Method for controlling tree pests which discharge frass

Abstract

To provide a method for more surely exterminating tree insect pests.SOLUTION: This method for exterminating the tree insect pest M discharging the frass 3 comprises a process for specifying the feces discharging port 2 of the frass 3 formed on the surface 11 of the tree, a process for estimating the space 6 formed on the inner side 12 of the bark by eating the tree insect pest M formed on the inner side 12 of the bark around the feces discharging port 2 on the surface 11 of the tree, a process for providing a plurality of holes 51-55 communicating with the estimated space 6, and a process for injecting a chemical into the plurality of holes 51-55.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for controlling frass-emitting tree pests. [Background technology]

[0002] The red-necked longhorn beetle, a species of tree pest, has larvae that parasitize living trees and feed on the inside of the tree (inner bark, cambium, and xylem), causing the tree to wither and die.

[0003] The ecology of the red-necked longhorn beetle is as follows: adults lay eggs on the surface of trees, and the hatched larvae burrow into the interior of the tree. As the larvae move, they feed on the inner bark and form tunnels (called tunnels) inside the tree, as shown in Figure 1(a).

[0004] These clusters will be explained using Figure 1(b). Figure 1(b) is an image of a larva of the red-necked longhorn beetle moving while feeding near the inner bark of tree 1A and forming clusters 6A on the inside 12A of tree 1A. As shown in Figure 1(b), at least eight clusters 6A have formed on tree 1A. Normally, one larva forms one cluster 6A, so it is thought that about eight larvae have parasitized this tree 1A. When forming one cluster 6A, each larva leaves the inner bark and other parts between adjacent clusters 6A unfed. This forms a wall 13A shown in Figure 1(b), separating the one 6A formed by that larva from the adjacent cluster 6A (however, if one larva feeds on the wall 13A, the partition between it and another larva's cluster 6A disappears, and these larvae may share a single large cluster). As shown in Figure 1(b), the chamber 6A can have various shapes, such as a long, narrow tunnel-like shape, or a chamber 6Aa (see Figure 1(b)) that extends both vertically and horizontally. Such a chamber 6 is called various names such as a tunnel or a space, but in the following description it will be referred to as a chamber.

[0005] Returning to Figure 1(a), as feeding progresses, the larvae form clusters 6A (see Figure 1(a)). Meanwhile, wood chips near the inner bark that the larvae have eaten mix with the excrement they excrete to form frass 3A (see Figure 1(a)). The larvae form excrement openings 2A (see Figure 1(a)) on the surface of the tree to expel the frass 3A from the clusters. Note that some of the frass 3A is not expelled and remains inside the tree (see frass 3Aa in Figure 1(a)).

[0006] One proposed method for exterminating tree pests such as the larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle is to inject a chemical into the defecation hole from which frass emerges (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). This extermination method will be explained using Figure 1(a). First, the defecation hole 2A is identified using the frass 3A formed on the surface 11A of the tree as a landmark. The frass 3A around the defecation hole 2A is then removed, and the frass 3Aa stuck inside the defecation hole 2A is crushed and removed with an awl or similar tool. A spray-type chemical nozzle is then inserted into the defecation hole 2A, and the chemical is injected. Inside the tree 1A, the defecation hole 2A leads to the cluster 6A where the red-necked longhorn beetle larvae reside. Therefore, by injecting a chemical into the defecation hole 2A in this way, the red-necked longhorn beetle larvae can be exterminated. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0007] [Non-Patent Document 1] Published by the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, National Research and Development Agency, and written by the Red-necked Longhorn Beetle Consortium, "Control Methods for the Red-necked Longhorn Beetle," published March 31, 2022, pp. 13-14 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] However, it takes a lot of force to crush and remove the frass 3Aa stuck inside the defecation outlet 2A (see Figure 1(a)) using an awl or similar tool. Furthermore, it is not possible to remove all of the frass 3Aa stuck inside the defecation outlet 2A, and some of it may remain inside the chamber 6A (see Figure 1(a)). Therefore, even if a chemical agent is injected through the defecation outlet 2A (see Figure 1(a)), it may be blocked by the remaining frass 3Aa (see Figure 1(a)), preventing the chemical agent from reaching the larvae sufficiently, resulting in failure to eradicate them.

[0009] As described above, conventional methods for exterminating larvae require a lot of effort, and there is a problem in that the larvae cannot be exterminated reliably.

[0010] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for exterminating tree pests more easily and reliably. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following means: Note that the parentheses indicate reference symbols of embodiments to be described later, but the present invention is not limited to these.

[0012] The method for exterminating tree pests (larvae M) according to claim 1 comprises: A method for exterminating tree pests (larvae M) that excrete frass (3), comprising: Identifying the excretion openings (2) of the frass (3) formed on the surface (11) of the tree; a step of estimating a space (cluster 6) formed inside (12) of a tree due to feeding damage by the tree pest (larvae M) around the excretion opening (2) on the surface (11) of the tree; a step of providing a plurality of holes (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) communicating with the estimated space (chamber 6); injecting a drug into the plurality of holes (51, 52, 53, 54, 55); The present invention is characterized by comprising:

[0013] The method for exterminating tree pests (larvae M) according to claim 2 is the method for exterminating tree pests (larvae M) according to claim 1, wherein the holes (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) are formed to have a size of 2 to 5 mm.

[0014] The method for exterminating tree pests (larvae M) according to claim 3 comprises: The tree pest (larva M) is characterized by being a red-necked longhorn beetle. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] Next, the effects of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the reference symbols in parentheses are those of the embodiments described below, but the present invention is not limited to these.

[0016] According to the invention of claim 1, the work is easier because it is not necessary to use force to crush and remove the frass (3) stuck inside the fecal outlet (2) with an awl or the like. In addition, since the chemical agent is injected through multiple holes that communicate with the area assumed to be the space (chamber 6), there is a high possibility that the chemical agent will reach the larvae sufficiently.

[0017] Therefore, according to the present invention, tree pests (larvae M) can be exterminated more easily and more reliably.

[0018] According to the invention of claim 2, the chemical agent injected through the holes (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) provided on the surface (11) of the tree can be efficiently filled into the inside (12) of the tree.

[0019] According to the invention of claim 3, it is possible to exterminate the red-necked longhorn beetle, which is causing increasing damage. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] (a) is an explanatory diagram illustrating a conventional method for exterminating the larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle, and (b) is a photograph showing the tufts that form inside the tree. [Figure 2]1 is a diagram illustrating a method for exterminating the larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle as one embodiment of the method for exterminating tree pests that excrete frass according to the present invention; (a) is a diagram showing the fecal outlet formed on the surface of the tree and the holes for injecting chemicals around the fecal outlet; (b) is a diagram showing the tufts formed inside the tree; and (c) is a cross-sectional view illustrating a method for creating the holes for injecting chemicals. [Figure 3] Photographs showing an example of implementing the method for exterminating larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle according to this embodiment, where (a) is a photograph showing frass being excreted from a tree infested with red-necked longhorn beetle larvae, and (b) is a photograph showing the results of implementing the method for exterminating larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle according to this embodiment on the tree in (a). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] Hereinafter, a method for exterminating larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle, which is an embodiment of the method for exterminating tree pests that excrete frass according to the present invention, will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, when directions such as up, down, left, and right are indicated, they refer to up, down, left, and right when viewed from the front of the illustration.

[0022] <Inside of the tree> First, the inside 12 of the tree 1 (see FIG. 2(a)) will be described using FIG. 2(b). The inside 12 of the tree has been damaged by feeding damage from the larvae M of the red-necked longhorn beetle, forming clusters 6. Note that these clusters 6 extend vertically and horizontally, but the tree 1 also has multiple tunnel-like clusters 6a. Furthermore, between these clusters 6, 6a, walls 13 are formed by the inner bark that remains unfed, separating the clusters 6, 6a from one another. As shown in FIG. 2(b), frass 3, which is made up of wood chips and insect droppings, remains in the cluster 6 without being expelled from the excretion opening 2. Note that, as shown in FIG. 2(b), the larvae M are present in the upper part of the cluster 6.

[0023] <Steps for eliminating red-necked longhorn beetle larvae> Next, we will explain the method for exterminating larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle according to this embodiment.

[0024] First, identify the frass excretion opening 2 formed on the tree surface 11. More specifically, as shown in Figure 2(a), find the location on the tree surface 11 where the frass 3 is being excreted. By removing the frass 3 from the tree surface 11, the location of the excretion opening 2 (see Figure 2(a)) can be identified.

[0025] It should be noted that the larvae M (see Figure 2(b)) may form defecation openings 2 in multiple locations as they move inside the tree 12. In this case, the larvae M are likely to be located around a newer defecation opening 2. Therefore, it is preferable to identify the newer defecation opening 2 based on clues such as the condition of the excreted frass 3 (see Figure 2(a)) and the size of the defecation opening 2 (see Figure 2(a)).

[0026] Next, the clusters 6 (see FIG. 2(b)) formed on the inside 12 of the tree are searched for and estimated around the defecation opening 2 (see FIG. 2(a)) on the surface 11 of the tree.

[0027] Any method of searching may be used, but the following method may be mentioned as an example. First, the larvae M have the habit of forming a chamber 6 above the defecation opening 2 (see Figure 2(a)) so that they can expel frass from the defecation opening 2 (see Figure 2(a)) using gravity. Therefore, it is sufficient to search for the chamber 6 (see Figure 2(b)) above the defecation opening 2 (see Figure 2(a)).

[0028] Another method for searching is to use tool T shown in FIG. 2(c) (tool T can be any tool capable of drilling a hole, and can be a drill as shown in the figure). More specifically, an attempt is made to drill a hole at position 7 (see FIG. 2(c)) on the surface 11 of the tree using tool T (see FIG. 2(c)). When the tip of tool T (see FIG. 2(c)) comes into contact with wall 13 (see FIG. 2(c)) formed by the inner bark or the like, or with the inner bark or the like (not shown) that has not yet been damaged, a hard feeling is felt through tool T. This feeling allows the user to understand that position 7 (see FIG. 2(c)) does not correspond to the cluster 6 (see FIG. 2(c)). Then, relying on this feeling, tool T is inserted until it hits a location that does not feel hard, i.e., a soft location, and it can be determined that this is the cluster 6 (see FIG. 2(c)) or the frass 3 (see FIG. 2(c)) within the cluster 6. This allows the search for the chamber 6 (see FIG. 2(b)) shown in FIG. 2(b).

[0029] Once the location corresponding to the cluster 6 (see FIG. 2(b)) can be estimated on the tree surface 11 (see FIG. 2(a)) as described above, holes 51-55 (see FIG. 2(a)) for injecting the chemical are drilled at that location. Any method can be used to drill the holes. For example, as shown in FIG. 2(c), a tool T is inserted into the location on the tree surface 11 corresponding to the estimated cluster 6, and a hole 52 (see FIG. 2(a)) communicating with the cluster 6 is drilled. In this way, multiple holes 51-55 (see FIG. 2(a)) can be drilled on the tree surface 11. Note that the hole positions 51a-55a shown in FIG. 2(b) correspond to the positions of the holes 51-55 (see FIG. 2(a)) drilled on the tree surface 11. Furthermore, the fecal outlet position 2a shown in FIG. 2(b) corresponds to the fecal outlet 2 (see FIG. 2(a)) on the tree surface 11.

[0030] Next, the chemical agent is injected into the holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)) made in the surface 11 of the tree. More specifically, the thin tip of an instrument such as a syringe is inserted into the holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)). The chemical agent is then injected into the inside 12 of the tree (see FIG. 2(b)). Because the holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)) are connected to the bunches 6 (see FIG. 2(b)), the injected chemical agent fills the bunches 6 (see FIG. 2(b)).

[0031] As shown in Figure 2(b), the larvae M are located at the top of the chamber 6, separated from the defecation opening 2 by frass 3, but the larvae M can be exterminated by injecting the drug through the hole 51 shown in Figure 2(a) (see the hole position 51a shown in Figure 2(b)).

[0032] The size of the holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)) is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that they are formed to a size of 2 to 5 mm. If they are smaller than 2 mm, there is a possibility that the medicine to be injected will not fill the chamber 6 (see FIG. 2(b)), and if they are larger than 5 mm, there is a possibility that the medicine injected through the holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)) will leak from the chamber 6 (see FIG. 2(b)) side through the holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)). Therefore, forming the holes to a size of 2 to 5 mm allows the medicine to fill the chamber 6 efficiently, so it is preferable to form them to a size of 2 to 5 mm.

[0033] Furthermore, the number of holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)) is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to have two to five. If there is one hole, the number is the same as the number of fecal outlets 2, so there is a possibility that the likelihood of the medicine reaching the insects sufficiently is not much different from conventional methods. On the other hand, since the holes 51 to 55 (see FIG. 2(a)) are connected to one chamber 6, if there are more than five holes, there is a higher possibility that the injected medicine will leak out. Therefore, it is preferable to have two to five holes, as this allows the chamber 6 to be filled with the medicine efficiently.

[0034] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(b), the frass 3 blocks the fecal outlet 2 (see Figure 2(a)) (see position 2a of the fecal outlet in Figure 2(b)). However, unlike conventional extermination methods, there is no need to crush the frass 3 with an awl or similar and then remove it. In fact, if it is left as it is, the chemical agent injected through the hole 55 (see Figure 2(a)) close to the fecal outlet 2 (see Figure 2(a)) will not leak out of the fecal outlet 2. This allows the chemical agent to be efficiently filled into the chamber 6.

[0035] <Results of the method for exterminating the red-necked longhorn beetle> Next, an example of the method for exterminating larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle according to this embodiment is shown in photographs. As shown in Fig. 3(a), frass 3B was discharged onto a surface 11B of a tree 1B.

[0036] Therefore, this frass 3B was removed, and the position of the fecal outlet 2B (see Figure 3(b)) was identified. Next, the inner clusters of the tree (not shown) were estimated on the surface 11B of the tree, and multiple holes 5B (see Figure 3(b)) were created. Then, a chemical was injected using a syringe, and the multiple holes 5B and fecal outlet 2B (see Figure 3(b)) were marked with white spray paint to indicate that treatment had been performed.

[0037] The photograph shown in Figure 3(b) was taken one week after the above procedure. As shown in Figure 3(b), the excretion of frass 3B (see Figure 3(a)), which was observed before the treatment, was completely absent one week later. Therefore, it was determined that the larvae M (not shown) that had been parasitizing tree 1B and excreting frass 3B (see Figure 3(a)) had been eradicated.

[0038] According to the present embodiment described above, when exterminating larvae M (see FIG. 2(b)), the work is simplified because it is not necessary to perform forceful work such as crushing and expelling the frass 3 (see FIG. 2(b)) that has become clogged inside the fecal outlet 2 with an awl or the like. Furthermore, since the chemical agent is injected through multiple holes 51 to 55, there is a high possibility that the chemical agent will reach the larvae sufficiently.

[0039] As described above, according to this embodiment, the larvae M of the red-necked longhorn beetle can be exterminated more easily and more reliably.

[0040] <Description of Modifications> It should be noted that the method for exterminating larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle shown in this embodiment is merely an example, and various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention as set forth in the claims. For example, although this embodiment exterminates larvae of the red-necked longhorn beetle, the method can be applied to any pest insect that excretes frass.

[0041] Furthermore, although the present embodiment has shown a method for exterminating one larva, as mentioned above, multiple larvae may be parasitic on one tree. In such a case, the extermination method according to the present embodiment can be used for each of the multiple fecal outlets to exterminate the multiple larvae. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] M Larva (tree pest) 1. Trees 11 Tree Surface 12 Inside the Tree 2. Defecation opening 3 Fras 51~55 holes 6 chambers (space)

Claims

1. A method for exterminating tree pests that emit frass, comprising: Identifying frass outlets formed on the surface of the tree; a step of estimating a space formed inside the tree due to feeding damage by the tree pest around the defecation opening on the surface of the tree; providing a plurality of holes communicating with the estimated space; injecting a drug into the plurality of holes; A method for controlling frass-emitting tree pests, comprising:

2. The method for exterminating tree pests that discharge frass according to claim 1, wherein the holes are formed to a size of 2 to 5 mm.

3. A method for exterminating tree pests that excrete frass, wherein the tree pest is a red-necked longhorn beetle.

Images