Surgical instrument

Abstract

To provide a surgical instrument including an elongated body assembly adapted to be attached to a load unit which may have various types.SOLUTION: The elongated body assembly comprises a load unit type recognition part (100a). The load unit type recognition part comprises a first sliding member (101) configured to be actuated and moved to a predetermined position by the load unit during assembly of the load unit, a first biasing member (106) adapted to bias the first sliding member to an initial position compatible with the load unit, a first trigger member (102) arranged on the first sliding member, and a first circuit board (103) comprising at least two first response members.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority to Application No. 202110865511.X, entitled "Surgical Instrument," filed with the Patent Office of the People's Republic of China on July 29, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of surgical instruments, and more particularly to surgical instruments capable of recognizing the type of loading unit. [Background technology]

[0003] Surgical instruments can be used in surgical procedures to clamp, cut, and anastomose tissue. A conventional surgical stapling instrument includes a load unit and a handle assembly. The load unit is an end effector of the surgical instrument and is used to clamp the tissue to be cut / anastomized. While the load unit is disposable, the handle assembly can be used multiple times in a single procedure. Therefore, the load unit is typically detachably assembled on the handle assembly, and the corresponding load unit is replaced depending on the situation. Different types of load units may require different stroke lengths for actuation. When a different load unit is replaced, relevant information about the load unit (such as the type of the load unit) must be transmitted to a control unit on the handle assembly of the surgical instrument. This allows the corresponding actuation to be selected based on the type of load unit, thereby avoiding medical accidents.

[0004] Prior art surgical instruments typically include a recognition unit for identifying the type of load unit. Currently, the recognition unit typically employs an RFID scanning recognition method, which requires an RFID chip to be attached to the load unit, and the handle is equipped with a reader. To use the device, the operator inserts the load unit into the handle by bringing it close to the reader to scan the RFID chip attached to the load unit. The control unit obtains the type of load unit from the information read by the reader. This recognition method requires scanning the RFID before inserting the load unit, which increases operational steps and reduces user convenience. However, if a type I load unit is scanned and a type II load unit is mistakenly inserted into the handle, the control unit cannot determine that the current type of load unit is incorrect. Therefore, this method also carries the risk of misidentification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a surgical instrument for linear clamping, cutting, and anastomosis that is convenient for surgery and has a low risk of misdiagnosis.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a surgical instrument is provided. The surgical instrument comprises a handle assembly adapted to be attached to a load unit, which may have various types, the handle assembly comprising a handle portion and an elongated body assembly, the elongated body assembly comprising an identification portion for identifying the type of the load unit, the identification portion comprising: a first sliding member slidably arranged within the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, the first sliding member configured to be actuated by the load unit during assembly of the load unit to move to a predetermined position; a first trigger member adapted to be moved to the predetermined position together with the first sliding member and arranged on the first sliding member; a first circuit board arranged within the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, the first circuit board having at least two first response members arranged on the first circuit board, each of the first response members configured to cooperate with the first trigger member to conduct or cut off one first electrical branch, each of the first electrical branches having a different load value; and a controller configured to determine the type of the load unit based on a feedback signal from the first circuit board.

[0007] In one embodiment, at least two first response members are spaced apart on the first circuit board in the sliding direction of the first sliding member and adapted to engage with the first trigger member when the first trigger member moves to the predetermined position.

[0008] In one embodiment, at least two first trigger members are spaced apart on the first sliding member in the sliding direction of the first sliding member, and at least two first response members are spaced apart on the first circuit board so as to engage when the first trigger member is moved to the predetermined position.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first sliding member can be actuated to slide by inserting or rotating the loading unit, so that the first trigger member is engaged with the first response member at the predetermined position.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first electrical branch is conductive when the first trigger member is engaged with the first response member and the first trigger member is in surface or line contact with the first response member.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first response member is configured as a conductive piece arranged on the first circuit board, the first trigger member is configured as an elastic conductive sheet, one end of the first trigger member is connected to the first sliding member, and the other end of the first trigger member abuts against the first circuit board, and when the first sliding member drives the elastic conductive sheet and the elastic conductive sheet slides to abut against the conductive piece, the first electrical branch on which the conductive piece is arranged becomes conductive.

[0012] In one embodiment, when the first trigger member engages the first response member, the first electrical branch is disconnected, and the length of the first trigger member is configured to match the distance between adjacent first response members, so that when the first trigger member moves to the predetermined position, one first electrical branch is disconnected.

[0013] In one embodiment, when the first trigger member engages the first response member, the first electrical branch is disconnected, and the length of the first trigger member is configured to match the distance between adjacent first response members, so that when the first trigger member moves to the predetermined position, multiple first electrical branches are disconnected.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first response member comprises two elastic conductive pieces abutting each other, the two elastic conductive pieces being electrically connected to form one first electrical branch, and the first trigger member is an insulating protrusion disposed on the first sliding member, which moves to a position between the two elastic conductive pieces under the operation of the first sliding member to cut off the electrical connection of the first electrical branch.

[0015] In one embodiment, the device further comprises a first biasing member adapted to bias the first sliding member to an initial position for fitting to the loading unit.

[0016] In one embodiment, a frame is disposed within the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, a sliding groove is disposed in the frame, the first circuit board is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the sliding groove, the first sliding member is slidably connected to the sliding groove, and the first biasing member is located between the sliding groove and the first sliding member.

[0017] In one embodiment, the device further comprises a display unit, the display unit configured to provide a first display signal for displaying the type of the load unit in response to a signal from the controller.

[0018] In one embodiment, a feature having a recognition surface adapted to cooperate with the recognition portion to identify the type of the load unit is located on the proximal side of the load unit, and the position of the recognition surface indicates the type of the load unit.

[0019] In one embodiment, the recognition surface is adapted to engage with the first sliding member and slide the first sliding member in the longitudinal direction of the elongate body assembly or in the circumferential direction of the elongate body assembly.

[0020] In one embodiment, the elongated body assembly further includes a determination unit for determining whether the load unit is properly assembled, the determination unit including a second sliding member and a third sliding member slidably disposed within the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, the second sliding member configured to cooperate with an engagement nub of the load unit, the third sliding member configured to cooperate with a proximal portion of the load unit, and when the load unit is properly assembled, the second sliding member is actuated to move to a set position corresponding to the type of the load unit, and the third sliding member is actuated to move to a set position, the second sliding member and the third sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the second sliding member and the third sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the second sliding member and the third sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the third sliding member and the second sliding member being actuated to move to a set position, the second sliding member and the third ... the second circuit board is fixedly positioned within the shell, the second circuit board having a second response member and a third response member, the second response member configured to cooperate with the second trigger member to switch a second electrical branch between a first state and a second state, the third response member configured to cooperate with the third trigger member to switch a third electrical branch between a third state and a fourth state, signals representing at least two states are provided by the second circuit board, the signals representing the two states respectively indicating that the load unit is inserted into a predetermined position and rotated at a predetermined position; and a controller configured to determine whether the load unit is properly assembled by a feedback signal from the second circuit board.

[0021] In one embodiment, a second biasing member is disposed between the second sliding member and the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, and when the loading unit is inserted into a predetermined position, an engagement nub of the loading unit abuts the second sliding member and the second trigger member engages with the second response member to switch the second electrical branch to the first state, and when the loading unit is rotated in a predetermined position, the second sliding member is biased toward the distal portion of the elongated body assembly by the action of the second biasing member, and the second trigger member is disengaged from the second response member to switch the second electrical branch to the second state.

[0022] In one embodiment, a third biasing member is disposed between the third sliding member of the elongate body assembly and the outer shell, and when the load unit is in a position inserted into a predetermined position and rotated to a predetermined position, the third trigger member triggers the third response member to switch the third electrical branch to the third state, and when the load unit is in an uninserted position, the third sliding member is biased toward the distal portion of the elongate body assembly by the action of the third biasing member, and the third trigger member is disengaged from the third response member to switch the third electrical branch to the fourth state.

[0023] In one embodiment, the second response member and the third response member are each an electrical switch, and the second trigger member and the third trigger member are configured to engage with the electrical switch to switch the state of the second electrical branch and the third electrical branch.

[0024] In one embodiment, the second response member / the third response member are configured as electrical contacts, and the second trigger member cooperates with the second response member to form a switch for conducting or disconnecting the second electrical branch, and the third trigger member cooperates with the third response member to form a switch for conducting or disconnecting the second electrical branch.

[0025] In one embodiment, a plurality of the first electrical branches are connected in parallel to form a load unit type recognition circuit, the second electrical branch and the third electrical branch are connected in series to form a load unit with a well-assembled recognition circuit, and the load unit type recognition circuit and the well-assembled recognition circuit load unit are connected in series to a controller.

[0026] In one embodiment, the load unit type recognition circuit further comprises a first load branch connected in parallel with the first electrical branch, and in a load unit with the recognition circuit properly assembled, the first state and the second state of the second electrical branch correspond to two electrical branches with different load values, and the third state and the fourth state of the third electrical branch correspond to connection of the electrical branch and disconnection of the electrical branch, and when the load unit is in an uninserted position and a position rotated in a predetermined position, the load unit type recognition circuit and the load unit with the recognition circuit properly assembled are in a conductive state, and the load values ​​in the two states are different, and when the load unit is in an inserted position in a predetermined position, the load unit type recognition circuit and the load unit with the recognition circuit properly assembled are in a non-conductive state.

[0027] In one embodiment, the load unit type recognition circuit further comprises a first load branch connected in parallel with the first electrical branch, and in a load unit with the recognition circuit properly assembled, the first state and the second state of the second electrical branch correspond to two electrical branches having different load values, and the third state and the fourth state of the third electrical branch correspond to two electrical branches having different load values, and when the load unit is in an uninserted position, when the load unit is in an inserted position in a predetermined position, and when the load unit is in a rotated position in a predetermined position, the load unit type recognition circuit and the load unit with the recognition circuit properly assembled are in a conductive state, and the load values ​​in the two states are different.

[0028] In one embodiment, the device further comprises a display unit, the display unit being configured to provide a second display signal for indicating that the load unit is successfully assembled in response to a signal from the controller.

[0029] In one embodiment, the end of the loading unit comprises a first insertion section and a second insertion section connected sequentially from the distal end to the proximal end, the outer diameter of the first insertion section is larger than the outer diameter of the second insertion section, the engagement nub is disposed on the first insertion section, a step formed between the first insertion section and the second insertion section is adapted to be engaged with the first sliding member, an end face of the second insertion section is adapted to be engaged with the third sliding member, and the second insertion section has a length related to the type of the loading unit.

[0030] In one embodiment, the engagement nub of the load unit is configured as a locking protrusion arranged on the end of the load unit, and a locking slide groove is arranged inside the outer shell of the elongate body assembly, and the locking protrusion is configured to lock the load unit from rotation by engaging with the locking slide groove.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present disclosure has the following technical effects:

[0032] In the surgical instrument provided by the present disclosure, the elongated body assembly includes a recognition portion for identifying the type of the load unit and a sliding member for matching with a characteristic portion of the load unit. The sliding member drives the trigger member to connect or disconnect different electrical branches, and the type of the load unit is recognized by different loads of the different electrical branches. The surgical instrument of the present disclosure can realize the type recognition of the load unit during the process of inserting the load unit, which is convenient for surgery and has a low risk of misidentification. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0033] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, which are useful for understanding the objects and advantages of the present disclosure. [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present disclosure; FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a handle assembly of one embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1A-1C are schematic structural diagrams of three different types of loading units in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of one embodiment of a load unit determination portion of the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection structure between a load unit and an elongated body assembly in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of one embodiment of a load unit type recognition portion of the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a recognition unit for identifying the type of loading unit cooperating with a type II loading unit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a recognition unit for identifying the type of load unit that cooperates with an I-type load unit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a recognition unit for identifying the type of loading unit that cooperates with a type II loading unit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 10a] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a load unit type recognition circuit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 10b] FIG. 10 is another schematic structural diagram of a load unit type recognition circuit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 10c] FIG. 10 is another schematic structural diagram of a load unit type recognition circuit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a first sliding member and a first trigger member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 12]FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the cooperating relationship of one embodiment of a first trigger member and a first response member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure; [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a first sliding member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a first trigger member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a first circuit board and a first response member in a surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cooperative relationship of another embodiment of a first trigger member and a first response member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure; [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a first trigger member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a first response member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a second sliding member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 20] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a second trigger member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 21a] 1 illustrates the connection state of one embodiment of a load unit type recognition circuit when no load unit is inserted and a load unit with the recognition circuit attached in place according to the present disclosure. [Figure 21b] 1 illustrates the connection state of one embodiment of a load unit type recognition circuit and a load unit with a recognition circuit attached in place when the load unit is inserted in place according to the present disclosure. [Figure 21c] 1 illustrates the connection state of one embodiment of a load unit type recognition circuit and a load unit with the recognition circuit attached in a predetermined position when the load unit is rotated into position according to the present disclosure. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotational locking connection structure between a loading unit and an elongated body assembly in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 23a]FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an elongate body assembly without a loading unit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 23b] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an elongate body assembly inserted with a loading unit in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 23c] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a loading unit rotated in position in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure; [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the first sliding member and the first trigger member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 25] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a first circuit board and a first response member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 26] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the first sliding member and the first trigger member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cooperative relationship between a first slide and a first circuit board in another embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present disclosure; [Figure 28] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the first sliding member and the first trigger member in the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 29a] FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of cooperation between a first slide member and a first circuit board in an initial state in another embodiment of the presently disclosed surgical instrument; [Figure 29b] FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of cooperation between a first sliding member and a first circuit board after the loading unit is assembled in another embodiment of the presently disclosed surgical instrument. [Figure 30] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading unit in another embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present disclosure. [Figure 31] 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of an embodiment of a load unit type recognition circuit and a load unit with a recognition circuit mounted at a predetermined position in the present disclosure. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] The technical solutions of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. In the description of the present disclosure, the term "distal side / distal end" refers to a part of an instrument and / or a device or its component that is far from an operator (such as a doctor using the instrument) when the surgical instrument is operated. Meanwhile, please note that the term "proximal side / proximal end" refers to a part of an instrument and / or a device or its component that is close to the operator. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "device," "connected," and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" and "connection" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and a connection between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood by those skilled in the art in specific cases. Furthermore, the technical features included in the different embodiments of the present disclosure described below can be combined with each other as long as they are not mutually contradictory.

[0035] 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a surgical instrument. The illustrated embodiment is an endoscopic instrument, and typically, the surgical instrument embodiments described herein are endoscopic surgical instruments for cutting and anastomosis. However, it should be understood that the surgical instrument may also be a non-endoscopic surgical instrument for cutting and anastomosis, such as an open surgical instrument for open surgery.

[0036] The surgical instrument shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a handle assembly and a loading unit 200, which can be detachably coupled to each other. The handle assembly can be adapted to be assembled with the loading unit 200, which can have various types. The distal end of the loading unit 200 includes an end effector 210. The end effector 210 includes an anvil assembly 211 and a staple cartridge assembly 212. The anvil assembly 211 and the staple cartridge assembly 212 form jaws, and the end effector 210 is adapted to perform specific surgical operations, such as clamping, suturing / anastomosis of tissue, and cutting of tissue. A movable firing member (not shown in FIG. 1) is disposed on the end effector 210 for performing the specific surgical operation. The handle assembly includes a handle portion 300 and an elongated body assembly 100, which defines a longitudinal axis that extends distally from the distal end of the handle portion 300. The distal end of the elongate body assembly 100 is detachably connected to the loading unit 200 .

[0037] Further, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the handle portion 300 includes a handle body 310 and an actuating member 320, and by manipulating the actuating member 320, the end effector 210 is closed, opened, sutured / anastomotic, cut, and other operations are performed.

[0038] In another embodiment, the handle portion 300 and the elongate body assembly 100 can be removably coupled to one another, with the handle portion 300 configured to be selectively connected to the elongate body assembly 100 .

[0039] It should be noted that while an end effector 210 for cutting and anastomosing tissue is provided in the embodiments of the surgical instruments described herein, other techniques for cutting and anastomosing tissue are also provided in other embodiments. For example, an end effector for anastomosing tissue by using radio frequency (RF) energy or adhesives could also be used.

[0040] 1 , in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the handle assembly further includes a rotation knob assembly 400. The rotation knob assembly 400 is disposed at a distal portion of the handle portion 300 and is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the elongate body assembly 100. When the rotation knob assembly 400 is manipulated to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the surgical instrument, the elongate body assembly 100 and the loading unit 200 can be driven to rotate together.

[0041] The surgical instrument of the above embodiment further includes a recognition unit that identifies the type of the load unit 100a and controls the drive system that provides drive according to the type of the load unit.

[0042] 4, a recognition unit 100a for identifying the type of loading unit is disposed at the distal portion of the elongated body assembly 100, and the type of the loading unit 200 can be determined by the recognition unit to facilitate further surgical procedures. Specific embodiments of the recognition unit 100a will be described below.

[0043] <Recognition unit 100a for identifying the type of load unit> 6 , the recognition unit 100a for identifying the type of the load unit includes a first sliding member 101 slidably arranged within the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100, a first trigger member 102 arranged on the first sliding member 101 and operable to slide together with the first sliding member 101, a first circuit board 103 attached within the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100 and fixed relative to the elongated body assembly 100, and a controller configured to determine the type of the load unit 200 based on a feedback signal from the first circuit board 103. Specific attachment positions of the first sliding member 101 and the first circuit board 103 are not specific, and the first sliding member and the first circuit board may be selectively connected to the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100 or to a frame 107 inside the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100.

[0044] The first sliding member 101 is configured to cooperate with the loading unit 200, and different types of loading units 200 can trigger the first sliding member 101 to slide to different predetermined positions along the longitudinal axis or circumferential direction of the elongate body assembly 100 during the axial insertion or circumferential rotation mounting and locking process, thereby sliding the first trigger member 102 to different predetermined positions.

[0045] 4-20 and 24-25 show an embodiment of a surgical instrument in which the type of loading unit is recognized by the axial insertion and attachment action of the loading unit 200. A first sliding member 101 that can cooperate with the loading unit 200 is axially and slidably disposed within the elongate body assembly 100. When a different type of loading unit 200 is inserted, the first sliding member 101 is triggered to slide to a different predetermined position in the longitudinal axial direction, thereby sliding the first trigger member 102 to a different predetermined position.

[0046] 15, at least two first response members 104 are longitudinally spaced apart on the first circuit board 103, and the first slide member 101 includes one first trigger member 102. When the first slide member 101 is actuated by the loading unit 200 to move longitudinally to a predetermined position, the predetermined position depends on the corresponding type of loading unit, and the first trigger member 102 cooperates with the corresponding first response member 104 to provide an electrical signal corresponding to the type of loading unit. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24, at least two first trigger members 102 are longitudinally spaced apart on the sliding member 101, and at least two first response members 104 are circumferentially spaced apart on the first circuit board 103. When the first sliding member 101 slides to a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction by the operation of different types of loading units 200, each first response member 104 is configured to cooperate with a corresponding first trigger member 102 to provide an electrical signal corresponding to the type of loading unit. For example, the first electrical branch A1 is made conductive or cut off by cooperating the first response member 104 with the first trigger member 102, and the load value on each first electrical branch A1 is different.

[0047] 3 and 7 to 9 show an embodiment of the recognition unit 100a used to identify the type of load unit 200. In this embodiment, the load unit 200 has three different types, and a feature 201 for characterizing the type of the load unit 200 is disposed on the proximal side of the load unit 200. The feature 201 has a recognition surface 202, and the recognition surface 202 is disposed at a predetermined position on the load unit 200, which corresponds to a specific type of the load unit 200.

[0048] In this manner, when the loading unit 200 is inserted into the elongated body assembly 100, the recognition surface 202 of the feature 201 slides the first sliding member 101 a distance corresponding to the type of the loading unit 200. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 , the recognition surface 202 of an I-shaped loading unit 200 is located closest to the proximal end of the I-shaped loading unit. As shown in FIG. 8 , when the I-shaped loading unit 200 is inserted into the elongated body assembly 100, the recognition surface 202 presses against the first sliding member 101, causing the first trigger member 102 to slide to a first predetermined position, and the first trigger member 102 cooperates with the first response member 104 on the distal side of the elongated body assembly 100. As a result, the state of the first electrical branch A1 connected to the first response member 104 changes, the first circuit board 103 acquires a first electrical signal and sends the first electrical signal to the controller, and the controller determines that the load unit 200 is an I-type load unit 200 based on the first electrical signal.

[0049] 7, the recognition surface 202 of the type II load unit 200 is disposed at a position furthest from the proximal end of the type II load unit. When the type II load unit 200 is inserted into the elongated body assembly 100, the recognition surface 202 presses the first sliding member 101, thereby sliding the first trigger member 102 to the second predetermined position. As a result of the first trigger member 102 cooperating with the first response member 104 at the proximal end of the elongated body assembly 100, the state of the first electrical branch A1 connected to the first response member 104 changes, and the first circuit board 103 acquires and transmits a second electrical signal to the controller. The controller determines that the load unit 200 is a type II load unit 200 based on the second electrical signal.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 9, the controller can determine that the type II loading unit 200 has a recognition action surface 202 of a feature 201 of the type II loading unit, the recognition action surface 202 being positioned between the most proximal side and the most distal side.

[0051] Since the first response members 104 are spaced apart on the first circuit board 103, no electrical signal is output from a part of the first trigger member located between the two first response members 104 during the sliding of the first trigger member 102, and by adjusting the difference in load values ​​between the two first electrical branches A1, a wide recognition tolerance of electrical characteristics can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability of the recognition system.

[0052] Specifically, the load of the first electrical branch A1 is not set at a specific position, and for example, a resistor, a diode, an inductor, an active load, etc. may be used, and the electrical signal output from the first circuit board 103 may also have different types, for example, a voltage analog signal may be used, and frequency modulation, amplitude modulation, capacitance, inductance, and other electrical signals may also be used.

[0053] 10(a) to 10(c) show a load unit type recognition circuit D1 having a resistor as a load. Specifically, in one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 10a, the load unit type recognition circuit D1 is formed by connecting two first electrical branches A1 in parallel and is configured to distinguish between the types of two load units 200. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 10b, the load unit type recognition circuit D1 is formed by connecting two first electrical branches A1 and a first load branch A4 in parallel and is configured to distinguish between the types of two load units 200.

[0054] Since the first load R4 is connected to the first load branch A4, the load unit type recognition circuit D1 forms a normally conducting circuit. As shown in Fig. 10c, the load unit type recognition circuit D1 is configured by connecting three first electrical branches A1 and the first load branch A4 in parallel, and is configured to distinguish the types of the three load units 200.

[0055] 10b, the first load R4 is connected to the first load branch A4, so that the load unit type recognition circuit D1 forms a normally conducting circuit for self-checking whether the load unit 200 is assembled. For example, when the load unit 200 is not assembled, the first load branch A4 is in a conducting state, so that the whole circuit is in a conducting state.

[0056] Also, after the loading unit 200 is assembled, for example, after a type III loading unit 200 is assembled, the recognition action surface 202 is engaged with the first sliding member 101, the first trigger member 102 continuously cooperates with the first response member 104 at its distal end, and the type of the loading unit 200 is determined by the controller. When another type of loading unit 200 is assembled, for example, when a type I loading unit or a type II loading unit is assembled, the recognition action surface 202 of the feature 201 can press both of the first sliding members 101 to connect the corresponding first electrical branch A1 and provide a corresponding recognition electrical signal, and the type of the corresponding loading unit is determined by the controller.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first electrical branch A1 is conducted when the first trigger member 102 engages with the first response member 104 and the first trigger member 102 is in surface or line contact with the first response member 104.

[0058] The first trigger member 102 is configured to make surface or line contact with the first response member 104, so that a wider range of sliding movement is possible by adjusting the widths of the first trigger member 102 and the first response member 104. As a result, the reliability of the recognition system is improved.

[0059] Specifically, the first response member 104 has recognition information intervals with different areas, and when the area of ​​the first response member 104 is large, the contact area of ​​the first response member with the first trigger member 102 is large, or the first trigger member 102 has a larger contact area, so that connection with the first response member 104 is easier.

[0060] Both of these methods can widen the recognition tolerance of the load unit type recognition unit 100a, thereby improving recognition accuracy. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the first response member 104 is designed as a conductive piece 104a disposed on the first circuit board 103, and the first trigger member 102 is designed as an elastic conductive sheet 102a. One end of the first trigger member 102 is engaged with the first sliding member 101, and the other end of the first trigger member abuts the first circuit board 103. When the elastic conductive sheet 102a is actuated by the first sliding member 101 and slides to a position abutting the conductive piece 104a, the first electrical branch A1 having the conductive piece 104a becomes conductive. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 15, the conductive piece 104a can be formed as a square sheet that is slightly protruding or recessed relative to the circuit board. As shown in FIG. 14, the elastic conductive sheet 102a is formed into a substantially V-shaped insertion sheet structure, and one end of the first trigger member 102 is inserted into the first sliding member 101.

[0061] Specifically, an insertion opening is provided on one plate surface of the first sliding member 101, and one surface of a V-shaped insertion sheet is inserted into the insertion opening of the first sliding member 101. An arc-shaped protrusion is provided on the other surface of the V-shaped insertion sheet, and the arc-shaped protrusion is configured to cooperate with the conductive piece 104a to achieve line contact. In this way, the contact area with the conductive piece 104a can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the arc-shaped protrusion. More specifically, in one embodiment, a sheet-shaped conductive lug is connected to the surface of the arc-shaped protrusion, so that the elastic conductive sheet 102a forms surface contact with the conductive piece 104a, and the contact area with the conductive piece 104a can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the sheet-shaped conductive lug.

[0062] To increase the contact area between the first response member 104 and the first trigger member 102, two first trigger members 102 are detachably connected to the first slide member 101, the first trigger members 102 are spaced apart in the vertical sliding direction on the first slide member 101, and two first response members 104 are arranged on the first circuit board 103 in the vertical sliding direction on the first slide member 101, such that the position of each first response member 104 corresponds to the position of each first trigger member 102. As a result, the recognition circuit is conductive when each of the two first trigger members 102 engages with its corresponding first response member 104. In another embodiment, when the first trigger member 102 engages with the first response member 104, the first electrical branch A1 is disconnected, and the length of the first trigger member 102 matches the distance between two adjacent first response members 104. As a result, when the first trigger member is moved to a different position, only the first electrical branch A1 where one first response member 104 is located is disconnected, while the other conductive first electrical branches A1 generate corresponding recognition signals.

[0063] In another embodiment, the length of the first trigger member 102 matches the distance between two adjacent first response members 104, so that multiple first electrical branches A1 can be disconnected simultaneously when the first trigger member moves to different positions.

[0064] For example, when the first trigger member 102 moves to the first predetermined position, the first trigger member 102 cooperates with the first setting position and the second setting position of the first response member 104, and the two first electrical branches A1 are disconnected simultaneously.

[0065] When the first trigger member moves to the second predetermined position, it cooperates with the second setting position and the third setting position of the first response member 104, and the two first electrical branches A1 are simultaneously disconnected, and the other electrical branches are combined to form a recognition electrical signal, etc.

[0066] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, the first response member 104 includes two elastic conductive pieces 104b that abut against each other, and the two elastic conductive pieces 104b are electrically connected to form one first electrical branch A1; As shown in FIG. 17, the first trigger member 102 is an insulating protrusion 102b arranged on the first sliding member 101, and when the first sliding member 101 drives the insulating protrusion 102b to slide to a position between the two elastic conductive pieces 104b, the first electrical branch A1 where the two elastic conductive pieces 104b are located is cut off.

[0067] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16 , two limiting plates 1031 are formed side by side on a first circuit board 103 in the axial direction of the elongated body assembly 100, and a first response member 104 is attached between the two limiting plates 1031. The elastic conductive pieces 104b can be designed in various ways. In one embodiment, the elastic conductive pieces 104b are V-shaped. One side surface of each of the two V-shaped elastic conductive pieces 104b abuts against the limiting plate 1031, and the other side surfaces of each of the two V-shaped elastic conductive pieces abut against each other, forming an electrical connection. To ensure a reliable electrical connection between the two elastic conductive pieces 104b, an arc-shaped protrusion is formed outward on one side surface of the V-shaped elastic conductive piece 104b (shown in FIG. 18 ), so that the two V-shaped elastic conductive pieces 104b form more reliable line or surface contact.

[0068] In order for the first trigger member 102 to smoothly cut the connection between the two first response members 104, the first trigger member 102 is formed as a protrusion with a sharp corner structure at its proximal end (shown in FIG. 17 ), so that the width of the proximal end is narrowed and the first trigger member can be easily inserted between the two V-shaped elastic conductive pieces 104a, with the body portion and the sharp corner portion of the first trigger member 102 passing smoothly. When the first trigger member 102 slides to a predetermined position, the body portion of the first trigger member 102 cooperates with the first response members 104, and at least a portion of the first trigger member 102 is made of a non-conductive material to achieve reliable cutting.

[0069] Specifically, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, the elongated body assembly 100 comprises a tubular outer shell 105, and the first sliding member 101 is formed as an elongated sheet and is axially slidable within the tubular outer shell 105.

[0070] In order to bias the first sliding member 101 toward the proximal end of the elongated body assembly 100 without an assembled loading unit, a first biasing member 106 is disposed between the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100 and the first sliding member 101, and the first biasing member 106 applies a force to the first sliding member 101 toward its distal end. In this manner, the first sliding member 101 is biased in an initial state toward the distal end of the elongated body assembly 100 by the action of the first biasing member 106.

[0071] 13 , in order to enhance the pressing action between the first sliding member 101 and the recognition action surface 202 of the load unit 200, a protrusion 101b is axially arranged on the proximal end of the first sliding member 101, a reset hole 101c is longitudinally arranged in the first sliding member 101, and a first biasing member 106 is arranged between the outer shell 105 and the reset hole 101c. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 , a frame 107 is arranged on the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100, a sliding groove is arranged in the frame 107, and a first circuit board 103 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding groove. The first sliding member 101 is slidably connected to the side wall of the sliding groove, and a first biasing member 106 is arranged between the proximal end of the sliding groove and the proximal end of the first sliding member 101.

[0072] 22 , in the surgical instrument of the above-described embodiment, the proximal end of the loading unit 200 further includes a connection structure for connecting to the elongated body assembly 100, and includes a first insertion section 205 and a second insertion section 206 connected sequentially from the proximal end to the distal end. The outer diameter of the first insertion section 205 is larger than the outer diameter of the second insertion section 206, and the first insertion section 205 includes an engagement nub 203 for releasably engaging with the distal end of the elongated body assembly 100 in a bayonet-like manner.

[0073] The second insertion section 206 is configured as the recognition feature portion 201. Different types of loading units 200 may have second insertion sections 206 of different lengths, and a step between the first insertion section 205 and the second insertion section 206 abuts against the first sliding member 101, and the step is configured as the recognition action surface 202.

[0074] 26 to 30 show an embodiment of a surgical instrument in which the type of loading unit 200 is recognized during bayonet-style engagement of the loading unit 200. A first sliding member 101 adapted to cooperate with the loading unit 200 is slidably disposed circumferentially inside the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100. More specifically, the first sliding member 101 is slidably disposed on a frame 107 inside the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100, and the first sliding member 101 is slidable in a circumferential tangential direction of the elongated body assembly 100 (i.e., a direction circumferentially of the elongated body assembly 100, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis). Alternatively, the first sliding member 101 is slidably disposed within the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100, and the first sliding member 101 is slidable in a circumferential direction on the inner wall of the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100. To actuate the first trigger member 102 to slide to different corresponding predetermined positions, different types of loading units 200 actuate the first sliding member 101 to move to different corresponding predetermined positions during its rotation, so that the type information of the assembled loading unit 200 can be identified during its assembly and rotation.

[0075] 26 to 29, at least two first response members 104 are spaced apart on a first circuit board 103 in a tangential circumferential direction of the elongated body assembly 100, and the first sliding member 101 is formed as an L-shaped slider, the L-shaped slider including a first support arm 101-1 and a second support arm 101-2, the first support arm 101-1 being configured to cooperate with a load unit, and the second support arm 101-2 including a first trigger member 102. To move the first sliding member 101 to different corresponding predetermined positions in a tangential circumferential direction of the elongated body assembly 100, the first sliding member 101 can be actuated by various types of load units 200, and the corresponding first response member 104 is engaged with the first trigger member 102 to provide an electrical signal that can represent the type of the load unit. For example, the first electrical branch A1 is made conductive or disconnected through engagement between the first response member 104 and the first trigger member 102, and each of the first electrical branches A1 may have a different load value. Figure 27 shows a schematic structural diagram of making the first electrical branch A1 conductive through cooperation between the first response member 104 and the first trigger member 102. Figures 29a and 29b show schematic structural diagrams of disconnecting the first electrical branch A1 through cooperation between the first response member 104 and the first trigger member 102.

[0076] In this embodiment, the sliding direction of the first sliding member 101 is different from other embodiments, and the method of making and breaking the circuit is similar to the embodiment of the surgical instrument in which the first sliding member 101 slides axially, but will not be repeated here.

[0077] 27, 29a, and 29b, the first sliding member 101 is slidably disposed on a frame 107 disposed on the elongated body assembly 100, and a first biasing member 106 is disposed between the first sliding member 101 and the frame 107. The first biasing member 106 applies a force in a tangential direction in the circumferential direction of the elongated body assembly 100 and in a direction away from the first circuit board 103 on the first sliding member 101. In this way, the first sliding member 101 is biased by the action of the first biasing member 106 to slide distally from the first circuit board 103 so as to return to an initial state. During engagement of the load unit 200 with the elongate body assembly 100, the first sliding member 101 overcomes the action of the first biasing member 106 through the action of the recognition action surface 202 of the load unit 200, causing the first trigger member 102 to engage with the first response member 104.

[0078] In the surgical instrument of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 30 , a notch structure configured as a feature 201 is disposed at the proximal end of the load unit 200, and when the load unit 200 is engaged with the elongate body assembly 100, the first support arm 101-1 of the first sliding member 101 is inserted into the notch. The notch arm of the notch extends axially to form a recognition action surface 202 for cooperating with the first support arm 101-1 of the first sliding member 101. The surgical instrument of the above embodiment further includes a recognition mechanism that determines whether the load unit is properly assembled, and the load unit may be activated only after it is determined that the load unit is properly assembled. This prevents medical accidents due to incorrect assembly of the load unit.

[0079] 4, the determination mechanism for determining whether the load unit 200 is properly assembled further includes a determination unit 100b. The determination unit 100b is disposed in the elongated body assembly 100, and it is determined whether the load unit 200 is properly assembled based on the determination of the determination unit 100b in order to determine whether to proceed with further surgical operations.

[0080] In another embodiment, the determination portion 100b may be disposed in the rotation knob assembly 400 or the handle portion 300. An embodiment of the loading unit determination portion 100b will be described below. Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the loading unit determination portion 100b, which includes a second sliding member 108 and a third sliding member 109 slidably disposed within the outer shell 105 of the elongate body assembly 100, the second sliding member 108 being configured to cooperate with an engagement nub 203 of the loading unit 200, and the third sliding member 109 being configured to cooperate with a proximal end surface 204 of the loading unit 200. When the loading unit 200 is properly inserted and rotated, the second sliding member 108 slides to a different setting position, the third sliding member 109 slides to the same setting position, the second trigger member 110 is connected to the second sliding member 108, the third trigger member 111 is connected to the third sliding member 109, and the second circuit board 112 is fixedly disposed within the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100. The second circuit board 112 is provided with a second response member 113 and a third response member 114.

[0081] The second response member 113 is configured to cooperate with the second trigger member 110 to switch the second electrical branch A2 between a first state and a second state. The third response member 114 is configured to cooperate with the third trigger member 111 to switch the third electrical branch A3 between a third state and a fourth state. When the loading unit 200 is inserted into a predetermined position and rotated to a predetermined position, the second circuit board 112 outputs two signals indicating different states. The controller is configured to determine whether the loading unit 200 is properly assembled to the elongated body assembly 100 based on a feedback signal from the second circuit board 112. Specifically, the first and second states of the second electrical branch A2 refer to two circuit states having different output signals. For example, the first state may be a conductive state of the electrical branch, and the second state may be a non-conductive or disconnected state of the electrical branch. Alternatively, the first state may be the electrical branch with a load of L1 outputting a signal of V1, and the second state may be the electrical branch with a load of L2 outputting a signal of V2. Similarly, the third and fourth states of the third electrical branch A3 refer to two circuit states with different output signals and will not be repeated here.

[0082] The loading unit 200 is attached to the elongated body assembly 100 in a bayonet manner. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 22 , the engagement nub 203 of the loading unit 200 is configured as a locking protrusion disposed on the end of the loading unit 200. The locking slide groove 118 is disposed inside the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100, and the locking protrusion is received in the locking slide groove 118 to prevent the loading unit 200 from rotating.

[0083] More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 23a, the second sliding member 108 is slidably disposed on the frame 107 within the elongated body assembly 100. The locking portion 108b and the reset hole 108a are disposed at the distal end of the second sliding member 108, and the reset member 115 is disposed between the reset hole 108a and the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100. The reset member 115 may be a biasing member such as a spring, an elastic sheet, or a lead. As shown in FIG. 23b, the loading unit 200 is inserted into the elongated body assembly 100 along the X direction. The engagement nub 203 of the loading unit 200 presses the second sliding member 108 to move toward the proximal side, so that the engagement nub 203 is positioned at the corner of the locking slide groove 118. 23c, the loading unit 200 is rotated along the Y direction, and the engagement nub 203 moves toward the second sliding member 108, which is reset by the biasing force of the reset member 115. The engagement nub 203 is locked within the elongate body assembly 100 by the restriction of the second sliding member 108 and the locking portion of the locking slide groove 118.

[0084] The loading unit 200 is bayonet-mounted to the elongate body assembly 100, so that the loading unit 200 is assembled to the elongate body assembly 100 by being inserted into a predetermined position and then rotated. As a result, the loading unit 200 has a position where it is inserted into a predetermined position and a position where it is rotated at a predetermined position. When the loading unit is inserted into a predetermined position, the engagement nub 203 of the loading unit 200 presses the second sliding member 108, causing the second sliding member to move into a position where it cooperates with the second response member 113, thereby changing the state of the second electrical branch A2, for example, from a non-conducting state to a conducting state. The proximal end surface 204 of the loading unit 200 presses the third sliding member 109, causing the third sliding member to move into a position where it cooperates with the third response member 114, thereby changing the state of the third electrical branch A3, for example, from a conducting state to a non-conducting state or a loading state. At this time, the second circuit board 112 outputs a first signal, for example, the second electrical branch A2 is in a "1" state and the third electrical branch A3 is in a "0" state. When the loading unit is in a predetermined position and rotated, the engagement nub 203 of the loading unit 200 is rotated, so that the loading unit disengages from the second sliding member 108. At this time, the second sliding member 108 moves to a position where it does not cooperate with the second response member 113, so that the state of the second electrical branch A2 changes, for example, from a conducting state to a non-conducting state or a loaded state, while the axial position of the proximal end face 204 of the loading unit 200 remains unchanged during rotation, so that it maintains cooperation with the second response member 113 and the state of the third electrical branch A3 remains unchanged.

[0085] At this time, the second circuit board 112 outputs a second signal, for example, the second electrical branch A2 is in the state of "0" and the third electrical branch A3 is in the state of "0". The controller can determine whether the loading unit 200 is properly assembled based on the electrical signal output by the second circuit board 112.

[0086] Additionally, due to the second biasing member 115, when the loading unit 200 is rotated to a predetermined position, the second trigger member 110 and the second response member 113 can be reliably disengaged, and the second biasing member 115 applies a force toward the distal end to the second slide member 108. When the loading unit 200 is inserted to a predetermined position, the engagement nub 203 of the loading unit 200 abuts against the second slide member 108, and the second trigger member 110 triggers the second response member 113 to place the second electrical branch A2 in the first state. When the loading unit 200 is rotated to a predetermined position, the second slide member 108 moves to the distal end of the elongate body assembly 100 due to the action of the second biasing member 115, and the second trigger member 110 disengages from the second response member 113 to place the second electrical branch A2 in the second state.

[0087] Specifically, to distinguish between a position where the loading unit 200 is not inserted and a position where the loading unit is inserted and rotated to a predetermined position, i.e., after the loading unit 200 is released from the elongated body assembly, the loading unit determination unit can be effectively reset. In one embodiment, the third biasing member 116 is disposed between the third sliding member 109 and the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100 and biases the third sliding member 109 in the distal direction. When the loading unit 200 is in the inserted position and rotated position, the third trigger member 111 triggers the third response member 114 to switch the third electrical branch A3 to the first state. When the loading unit 200 is in the non-inserted position, the third sliding member 116 moves to the distal end of the elongate body assembly 100 due to the action of the third biasing member 109, and the third trigger member 111 disengages from the third response member 114, switching the third electrical branch A3 to the second state. In this way, when the loading unit 200 is in the non-inserted, inserted, and rotated positions, the second circuit board 112 can output different corresponding signals, allowing the controller to determine whether the loading unit is properly assembled.

[0088] The cooperation between the second trigger member 110 and the second response member 113 and the cooperation between the third trigger member 111 and the third response member 114 are not specific and will be described in the following embodiments. In one embodiment, the second response member 113 and the third response member 114 are configured as electrical switches. By switching the electrical switches to change between an on state and an off state, the second trigger member 110 changes the state of the second electrical branch A2 and the third trigger member 111 changes the state of the third electrical branch A3.

[0089] More specifically, the second response member 113 is configured as a first electrical switch. When the second trigger member 110 slides to a position where it abuts the second response member 113, the state of the first electrical switch changes (e.g., from a conducting state to a non-conducting state or a loaded state), so that the second electrical branch A2 is in a first state. When the second trigger member 110 slides to a position where it is separated from the second response member 113, the state of the first electrical switch changes (e.g., from a non-conducting state or a loaded state to a conducting state), so that the second electrical branch A2 is in a second state. When the third trigger member 111 slides to a position where it abuts the third response member 114, the state of the second electrical switch changes (e.g., from a conducting state to a non-conducting state or a loaded state), so that the third electrical branch A3 is in a third state. When the third trigger member 111 slides to a position where it disengages from the third response member 114, the state of the second electric switch changes (e.g., from a conducting state to a non-conducting or loaded state), and therefore the third electric branch A3 changes to a fourth state. More specifically, if the electric switch is configured as a depression type electric switch, when the second trigger member 110 or the third trigger member 111 slides to the depression type electric switch position, the state of the electric switch is changed by the depression, and when the second trigger member or the third trigger member is released from the depression type electric switch position, the state of the electric switch is changed again.

[0090] Alternatively, in another embodiment, the second response member 113 / third response member 114 are configured as electrical contacts, and the second trigger member 110 cooperates with the second response member 113 to form a switch for connecting or disconnecting / loading the second electrical branch A2, and the third trigger member 111 cooperates with the third response member 114 to form a switch for connecting or disconnecting / loading the second electrical branch A2. More specifically, when the second trigger member 110 slides to a position where it abuts the second response member 113, the second trigger member 110 and the electrical contacts connect the second electrical branch A2. When the second trigger member 110 slides to a position where it disengages from the second response member 113, the second electrical branch A2 is switched to a non-conducting or loaded state. When the third trigger member 111 slides to a position where it abuts the third response member 114, the third trigger member 111 and the electrical contact conduct the third electrical branch A3. When the third trigger member 111 slides to a position where it disengages from the third response member 114, the third electrical branch A3 is disconnected / switched to a non-conducting or loaded state.

[0091] The structures of the detection circuits of the load unit type recognition unit 100a and the load unit determination unit 100b are not specific. In one embodiment, a plurality of first electrical branches A1 are connected in parallel to form a load unit type recognition circuit D1, and a second electrical branch A2 and a third electrical branch A3 are connected in parallel to form a load unit with a well-assembled recognition circuit D2. The load unit type recognition circuit D1 and the load unit with a well-assembled recognition circuit D2 are set independently of each other and are electrically connected to the controller, respectively.

[0092] In order to simplify the detection circuits of the load unit type recognition unit 100a and the load unit determination unit 100b, in another embodiment, a plurality of first electrical branches A1 are connected in parallel to form a load unit type recognition circuit D1, and a second electrical branch A2 and a third electrical branch A3 are connected in series to form a load unit with a well-assembled recognition circuit D2. The load unit with a well-assembled load unit type recognition circuit D1 and a well-assembled recognition circuit D2 is connected in series to the controller to form an electrical loop. More specifically, the load unit type recognition circuit D1 further includes a first load branch A4 connected in parallel with the first electrical branch A1. In the well-assembled load unit with a well-assembled recognition circuit D2, the first and second states of the second electrical branch A2 correspond to two electrical branches with different load values, and the third and fourth states of the third electrical branch A3 correspond to connecting, disconnecting, or changing (increasing load) the electrical branch.

[0093] When the load unit 200 is in a position where it is not inserted into a predetermined position and a position where it is rotated into a predetermined position, the load unit with the load unit type recognition circuit D1 and the recognition circuit D2 properly assembled is in a conductive state, and the load values ​​in the two states are different, so the controller determines the state of the load unit 200 according to the load value of the entire circuit. When the load unit 200 is in a position where it is inserted into a predetermined position, the load unit with the load unit type recognition circuit D1 and the recognition circuit D2 properly assembled is in a non-conductive state or a loaded state.

[0094] 21a-21c show an embodiment in which a load unit-type recognition circuit D1 and a recognition circuit D2 are properly assembled and connected in series. The second electrical branch A2 has a first state load value R1, a second state load value 0, and the third electrical branch A3 has a third state conductive and a fourth state non-conductive. The load unit-type recognition circuit D1 has two first electrical branches A1 connected in parallel and one first load branch A4 with a load value R4.

[0095] 21a, when the load unit 200 is in the uninserted position, the second electrical branch A2 is in the first state, the third electrical branch A3 is in the third state, and the load unit type recognition circuit D1 is in a conductive state through the first load branch A4. Therefore, the entire electrical loop is in a conductive state, and based on the load R1 of the second electrical branch A2 and the load R4 of the first load branch A4, the output electrical signal is A1.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 21b, when the load unit 200 is in the inserted position, the second electrical branch A2 is switched to the second state and the third electrical branch A3 is switched to the fourth state, so that the entire electrical loop is non-conductive and the controller cannot receive any electrical signals.

[0097] 21c, when the load unit 200 is rotated to a predetermined position, the second electrical branch A2 is switched to the first state again, and the third electrical branch A3 is switched to the third state. In the load unit type recognition circuit D1, one first electrical branch A1 is made conductive, for example, the first electrical branch A1 having a load of R2 is made conductive, and the whole electrical loop is in a conductive state, and based on the load R1 of the second electrical branch A2, the load R2 of the first electrical branch A1, and the load R4 of the first load branch A4, the output electrical signal is A2.

[0098] FIG. 31 shows another embodiment in which the load units, consisting of the load unit type recognition circuit D1 and the recognition circuit D2, are connected in series. The second electrical branch A2 has a first load value of R1 and a second load value of 0. The third electrical branch A3 has a third load value of R10 and a fourth load value of 0. The load unit type recognition circuit D1 has two first electrical branches A1 connected in parallel and one first load branch A4 with a load value of R4. In this embodiment, the entire circuit is always conductive, and various display signals are generated by changing the load value of the corresponding circuit, achieving good display accuracy.

[0099] Specifically, when the load unit 200 is in the uninserted position, the second electrical branch A2 is in a first state, the third electrical branch A3 is in a third state, and the load unit type recognition circuit D1 is in a conductive state through the first load branch A4. Therefore, the entire electrical loop is in a conductive state, and the output electrical signal is A1' based on the load R1 of the second electrical branch A2, the load R10 of the third electrical branch A3, and the load R4 of the first load branch A4.

[0100] When the load unit 200 is in a predetermined inserted position, the second electrical branch A2 is switched to a second state, and the third electrical branch A3 is switched to a fourth state. In the load unit type recognition circuit D1, one first electrical branch A1 is connected, for example, the first electrical branch A1 having a load of R2 is connected, the whole electrical loop is in a conductive state, and the output electrical signal is A2' based on the load 0 of the second electrical branch A2, the load 0 of the third electrical branch A3, and the load RX of the first load branch A4.

[0101] When the load unit 200 is rotated to a predetermined position, the second electrical branch A2 switches to the first state, and the third electrical branch A3 switches to the third state. The load unit type recognition circuit D1 remains in a conductive state, and the output electrical signal is A3' based on the load R1 of the second electrical branch A2, the load R2 of the first electrical branch A1, and the load RX of the first load branch A4.

[0102] In the above embodiment, when the load section 200 is not inserted, a load unit with a properly assembled load unit type recognition circuit D1 and recognition circuit D2 is in a conductive state, thereby causing the surgical instrument to enter a self-check state. When the load unit 200 is properly assembled, a load unit with a properly assembled load unit type recognition circuit D1 and recognition circuit D2 is in a conductive state and has an output signal that is different from when the load unit is not inserted. The controller can determine that the load unit 200 is properly assembled and recognize the type of the load unit 200 based on the signal.

[0103] Specifically, the connection between the second slide member 108 and the second trigger member 110 is not unique. In one embodiment, the second slide member is in a protruding connection state, the second trigger member is of an insertion type, the second slide member 108 is formed as an elongated rod, an insertion hole is disposed at the proximal end of the second slide member, and an insertion rod inserted into the insertion hole is disposed on the second trigger member 110. More specifically, the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100 has an opening, and the second trigger member 110 passes through the opening. As shown in FIG. 20 , the second trigger member 110 includes a trigger body 1101, a slider 1102, an insertion rod 1103, and a trigger rod 1104. The trigger body 1101 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100, a slideway is disposed on the trigger body 1101, and the slider 1102 is slidably connected to the trigger body 1101 along the slideway and is located outside the outer shell 105 of the elongated body assembly 100. The insertion rod 1103 is connected to a distal end of the slider 1102 and configured to be connected to the second slide member 108 by insertion. The trigger rod 1104 is connected to a proximal end of the slider 1102 and configured to trigger the second response member 113. More specifically, the trigger rod 1104 is provided with a protrusion for pressing the second response member 113 during sliding.

[0104] Specifically, the connection between the third sliding member 109 and the third trigger member 111 is not unique. In one embodiment, the third sliding member 109 is formed as an elongated tube and is directly connected to the third trigger member 111 located at the proximal end of the elongated body assembly 100. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the third sliding member 109 is formed as an elongated sheet and is connected to the third trigger member 111 via an intermediate connecting member 117. More specifically, the third sliding member 109 is formed as an elongated sheet and is located at the distal end of the elongated body assembly 100. The intermediate connecting member 117 is formed as a sleeve that penetrates the hollow frame 107, and the third trigger member 111 is formed as a block and is located at the proximal end of the elongated body assembly 100. The third trigger member 111 has a protrusion that presses the third response member 114 during sliding.

[0105] Specifically, the surgical instrument further includes a display unit configured to display the type of the loading unit 200. After the controller determines the type of the loading unit 200 through the electrical signal provided by the first circuit board 103, the display unit is controlled to provide a display indicating to the user the type of surgical instrument to which the loading unit 200 is currently assembled. The display unit is also configured to display whether the loading unit 200 is properly assembled, and the controller causes the display unit to transmit a second signal indicating that the loading unit 200 is properly assembled through a feedback signal from the second circuit board 112. The specific display method and implementation structure of the display unit are not specific and may employ audio display, mechanical display, indicator light display, or text display. As a result, the indicator unit may be realized by a hardware structure such as a buzzer, a protruding / depressing indicator, a light-emitting diode, or a display screen. The display unit may also be attached to the handle portion 300 of the surgical instrument to facilitate the user's receipt of the display signal.

[0106] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly explaining the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make other different modifications or variations based on the above description. It is not necessary or possible to exhaust all the implementations of the present specification. In addition, obvious modifications or variations derived from the above embodiments still fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. a handle assembly adapted to be attached to a load unit, which may have a variety of types; the handle assembly includes a handle portion and an elongated body assembly; the elongated body assembly includes an identification portion for identifying the type of the loading unit; The recognition unit a first sliding member slidably disposed within an outer shell of the elongate body assembly, the first sliding member configured to be actuated by the loading unit during assembly of the loading unit to move into a predetermined position; a first biasing member adapted to bias the first sliding member to an initial position compatible with the load unit; a first trigger member disposed on the first slide member and adapted to be moved to the predetermined position together with the first slide member; a first circuit board disposed within the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, at least two first response members disposed on the first circuit board, each of the first response members configured to cooperate with the first trigger member to connect or disconnect a first electrical branch, each of the first electrical branches having a different load value; a controller configured to determine the type of the loading unit via a feedback signal from the first circuit board.

2. 2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein at least two first response members are spaced apart on the first circuit board in a sliding direction of the first slide member and adapted to engage with the first trigger member when the first trigger member moves to the predetermined position.

3. At least two first trigger members are spaced apart on the first sliding member in the sliding direction of the first sliding member; 10. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein at least two first response members are spaced apart on the first circuit board to engage when the first trigger member is moved to the predetermined position.

4. The surgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the first sliding member is slidably actuable by insertion or rotation of the loading unit, such that the first trigger member is engaged with the first response member at the predetermined position.

5. 2. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein the first electrical branch is conducted when the first trigger member is engaged with the first response member and the first trigger member is in surface or line contact with the first response member.

6. the first response member is configured as a conductive piece disposed on the first circuit board, the first trigger member is configured as an elastic conductive sheet, one end of the first trigger member is connected to the first sliding member, and the other end of the first trigger member abuts against the first circuit board; 6. The surgical instrument of claim 5, wherein when the first sliding member drives the elastic conductive sheet to slide into contact with the conductive piece, the first electrical branch in which the conductive piece is disposed becomes conductive.

7. 2. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein the first electrical branch is disconnected when the first trigger member is engaged with the first response member, and wherein a length of the first trigger member is configured to match the distance between adjacent first response members so that one first electrical branch is disconnected when the first trigger member is moved to the predetermined position.

8. 2. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein the first electrical branch is disconnected when the first trigger member is engaged with the first response member, and wherein a length of the first trigger member is configured to match the distance between adjacent first response members such that multiple first electrical branches are disconnected when the first trigger member is moved to the predetermined position.

9. 8. The surgical instrument of claim 7, wherein a frame is disposed within the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, a slide groove is disposed in the frame, the first circuit board is fixedly disposed at a bottom of the slide groove, the first slide member is slidably connected to the slide groove, and the first biasing member is located between the slide groove and the first slide member.

10. a feature having a recognition surface disposed proximal to the loading unit and adapted to cooperate with the recognition portion to identify the type of the loading unit; The surgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the position of the recognition surface indicates a type of the loading unit.

11. 11. The surgical instrument of claim 10, wherein the recognition surface is adapted to engage the first sliding member and slide the first sliding member longitudinally of the elongate body assembly or circumferentially of the elongate body assembly.

12. a determination unit for determining whether the load unit is properly assembled; The determination unit a second sliding member and a third sliding member, respectively slidably disposed within the outer shell of the elongate body assembly, the second sliding member configured to cooperate with an engagement nub of the loading unit, the third sliding member configured to cooperate with a proximal portion of the loading unit, and when the loading unit is properly assembled, the second sliding member is actuated to move to a set position corresponding to the type of the loading unit, and the third sliding member is actuated to move to a set position; a second trigger member connected to the second sliding member and a third trigger member connected to the third sliding member; a second circuit board fixedly disposed within the outer shell of the elongated body assembly, the second circuit board including a second response member and a third response member, the second response member configured to cooperate with the second trigger member to switch a second electrical branch between a first state and a second state, the third response member configured to cooperate with the third trigger member to switch a third electrical branch between a third state and a fourth state, and signals representing at least two states are provided by the second circuit board, the signals representing the two states respectively indicating that the loading unit is inserted into a predetermined position and rotated into a predetermined position; The surgical instrument of claim 1, comprising: a controller configured to determine whether the loading unit is properly assembled via a feedback signal from the second circuit board.

13. a second biasing member disposed between the second sliding member and the outer shell of the elongate body assembly; 13. The surgical instrument of claim 12, wherein when the loading unit is inserted into position, an engagement nub of the loading unit abuts a second sliding member and the second trigger member engages the second response member to switch the second electrical branch to the first state, and when the loading unit is rotated in position, the second sliding member is biased toward a distal portion of the elongate body assembly by action of the second biasing member and the second trigger member is disengaged from the second response member to switch the second electrical branch to the second state.

14. 13. The surgical instrument of claim 12, wherein a third biasing member is disposed between the third sliding member of the elongate body assembly and the outer shell, and when the loading unit is in a predetermined inserted position and a predetermined rotated position, the third trigger member triggers the third response member to switch the third electrical branch to the third state, and when the loading unit is in an uninserted position, the third sliding member is biased toward the distal portion of the elongate body assembly by the action of the third biasing member, and the third trigger member is disengaged from the third response member to switch the third electrical branch to the fourth state.

15. The end of the loading unit includes a first insertion section and a second insertion section connected in sequence from the distal end to the proximal end, 13. The surgical instrument of claim 12, wherein an outer diameter of the first insertion section is larger than an outer diameter of the second insertion section, the engagement nub is disposed on the first insertion section, a step formed between the first insertion section and the second insertion section is adapted to be engaged with the first sliding member, an end face of the second insertion section is adapted to be engaged with the third sliding member, and the second insertion section has a length related to the type of the loading unit.

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