Method for manufacturing structure

Abstract

To improve the workability of a structure.SOLUTION: The method includes a step of attaching the cap 28 to the longitudinal end portion of the front girder 5 and attaching the temporary placement metal fitting 72 into the hollow portion of the front girder 5 through the cap 28, and a step of temporarily placing the side girder 6 on the front girder 5 by fitting the front girder 5 side end portion of the side girder 6 to the temporary placement metal fitting 72 of the front girder 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 28

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a structure such as a carport. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Carports and other structures that are installed on residential lots and the like have been known for some time. For such structures, there is a demand for improved ease of construction. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to improve the workability of structures. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the manufacturing method of a structure according to the invention described in claim 1 is characterized in that it comprises a front girder and a side girder connected to the longitudinal end of the front girder and crossing the front girder, and has the following steps. a. A process of attaching a cap to the longitudinal end of the front girder and installing a temporary mounting bracket through the cap into the hollow portion of the front girder. b. The process of temporarily placing the stringer on the front girder by fitting the front girder side end into the front girder temporary placement fitting.

[0005] The manufacturing method of a structure according to the invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that it comprises a rear girder and a side girder connected to the longitudinal end of the rear girder so as to cross the rear girder, and has the following steps. a. The process of attaching temporary mounting brackets to the rear end of the stringer. b. The process of temporarily placing the stringer on the rear girder by moving the stringer forward and inserting the temporary placement fittings into the grooves that open at the rear of the rear girder.

[0006] The manufacturing method of a structure according to the invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the structure comprises front and rear girders and side girders installed on the longitudinal ends of the front and rear girders, and includes the following steps. a. The process of attaching the front temporary mounting bracket to the longitudinal end of the front girder. b. The process of attaching the rear temporary mounting bracket to the rear end of the stringer. c. A process of temporarily placing the stringer on the front and rear girders by fitting the front girder side end of the stringer into the front temporary placement bracket of the front girder and inserting the rear temporary placement bracket of the stringer into the rear girder. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] The method for manufacturing a structure according to the invention described in claim 1 comprises a front girder and a side girder that is connected to the longitudinal end of the front girder and crosses the front girder, and includes the steps of attaching a cap to the longitudinal end of the front girder and attaching a temporary mounting bracket through the cap into the hollow portion of the front girder, and temporarily mounting the side girder on the front girder by fitting the front girder side end of the side girder into the temporary mounting bracket of the front girder, which makes it easy to attach the side girder, thereby improving workability.

[0008] The manufacturing method of a structure according to the invention described in claim 2 comprises a rear girder and a side girder that is connected to the longitudinal end of the rear girder and crosses the rear girder, and includes the steps of attaching a temporary mounting bracket to the rear girder end of the side girder, and temporarily placing the side girder on the rear girder by moving the side girder forward and inserting the temporary mounting bracket into a groove that opens at the rear side of the rear girder, thereby making it easy to attach the side girder and improving workability.

[0009] The manufacturing method of a structure according to the invention described in claim 3 comprises front and rear girders, and side girders installed on the longitudinal ends of the front and rear girders, and includes the steps of attaching a front temporary mounting bracket to the longitudinal end of the front girder, attaching a rear temporary mounting bracket to the rear girder end of the side girder, and temporarily placing the side girders on the front and rear girders by fitting the front girder end of the side girder into the front temporary mounting bracket of the front girder and inserting the rear temporary mounting bracket of the side girder into the rear girder, thereby making it easy to attach the side girders and improving workability. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a structure of the present invention, viewed obliquely from above. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the structure as seen from diagonally below. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. [Figure 6] 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 taken along line B-B. [Figure 8] 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along CC in FIG. 6. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing one side of the roof. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing the area around the roof beams. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing the connection between the front girder and the side girder. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing the connection between the rear spar and the side girders. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the connection between the beam and the front girder. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the connection between the beam and the rear girder. [Figure 15-1] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the construction procedure for the structure. [Figure 15-2] This is a diagram showing the construction procedure for the same structure (continuation of Figure 15-1). [Figure 15-3] This is a diagram showing the construction procedure for the same structure (continuation of Figure 15-2). [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when the hook fittings and the connecting fittings are attached to the front and rear ends of the beam. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the front end portion of the beam. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when the temporary mounting bracket and the back plate are attached to the rear spar. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when the rear girder is connected to the rear end of the beam. [Figure 20-1] FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the procedure for temporarily placing the rear girder on the rear end of the beam and then aligning and fixing the rear girder in the specified position. [Figure 20-2]This is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the procedure (continuation of Figure 20-1) in which the rear girder is temporarily placed on the rear end of the beam and then fixed in place. [Figure 21] This is an oblique view showing a state in which the relative movement between the rear girder and the beam is restricted by engaging the protrusion of the back plate held on the rear girder with the recess of the connecting fitting of the beam. [Figure 22] 10 is a perspective view showing the state when the beam under cover and the cap are attached to the beam. FIG. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when the temporary mounting bracket and back plate are attached to the front spar. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when the front girder is connected to the front end of the beam. [Figure 25] This is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the procedure of temporarily placing the front girder on the front end of the beam and then aligning and fixing the front girder in the specified position. [Figure 26] FIG. 10 is an oblique view showing the state when a cap and a temporary mounting bracket are attached to the longitudinal end of the front spar. [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when a temporary mounting bracket is attached to the rear end of the stringer. [Figure 28] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when side girders are installed at the longitudinal ends of the front and rear girders. [Figure 29] This is a plan view showing the state when the side girders are temporarily placed on the front and rear girders using the front and rear temporary placement fittings. [Figure 30] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state when the rear spar cover is attached to the rear spar. [Figure 31-1] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing the construction procedure for the roof part of the same structure. [Figure 31-2] This is a diagram showing the construction procedure for the roof part of the same structure (continuation of Figure 31-1). [Figure 32] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which rear spars are connected in the longitudinal direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The description of the embodiment of the invention according to claims 1 to 3 is mainly given in paragraph

[0036] . Figures 1 to 14 show one embodiment of the structure of the present invention. This structure is applied to a carport for one passenger car installed on the site of a house. As shown in Figures 1 to 5, this structure comprises two pillars 1, 1 erected on the left side as viewed from the front, spaced apart in the front-to-rear direction, two beams (one member) 2, 2 supported on the upper ends of the pillars 1, 1, respectively, and a roof 3 supported by the beams 2, 2. As shown in Figure 3, the roof 3 is inclined so that the left side where the pillar 1 is located is lower as viewed from the front.

[0012] In the following explanation, the near side of the roof 3 as viewed from above the water is referred to as the front side, the far side as the rear side, the left side as one side, and the right side as the other side. Also, when viewing the roof 3 from above, the direction along the roof slope is referred to as the front-to-back direction, and the direction perpendicular to the direction of the roof slope is referred to as the left-to-right direction.

[0013] The pillar 1 is made of an extruded aluminum alloy material and is hollow and has a roughly rectangular cross section, as shown in Figure 8. The pillar 1 has two visible faces 1a, 1b on one side and the other side that protrude further rearward than the rear visible face 1c, and a batten 9 is fitted and attached between the edges to form a vertical gutter 10 integral with the pillar 1 for draining rainwater from the roof 3 to the ground. As shown in Figure 3, the bottom of the pillar 1 is inserted into a foundation hole 11 formed in the ground, and concrete 12 is packed around the pillar 1. In order to install this structure near the boundary 13 between the neighboring properties, the foundation hole 11 is provided right next to the boundary 13, and the pillar 1 is positioned eccentrically toward the boundary 13. A predetermined distance A (specifically, approximately 80 mm) is provided between the pillar 1 and the foundation hole 11. As shown in FIG. 6, an L-shaped column-to-beam connector 14 is inserted into the hollow portion at the top of the column 1 and fixed with a bolt 19.

[0014] The beam 2 is made of an extruded aluminum alloy material, and is a hollow material with a roughly rectangular cross section whose vertical dimension is greater than its horizontal dimension, as shown in Figure 10. A groove 15 is formed in the lower surface of the beam 2 along the longitudinal direction, and a beam under-cover 16 is attached by engaging with the groove 15. The beam under-cover 16 protrudes to the left and right from the left and right side surfaces of the beam 2. Roof material supports 17 are attached to the left and right side surfaces of the beam 2. The roof material supports 17 are made of extruded aluminum alloy material and formed with a roughly L-shaped cross section, and have protrusions 18 that protrude on one side and the other side. As shown in Figure 6, the beam 2 is connected to the column 1 by inserting a column-beam connector 14 into the hollow portion and fixing it with a bolt 19. The underwater (rear) end of the beam 2 protrudes further rearward than the column 1.

[0015] As shown in Figures 16 and 17, a hook 55 and connecting fittings (one-side connectors) 56, 56 are attached to the front and rear ends of the beam 2. The hook 55 is U-shaped in plan view, with a pair of vertical pieces 55a, 55a extending along the length of the beam 2 and a horizontal piece 55b connecting the vertical pieces 55a, 55a. A female screw hole 57 is formed in the vertical pieces 55a, 55a. The connecting fitting 56 is L-shaped in plan view, with a vertical piece 56a extending along the length of the beam 2 and a horizontal piece 56b extending laterally from the vertical piece 56a. A bolt insertion hole 58 is formed in each of the vertical piece 56a and the horizontal piece 56b. A recess (engagement portion) 61 is formed at the tip of the horizontal piece 56b to engage with a protrusion (engagement portion) 60 of a back plate (other-side connector) 59, which will be described later. The hook fitting 55 is positioned within the hollow portion of the beam 2 with its pair of vertical pieces 55a, 55a abutting against the inner surfaces of the left and right side walls of the beam 2, and the connecting fittings 56, 56 are positioned with their vertical pieces 56a abutting against the outer surfaces of the side walls of the beam 2, and the hook fitting 55 and the connecting fittings 56, 56 are fixed to the side walls of the beam 2 by screwing a bolt 62 inserted into the bolt insertion hole 58 of the vertical pieces 56a of the connecting fittings 56, 56 into the female threaded hole 57 of the vertical pieces 55a, 55a of the hook fitting 55 and tightening it. 17, a sealer 63 is attached to the horizontal piece 55b of the hook fitting 55. Both ends of the sealer 63 extend beyond the side walls of the beam 2 to the outside.

[0016] As shown in Figure 5, the roof 3 has a roof frame 20 formed by framing a front girder (girder, the other member) 5, a rear girder (girder, the other member) 7, and left and right side girders 6, 6 in a rectangular shape, and multiple roof materials 4, 4, ... arranged in the front-to-back direction inside the roof frame 20 and installed side by side in the left-to-right direction.

[0017] As shown in Figures 6 and 23, the front girder 5 located above the water is made of extruded aluminum alloy and has a cross section that is roughly a right-angled triangle with the upper surface sloping downward toward the outer periphery of the roof 3. The front girder 5 has a roof material support portion 22 at the lower end of its inner peripheral side that supports the underside of the roof material 4, and a mounting portion 24 is formed at the top of the inner peripheral side onto which a mounting bracket 23 for the roof material 4 is placed and screwed.

[0018] As shown in Figure 23, a back plate holding groove 64 is formed along the longitudinal direction on the inner peripheral side surface of the front girder 5, and back plates 59, 59, ... are held in the back plate holding groove 64 so that they can slide in the longitudinal direction of the front girder 5. The back plate 59 has a female threaded hole 65 formed in the center and a protrusion 60 that protrudes toward the inner peripheral side at one side end. Two back plates 59 are placed at intervals at the connection point with the beam 2. The two back plates 59, 59 are placed in an orientation so that the protrusions 60 can engage with the recesses 61 of the connecting fittings 56, 56 (see Figure 17) attached to the front end of the beam 2. At the connection point with the beam 2, notches 66, 66 are provided in the part of the mounting part 24 that interferes with the side wall of the beam 2, and a temporary mounting bracket 67 with a downwardly bent tip is attached to the mounting part 24 between the notches 66, 66 by screwing it in with a screw 68 from above.

[0019] As shown in Figures 13 and 24, the front girder 5 is fixed to the front ends of the beams 2,2 by engaging the protrusions 60 of the back plates 59,59 held to the front girder 5 with the recesses 61 of the connecting fittings 56,56 attached to the front ends of the beams 2,2 on one side and the other side, and then screwing a bolt 69 inserted into the bolt insertion hole 58 of the connecting fittings 56,56 from the inner side into the female threaded hole 65 of the back plates 59,59 and tightening it. In addition, when attaching the front frame 5 to the front end of the beams 2, 2, this structure allows the front girder 5 to be temporarily placed on the beams 2, 2 by hooking the temporary placement bracket 67 attached to the front girder 5 onto the hook bracket 55 attached to the beams 2, 2, thereby improving workability (the same applies to the rear girder 7); this point will be described in detail later.

[0020] As shown in Figure 9, the side girders 6 on one side and the other side are formed from aluminum extrusions with roughly the same right-angled triangular cross section as the front girder 5. The side girder 6 on one side has a plate-shaped protrusion 25 at the middle position in the vertical direction on the inner peripheral side surface that protrudes toward the other side, and a groove 26 with a roughly C-shaped cross section is formed in the lower part of the inner peripheral side surface. The side girder 6 on the other side has a cross-sectional shape that is symmetrical to the side girder 6 on the one side.

[0021] As shown in Figure 11, both longitudinal ends 5a of the front girder 5 are cut at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal ends 6a of the side girders 6 on one and the other sides on the front girder 5 side are cut at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal direction, and the diagonally cut longitudinal ends 5a, 6a of the front girder 5 and the side girders 6 are butted together via a resin cap 28. As shown in Figures 11 and 26, the cap 28 has a plate-like portion 70 that is sandwiched between the ends 5a, 6a of the front girder 5 and the side girders 6, and an insertion guide portion 71 that extends from the plate-like portion 70 along the longitudinal direction of the front girder 5 and the side girders 6 and abuts against the inner surfaces of the front girder 5 and the side girders 6. As shown in Figure 26, one piece 72a of a front temporary mounting bracket 72, which is formed as an L-shaped plate in plan view and penetrates the cap 28, is inserted into the longitudinal end of the front girder 5 so that it abuts against the back side of the upper wall and is attached by screwing with a screw 73 from above. The other piece 72b of the front temporary mounting bracket 72, as shown in Figures 11 and 28, is inserted into the back side of the upper wall of the stringer 6 and is screwed with a screw 73 from above. In this way, the front girder 5 and stringer 6 are connected by the front temporary mounting bracket 72. In addition, this structure improves workability by temporarily placing the side girder 5 on the front girder 5 and the rear girder 7 using a front temporary placement bracket 72 attached to the end of the front girder 5 and a rear temporary placement bracket 75 attached to the rear end of the side girder 6; this point will be described in detail later.

[0022] In this way, this structure has the longitudinal ends 5a, 6a of the front girder 5 and side girder 6 cut at a 45° angle and the diagonally cut longitudinal ends 5a, 6a butted together to connect them, which eliminates the need to individually seal the ends of the front girder 5 and side girder 6, simplifying the construction of the roof frame 20 and improving workability. Also, this structure has the cross-sectional shape of the front girder 5 and side girder 6 as a roughly right-angled triangle with the upper surface sloping downward toward the outer periphery of the roof, which makes the roof 3 appear thinner when viewed from the periphery and improving its design (see Figure 1).

[0023] The rear girder 7, located below the waterline, is formed from an extruded aluminum alloy profile, and as shown in Figure 6, has a main body 30 with an approximately rectangular cross section connected to the beam 2, a gutter 31 attached by screwing to the lower part of the outer side of the main body 30, and a rear girder cover 8 attached to the outer side of the main body 30. The main body 30 has mounting sections 24 formed at the top of its inner peripheral side surface onto which the mounting brackets 23 of the roof material 4 are placed and screwed. As shown in Figure 18, a back plate holding groove 64 is formed along the longitudinal direction on the inner peripheral side surface of the main body 30, and back plates 59, 59, ... are held in the back plate holding groove 64 so that they can slide in the longitudinal direction of the rear girder 7. Two back plates 59 are placed at intervals at the connection points with the beams 2 on one side and the other side. The two back plates 59, 59 are placed in an orientation such that the protrusions 60 can engage with the recesses 61 of the connecting brackets 56, 56 (see Figure 16) attached to the rear ends of the beams 2. At the connection point with the beam 2, notches 66 are provided in the parts of the mounting parts 24 that interfere with the side walls of the beam 2, and temporary mounting brackets 67 with downwardly bent tips are attached to the mounting parts 24 between the notches 66 by screwing them in with screws 68 from above. As shown in Figures 14 and 19, the rear girder 7 is fixed to the rear ends of the beams 2, 2 by engaging the protrusions 60 of the back plates 59, 59 held on the rear girder 7 with the recesses 61 of the connecting fittings 56, 56 attached to the rear ends of the beams 2, 2 on one side and the other, and then screwing a bolt 69 inserted into the bolt insertion hole 58 of the connecting fittings 56, 56 from the inner side into the female threaded hole 65 of the back plates 59, 59 and tightening it.

[0024] As shown in Figure 6, the upper end of the portion of the column 1 that protrudes from the rear facing surface 1c of the facing surfaces 1a, 1b on one side and the other side is cut out, and the gutter 31 is swallowed up into the cutout 32, with its inner peripheral side abutting the rear facing surface 1c of the column 1. Therefore, the entire rear girder 7, including the main body 30 and the gutter 31, is located behind the rear facing surface 1c of the column 1. In this way, because the entire rear girder 7 is located behind the rear facing surface 1c of the column 1, the protrusion dimension B of the roof 3 from the column 1 (see Figure 3) is large. Specifically, the protrusion dimension B of the roof 3 from the column 1 is approximately the same as or greater than the predetermined dimension A between the column 1 and the foundation hole 11. As shown in Figure 6, the gutter 31 has a roofing material receiving portion 33 at the top of the inner periphery that receives the underside of the downstream end of the roofing material 4, and rainwater that flows down the upper surface of the roofing material 4 falls into the gutter 31 through the gap between the roofing material receiving portion 33 and the main body 30. The gutter 31 also has a drainage hole 34 formed in the part that is swallowed by the notch 32 in the pillar 1, and rainwater that enters the gutter 31 flows from the drainage hole 34 to the vertical gutter 10 provided on the rear side of the pillar 1, and is then drained to the ground through a drainage outlet 35 (see Figure 3) that opens outward at the lower end of the vertical gutter 10. The rear spar cover 8 is fastened to the main body 30 from above with screws 36, covers the outer peripheral side surface of the main body 30, and hides the attachment portion of the gutter 31 to the main body 30.

[0025] As shown in Figure 27, one piece 75a of a rear temporary mounting bracket 75 formed in the shape of an L-shaped plate is inserted into the rear end of the stringer 6 so that it abuts against the back side of the upper wall, and is attached by screwing it in place with a screw 76 from above. As shown in Figures 12 and 28, the longitudinal end 7a of the rear girder 7 is cut straight, and the rear girder 7 and the side girder 6 are connected by abutting the longitudinal end 7a of the rear girder 7 against the inner side surface of the side girder 6, inserting the other piece 75b of the rear temporary mounting bracket 75 attached to the rear end of the side girder 6 into a groove 77 formed in the rear girder 7 that is open at the rear, and screwing it in place with a screw 76 from above. As shown in FIG. 30, a plate-shaped resin cap 38 is attached to the rear end of the stringer 6, and the end of the stringer 6 is closed by the cap 38. The rear spar cover 8, which is attached to the outer peripheral side of the rear spar 7, has its longitudinal end protruding beyond the rear spar 7 and overlapping the rear side of the cap 38, covering the end of the stringer 6. The end 8a of the longitudinal end of the rear spar cover 8 is hidden by an end cover 39 provided on the cap 38.

[0026] In this way, this structure simplifies the construction of the roof frame 20 and provides good workability by fixing the longitudinal end 7a of the rear girder 7 in contact with the inner peripheral side of the stringer 6, attaching the rear girder cover 8 to the outer peripheral side of the rear girder 7, and covering the end of the stringer 6 with the rear girder cover 8. Moreover, the rear girder cover 8 continuously covers the end of the stringer 6 and the outer peripheral side of the rear girder 7, which also provides good design. Furthermore, this structure has a cap 38 that hides the small end 8a at the longitudinal end of the rear spar cover 8, further improving the design.

[0027] As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the roof material 4 is stretched across the front girder 5 and the rear girder 7, with multiple sheets installed between the side girder 6 on one side and the beam 2, between the beams 2, 2, and between the beam 2 and the side girder 6 on the other side. Each roofing material 4 is formed from an extruded aluminum alloy member, and is a plate-like member with no hollow portion, as shown in Figures 7, 9, and 10. As shown in Figure 6, each roofing material 4 has mounting brackets 23 attached to its above-water (front) end and its below-water (rear) end, with the above-water mounting bracket 23 placed on and screwed to the mounting part 24 of the front girder 5, and the below-water mounting bracket 23 placed on and screwed to the mounting part 24 of the rear girder 7. The below-water end of the roofing material 4 extends rearward beyond the rear facing surface 1c of the column 1 and is swallowed by the rear girder 7, so that rainwater that flows down the top surface of the roofing material 4 falls into the gutter 31 of the rear girder 7. As will be described later, the roofing materials 4 are attached in order from one end to the other while connecting the side edges to each other.

[0028] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in this structure, the undersides of the roof material 4, front girder 5, side girder 6, and beam 2 (beam under-cover 16) are all roughly flush with each other. The width of the beam under-cover 16 is the same as the width of the roof material 4. As a result, in this structure, the underside of the roof 3 is formed flat, and when looking up at the roof 3 from below, the front girder 5 and side girder 6 are not noticeable, and the beam under-cover 16 is indistinguishable from the roof material 4, resulting in a very neat design (see Figure 2). Furthermore, in this structure, the roof material 4, front girder 5, side girder 6 and the underside of the beam 2 are all roughly flush, so as shown in Figure 3, when viewed from one side or the other, almost the lower half of the beam 2 is hidden by the side girder 6 of the roof 3, making it invisible. This means that the beam 2 is less noticeable than in conventional carports where the roof is placed on top of or suspended below the beams, resulting in a simpler, sharper appearance than ever before.

[0029] As shown in Figures 7, 9, and 10, there are three types of roofing materials 4: end roofing material 4a, which is placed at one end of the beam; one-side beam roofing material 4b, which is placed adjacent to one side of the beam 2; and other roofing material (hereinafter referred to as intermediate roofing material) 4c.

[0030] As shown in Figure 9, the end roofing material 4a has a flat, plate-like flat portion 40, a rising portion 41 that rises from the flat portion on one side, a protruding portion 42 that protrudes to one side from the upper end of the rising portion 41, a rising portion 43 that rises from the flat portion 40 on the other side, and a protruding portion 44 that protrudes to the other side from the upper end of the rising portion 43. One side edge 45 of the flat portion is formed in a shape that rises slightly from the flat portion 40 and then curves toward one side, and a protrusion 47 is formed on the other side edge 46 of the flat portion 40. One side edge 45 of the flat portion 40 is located on one side of the protruding portion 42 on one side. The other side edge 46 of the flat portion 40 is located on the other side of the protruding portion 44 on the other side. The end roof material 4a has one side protrusion 42 overlapping under the protrusion 25 of the stringer 6 and secured in place with a screw 48 from above. One side edge 45 of the end roof material 4a is fitted into the groove 26 of the stringer 6. This forms a hollow portion 49 with a roughly rectangular cross section below the connection between the stringer 6 and the end roof material 4a. The underside of the stringer 6 and the underside of the end roof material 4a are flush with each other.

[0031] As shown in Figure 9, the intermediate roofing member 4c has a flat, plate-like flat portion 40, a rising portion 41 extending from the flat portion 40 on one side, a protruding portion 42 extending from the upper end of the rising portion 41 to one side, a rising portion 43 extending from the flat portion 40 on the other side, and a protruding portion 44 extending from the upper end of the rising portion 43 to the other side. A hanging piece 50 is provided at the tip of the protruding portion 42 on one side. One side edge 45 of the flat portion 40 is slightly raised from the flat portion 40 and curved toward one side, and the other side edge 46 of the flat portion 40 has a protrusion 47. The one side edge 45 of the flat portion 40 is located on the other side of the protruding portion 44 on the other side of the roofing member adjacent to it (the end roofing member 4a or the intermediate roofing member 4c). The other side edge 46 of the flat portion is located on the other side of the protruding portion 44 on the other side. The intermediate roofing material 4c has one side protrusion 42 overlapping the other side protrusion 44 of the adjacent roofing materials 4a, 4c from above, and is fastened with screws 48 from above. One side edge 45 of the intermediate roofing material 4c and the other side edge 46 of the adjacent roofing materials 4a, 4c abut or are close to each other at a position on the other side of the other side protrusion 44 of the adjacent roofing materials 4a, 4c. As a result, a hollow portion 51 with a roughly rectangular cross section is formed below the joint between the adjacent roofing materials 4a, 4c. The flat plate portion 40 of the intermediate roofing material 4c and the flat plate portions 40 of the adjacent roofing materials 4a, 4c are flush with each other. As shown in Figure 10, the intermediate roofing material 4c is also attached to a position adjacent to the other side of the beam 2. In this case, the protrusion 42 on one side of the intermediate roofing material 4c is overlapped on the protrusion 18 on the other side of the beam 2 and screwed in place, and the one side edge 45 of the intermediate roofing material 4c is located on the other side of the protrusion 18 on the other side of the beam 2 and abuts or is close to the protrusion 47 on the other side edge 54 of the beam under-cover 16. This forms a hollow portion 53 with a roughly rectangular cross section below the connection between the intermediate roofing material 4c and the beam 2. The underside of the intermediate roofing material 4c and the underside of the beam under-cover 16 are flush with each other.

[0032] As shown in Figure 10, the roofing material 4b on one side of the beam has a flat, plate-like flat portion 40, a rising portion 41 extending from the flat portion 40 on one side, a protruding portion 42 extending from the upper end of the rising portion 41 to one side, a rising portion 43 extending from the flat portion 40 on the other side, and a protruding portion 44 extending from the upper end of the rising portion 43 to the other side. Hanging pieces 50 are provided at the tips of the protruding portions 42, 44 on one side and the other. One side edge 45 of the flat portion 40 is slightly raised from the flat portion 40 and curved toward one side, while the other side edge 46 of the flat portion 40 is slightly raised from the flat portion 40 and curved toward the other side. One side edge 45 of the flat portion 40 is located on the other side of the protruding portion 44 on the other side of the adjacent roofing material 4c on one side. The other side edge 46 of the flat plate portion 40 is located on one side of the protruding portion 18 of the beam 2 . The roofing material 4b on one side of the beam has its one-side protrusion 42 overlapping from above with the other-side protrusion 44 of the adjacent roofing material 4c on one side, and its other-side protrusion 44 overlapping from above with the protrusion 18 of the roofing material support 17 attached to the side of the beam 2, and they are fastened with screws 48 from above. One-side edge 45 of the roofing material 4b on one side of the beam and the other-side edge 46 of the adjacent roofing material 4c on one side are in contact with or close to each other at a position on the other side of the other-side protrusion 44 of the adjacent roofing material 4c on one side, thereby forming a hollow portion 51 with a roughly rectangular cross section below the connection between the adjacent roofing materials 4b, 4c. In addition, the other-side edge 46 of the roofing material 4b on one side of the beam and one-side edge 52 of the beam under-cover 16 are in contact with or close to each other at a position on one side of the protrusion 18 of the beam 2, thereby forming a hollow portion 53 with a roughly rectangular cross section below the connection between the roofing material 4b on one side of the beam 2. The underside of the roof material 4b on one side of the beam and the underside of the beam cover 16 are flush with each other.

[0033] Next, the construction procedure for this structure will be explained. First, as shown in Fig. 15-1(a), two pillars 1, 1 are erected at predetermined positions on the ground. Next, as shown in FIG. 15-1(b), a column-to-beam connector 14 is attached to the upper end of each column 1,1. Next, as shown in FIG. 15-1(c), beams 2, 2 are connected to the upper ends of the columns 1, 1 using column-beam connectors 14, respectively. Next, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a hooking metal fitting 55 and connecting metal fittings (one-side connecting tools) 56, 56 are attached to the front and rear ends of the beams 2, 2.

[0034] Next, as shown in Figure 15-2(d), the rear girder (the other member) 7 is erected between the rear ends of the beams (one member) 2, 2. When installing the rear girder 7, as shown in Figure 18, temporary mounting brackets 67 and back plates (the other side connectors) 59, 59 are attached in advance to the connection points of the rear girder 7 with the beams 2, 2, and then the temporary mounting brackets 67 of the rear girder 7 are hooked from above onto the hooking brackets 55 of the beams 2, 2, as shown in Figure 19 and Figure 20-1(a). As a result, as shown in Figure 20-1(b), the rear girder 7 is temporarily placed on the beams 2,2 with its rear side tilted downward as the temporary placement bracket 67 hooks onto the hook bracket 55 on the beams 2,2, and will not fall even if you let go of it. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 20-1(c), the rear girder 7 is lifted by rotating it upward, and as shown in FIG. 20-1(d), the rear girder 7 is pushed into the notch 32 of the column 1. 20-2(e) and (f), the connecting fittings 56, 56 attached to the beam 2 and the back plates 59, 59 attached to the rear girder 7 are fixed with bolts 69. At this time, as shown in FIG. 21, by engaging the protrusions (engagement portions) 60 of the back plates 59, 59 with the recesses (engagement portions) 61 of the connecting fittings 56, 56, the rear girder 7 can be positioned so as not to move in the vertical direction, and since the positions of the female threaded holes 65 of the back plates 59, 59 and the bolt insertion holes 58 of the connecting fittings 56, 56 match, fixing with the bolts 69 is easy. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 22, a cap 78 is attached to the rear end of the beam 2 to close the opening, and an under-beam cover 16 is attached below the beam 2.

[0035] Next, as shown in Figure 15-2(e), a front girder (the other member) 5 is erected between the front ends of the beams (one member) 2, 2. When installing the front girder 5, as shown in Figure 23, a temporary mounting bracket 67 and back plates (the other side connectors) 59, 59 are attached in advance to the connection points of the front girder 5 with the beams 2, 2, and the temporary mounting bracket 67 of the front girder 5 is hooked from above onto the hooking brackets 55 of the beams 2, 2, as shown in Figure 24 and Figure 25(a). As a result, as shown in Figure 25(b), the front girder 5 is temporarily placed on the beams 2,2 with its front side tilted downward as the temporary placement bracket 67 gets caught on the hook bracket 55 on the beams 2,2, and it will not fall even if you let go of it. Thereafter, as shown in Figure 25(c), the front girder 5 is lifted so as to rotate it upward, and as shown in Figure 25(d), the front girder 5 is pressed against the end faces of the beams 2, 2 so that the cushioning material 79 attached to the inner peripheral side of the front girder 5 is crushed, and the connecting fittings 56, 56 attached to the beams 2, 2 are fixed with the back plates 59, 59 attached to the front girder 5 with the bolts 69. At this time, by engaging the protrusions (engagement portions) 60 of the back plates 59, 59 with the recesses (engagement portions) 61 of the connecting fittings 56, 56 (see Figure 13), the front girder 5 can be positioned so as not to move in the vertical direction, and since the positions of the female screw holes 65 of the back plates 59, 59 and the bolt insertion holes 58 of the connecting fittings 56, 56 match, fixing with the bolts 69 is easy. Thereafter, a cap 80 is attached to the front end of the beams 2, 2 to close the opening.

[0036] Next, as shown in Figure 15-3(f), the stringer 6 is attached between the longitudinal ends of the front girder 5 and the rear girder 7. When attaching the stringer 6, as shown in Figure 26, the cap 28 and the front temporary mounting bracket 72 are attached in advance to the longitudinal end of the front girder 5, and as shown in Figure 27, the rear temporary mounting bracket 75 is attached in advance to the rear end of the stringer 6. Then, as shown in Figures 28 and 29(a), the stringer 6 is moved forward and the other piece 72b of the front temporary placement fitting 72 and the insertion guide portion 71 of the cap 28 are fitted into the hollow portion at the front end of the stringer 6, thereby temporarily placing the front end of the stringer 6 on the front girder 5. At the same time, the other piece 75b of the rear temporary placement fitting 75 is inserted into a groove 77 that opens at the rear side of the rear girder 7, thereby temporarily placing the rear end of the stringer 6 on the rear girder 7. In this way, the stringer 6 is temporarily placed on the front girder 5 and the rear girder 7 (see Figure 29(b)). Thereafter, the other piece 72b of the front temporary mounting bracket 72 is screwed onto the stringer 6 with a screw 73 from above, and the other piece 75b of the rear temporary mounting bracket 75 is screwed onto the rear stringer 7 with a screw 76 from above.

[0037] In this way, this structure allows the front girders 5 and rear girders 7 to be temporarily placed on the beams 2, 2, making it easy to attach the front girders 5 and rear girders 7 and improving workability. Furthermore, this structure allows the side girders 6 to be temporarily placed on the front girders 5 and rear girders 7, making it easy to install the side girders 6 and improving workability.

[0038] Next, the roof materials 4 are attached sequentially from one longitudinal end to the other of the front girder 5 and rear girder 7. First, as shown in Figure 31-1(a), the end roof material 4a is placed on the other side of the stringer 6, and the protrusion 42 on one side of the end roof material 4a is overlapped with the protrusion 25 of the stringer 6 and fixed from above with screws 48. Because a hollow portion 49 is formed below the connection between the side girder 6 and the end roof material 4a, even if rainwater seeps in through the connection between the side girder 6 and the end roof material 4a, the seeping rainwater is received by the lower wall of the hollow portion 49 and flows into the gutter 31 (see Figure 6), so rainwater will not leak between the side girder 6 and the end roof material 4a or between the roof material 4a and the rear girder 7. Next, as shown in Figure 31-1(b), with the protrusion 42 on one side of the intermediate roof material (roof material on the other side) 4c overlapping the protrusion 44 on the other side of the end roof material (roof material on one side) 4a that was installed earlier, the intermediate roof material 4c is placed from above between the front girders 5 and the rear girders 7, and the abovewater and belowwater ends are fixed to the front girders 5 and the rear girders 7 respectively with mounting brackets 23 (see Figure 6), and the protrusion 42 on one side of the intermediate roof material 4c is overlapped from above with the protrusion 44 on the other side of the end roof material 4a and fixed with screws 48 from above. One side edge 45 of the intermediate roof material 4c is placed on the protrusion 47 on the other side edge 46 of the end roof material 4a. Because the edge 45 of the intermediate roofing member 4c is located on the other side of the protruding portion 44 of the end roofing member 4a, the edge 45 does not interfere with the protruding portion 44 of the previously installed roofing member 4a, allowing the intermediate roofing member 4c to be lowered straight down for installation without tilting or rotating the intermediate roofing member 4c. Furthermore, the hanging piece 50 at the tip of the protruding portion 42 on one side of the intermediate roofing member 4c prevents rainwater from seeping into the joint between the roofing members 4a and 4c. Even if rainwater does seep in, the hollow portion 51 formed below the joint between the roofing members 4a and 4c catches the infiltrating rainwater and flows into the gutter 31 (see Figure 6), preventing rainwater from leaking between the roofing members 4a and 4c or between the roofing members 4a and 4c and the rear girders 7. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 31-1(c), another intermediate roofing material 4c is attached in the same manner to the other side of the intermediate roofing material 4c.

[0039] The intermediate roofing materials 4c are installed in order, and when they reach the beam 2 on one side, the beam one-side roofing material 4b is placed from above between the intermediate roofing material 4c and the beam 2, as shown in Figure 31-2(d), and the protrusion 42 on one side of the beam one-side roofing material 4b is placed on the protrusion 44 on the other side of the previously installed intermediate roofing material 4c, and the protrusion 44 on the other side of the beam one-side roofing material 4b is placed on the protrusion 18 of the beam 2, and fixed in place with screws 48 from above. One side edge 45 of the beam one-side roofing material 4b is placed on the protrusion 47 of the other side edge 46 of the previously installed intermediate roofing material 4c, and the other side edge 46 of the beam one-side roofing material 4c is placed on the protrusion 47 of the one side edge 52 of the beam under-cover 16. The roof material 4b on one side of the beam, like the intermediate roof material 4c, can be attached by lowering it straight down without tilting or rotating it, as one side edge 45 does not interfere with the protruding part 44 on the other side of the previously attached roof material 4c, and the other side edge 46 does not interfere with the protruding part 18 of the beam 2, making it easy to install. In addition, by having hanging pieces 50 at the tips of the protruding portions 42, 44 of the roof material 4b on one side of the beam, rainwater is less likely to penetrate into the connection between the intermediate roof material 4c and the roof material 4b on one side of the beam, and the connection between the roof material 4b on one side of the beam and the beam 2.Even if rainwater does penetrate, hollow portions 51, 53 are formed below the connection between the roof materials 4b, 4c and below the connection between the roof material 4b and the beam 2, so that the penetrated rainwater is received by the lower walls of the hollow portions 51, 53 and flows into the gutter 31 (see Figure 6), and therefore rainwater will not leak between the roof materials 4b, 4c, between the roof material 4b and the beam 2, or between the roof materials 4b, 4c and the rear girder 7.

[0040] Next, as shown in Figure 31-2(e), the intermediate roofing material 4c is placed on the other side of the beam 2 from above, and the protruding portion 42 on one side is placed on the beam 2 18 from above and fixed with screws 48 from above. One side edge 45 of the intermediate roofing material 4c is placed on the protruding strip 47 on the other side edge 54 of the beam under cover 16. One side edge 45 of the intermediate roof material 4c is located on the other side of the protruding part 18 of the beam 2, so that the one side edge 45 does not interfere with the protruding part 18 of the beam 2 without tilting or rotating the intermediate roof material 4c, and the intermediate roof material 4c can be attached by lowering it straight down, which improves workability. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 31-2(f), another intermediate roofing material 4c is attached in the same manner to the other side of the intermediate roofing material 4c.

[0041] Then, similarly, the intermediate roofing materials 4c are installed one by one, and when they reach the other side of the beam 2, the roofing material 4b on one side of the beam is installed between the intermediate roofing material 4c and the beam 2, as shown in Figure 31-2(d). Thereafter, the intermediate roof material 4c is sequentially attached to the other side of the other beam 2. After all the roof materials 4 are attached, the rear girder cover 8 is attached to the outer peripheral side surface of the rear girder 7.

[0042] As described above, the roof 3 of this structure is constructed by attaching aluminum shaped roofing materials 4, 4, ... from one longitudinal end of the front girders 5 and rear girders 7 to the other, connecting their side edges to each other, and also connecting the side edges of the roofing material 4 adjacent to the beam 2 to the beam 2, which eliminates the need to assemble a frame to form the roof framework as in the past, making construction easier. Moreover, each roofing material 4 can be installed by lowering it straight down between the front girders 5 and rear girders 7 without tilting or rotating it, further improving construction ease. Furthermore, the roof 3 of this structure is lightweight because each roofing material 4 is flat and has no hollows, and hollows 49, 51, 53 are formed below the joints between the roofing materials 4, below the joints between the stringers 6 and the roofing material 4, and below the joints between the roofing material 4 and the beams 2, respectively, so that the roof 3 is lightweight yet has sufficient strength. Moreover, the lower walls of the hollows 49, 51, 53 can catch rainwater that seeps in from between the roofing materials 4 and channel it into the gutters 31 (see Figure 6), so the roof 3 also has excellent water-stopping properties.

[0043] This structure can also be connected in the depth direction (left and right direction), in which case the front girders 5 and rear girders 7 must be connected in the longitudinal direction. Figure 32 shows an embodiment in which the rear girders 7 are connected in the longitudinal direction. A back plate (one-side connecting fitting) 81 is attached to the other end of the rear spar (one member) 7a on one side and one end of the rear spar (other member) 7b on the other side, which are connected to each other, and is held in the back plate holding groove 64. Each back plate 81 is oriented so that the protrusion 60 is positioned outward when viewed from the joint between the rear spar 7a, 7b.

[0044] The rear girders 7a on one side and the rear girders 7b on the other side are connected by placing a strip-shaped connecting fitting (other-side connecting fitting) 82 across the inner peripheral side surfaces of both rear girders 7a, 7b and fastening the connecting fitting 82 to each back plate 81, 81 with bolts 69. The connecting fitting 82 has recesses 61 at both longitudinal ends that engage with the protrusions 60 of the back plates 81, 81, and by engaging the protrusions 60 of each back plate 81, 81 with the recesses 61 of the connecting fitting 82, it is possible to restrict the relative movement in the up and down direction between the rear girders 7a on one side and the rear girders 7b on the other side, and because the positions of the female threaded holes 65 of the back plates 81, 81 and the bolt insertion holes 58 of the connecting fitting 82 match, fastening with the bolts 69 is easy.

[0045] As described above, the manufacturing method of this structure includes a beam 2 and girders (front girder 5, rear girder 7) that are connected to the longitudinal ends of the beam 2 and cross the beam 2, and includes the steps of attaching hooking fittings 55 to the hollow portions of the longitudinal ends of the beam 2 (see Figure 16), attaching temporary mounting fittings 67 to the girders 5, 7 (see Figures 18 and 23), temporarily placing the girders 5, 7 on the beam 2 by hooking the temporary mounting fittings 67 of the girders 5, 7 onto the hooking fittings 55 of the beam 2 (see Figures 19, 20-1(a), (b), 24, 25(a), (b)), and fixing the girders 5, 7 in the predetermined positions relative to the beam 2 (see Figures 20-1(c), (d), 20-2(e), (f), 25(c), (d)). This makes it easy to attach the girders 5, 7, improving workability.

[0046] The manufacturing method of this structure comprises a front girder 5 and a side girder 6 that is connected to the longitudinal end of the front girder 5 and crosses the front girder 5, and includes the steps of attaching a cap 28 to the longitudinal end of the front girder 5 and attaching a temporary mounting bracket (front temporary mounting bracket) 72 through the cap 28 into the hollow portion of the front girder 5 (see Figure 26), and temporarily placing the side girder 6 on the front girder 5 by fitting the front girder 5 side end of the side girder 6 into the temporary mounting bracket 72 of the front girder 5 (see Figures 28 and 29), which makes it easy to attach the side girder 6, improving workability. The manufacturing method of this structure comprises a rear girder 7 and a side girder 6 that is connected to the longitudinal end of the rear girder 7 and crosses the rear girder 7, and includes a process of attaching a temporary mounting bracket (rear temporary mounting bracket) 75 to the side end of the rear girder 7 of the side girder 6 (see Figure 27), and a process of temporarily placing the side girder 6 on the rear girder 7 by moving the side girder 6 forward and inserting the temporary mounting bracket 75 into a groove 77 that opens at the rear side of the rear girder 7 (see Figures 28 and 29), which makes it easy to attach the side girder 6, improving workability. The manufacturing method of this structure comprises front girders 5 and rear girders 7, and side girders 6 installed on the longitudinal ends of the front girders 5 and rear girders 7, and includes the steps of attaching a front temporary mounting bracket 72 to the longitudinal end of the front girder 5 (see Figure 26), attaching a rear temporary mounting bracket 75 to the rear girder 7 side end of the side girder 6 (see Figure 27), and temporarily placing the side girder 6 on the front girders 5 and rear girders 7 by fitting the front girder 5 side end of the side girder 6 into the front temporary mounting bracket 72 of the front girder and inserting the rear temporary mounting bracket 75 of the side girder 6 into the rear girder 7 (see Figures 28 and 29), which makes it easy to attach the side girder 6, improving workability.

[0047] This structure comprises one member (beam) 2 and another member (front girder 5, rear girder 7) that crosses and connects to the first member 2, the first member 2 having a one-side connector (connecting fitting) 56, the other members 5, 7 having a other-side connector (back plate) 59, the one-side connector 56 and the other-side connector 59 having engaging portions (protrusion 60, recess 61) that engage with each other, and by engaging the engaging portions 60, 61, the relative movement between the first member 2 and the other members 5, 7 is restricted (see Figures 13, 14, 21), which makes it easy to connect the first member 2 and the other members 5, 7, improving workability.

[0048] This structure comprises one member (the rear girder on one side) 7a and the other member (the rear girder on the other side) 7b connected longitudinally to the one member 7a, and the one member 7a and the other member 7b have a one-side connector (back plate) 81 and a other-side connector (connecting fitting) 82 attached across the one member 7a and the other member 7b, and the one-side connector 81 and the other-side connector 82 have engaging portions (protrusion 60, recess 61) that engage with each other, and by engaging the engaging portions 60, 61, the relative movement of the one member 7a and the other member 7b is restricted (see Figure 32), which makes it easy to connect the one member 7a and the other member 7b, improving workability.

[0049] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The materials and cross-sectional shapes of the front girders, rear girders, and side girders can be changed as appropriate. The shapes of the front and rear temporary mounting brackets can be changed as appropriate. The present invention is not limited to carports, but can be applied to any structure, such as cycle ports, walkway shelters, and terrace roofs. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1 pillar 2 Beam (one of the members) 3. Roof 4. Roofing materials 5 Front girder (girder, other member) 6 stringers 7 Rear girder (girder, other member) 7a Rear girder on one side (one member) 7b The other rear girder (the other member) 8 Rear spar cover 55 Hook 56 Connecting fittings (one-side connecting fittings) 59 Back plate (other side connector) 60 Protrusion (engagement part) 61 recess (engagement portion) 67 Temporary mounting bracket 72 Front temporary mounting bracket (temporary mounting bracket) 75 Rear temporary mounting bracket (temporary mounting bracket) 81 Back plate (one side connector) 82 Connecting fittings (other side connecting fittings)

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a structure comprising a front girder and a side girder connected to the longitudinal end of the front girder so as to cross the front girder, the method comprising the following steps: a) A process of attaching a cap to the longitudinal end of the front spar and installing a temporary mounting bracket through the cap into the hollow portion of the front spar. b) The process of temporarily placing the stringer on the front girder by fitting the front girder side end of the stringer into the temporary placement bracket of the front girder.

2. A method for manufacturing a structure comprising a rear girder and a side girder connected to the longitudinal end of the rear girder so as to cross the rear girder, the method comprising the following steps: a. The process of attaching temporary mounting brackets to the rear end of the stringer. b) The process of moving the stringer forward and inserting the temporary placement hardware into the groove at the rear of the rear spar to temporarily place the stringer on the rear spar.

3. A method for manufacturing a structure comprising front and rear girders and side girders installed at the longitudinal ends of the front and rear girders, the method comprising the following steps: a. The process of attaching the front temporary mounting bracket to the longitudinal end of the front girder. b) A process of attaching a rear temporary mounting bracket to the rear end of the stringer. c) A process of temporarily placing the stringer on the front and rear girders by fitting the front girder side end of the stringer into the front temporary placement bracket of the front girder and inserting the rear temporary placement bracket of the stringer into the rear girder.

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