Perovskite solar cell

Abstract

To provide a perovskite solar cell capable of reducing a total calorific value.SOLUTION: The perovskite solar cell 100 includes a laminate 10 having a conductive layer 2 disposed on a substrate 1 and a solar cell 3 disposed on the conductive layer 2, a first sheet 20 provided on one side of the laminate 10 in a lamination direction in which the conductive layer 2 and the solar cell 3 are laminated, a second sheet 30 provided on the other side of the laminate 10 in the lamination direction, and a sealing layer 40 disposed between the laminate 10 and one of the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30. The laminate 10 and the sealing layer 40 are sealed by the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to perovskite solar cells. [Background technology]

[0002] Solar cells that convert solar light energy into electrical energy have been used in the past. Technology relating to such solar cells is described, for example, in Patent Document 1, the source of which is shown below.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a perovskite solar cell, which is one of the above solar cells. This perovskite solar cell is configured by stacking a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion unit consisting of a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer, and a second electrode on a substrate with a barrier layer sandwiched between them, and the first electrode, photoelectric conversion unit, and second electrode are covered on the periphery and top with a sealing layer and an adhesive layer. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-188047 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the perovskite solar cell described in Patent Document 1, the first electrode, photoelectric conversion unit, and second electrode are sandwiched between a barrier layer on one side of the stacking direction and a sealing layer and adhesive layer on the other side of the stacking direction, as described above. When such perovskite solar cells are used to form solar panels, their lightweight characteristics make them suitable for use on the roofs and walls of buildings. In such cases, the fire department responsible for the building may require the solar panels to meet the performance requirements of non-combustible materials as defined by the Building Standards Act. To be certified as a non-combustible material, each material used in the perovskite solar cell must generate a small amount of heat upon combustion, and the total heat generated by the perovskite solar cell must be small. However, because the total heat generated by the combustion of organic compounds in perovskite solar cells is large, it is difficult for solar panels using perovskite solar cells to be certified as a non-combustible material. For this reason, the perovskite solar cell described in Patent Document 1 leaves room for improvement.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for perovskite solar cells that can reduce the total amount of heat generated. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A characteristic configuration of the perovskite solar cell according to the present invention is that it comprises a laminate having a conductive layer arranged on a substrate and a solar cell arranged on the conductive layer, a first sheet provided on one side of the laminate in a stacking direction in which the conductive layer and the solar cell are stacked, a second sheet provided on the other side of the laminate in the stacking direction, and a sealing layer provided between the laminate and one of the first sheet and the second sheet, wherein the laminate and the sealing layer are sealed by the first sheet and the second sheet.

[0008] With this characteristic configuration, the encapsulation layer is disposed only on one or the other side of the stack in the stacking direction, so the overall volume of the encapsulation layer provided in the perovskite solar cell can be reduced compared to when encapsulation layers are provided on both sides of the stack in the stacking direction, thereby making it possible to reduce the total heat generation of the perovskite solar cell.

[0009] Another characteristic configuration of the solar panel of the present invention is that it comprises a laminate having a conductive layer arranged on a substrate and a solar cell arranged on the conductive layer, a first sheet arranged on one side of the laminate in a stacking direction in which the conductive layer and the solar cell are stacked, a second sheet arranged on the other side of the laminate in the stacking direction, a first sealing layer arranged between the first sheet and the laminate, and a second sealing layer arranged between the second sheet and the laminate, wherein one of the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer includes a thick portion of a predetermined thickness and a thin portion that is thinner than the thickness of the thick portion, and the laminate, the first sealing layer, and the second sealing layer are sealed by the first sheet and the second sheet.

[0010] With this characteristic configuration, even if the first sealing layer is disposed on one side of the stack in the stacking direction and the second sealing layer is disposed on the other side of the stack in the stacking direction, one of the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer has a thinned portion that can reduce its volume, so the total volume of the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer included in the perovskite solar cell can be reduced by the amount of the thinned portion, thereby making it possible to reduce the total heat generation of the perovskite solar cell. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a perovskite solar cell according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell according to a first embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a perovskite solar cell according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a perovskite solar cell according to a second embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a perovskite solar cell according to a third embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a perovskite solar cell according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a perovskite solar cell according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a perovskite solar cell according to another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] [First embodiment] The perovskite solar cell according to the present invention is configured to enable a reduction in total heat generation. The total heat generation represents the cumulative value of the heat generation rate from the start to the end of combustion, and the heat generation rate refers to the energy generated when the perovskite solar cell burns. Measurement of this total heat generation is performed in accordance with ISO 5660-1:2002 "Fire reaction test - Heat generation rate, smoke generation rate, mass loss rate - Part 1: Heat generation rate (cone calorimeter method) and smoke generation rate (dynamic measurement)."

[0013] In order for a perovskite solar cell to be recognized as a non-combustible material, the above measurements must: (1) Total calorific value is 8MJ / m 2 Below is the (2) The maximum heat generation rate is 200 kW / m continuously for more than 10 seconds. 2 Not exceeding (3) There are no cracks or holes that penetrate to the back surface and are harmful to fire safety. This state must be maintained for 20 minutes.

[0014] This perovskite solar cell is capable of reducing the total heat generation amount. Below, the perovskite solar cell 100 of this embodiment will be described. However, the perovskite solar cell 100 is not limited to the following embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0015] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a perovskite solar cell 100. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the perovskite solar cell 100. Generally, a perovskite solar cell 100 is configured by connecting a plurality of cells 90 in series to increase output voltage. For ease of understanding, the perovskite solar cell 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described below using as an example one of the plurality of cells 90 that the perovskite solar cell 100 has.

[0016] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the perovskite solar cell 100 comprises a laminate 10, a first sheet 20, a second sheet 30, and an encapsulating layer 40.

[0017] The laminate 10 has a conductive layer 2 disposed on a substrate 1, and a solar cell 3 disposed on the conductive layer 2. In this embodiment, the laminate 10 has the substrate 1, the conductive layer 2, and the solar cell 3 laminated in this order, and the solar cell 3 is covered with a coating layer 4.

[0018] The substrate 1 functions as a support for the perovskite solar cell 100. The substrate 1 is made of an optically transparent material. The substrate 1 is an insulating substrate, such as a transparent glass substrate, a frosted semi-transparent glass substrate, or a transparent resin substrate. As shown in FIG. 1, the substrate 1 is rectangular when viewed along the Z direction.

[0019] As shown in Figure 2, a conductive and transparent conductive layer 2 used as a negative electrode is provided on a substrate 1. The orientation of the perovskite solar cell 100 during use is not particularly limited, but hereinafter, the direction from the substrate 1 to the conductive layer 2 will be referred to as the "Z1 direction" (an example of a stacking direction), the opposite direction will be referred to as the "Z2 direction," and the Z1 direction and Z2 direction will be collectively referred to as the "Z direction." Furthermore, one of the directions perpendicular to the Z direction will be referred to as the "X direction," and the direction perpendicular to the Z direction and the X direction will be referred to as the "Y direction."

[0020] The conductive layer 2 is formed (deposited) on one surface (the surface on the Z1 direction side) of the substrate 1 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sputtering, or the like. In this embodiment, the conductive layer 2 is formed over the entire surface of one surface of the substrate 1. The conductive layer 2 is made of, for example, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), tin oxide (TO), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), or the like. In the process of patterning the conductive layer 2, a groove 21 extending along the Y direction is formed in the conductive layer 2. Therefore, the groove 21 divides the conductive layer 2 on the substrate 1 into a first transparent conductive film 2A and a second transparent conductive film 2B.

[0021] Solar cell 3 is disposed (stacked) on conductive layer 2 (surface in the Z1 direction). Solar cell 3 converts light energy into electrical energy. Solar cell 3 has an electron transport layer 31, a photoelectric conversion layer 32, a hole transport layer 33, and an electrode 34, with the electron transport layer 31, photoelectric conversion layer 32, and hole transport layer 33 disposed in this order along the Z1 direction. When the perovskite solar cell 100 is viewed along the Z direction, each of the electron transport layer 31, photoelectric conversion layer 32, hole transport layer 33, and electrode 34 is rectangular. In this embodiment, when the perovskite solar cell 100 is viewed along the Z direction, the electron transport layer 31, photoelectric conversion layer 32, and hole transport layer 33 are configured to have the same outer shapes as one another.

[0022] The electron transport layer 31 is disposed on the surface of the conductive layer 2 on the Z1 direction side. The electron transport layer 31 is made of titanium dioxide (TiO2). This makes it possible to secure a large surface area for stacking a perovskite layer used as the photoelectric conversion layer 32. The electron transport layer 31 passes through (transports) electrons (free electrons) received from the photoelectric conversion layer 32. In this embodiment, the electron transport layer 31 includes an insulating layer 311 inserted in the groove 21. The insulating layer 311 divides the conductive layer 2 into two sections, the first transparent conductive film 2A and the second transparent conductive film 2B (in the example shown in FIG. 2, it divides the conductive layer 2 into two sections along the X direction). In the electron transport layer 31, electrons can move in the Z direction but have difficulty moving in directions perpendicular to the Z direction (the X and Y directions), restricting movement between the two sections of the conductive layer 2. The electron transport layer 31 is sometimes called a "blocking layer" because it restricts the movement of electrons.

[0023] Since the substrate 1, the conductive layer 2, and the electron transport layer 31 are optically transparent, light such as sunlight and indoor light is guided to the photoelectric conversion layer 32 without being absorbed (or almost without being absorbed) by the substrate 1, the conductive layer 2, and the electron transport layer 31.

[0024] The photoelectric conversion layer 32 absorbs light energy and converts it into electrical energy. Specifically, the photoelectric conversion layer 32 absorbs light and transfers excited electrons and holes to perform photoelectric conversion. The photoelectric conversion layer 32 includes a perovskite layer composed of organic and inorganic perovskite compounds. Specifically, the perovskite layer is produced by reacting a compound composed of lead and a halogen element X (PbX2, where X = the halogen element) with methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I; hereinafter, sometimes abbreviated as "MAI"). The photoelectric conversion layer 32 further includes a porous oxide semiconductor layer (e.g., a porous titanium layer). The pores of this porous oxide semiconductor layer are infiltrated with a solution containing lead and a halogen element X (e.g., a solution of PbI2 in N,N-dimethylformamide), dried, and then immersed in a mixed solution of MAI to produce crystals of the perovskite compound (CH3NH3PbI3 when X = I) that forms the perovskite layer. The halogen element X may be, for example, iodine, bromine, or chlorine, and it is particularly preferable to use iodine, which has high morphological stability.

[0025] The hole transport layer 33 allows holes received from the photoelectric conversion layer 32 to pass through (transports holes). The hole transport layer 33 contains an organic compound such as chlorobenzene as a material. An electrode 34 used as a positive electrode is disposed on the hole transport layer 33 (on the surface facing the Z1 direction).

[0026] 2 and 3, the electrode 34 includes a connection portion 35 that is disposed on (a partial region of) the Z1-direction surface of the conductive layer 2, extending along the Z direction from the surface of the hole transport layer 33 on the Z1 direction side, via each side surface of the solar cell 3. That is, the electrode 34 is electrically insulated from the first transparent conductive film 2A used as one terminal (negative terminal) in the single cell 90, and is electrically connected via the connection portion 35 to the second transparent conductive film 2B used as the other terminal (positive terminal) in the single cell 90. The electrode 34 includes, for example, gold as a material.

[0027] A pair of bus bars B are provided on the surface of the conductive layer 2 on the Z1 direction side. As shown in FIG. 1, each of the pair of bus bars B is arranged (stacked) on the surface of the conductive layer 2 on the Z1 direction side, outside the solar cell 3 in the X direction. Each of the pair of bus bars B is arranged on a partial region of the surface of the conductive layer 2 on the Z1 direction side, spaced apart from the solar cell 3. One of the pair of bus bars B is arranged on the first transparent conductive film 2A, and the other of the pair of bus bars B is arranged on the second transparent conductive film 2B. The pair of bus bars B includes, as a material, an elemental metal such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, or the like, an alloy thereof, or an oxide conductor such as FTO or ITO.

[0028] The coating layer 4 has insulating properties and is disposed on the Z1 direction side of the solar cell 3 and the conductive layer 2 so as to cover the solar cell 3. That is, the coating layer 4 is in contact with the Z1 direction side surface of the electrode 34 of the solar cell 3, the surface along the X direction (surface perpendicular to the X direction), and the surface along the Y direction (surface perpendicular to the Y direction). A portion of the coating layer 4 is also disposed on a portion of the Z1 direction side surface of the conductive layer 2. The coating layer 4 may be a film-like (sheet-like) member. The coating layer 4 is, for example, a porous film, a mesh sheet, an embossed sheet, or the like, and contains resin (PPS: polyphenylene sulfide resin), glass, or the like as a material.

[0029] The first sheet 20 is provided on one side of the laminate 10 in the stacking direction in which the conductive layer 2 and the solar cell 3 are stacked. In this embodiment, this one side in the stacking direction corresponds to the Z2 direction side. Here, in this embodiment, the laminate 10 is stacked on the substrate 1 as described above, and this one side in the stacking direction in which the conductive layer 2 and the solar cell 3 are stacked corresponds to the Z2 direction side of the substrate 1. Therefore, the first sheet 20 is provided on the Z2 direction side of the substrate 1. Here, because light enters the perovskite solar cell 100 from the Z2 direction side as described above, it is preferable that the first sheet 20 be transparent.

[0030] The second sheet 30 is provided on the other side in the stacking direction of the laminate 10. In this embodiment, the other side in the stacking direction corresponds to the Z1 direction side. Therefore, the second sheet 30 is provided on the Z1 direction side of the laminate 10.

[0031] The sealing layer 40 is disposed between one of the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the sealing layer 40 is disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10, and the surface of the substrate 1 on the Z2 direction side and the first sheet 20 are disposed opposite (in contact with) each other.

[0032] The sealing layer 40 is disposed so as to cover the laminate 10. As shown in Fig. 2, the area of ​​the sealing layer 40 in a plan view is larger than the area of ​​the laminate 10. The sealing layer 40 is in close contact with the laminate 10, and protects the substrate 1, the conductive layer 2, and the laminate 10 from external forces acting on the perovskite solar cell 100, etc.

[0033] The laminate 10 and the sealing layer 40 are sealed by the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30. In this embodiment, the sealing layer 40 is provided only between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10. However, when sealing with the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30 with a sheet-like sealing layer material that becomes the sealing layer 40 disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10, heat and pressure are applied to seal with the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30 in a state where the sealing layer 40 abuts on the surface of the laminate 10 in the Z1 direction and on the surface of the conductive layer 2 in the portion where the laminate 10 is not placed. As shown in FIG. 2 , the substrate 1 and the conductive layer 2 are sealed with the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30 in a state where the sealing layer 40 is located on both outer sides along the X direction.

[0034] The perovskite solar cell 100 configured as described above generates electricity as follows. When light, such as sunlight or indoor light, enters from the substrate 1 side (the side in the Z2 direction), it passes through the substrate 1 and the electron transport layer 31, and most of the light reaches the photoelectric conversion layer 32. When the photoelectric conversion layer 32 absorbs light energy, some of the electrons in the valence band of the photoelectric conversion layer 32 are excited to the conduction band, and holes are generated in the places where the excited electrons from the valence band were. To prevent the generated holes from recombining with electrons and losing charge, the electrons are attracted to the electron transport layer 31 and then move to the conductive layer 2, and the holes are attracted to the hole transport layer 33 and then move to the electrode 34. This creates a potential difference between the conductive layer 2 and the electrode 34, enabling the perovskite solar cell 100 to generate electricity. Note that while electrons moving through the electron transport layer 31 move smoothly along the Z2 direction to reach the conductive layer 2, as described above, their movement in the direction perpendicular to the Z direction (the X direction) is restricted by the insulating layer 311. In other words, the perovskite solar cell 100 is configured so that the conductive layer 2 and the electrode 34 do not short-circuit with each other.

[0035] As described above, the perovskite solar cell 100 has the sealing layer 40 disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10, and no sealing layer 40 disposed between the first sheet 20 and the laminate 10 (i.e., between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1), thereby reducing the total amount of heat generated.

[0036] Second Embodiment Next, a perovskite solar cell 100 according to a second embodiment will be described. In the perovskite solar cell 100 of the first embodiment, the sealing layer 40 is disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10, but not between the first sheet 20 and the laminate 10 (i.e., between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1). However, the perovskite solar cell 100 according to the second embodiment differs from the perovskite solar cell 100 of the first embodiment in that the sealing layer 40 is disposed between the first sheet 20 and the laminate 10 (i.e., between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1), but not between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10. Below, the differences from the perovskite solar cell 100 of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

[0037] 4 shows a side cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell 100 according to the second embodiment. The perovskite solar cell 100 of this embodiment includes a laminate 10, a first sheet 20, a second sheet 30, and a sealing layer 40, similar to the first embodiment.

[0038] In this embodiment, the sealing layer 40 is disposed between the first sheet 20 and the laminate 10. Here, the laminate 10 is provided on the substrate 1 via the conductive layer 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the sealing layer 40 is disposed between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1, and the surface of the coating layer 4 covering the laminate 10 on the Z1 direction side and the second sheet 30 are disposed facing (in contact with) each other.

[0039] The sealing layer 40 is sealed by the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30. That is, the sealing layer 40 is sealed by the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30 in a state in which the sealing layer 40 abuts against the surface of the substrate 1 on the Z2 direction side. In the present embodiment, the sealing layer 40 is provided only between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1, but by disposing a sheet-like sealing layer material that becomes the sealing layer 40 between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1 and applying heat and pressure when sealing with the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30, the sealing layer 40 will also wrap around to the surface of the conductive layer 2 on the Z1 direction side.

[0040] Even with this configuration, the perovskite solar cell 100 has the sealing layer 40 placed between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1, and no sealing layer 40 is placed between the Z1 direction side surface of the coating layer 4 covering the laminate 10 and the second sheet 30, thereby reducing the total heat generation.

[0041] Third Embodiment Next, a perovskite solar cell 100 according to a third embodiment will be described. The perovskite solar cell 100 according to the third embodiment is configured so that the volume of the encapsulation layer 40 can be further reduced compared to the perovskite solar cells 100 according to the first and second embodiments.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 5, the sealing layer 40 of this embodiment is configured to include a thick portion 51 having a predetermined thickness and a thin portion 52 having a thickness thinner than that of the thick portion 51.

[0043] FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a sealing layer material 50 that constitutes the sealing layer 40 of this embodiment. The sealing layer material 50 is provided with a through-hole 53 that penetrates in the thickness direction. In the example of FIG. 6, the through-hole 53 is configured as a hole. By placing the sealing layer material 50 having such a through-hole 53 on the Z1 direction side of the laminate 10 and sealing it with the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30, the through-hole 53 shrinks in diameter and no longer penetrates due to the heat and pressure applied during sealing, and the portion that was the through-hole 53 becomes a thin-walled portion 52 that is thinner than the thick-walled portion 51 corresponding to the portion of the sealing layer material 50 where the through-hole 53 was not provided. This makes it possible to reduce the total amount of heat generated compared to a configuration without the thin-walled portion 52.

[0044] 6 has been described with reference to an example in which the sealing layer material 50 has hole-like through-holes 53, but it is also possible to configure the sealing layer material 50 with a plurality of strips 41, as shown in FIG. 7, for example. In this case, the through-holes 53 are formed between two adjacent strips 41. Even with such a sealing layer material 50, by sealing with the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30, the distance between the two adjacent strips 41 becomes narrower (the through-holes 53 are eliminated), and it is possible to configure a thin-walled portion 52 that is thinner than the thick-walled portion 51. Furthermore, when reducing the volume of the sealing layer 40, it is possible to use a sealing layer material 50 having a hole-like through-hole 53 as shown in FIG. 6, or a sealing layer material 50 consisting of a plurality of spaced apart strips 41 as shown in FIG. 7. However, it is also possible to reduce the volume of the sealing layer 40 by, for example, using a recess (non-through-hole) instead of the through-hole 53, or by configuring at least one of the one surface and the other surface of the sealing layer material 50 in a stepped shape.

[0045] In Figure 5, as in the first embodiment described above, an example is shown in which a sealing layer 40 is arranged between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10, and a sealing layer 40 is not arranged between the first sheet 20 and the laminate 10. However, as in the second embodiment, a sealing layer 40 may be arranged between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1, and no sealing layer 40 may be provided between the Z1 direction side surface of the coating layer 4 covering the laminate 10 and the second sheet 30, so that the coating layer 4 and the second sheet 30 face each other (are in contact) (not shown).

[0046] When the sealing layer material 50 has the through-hole 53 as in the present embodiment, by applying heat and pressure when sealing with the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30, the materials of the sealing layer material 50 surrounding the through-hole 53 can be fused together to form a single sealing layer 40. Therefore, the sealing layer material 50 having the through-hole 53 can be used in the same way as the sealing layer material 50 not having the through-hole 53, and the volume of the sealing layer 40 can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of heat generated.

[0047] [Fourth embodiment] Next, a perovskite solar cell 100 according to a fourth embodiment will be described. The perovskite solar cell 100 of the fourth embodiment differs from the perovskite solar cell 100 of the third embodiment in that sealing layers (a first sealing layer 61 and a second sealing layer 62) are provided on the Z1 direction side and the Z2 direction side of the laminate 10.

[0048] FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell 100 of this embodiment. In this embodiment, a first sealing layer 61 is disposed between the first sheet 20 and the laminate 10, and a second sealing layer 62 is disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10. That is, the first sealing layer 61 is disposed between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1, and the second sealing layer 62 is disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10. Similar to the perovskite solar cell 100 of the second embodiment, the second sealing layer 62 has a thick portion 51 of a predetermined thickness and a thin portion 52 that is thinner than the thick portion 51. Therefore, the laminate 10, the first sealing layer 61, and the second sealing layer 62 are sealed by the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30.

[0049] Of course, thick portion 51 and thin portion 52 may be provided in first sealing layer 61 without providing thick portion 51 and thin portion 52 in second sealing layer 62.

[0050] Even with this configuration, perovskite solar cell 100 can reduce the volume of first sealing layer 61 or second sealing layer 62 by using thin-walled portion 52, and therefore the total amount of heat generated can be reduced.

[0051] Fifth Embodiment Next, a perovskite solar cell 100 according to a fifth embodiment will be described. The perovskite solar cell 100 of the fifth embodiment differs from the perovskite solar cell 100 of the fourth embodiment in that a thick portion 51 and a thin portion 52 are provided in each of the first sealing layer 61 and the second sealing layer 62.

[0052] FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell 100 of this embodiment. In this embodiment, a first sealing layer 61 is disposed between the first sheet 20 and the laminate 10, and a second sealing layer 62 is disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10. That is, the first sealing layer 61 is disposed between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1, and the second sealing layer 62 is disposed between the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10. In this embodiment, both the first sealing layer 61 and the second sealing layer 62 have a thick portion 51 of a predetermined thickness and a thin portion 52 that is thinner than the thick portion 51. Therefore, the laminate 10, the first sealing layer 61, and the second sealing layer 62 are sealed by the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30.

[0053] With this configuration, perovskite solar cell 100 can reduce the volumes of both first sealing layer 61 and second sealing layer 62 by using thin-walled portion 52, making it possible to further reduce the total amount of heat generated.

[0054] Other Embodiments Next, other embodiments of the perovskite solar cell 100 will be described.

[0055] For example, as shown in FIG. 10 , a first sealing layer 61 may be provided between the first sheet 20 and the substrate 1, and a second sealing layer 62 may be provided between the second sheet 30 and the coating layer 4, thereby increasing the pressing force when sealing the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30. This increases the amount of protrusion of the first sealing layer 61 and the second sealing layer 62 at both outer portions along the X direction (portions A in FIG. 10 ) of the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30. The protruding portions (portions A) may be removed. Even with this configuration, the volume of the sealing layer 40 can be reduced, thereby reducing the total heat generation of the perovskite solar cell 100. Of course, even with this configuration, at least one of the first sealing layer 61 and the second sealing layer 62 may have a thick portion 51 and a thin portion 52.

[0056] [Summary of the above embodiment] The above-described perovskite solar cell 100 will now be outlined.

[0057] (1) A perovskite solar cell 100 comprises a laminate 10 having a conductive layer 2 arranged on a substrate 1 and a solar cell 3 arranged on the conductive layer 2, a first sheet 20 provided on one side of the laminate 10 in the stacking direction in which the conductive layer 2 and the solar cell 3 are stacked, a second sheet 30 provided on the other side of the laminate 10 in the stacking direction, and a sealing layer 40 provided between one of the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30 and the laminate 10, and the laminate 10 and the sealing layer 40 are sealed by the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 30.

[0058] According to this configuration, the sealing layer 40 is disposed only on one side or the other side of the stacking direction of the laminate 10, so the volume of the sealing layer 40 provided in the perovskite solar cell 100 can be reduced compared to when sealing layers 40 are provided on both one side and the other side of the stacking direction of the laminate 10. Therefore, the total heat generation of the perovskite solar cell 100 can be reduced.

[0059] (2) In the perovskite solar cell 100 described in (1), the encapsulation layer 40 preferably includes a thick portion 51 having a predetermined thickness and a thin portion 52 having a thickness thinner than that of the thick portion 51.

[0060] According to this configuration, the volume of thin portion 52 can be made smaller than the volume of thick portion 51. Therefore, compared to when sealing layer 40 is configured only with thick portion 51, the volume of sealing layer 40 can be reduced by the amount of thin portion 52 provided.

[0061] (3) Perovskite solar cell 100 comprises a laminate 10 having a conductive layer 2 arranged on substrate 1 and a solar cell 3 arranged on the conductive layer 2, a first sheet 20 arranged on one side of laminate 10 in the stacking direction in which conductive layer 2 and solar cell 3 are stacked, a second sheet 30 arranged on the other side of laminate 10 in the stacking direction, a first sealing layer 61 arranged between first sheet 20 and laminate 10, and a second sealing layer 62 arranged between second sheet 30 and laminate 10, wherein one of first sealing layer 61 and second sealing layer 62 includes a thick portion 51 of a predetermined thickness and a thin portion 52 that is thinner than the thickness of thick portion 51, and laminate 10, first sealing layer 61 and second sealing layer 62 are sealed by first sheet 20 and second sheet 30.

[0062] According to this configuration, even when first sealing layer 61 is arranged on one side of stacked body 10 in the stacking direction and second sealing layer 62 is arranged on the other side of stacked body 10 in the stacking direction, one of first sealing layer 61 and second sealing layer 62 is provided with thin-walled portion 52 that allows the volume to be reduced, so that the total volume of first sealing layer 61 and second sealing layer 62 included in perovskite solar cell 100 can be reduced by the amount of thin-walled portion 52. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the total heat generation of perovskite solar cell 100.

[0063] (4) In the perovskite solar cell 100 described in (3), it is preferable that the other of first sealing layer 61 and second sealing layer 62 also includes thick portion 51 and thin portion 52.

[0064] According to this configuration, the first sealing layer 61 on one side of the stacking direction and the second sealing layer 62 on the other side of the stacking direction each have a thin-walled portion 52 that can reduce the volume, so that the total volume of the first sealing layer 61 and the second sealing layer 62 provided in the perovskite solar cell 100 can be further reduced. [Industrial Applicability]

[0065] The technology disclosed herein can be used in perovskite solar cells. [Explanation of symbols]

[0066] 1: substrate, 2: conductive layer, 3: solar cell, 10: laminate, 20: first sheet, 30: second sheet, 40: sealing layer, 51: thick portion, 52: thin portion, 61: first sealing layer, 62: second sealing layer, 100: perovskite solar cell

Claims

1. a laminate including a conductive layer disposed on a substrate and a solar cell disposed on the conductive layer; a first sheet provided on one side of the laminate in a stacking direction in which the conductive layer and the solar cell are stacked; a second sheet provided on the other side of the laminate in the stacking direction; a sealing layer disposed between one of the first sheet and the second sheet and the laminate; Equipped with A perovskite solar cell, in which the laminate and the sealing layer are sealed by the first sheet and the second sheet.

2. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 1 , wherein the encapsulation layer includes a thick portion having a predetermined thickness and a thin portion having a thickness thinner than that of the thick portion.

3. a laminate including a conductive layer disposed on a substrate and a solar cell disposed on the conductive layer; a first sheet provided on one side of the laminate in a stacking direction in which the conductive layer and the solar cell are stacked; a second sheet provided on the other side of the laminate in the stacking direction; a first sealing layer disposed between the first sheet and the laminate; a second sealing layer disposed between the second sheet and the laminate; Equipped with one of the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer includes a thick portion having a predetermined thickness and a thin portion having a thickness thinner than the thick portion, A perovskite solar cell in which the laminate, the first encapsulating layer, and the second encapsulating layer are encapsulated by the first sheet and the second sheet.

4. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 3 , wherein the other of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer also includes the thick portion and the thin portion.

Images