls 122, and extending along the corresponding partition walls 122 when projected onto a horizontal plane, but adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition walls 122. One or more Partition wall 122 and said one or more The ribs 320 separate the plurality of block spaces (BS), thereby The aforementioned The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other. Each corresponds to corresponding to the predetermined space (S) EachThe through holes 214 can connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0105] Therefore, the partition walls 122 and the ribs 320 may delay thermal propagation (TP) between the blocks 110 of the battery module 100. In addition, the ribs 320 formed on the module cover 300 may improve the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP).

[0106] Furthermore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the blocks 110 of the battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat cannot easily escape from the block space (BS) or the predetermined space (S) until the pressure in the block space (BS) corresponding to the block 110 where the thermal runaway (TR) occurred or the pressure in the predetermined space (S) containing the block space (BS) becomes sufficiently large, and may remain within the block space (BS) or the predetermined space (S). This may delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more partition walls 122 and the one or more ribs 320 may extend in a first direction and be arranged side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Each corresponds to corresponding to the predetermined space (S) Each The through holes 214 can open all of the plurality of block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100 even if the pressure in any one of the plurality of block spaces BS increases.

[0108] As a result, even if the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred as well as the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 are open to the outside of the battery module 100, the plurality of block spaces (BS) extend in a first direction and are formed side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, so that gas and / or heat are unlikely to flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 after escaping from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred. This is because the gas and / or heat that has escaped in the first direction from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110. As a result, the pressure in one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases, and even if all the block spaces (BS) are open to the outside of the battery module 100, thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0109] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one module cover 300 of the one or more module covers 300 Each of may include an upper frame 310 and a separation wall 330 formed to protrude downward from a lower surface of the upper frame 310. The separation wall 330 may be interposed between side walls of the module housings 120 of the pair of battery modules 100 disposed adjacent to each other laterally.

[0110] This delays the heat propagation between the battery modules 100, making it possible to prevent the thermal runaway from worsening.

[0111] The above-mentioned effects and specific effects of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the following description of the preferred embodiment of the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0112] [Figure 1]1 is a perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a pack cover is removed from the battery pack of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. [Figure 4] 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a module cover is removed from the battery pack of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 5] 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a module cover is removed from the battery pack of FIG. 3. [Figure 6] 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which a battery module is removed from the battery pack of FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which a membrane plate is removed from the battery pack of FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a module cover of the battery pack of FIGS. 2 and 3. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a module cover of the battery pack of FIGS. 2 and 3. [Figure 10] 1. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10' of FIG. [Figure 11] 1 is a table comparing the results of a heat propagation experiment between the conventional technology and the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0113] The above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the technical concept of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if a detailed description of known technologies relating to the present invention is deemed to obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings are used to indicate the same or similar components.

[0114] Although terms such as "first" and "second" are used to indicate various components, it is understood that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another, and unless otherwise specified, a first component may also be a second component.

[0115] Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specified, each element may be singular or plural.

[0116] Hereinafter, when an arbitrary structure is arranged "on top (or bottom)" of a component or "above (or below)" a component, it means that the arbitrary structure is not only arranged in contact with the upper surface (or lower surface) of the component, but also that other structures may be interposed between the component and the arbitrary structure arranged above (or below) the component.

[0117] Furthermore, when a component is described as being "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the components may be directly coupled or connected to each other, but that other components may be "intervening" between the components, or that each component may be "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" via other components.

[0118] As used herein, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Terms such as "comprise" or "include" in this application should not be interpreted as including all of the multiple components or multiple steps described in the specification, but should be interpreted as meaning that some of the components or some of the steps may not be included, or that additional components or steps may be included.

[0119] 1 and 2 are a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the pack cover removed. FIGS. 4 and 5 are a perspective view and a plan view showing the battery pack of FIG. 3 with the module cover removed. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of FIGS. 4 and 5 with the battery module removed. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of FIG. 6 with the membrane plate removed. FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective views showing the module cover of the battery pack of FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10' of FIG. 1. FIG. 11 is a table comparing the results of a heat propagation experiment between the conventional technology and the present invention.

[0120] [Battery pack] 1 to 7, a battery pack 10 according to one embodiment may include a plurality of battery modules 100, a pack housing 200, and one or more module covers 300. The battery pack may further include a membrane plate 230.

[0121] Each configuration will be specifically considered below.

[0122] [Battery module] A plurality of battery modules 100 may be provided.

[0123] Each battery module 100 may include multiple blocks 110. Each block 110 may include one or more battery cells. A block 110 may be a single battery cell or a collection of multiple battery cells.

[0124] Each battery module 100 may include a module housing 120 .

[0125] A plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells may be installed in the module housing 120. The plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells may be arranged side by side in a second direction (e.g., left-right direction) in the module housing 120. The module housing 120 may be at least partially open upward.

[0126] The module housing 120 may include one or more bulkheads 122, as described below.

[0127] [Pack Housing] The pack housing 200 may include a body 210 and a pack cover 220. A plurality of battery modules 100 may be installed in the pack housing 200.

[0128] Specifically, for example, the pack housing 200 may include a mounting space (C) and a first flow space (U1). The pack housing 200 may further include a second flow space (U2).

[0129] A plurality of battery modules 100 may be installed in the installation space (C). A plurality of battery modules 100 may be installed in the installation space (C) lined up in a second direction (e.g., left-right direction). As a result, a plurality of predetermined spaces (S) may be formed lined up in the second direction. Furthermore, one or more module covers 300 may be arranged side by side in the second direction. For example, the plurality of module covers 300 and the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the plurality of battery modules 100 respectively may be arranged or formed side by side in the second direction.

[0130] The first flow space (U1) may be formed on one side (e.g., rear side) of the installation space (C) in a first direction (e.g., front-rear direction). Here, the first direction may be a direction intersecting with the up-down direction. The first flow space (U1) may be connected to the installation space (C) and a predetermined space (S) described later. For example, the first flow space (U1) may be formed in the first partition wall 212 and may be formed on one side (e.g., rear side) of the installation space (C). Here, the first direction may be a direction intersecting with the up-down direction. One or more Through the through hole 214 Multiple The first flow space U1 may be in communication with a predetermined space S. In the first flow space U1, gas and / or heat generated in the plurality of battery modules 100 may flow.

[0131] The second flow space (U2) may be formed on one side (e.g., the right side) of the installation space (C) in a second direction (e.g., the left-right direction). Here, the second direction may be a direction intersecting the up-down direction and the first direction. The second flow space (U2) may be in communication with the first flow space (U1) (e.g., through the through-hole 216). Gas and / or heat generated in the battery module 100 installed in the installation space (C) may flow through the second flow space (U2).

[0132] The exhaust port (T) may be connected to the second flow space (U2). Gas and / or heat generated in the battery module 100 installed in the installation space (C) may be discharged to the outside of the pack housing 200 through the exhaust port (T).

[0133] Meanwhile, the pack housing 200 may include a first partition wall 212, a second partition wall 218, and / or a filter (F).

[0134] The first partition wall 212 can separate the installation space (C) and the first flow space (U1). The first partition wall 212 can define a predetermined space (S) to be described later. One or more A through hole 214 may be formed.

[0135] The second partition wall 218 can separate the installation space (C) from the second flow space (U2). The second partition wall 218 can also define a predetermined space (S) described below.

[0136] The filter (F) may be disposed between the second flow space (U2) and the exhaust port (T). The filter (F) can prevent ignitable particles that have separated from the battery cell due to thermal runaway or the like from being discharged to the outside.

[0137] In summary, the equipment installed in the installation space (C) Each Gas and / or heat generated in the battery module 100 can be discharged to the outside of the pack housing 200 by sequentially passing through the first flow space (U1), the second flow space (U2), the filter (F), and the exhaust port (T) (FIG. 5).

[0138] [Module cover] 8 and 9, there may be one or more module covers 300. The one or more module covers 300 may cover the tops of the plurality of battery modules 100.

[0139] For example, a plurality of module covers 300 may correspond to a plurality of battery modules 100, respectively. Each module cover 300 may cover the upper portion of the corresponding battery module 100.

[0140] The module cover 300 may be coupled to the module housing 120 of the corresponding battery module 100 or may be coupled to the pack housing 200 .

[0141] The module cover 300 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320. The module cover 300 may include a separation wall 330.

[0142] The upper frame 310 may extend in the first direction and the second direction and may be plate-shaped.

[0143] The one or more ribs 320 are described below.

[0144] The separation wall 330 may be provided on at least one module cover 300. The separation wall 330 may be formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310. The separation wall 330 may be interposed between side walls of the module housings 120 of a pair of battery modules 100 that are arranged laterally adjacent to each other ( FIG. 10 ).

[0145] This delays the heat propagation between the battery modules 100, making it possible to prevent the thermal runaway from worsening.

[0146] [Prescribed space] 10, a plurality of predetermined spaces (S) may be defined. The plurality of predetermined spaces (S) may correspond to a plurality of battery modules 100, respectively. Specifically, at least one of the module housing 120 and the pack housing 200 of each battery module 100 and At least one The module cover 300 is Each A predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 can be defined.

[0147] Each predetermined space (S) can accommodate a plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells of the corresponding battery module 100. Each predetermined space (S) may be closed on all four sides.

[0148] The different predetermined spaces (S) accommodating one or more battery cells of the different battery modules 100 may be formed separately from each other. The different predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the different battery modules 100 may be formed separately from each other.

[0149] Each The height position of the top of the specified space (S) is Each Contained in a designated space (S) said one or more It may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell (FIG. 10).

[0150] As a result, an empty space can be provided within a predetermined space (S) separated from each other by each battery module 100, where gas and / or thermal energy released from the battery cells of the battery modules 100 can remain. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in one battery module 100 and gas and / or heat is generated, the gas and / or heat may not quickly propagate / transfer to other battery modules 100 but may remain in the empty space for a while. This may delay thermal propagation (TP). Here, thermal propagation (TP) refers to a phenomenon in which a battery module 100 / battery cell in which thermal runaway occurs causes thermal runaway to occur in other battery modules 100 / battery cells in a chain reaction.

[0151] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cell, high-temperature gas and / or thermal energy emitted from the battery cell can be at least partially separated from the battery cell and remain above the battery cell, thereby preventing or delaying the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cell.

[0152] Furthermore, the simple configuration makes it possible to delay thermal propagation (TP) easily and at low cost, thereby suppressing the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR).

[0153] Each From the height position of the top of the specified space (S), Each The distance (D) obtained by subtracting the height position of the upper ends of the plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells accommodated in a predetermined space (S) is Each It may be 1 / 15 or more and 1 time or less of the vertical length (L) of the battery cells housed in the predetermined space (S) (FIG. 5).

[0154] For example, if the vertical length (L) of the plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells accommodated in a predetermined space (S) is 100 mm, the distance (D) obtained by subtracting the height position of the top end of the block 110 or battery cell accommodated in the predetermined space (S) from the height position of the top end of the predetermined space (S) may be 10 mm or more. For example, the distance (D) may be 20 mm or more.

[0155] As a result, a large volume of empty space in which gas and / or thermal energy released from the battery cell can remain within the predetermined space (S) accommodating the battery cell is provided above the battery cell, so that the gas and / or thermal energy can remain at least partially sufficiently separated from the battery cell, thereby preventing or delaying the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR) and effectively delaying thermal propagation (TP).

[0156] [Blocks and Block Spaces] At least one battery module 100 among the plurality of battery modules 100 may each include a plurality of blocks 110. Each block 110 may include one or more battery cells. Here, the block 110 may be a bank.

[0157] Each of the at least one battery module 100 Each corresponds to The predetermined space (S) may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively (FIG. 10).

[0158] Each block space (BS) is Each Supports Block Space (BS) Each The block 110 can accommodate one or more battery cells. A plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other (FIG. 5).

[0159] The height position of the top of each block space (BS) is as follows: Each It may be higher than the height position of the upper ends of one or more battery cells housed in the block space (BS) (FIG. 10).

[0160] As a result, the block spaces (BS) accommodating battery cells belonging to the same block 110 (e.g., bank) are formed separately for each block 110, and each block space (BS) can have an empty space in which gas and / or thermal energy released from the battery cells belonging to the block 110 can remain. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in one of the blocks 110 of one of the battery modules 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat may not quickly propagate / transfer to other blocks 110 and other battery modules 100, but may remain slightly in the empty space of the block space (BS) of the block 110. As a result, thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0161] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cell, high-temperature gas and / or thermal energy emitted from the battery cell can be at least partially separated from the battery cell and remain above the battery cell, thereby preventing or delaying the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cell.

[0162] [Bulkheads and ribs] The module housing 120 of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include one or more partition walls 122 .

[0163] One or more partition walls 122 may be arranged spaced apart from one another in the horizontal direction. For example, the partition walls 122 may be arranged spaced apart from one another and side by side in the second direction (e.g., the left-right direction). Each partition wall 122 can separate a plurality of different block spaces (BS) (FIG. 10).

[0164] Each module cover 300 or at least a portion of one or more module covers 300 covering the top of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320 (Figures 9 and 10).

[0165] One or more ribs 320 may be formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310. The one or more ribs 320 may correspond to one or more partition walls 122, respectively. When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more ribs 320 extend along the corresponding partition walls 122, but may also extend adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition walls 122.

[0166] One or more Partition wall 122 and One or more The ribs 320 may separate a plurality of block spaces (BS), thereby forming a plurality of block spaces (BS) that are separated from one another.

[0167] As a result, the ribs 320 formed on the module cover 300 separate the multiple block spaces (BS), and can effectively prevent high-temperature gas and / or heat generated in one block 110 and remaining in the upper part of the block space (BS) of that block 110 from propagating / transferring through the upper part of the block space (BS) to the block space (BS) of another adjacent block 110. This can improve the delay effect of thermal propagation (TP).

[0168] [Through holes and membranes] One or more through-holes 214 may be formed. One or more The through-hole 214 is Multiple Define a predetermined space (S) A plurality of battery modules 100 Module housing 120, pack housing 200 or One or more It may be formed on the module cover 300 . EachThe through-hole 214 can be opened and closed, providing communication between the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S). For example, two through-holes 214 can be formed in the first partition wall 212 of the pack housing 200, which defines the two predetermined spaces (S) together with the two module housings 120 and the two module covers 300 (FIGS. 4, 6, and 7).

[0169] Each The through-hole 214 is Each If the pressure in a given space (S) is less than the critical value, it will remain closed. Each When the pressure in a given space (S) is above a critical value, it can be opened.

[0170] Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat may remain in the predetermined space (S) without being able to escape until the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 where the thermal runaway (TR) occurs reaches or exceeds a critical value, thereby delaying thermal propagation (TP).

[0171] Furthermore, even if the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred exceeds a critical value, and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred is opened and gas and / or heat escapes from the predetermined space (S), the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to another battery module 100 is lower than the critical value, and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the other battery module 100 is closed, so the gas and / or heat released from the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred may not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery module 100. This may delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0172] There may be a plurality of through holes 214. The plurality of through holes 214 can correspond to a plurality of predetermined spaces (S), respectively (FIGS. 4 and 7).

[0173] Meanwhile, as described above, when the first flow space (U1) of the pack housing 200 is formed on one side of the installation space (C) in the first direction, and the plurality of battery modules 100 are installed in the installation space (C) in a line in the second direction, and thus a plurality of predetermined spaces (S) are formed in a line in the second direction, One or more The through-hole 214 is Multiple It is formed on one side (for example, the rear side) of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction, Multiple The predetermined space (S) and the first flow space (U1) can be connected (FIG. 2).

[0174] As a result, the first flow space (U1) is not formed above the installation space (C) but is formed on one side of the installation space (C) in the first direction, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack, thereby enabling the battery pack to be made more compact. Also, since the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space (S) within the allowable range can be maximized, the volume of the empty space in which gas and / or thermal energy can remain increases, improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP). Furthermore, since the gas and / or thermal energy can remain at least partially sufficiently separated from the battery cells and remain above the battery cells, it is possible to prevent or delay the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0175] Furthermore, since the gas generated in the plurality of battery modules 100 flows through the same first flow space U1, the structure of the battery pack is simplified, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0176] On the other hand, each of the at least one battery module 100 described above includes a plurality of blocks 110. Each corresponds toThe through holes 214 corresponding to the predetermined spaces (S) can connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0177] As a result, the partition walls 122 and the ribs 320 may delay thermal propagation (TP) between the blocks 110 of the battery module 100. In addition, the ribs 320 formed on the module cover 300 may improve the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP).

[0178] Furthermore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the blocks 110 of the battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat cannot easily escape from the block space (BS) or the predetermined space (S) until the pressure in the block space (BS) corresponding to the block 110 where the thermal runaway (TR) occurred or the pressure in the predetermined space (S) containing the block space (BS) becomes sufficiently large, and may remain within the block space (BS) or the predetermined space (S). This may delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0179] Each of the at least one battery module 100 Each corresponds to corresponding to the given space (S) Each The through-holes 214 can open all of the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the outside of the battery module 100 even if the pressure of any one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases. In this case, the one or more partition walls 122 and the one or more ribs 320 may extend in a first direction and be arranged side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0180] Therefore, even if the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred as well as the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 are opened to the outside of the battery module 100, the plurality of block spaces (BS) are each formed extending in a first direction and aligned in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, so that gas and / or heat is unlikely to flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 after escaping from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred. This is because the gas and / or heat that has escaped in the first direction from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110. As a result, the pressure in one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases, and even if all the block spaces (BS) are open to the outside of the battery module 100, thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0181] There may be a plurality of membrane plates 230. The plurality of membrane plates 230 may be installed adjacent to the plurality of through holes 214, respectively, and may separate the plurality of through holes 214 (FIGS. 6 and 7).

[0182] Each membrane plate 230 separates Each Corresponding to the through hole 214 Each When the pressure in a given space (S) is above a critical value, Each The membrane 230 is damaged, Each The through-hole 214 can be opened. Each The through-hole 214 is Each If the pressure in a given space (S) is less than the critical value, it will remain closed. Each When the pressure in a given space (S) is above a critical value, it can be opened.

[0183] This allows the through-hole 214, which communicates between the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S), to be opened and closed easily at low cost with a simple configuration in accordance with the pressure of the predetermined space (S).

[0184] [Experimental Results] 11, it can be seen that when thermal runaway (TR) occurs in one battery module 100 of the battery pack, the time it takes for thermal propagation (TP) to occur in the adjacent battery module 100 of the same battery pack is 8 seconds in the battery pack according to the conventional technology, whereas it is approximately 44 minutes (2640 seconds) longer in the battery pack according to the present invention. In other words, in the battery pack according to the present invention, thermal propagation (TP) can be significantly delayed.

[0185] On the other hand, "V0" in FIG. 11 indicates the time when the voltage of the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway occurs becomes 0V, and "Pressure" indicates a value obtained by subtracting 1 (unit: bar) from the measured value.

[0186] It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all respects and are not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims rather than the above detailed description. All modifications and variations within the meaning and scope of the following claims, as well as equivalent concepts, should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

[0187] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to illustrative drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and drawings disclosed in this specification, and various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention. Furthermore, even if the effects of the configuration of the present invention are not explicitly described in the above description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is natural that the effects that can be predicted by the configuration should also be recognized. [Explanation of symbols]

[0188] 10 Battery pack 100 Battery Module 110 blocks 120 module housing 122 Bulkhead S designated space BS Block Space 200 pack housing 210 Main Unit 212 First Partition Wall 214 Through hole 216 Through hole 218 Second Partition Wall 220 Pack Cover 230 Membrane plate C Installation space U1 1st flow space U2 2nd flow space F Filter T exhaust port 300 Module Cover 310 Upper Frame 320 Ribs 330 Separation wall

Claims

1. a plurality of battery modules (100), each including one or more battery cells and a module housing (120) in which the one or more battery cells are installed and which is at least partially open upward; a pack housing (200) in which the plurality of battery modules (100) are installed; One or more module covers (300) for covering the tops of the plurality of battery modules (100); Including, In each of the battery modules (100), at least one of the module housing (120) and the pack housing (200) of the battery module (100) and the module cover (300) accommodate the one or more battery cells of the battery module (100) and define a predetermined space (S) that is closed on all four sides; The predetermined spaces (S) that accommodate the one or more battery cells of the different battery modules (100) are formed separately from each other, The height position of the upper end of the predetermined space (S) is higher than the height position of the upper ends of the one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S); Battery pack.

2. a distance (D) obtained by subtracting the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells housed in the specified space (S) from the height position of the upper end of the specified space (S) is 1 / 15 or more and 1 time or less of the vertical length (L) of the one or more battery cells housed in the specified space (S); The battery pack according to claim 1 .

3. At least one battery module (100) of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes a plurality of blocks (110) each including one or more of the battery cells; The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks (110), respectively; Each of the block spaces (BS) accommodates the one or more battery cells included in the block (110) corresponding to the block space (BS); The plurality of block spaces (BS) are formed separately from each other, The height position of the upper end of each of the block spaces (BS) is higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells accommodated in the block space (BS); The battery pack according to claim 1 .

4. The module housing (120) of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes one or more partition walls (122) that are spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction and separate the plurality of block spaces (BS) that are different from each other; At least a portion of each of the module covers (300) or one or more of the module covers (300) covering the upper portion of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes an upper frame (310) and one or more ribs (320) formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame (310) and corresponding to each of the one or more partition walls (122), and extending along each of the corresponding partition walls (122) when projected onto a horizontal plane, but extending adjacent to or in contact with each of the corresponding partition walls (122); The partitions (122) and the ribs (320) partition the plurality of block spaces (BS), thereby forming the plurality of block spaces (BS) separated from one another. The battery pack according to claim 3 .

5. The module housing (120), the pack housing (200) or the module cover (300) defining each of the predetermined spaces (S) is formed with a through-hole (214) that can be opened and closed to communicate the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S), The through-hole (214) maintains a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and opens when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is higher than or equal to a critical value. The battery pack according to claim 1 .

6. The through holes (214) are formed in plural numbers, The plurality of through holes (214) correspond to the predetermined spaces (S) of the plurality of battery modules (100), respectively; The pack housing (200) further includes a plurality of membrane plates (230) disposed adjacent to the plurality of through holes (214) and separating the plurality of through holes (214), In each of the membrane plates (230), when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the through hole (214) separated by the membrane plate (230) is equal to or greater than a critical value, the membrane plate (230) is damaged, and the through hole (214) is opened; Therefore, the through hole (214) maintains a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and opens when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is higher than a critical value. The battery pack according to claim 5 .

7. The pack housing (200) includes an installation space (C) in which the plurality of battery modules (100) are installed, and a first flow space (U1) formed on one side of the installation space (C) in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction, and through which gas generated in the plurality of battery modules (100) flows; The plurality of battery modules (100) are installed in the installation space (C) in a vertical direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction, whereby the one or more module covers (300) and the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) are arranged or formed in a line in the second direction; In each of the predetermined spaces (S), the through hole (214) corresponding to the predetermined space (S) is formed on one side of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction, thereby communicating the predetermined space (S) with the first flow space (U1). The battery pack according to claim 5 .

8. At least one battery module (100) of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes a plurality of blocks (110) each including one or more of the battery cells; The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks (110), respectively; Each of the block spaces (BS) accommodates the one or more battery cells included in the block (110) corresponding to the block space (BS); The plurality of block spaces (BS) are formed separately from each other, The height position of the upper end of each of the block spaces (BS) is higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells accommodated in the block space (BS), The module housing (120) of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes one or more partition walls (122) that are spaced apart from each other and arranged side by side in the second direction and that separate the plurality of block spaces (BS) that are different from each other; At least a portion of each of the module covers (300) or one or more of the module covers (300) covering the upper portion of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes an upper frame (310) and one or more ribs (320) formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame (310) and corresponding to each of the one or more partition walls (122), and extending along each of the corresponding partition walls (122) when projected onto a horizontal plane, but extending adjacent to or in contact with each of the corresponding partition walls (122); The partitions (122) and the ribs (320) separate the plurality of block spaces (BS), thereby forming the plurality of block spaces (BS) separated from one another; The through holes (214) corresponding to the respective predetermined spaces (S) of the at least one battery module (100) communicate the plurality of block spaces (BS) with the outside of the battery module (100). The battery pack according to claim 7.

9. the one or more partition walls (122) and the one or more ribs (320) extend in the first direction and are arranged side by side in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction; The through holes (214) corresponding to the respective predetermined spaces (S) of the at least one battery module (100) open all of the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the outside of the battery module (100) even when the pressure of any one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases. The battery pack according to claim 8 .

10. At least one of the one or more module covers (300) includes an upper frame (310) and a separation wall (330) protruding downward from a lower surface of the upper frame (310), The separation wall (330) is interposed between side walls of the module housings (120) of a pair of the battery modules (100) that are laterally adjacent to each other. The battery pack according to claim 1 .

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