Blood purification apparatus

Abstract

To appropriately stop water removal while continuously supplying a dialysate with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: A blood treatment apparatus includes a blood purifier 120 incorporated in a blood circuit 110 through which blood flows, a dialysate pipe line 130 for supplying dialysate into the blood purifier 120, a drainage pipe line 140 through which drainage discharged from the blood purifier 120 flows, and a multi-channel pump 150 connected to the dialysate pipe line 130 and the drainage pipe line 140. The multi-channel pump 150 has a drive shaft 151, and causes the drainage flowing through the drainage pipe line 140 to flow at a flow rate equal to or higher than the flow rate of the dialysate flowing through the dialysate pipe line 130 with the rotation of the drive shaft 151. The dialysate line 130 or the drain line 140 includes a bypass line 160 that branches off so as not to pass through the multi-channel pump 150. The switching mechanism 181 that switches between allowing and not allowing flow in the bypass conduit 160 is further provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a blood purification device. [Background technology]

[0002] Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-82 (Patent Document 1) is a prior art document disclosing a fluid separation device capable of controlling the amount of ultrafiltration. In the fluid separation device described in Patent Document 1, each of two dialysate containers is divided into two chambers by a movable partition such as a diaphragm, with dialysate flowing in and out of one chamber and used dialysate flowing in and out of the other chamber. Eight valves are provided to alternately switch between the two dialysate containers in sequence.

[0003] A prior art document disclosing a dialysis device capable of controlling the amount of water removed is Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-54590 (Patent Document 2). In the dialysis device described in Patent Document 2, each of two dialysate containers is divided by a diaphragm into three chambers: a supply chamber, a movable volume chamber, and a collection chamber, and the amount of water removed can be changed by controlling the difference in the volume fluctuation between the collection chamber and the supply chamber.

[0004] A prior art document disclosing a dialysis machine is Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-11001 (Patent Document 3). The dialysis machine described in Patent Document 3 is provided with a dual dialysate pump that supplies and discharges the fresh dialysate to the dialysate chamber while maintaining the same volume of treated dialysate from the dialysate chamber.

[0005] A prior art document disclosing a piping device used in a dialysis system is JP 53-48979 A (Patent Document 4). The piping device used in the dialysis system described in Patent Document 4 includes a pump that pressure-feeds the dialysate toward the dialysis device and a pump that draws the dialysate out of the dialysis device, and is provided with a pressure gauge and a pressure control device to adjust the capacity of each pump.

[0006] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2017-25866 (Patent Document 5) is a prior art document that discloses a peristaltic pump that can arbitrarily set the ratio of flow rates through multiple flexible tubes. In the peristaltic pump described in Patent Document 5, multiple rotors that are arranged corresponding to multiple flexible tubes are driven to rotate by a common motor, and the roller spacing or outer diameter of each rotor is set according to the flow rate of liquid flowing through the flexible tube. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 56-82 [Patent Document 2] Special Publication No. 3-54590 [Patent Document 3] Publication No. 6-11001 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 53-48979 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-25866 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The dialysis devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require many on-off valves and are complex in configuration. The dialysis device described in Patent Document 3 uses a duplex pump, which makes it impossible to continuously supply dialysis fluid. The dialysis system described in Patent Document 4 requires a pressure gauge and pressure control device to adjust the pump capacity, making it complex in configuration. The peristaltic pump described in Patent Document 5 cannot stop water removal while supplying dialysis fluid.

[0009] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a blood purification device that has a simple configuration and can stop water removal as appropriate while continuously supplying dialysis fluid. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A blood purification device according to the present invention comprises a blood purifier, a dialysate conduit, a drain conduit, and a multi-channel pump. The blood purifier is incorporated into a blood circuit through which blood flows. The dialysate conduit supplies dialysate into the blood purifier. The drain conduit carries drained fluid discharged from the blood purifier. The multi-channel pump is connected to the dialysate conduit and the drain conduit. The multi-channel pump has a drive shaft and, as the drive shaft rotates, causes the drained fluid to flow through the drain conduit at a rate equal to or greater than the flow rate of the dialysate flowing through the dialysate conduit. The dialysate conduit or the drain conduit includes a bypass conduit branching off so as not to pass through the multi-channel pump. The blood purification device further comprises a switching mechanism for switching between allowing and disabling flow through the bypass conduit. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to stop water removal as appropriate while continuously supplying dialysis fluid with a simple configuration. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is being performed while a dialysis fluid is being continuously supplied in the blood purification apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is stopped while dialysis fluid is continuously supplied in the blood purification apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a graph showing the relationship between elapsed time and the amount of water removed in the blood purification devices according to the examples and the comparative example. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is being performed while a dialysis fluid is being continuously supplied in a blood purification apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is stopped while dialysis fluid is continuously supplied in a blood purification apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is being performed while a dialysis fluid is being continuously supplied in a blood purification apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is stopped while dialysis fluid is continuously supplied in a blood purification apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, blood purification devices according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same or corresponding parts in the drawings will be designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

[0014] (Embodiment 1) 1 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water is removed while a dialysate is continuously supplied in a blood purification apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the blood purification apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a blood purifier 120, a dialysate line 130, a drain line 140, and a multi-channel pump 150.

[0015] Blood purifier 120 contains a semipermeable membrane made of, for example, a hollow fiber membrane. Blood purifier 120 has blood inlet 121 and blood outlet 122. Blood inlet 121 is connected to the upstream side of blood circuit 110. Blood outlet 122 is connected to the downstream side of blood circuit 110.

[0016] The blood circuit 110 is provided with a blood pump 111 that pumps blood. The blood flows from the upstream side to the downstream side of the blood circuit 110. The blood purifier 120 is incorporated into the blood circuit 110.

[0017] The blood purifier 120 further has a dialysate inlet 123 and a drain outlet 124. A dialysate line 130 is connected to the dialysate inlet 123. A drain outlet 124 is connected to a drain line 140. Each of the dialysate line 130 and the drain outlet 140 is made of a flexible tube.

[0018] The upstream end of the dialysate conduit 130 is connected to a dialysate supply source (not shown) that supplies dialysate. The dialysate that flows through the dialysate conduit 130 is supplied into the blood purifier 120. The downstream end of the drain conduit 140 discharges the drained fluid from the blood purifier 120.

[0019] Multichannel pump 150 is connected to dialysate line 130 and drain line 140. Multichannel pump 150 has a drive shaft 151. Multichannel pump 150 includes a first rotor 152 and a second rotor 153. First rotor 152 and second rotor 153 each engage with drive shaft 151 and rotate together with drive shaft 151. First rotor 152 and second rotor 153 are detachably coaxially disposed on drive shaft 151. First rotor 152 engages with dialysate line 130. Second rotor 153 engages with drain line 140.

[0020] In this embodiment, the diameter of the second rotor 153 is larger than the diameter of the first rotor 152. Specifically, the first rotor 152 has two first rollers 152r positioned symmetrically with respect to the drive shaft 151. The diameter of the first rotor 152 is the diameter of the orbits of the tips of the two first rollers 152r. The second rotor 153 has two second rollers 153r positioned symmetrically with respect to the drive shaft 151. The diameter of the second rotor 153 is the diameter of the orbits of the tips of the two second rollers 153r.

[0021] It should be noted that the diameter of the first rotor 152, the diameter of the first rollers 152r, and the number of first rollers 152r included in the first rotor 152 can be changed as appropriate depending on the desired flow rate of the dialysis fluid. The flow rate of the dialysis fluid due to rotation of the first rotor 152 increases as the diameter of the first rotor 152 increases, as the diameter of the first rollers 152r decreases, or as the number of first rollers 152r included in the first rotor 152 decreases.

[0022] Similarly, the diameter of the second rotor 153, the diameter of the second rollers 153r, and the number of second rollers 153r included in the second rotor 153 can be changed as appropriate depending on the desired flow rate of the drained liquid. The flow rate of the drained liquid due to rotation of the second rotor 153 increases as the diameter of the second rotor 153 increases, as the diameter of the second rollers 153r decreases, or as the number of second rollers 153r included in the second rotor 153 decreases.

[0023] As the drive shaft 151 rotates, the first rotor 152 and the second rotor 153 rotate, causing the first roller 152r to move circumferentially around the first rotor 152 while squeezing the dialysate pipeline 130, causing the dialysate in the dialysate pipeline 130 to flow, and the second roller 153r to move circumferentially around the second rotor 153 while squeezing the drainage pipeline 140, causing the drainage pipeline 140 to flow.

[0024] Because the diameter of the second rotor 153 is larger than the diameter of the first rotor 152, the multi-channel pump 150 is able to cause the drainage fluid flowing through the drainage line 140 as the drive shaft 151 rotates to flow at a rate greater than the flow rate of the dialysis fluid flowing through the dialysis fluid line 130.

[0025] The dialysate conduit 130 or the drain conduit 140 includes a bypass conduit 160 that branches off so as not to pass through the multichannel pump 150. In this embodiment, the dialysate conduit 130 includes the bypass conduit 160. The bypass conduit 160 connects, in the dialysate conduit 130, a first position 131 that is upstream of a connection position 135 with the multichannel pump 150, to a second position 132 that is downstream of the connection position 135, without passing through the multichannel pump 150.

[0026] The blood purifier 120 further includes a switching mechanism that switches whether or not to allow flow through the bypass conduit 160. In this embodiment, the switching mechanism is an on-off valve 181 that opens and closes the bypass conduit 160. That is, the bypass conduit 160 is provided with the on-off valve 181 that switches whether or not to allow flow through the bypass conduit 160 by opening and closing the bypass conduit 160.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 1, when the on-off valve 181 is closed, the drive shaft 151 rotates, and the dialysate passes through the first position 131, the connection position 135, and the second position 132 of the dialysate conduit 130 in this order, and flows into the blood purifier 120 from the dialysate inlet 123 of the blood purifier 120. The drained fluid passes through the connection position 145 of the drained fluid conduit 140 with the multichannel pump 150, and is discharged from the drained fluid conduit 140 at a flow rate greater than the dialysate supplied from the dialysate conduit 130, depending on the flow rate ratio of the dialysate to the drained fluid in the multichannel pump 150. The water removal rate at this time is the difference between the flow rate of the drained fluid and the flow rate of the dialysate. In the state shown in FIG. 1, water removal can be performed while the dialysate is continuously supplied from the dialysate conduit 130.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied in the blood purification apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, when the on-off valve 181 is open and the drive shaft 151 rotates, the dialysate flows out of the blood purifier 120 into the drainage line 140. A portion of the dialysate, corresponding to the flow rate difference between the dialysate and the drainage in the multi-channel pump 150, flows through the bypass line 160 from a first position 131 on the upstream side of the dialysate line 130 to a second position 132 on the downstream side, and then flows into the blood purifier 120 through the dialysate inlet 123 of the blood purifier 120. Therefore, the flow rate of the dialysate supplied from the dialysate line 130 and the flow rate of the drainage from the drainage line 140 become equal. The water removal rate at this time is zero. In the state shown in FIG. 2, water removal can be stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied from the dialysate line 130.

[0029] As described above, the blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment requires only one on-off valve, and with a simple configuration, it is possible to stop water removal as needed while continuously supplying dialysis fluid.

[0030] In this embodiment, the multichannel pump 150 includes the first rotor 152 and the second rotor 153 that squeeze the flexible tube, and therefore can pump the dialysate and the effluent without direct contact between the first roller 152r and the dialysis fluid and without direct contact between the second roller 153r and the effluent. However, the multichannel pump 150 may be configured with multiple gear pumps arranged coaxially and having different numbers of teeth.

[0031] Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between elapsed time and the amount of water removed in the blood purification devices according to the Examples and Comparative Examples. In Figure 3, the vertical axis represents the amount of water removed (mL), and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time (min). The data for the blood purification device according to the Examples are shown by a solid line, and the data for the blood purification device according to the Comparative Examples are shown by a dotted line. The blood purification device according to the Examples has the configuration of blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment, while the blood purification device according to the Comparative Examples has the configuration of a dialysis device described in any of Patent Documents 1 to 4.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3, in the blood purification device of the comparative example, the amount of water removed increases with increasing elapsed time, but in the blood purification device of the embodiment, water removal can be performed intermittently while continuously supplying dialysis fluid by appropriately repeating the execution and stopping of water removal.

[0033] (Embodiment 2) A blood purification device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the blood purification device according to the second embodiment of the present invention differs from the blood purification device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the configuration of the switching mechanism, and therefore, the description of the same configuration as that of the blood purification device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated.

[0034] 4 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, in a blood purification apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the switching mechanism is a pump 190 connected to a bypass line 160.

[0035] When the pump 190 is stopped, the dialysate does not flow through the bypass line 160. When the pump 190 is stopped, the drive shaft 151 rotates, and the dialysate is discharged from the drain line 140 at a flow rate greater than the dialysate supplied from the dialysate line 130, depending on the flow rate ratio of the dialysate to the drained fluid in the multichannel pump 150. The water removal rate at this time is the difference between the flow rate of the drained fluid and the flow rate of the dialysate. In this state, water removal can be performed while the dialysate is continuously supplied from the dialysate line 130.

[0036] Meanwhile, when the pump 190 is driven, a portion of the dialysate flows through the bypass line 160 from a first position 131 on the upstream side of the dialysate line 130 toward a second position 132 on the downstream side. By adjusting the flow rate of the dialysate flowing through the bypass line 160 with the pump 190, the flow rate of the dialysate supplied to the blood purifier 120 and the water removal rate can be changed.

[0037] When the output of pump 190 is adjusted so that a portion of the dialysate corresponding to the flow rate difference between the dialysate and the drainage fluid in multichannel pump 150 flows through bypass line 160, the flow rate of the dialysate supplied from dialysate line 130 and the flow rate of the drainage fluid discharged from drainage line 140 become equal. The water removal rate at this time is 0. In this state, water removal can be stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied from dialysate line 130.

[0038] The blood purification device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention also has a simple configuration that allows for the continuous supply of dialysis fluid while water removal can be stopped as needed.

[0039] (Embodiment 3) A blood purification device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the blood purification device according to the third embodiment of the present invention differs from the blood purification device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the configuration of the bypass pipeline, and therefore, description of the configuration similar to that of the blood purification device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated.

[0040] Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is being performed while a dialysis fluid is continuously supplied in a blood purification apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5, in a blood purification apparatus 300 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, a drainage conduit 140 includes a bypass conduit 170. The bypass conduit 170 connects a first position 141, which is upstream of a connection position 145 with the multichannel pump 150, to a second position 142, which is downstream of the connection position 145, in the drainage conduit 140, without passing through the multichannel pump 150.

[0041] In this embodiment, the switching mechanism is an on-off valve 184 that opens and closes the bypass pipe 170. That is, the bypass pipe 170 is provided with the on-off valve 184 that can switch between allowing and not allowing flow through the bypass pipe 170 by opening and closing the bypass pipe 170.

[0042] As shown in Fig. 5, when the on-off valve 184 is closed, the drive shaft 151 rotates, causing the effluent to pass through the first position 141, the connection position 145, and the second position 142 of the drainage conduit 140 in that order, and to be discharged from the drainage conduit 140 at a flow rate greater than the dialysate supplied from the dialysate conduit 130, depending on the flow rate ratio of the dialysate to the effluent in the multichannel pump 150. The water removal rate at this time is the difference between the flow rate of the effluent and the flow rate of the dialysate. In the state shown in Fig. 5, water removal can be performed while the dialysate is continuously supplied from the dialysate conduit 130.

[0043] Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied in the blood purification apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, when the on-off valve 184 is open and the drive shaft 151 rotates, a portion of the effluent corresponding to the flow rate difference between the dialysate and the effluent in the multichannel pump 150 flows through the bypass conduit 170 from the second position 142 on the downstream side of the drainage conduit 140 to the first position 141 on the upstream side. Therefore, the flow rate of the dialysate supplied from the dialysate conduit 130 and the flow rate of the effluent discharged from the drainage conduit 140 become equal. The water removal rate at this time is zero. In the state shown in Fig. 6, water removal can be stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied from the dialysate conduit 130.

[0044] The blood purification device 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention also has a simple configuration that allows for the continuous supply of dialysis fluid while water removal can be stopped as needed.

[0045] (Embodiment 4) A blood purification device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the blood purification device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention differs from the blood purification device according to the third embodiment of the present invention in the configuration of the switching mechanism, and therefore, the description of the same configuration as that of the blood purification device according to the third embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated.

[0046] 7 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, in a blood purification apparatus 400 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, the switching mechanism is a pump 191 connected to a bypass pipeline 170.

[0047] When the pump 191 is stopped, the effluent does not flow through the bypass conduit 170. When the pump 191 is stopped, the drive shaft 151 rotates, and the effluent is discharged from the drain conduit 140 at a flow rate greater than the dialysis fluid supplied from the dialysate conduit 130, depending on the flow rate ratio of the dialysis fluid to the effluent in the multichannel pump 150. The water removal rate at this time is the difference between the flow rate of the effluent and the flow rate of the dialysate. In this state, water removal can be performed while the dialysis fluid is continuously supplied from the dialysate conduit 130.

[0048] Meanwhile, by driving the pump 191, a portion of the drainage liquid flows through the bypass pipe 170 from the second position 142 on the downstream side of the drainage pipe 140 toward the first position 141 on the upstream side. By adjusting the flow rate of the drainage liquid flowing through the bypass pipe 170 with the pump 191, the flow rate of the drainage liquid and the water removal speed can be changed.

[0049] When the output of pump 191 is adjusted so that a portion of the effluent corresponding to the flow rate difference between the dialysate and the effluent in multichannel pump 150 flows through bypass line 170, the flow rate of the dialysate supplied from dialysate line 130 and the flow rate of the effluent discharged from drain line 140 become equal. The water removal rate at this time is 0. In this state, water removal can be stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied from dialysate line 130.

[0050] The blood purification apparatus 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention also has a simple configuration that allows for the continuous supply of dialysis fluid while water removal can be stopped as needed.

[0051] (Embodiment 5) A blood purification device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The blood purification device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention differs from the blood purification device according to the first embodiment of the present invention mainly in the configuration of the bypass pipeline, and therefore, description of the configuration similar to that of the blood purification device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated.

[0052] Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is being performed while a dialysate is being continuously supplied in a blood purification apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 8, in a blood purification apparatus 500 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, the dialysate conduit 130 further includes a bypass conduit 161. The bypass conduit 161 connects a third position 133, which is upstream of the first position 131, to a fourth position 134, which is downstream of the second position 132, in the dialysate conduit 130, without passing through the multichannel pump 150.

[0053] An on-off valve 182 is provided in the bypass conduit 161, which can switch between allowing and not allowing flow through the bypass conduit 161 by opening and closing the bypass conduit 161. An on-off valve 183 is provided in the dialysate conduit 130 in a portion between the first position 131 and the third position 133, which can open and close the dialysate conduit 130.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 8, when the drive shaft 151 rotates with the first on-off valve 181 and the second on-off valve 182 closed and the third on-off valve 183 open, the dialysate passes through the third position 133, the first position 131, the connection position 135, the second position 132, and the fourth position 134 of the dialysate conduit 130 in this order, and flows into the blood purifier 120 from the dialysate inlet 123 of the blood purifier 120. The effluent is discharged from the drain conduit 140 at a flow rate greater than the dialysate supplied from the dialysate conduit 130, depending on the flow rate ratio of the dialysate to the effluent in the multichannel pump 150. The water removal rate at this time is the difference between the flow rate of the effluent and the flow rate of the dialysate. In the state shown in FIG. 8, water removal can be performed while the dialysate is continuously supplied from the dialysate conduit 130.

[0055] 9 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which water removal is stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied in the blood purification apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, when the drive shaft 151 rotates with the first and second on-off valves 181 and 182 open and the third on-off valve 183 closed, the dialysate flows through the bypass line 161 from the third position 133 on the upstream side of the dialysate line 130 to the fourth position 134 on the downstream side, following the outflow of the effluent from the blood purifier 120 into the drainage line 140, and then flows into the blood purifier 120 from the dialysate inlet 123 of the blood purifier 120. Therefore, the flow rate of the dialysate supplied from the dialysate line 130 and the flow rate of the effluent discharged from the drainage line 140 become the same. At this time, a portion of the dialysate circulates between the second position 132, the first position 131, and the connection position 135 of the dialysate line 130. At this time, the water removal rate is 0. In the state shown in Fig. 9, water removal can be stopped while dialysate is continuously supplied from the dialysate line 130.

[0056] As described above, the blood purification apparatus 500 according to this embodiment requires only three on-off valves, and with a simple configuration, it is possible to stop water removal as needed while continuously supplying dialysis fluid.

[0057] In the above-described embodiments, configurations that can be combined may be combined with each other.

[0058] The embodiments disclosed herein should be considered to be illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 100,200,300,400,500 Blood purification device, 110 Blood circuit, 111 Blood pump, 120 Blood purifier, 121 Blood inlet, 122 Blood outlet, 123 Dialysis fluid inlet, 124 Drainage outlet, 130 Dialysis fluid line, 131,141 First position, 132,142 Second position, 133 Third position, 134 Fourth position, 135,145 Connection position, 140 Drainage line, 150 Multi-channel pump, 151 Drive shaft, 152 First rotor, 152r First roller, 153 Second rotor, 153r Second roller, 160,161,170 Bypass line, 181,182,183,184 Opening and closing valve, 190,191 Pump.

Claims

1. A blood purifier incorporated into the blood circuit through which blood flows, a dialysate line for supplying dialysate into the blood purifier; a drainage pipe through which the drainage liquid discharged from the blood purifier flows; a multi-channel pump connected to the dialysate line and the drain line; The multi-channel pump has a drive shaft, and as the drive shaft rotates, the drainage fluid flows through the drainage conduit at a flow rate equal to or greater than the flow rate of the dialysate flowing through the dialysate conduit; the dialysate line or the drain line includes a bypass line that branches off so as not to pass through the multi-channel pump; The blood purification apparatus further comprises a switching mechanism for switching between allowing and disallowing flow through the bypass pipeline.

2. the dialysate line includes the bypass line; the switching mechanism is an on-off valve that opens and closes the bypass pipeline, 2. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when the on-off valve is open, a portion of the dialysate flows through the bypass line from the upstream side to the downstream side of the dialysate line.

3. the drain line includes the bypass line; the switching mechanism is an on-off valve that opens and closes the bypass pipeline, 2. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when the on-off valve is open, a portion of the drained fluid flows through the bypass line from the downstream side to the upstream side of the drainage line.

4. the dialysate line includes the bypass line; the switching mechanism is a pump connected to the bypass line, 2. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the dialysate flows through the bypass line from the upstream side to the downstream side of the dialysate line when the pump is driven.

5. the drain line includes the bypass line; the switching mechanism is a pump connected to the bypass line, 2. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pump is driven to cause a portion of the drainage fluid to flow through the bypass line from the downstream side to the upstream side of the drainage line.

6. the multi-channel pump includes a first rotor and a second rotor engaged with the drive shaft and rotating therewith; the first rotor engages the dialysate line; 6. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second rotor is engaged with the drainage line.

7. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the diameter of the second rotor is larger than the diameter of the first rotor.

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