Composition for suppressing trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel composition for suppressing trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production.SOLUTION: The means for solving the above problems is a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production, comprising a combination of indigestible dextrin and inulin.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production, which comprises indigestible dextrin and inulin. [Background technology]

[0002] It has been revealed that a deterioration of the intestinal environment has various adverse effects on the body. One method for improving the intestinal environment is to ingest prebiotics such as dietary fiber and oligosaccharides (Patent Document 1).

[0003] Incidentally, Patent Document 1 shows that a nutritional composition containing indigestible dextrin and inulin in a content ratio within a specified range has the effect of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria and effectively suppressing gas production. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7146028 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present inventors have discovered that the inhibitory effect on trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production is significantly enhanced by combining indigestible dextrin with inulin, and have completed the present invention.

[0007] [1] That is, the present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production, which comprises indigestible dextrin and inulin. The composition of the present invention has an inhibitory effect on trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production.

[0008] [2] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is the composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to [1], wherein the mass ratio of the indigestible dextrin to the inulin is 1:0.1 to 1:5.

[0009] [3] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to [1] or [2], which is for inhibiting the production of trimethylamine and kynurenine.

[0010] [4] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is the composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to any one of [1] to [3], which is an enteral composition.

[0011] [5] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to any one of [1] to [4], which is intended for application to elderly people.

[0012] [6] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to any one of [1] to [5], which is a nutritional composition.

[0013] [7] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is Protein content is between 0.5g and 5g per 100kcal. Fat content is between 0g and 8g per 100kcal. Carbohydrate content: 10g to 30g per 100kcal The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein

[0014] [8] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to any one of [1] to [6], which contains carnitine and / or choline.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a nutritional composition comprising carnitine and / or choline, indigestible dextrin, and inulin. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] The composition of the present invention is suitable as a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows the results of Example 1. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 shows the results of Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following preferred embodiments and can be freely modified within the scope of the present invention. In this specification, percentages are expressed by mass unless otherwise specified.

[0019] <1> Composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production

[0020] The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production of the present invention contains indigestible dextrin and inulin as active ingredients. First, preferred embodiments of each component will be described.

[0021] (1) Active ingredients (1-1) About indigestible dextrin The composition contains resistant dextrin, which is a type of water-soluble dietary fiber obtained from starch.

[0022] The number average molecular weight of the indigestible dextrin is preferably 500 to 10,000, more preferably 500 to 5,000, even more preferably 1,000 to 4,000, and most preferably 1,000 to 3,000.

[0023] The total content of indigestible dextrin is preferably 0.00001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.001% by mass, more preferably 0.01% by mass, more preferably 0.1% by mass, even more preferably 1% by mass, and particularly preferably 1.5% by mass or more. The upper limit of the content of indigestible dextrin is 90% by mass or less, preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 4% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, and more preferably 2% by mass or less, in total.

[0024] The nutritional composition may contain, as the indigestible dextrin, indigestible dietary fibers obtained by heating and enzymatically treating starch or wheat flour, such as trade names "Pine Fiber" and "Fibersol 2" (manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), "Fiberest (registered trademark) Indigestible Dextrin HF", "Fiberest (registered trademark) Indigestible Dextrin LS" (Sanyosha Co., Ltd.), "Okunos Dietary Fiber" (manufactured by Horika Foods Co., Ltd.), and "Nutriose FB06" (manufactured by Rocket Japan Co., Ltd.).

[0025] The resistant dextrin may be, for example, a water-soluble dietary fiber obtained by subjecting plant-derived starch to acidification (addition of a mineral acid) and / or heating to obtain roasted dextrin, followed by enzymatic treatment with α-amylase and / or glucoamylase as necessary, followed by desalting and / or bleaching as necessary. The plant-derived starch may be, for example, starch derived from corn, wheat, barley, rice, beans, tubers (potato, sweet potato), or tapioca.

[0026] The content of indigestible dextrin can be determined by high performance liquid chromatography (enzyme-HPLC method (AOAC2001.03)).

[0027] (1-2) About inulin In the present invention, inulin is used.

[0028] Inulin is a polysaccharide in which fructose molecules are linearly linked to the fructose residues of sucrose via β(2-1) bonds.

[0029] The degree of polymerization of inulin may be preferably 5-40, more preferably 7-20. As the inulin, commercially available inulin may be used. Examples of the inulin include "FujiFF" and "FujiFF HS" (manufactured by Fuji Nippon Seito Co., Ltd.), and "Inulia" (manufactured by Teijin Limited).

[0030] The inulin content is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.5% by mass or more. In addition, the inulin content is 90% by mass or less, preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 4% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, and more preferably 1% by mass or less.

[0031] (1-3) Preferred embodiments of the active ingredient The composition of the present invention contains both indigestible dextrin and inulin as active ingredients.

[0032] Here, the mass ratio of the indigestible dextrin to inulin is preferably 1:0.1 to 1:5, more preferably 1:0.1 to 1:4, more preferably 1:0.2 to 1:3, more preferably 1:0.3 to 1:2.5, and more preferably 1:0.4 to 1:2. The nutritional composition in the above form is more suitable as a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production.

[0033] (2) Use Next, a more preferred embodiment of the application will be described.

[0034] The composition of the present invention can be used as a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production.

[0035] Trimethylamine has been reported to be associated with age-related diseases. More specifically, lecithin (choline) and carnitine contained in food are metabolized to trimethylamine by some intestinal bacteria, which are then metabolized to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the liver by host-derived enzymes. This is known to be associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Therefore, inhibiting trimethylamine production can prevent or improve age-related diseases, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cognitive decline.

[0036] Trimethylamine is also a substance that tends to accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is also a component that causes kidney fibrosis. Therefore, inhibiting trimethylamine production can prevent or improve kidney disease.

[0037] Kynurenine is a metabolite of tryptophan and is produced by enterobacteria in the brain and intestines. Because neurotoxic substances are produced by the metabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine, kynurenine production is known to be involved in neurological disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, the metabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine reduces the production of serotonin, another tryptophan metabolite, and it is thought that this reduced production of serotonin may be involved in depression and anxiety disorders. Therefore, inhibiting the production of kynurenine can prevent or improve depression, schizophrenia, neurological disorders, and anxiety disorders.

[0038] As described above, a composition containing indigestible dextrin and inulin can be used as a composition for preventing or ameliorating age-related diseases, a composition for preventing or ameliorating cardiovascular diseases, a composition for preventing or ameliorating Alzheimer's disease, a composition for preventing or ameliorating Parkinson's disease, a composition for preventing or ameliorating cognitive decline, and a composition for preventing or ameliorating kidney disease. Furthermore, a composition containing indigestible dextrin and inulin can be used as a composition for preventing or ameliorating depression, a composition for preventing or ameliorating schizophrenia, a composition for preventing or ameliorating neurological disorders, and a composition for preventing or ameliorating anxiety disorders.

[0039] (3) Form of composition

[0040] First, the dosage form of the composition will be described in more detail.

[0041] The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production is preferably a food composition or a pharmaceutical composition.

[0042] Here, the composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production can be formulated into a desired dosage form depending on the administration method. For example, in the case of oral administration, it can be formulated into solid preparations such as powders, granules, tablets, and capsules; or liquid preparations such as solutions, syrups, suspensions, and emulsions. In addition, in the case of parenteral administration, it can be formulated into suppositories, sprays, ointments, patches, injections, etc.

[0043] Here, the composition is preferably an enteral composition.

[0044] Also preferably, the composition is a nutritional composition.

[0045] The composition may be in the form of a liquid, paste, gel (jelly), powder or solid, and is preferably in the form of a liquid or gel.

[0046] The composition is preferably flowable. For example, it may be a flowable liquid or gel composition. For example, the composition may be a liquid food.

[0047] The liquid form of the composition makes it easier for the elderly, for example, to take, and furthermore, it can be administered to a subject orally or via a tube.

[0048] Here, the composition is preferably intended for elderly people, more specifically, the composition is preferably a nutritional composition intended to be administered (ingested) by subjects aged 65 or older, more preferably 70 or older.

[0049] The osmolality of the composition may be, for example, 100 mOsm / L to 1000 mOsm / L, preferably 200 mOsm / L to 800 mOsm / L, and more preferably 300 mOsm / L to 700 mOsm / L. The osmolality is measured using an osmometer. The osmometer is an Advanced Instruments Osmometer Model 3250.

[0050] The pH of the composition at 20°C is preferably 3.0 to 8.0, more preferably 3.5 to 7.5, and even more preferably 3.5 to 7.0.

[0051] The specific gravity of the composition at 20°C is preferably 0.8 to 1.5, more preferably 0.9 to 1.4, and more preferably 1.0 to 1.2. The specific gravity can be a value measured using a glass standard hydrometer.

[0052] The viscosity of the composition at 20°C is preferably from 1 mPa·s to 30,000 mPa·s, and more preferably from 5 mPa·s to 1,800 mPa·s. When the composition is in a liquid state, the viscosity is preferably 10 mPa·s to 100 mPa·s. When the composition is in a gel state, the viscosity is preferably 1000 mPa·s to 3000 mPa·s. The viscosity can be measured using a known viscometer (for example, VISCOMETER TVB-10).

[0053] In one embodiment, the amount of energy per 1 mL of the composition is preferably 0.5 kcal or more, more preferably 0.6 kcal or more, more preferably 0.7 kcal or more, more preferably 0.8 kcal or more, more preferably 0.9 kcal or more. A high amount of energy per 1 mL of the composition allows for efficient energy intake. The energy content per 1 mL of the composition is preferably 5 kcal or less, more preferably 4 kcal or less, more preferably 3 kcal or less, and even more preferably 2 kcal or less. For example, the composition may have an energy content of 1 kcal to 1.7 kcal per mL.

[0054] It is also preferable that the composition be in a form labeled with the intended use, such as "for inhibiting trimethylamine production" or "for inhibiting kynurenine production." The above-mentioned "indication" includes all indications that have the function of informing consumers of the above-mentioned use. In other words, any indication that can recall or infer the above-mentioned use falls under the category of the above-mentioned "indication," regardless of the purpose of the indication, the content of the indication, the object or medium on which it is displayed, etc. Furthermore, the phrase "labeled" refers to the presence of a labeling act that aims to associate the label with the nutritional composition (product). The labeling act is preferably one that allows consumers to directly recognize the intended use. Specific examples include the act of describing the intended use on the product or product packaging of the composition of the present invention, and the act of describing the intended use in advertisements, price lists, or transaction documents (including those provided by electromagnetic means) related to the product.

[0055] On the other hand, the content to be displayed (labeling content) is preferably labeling approved by the government or the like (e.g., labeling approved under various systems established by the government and made in a manner based on such approval). Examples include labeling for health foods, functional nutritional compositions, enteral nutritional foods, special dietary foods, health functional foods, foods for specified health uses, foods with nutrient functions, foods with functional claims, and quasi-drug compositions. In particular, labeling approved by the Consumer Affairs Agency, such as labeling approved under the Food for Specified Health Uses system or similar systems, can be exemplified. Examples of the latter include labeling as a food for specified health uses, labeling as a conditional food for specified health uses, labeling indicating an effect on the structure or function of the body, and labeling for disease risk reduction. More specifically, typical examples include labeling as a food for specified health uses (especially labeling for health uses) as defined in the Enforcement Regulations of the Health Promotion Act (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Ordinance No. 86 of April 30, 2003) and similar labeling.

[0056] It goes without saying that the term expressing the above-mentioned use is within the scope of the present invention as long as it expresses the action or effect of preventing or improving a disease or the like. Furthermore, it is also preferable that the composition of the present invention includes, in addition to the indication of the intended use, an indication of the active ingredient, and further an indication indicating the relationship between the intended use and the active ingredient.

[0057] Other ingredients that may be included in the composition will now be described in more detail.

[0058] As mentioned above, the composition has the effect of suppressing the production of trimethylamine through metabolism using lecithin (choline) and carnitine contained in food as raw materials. In other words, the composition can be said to be a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production that exhibits more suitable effects when in a form containing lecithin (choline) and / or carnitine. Therefore, the composition is preferably in the form of a composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production, which contains carnitine and / or choline.

[0059] Here, the composition may contain ingredients such as water, sweeteners, fruit juice, vegetable juice, flavorings, colorings, acidulants, etc. The types and content ratios of these ingredients may be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art depending on the desired physical properties, shape, taste, or appearance.

[0060] The composition may also contain other ingredients in addition to the above-mentioned ingredients, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, sugars, amino acids, peptides, vitamins, and minerals.

[0061] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of other ingredients when the composition is a nutritional composition will be described.

[0062] (Protein) The composition may further contain a protein. The protein may be any protein used in foods, including animal proteins such as milk protein, egg protein, and collagen, and vegetable proteins such as soy protein, rice protein, and wheat protein. The protein is particularly preferably a milk protein. Examples of milk proteins that can be used include casein hydrolysates, caseinates such as sodium caseinate and calcium caseinate, milk protein concentrate (MPC), whey protein concentrate (WPC), and whey protein hydrolysates. Furthermore, peptides contained in the hydrolysates may be contained in the composition. An example of such peptides is the tripeptide MKP. The tripeptide MKP is a peptide formed by the combination of three amino acids: methionine (M), lysine (K), and proline (P).

[0063] The composition preferably contains at least 0.2 g, more preferably at least 0.5 g, more preferably at least 1 g, more preferably at least 2 g of protein per 100 kcal of energy of the nutritional composition. The composition preferably contains no more than 10 g, more preferably no more than 7 g, more preferably no more than 5 g, more preferably no more than 4 g of protein per 100 kcal of energy of the nutritional composition.

[0064] (Fat) The composition may further comprise a lipid. The lipid may be any oil or fat used in food, including vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and corn oil, and animal oils such as fish oil, without any particular limitation. Preferably, the lipid comprises vegetable oil. In a preferred embodiment, the lipid comprises medium-chain triglycerides (hereinafter also referred to as MCTs).

[0065] The composition preferably contains 0 g or more, preferably 1 g or more, preferably 1.5 g or more, more preferably 2 g or more of lipid per 100 kcal of energy of the nutritional composition. The composition preferably contains 15 g or less, more preferably 10 g or less, more preferably 8 g, more preferably 6 g or less, more preferably 5 g or less, more preferably 4 g or less, more preferably 3 g or less of lipid per 100 kcal of energy of the nutritional composition.

[0066] (carbohydrates) The composition preferably contains 5 g or more, preferably 8 g or more, more preferably 10 g or more, more preferably 15 g or more of carbohydrates per 100 kcal of energy of the nutritional composition. The composition preferably contains 50 g or less, more preferably 40 g or less, more preferably 30 g or less, more preferably 20 g or less of carbohydrates per 100 kcal of energy of the nutritional composition.

[0067] <2> Nutritional Composition A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a nutritional composition comprising carnitine and / or choline, indigestible dextrin, and inulin. The carnitine content in the nutritional composition is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.010% by mass or more, and 0.050% by mass or less, preferably 0.040% by mass or less, more preferably 0.030% by mass or less, more preferably 0.020% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.015% by mass or less. The choline content in the nutritional composition is preferably 0.0005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0010% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0015% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0050% by mass or more, and 0.08% by mass or less, preferably 0.06% by mass or less, more preferably 0.02% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.01% by mass or less. The nutritional composition in the above form can suppress trimethylamine production even when it contains carnitine and / or choline.

[0068] Here, preferred embodiments of the nutritional composition include: <1> The contents of the above can be cited. [Example]

[0069] <1> Example 1: Test of combined use of indigestible dextrin and inulin Eight fecal samples from elderly people were cultured for 24 hours in the test media (i) to (iv) below, and then metabolomic analysis of the culture supernatant was performed. In this example, the indigestible dextrin used was corn-derived indigestible dextrin with an average molecular weight of about 2000. In addition, the inulin used had an average chain length of 14-16.

[0070] Test medium: (i) No additive group (ii) Indigestible dextrin-added group (1% of the medium was added with indigestible dextrin) (iii) Inulin-added group (1% inulin added to the medium) (iv) Group containing indigestible dextrin and inulin (containing 0.5% indigestible dextrin and 0.5% inulin)

[0071] The results are shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, (iv) in the group to which indigestible dextrin and inulin were added, the production of trimethylamine and kynurenine was significantly suppressed.

[0072] That is, it was found that the composition containing indigestible dextrin and inulin in combination has an excellent inhibitory effect on trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production.

[0073] <2> Example 2: Examination of the preferred ratio of indigestible dextrin to inulin Next, a test was conducted to investigate the preferred ratio of indigestible dextrin to inulin. As shown in Figure 2, the ratio of indigestible dextrin to inulin was adjusted, and each was subjected to a fecal culture test (N=1).

[0074] The results are shown in Figure 2. In Fig. 2, ND indicates a test example using only indigestible dextrin (Test Example 1 in Fig. 2), and Inu indicates a test example using only inulin (Test Example 8 in Fig. 2). Also, in Fig. 2, NI X:Y indicates that the ratio of indigestible dextrin:inulin = X:Y. The vertical axis of FIG. 2 is pH, and the horizontal axis is time (minutes).

[0075] First, as shown in Figure 2, in the test example in which only indigestible dextrin was used (Test Example 1 in Figure 2), no decrease in pH was observed after 480 minutes of culture. In addition, in the test example in which only inulin was used (Test Example 8 in Figure 2), the pH decreased after 480 minutes, and then increased significantly.

[0076] Here, in the test examples where the ratio of indigestible dextrin to inulin was 7:1 to 1:5 (Test Examples 2 to 7 in Figure 2), a decrease in pH after cultivation was confirmed, and it was found that the decreased pH state was maintained for a longer period.

[0077] Furthermore, in the test examples where the ratio of indigestible dextrin to inulin was 7:1 to 1:3 (Test Examples 2 to 5 in Figure 2), a decrease in pH after cultivation was confirmed, and it was found that the decreased pH was maintained for a longer period. That is, when indigestible dextrin and inulin are combined, it is more preferable to use the above ratio.

[0078] Here, the lower the pH of the intestinal environment, the more effective the inhibitory effect on trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production. Therefore, by combining indigestible dextrin and inulin in the above ratio, a nutritional composition having a more effective inhibitory effect on trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production can be provided. [Industrial Applicability]

[0079] The present invention can be used in nutritional compositions.

Claims

1. A composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production, comprising indigestible dextrin and inulin.

2. 2. The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the indigestible dextrin to the inulin is 1:0.1 to 1:

5.

3. 3. A composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to claim 1 or 2, for inhibiting the production of trimethylamine and kynurenine.

4. The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to claim 1 or 2, which is an enteral composition.

5. 3. A composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to claim 1 or 2, for application to elderly people.

6. The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to claim 1 or 2, which is a nutritional composition.

7. Protein content: 0.5g to 5g per 100kcal Fat content is between 0g and 8g per 100kcal. Carbohydrate content: 10g to 30g per 100kcal The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

8. 3. The composition for inhibiting trimethylamine production and / or kynurenine production according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises carnitine and / or choline.

9. 1. A nutritional composition comprising: A nutritional composition comprising carnitine and / or choline, indigestible dextrin, and inulin.

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