Floor structure of wooden building

Abstract

To provide a floor structure of a building in which a floor beam of an upper story is exposed to a ceiling of a lower story, and a ceiling height of the lower story can be set high by suppressing a story height while securing an electric wiring path.SOLUTION: A floor material layer includes a plurality of beams arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, a first floor material layer laid in contact with upper surfaces of the plurality of beams, and a second floor material layer laid in contact with an upper surface of the first floor material layer, and columnar spaces partitioned by the first floor material layer and the second floor material layer are formed in the floor material layer at positions including directly above at least one of the plurality of beams so as to vertically penetrate the first floor material layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a floor structure of a wooden building with a lower floor as a living space. [Background technology]

[0002] In small wooden houses, an open-plan living style has been proposed, with open ceilings and fewer partitions (Non-Patent Document 1). Based on this living method, it is preferable for residential buildings to have low eaves heights and small interior space volumes, in terms of energy efficiency, etc. Lowering the floor height is an effective way to reduce eaves height (however, this is limited to buildings with two or more floors), and reducing the floor height also makes it possible to reduce the number of staircase steps, which is also preferable in terms of efficiently using floor space in small wooden houses.

[0003] In this approach to space utilization, a known method is to expose the beams on the ceiling of the lower floor to improve the interior view and ensure ceiling height while suppressing the floor height. When using this method, the beams divide the attic space, so electrical wiring routes for lights and other fixtures installed on the ceiling must be secured separately by drilling wiring holes in the beams or by using a double floor structure (Patent Document 1). However, structurally, there are restrictions on the locations where wiring holes can be drilled in the beams, and using a double floor structure has the problem of complicated construction. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-213856 [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] Wonder Device | BESS Log House (https: / / mag.bess.jp / wonderdevice / ) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The present invention was invented in consideration of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide a floor structure that is easy to construct in a wooden building with a so-called "exposed beam" appearance, in which the floor beams of the upper floors are exposed on the ceiling of the lower floor, and that allows the ceiling height of the lower floors to be set high while keeping the floor height low, while ensuring electrical wiring paths within the floor structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the floor structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a plurality of beams that are installed in parallel at predetermined intervals and have flush upper surfaces; a floor underlayment layer laid in contact with the upper surfaces of the plurality of beams; a floor finishing material layer laid in contact with the upper surface of the underfloor material layer, A columnar space is formed in the underfloor material layer at a position where the columnar space intersects with any of the plurality of beams, penetrating the underfloor material layer from top to bottom, The length of a cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams is greater than the width of the beam that intersects with the columnar space, and both ends of the cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams are formed so as to extend from both side surfaces of the beam that intersects with the columnar space in a planar view. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] The floor structure of a wooden building of the present invention is configured as described above, and uses the columnar spaces provided in the underfloor material layer as electrical wiring paths at the intersections of the electrical wiring with the beams. Using this floor structure, even if the so-called "beam exposure" technique is used, which exposes the beams to the interior space of the lower floor, there is no need to use a double-floor structure to ensure electrical wiring paths, thereby reducing construction costs. Furthermore, there is no need to drill wiring holes in the beams to ensure electrical wiring paths, so there is no need to consider the location of the wiring holes in the beams. In this way, a floor structure for a wooden building can be provided that allows the ceilings of the lower floors to be set high and the floor height to be reduced, making it cost-effective and easy to construct. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a floor structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the floor structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] 1 shows a plan of the floor structure of the first and second embodiments of the present invention (a plan is a view showing the arrangement of columns, beams, etc. from above). [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a floor plan showing the layout of the underfloor plywood 211. [Figure 5] Figure 4 shows the layout plan showing the electrical wiring route. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a floor structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, taken along line AA in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the floor structure of FIG. 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, a floor structure of a wooden building according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0011] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a floor structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and more specifically, a cross-sectional view taken from a direction perpendicular to the long side of a floor underlayment plywood 211. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the floor structure of FIG. 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floor structure of a wooden building according to the first embodiment comprises a beam 1, a flooring layer 2 constructed horizontally on the upper surface of the beam 1, a ceiling space 3 in contact with the underside of the flooring layer 2, and a ceiling material layer 4 constructed horizontally below the flooring layer 2 across the ceiling space 3. The underside of the ceiling material layer 4 is formed at a height higher than the underside of the beam 1, and the upper surface of the flooring layer 2 appears in the upper floor room F2 as the floor surface of the upper floor room F2. Parts of the side surfaces and the underside of the beam 1 and the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 appear in the lower floor room F1 as the ceiling of the lower floor room F1.

[0012] The beams 1 of the wooden building in this embodiment have a vertically long rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 1, and the height of the cross section varies depending on the distance between the columns across which the beam 1 is spanned. Note that the cross section of the beam 1 is not necessarily limited to a rectangle as long as the upper surface is horizontal, and for example, the underside may have the grain of a log exposed.

[0013] FIG. 3 is a floor plan of a floor structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention (this also applies to the second embodiment described later). The beams 1 of the wooden building in this embodiment are arranged in parallel with multiple beams spaced apart at intervals equal to the modules, and in parallel with multiple beams spaced apart perpendicularly at intervals equal to an integral multiple of the modules. A module is a basic dimension that serves as a design standard in architecture (in Japanese wooden houses, one module is generally defined as 3 shaku (approximately 910 mm), and this is also followed in this embodiment). As an example, the beams in FIG. 3 are arranged such that beams 101 to 105 are arranged parallel to the left and right of the figure, while beams 1A, 1B, and 1C, which are perpendicular to these, are arranged parallel to the depth of the figure. Beams 101 and 1C form girths that contact the exterior wall. Beams 101 to 105 are arranged from front to back at intervals equal to the modules, and beams 1A, 1B, and 1C, which are perpendicular to these, are arranged at intervals twice the modules. Beams 101, 104, and 105 are spanned between beams 1A and 1C, and the rectangular area surrounded by beams 101, 1C, 104, and 1B is an open space, with beam 1B spanned between beams 101 and 104, and beams 102 and 103 spanned between beams 1A and 1B.

[0014] As shown in Fig. 1, the flooring layer 2 of the wooden building of this example is composed of an underfloor material layer 21 (an example of a first flooring layer) laid horizontally in contact with the upper surface of the beam 1, and a floor finishing material layer 22 (an example of a second flooring layer) laid horizontally in contact with the upper surface of the underfloor material layer 21. Underfloor plywood 211 is used for the underfloor material layer 21, and solid wood flooring is used for the floor finishing material layer 22, and as shown in Fig. 2, they are laid horizontally without any gaps to form the floor of the upper floor room F2.

[0015] Figure 4 is a floor plan showing the layout of the underfloor plywood 211 in Figure 3. The underfloor plywood 211 used in the underfloor material layer 21 of the wooden building of this embodiment has a short side length that is approximately equal to the module spacing, and a ratio of long side to short side length of 2:1, as shown in Figure 4, and some are square, cut so that the long side length is the same as the short side length, and are laid out in a staggered pattern so that the vertices of the outer periphery of four adjacent underfloor plywoods 211 do not coincide. The underfloor plywood 211 is arranged in this manner on the top surface of the beam 1, so that in the example shown in Figure 4, the line connecting the midpoints of both long sides of the underfloor plywood 211 coincides with the center line of the beam 102 in the underfloor plywood 211a1, with the center line of the beam 103 in the underfloor plywood 211b2, with the center line of the beam 104 in the underfloor plywood 211c1, and with the center line of the beam 105 in the underfloor plywood 211d2 and the underfloor plywood 211d4.

[0016] The long sides of the underfloor plywood 211 used in the first embodiment are tongued as shown in Fig. 2, and the underfloor plywood 211 whose long sides are adjacent to each other are bonded to the tongues of the long sides using an adhesive. At the locations where the long sides of the underfloor plywood 211 adjacent to each other and the center line of the beam 1 coincide in plan view, nails are driven into the underfloor plywood 211 at specified intervals, ensuring a specified edge distance from each long side, and the underfloor plywood 211 is fixed to the beam 1 directly below.

[0017] The joint surfaces of the short sides are arranged so as to coincide with the center line of the beam 1 in a plan view, and are nailed at predetermined intervals with a predetermined end distance from each short side, and are fixed to the top surface of the beam 1 directly below. The underfloor plywood 211 is arranged so that the line connecting the center lines of both long sides also coincides with the center line of the beam 1 in a plan view, and is nailed at predetermined intervals in a river-shaped pattern on the line connecting the center lines of both long sides and on a line with a predetermined edge distance from both short sides, and is fixed to the beam 1 directly below. The underfloor plywood 211 laid on the top surface of the beam 1 forms the underfloor material layer 21 in this way, and is fixed to the beam 1 directly below it.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 1 , among the beams 1 of this embodiment, beams 101 to 105 are arranged at equal intervals as the modules. The side surfaces of the beams 1 are fixed with rafters 311 at a predetermined distance below the underside of the floor subfloor material layer 21. As shown in FIG. 2 , the rafters 311 are made of lightweight steel frame with a small U-shaped cross section in the illustrated embodiment, but elongated members made of materials other than lightweight steel, such as wood, may also be used. Thus, for example, in FIG. 1 , multiple rafters 312 are installed between the rafter 311 attached to the right side of beam 102 and the rafter 311 attached to the left side of beam 103, which faces the right side of beam 102. The multiple rafters 312 are installed at approximately equal intervals as shown in FIG. 2 . In the illustrated embodiment, the rafters 312 are made of lightweight steel frame with a square-shaped cross section, but elongated members made of materials other than lightweight steel, such as wood, may also be used. The ceiling underlayment material constituting the ceiling material layer 4 is laid with its upper surface in contact with the lower surface of the above-mentioned roof joist material 312, as shown in FIGS.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 2, the ceiling material layer 4 of this embodiment is constructed by laying gypsum board flush with the underside of the rough joist 312 as a ceiling underlayment material, with no gaps, and the entire underside being painted with water-based paint or covered with wallpaper or vinyl cloth (not shown). As shown in Fig. 1, the outer periphery of the ceiling material layer 4 abuts against the side of the beam 1, and the height of the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 is higher than the height of the underside of the beam 1, so the interior of the lower floor living room F1 creates a "beam-exposed" landscape with part of the side and underside of the beam 1 exposed.

[0020] In this embodiment, the height of the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 is higher than the underside of the beam 1, as shown in Figure 1, so the attic space 3 between the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4 and the underside of the floor finishing material layer 22 is divided into 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d by beams 102, 103, and 104, as shown in Figure 3, as an example, and each forms a separate space.

[0021] 1, a ceiling molding 41 is attached to the periphery of the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 with its side surface in contact with the beam 1, and is installed so that the underside of the ceiling molding 41 is higher than the underside of the beam 1. In the illustrated form, the cross section of the ceiling molding 41 is rectangular, but its shape and size can be selected arbitrarily depending on the design, and the shapes of parts other than the upper surface in contact with the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 and the side surface in contact with the side surface of the beam 1 may be arbitrary. By installing the ceiling molding 41 in this position, it conceals any gap that may occur between the beam 1 and the ceiling material layer 2.

[0022] In this embodiment, a columnar space 203 is formed in the underfloor material layer 21, penetrating the layer 21 from top to bottom, as shown in Fig. 2. The columnar space 203 in the illustrated form is a rectangle with rounded corners in a plan view, penetrating the layer 21 from top to bottom, and its height is the same as the thickness of the layer 21. The columnar space 203 is located at a position where it intersects with the beam 1 in a plan view, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The size of the columnar space 203 is such that the width of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam 1 that intersects it is slightly larger than the width of the beam 1, as shown in Fig. 1, and both ends extend at approximately equal lengths from both side surfaces of the beam 1. 2, the length of the cross section of the columnar space 203 in the longitudinal direction of the beam 1 is narrower than the spacing between the nails 213 that are driven to fasten the underfloor plywood 211 that forms the underfloor material layer 21 to the beam 1 directly below, so the nailing intervals at the points that straddle the columnar space 203 can also be set to a predetermined interval. Since the floor finishing material layer 22 is laid without gaps on the upper surface of the underfloor material layer 21 as described above, the drilled portion of the columnar space 203 in the underfloor material layer 21 is covered by the floor finishing material layer 22.

[0023] In the underfloor plyboard 211 of this embodiment, a columnar space 203 is drilled in advance at a position away from the outer edge of the underfloor plyboard 211, in a manner that intersects with a line connecting the midpoints of both long sides of the underfloor plyboard 211, before the underfloor plyboard 211 is fixed onto the upper surface of the beam 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the columnar space 203 is formed at this position in the underfloor plyboard 211, and therefore can be formed without requiring any particular reinforcement, unlike when the columnar space 203 is formed by cutting out both outer edges across the joints between adjacent underfloor plyboards 211.

[0024] Figure 5 is a floor plan showing the electrical wiring route in Figure 4. Electrical cord 5, which supplies electricity to electric lights and other devices installed on the ceiling of lower-floor living room F1, is routed in attic space 3, which is the space between the underside of underfloor material layer 21 and the upper surface of ceiling material layer 4, as shown in Figures 1 and 5. In the illustrated embodiment, this attic space 3 is divided into spaces 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d by beams 102, 103, and 104 as shown in Figure 3. In this divided attic space 3, for example, adjacent attic spaces 3b and 3c are connected via columnar spaces 203 provided in underfloor plywood 211b2, so that electrical cord 5 routed in attic space 3b can be extended to attic space 3c via columnar space 203. (Second embodiment)

[0025] Unlike the first embodiment, the floor structure of the second embodiment of the present invention is applicable to cases where so-called four-sided nailing is required for laying the underfloor plywood 211. Figure 6 is a view of the floor structure of this embodiment seen from a direction parallel to the long side of the underfloor plywood 211, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 5.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 6, the floor structure of this embodiment includes support members 212 whose upper surfaces are aligned with the upper surfaces of the beams 1 at locations where there are no beams 1 directly below the long sides of adjacent subfloor plywoods 211 whose long sides are adjacent to each other, in order to enable nailing all around the subfloor plywood 211. The subfloor plywoods 211 of this embodiment are fixed to the support members 212 by nailing one or both of their long sides at predetermined intervals. Note that although the subfloor plywood 211 in FIG. 7 has tongues on its long sides, in the floor structure of this embodiment, the subfloor plywood 211 is nailed all around to form the subfloor material layer 21. Therefore, unlike the floor structure of the first embodiment, it is not necessary to use subfloor plywood 211 with tongues on its long sides, and it is not necessary to use adhesive on the long sides of the subfloor plywood 211 to bond it to the long sides of adjacent subfloor plywood 211.

[0027] Of the beams 1 of this embodiment, the beams 101 to 105, which are arranged at equal intervals as the modules, have rafters 311 fixed to their side surfaces, as in the first embodiment. For example, in the form shown in Fig. 6, the rafters 311 are fixed to the front side surface of the beam 102. A plurality of rafters 312 are installed at approximately equal intervals between the rafters 311 fixed to the side surface of the beam 101 (not shown in Fig. 6) facing the front side surface of the beam 102, parallel to the receiving material 212 and avoiding the position of the receiving material 212. The ceiling underlayment material constituting the ceiling material layer 4 is laid in contact with the underside of the rafters 312, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

[0028] As shown in Figure 6, the outer periphery of the ceiling material layer 4 in this embodiment abuts against the side surface of the beam 1, and the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4 does not abut against the underside of the receiving material 212, leaving a gap. Since the height of the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 in this embodiment is higher than the height of the underside of the beam 1, the interior of the lower floor living room F1 creates a "beam exposed" landscape in which part of the side surface and the underside of the beam 1 are exposed.

[0029] In this embodiment, the ceiling material layer 4 has its underside higher than the underside of the beam 1 as shown in Fig. 6, and a gap is secured between the upper surface and the underside of the receiving material 212. The attic space 3 between the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4 and the underside of the floor finishing material layer 22 is partitioned by the beam 1, but not by the receiving material 212, and as an example, as shown in Fig. 3, is partitioned by beams 102, 103, and 104 into separate spaces 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d.

[0030] In this embodiment, the floor underlayment layer 21 has a columnar space 203 that penetrates the floor underlayment layer 21 vertically, as shown in Figure 6. The columnar space 203 is located at a position where it intersects with the beams 1 arranged at equal intervals as the modules in a plan view, as shown in Figure 4. The electrical cord 5 wired in the attic space 3 can be extended to the adjacent attic space 3 via the columnar space 203, as shown in Figure 6. [Industrial Applicability]

[0031] The floor structure of the wooden building of the present invention can be suitably used in small wooden houses with low floor heights of two or more stories, when it is desired to realize a high level of interior design that creates an "exposed beam" landscape and an open-plan living style. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1 beam 2. Flooring layer 203 Columnar space 21 Subfloor layer 211 Flooring plywood 212 Received material 213 Nail 22 Floor covering layer 3 Attic space 311 Noenkake 312 Rough timber 32 Wiring storage layer 4 Ceiling material layer 41 Ceiling molding 5 Electrical cords 51 Installation location of lighting fixtures, etc. 6 pillars F1 lower floor living room F2 Upper floor room

Claims

1. A plurality of beams installed in parallel at predetermined intervals; a first flooring layer laid in contact with the upper surfaces of the beams; a second flooring layer laid in contact with an upper surface of the first flooring layer; The flooring layer is characterized in that a columnar space partitioned by the first flooring layer and the second flooring layer is formed at a position including directly above at least one of the plurality of beams, penetrating the first flooring layer from top to bottom. Floor structure of wooden buildings.

2. a horizontal length of a cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams is greater than a width of the beams, and both ends of the horizontal cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams are formed to extend from both side surfaces of the beams in a plan view. The floor structure of a wooden building according to claim 1.

3. The horizontal length of a cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams is greater than the longitudinal length of the columnar space. The floor structure of a wooden building according to claim 2.

4. A ceiling material layer is formed below the first floor material layer via an attic space, The peripheral edge of the ceiling material layer is in contact with the side surface of the beam. The floor structure of a wooden building according to claim 1.

5. The first flooring layer is formed by laying underfloor plywood in a staggered pattern without gaps so that the long sides are perpendicular to the plurality of beams, The columnar space is formed at a position away from the outer periphery of the underfloor plywood. The floor structure of a wooden building according to claim 1.

6. A wooden building comprising the floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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