Information processing device, information processing method, and information processing program

Abstract

The present invention provides an information processing device, an information processing method, and an information processing program that can display the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies in different units of measurement depending on the timing of the display. [Solution] The information processing device comprises: an acquisition unit that acquires the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies; a conversion unit that converts the quantity of disaster relief supplies acquired by the acquisition unit into a unit corresponding to the item of disaster relief supplies; and a display control unit that displays the quantity of disaster relief supplies in the unit converted by the conversion unit at a predetermined timing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The disclosed technology relates to an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and an information processing program.

Background Art

[0002] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a disaster support system that centrally manages disaster support materials from management to transportation. This disaster support system includes a storage unit that stores residence-related information including the population for each region, the names and quantities of various disaster support materials, and the transportation means according to the transportation quantity of the disaster support materials, an input unit into which instructions are input by a user's operation, a control unit that determines the names and quantities of the disaster support materials to be prepared and the transportation means, and an output unit that outputs various information according to the instructions of the control unit. When the name of the disaster-affected area is input in the input unit, the control unit substitutes the values of each item of the residence-related information corresponding to the area name into a predetermined formula to determine the names and quantities of various disaster support materials to be prepared, and determines the transportation means from the names and quantities of various disaster support materials to be prepared.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] By the way, as in Patent Document 1, the names and quantities of the disaster support materials to be prepared have been output. At this time, there may be a case where the quantity of disaster prevention stockpiles stored is to be displayed in different quantity units according to the timing of display. However, with the technology described in Patent Document 1, the quantity of disaster prevention stockpiles cannot be displayed in different quantity units according to the situation.

[0005] The disclosed technology aims to provide an information processing device, an information processing method, and an information processing program that can display the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies in different units of measurement depending on the timing of the display. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The information processing device in the first embodiment includes an acquisition unit that acquires the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies, a conversion unit that converts the quantity of disaster relief supplies acquired by the acquisition unit into a unit quantity corresponding to the item of disaster relief supplies, and a display control unit that displays the quantity of disaster relief supplies in the unit quantity converted by the conversion unit at a predetermined timing.

[0007] In the second embodiment of the information processing device, the conversion unit converts the quantity of the disaster relief supplies to a first quantity represented by the number of disaster relief supplies at a predetermined first timing, and converts the quantity of the disaster relief supplies to a second quantity represented by the content volume of the disaster relief supplies at a predetermined second timing.

[0008] The third embodiment of the information processing device further comprises, in the second embodiment of the information processing device, a setting unit that sets a target value for the quantity of disaster relief supplies to be stored in a predetermined storage location, based on information about anticipated evacuees, using the second quantity; and a notification unit that provides notification when the difference between the target value of the disaster relief supplies set by the setting unit and the second quantity converted by the conversion unit from the quantity of disaster relief supplies acquired by the acquisition unit exceeds a predetermined amount.

[0009] The fourth embodiment of the information processing device is an information processing device in the third embodiment in which the notification unit proposes to stockpile additional disaster relief supplies if the second quantity exceeds the predetermined amount relative to the target value but is insufficient within a range of a specific amount or less.

[0010] The fifth embodiment of the information processing device is an information processing device in the fourth embodiment in which, if the second quantity falls short of the target value by a specific quantity, the notification unit displays an order button for ordering the insufficient disaster relief supplies.

[0011] The sixth embodiment of the information processing apparatus is an information processing apparatus in the first embodiment, wherein the conversion unit converts the quantity of the disaster relief supplies into a quantity corresponding to each of the multiple items when the disaster relief supplies consist of multiple items.

[0012] The seventh embodiment of the information processing apparatus is an information processing apparatus in the first embodiment, wherein the conversion unit converts the quantity of disaster relief supplies at a predetermined third timing to a third quantity that represents the quantity of disaster relief supplies that can be supplied, calculated based on the quantity required in the event of a disaster. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

[0013] The information processing method of the eighth embodiment involves a computer performing the following processes: acquiring the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies; converting the acquired quantity of disaster relief supplies into a unit quantity corresponding to the item of disaster relief supplies; and displaying the quantity of disaster relief supplies in the converted unit quantity at a predetermined timing.

[0014] The information processing program of the ninth embodiment causes a computer to perform the following processes: acquire the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies, convert the acquired quantity of disaster relief supplies into a unit quantity corresponding to the item of disaster relief supplies, and display the quantity of disaster relief supplies in the converted unit quantity at a predetermined timing. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the disclosed technology, the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies can be displayed in different units of measurement depending on when the information is displayed. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0016] [Figure 1] This is a diagram illustrating the schematic configuration of the management system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a center server and a client terminal according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the ROM of the client terminal according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] It is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the storage of the center server according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of a disaster prevention stock database according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of a unit conversion database according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] It is a diagram schematically showing an example of the functional configuration of the client terminal according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] It is a diagram schematically showing an example of a display screen according to the first embodiment. [Figure 9] It is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of quantity display processing according to the first embodiment. [Figure 10] It is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of target value setting processing according to the first embodiment. [Figure 11] It is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of notification processing according to the first embodiment. [Figure 12] It is a diagram showing an overview of a number-of-days conversion table for converting the quantity of disaster prevention stocks in the number-of-units unit of this embodiment into the quantity in the number-of-days unit. [Figure 13] It is a diagram schematically showing an example of a display screen according to the second embodiment. [Figure 14] It is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of quantity display processing according to the second embodiment.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] The management system 10 according to this embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or equivalent components are given the same reference numerals. Also, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for illustrative purposes and may differ from the actual ratios. Furthermore, this disclosure is not limited in any way to the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the purpose of this disclosure.

[0018] [First Embodiment] (Management System 10) Figure 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the management system 10 according to the first embodiment.

[0019] As shown in Figure 1, the management system 10 of this embodiment is configured with a center server 100 and client terminals 200A, 200B, and 200C. In the following, unless a specific terminal is being referred to, one client terminal will be referred to as client terminal 200. The center server 100 and the client terminals 200 are connected via network N. Network N1 can be, for example, the Internet, a LAN (Local Area Network), or a WAN (Wide Area Network). Although multiple client terminals 200 are shown in Figure 1, at least one client terminal 200 is sufficient. Client terminal 200 is an example of an "information processing device".

[0020] The central server 100 is a server that manages information about disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by designated organizations, for each designated organization. The central server 100 manages information such as the items, quantities, and expiration dates of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by designated organizations that are needed in the event of a disaster. Items are categorized into broad categories such as food, water, and clothing, subcategories of food such as hardtack, rice, and instant noodles, and specific product names. The central server 100 also manages information about evacuees who are expected to use the disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by designated organizations (for example, the expected number of evacuees, attributes such as the age and gender of the expected evacuees, allergy rates, etc.).

[0021] The specified organizations include neighborhood associations, town associations, apartment building management organizations, accommodation facility management organizations, security companies, insurance companies, building management companies, commercial facility management companies, and disaster prevention-related companies. Hereinafter, the specified organizations in this embodiment will be explained using "Neighborhood Association A" organized in Town A as an example. Furthermore, it will be explained assuming that the number of evacuees expected at the evacuation sites managed by Neighborhood Association A is 100. Evacuation sites managed by Neighborhood Association A include, for example, elementary and junior high schools, high schools, local community centers, and community halls. Evacuation sites are an example of "storage locations."

[0022] Disaster preparedness supplies needed during a disaster include food (including agricultural products), minerals, clothing and bedding (textile products), paper and wooden furniture, chemical products, petroleum and coal products, plastics, rubber and leather products, glass and cement (ceramics and stone products), iron and steel, non-ferrous metals and metal products, various machinery (including machine parts) and electronic components, and other manufactured goods. Specific examples of each of the above items are included in the reference document (https: / / www.soumu.go.jp / main_content / 000512858.pdf).

[0023] Disasters include natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, landslides, heavy snow, volcanic eruptions, tornadoes, wildfires, hail, heat waves, droughts, and infectious diseases, as well as man-made disasters such as factory fires and explosions, building collapses, train derailments, hazardous material spills, nuclear power plant accidents, wars, arson, large-scale blackouts, stampedes, terrorism, and riots.

[0024] The client terminal 200 is an information processing device installed in the management department of a designated organization. The client terminal 200 displays the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies managed by the designated organization, converting the display unit depending on the display timing. The display units in this embodiment include purchase units, which indicate the quantity unit at the time of purchase; unit counts, which are the aggregation units during inventory; and unit content, which indicates the content volume. Purchase units are, for example, units expressed as "box," "bag," or "piece." Unit counts are units expressed as "can," "bag," "sheet," "book," or "piece." Unit content is expressed as "kg," "L," or "time." In this embodiment, client terminal 200A is a device installed in the management department of neighborhood association A, and displays the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by neighborhood association A. The client terminal 200 also notifies a warning if the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by the designated organization exceeds or falls short of the target value of disaster preparedness supplies set based on information on the expected number of evacuees.

[0025] (Hardware configuration) Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the center server 100 and client terminal 200 according to the first embodiment. The center server 100 and client terminal 200 may be, for example, a server computer, a general-purpose computer device such as a PC (Personal Computer), or a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or tablet terminal. In this embodiment, the center server 100 will be referred to as a "server computer" and the client terminal 200 as a "PC". Since the center server 100 and client terminal 200 basically have a general computer configuration, the client terminal 200 will be described as representative.

[0026] The client terminal 200 consists of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 210, ROM (Read Only Memory) 220, RAM (Random Access Memory) 230, storage 240, communication interface 250, and input / output interface 260. Each component is connected to the others via a bus 270 so that they can communicate with each other.

[0027] The CPU 210 is the central processing unit, which executes various programs and controls various parts. The ROM 220 stores various programs and data. The RAM 230 temporarily stores programs or data as a working area. The storage 240 consists of an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), etc., and stores various programs and data. In other words, the CPU 210 reads a program from the ROM 220 or storage 240 and executes the program using the RAM 230 as a working area.

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the ROM 220 of the client terminal 200 according to the first embodiment.

[0029] ROM 220 stores the information processing program 221. The information processing program 221 in this embodiment is a program that executes various processes (see Figures 9, 10, 11, and 14) described later. When the information processing program 221 is executed, the client terminal 200 uses various hardware resources (see Figure 2) to execute processes based on the information processing program 221. The information processing program 221 may also be stored in storage 240.

[0030] The communication interface 250 in Figure 2 is an interface for communicating with other devices. For this communication, a wired communication standard such as Ethernet® or FDDI, or a wireless communication standard such as 4G, 5G, or Wi-Fi® may be used.

[0031] The I / F260 is an interface for connecting to input / output devices and is used for inputting and outputting various types of information. The client terminal 200 connects to a display and input devices (not shown) via the I / F260.

[0032] Furthermore, the functions of the CPU 110, ROM 120, RAM 130, storage 140, communication I / F 150, input / output I / F 160, and bus 170 of the center server 100 are the same as those of the CPU 210, ROM 220, RAM 230, storage 240, communication I / F 250, input / output I / F 260, and bus 270 of the client terminal 200 described above.

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the storage 140 of the center server 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0034] Storage 140 stores the disaster preparedness supplies database 141, the unit conversion database 142, and the evacuee information database 143.

[0035] The disaster preparedness supplies database 141 is a database that stores the items, quantities, and expiration dates of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by a designated organization. In this embodiment, the disaster preparedness supplies database 141 stores the purchase unit quantity for each item of disaster preparedness supplies. The disaster preparedness supplies database 141 also stores target values ​​for each item of disaster preparedness supplies, as described later.

[0036] Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the disaster preparedness supplies database 141 according to the first embodiment. As shown in Figure 5, the disaster preparedness supplies database 141 of this embodiment stores the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies that is purchased. For example, the disaster preparedness supplies database 141 stores that the quantity of hardtack stored at the evacuation center managed by Neighborhood Association A is "40 boxes". Similarly, it stores that there are "20 bags" of 10kg rice, "8 boxes" of blankets, "100 boxes" of 2L water, and "120" disaster preparedness backpacks.

[0037] The unit conversion database 142 stores conversion tables for converting the units of quantity of disaster preparedness supplies. The unit conversion database 142 in this embodiment includes a quantity conversion table (see Figure 6(A)) for converting the quantity of purchase units into quantity in unit units, and a content volume conversion table (see Figure 6(B)) for converting the quantity in unit units into quantity in content volume units. The quantity in unit units is an example of the "first quantity". The quantity in content volume units is an example of the "second quantity".

[0038] Furthermore, the unit conversion database 142 stores a conversion table for converting disaster preparedness supplies, which consist of multiple items, into quantities for each of those items. The unit conversion database 142 in this embodiment includes a disaster preparedness backpack conversion table (see Figure 6(C)) that stores the quantities of each item of the multiple disaster preparedness supplies contained in the disaster preparedness backpack in terms of quantity in units of individual items and quantity in units of content volume. Note that the disaster preparedness supplies consisting of multiple items stored in the unit conversion database 142 are not limited to disaster preparedness backpacks, but may also include disaster preparedness kits, first-aid kits, toolboxes, etc.

[0039] Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the unit conversion database 142 according to the first embodiment.

[0040] Figure 6(A) is a schematic diagram of a quantity conversion table for converting the quantity of a purchase unit of disaster preparedness supplies in this embodiment into a quantity of individual units. As shown in Figure 6(A), the quantity conversion table in this embodiment stores the number of items contained in each purchase unit. For example, the quantity conversion table stores that the number of items in "1 box," which is the purchase unit of hardtack, is "24 cans." Also, in the quantity conversion table, the number of purchase units and the number of items in each unit may be the same. For example, the quantity conversion table stores that the number of items in "1 bag," which is the purchase unit of 10 kg of rice, is "1 bag." Similarly, the number of items in "1 box" of blankets is "10," the number of items in "1 box" of 2L water is "9 bottles," and the number of items in "1 disaster preparedness backpack" is "1."

[0041] Figure 6(B) is a schematic diagram of a content volume conversion table for converting the quantity in units of disaster preparedness supplies in this embodiment to the quantity in units of content volume. As shown in Figure 6(B), the content volume conversion table in this embodiment stores the content volume contained in each unit of each item. For example, the content volume conversion table stores that the content volume of "1 can," which is the unit of hardtack, is "0.1 kg." Also, in the content volume conversion table, the quantity in units of units and the quantity in units of content volume may be the same. For example, the content volume conversion table stores that the content volume of "1 blanket," which is the unit of blanket, is "1 blanket." Similarly, the content volume of "1 bag" of 10 kg rice is "10 kg," the content volume of "1 bottle" of 2 L water is "2 L," and the content volume of "1 set" of portable toilet is "20 uses."

[0042] Figure 6(C) is a schematic diagram of a disaster preparedness backpack conversion table for converting the quantities of multiple disaster preparedness supplies included in the disaster preparedness backpack of this embodiment into quantities for each item. As shown in Figure 6(C), the disaster preparedness backpack conversion table of this embodiment stores the quantity in units of individual items and the quantity in units of content volume for each of the multiple disaster preparedness supplies included in the disaster preparedness backpack. For example, the disaster preparedness backpack conversion table stores that the number of hardtack biscuits included in the disaster preparedness backpack is "3 cans" and the total content volume is "0.3 kg". Similarly, it stores that the number of 1L water bottles is "2 bottles" and the total content volume is "2L", and that the number of portable toilets is "1 set" and the total content volume is "20 uses".

[0043] The Evacuee Information Database 143 is a database that stores information about evacuees who are expected to use disaster relief supplies stockpiled by designated organizations. Information about evacuees includes, for example, the expected number of evacuees, attributes such as the age and gender of the expected evacuees, the percentage of expected evacuees with allergies, and information about evacuation locations.

[0044] (Functional Configuration) Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a client terminal 200 according to the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the client terminal 200 functions as an acquisition unit 211, a conversion unit 212, a display control unit 213, a setting unit 214, and a notification unit 215 by the CPU 210 executing an information processing program 221.

[0045] The acquisition unit 211 has the function of acquiring the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies. In this embodiment, the acquisition unit 211 acquires the purchase unit quantity for each item of disaster relief supplies stockpiled by a predetermined organization from the disaster relief supplies database 141 of the central server 100.

[0046] The conversion unit 212 has the function of converting the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies into quantities in different units. In this embodiment, the conversion unit 212 converts the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies acquired by the acquisition unit 211 into quantities in units of individual items or quantities in units of content volume for each item by referring to the unit conversion database 142 of the central server 100.

[0047] In this embodiment, the conversion unit 212 converts the units of quantity of disaster relief supplies stockpiled by a designated organization by calculating the quantity in units of individual items and the quantity in units of content volume. Specifically, the conversion unit 212 calculates the quantity in units of individual items by multiplying the quantity in the purchase unit from the disaster relief supply database 141 (see Figure 5) by the number of cans in the unit conversion table (see Figure 6(A)). Taking the case of neighborhood association A as an example, the conversion unit 212 calculates that the quantity in units of individual items is "960 cans" by multiplying the purchase unit quantity of hardtack, "40 boxes," by the number of cans in the cans. The conversion unit 212 also calculates the quantity in units of content volume by multiplying the calculated quantity in units of individual items by the content volume in the content volume conversion table (see Figure 6(B)). Taking the case of Neighborhood Association A as an example, the conversion unit 212 calculates that the quantity in units of content is "96 kg" by multiplying the quantity of hardtack units, "960 cans," by the content weight, "0.1 kg." Alternatively, the conversion unit 212 may calculate the quantity in units of content by multiplying the quantity of purchase units by the quantity of content units corresponding to those purchase units.

[0048] Furthermore, the conversion unit 212 has the function of converting the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies, which consist of multiple items, into the quantity of each individual item. In this embodiment, the conversion unit 212 converts the quantity of a disaster preparedness backpack as a purchase unit by referring to the unit conversion database 142 of the central server 100 into the quantity of each individual disaster preparedness supply item included in the disaster preparedness backpack, either in units of individual units or units of content volume.

[0049] In this embodiment, the conversion unit 212 converts quantities by calculating the quantity in units of individual items and the quantity in units of content volume for multiple disaster relief supplies included in the disaster relief backpack. Specifically, the conversion unit 212 calculates the quantity in units of individual items by multiplying the quantity of the purchase unit for the disaster relief backpack in the disaster relief supplies database 141 (see Figure 5) by the quantity for each item in the disaster relief backpack conversion table (see Figure 6(C)). Taking the case of Neighborhood Association A as an example, the conversion unit 212 calculates the quantity in units of individual hardtack included in the disaster relief backpack as "360 cans" by multiplying the purchase unit quantity for the disaster relief backpack, "120 units," by the quantity of "3 cans." The conversion unit 212 also calculates the quantity in units of content volume by multiplying the quantity of the purchase unit for the disaster relief backpack by the content volume for each item in the disaster relief backpack conversion table. Taking the case of Neighborhood Association A as an example, the conversion unit 212 calculates the quantity of hardtack contained in the disaster prevention backpack as "36 kg" by multiplying the purchase unit quantity of the disaster prevention backpack, "120 units," by the quantity of contents, "0.3 kg." Alternatively, the conversion unit 212 may calculate this by multiplying the quantity of the disaster prevention backpack by the quantity of each item in the disaster prevention backpack conversion table.

[0050] The display control unit 213 has a function to display the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies in different units of quantity at different timings. Specifically, the display control unit 213 displays the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies converted by the conversion unit 212 in different units of quantity for each display timing. In this embodiment, when the start of inventory is selected from the management screen for managing the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies, the display control unit 213 displays the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by a predetermined organization in units of quantity. Also, when the start of setting target values ​​is selected from the management screen for managing the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies, the display control unit 213 displays the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by a predetermined organization in units of volume. When the start of inventory is selected, this is an example of the "first timing". When the start of setting target values ​​is selected, this is an example of the "second timing". Note that the display control unit 213 may also display the quantity of stockpiled disaster preparedness supplies in units of volume when aggregating the quantities.

[0051] Furthermore, the display control unit 213 has the function of totaling and displaying the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies by item. Specifically, the display control unit 213 totals and displays the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies converted by the conversion unit 212 in units of individual items or units of net weight. Taking the case of neighborhood association A as an example, the display control unit 213 adds the net weight quantity of hardtack "96 kg" and the net weight quantity of hardtack included in the disaster preparedness backpack "36 kg", and displays that the net weight quantity of hardtack is "132 kg".

[0052] The setting unit 214 has the function of setting target values ​​for the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies. In this embodiment, the setting unit 214 refers to the evacuee information database 143 of the central server 100 and sets the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies that a designated organization should stockpile, in units of net volume for each item. The setting unit 214 may also set the target value in units of purchase or units of quantity.

[0053] In this embodiment, the setting unit 214 sets the target value as the quantity needed for three days in the event of a disaster, based on the assumed number of evacuees. For example, the setting unit 214 sets the target value based on three meals a day, with 0.1 kg (one can) of hardtack being one meal. Taking the case of neighborhood association A as an example, the setting unit 214 calculates that 30 kg (= 0.1 [kg] × 3 [meals] × 100 [people]) of hardtack is needed per day for an assumed number of 100 evacuees. The setting unit 214 then sets the target value for hardtack to 90 kg (= 30 [kg] × 3 [days]), which is needed for three days. The setting unit 214 may also set the target value to a quantity that is the same as the assumed number of evacuees. For example, the setting unit 214 sets the target value for blankets to "100 blankets," which is the same quantity as the assumed number of evacuees, 100.

[0054] The notification unit 215 has a function to notify when the quantity of disaster relief supplies deviates from the target value by more than a first threshold. Here, the first threshold represents the user-acceptable difference between the target value and the quantity of each item of disaster relief supplies. Specifically, the notification unit 215 notifies the need to reduce the quantity of disaster relief supplies when the quantity of disaster relief supplies exceeds the target value by more than a first threshold. Also, the notification unit 215 notifies the need to replenish the quantity of disaster relief supplies when the quantity of disaster relief supplies falls short of the target value by more than a first threshold. The first threshold is an example of a "determined amount".

[0055] In this embodiment, the notification unit 215 displays a suggestion to replenish a quantity equivalent to 10% of the target value if the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by a designated organization is more than 10% short of the target value for each item of disaster preparedness supplies set by the setting unit 214. For example, if the quantity of blankets is more than 10% short of the target value, the notification unit 215 displays a suggestion on the client terminal 200's display (not shown) that says, "You are 20 blankets short of the target value of 100. Please consider stockpiling an additional 10 blankets." Also, if the quantity of blankets is more than 10% in excess of the target value, the notification unit 215 displays a suggestion on the client terminal 200's display (not shown) that says, "You are 20 blankets in excess of the target value of 100. Please consider reducing the number of blankets by 10." The quantity equivalent to 10% of the target value is an example of a "specified quantity." Furthermore, the notification unit 215 may set different predetermined quantities for when there is an excess and when there is a shortage as the basis for notification. For example, the notification unit 215 displays a warning when the quantity of disaster relief supplies exceeds the target value by more than 10%, or when the quantity of disaster relief supplies falls short of the target value by more than 5%.

[0056] Furthermore, the notification unit 215 has a function to display an order button to order the insufficient disaster relief supplies when the quantity of disaster relief supplies falls below the target value by a second threshold, which is a quantity greater than the first threshold. Here, the second threshold represents the user's unacceptable difference between the target value and the quantity of each type of disaster relief supply. The second threshold is an example of a "specific quantity".

[0057] In this embodiment, the notification unit 215 displays an order button that allows ordering a quantity equivalent to 20% of the target quantity for each item of disaster preparedness stockpiled goods set in the setting unit 214 if the quantity of disaster preparedness stockpiled goods stockpiled by a specified organization is more than 20% short of the target quantity. For example, if the target quantity of blankets is 100, and the shortage is more than 20 blankets (equivalent to 20% of the target), the notification unit 215 displays an order button (not shown) on the display of the client terminal 200 that allows ordering 20 blankets. The quantity equivalent to 20% of the target is an example of a "specific quantity". The notification unit 215 may also display order buttons that allow ordering multiple items.

[0058] (display screen) Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display screen according to the first embodiment. The display screens shown in Figures 8(A) and 8(B) of this embodiment are screens displayed on the display (not shown) of the client terminal 200.

[0059] Figure 8(A) is a schematic diagram of the display screen when the start of inventory of disaster relief supplies according to this embodiment is selected. As shown in Figure 8(A), the display screen when the start of inventory is selected shows the quantity of disaster relief supplies converted from the quantity in purchase units to the quantity in individual units. For example, it is shown that Neighborhood Association A has stockpiled disaster relief supplies including 960 cans of hardtack, 20 bags of 10kg rice, 80 blankets, 900 bottles of 2L water, and 120 disaster relief backpacks.

[0060] Figure 8(B) is a schematic diagram of the display screen used when setting target values ​​for the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies according to this embodiment. As shown in Figure 8(B), the display screen used when setting target values ​​shows the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies converted from quantity in units of individual items to quantity in units of content volume. For example, it is shown that Neighborhood Association A has stockpiled disaster preparedness supplies including 132 kg of hardtack, 200 kg of rice, 80 blankets, 2040 L bottles of water, and 2400 uses of portable toilets. In addition, the target value for the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies for Neighborhood Association A is also displayed in units of content volume. For example, it is shown that the target value for the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies for Neighborhood Association A includes 90 kg of hardtack, 180 kg of rice, 100 blankets, 900 L bottles of water, and 1500 uses of portable trays.

[0061] (flowchart) Next, the processing flow executed in the client terminal 200 of the first embodiment will be explained with reference to the flowcharts in Figures 9 to 11. The various processes described later are executed when the CPU 210 of the client terminal 200 reads the information processing program 221 from the ROM 220 or storage 240, loads it into the RAM 230, and executes it. The various processes described later are executed when the CPU 210 functions as an acquisition unit 211, a conversion unit 212, a display control unit 213, a setting unit 214, and a notification unit 215.

[0062] Figure 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the quantity display processing flow according to the first embodiment. The quantity display processing is performed, for example, when the start of inventory counting is selected, or when the start of setting target values ​​is selected.

[0063] In step S100 of Figure 9, the CPU 210 obtains the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies. Specifically, the CPU 210 obtains the purchase unit quantity (see Figure 5) for each item of disaster preparedness supplies stockpiled by Neighborhood Association A from the disaster preparedness supplies database 141 of the central server 100.

[0064] In step S101, the CPU 210 branches the process depending on the timing of displaying the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies. If the CPU 210 determines that the timing of displaying the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies is when the start of inventory is selected (step S101: inventory), it proceeds to step S102. On the other hand, if the CPU 210 determines that the timing of displaying the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies is when the start of setting target values ​​is selected (step S101: setting target values), it proceeds to step S104.

[0065] In step S102, the CPU 210 converts the quantities of each item of disaster preparedness supplies into individual unit quantities. The CPU 210 converts the quantities of each item of disaster preparedness supplies obtained in step S100 into individual unit quantities for each item by referring to the quantity conversion table of the central server 100 (see Figure 6(A)).

[0066] In step S103, the CPU 210 displays the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies in units. Specifically, the CPU 210 displays the quantities converted in step S102 (see Figure 8(A)). Then, the CPU 210 terminates the quantity display process.

[0067] In step S104, the CPU 210 executes the target value setting process described later. Through the target value setting process, the CPU 210 sets the target value for the content volume unit for each item of disaster preparedness supplies and stores it in the disaster preparedness supplies database 141.

[0068] In step S105, the CPU 210 obtains the target value for each item of disaster preparedness supplies. The CPU 210 obtains the target value in terms of content volume for each item of disaster preparedness supplies, which was set in step S104, from the disaster preparedness supplies database 141.

[0069] In step S106, the CPU 210 converts the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies into quantities in units of content volume for each item. The CPU 210 converts the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies obtained in step S100 into quantities in units of content volume for each item by referring to the content volume conversion table of the central server 100 (see Figure 6(B)).

[0070] In step S107, the CPU 210 determines whether or not disaster preparedness backpacks are included in the disaster preparedness supplies. Specifically, the CPU 210 determines whether or not disaster preparedness backpacks are included in the list of disaster preparedness supplies stored in the disaster preparedness supplies database 141 that are stockpiled by neighborhood association A. If the CPU 210 determines that disaster preparedness backpacks are included in the disaster preparedness supplies (step S107: YES), it proceeds to step S108. On the other hand, if the CPU 210 determines that disaster preparedness backpacks are not included in the disaster preparedness supplies (step S107: NO), it proceeds to step S109.

[0071] In step S108, the CPU 210 converts the quantity of disaster preparedness backpacks into quantities in units of content volume for each item. The CPU 210 converts the quantity of disaster preparedness backpacks obtained in step S100 into quantities in units of content volume for each item contained in the disaster preparedness backpacks by referring to the disaster preparedness backpack conversion table (see Figure 6(C)).

[0072] In step S109, the CPU 210 displays the quantity and target value for each item of disaster preparedness supplies in terms of net volume. Specifically, the CPU 210 calculates the sum of the quantities in net volume units for each item of disaster preparedness supplies converted in steps S106 and S108. The CPU 210 then displays the calculated sum of quantities in net volume units for each item of disaster preparedness supplies and the target value obtained in step S105 (see Figure 8(B)).

[0073] In step S110, the CPU 210 executes the notification process described later. Through this notification process, the CPU 210 displays a suggestion to replenish supplies if the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies is more than 10% below the target value, and displays an order button if the shortage exceeds 20%. The CPU 210 then terminates the quantity display process. Alternatively, the CPU 210 may display a suggestion to reduce supplies if the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies exceeds the target value by more than 10%.

[0074] Figure 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the target value setting process according to the first embodiment. The target value setting process is, for example, the process performed in step S104 in Figure 9.

[0075] In step S200 of Figure 10, the CPU 210 sets the evacuation site. For example, the CPU 210 sets the evacuation site to be managed by Neighborhood Association A.

[0076] In step S201, the CPU 210 obtains the estimated number of evacuees who will use the designated evacuation site. The CPU 210 obtains the estimated number of evacuees from the evacuee information database 143.

[0077] In step S202, the CPU210 sets target values ​​for each item of disaster preparedness supplies in terms of quantity per unit of content, based on the estimated number of evacuees. The CPU210 sets the quantity per unit of content of disaster preparedness supplies needed for three days based on the estimated number of evacuees obtained in step S201 as the target value.

[0078] In step S203, the CPU 210 stores the target values ​​in the disaster preparedness supplies database 141. The CPU 210 stores the target values ​​in terms of content volume for each item of disaster preparedness supplies, which were set in step S202, in the disaster preparedness supplies database 141. Then, the CPU 210 finishes the target value setting process and returns to the quantity display process (see Figure 9).

[0079] Figure 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the notification process flow according to the first embodiment. The notification process is, for example, the process performed in step S110 in Figure 9.

[0080] In step S300 of Figure 11, the CPU 210 obtains the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies in units of content volume. The CPU 210 also obtains the sum of the quantities of each item of disaster preparedness supplies in units of content volume calculated in step S109 (see Figure 9).

[0081] In step S301, the CPU 210 obtains the target value for the content volume unit of each item of disaster preparedness supplies. The CPU 210 obtains the target value for the content volume unit of each item of disaster preparedness supplies from the disaster preparedness supplies database 141.

[0082] In step S302, the CPU 210 determines whether the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies is more than 10% short of the target value. Specifically, the CPU 210 determines whether the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies obtained in step S300 is more than 10% short of the target value of each item of disaster preparedness supplies obtained in step S301. If the CPU 210 determines that there is a shortage of more than 10% (step S302: YES), it proceeds to step S303. On the other hand, if the CPU 210 determines that there is no shortage of more than 10% (step S302: NO), it terminates the notification process and returns to the quantity display process (see Figure 9).

[0083] In step S303, the CPU 210 determines whether the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies is more than 20% short of the target value. Specifically, the CPU 210 determines whether the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies obtained in step S300 is more than 20% short of the target value of each item of disaster preparedness supplies obtained in step S301. If the CPU 210 determines that there is a shortage of more than 20% (step S303: YES), it proceeds to step S304. On the other hand, if the CPU 210 determines that there is no shortage of more than 20% (step S303: NO), it proceeds to step S305.

[0084] In step S304, the CPU 210 displays an order button. Specifically, the CPU 210 displays an order button on the client terminal 200's display (not shown) that allows the user to order disaster preparedness supplies for the items determined to be insufficient in step S303. The CPU 210 then terminates the notification process and returns to the quantity display process (see Figure 9). Alternatively, when the order button is pressed, the CPU 210 may display a screen to confirm the order instead of returning to the quantity display process.

[0085] In step S305, the CPU 210 displays a replenishment suggestion. Specifically, the CPU 210 displays a suggestion to replenish the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies that were determined to be insufficient in step S302. Then, the CPU 210 terminates the notification process and returns to the quantity display process (see Figure 9).

[0086] (Summary of the first embodiment) The client terminal 200 of the first embodiment acquires the quantity of each item of disaster relief supplies stockpiled by the neighborhood association A, and converts and displays the unit of the acquired quantity of each item of disaster relief supplies according to the display timing. Therefore, according to the client terminal 200 of this embodiment, the quantity of each item of disaster relief supplies can be displayed in different units of quantity depending on the display timing.

[0087] In the first embodiment, the client terminal 200 displays the quantity of each item of stockpiled disaster relief supplies in units of individual items when the start of inventory is selected, and displays it in units of net volume when the start of setting target values ​​is selected. Therefore, the client terminal 200 of this embodiment can reduce the effort required to verify quantities during inventory. Furthermore, with the client terminal 200 of this embodiment, when setting target values ​​for the quantity of each item of disaster relief supplies, it is easier to concretely imagine the weight, volume, number of uses, etc., of the stockpiled disaster relief supplies compared to when the quantity is displayed in units of individual items. It is also easier to concretely imagine the weight, volume, number of uses, etc., of disaster relief supplies that are insufficient to meet the target value.

[0088] The client terminal 200 of the first embodiment sets target quantities for each item of disaster preparedness supplies to be stockpiled at an evacuation site, based on the number of evacuees expected to use the evacuation site, and displays a warning if the quantity of stockpiled disaster preparedness supplies deviates from the target value by more than 10%. Therefore, the client terminal 200 of this embodiment can prompt the user to replenish the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies when the quantity of supplies becomes insufficient by a predetermined amount due to a decrease in the quantity of supplies or an increase in the expected number of evacuees. Conversely, it can prompt the user to reduce the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies when the quantity of supplies exceeds a predetermined amount due to an increase in the quantity of supplies or a decrease in the expected number of evacuees.

[0089] In the first embodiment, the client terminal 200 suggests replenishing the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies that are lacking if the quantity of each item falls below 10% of the target value and is 20% or less. Therefore, the client terminal 200 of this embodiment can encourage the replenishment of disaster preparedness supplies that are lacking in amounts that exceed the user's tolerance level.

[0090] In the first embodiment, the client terminal 200 displays an order button that allows the user to order disaster preparedness supplies for items that are in short supply if the quantity of each item falls below 20% of the target value. Therefore, the client terminal 200 of this embodiment can prompt the user to order disaster preparedness supplies that are in short supply by an amount that exceeds the user's tolerance level.

[0091] The client terminal 200 of the first embodiment converts the quantity of the disaster preparedness backpack into individual quantity units for each of the multiple disaster preparedness supplies contained in the backpack. Therefore, with the client terminal 200 of this embodiment, the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies can be grasped more accurately compared to when the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies, which consist of multiple items, is not converted into individual quantity units.

[0092] [Second Embodiment] The client terminal 200 of the second embodiment displays the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies in units required in the event of a disaster. The units required in the event of a disaster include, for example, units of days calculated based on the daily requirement, units of people calculated based on the per capita requirement, and units of meals calculated based on the per meal requirement.

[0093] In this embodiment, when the start of a disaster simulation is selected from the management screen for managing the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies, the client terminal 200 acquires the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies, converts the acquired quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies into a quantity in units of days, and displays it. The number of days indicates the period during which the system can withstand a disaster, and is calculated by dividing the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies by the quantity required per day. The differences from the first embodiment will be explained below. Note that the other configurations are the same as in the embodiment described above, and detailed explanations will be omitted. When the start of a disaster simulation is selected, this is an example of the "third timing". The quantity in units of days is an example of the "third quantity".

[0094] The unit conversion database 142 (see Figure 4) of the second embodiment stores a conversion table for converting the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies into a quantity unit that indicates the supplyable quantity calculated based on the quantity needed in the event of a disaster. The unit conversion database 142 of this embodiment includes a day conversion table (see Figure 12) for converting the quantity in units of individual items into a quantity in units of days. Note that the conversion table included in the unit conversion database 142 is not limited to converting to units of days, but may also convert to units of people, units of meals, etc.

[0095] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of a day conversion table for converting the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies in units of units to the quantity in units of days according to the second embodiment. As shown in Figure 12, the day conversion table of this embodiment stores the number of days equivalent to one adult per unit of each item. For example, the day conversion table stores that the number of days equivalent to "1 can" of hardtack is "1 / 3 of a day". That is, one can of hardtack is enough for one adult to last for 1 / 3 of a day. Similarly, the number of days equivalent to "1 bag" of 10 kg of rice is "36 days", the number of days equivalent to "1 bottle" of 2 L of water is "2 / 3 of a day", and the number of days equivalent to "1 set" of portable toilet is "4 days". Note that the day conversion table may also convert the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies in units of purchase, quantity in units of content volume, etc., to the quantity in units of days.

[0096] (Functional Configuration) The conversion unit 212 of the second embodiment (see Figure 7) has the function of converting the quantity of disaster relief supplies into a quantity per day for each item. Here, the conversion unit 212 of this embodiment performs the quantity conversion by calculating the quantity per day for disaster relief supplies stockpiled by a predetermined organization. Specifically, the conversion unit 212 calculates the quantity per day by multiplying the calculated quantity per unit by the number of days in the day conversion table (see Figure 12) and dividing by the assumed number of evacuees. Taking the case of Neighborhood Association A as an example, the conversion unit 212 calculates the number of days by multiplying the quantity per unit of hardtack, "960 cans," by "1 / 3 of a day." Then, by dividing the calculated number of days by the assumed number of evacuees at the evacuation site managed by Neighborhood Association A, "100 people," it calculates that the quantity per day is "3.2 days."

[0097] In the second embodiment, the display control unit 213 displays the quantity of each disaster preparedness item converted by the conversion unit 212 in units of days when the start of a disaster simulation is selected.

[0098] (display screen) Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display screen according to the second embodiment. The display screen of this embodiment is an example of the display screen when the start of a disaster simulation is selected. As shown in Figure 13, the display screen when the start of a disaster simulation is selected shows the quantity of disaster relief supplies converted from quantity in units of individual items to quantity in units of days. For example, the quantity of disaster relief supplies for Neighborhood Association A in units of days is shown to include 3.2 days of hardtack, 7.2 days of rice, and 6 days of water. Note that the quantity in units of days is not displayed for items that are not listed in the day conversion table, such as blankets and disaster relief backpacks.

[0099] Figure 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the quantity display processing flow according to the second embodiment. The quantity display processing in this embodiment is executed when the start of the disaster simulation is selected.

[0100] In step S400 of Figure 14, the CPU 210 accepts the request to run a simulation of a disaster.

[0101] In step S401, the CPU 210 obtains the quantity in units of each type of disaster preparedness stockpile. For example, the CPU 210 obtains the quantity in units of each purchase for each type of disaster preparedness stockpile from the disaster preparedness stockpile database 141, and then converts the obtained quantity in units of purchase into a quantity in units of each type of disaster preparedness stockpile.

[0102] In step S402, the CPU 210 converts the quantities of each item of disaster preparedness supplies into quantities per day. The CPU 210 converts the quantities of each item of disaster preparedness supplies obtained in step S401 into quantities per day for each item by referring to the day conversion table (see Figure 12).

[0103] In step S403, the CPU 210 displays the quantity of each disaster preparedness item in terms of days (see Figure 13). Then, the CPU 210 terminates the quantity display process.

[0104] (Summary of the second embodiment) In the second embodiment, when the start of a disaster simulation is selected, the client terminal 200 converts the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies into a quantity per day calculated based on the quantity needed during a disaster. Therefore, with the client terminal 200 of this embodiment, the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies can be intuitively understood in terms of the quantity needed during a disaster.

[0105] [Other embodiments]

[0106] In the first embodiment, the client terminal 200 set a target value based on a uniform quantity for 100 people, the assumed number of evacuees in neighborhood association A, but it is not limited to this. The client terminal 200 in this embodiment may increase or decrease the target value based on information about the assumed evacuees, such as their age, gender, and allergy rates. Therefore, with the client terminal 200 in this embodiment, it is possible to set target values ​​for each item of disaster preparedness supplies more accurately compared to cases where the target value is not increased or decreased based on information about the evacuees.

[0107] In the second embodiment, the client terminal 200 may convert the quantities of multiple disaster preparedness items included in the disaster preparedness backpack into quantities in units of days, similar to the first embodiment. With the client terminal 200 of this embodiment, it is possible to determine the number of days more accurately compared to when the quantities of multiple disaster preparedness items included in the disaster preparedness backpack are not converted into quantities for each item.

[0108] In the second embodiment, the client terminal 200 converted the quantity of each item of disaster preparedness supplies into a quantity per day using the number of days equivalent to one adult, but is not limited to this. The client terminal 200 of this embodiment may increase or decrease the number of days based on information about the expected evacuees, such as their age, gender, and allergy rates. Therefore, with the client terminal 200 of this embodiment, the quantity of disaster preparedness supplies per day can be set more accurately compared to the case where the number of days is not increased or decreased based on the evacuee's information.

[0109] Furthermore, the configurations of the management system 10, the central server 100, and the client terminal 200 described in the above embodiment are examples and may be modified as needed without departing from the main purpose.

[0110] Furthermore, the program processing flow described in the above embodiment is just one example, and unnecessary steps may be deleted, new steps added, or the processing order rearranged, as long as it does not deviate from the main purpose.

[0111] In the above embodiment, CPU refers to a processor in a broad sense, and includes, for example, general-purpose processors such as CPUs (Central Processing Units), as well as specialized processors such as GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), and programmable logic devices.

[0112] Furthermore, the operation of the processor in the above embodiment may not be performed by a single processor, but may be performed by multiple processors located in physically separate locations working together. Also, the order of the processor operations is not limited to the order described in the above embodiment, but may be changed as appropriate.

[0113] Furthermore, although the above embodiments describe a configuration in which the information processing program is pre-stored (installed) on storage, the invention is not limited to this. The program may be provided in the form of recording on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory), and USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory. Alternatively, the program may be provided in the form of download from an external device via a network. Moreover, this disclosure is also applicable to programs and program products. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0114] 10 Management Systems 100 Center Servers 200 client terminals 211 Acquisition Department 212 Conversion Unit 213 Display Control Unit 214 Settings Section 215 Hochi Department 221 Information Processing Programs

Claims

1. An acquisition unit that acquires the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies, A conversion unit converts the quantity of disaster relief supplies acquired by the acquisition unit into a quantity corresponding to the item of disaster relief supplies, A display control unit that displays the quantity of the disaster preparedness supplies in the amount of the unit converted by the conversion unit at a predetermined timing, An information processing device equipped with the following features.

2. The conversion unit converts the quantity of the disaster relief supplies into a first quantity, expressed as the number of individual items, at a predetermined first timing, and converts the quantity of the disaster relief supplies into a second quantity, expressed as the net volume of the contents of the disaster relief supplies, at a predetermined second timing. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

3. A setting unit sets the target quantity of the disaster relief supplies to be stored in a designated storage location to the second quantity based on information about the expected number of evacuees, A notification unit provides notification when the difference between the target value of the disaster preparedness stockpiles set by the setting unit and the second quantity converted by the conversion unit from the quantity of the disaster preparedness stockpiles acquired by the acquisition unit exceeds a predetermined amount. The information processing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising:

4. The notification unit, if the second quantity exceeds the predetermined amount relative to the target value but is insufficient within a range of a specific amount or less, proposes to stockpile additional disaster relief supplies to compensate for the shortage. The information processing apparatus according to claim 3.

5. The notification unit, when the second quantity falls short of the target value by a specific amount, displays an order button for ordering the insufficient disaster relief supplies. The information processing apparatus according to claim 4.

6. The conversion unit, when the disaster preparedness supplies consist of multiple items, converts the quantity of the disaster preparedness supplies into a unit corresponding to each of the multiple items. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

7. The conversion unit converts the quantity of disaster relief supplies at a predetermined third timing into a third quantity that represents the quantity of disaster relief supplies that can be supplied, calculated based on the quantity required in the event of a disaster. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

8. Obtain the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies, The quantity of the disaster relief supplies obtained is converted into a unit quantity corresponding to the item of the disaster relief supplies. The quantity of the disaster preparedness supplies is displayed using the amount of the unit converted at a predetermined timing. An information processing method in which a computer performs the processing.

9. Obtain the quantity of stockpiled disaster relief supplies, The quantity of the disaster relief supplies obtained is converted into a unit quantity corresponding to the item of the disaster relief supplies. The quantity of the disaster preparedness supplies is displayed using the amount of the unit converted at a predetermined timing. An information processing program that causes a computer to perform a task.

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