Deck changing system and deck changing method

Abstract

To easily perform positioning work of a new floor slab to be erected in replacement work of a floor slab of a bridge.SOLUTION: A floor slab replacement system 100 includes a crane device 110 that suspends and moves a new floor slab to be installed, and a measurement device 120 that measures a distance between an existing structure and the new floor slab to be installed, and when the new floor slab to be installed is installed at an installation position adjacent to the existing structure using the crane device 110, a position and a posture of the new floor slab to be installed are adjusted on the basis of the distance measured by the measurement device 120.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a deck replacement system and a deck replacement method. [Background technology]

[0002] Bridges for automobiles and other roads consist of steel girders and multiple deck slabs erected on the steel girders. When replacing the deck slabs of an aging bridge, the existing deck slabs are removed, and then multiple new deck slabs are erected on the steel girders and joined together.

[0003] As an example of a joint structure for joining deck slabs, Patent Document 1 discloses a structure in which multiple reinforcing bars protruding from the end faces of multiple precast deck slabs are placed at the joints of the precast deck slabs, and concrete is poured into the joints.

[0004] Furthermore, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a joint structure in which C-type joints (C-shaped joints) are embedded in the precast deck slabs so that openings are positioned at the end faces of the precast deck slabs, and H-type joints (H-shaped joints) are placed between a pair of C-type joints of adjacent precast deck slabs to join the precast deck slabs. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-229818 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 5787965 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the above-mentioned deck replacement work, the new deck to be installed is heavy and is installed using a crane at an installation position adjacent to the new deck that has already been installed on the steel girder. In this case, with the joint structure described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to perform positioning work on the new deck to be installed so that the multiple reinforcing bars of the new deck to be installed are arranged between the multiple reinforcing bars of the already installed new deck. In addition, with the joint structure described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to perform positioning work on the new deck to be installed so that the C-type joint fitting of the already installed new deck and the C-type joint fitting of the new deck to be installed are arranged opposite each other.

[0007] As such, high precision is required for the positioning of the new deck slab to be erected, even for a heavy object. In addition, to prevent the new deck slab from colliding with surrounding existing structures or protruding into areas outside the construction area, the positioning work requires a lot of manpower, making the work complicated.

[0008] In view of these issues, the present disclosure aims to provide a deck replacement system and a deck replacement method that enable easy positioning of the new deck to be erected during bridge deck replacement work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, a deck replacement system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a crane device that suspends and moves the new deck to be installed, and a measuring device that measures the distance between the existing structure and the new deck to be installed, and when using the crane device to install the new deck to be installed at an installation location adjacent to the existing structure, the position and posture of the new deck to be installed are adjusted based on the distance measured by the measuring device.

[0010] The existing structure may also be a newly constructed deck slab that has already been erected.

[0011] The measuring device may also include a first measuring device and a second measuring device having higher measurement accuracy than the first measuring device, and may roughly adjust the position and posture of the new deck slab to be erected based on the distance measured by the first measuring device, and then fine-tune the position and posture of the new deck slab to be erected based on the distance measured by the second measuring device.

[0012] The measuring device may also include an imaging unit that captures images of the existing structure and the new deck slab to be erected.

[0013] The measuring device may also measure the distance at a plurality of points between the first surface of the existing structure and the second surface of the new deck slab to be erected, which faces the first surface of the existing structure at the installation position.

[0014] The measuring device may also include a transmitter provided on the crane device that emits radio waves, a first receiver provided on the existing structure that receives the radio waves emitted by the transmitter, and a second receiver provided on the new deck to be erected that receives the radio waves emitted by the transmitter.

[0015] The measuring device may also include a laser range finder installed on the existing structure or the new deck to be erected.

[0016] In addition, the newly installed deck slab may have a first surface and a first notch formed in the first surface, and the new deck slab to be installed may have a second surface facing the first surface of the existing structure at the installation position and a second notch formed in the second surface, and the measuring device may include a first sensor provided in the first notch in the newly installed deck slab and a second sensor provided in the second notch in the new deck slab to be installed.

[0017] The structure may further include a joint for joining the already installed new deck slab and the new deck slab to be installed, and the first notch and the second notch may also serve as a notch portion into which a part of the joint is inserted.

[0018] The crane apparatus may also be provided with a vibration control mechanism that prevents the load of the new deck slab to be erected from swaying during movement.

[0019] In order to solve the above problem, a deck replacement method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a deck replacement method using a crane apparatus that suspends and moves a new deck to be erected, and includes the steps of: using a first measuring device to measure a first distance between an existing structure and the new deck to be erected; using a crane apparatus to roughly adjust the position and posture of the new deck to be erected based on the first distance measured by the first measuring device when installing the new deck to be erected at an installation position adjacent to the existing structure; after the rough adjustment step, using a second measuring device that has higher measurement accuracy than the first measuring device to measure a second distance between the existing structure and the new deck to be erected; and fine-adjusting the position and posture of the new deck to be erected based on the second distance measured by the second measuring device and installing it at an installation position.

[0020] The method may further include a step of joining the new deck slab to be erected, which has been installed at the installation position, to the existing structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] According to the present disclosure, in bridge deck replacement work, the positioning work of the new deck to be erected can be easily carried out. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a bridge whose deck is replaced by a deck replacement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the deck according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the joint structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the joint structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the deck slab replacement system according to the embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a part of a crane apparatus and a part of a measuring device according to the embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the processing device according to the embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a plan view, a front view, and a side view showing the crane apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the support legs of the crane apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the measurement device according to the embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a first measurement device according to a modification of the embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a first measurement device according to a modified example of the embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a plan view and a perspective view of the positioning sensor according to the embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a positioning sensor according to a modified example of the same embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a second measurement device according to a modification of the embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the overall process of the deck replacement work according to the embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the steps of erecting a new deck slab according to the same embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a cutting process and a removal process of the existing deck according to the same embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a plan view showing the erection process and joining process of the new deck slab according to the same embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a positioning sensor according to another modification of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values ​​shown in the embodiments are merely examples for ease of understanding and, unless otherwise specified, do not limit the present disclosure. In this specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same functions and configurations are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant explanation, and elements not directly related to the present disclosure are not shown.

[0024] [1. Outline of deck replacement work] First, with reference to Fig. 1, a bridge 3 in which a deck 1 is replaced by a deck replacement system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and an overview of the deck replacement work on the bridge 3 will be described. Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the bridge 3 in which a deck 1 is replaced by the deck replacement system 100 according to the present embodiment.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1, the deck 1 is applied to, for example, a bridge 3 for a road 5 on which automobiles 4 travel. The bridge 3 is, for example, an elevated bridge such as a highway or a general road. The example bridge 3 in Figure 1 shows a bridge for a road 5 with two lanes on one side and four lanes on both sides. In other words, the road 5 provided on the bridge 3 has four lanes 6.

[0026] However, the bridge 3 to which the deck 1 is applied is not limited to the example in Figure 1. For example, the number of lanes 6 on the road 5 may be one lane on each side, or three or more lanes on each side, or one lane on each side. Furthermore, the bridge 3 to which the deck 1 is applied may be, in addition to the road 5 for automobiles, for example, a bridge for various other vehicles, a railway bridge, or a pedestrian bridge.

[0027] Here, the directions of the bridge 3 will be explained. The bridge axis direction is the longitudinal direction of the bridge 3 (X direction shown in FIG. 1 ), and corresponds to the direction in which automobiles 4 travel on the road 5. The bridge width direction is a direction (Y direction) that is substantially perpendicular to the bridge axis direction (X direction), and corresponds to the width direction of the road 5. The vertical direction (Z direction) of the bridge 3 is a direction that is substantially perpendicular to both the bridge axis direction (X direction) and the bridge width direction (Y direction).

[0028] The bridge 3 for the road 5 in this embodiment comprises a plurality of main girders 9 (not shown in Figure 1; see Figures 18 and 19) extending in the bridge axis direction (X direction), a plurality of deck slabs 1 installed on the main girders 9, and wall parapets 7 installed on both sides of the road 5 in the bridge width direction.

[0029] The deck slab 1 is a plate-like structural member that forms the foundation of the running surface of the road 5. A plurality of deck slabs 1 are arranged in the bridge axis direction for each lane 6 of the road 5. From the viewpoint of ease of construction of the deck slab 1, the shape of the deck slab 1 is preferably a rectangular flat plate, but it may also be a flat plate with another planar shape or a curved plate. When the deck slab 1 is a rectangular flat plate, it is preferable that the width of the deck slab 1 in the bridge width direction (Y direction) is approximately the same as the width of one lane 6. This allows the multiple deck slabs 1 that make up one lane 6 to be efficiently erected. Furthermore, the length of the deck slab 1 in the bridge axis direction (X direction) is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that it be adjusted to an appropriate length taking into consideration the weight of one deck slab 1, ease of handling, etc.

[0030] The deck 1 is preferably a precast deck made of, for example, concrete or reinforced concrete. A precast deck is a deck that is manufactured in advance at a location other than the construction site of the bridge 3. By transporting a prefabricated precast deck to the construction site and using it for construction, the time required for deck replacement work can be significantly reduced compared to manufacturing the deck at the construction site. The deck 1 may also be a composite structure that combines the concrete material that forms the floor surface of the road 5 with steel materials such as the main girders 9 or cross girders.

[0031] The main girders 9 (see Figures 18 and 19) are beam-shaped structural members for supporting the deck slabs 1, and are made of steel materials such as H-shaped steel, channel steel, or L-shaped steel. The main girders 9 are installed so as to extend in the bridge axis direction (X direction) along the lanes 6 of the road 5. One or more main girders 9 are installed for each lane 6 of the road 5, and for example, two main girders 9, 9 are installed on both sides of each lane 6 in the bridge width direction (Y direction). The main girders 9, 9 support both sides of the multiple deck slabs 1 that make up each lane 6 in the bridge width direction. By installing multiple deck slabs 1 on top of the main girders 9, the foundation of the running surface of each lane 6 is formed.

[0032] The multiple decks 1 (newly constructed decks 1B) arranged along each lane 6 are joined to one another, for example, by joint structures 2. Details of the joint structures 2 will be described later. A paving material such as asphalt is laid on top of the multiple decks 1 joined by the joint structures 2.

[0033] The parapets 7 are side walls installed at both ends of the road 5 in the width direction. The parapets 7 are made, for example, of precast concrete or reinforced concrete with an L-shaped cross section. Like the deck slab 1, the parapets 7 are installed on the main girders 9. The parapets 7 may be configured as separate members from the deck slab 1, or may be configured integrally with the deck slab 1. The parapets 7 may be installed not only at both ends of the road 5 in the width direction, but also in the central median strip 8 located in the center of the road 5.

[0034] Next, an overview of the deck replacement work on the bridge 3 described above will be explained. As shown in FIG. 1, the road 5 on the bridge 3 has four lanes 6. In one of these lanes 6, deck replacement work is being carried out to replace the deteriorated deck 1 (existing deck 1A). In this one lane 6, traffic restrictions are imposed to prohibit automobiles 4 from traveling, and one crane device 110 that constitutes the deck replacement system 100 is installed. On the other hand, traffic restrictions are not imposed in the other three lanes 6, and automobiles 4 can travel on them.

[0035] The crane apparatus 110 is capable of self-traveling in the bridge axis direction (X direction) on one lane 6 that is the target of the deck replacement work. The width of the crane apparatus 110 in the bridge width direction (Y direction) is approximately the same as the width of the lane 6. This ensures that the crane apparatus 110 installed on the lane 6 that is the target of the work does not obstruct the passage of automobiles 4 on the other lanes 6. The deck slab 1 replacement work is carried out using this crane apparatus 110. In this replacement work, multiple existing deck slabs 1A on the lane 6 are sequentially removed, while multiple new deck slabs 1B are sequentially erected. The erected multiple new deck slabs 1B are then joined to each other by joint structures 2. This joining stably fixes the multiple new deck slabs 1B and corrects any misalignment of the individual new deck slabs 1B, thereby constructing the foundation for the running surface of the road 5.

[0036] As described above, according to the deck replacement work of this embodiment, on a road 5 having multiple lanes 6, while deck replacement work is being performed on only one lane 6 using the deck replacement system 100, vehicles 4 are allowed to pass through the other lanes 6. This not only makes it possible to avoid closing all lanes 6 of the road 5 to traffic, but also minimizes the number of lanes 6 on which traffic is restricted, thereby preventing traffic congestion.

[0037] [2. Deck Composition] Next, the configuration of the deck slab 1 according to this embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the deck slab 1 according to this embodiment.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 2, the deck slab 1 according to this embodiment is a structural member in the shape of a rectangular flat plate, for example, several meters square. Therefore, the deck slab 1 has a total of six surfaces, including two main surfaces (front surface 1a and back surface 1b) and four end surfaces (two joint surfaces 1c and two side end surfaces 1d). The joint surfaces 1c are the end surfaces on both sides in the bridge axis direction (X direction). The joint surfaces 1c are the joint surfaces when joining two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1 together. On the other hand, the side end surfaces 1d are the end surfaces on both sides in the bridge width direction (Y direction) and are not joint surfaces.

[0039] A plurality of deck slabs 1 arranged in the bridge axis direction (X direction) are joined to one another by a joint structure 2, which will be described later. For this reason, each deck slab 1 is formed with a cutout 11 and a protrusion 12 as a structure for realizing joining by the joint structure 2. The cutout 11 and protrusion 12 of such deck slab 1 are part of the components of the joint structure 2.

[0040] The cutout portions 11 are notch-shaped recesses formed across at least two surfaces of the deck slab 1. The cutout portions 11 according to this embodiment are formed across the surface 1a and the joint surface 1c of the deck slab 1. For example, three cutout portions 11 are formed in the joint surface 1c on one side of the deck slab 1 in the bridge axis direction (X direction), and three cutout portions 11 are also formed in the joint surface 1c on the other side of the deck slab 1 in the bridge axis direction (X direction). Similarly, a total of six cutout portions 11 are formed in the other deck slab 1 adjacent to the deck slab 1 on the left side in FIG. 2 (the deck slab 1 on the right side in FIG. 2), three on each side, across the surface 1a and the joint surface 1c of the deck slab 1.

[0041] The cutout portion 11 in the example of Figure 2 is a substantially cylindrical recess, and is formed so as to partially cut out the surface 1a and the joint surface 1c of the deck slab 1. However, the shape and size of the recess of the cutout portion 11 are not limited to the example shown. The shape and size of the recess of the cutout portion 11 may be changed in various ways as long as a protrusion 12 of an appropriate size and shape can be formed inside the cutout portion 11 and the clamping portion 21 (see Figures 3 and 4) of the joint structure 2, which will be described later, can be accommodated inside the cutout portion 11.

[0042] Furthermore, a screw groove 41 of the joint structure 2 is formed on the bottom surface (surface on the back surface 1b side) of the cutout portion 11. The screw groove 41 is screwed into a male screw portion 42 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) of the joint structure 2, which will be described later.

[0043] The protrusion 12 is a protrusion formed inside the cutout 11. The protrusion 12 is a portion that is clamped by a clamping portion 21 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) of the joint structure 2, which will be described later. The protrusion 12 functions as a stopper that locks the clamping portion 21.

[0044] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, two protrusions 12 having mutually symmetrical shapes are formed in one cutout 11. The two protrusions 12 protrude in opposing directions (Y direction) from two side surfaces of the cutout 11 in the Y direction, forming a pair. A gap of a predetermined width is formed between the two protrusions 12 arranged opposite each other in the Y direction. A shaft 22 (see Figs. 3 and 4) of a clamping member 20 of a joint structure 2, which will be described later, is placed in this gap.

[0045] The protrusion 12 is formed at a position on the joint surface 1c side of the deck slab 1 within the internal space of the cutout 11. In the illustrated example, the protrusion 12 is arranged within the cutout 11 so as to be flush with the joint surface 1c of the deck slab 1. For this reason, the region of the internal space of the cutout 11 where the protrusion 12 is formed is narrow, and the region inside the protrusion 12 in the X direction is a relatively wide hollow space. By providing such protrusion 12 on the joint surface 1c side within the cutout 11, a hook-shaped recess is formed near the joint surface 1c of the deck slab 1. By hooking the clamping portion 21 (see Figures 3 and 4) of the joint structure 2 described below into this hook-shaped recess, the joint structure 2 can lock the deck slab 1.

[0046] In this manner, in this embodiment, two protrusions 12 are formed as a pair on the joint surface 1c side within one cutout 11. By providing such cutout 11 and protrusion 12 on the deck slab 1, adjacent deck slabs 1, 1 can be easily joined using the joint structure 2.

[0047] The number of protrusions 12 provided is not limited to the example in Figure 2. For example, only one protrusion 12 may be provided in one cutout portion 11, or three or more protrusions 12 may be provided. Furthermore, the shape, arrangement, protruding direction, etc. of the protrusions 12 are not limited to the example in Figure 2. As long as the clamping portion 21 (see Figures 3 and 4) of the joint structure 2 can lock the protrusions 12, the shape, arrangement, protruding direction, etc. of the protrusions 12 may be changed in various ways.

[0048] Alternatively, the protrusion 12 may be installed by constructing the main body of the deck 1 and the protrusion 12 as separate members, and attaching the protrusion 12 to the cutout 11 of the deck 1. This allows the protrusion 12 to be easily formed in the cutout 11. In this case, the separate member protrusion 12 is preferably made of a metal such as steel or iron to ensure strength. However, this is not limited to this example, and the material of the protrusion 12 may be other materials such as concrete or reinforced concrete. The protrusion 12 and the main body of the deck 1 may also be integrally constructed from the same material. For example, a precast deck 1 with the cutout 11 and the protrusion 12 formed in advance may be manufactured outside the construction site, and the precast deck 1 may be transported to the construction site and used as the deck 1. In addition, since stress is concentrated at the boundary between the main body of the deck slab 1 and the protrusion 12 when the deck slabs 1, 1 are joined using the joint structure 2, a curved surface (R surface) or an inclined surface (C surface) may be formed at the boundary between the main body of the deck slab 1 and the protrusion 12 in order to reduce the stress concentration.

[0049] Alternatively, the cutout 11 and the protrusion 12 may be integrally formed. In this case, the material of the cutout 11 and the protrusion 12 is preferably a metal such as steel or iron from the viewpoint of ensuring strength. In this case, for example, a precast deck slab with the integrally formed cutout 11 and protrusion 12 embedded therein may be manufactured in advance outside the construction site, and the precast deck slab may be transported to the construction site and used as the deck slab 1.

[0050] 2, three cutouts 11 are provided on each joint surface 1c of one deck slab 1, and a total of six cutouts 11 are provided on the entire deck slab 1. The three cutouts 11 on one joint surface 1c are arranged at predetermined intervals in the Y direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, three pairs of cutouts 11 are arranged opposite each other on two adjacent decks 1, 1, and by installing joint structures 2 in each of the three pairs of cutouts 11, 11, the two decks slabs 1, 1 can be stably and firmly joined.

[0051] However, the number and arrangement of the cutouts 11 are not limited to the example shown in Figure 2. For example, one joint surface 1c of the deck slab 1 may have only one cutout 11, or two, four, or more cutouts 11. The more cutouts 11 provided on one joint surface 1c, the more stably adjacent deck slabs 1 can be joined with multiple joint structures 2, which has the advantage of improving joint strength. On the other hand, there is the disadvantage that the construction time increases due to the installation of multiple joint structures 2. For this reason, it is preferable that the number and arrangement of the cutouts 11 and joint structures 2 provided on one deck slab 1 be adjusted to an appropriate number and arrangement depending on the size and strength of the deck slab 1, the strength required for the bridge 3, the surrounding environment of the bridge 3, etc.

[0052] In the example of FIG. 2 , the cutout 11 is formed so as to span two surfaces of the deck slab 1 (the front surface 1 a and the joint surface 1 c). This has the advantage that the cutout 11 and the protrusion 12 required to join the deck slab 1 using the joint structure 2 can be formed relatively easily. However, this is not limited to this example, and the position of the cutout 11 can be designed in a variety of ways as long as the cutout 11 is formed so as to span at least two surfaces of the deck slab 1, including the joint surface 1 c. For example, the cutout 11 may be formed so as to span three surfaces of the deck slab 1 (the front surface 1 a, the joint surface 1 c, and the back surface 1 b). Alternatively, the cutout 11 may be formed so as to span the other three surfaces of the deck slab 1 (the front surface 1 a, the joint surface 1 c, and the side end surface 1 d). Alternatively, the cutout 11 may be formed so as to span the other two surfaces of the deck slab 1 (the joint surface 1 c and the back surface 1 b).

[0053] [3. Joint structure configuration] Next, the configuration of the joint structure 2 of the deck slab 1 according to this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 is a plan view showing the joint structure 2 according to this embodiment. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the joint structure 2 according to this embodiment.

[0054] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the joint structure 2 of this embodiment is intended to join two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1 in the bridge axis direction (X direction), and is installed around the joint surface 1c of the two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1.

[0055] The joint structure 2 includes one or more pairs of notched portions 11 and protruding portions 12 formed on each of two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1, a clamping member 20, and a fastening member 40.

[0056] The number of clamping members 20 installed corresponds to the number of pairs of cutout portions 11 formed in the two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1. For example, if only one pair of cutout portions 11 is provided in the two deck slabs 1, 1, only one clamping member 20 is installed. Also, as shown in Figure 2, if multiple pairs (e.g., three pairs) of cutout portions 11 are provided in the two deck slabs 1, 1, multiple clamping members 20 (e.g., three) are installed.

[0057] The number of fastening members 40 installed corresponds to the number of cutout portions 11 formed in the two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1. For example, if only one pair of cutout portions 11 is provided in the two deck slabs 1, 1, only one pair of fastening members 40 is installed. Also, as shown in Figure 2, if multiple pairs (e.g., three pairs) of cutout portions 11 are provided in the two deck slabs 1, 1, multiple pairs (e.g., three pairs, six) of fastening members 40 are installed.

[0058] The cutout portion 11 and the protrusion portion 12 of the deck slab 1 are as described above (see FIG. 2), and therefore detailed description thereof will be omitted. Below, the clamping member 20 and the fastening member 40 will be described in detail.

[0059] The clamping member 20 has a function of clamping a pair of protrusions 12, 12 provided on two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1, respectively.

[0060] The clamping member 20 is arranged to extend in the bridge axis direction (X direction) and is arranged across a pair of cutout portions 11, 11 of two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1. One end of the clamping member 20 is arranged in the cutout portion 11 of one deck slab 1, and the other end of the clamping member 20 is arranged in the cutout portion 11 of the other deck slab 1. The clamping member 20 clamps a pair of protrusions 12, 12 provided respectively in the pair of cutout portions 11, 11 from both sides in the bridge axis direction (X direction).

[0061] The clamping member 20 has a pair of clamping portions 21, 21 and a shaft 22. From the viewpoint of ensuring strength, the clamping portions 21, 21 and the shaft 22 of the clamping member 20 are preferably made of a metal such as steel or iron. However, the material is not limited to this example, and these members may be made of other materials such as concrete or reinforced concrete.

[0062] The shaft 22 is a rod-shaped shaft member extending in the bridge axis direction (X direction). The shaft 22 is arranged so as to straddle a pair of notched portions 11, 11 of two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1. The shaft 22 has the function of supporting the pair of clamping portions 21, 21.

[0063] The clamping portion 21 is a block-shaped member for clamping the protruding portion 12 of the deck 1 described above. Two clamping portions 21, 21 are attached to one shaft 22. For example, a pair of left and right clamping portions 21, 21 are attached to both sides of the shaft 22 in the axial direction (X direction).

[0064] 3 and 4, each of the clamping portions 21 is a block of material having a size and shape that can be accommodated in the cutout portion 11 of the deck slab 1. The overall shape of the clamping portion 21 is, for example, approximately cylindrical.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 3, the width of the clamping portion 21 in the bridge width direction (Y direction) is smaller than the width of the notch 11 and larger than the width of the gap between the two protrusions 12, 12 in the notch 11. As shown in FIG. 4, the width of the clamping portion 21 in the bridge axis direction (X direction) is smaller than the width of the notch 11. As a result, when the clamping portion 21 moves axially (X direction) toward the two protrusions 12, 12 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the clamping portion 21 can abut against both of the two protrusions 12, 12. Therefore, the two protrusions 12, 12 can be appropriately engaged with one clamping portion 21 in a balanced manner. Therefore, the pair of left and right clamping portions 21, 21 can stably clamp the pair of protrusions 12, 12.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 4 , each clamping portion 21 is formed with a through-hole 23 that penetrates the clamping portion 21 in the vertical direction (Z direction). The through-hole 23 has a large hole portion 23a and a small hole portion 23b. The inner diameter of the large hole portion 23a is larger than the outer diameter of the head 42b of the male thread portion 42 of the fastening member 40. The inner diameter of the large hole portion 23a is larger than the screw body 42a of the male thread portion 42 of the fastening member 40. The small hole portion 23b is provided below the large hole portion 23a. The small hole portion 23b is continuous with the large hole portion 23a. The small hole portion 23b has an inner diameter smaller than that of the large hole portion 23a. The inner diameter of the small hole portion 23b is slightly larger than the screw body 42a of the male thread portion 42 of the fastening member 40.

[0067] As described above, the clamping member 20 according to this embodiment includes a pair of clamping portions 21, 21 provided on the shaft 22. The clamping member 20 clamps a pair of protrusions 12, 12 provided on each of two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1 with the pair of clamping portions 21, 21. This allows the two deck slabs 1, 1 to be joined and fixed together. Note that the configuration of the clamping member 20 is not limited to the example of this embodiment, and may be changed to another configuration as long as the configuration allows the pair of clamping portions 21, 21 to clamp a pair of protrusions 12, 12.

[0068] The fastening members 40 have the function of fastening two adjacent deck slabs 1, 1 to the clamping member 20.

[0069] 3 and 4, fastening member 40 has a screw groove 41 formed in notch 11 of deck slab 1 and a male screw portion 42. From the viewpoint of ensuring strength, screw groove 41 and male screw portion 42 of fastening member 40 are preferably made of a metal such as steel or iron.

[0070] The male screw portion 42 is inserted from above into the through hole 23 formed in the clamping portion 21. The screw body 42a of the male screw portion 42 is not threaded into the through hole 23, and the outer diameter of the screw body 42a of the male screw portion 42 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 23. Therefore, the male screw portion 42 is freely rotatable within the through hole 23. Meanwhile, the tip side of the screw body 42a of the male screw portion 42 threads into a screw groove 41 formed in the cutout portion 11 of the deck slab 1. Therefore, the deeper the male screw portion 42 is threaded into the screw groove 41, the more the head 42b of the male screw portion 42 can be moved downward in the vertical direction (Z direction). Then, the male screw portion 42 is threaded into the screw groove 41 until the head 42b of the male screw portion 42 engages the step between the large hole portion 23a and the small hole portion 23b of the through hole 23. As a result, the clamping member 20 and the deck slab 1 are fastened together by the fastening member 40. Therefore, the clamping member 20 can be easily fastened to the deck slab 1 simply by tightening the male screw portion 42 into the screw groove 41 of the fastening member 40.

[0071] The configuration of the fastening member 40 is not limited to the example of this embodiment, and may be changed to another configuration as long as it is capable of fastening the clamping member 20 and the deck slab 1. For example, the clamping member 20 and the deck slab 1 may be fastened by one or more sets of bolts and nuts, or a clamp mechanism.

[0072] [4. Deck replacement system configuration] Next, the configuration of the deck slab replacement system 100 according to this embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the deck slab replacement system 100 according to this embodiment. Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating a portion of the crane apparatus 110 and a portion of the measuring device 120 according to this embodiment. For ease of explanation, the notch 11 and the protrusion 12 are omitted from Figure 6.

[0073] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the deck replacement system 100 includes a crane apparatus 110 and a measuring apparatus 120.

[0074] The crane apparatus 110 suspends and moves the new deck slab 1B to be erected. In this embodiment, the crane apparatus 110 transports the new deck slab 1B to be erected from a storage position to an installation position. The storage position is a position where the new deck slab 1B to be erected is stored. The storage position is, for example, a predetermined position within the portal frame structure 112 of the crane apparatus 110 (see FIG. 8). The new deck slab 1B to be erected is transported from the manufacturing site of the new deck slab 1B to be erected to the storage position by a transport vehicle such as a truck. The installation position is a position on the main girder 9 (see FIGS. 18 and 19) adjacent to the existing structure. In this embodiment, an example will be described in which the existing structure is the new deck slab 1B that has already been erected on the main girder 9 (see FIGS. 18 and 19). In this case, the installation position is the position of the new deck slab 1B to be erected, where the already erected new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be erected can be joined by the joint structure 2. The existing structure does not have to be the already erected new deck slab 1B, but may be another structure, for example, the existing deck slab 1A, the wall parapet 7, or the central divider 8. Details of this crane device 110 will be described later.

[0075] The measuring device 120 measures the distance between the new deck slab 1B that has already been erected and the new deck slab 1B to be erected.

[0076] The deck replacement system 100 of this embodiment uses a crane device 110 to adjust the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be installed based on the distance measured by the measuring device 120 when installing the new deck slab 1B to be installed at an installation position adjacent to the new deck slab 1B that has already been installed.

[0077] Furthermore, the deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment may include a control device 130 in addition to the crane device 110 and the measuring device 120.

[0078] The control device 130 includes, for example, an input device 132, an output device 134, and a processing device 136. The control device 130 may be a remote controller. Furthermore, at least the input device 132 and the output device 134 of the control device 130 may be separate from the processing device 136 as a remote controller.

[0079] The input device 132 receives operation inputs from workers engaged in the deck replacement work. The input device 132 is configured with, for example, push buttons, a keyboard, a pointing device, a cross key, a joystick, a touch panel, and the like.

[0080] The output device 134 is configured, for example, by a display device or a speaker. The display device is configured, for example, by a liquid crystal display, an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display, or the like.

[0081] Output device 134 outputs, for example, distance information and warning information. The distance information is information indicating the measurement result by measurement device 120. The warning information is information indicating that the distance measured by measurement device 120 is equal to or shorter than a second target distance. Details of the second target distance will be described later.

[0082] The processing device 136 has one or more processors 136a and one or more memories 136b connected to the processors 136a. The processor 136a includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The memory 136b includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory). The ROM is a storage element that stores programs used by the CPU, calculation parameters, etc. The RAM is a storage element that temporarily stores data such as variables and parameters used in processing executed by the CPU.

[0083] The processing unit 136 communicates with each device provided in the control unit 130, such as the input device 132, the output device 134, and the like.

[0084] 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the processing device 136 according to this embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG.

[0085] Note that various processes, including the processes described below, performed by one or both of the acquisition unit 150 and the control unit 152 may be executed by the processor 136a. In particular, the various processes are executed by the processor 136a executing programs stored in the memory 136b. However, the functions of the processing device 136 may be divided among multiple devices, or multiple functions may be realized by a single device.

[0086] The acquiring unit 150 acquires the measurement results obtained by the measurement device 120. The measurement results acquired by the acquiring unit 150 are output by the output device 134, for example.

[0087] The control unit 152 controls the crane apparatus 110 to adjust the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be erected based on the measurement results acquired by the acquisition unit 150. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the control unit 152 roughly adjusts the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be erected based on a first distance measured by a first measuring device 210 (described later), and then fine-adjusts the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be erected based on a second distance measured by a second measuring device 250. Details of the rough adjustment and fine adjustment by the control unit 152 will be described later.

[0088] [4.1. Crane equipment configuration] Next, the configuration of a crane apparatus 110 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 6 and 8. The crane apparatus 110 is a heavy machine dedicated to replacing the deck slab 1. Figure 8 is a plan view, a front view, and a side view showing the crane apparatus 110 according to this embodiment.

[0089] As shown in Figures 6 and 8, the crane apparatus 110 of this embodiment includes, for example, a base 111, a gate-shaped frame structure 112, an extension portion 113, a suspending portion 114, a beam portion 115, and a support leg 116.

[0090] The base 111 is a foundation that supports the body of the crane apparatus 110. The base 111 is installed on the road surface of the lane 6 that is the target for deck replacement. The base 111 may be equipped with a traveling mechanism (not shown) that enables the crane apparatus 110 to travel along the lane 6. The traveling mechanism may be composed of, for example, a plurality of wheels and a rotary drive unit that rotates the wheels. Alternatively, the traveling mechanism may be composed of rails laid on the road 5 and a drive unit that moves the crane apparatus 110 along the rails.

[0091] The portal frame structure 112 is installed so as to straddle the lane 6 of the road 5. The portal frame structure 112 is constructed on a base 111 and supports an extension portion 113 and a hanging portion 114.

[0092] The extension part 113 is installed so as to extend in the bridge axis direction (X direction) from the portal frame structure 112. It is preferable that the extension part 113 is extendable and contractible in the bridge axis direction (X direction). This makes it possible to transport multiple deck slabs 1 arranged in the bridge axis direction (X direction) without moving the crane device 110.

[0093] The suspending part 114 is provided on the extending part 113 and is movable in the bridge axis direction (X direction) along the extending part 113. The suspending part 114 is configured by, for example, a crane. The suspending part 114 can suspend and move the deck slab 1 (existing deck slab 1A, new deck slab 1B). Furthermore, the suspending part 114 according to this embodiment includes a motor that rotates the deck slab 1. This allows the suspending part 114 to change the position and posture of the deck slab 1.

[0094] The suspending unit 114 may also include a vibration suppression mechanism 114a that prevents the deck slab 1 from swaying during movement. For example, the vibration suppression mechanism 114a is provided in a motor included in the suspending unit 114. The vibration suppression mechanism 114a includes, for example, a gyro stabilizer or a pendulum.

[0095] This allows the hoisting unit 114 to prevent the new deck slab 1B to be erected from swaying during movement. Therefore, the hoisting unit 114 can position the new deck slab 1B to be erected with high precision.

[0096] The beam portion 115 is provided at the tip of the extension portion 113. The beam portion 115 extends in the bridge width direction (Y direction).

[0097] The support legs 116 are attached to both ends of the beam portion 115. The support legs 116 are provided so as to be extendable and contractible relative to the beam portion 115.

[0098] 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating the operation of support legs 116 of crane apparatus 110 according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 9A, when extension portion 113 is contracted or when crane apparatus 110 is traveling, support legs 116 are in a retracted state, contracted upward toward beam portion 115.

[0099] 9B, when the deck slab 1 is transported by the suspending part 114 with the extension part 113 extended forward in the bridge axis direction (X direction), the support leg 116 is extended from the beam part 115 toward the newly erected deck slab 1B. In this extended state, the tip of the support leg 116 abuts against the surface 1a of the newly erected deck slab 1B, and the support leg 116 supports the extended extension part 113.

[0100] As a result, when the extension section 113 is extended long from the frame structure 112 of the crane apparatus 110 in the bridge axis direction, the support legs 116 can support the vicinity of the tip of the extension section 113. As a result, when the hoisting section 114 carries the deck slab 1 along the extended extension section 113, even if the weight of the hoisting section 114 or the deck slab 1 acts on the extension section 113, the support legs 116 support the extension section 113, preventing the crane apparatus 110 from tipping over. Therefore, it becomes possible to increase the number of deck slabs 1 that can be replaced by the crane apparatus 110, even if the crane apparatus 110 remains in the same position without moving.

[0101] Furthermore, even when the road 5 is a slope and the crane apparatus 110 is installed on the inclined road 5, the extension part 113 can be supported by the support legs 116. This makes it possible to suitably replace the deck 1 of the sloped road 5 without tilting the crane apparatus 110.

[0102] By using the crane apparatus 110 having the above configuration to carry out deck replacement work, the deck 1 can be freely transported along the lane 6 using the simply configured crane apparatus 110, so that the process of removing the existing deck 1A (S20) and the process of erecting the new deck 1B (S22), which will be described later, can be easily carried out. Therefore, deck replacement work can be carried out easily.

[0103] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1 , the portal-shaped frame structure 112 of the crane apparatus 110 according to this embodiment is installed so as to straddle one lane 6 that is to be replaced, and the width of the frame structure 112 in the bridge width direction (Y direction) is equal to or less than the width of the lane 6. By using this crane apparatus 110, construction work can be carried out even on narrow bridges with only one lane 6. Furthermore, on bridges 3 with multiple lanes 6, traffic restrictions on the lanes 6 required for the deck replacement work can be minimized. In other words, even if the crane apparatus 110 is installed in one lane 6 that is to be replaced and that is subject to traffic restrictions, the crane apparatus 110 will not obstruct the travel of automobiles 4 in the other lanes 6 that are not subject to traffic restrictions.

[0104] Furthermore, the crane apparatus 110 according to this embodiment is capable of self-traveling along one lane 6 that is the target of deck replacement. This allows a single crane apparatus 110 to transport and remove multiple existing deck slabs 1A that are arranged along the lane 6, and to transport and erect multiple new deck slabs 1B that are arranged along the lane 6. Therefore, the process of removing the existing deck slab 1A (S20) and the process of erecting the new deck slab 1B (S22) can be performed using this single crane apparatus 110. In this way, by moving a single crane apparatus 110 in the bridge axis direction, the removal of multiple existing deck slabs 1A and the erection of multiple new deck slabs 1B can be performed, and deck replacement work can be easily performed using a simple crane apparatus 110.

[0105] [4.2. Configuration of the measuring device] Next, the configuration of the measurement device 120 according to this embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the measurement device 120 according to this embodiment.

[0106] The measuring device 120 according to this embodiment measures the distance between an already installed new deck slab 1B and a new deck slab 1B to be installed. In this embodiment, the measuring device 120 may include a first measuring device 210 and a second measuring device 250 having higher measurement accuracy than the first measuring device 210.

[0107] [4.2.1. Configuration of the first measuring device] The first measuring device 210 measures a first distance between an already installed new deck slab 1B and a new deck slab 1B to be installed. As shown in Fig. 10, the first measuring device 210 includes, for example, an imaging unit 212, an output device 214, and a processing device 216.

[0108] The imaging unit 212 captures, for example, images of the already-installed new slab 1B and the new slab 1B to be installed. The imaging unit 212 captures images so that the already-installed new slab 1B and the new slab 1B to be installed are included in a single image. In this embodiment, the imaging unit 212 captures images so that, for example, the joint surface 1c (first surface) of the already-installed new slab 1B and the joint surface 1c (second surface) of the new slab 1B that faces the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B at the installation position are included in a single image.

[0109] For example, the imaging unit 212 captures images so that the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B and the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed are included in a single image. It is preferable that the imaging unit 212 captures images so that one corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B, one corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed, the other corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B, and the other corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed are included in a single image. In this case, the imaging unit 212 is preferably provided above the already-installed new slab 1B. For example, the imaging unit 212 is preferably provided on the beam 115 of the crane apparatus 110.

[0110] The output device 214 is configured, for example, by a display device or a speaker. The display device is configured, for example, by a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, or the like.

[0111] The output device 214 outputs, for example, the first distance information and the image generated by the imaging unit 212. The first distance information is information that represents the measurement result by the first measurement device 210.

[0112] The processing device 216 has one or more processors 216a and one or more memories 216b connected to the processors 216a. The processor 216a includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The memory 216b includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory). The ROM is a storage element that stores programs used by the CPU, calculation parameters, etc. The RAM is a storage element that temporarily stores data such as variables and parameters used in processing executed by the CPU.

[0113] The processing device 216 communicates with each device provided in the first measurement device 210, such as the imaging unit 212, the output device 214, and the like.

[0114] In this embodiment, the processing device 216 analyzes the image generated by the imaging unit 212 and calculates the first distance between the already installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed. This enables the first measuring device 210 to measure the first distance between the already installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed with high accuracy.

[0115] It is preferable that the first measuring device 210 measures the first distance at multiple locations between the joint surface 1c (first surface) of the already-installed new slab 1B and the joint surface 1c (second surface) of the new slab 1B that faces the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B at the installation position. For example, the first measuring device 210 may measure the first distance at multiple locations between the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B and the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed. It is preferable that the first measuring device 210 measure the first distance between one corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B and one corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed, and the first distance between the other corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new slab 1B and the other corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed.

[0116] The first measuring device 210 is not limited to measuring locations as long as it can measure the first distance between the first surface of the already installed new slab 1B and the second surface of the new slab 1B to be installed at multiple locations. For example, the first measuring device 210 may measure the first distance between the bottom end of the joint surface 1c of the already installed new slab 1B and the bottom end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed at multiple locations. The first measuring device 210 may also measure the first distance between one side end of the joint surface 1c of the already installed new slab 1B and one side end of the joint surface 1c of the new slab 1B to be installed at multiple locations.

[0117] This enables the first measuring device 210 to measure the first distance between the new deck slab 1B that has already been erected and the new deck slab 1B to be erected with higher accuracy.

[0118] The processing unit 216 may also transmit the first distance information to the control unit 130 .

[0119] Next, a modified example of the first measurement device 210 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 11 and Fig. 12. Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the first measurement device 210 according to the modified example of this embodiment. Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating the first measurement device 210 according to the modified example of this embodiment.

[0120] 11, the first measuring device 210 according to the modified example includes a transmitting device 222, a first receiving device 224, and a second receiving device 226 instead of the above-described imaging unit 212. The first measuring device 210 according to the modified example is, for example, an AoA (Angle of Arrival) distance measuring device.

[0121] The transmitting device 222 is provided on the crane apparatus 110 and transmits radio waves. As shown in FIG.

[0122] The first receiving device 224 is provided on the new deck 1B that has already been erected, and receives the radio waves transmitted by the transmitting device 222. The second receiving device 226 is provided on the new deck 1B to be erected, and receives the radio waves transmitted by the transmitting device 222.

[0123] 12, for example, the first receiving device 224 may be provided at one corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new construction deck 1B that has already been installed, and at the other corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new construction deck 1B that has already been installed. Also, for example, the second receiving device 226 may be provided at one corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new construction deck 1B to be installed, and at the other corner of the upper end of the joint surface 1c of the new construction deck 1B to be installed.

[0124] In a modified example, the processing device 216 analyzes the radio waves received by the first receiving device 224 and the radio waves received by the second receiving device 226, and calculates the first distance between the new deck slab 1B that has already been installed and the new deck slab 1B to be installed.

[0125] This enables the first measuring device 210 according to the modified example to measure with high precision the first distance between the new deck slab 1B that has already been erected and the new deck slab 1B to be erected.

[0126] [4.2.2. Configuration of the second measurement device] The second measuring device 250 measures a second distance between the new deck slab 1B that has already been installed and the new deck slab 1B to be installed. As shown in Fig. 10, the second measuring device 250 includes, for example, a positioning sensor 252, an output device 254, and a processing device 256.

[0127] The positioning sensor 252 is, for example, a photoelectric sensor, a proximity sensor, an eddy current displacement sensor, a contact displacement sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, or a radar sensor. Fig. 13 is a plan view and a perspective view of the positioning sensor 252 according to this embodiment.

[0128] 13A and 13B, the positioning sensor 252 according to this embodiment includes a first sensor 260 and a second sensor 262. The positioning sensor 252 measures a second distance between the first sensor 260 and the second sensor 262.

[0129] The first sensor 260 is provided, for example, in a notch 11 (first notch) in the already-installed new deck slab 1B. The second sensor 262 is provided, for example, in a notch 11 (second notch) in the new deck slab 1B to be installed. This enables the positioning sensor 252 to measure the second distance between the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed with even greater accuracy.

[0130] In this embodiment, the second measuring device 250 includes a pair of positioning sensors 252A and 252B. The first sensor 260 of the positioning sensor 252A is provided, for example, in a notch 11 (first notch) formed on one end side (upper side in FIG. 13A) of the already-installed new deck slab 1B shown on the left side in FIG. 13A. The second sensor 262 of the positioning sensor 252A is provided, for example, in a notch 11 (second notch) formed on one end side (upper side in FIG. 13A) of the new deck slab 1B to be installed shown on the right side in FIG. 13A.

[0131] The first sensor 260 of the positioning sensor 252B is provided, for example, in a notch 11 (first notch) formed on the other end side (lower side in Fig. 13A) of the already-installed new deck slab 1B shown on the left side in Fig. 13A. The second sensor 262 of the positioning sensor 252B is provided, for example, in a notch 11 (second notch) formed on the other end side (lower side in Fig. 13A) of the new deck slab 1B to be installed shown on the right side in Fig. 13A.

[0132] As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the first sensor 260 and the second sensor 262 have a shape that allows them to fit into the cutout 11 of the deck slab 1. This prevents rattle of the first sensor 260 provided in the cutout 11 (first notch) formed in the already-installed new deck slab 1B. Similarly, it prevents rattle of the second sensor 262 provided in the cutout 11 (second notch) formed in the new deck slab 1B to be installed. Therefore, the second measuring device 250 can measure the second distance between the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed with even higher accuracy.

[0133] Next, a modification of the positioning sensor 252 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 14. Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the positioning sensor 252 according to the modification of this embodiment.

[0134] As shown in FIG. 14, the first sensor 260 of the positioning sensor 252 according to the modified example includes a first protrusion 260a. The first protrusion 260a protrudes in the X direction from the main body of the first sensor 260. The width of the first protrusion 260a in the Y direction is smaller than the width of the gap between the two protrusions 12, 12 in the cutout 11 (first notch) of the newly installed deck slab 1B. Therefore, when the first sensor 260 is provided in the cutout 11, the first protrusion 260a protrudes outward from the newly installed deck slab 1B.

[0135] Similarly, the second sensor 262 of the positioning sensor 252 according to the modified example includes a second protrusion 262a. The second protrusion 262a protrudes in the X direction from the main body of the second sensor 262. The width of the second protrusion 262a in the Y direction is smaller than the width of the gap between the two protrusions 12, 12 in the cutout 11 (second cutout) of the new deck slab 1B to be erected. Therefore, when the second sensor 262 is provided in the cutout 11, the second protrusion 262a protrudes outward from the new deck slab 1B to be erected.

[0136] The sum of the X-direction length of the first protrusion 260a and the X-direction length of the second protrusion 262a is preferably equal to or greater than the X-direction length of the shaft 22 of the clamping member 20. This allows the first protrusion 260a of the first sensor 260 to collide with the second protrusion 262a of the second sensor 262 before the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed collide with each other. Therefore, the positioning sensor 252 according to the modified example can prevent a collision between the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed. Note that the positioning sensor 252 according to the modified example may detect a collision between the first protrusion 260a of the first sensor 260 and the second protrusion 262a of the second sensor 262, in addition to measuring the second distance between the first sensor 260 and the second sensor 262. Furthermore, the length of the first protrusion 260a in the X direction and the length of the second protrusion 262a in the X direction may be adjusted in advance, and alignment may be completed when the first protrusion 260a of the first sensor 260 collides with the second protrusion 262a of the second sensor 262.

[0137] 10, the output device 254 is configured, for example, by a display device or a speaker. The display device is configured, for example, by a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, or the like.

[0138] The output device 254 outputs, for example, second distance information. The second distance information is information that represents the measurement result by the second measurement device 250.

[0139] The processing device 256 has one or more processors 256a and one or more memories 256b connected to the processors 256a. The processor 256a includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The memory 256b includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory). The ROM is a storage element that stores programs used by the CPU, calculation parameters, etc. The RAM is a storage element that temporarily stores data such as variables and parameters used in processing executed by the CPU.

[0140] The processing device 256 communicates with each device provided in the second measurement device 250, such as the positioning sensor 252, the output device 254, and the like.

[0141] The processing unit 256 may also transmit the second distance information to the control unit 130 .

[0142] Next, a modification of the second measurement device 250 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 15. Fig. 15 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the second measurement device 250 according to the modification of this embodiment.

[0143] As shown in FIG. 15, a second measurement device 250 according to the modified example includes, for example, a laser rangefinder 270 instead of the positioning sensor 252.

[0144] The laser rangefinder 270 is provided, for example, on a new deck slab 1B that has already been erected or a new deck slab 1B to be erected. The laser rangefinder 270 according to the modified example includes a laser transmitting and receiving unit 272 and a laser reflecting unit 274.

[0145] The laser transmitting and receiving unit 272 transmits a laser beam and receives the reflected light reflected by the laser reflecting unit 274. The laser reflecting unit 274 reflects the laser beam transmitted by the laser transmitting and receiving unit 272.

[0146] The laser transmitting and receiving unit 272 according to the modified example is provided, for example, on the new deck slab 1B to be erected. Also, the laser reflecting unit 274 according to the modified example is provided, for example, on the new deck slab 1B that has already been erected.

[0147] The second measuring device 250 in the modified example is equipped with a laser rangefinder 270, making it possible to measure the second distance between the new deck slab 1B that has already been installed and the new deck slab 1B to be installed with even greater accuracy.

[0148] [5. Deck replacement method] Next, a deck replacement method according to this embodiment will be described. According to the deck replacement method according to this embodiment, the deck 1 of the bridge 3 can be easily and quickly replaced by removing the deteriorated existing deck 1A of the existing bridge 3, erecting a new deck 1B, and joining the adjacent new decks 1B, 1B together using the joint structure 2 described above. A specific example of the deck replacement method according to this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0149] [5.1. Deck replacement work procedure] First, the overall process of deck replacement work to which the deck replacement method according to this embodiment is applied will be described with reference to Fig. 16. Fig. 16 is a flowchart showing the overall process of deck replacement work according to this embodiment.

[0150] As shown in Figure 16, when deck replacement work is carried out on the road 5 of the bridge 3, traffic restrictions are first initiated for one or more lanes 6 that are to have their deck 1 replaced (S10). At this time, as shown in Figure 1, it is preferable to implement traffic restrictions only for one lane 6 of the multiple lanes 6 of the road 5 that is to have its deck 1 replaced, and not for the other lanes 6. This makes it possible to minimize the number of lanes 6 that are subject to traffic restrictions, thereby easing traffic congestion on the road 5.

[0151] It is preferable to manufacture, in advance, a plurality of precast deck slabs as the new deck slabs 1B to be laid at a location other than the construction site before the traffic control begins (S10), and transport the new deck slabs 1B to the construction site. This eliminates the time required to manufacture the new deck slabs 1B at the construction site, thereby shortening the traffic control time.

[0152] Next, the pavement material of the lane 6 to be replaced is cut and removed (S12). The pavement material is asphalt or the like, and is laid on top of multiple existing decks 1A arranged along the lane 6. By removing the pavement material, the existing decks 1A are exposed on the surface of the road 5.

[0153] Furthermore, a cutting machine is used to cut the exposed existing deck 1A into multiple pieces of a predetermined size (S14). The existing deck 1A is, for example, a plurality of deck slabs made of conventional reinforced concrete joined together at joints using conventional filler concrete, and is integrated over a long distance in the bridge axis direction. Therefore, in order to remove the existing deck slab 1A, it is necessary to cut the existing deck slab 1A into multiple pieces of a transportable size. This makes it possible to transport the existing deck slab 1A cut into multiple pieces by the crane device 110 one after another.

[0154] Meanwhile, simultaneously with the paving material cutting step (S12) and the existing deck 1A cutting step (S14), a crane apparatus 110 is assembled (S16) on the lane 6 where traffic is restricted and the deck is to be replaced. It is possible to assemble the crane apparatus 110 on the lane 6 where the deck is to be replaced at a position in the bridge axis direction that is different from the positions where the cutting step (S12) and cutting step (S14) are being carried out. Therefore, by simultaneously carrying out the cutting step (S12) and cutting step (S14) and the crane apparatus 110 assembly step (S16), the overall construction time can be shortened.

[0155] The crane device 110 transports the existing deck slab 1A and the new deck slab 1B in a removal step (S20) of the existing deck slab 1A and a step (S22) of erecting the new deck slab 1B, which will be described later.

[0156] Thereafter, a process of removing the existing deck slab 1A (S20), a process of erecting the new deck slab 1B (S22), and a process of joining the new deck slabs 1B, 1B (S24) are carried out.

[0157] In the step of removing the existing deck slabs 1A (S20), at least one crane device 110 is used to transport the plurality of existing deck slabs 1A cut in the above S14 and remove them from above the main girders 9.

[0158] In the erection process (S22) of the new deck 1B, the new deck 1B is transported and erected at the position where the existing deck 1A was removed using the crane device 110. This new deck 1B is the deck 1 according to this embodiment (see FIG. 1 etc.), and is a deck 1 that can be joined by a joint structure 2.

[0159] FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the erection process (S22) of the new deck slab 1B according to this embodiment.

[0160] As shown in Figure 17, in the installation process (S22) of the new deck slab 1B, first, a first measurement process (S22-1) is executed using the first measuring device 210 of the deck replacement system 100 to measure the first distance between the already installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed.

[0161] Then, when the crane apparatus 110 is used to install the new deck slab 1B to be installed at an installation position adjacent to the already-installed new deck slab 1B, a rough adjustment step (S22-2) is executed to roughly adjust the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be installed based on the first distance measured by the first measuring device 210. In the rough adjustment step (S22-2), for example, the control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 monitors the first distance measured by the first measuring device 210. Furthermore, the control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 controls the hoisting unit 114 of the crane apparatus 110 to adjust the posture of the new deck slab 1B to be installed so that at least a portion of the joint surface 1c of the new deck slab 1B to be installed faces the joint surface 1c of the already-installed new deck slab 1B. Then, the control device 130 of the deck replacement system 100 controls the lifting unit 114 of the crane device 110 to move the new deck slab 1B to be erected closer to the already erected new deck slab 1B until the first distance measured by the first measuring device 210 becomes the first target distance. The first target distance is, for example, 0.5 m in the X direction, 0.1 m in the Y direction, and 0.1 m in the Z direction.

[0162] When the first measuring device 210 measures the first distance at multiple locations, the control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 may, for example, move the new deck slab 1B to be installed closer to the already installed new deck slab 1B until one or more of the measured first distances become the first target distance. The control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 may, for example, move the new deck slab 1B to be installed closer to the already installed new deck slab 1B until all of the measured first distances become the first target distance. The control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 may, for example, move the new deck slab 1B to be installed closer to the already installed new deck slab 1B until the average value of the measured first distances becomes the first target distance.

[0163] The crane device 110 may bring the new deck slab 1B to be erected into contact with the main girder 9 after the rough adjustment step (S22-2) is completed.

[0164] When the first distance measured by the first measuring device 210 becomes the first target distance, a second measuring process (S22-3) is executed to measure a second distance between the new deck slab 1B that has already been installed and the new deck slab 1B to be installed, using a second measuring device 250 having higher measurement accuracy than the first measuring device 210.

[0165] Then, a fine-adjustment process (S22-4) is executed to fine-adjust the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be installed based on the second distance measured by the second measuring device 250 and install it at the installation position. In the fine-adjustment process (S22-4), for example, the control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 monitors the second distance measured by the second measuring device 250. The control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 also controls the hoisting unit 114 of the crane apparatus 110 to move the new deck slab 1B to be installed closer to the already-installed new deck slab 1B until the second distance measured by the second measuring device 250 becomes the second target distance. The second target distance is shorter than the first target distance. The second target distance is the distance between the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed at the installation position. The second target distance is, for example, a distance that allows the clamping member 20 to be placed between the notch 11 of the new deck slab 1B that has already been erected and the notch 11 of the new deck slab 1B to be erected.

[0166] When the second measuring device 250 measures the second distance at multiple locations, the control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 may, for example, move the new deck slab 1B to be installed closer to the already-installed new deck slab 1B until one or more of the multiple measured second distances become the second target distance. The control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 may, for example, move the new deck slab 1B to be installed closer to the already-installed new deck slab 1B until all of the multiple measured second distances become the second target distance. The control device 130 of the deck slab replacement system 100 may, for example, move the new deck slab 1B to be installed closer to the already-installed new deck slab 1B until the average value of the multiple measured second distances becomes the second target distance.

[0167] Then, after the fine adjustment process (S22-4) is completed, the joining process (S24) of the new deck slabs 1B, 1B is carried out.

[0168] Returning to Fig. 16, in the joining step (S24) of the new deck slabs 1B, 1B, the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be erected, which are adjacent in the bridge axis direction, are joined together using the joint structure 2 according to this embodiment. The method of joining the deck slabs 1, 1 using the joint structure 2 is as described above (see Figs. 3 and 4).

[0169] After joining the new slabs 1B, 1B with the joint structure 2, concrete or mortar may be poured into the gap between the new slabs 1B, 1B to fill the gap. The gap between the new slabs 1B, 1B joined with the joint structure 2 according to this embodiment is much narrower than in the past. Therefore, even when filling the gap, the time required for filling work and concrete curing can be significantly reduced compared to the past.

[0170] The above three steps (S20, S22, S24) are preferably performed alternately. For example, the removal of the existing deck slab 1A (S20) and the erection and joining of the new deck slab 1B (S22) and joining (S24) may be performed repeatedly, one or several at a time, to advance these three steps. Specifically, the replacement work of the deck slab 1 may be performed repeatedly in the order of S20 → S22 → S24 → S20 → S22 → S24 → .... By advancing the three steps in this manner, various tasks can be efficiently performed, such as transporting the removed existing deck slab 1A to the outside, transporting the new deck slab 1B from the outside, and transporting the existing or new deck slab 1A or 1B on the lane 6 using the crane device 110. This improves work efficiency in terms of workers, equipment, and time, and shortens the overall construction time.

[0171] Furthermore, it is more preferable that at least some of the above three steps (S20, S22, S24) be performed simultaneously in parallel. Here, it is preferable to perform all three steps (S20, S22, S24) simultaneously in parallel, but at least two of the three steps (S20, S22, S24) may be performed simultaneously in parallel. For example, the joining (S24) of new deck slabs 1B, 1B may be performed while the existing deck slab 1A is being removed (S20). Also, the joining (S24) of the newly installed deck slabs 1B, 1B may be performed while another subsequent new deck slab 1B is being erected (S22). In this way, by performing at least some of the above three steps (S20, S22, S24) simultaneously in parallel, the overall work efficiency of the three steps can be significantly improved, and the overall construction time can be significantly reduced.

[0172] Thereafter, the wall parapets 7 are installed as necessary adjacent to the multiple new deck slabs 1B joined in the bridge axis direction (S30). In this case, the crane device 110 may be used to transport and install the wall parapets 7. Furthermore, when using a wall parapet 7 integrated with the new deck slab 1B, once the erection step (S22) of the new deck slab 1B is performed, there is no need to perform the installation step (S30) of the wall parapet 7.

[0173] Next, a paving material such as asphalt is laid on the new deck 1B joined in S24 (S32). The paving material laid in this step may be temporary or permanent. If it is necessary to lift traffic restrictions early, temporary paving is preferable.

[0174] Meanwhile, simultaneously with the paving material laying step (S32), the crane apparatus 110 is dismantled (S34) on the traffic-restricted lane 6. It is possible to dismantle the crane apparatus 110 at a position in the bridge axis direction different from the position where the paving material laying step (S32) is being carried out on the traffic-restricted lane 6 that is the target for deck replacement. By simultaneously carrying out the paving material laying step (S32) and the crane apparatus 110 dismantling step (S34), the overall construction time can be shortened.

[0175] Then, the traffic restrictions on the lane 6 targeted for deck replacement are lifted (S36). This opens the lane 6, allowing vehicles to travel on it. It should be noted that deck replacement work may be performed one lane at a time on roads 5 with two or more lanes in each direction. For example, deck replacement work may be performed consecutively on both the passing lane and the driving lane of a highway. In this case, traffic restrictions are first initiated on the passing lane alone, and deck replacement work on the passing lane of the highway is performed. Next, after the deck replacement work on the passing lane is completed, the traffic restrictions on the passing lane are lifted. Then, traffic restrictions are initiated on the driving lane, and deck replacement work on the driving lane is performed. By switching the lane 6 targeted for traffic restrictions in this way, deck replacement work on the two lanes 6, 6 can be performed consecutively without closing the entire two-lane road 5. This improves construction efficiency and shortens the total construction time for the two lanes.

[0176] The above has described the procedure for deck replacement work using the deck replacement method according to this embodiment. According to this embodiment, in the joining step (S24) of the new deck slabs 1B, multiple new deck slabs 1B can be joined quickly and appropriately using a simple joint structure 2, so that in the deck slab 1 replacement work, the deck slabs 1 can be replaced easily and the traffic control time can be shortened.

[0177] Furthermore, at least a part of the process (S24: third process) of joining new deck slabs 1B, 1B that have already been erected by the erection process (S22: second process) is preferably carried out simultaneously with one or both of the process of removing the existing deck slab 1A (S20: first process) and the process of erecting another new deck slab 1B (S22: second process). In other words, the process (S24) of joining the already erected new deck slabs 1B, 1B may be carried out in a time-overlapping manner with the process (S20) of removing the existing deck slab 1A or the process (S22) of erecting another new deck slab 1B. This makes it possible to proceed with the process (S24: third process) of joining the new deck slabs 1B, 1B simultaneously with the process (S20, S22: first process or second process) of replacing another deck slab 1 using the crane apparatus 110. This allows deck replacement work to be carried out quickly and efficiently, further shortening the time spent in traffic control.

[0178] The removal process (S20), the erection process (S22), and the joining process (S24) may be performed in parallel for each predetermined number of deck slabs 1 as described above (for example, S20 → S22 → S24 → S20 → S22 → S24 → ...). Also, at least some of the removal process (S20), the erection process (S22), and the joining process (S24) may be performed simultaneously in parallel with one another (for example, S20 + S22 + S24). Alternatively, each of the removal process (S20), the erection process (S22), and the joining process (S24) may be performed individually and sequentially (for example, S20 → S22 → S24).

[0179] [5.2. Details of deck replacement method] Next, the removal step (S20) of the existing deck slab 1A, the installation step (S22) of the new deck slab 1B, and the joining step (S24) of the new deck slabs 1B, 1B in the deck slab replacement method according to this embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 18 and 19. Figure 18 is a plan view showing the cutting step (S14) and removal step (S20) of the existing deck slab 1A according to this embodiment. Figure 19 is a plan view showing the installation step (S22) and joining step (S24) of the new deck slab 1B according to this embodiment.

[0180] In the deck replacement method according to this embodiment, after cutting and removing paving materials such as asphalt (S12), the deteriorated existing deck slab 1A is cut into multiple pieces at predetermined intervals (S14), as shown in FIG. 18A. This cutting step (S14) makes it possible to remove the existing deck slab 1A divided into multiple pieces. Furthermore, by assembling a crane device 110 above the lane 6 (S16) simultaneously with the paving material cutting step (S12) and the existing deck slab 1A cutting step (S14), the overall construction time for the deck replacement work can be shortened.

[0181] Next, as shown in Figure 18B, the multiple existing deck slabs 1A divided in S14 are sequentially transported and removed using a crane apparatus 110 (S20). At this time, as shown in Figures 18B and 18C, the existing deck slabs 1A may be removed one by one, or multiple existing deck slabs 1A may be removed together. As shown in Figure 18C, when the existing deck slab 1A is removed, the main girders 9, 9 on which the existing deck slab 1A was placed are exposed.

[0182] 19A, the crane apparatus 110 is used to transport the new deck slabs 1B one after another and erect them at the location where the existing deck slab 1A was removed (S22). At this time, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, multiple new deck slabs 1B may be erected together, or the new deck slabs 1B may be erected one by one. With the above-described crane apparatus 110, the extension portion 113 can be extended to transport and erect multiple new deck slabs 1B over a wide area, thereby improving the work efficiency of the erection process (S22).

[0183] 19B, the installed multiple new deck slabs 1B, 1B are joined to each other using a joint structure 2 (S24). In this joining process (S24), simply by tightening the male thread portions 42 of the fastening members 40 of the joint structure 2 described above, the new deck slabs 1B, 1B can be joined easily and quickly, and any positional deviation of the new deck slab 1B can also be corrected.

[0184] Thereafter, the removal of the existing deck slab 1A (S20), the erection of the new deck slab 1B (S22), and the joining (S24) are repeated in the same manner as above. At this time, as shown in FIG. 19B, it is preferable to perform the step (S24) of joining the new deck slabs 1B, 1B when the position of the crane apparatus 110 in the bridge axis direction (X direction) does not overlap with the joining position of the already erected new deck slabs 1B, 1B. In other words, it is preferable to join the new deck slabs 1B, 1B (S24) when, as viewed from the bridge width direction (Y direction), the joining position of the new deck slabs 1B, 1B is within a range R (see FIG. 19B) where it does not overlap with the position of the crane apparatus 110.

[0185] This allows the process of removing the existing deck slab 1A (S20) and the process of erecting the new deck slab 1B (S22) using the crane apparatus 110, as well as the process of joining the already erected new deck slabs 1B, 1B (S24), to be carried out simultaneously in parallel. This significantly reduces the total construction time for the three processes (S20, S22, S24) required to replace a large number of deck slabs 1, and allows deck replacement work to be carried out easily using the crane apparatus 110 with a simple configuration. Furthermore, by enabling automation and labor-saving of the removal of the heavy existing deck slab 1A and the erection of the new deck slab 1B, it is possible to further shorten construction time and reduce the number of workers required.

[0186] [6. Summary] The deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment and the deck replacement method using the crane apparatus 110 have been described in detail above.

[0187] In the past, the positioning of the new deck slab 1B to be erected was done by multiple workers using measuring tools such as rods. This resulted in the problem that the positioning work required a lot of manpower and was cumbersome. In addition, the positioning work took a long time, which significantly extended the construction period.

[0188] In contrast, the deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment includes a crane apparatus 110 that suspends and moves the new deck 1B to be installed, and a measuring device 120 that measures the distance between the existing structure and the new deck 1B to be installed. When the new deck 1B to be installed is installed at a location adjacent to the existing structure using the crane apparatus 110, the position and posture of the new deck 1B to be installed are adjusted based on the distance measured by the measuring device 120. This allows the deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment to easily and quickly perform the positioning work of the new deck 1B to be installed. Therefore, the deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment can reduce the number of people required for the positioning work. Furthermore, the deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment can shorten the time required for the positioning work, thereby shortening the construction period.

[0189] Furthermore, in the deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment, the measuring device 120 includes a first measuring device 210 and a second measuring device 250 having higher measurement accuracy than the first measuring device 210. The position and orientation of the new deck slab 1B to be installed may be roughly adjusted based on the distance measured by the first measuring device 210, and then the position and orientation of the new deck slab 1B to be installed may be finely adjusted based on the distance measured by the second measuring device 250. During the first half of the movement of the new deck slab 1B to be installed, the distance between the new deck slab 1B to be installed and the existing structure is long, making it extremely unlikely that the new deck slab 1B to be installed will collide with the existing structure. Therefore, during the first half of the movement of the new deck slab 1B to be installed, high-precision positioning of the new deck slab 1B to be installed is not required. On the other hand, during the latter half of the movement of the new construction deck 1B, the new construction deck 1B approaches the existing structure more closely than during the first half, potentially resulting in a collision between the new construction deck 1B and the existing structure. Therefore, during the latter half of the movement of the new construction deck 1B, highly accurate positioning of the new construction deck 1B is required. Therefore, in the deck replacement system 100 and deck replacement method according to this embodiment, the position and orientation of the new construction deck 1B are first roughly adjusted based on the first distance measured by the first measuring device 210, thereby enabling the position and orientation of the new construction deck 1B to be adjusted quickly and at low cost. Then, in the deck replacement system 100 and deck replacement method according to this embodiment, after the rough adjustment, the position and orientation of the new construction deck 1B are finely adjusted based on the second distance measured by the second measuring device 250, which has high measurement accuracy. As a result, the deck replacement system 100 and deck replacement method of this embodiment make it possible to position the new deck 1B to be erected with high precision during the latter half of the movement of the new deck 1B to be erected, while avoiding collision between the new deck 1B to be erected and the existing structure.

[0190] Furthermore, the deck replacement system 100 according to this embodiment further includes a joint structure 2 that joins the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed, and the first notch in which the first sensor 260 of the second measuring device 250 is provided and the second notch in which the second sensor 262 of the second measuring device 250 is provided may also serve as the notch portion 11 into which a portion of the joint structure 2 is inserted. This allows the first sensor 260 to be stably installed on the already-installed new deck slab 1B without forming a first notch dedicated to installing the first sensor 260 in the already-installed new deck slab 1B. Similarly, the second sensor 262 can be stably installed on the new deck slab 1B to be installed without forming a second notch dedicated to installing the second sensor 262 in the new deck slab 1B to be installed.

[0191] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it goes without saying that the present disclosure is not limited to such embodiments. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can conceive of various modifications and alterations within the scope of the claims, and it is understood that such modifications and alterations also fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0192] For example, in the above embodiment, the processing device 136 controls the crane apparatus 110 to adjust the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be erected based on the measurement results acquired by the acquisition unit 150. However, the processing device 136 may also control the crane apparatus 110 to adjust the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be erected in response to an operation input to the input device 132 by a worker who has referred to the measurement results from the measuring device 120.

[0193] In the above embodiment, the deck replacement system 100 includes the control device 130. However, the deck replacement system 100 does not necessarily need to include the control device 130. In this case, for example, when installing a new deck 1B to be installed at an installation location adjacent to an existing structure using a crane apparatus 110, a worker may adjust the position and posture of the new deck 1B to be installed based on the distance measured by the measuring device 120. Similarly, a worker may roughly adjust the position and posture of the new deck 1B to be installed based on a first distance measured by the first measuring device 210. Furthermore, a worker may finely adjust the position and posture of the new deck 1B to be installed based on a second distance measured by the second measuring device 250. Note that one or both of the rough adjustment and the fine adjustment may be performed using the crane apparatus 110 or without the crane apparatus 110. For example, the rough adjustment may be performed using the crane apparatus 110, and the fine adjustment may be performed without the crane apparatus 110. Also, for example, the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be erected may be roughly adjusted using the crane device 110, and the position and posture of the new deck slab 1B to be erected, which is suspended by the crane device 110, may be fine-tuned by a worker.

[0194] In the above embodiment, the imaging unit 212 is included in the first measurement device 210. However, the imaging unit 212 may be included in the measurement device 120. In other words, the imaging unit 212 may be included in one or both of the first measurement device 210 and the second measurement device 250.

[0195] In the above embodiment, the case where the transmitting device 222, the first receiving device 224, and the second receiving device 226 are included in the first measuring device 210 has been described as an example. However, the transmitting device 222, the first receiving device 224, and the second receiving device 226 may be included in the measuring device 120. In other words, the transmitting device 222, the first receiving device 224, and the second receiving device 226 may be included in one or both of the first measuring device 210 and the second measuring device 250.

[0196] In the above embodiment, the laser rangefinder 270 is included in the second measurement device 250. However, the laser rangefinder 270 may be included in the measurement device 120. In other words, the laser rangefinder 270 may be included in one or both of the first measurement device 210 and the second measurement device 250.

[0197] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, an example has been given in which the first sensor 260 and the second sensor 262 are included in the second measuring device 250. However, the first sensor 260 and the second sensor 262 may be included in the measuring device 120. In other words, the first sensor 260 and the second sensor 262 may be included in one or both of the first measuring device 210 and the second measuring device 250.

[0198] In the above embodiment, the first sensor 260 and the second sensor 262 are included in the second measuring device 250. However, the second measuring device 250 may be replaced with a second measuring device 350 shown in FIG. 20. FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a positioning sensor according to another modified example of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 20, specifically, the second measuring device 350 includes a pair of positioning sensors 352. The first sensor 360 of the positioning sensor 352 corresponds to the first sensor 260, and the second sensor 362 of the positioning sensor 352 corresponds to the second sensor 262. The first sensor 360 and the second sensor 362 have a shape that can be fitted into the cutout portion 11 of the deck slab 1. Furthermore, the first sensor 360 and the second sensor 362 have a shape in which, for example, four notches are cut out in the circumferential direction within the fitting portion. This prevents rattling of the first sensor 360 and the second sensor 362 while reducing the contact area where they fit, making it easier to remove them after the deck slab positioning work is complete. In addition, because the weight of the cutout portion is reduced, it is also possible to reduce the cost of the first sensor 360 and the second sensor 362.

[0199] In the above embodiment, an example was given in which the deck slab replacement system 100 further includes a joint structure 2 that joins the already-installed new deck slab 1B and the new deck slab 1B to be installed, and the first notch and the second notch also serve as the cutout portion 11 into which a portion of the joint structure 2 is inserted. However, the first notch may be provided in the already-installed new deck slab 1B separately from the cutout portion 11. Similarly, the second notch may be provided in the new deck slab 1B to be installed separately from the cutout portion 11.

[0200] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, an example was given in which the already-installed new slab 1B and the new slab 1B to be installed are joined using a joint structure 2. However, there are no limitations on the joint as long as the already-installed new slab 1B and the new slab 1B to be installed can be joined. For example, a structure in which multiple reinforcing bars protruding from the end faces of multiple precast slabs are placed at the joints of the precast slabs, and concrete is poured into the joints, may be used. Alternatively, a joint structure may be used in which C-type joint fittings are embedded in the precast slabs so that openings are located at the end faces of the precast slabs, and an H-type joint fitting is placed between a pair of C-type joint fittings of adjacent precast slabs to join the precast slabs. [Explanation of symbols]

[0201] 100 Deck Replacement System 11 Notch (first notch, second notch) 110 Crane equipment 114a Vibration control mechanism 120 Measuring Equipment 1B New deck 1c Joint surface (1st surface, 2nd surface) 2 Joint structure (joint) 210 1st measuring device 212 Imaging unit 222 Transmitting Device 224 First Receiving Device 226 Second receiving device 250, 350 Second measuring device 260, 360 First sensor 262, 362 Second sensor 270 Laser Rangefinder

Claims

1. a crane device that suspends and moves the new deck slab to be erected; A measuring device for measuring the distance between the existing structure and the new deck to be erected; Equipped with A deck replacement system that uses the crane device to install the new deck to be installed at an installation location adjacent to the existing structure, and adjusts the position and posture of the new deck to be installed based on the distance measured by the measuring device.

2. The deck replacement system according to claim 1 , wherein the existing structure is a newly constructed deck that has already been erected.

3. The measuring device is a first measuring device; a second measuring device having a higher measurement accuracy than the first measuring device; and After roughly adjusting the position and posture of the new deck slab to be erected based on the distance measured by the first measuring device, The deck replacement system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the position and attitude of the new deck to be erected are finely adjusted based on the distance measured by the second measuring device.

4. The deck replacement system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measuring device includes an imaging unit that images the existing structure and the new deck to be erected.

5. The deck replacement system described in claim 4, wherein the measuring device measures the distance at multiple points between a first surface of the existing structure and a second surface of the new deck to be erected that faces the first surface of the existing structure at the installation position.

6. The measuring device is a transmitter provided on the crane apparatus and configured to emit radio waves; a first receiving device provided in the existing structure and receiving the radio waves transmitted by the transmitting device; A second receiving device is provided on the new deck to be erected and receives the radio waves transmitted by the transmitting device; 3. The deck replacement system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:

7. The deck replacement system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measuring device includes a laser rangefinder provided on the existing structure or the new deck to be erected.

8. The newly installed deck has a first surface and a first notch formed in the first surface, The new deck to be erected has a second surface facing the first surface of the existing structure at the installation position, and a second notch formed in the second surface, The measuring device is A first sensor provided in the first notch in the newly installed deck; A second sensor provided in the second notch in the new deck to be erected; 3. The deck replacement system of claim 2, comprising:

9. Further provided is a joint for joining the already-installed new deck slab and the new deck slab to be installed, The deck replacement system according to claim 8 , wherein the first notch and the second notch are also used as notch portions into which a portion of the joint is inserted.

10. 3. The deck replacement system according to claim 1, wherein the crane device is provided with a vibration control mechanism that prevents a load of the new deck to be erected from swaying during the movement.

11. A deck replacement method using a crane device that suspends and moves a new deck to be erected, a step of measuring a first distance between the existing structure and the new deck slab to be erected using a first measuring device; a step of roughly adjusting the position and posture of the new deck slab to be erected based on the first distance measured by the first measuring device when installing the new deck slab to be erected at an installation position adjacent to the existing structure using the crane device; After the coarse adjustment step, a step of measuring a second distance between the existing structure and the new deck slab to be erected using a second measuring device having higher measurement accuracy than the first measuring device; A step of fine-tuning the position and posture of the new deck slab to be erected based on the second distance measured by the second measuring device and installing it at the installation position; A method for replacing a deck, including:

12. The deck replacement method according to claim 11, further comprising the step of joining the new deck to be erected installed at the installation position to the existing structure.

Images