Waveform-specific transmission section

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, system, device, and apparatus for supporting a waveform-specific transmitter that organizes and schedules waveform-specific communications between a UE and a base station. [Solution] In a wireless communication system, each base station 105-b constitutes a set of transmitters, each including different sets of time-domain resources, different sets of frequency-domain resources, or both, and specifies a waveform type for each set of transmitters, thereby constituting a set of transmitters for user equipment 115-b. Accordingly, the UE and base station communicate through the transmitters of the set of transmitters via signaling based on the waveform type associated with the transmitters through which the UE and base station communicate, and control the transmitters of the set of transmitters through which the UE and base station communicate via a configured timer or via explicit activation and deactivation signaling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross-reference This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 226,810, filed Apr. 9, 2021, by Sakhnini et al. entitled "WAVEFORM-SPECIFIC TRANSMISSION PARTS", assigned to the assignee of the present application.

[0002] The following relates to wireless communication, including transmission parts specific to waveforms.

Background Art

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multi-connection systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth-generation (5G) systems sometimes referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ techniques such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multi-connection communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes that each simultaneously support communication for a plurality of communication devices, sometimes known as user equipment (UE).

Summary of the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0004] The techniques described relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatus for supporting waveform-specific transmitters. Generally, the techniques described enable the organization and scheduling of waveform-specific communications between user equipment (UEs) and base stations, so that different UEs or the same UE can communicate with base stations via signaling based on different waveform types.

[0005] In some examples, a network may consist of a number of transmitters, each of which may correspond to a defined set of time and frequency resources. Transmitters may be either temporally continuous or discontinuous, and frequencyly continuous or discontinuous. Each transmitter may be associated with (for example, configured for) a specified waveform type, such as a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or a multi-carrier frequency-domain waveform. Thus, a UE may receive a configuration of one or more transmitters, and the configuration of one or more transmitters may indicate the waveform type that the UE should use for communication in each of the one or more transmitters, such that different waveform types may be configured for different transmitters. In some implementations, each transmitter in a set of transmitters may be associated with a set of parameters in addition to the waveform type, such as, among other things, cyclic prefix (CP) length, subcarrier spacing (SCS), tip rate, or switching gap.

[0006] One or more transmitters may be activated or deactivated for a UE over a series of time periods, in some cases, so that the UE can communicate with the base station through different transmitters at different times (and thus, in some cases, through signaling of different waveform types). Also in some cases, two or more transmitters may be active in parallel for the same UE, and the UE may potentially communicate with the base station in parallel through multiple transmitters (including potentially through signaling of different waveform types), depending on the UE's capabilities. These and other aspects of the teachings herein may reduce the complexity of the associated schedules and, among other advantages that a person skilled in the art can understand, provide a mechanism for stronger interference control with respect to different UEs or the same UE using different waveform types within a wireless communication system.

[0007] A method for wireless communication in a UE is described. The method may include the steps of: receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; communicating with the base station via the first transmitter for a first time period via signaling based on the first waveform type; and communicating with the base station via the second transmitter for a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on the second waveform type.

[0008] The present invention describes an apparatus for wireless communication in a UE. The apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, where at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources is different for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions may cause the apparatus to receive, associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type, associate a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type, communicate with the base station via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on the first waveform type, and communicate with the base station via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on the second waveform type.

[0009] Another apparatus for wireless communication in a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter of the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; means for communicating with the base station via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on the first waveform type; and means for communicating with the base station via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on the second waveform type.

[0010] The present invention describes a non-temporary computer-readable medium for storing code for wireless communication in a UE. The code may include instructions that can be executed by a processor to receive instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing its respective set of time resources and frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; to communicate with the base station via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on the first waveform type; and to communicate with the base station via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on the second waveform type.

[0011] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein include receiving a System Information Block (SIB) which includes a configuration of an initial transmitter different from a first transmitter and a second transmitter, and the SIB may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the SIB which associates the initial transmitter with an initial waveform type which may be a first waveform type, a second waveform type, or a third waveform type, and for communicating with a base station via the initial transmitter via signaling which may be based on the initial waveform type prior to a first time period.

[0012] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving instructions from a default transmitter of a set of transmitters, the default transmitter including a first transmitter, and communicating with a base station via the first transmitter during a first time period, based on the instructions of the default transmitter.

[0013] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein include receiving an activation message from a base station to one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters including a second transmitter, and further including operations, features, means or instructions for performing the receiving, which may be based on the activation message, via the second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0014] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving deactivation messages from a base station for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters, and switching, based on the deactivation messages, from communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or communicating with the base station via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0015] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein include receiving instructions from a base station for the duration of a timer associated with one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires, and further including operations, features, means, or instructions for switching, based on the timer expiration, from communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type, to communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or to communicating with the base station via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the first and second transmitters may be active in parallel for the UE.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the set of transmitters may include a set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a first set of uplink-specific communication parameters and a set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, each transmitter in a set of transmitters may be for both uplink and downlink communications, and the instructions associate each transmitter in the set of transmitters with the respective set of communication parameters that may be common to both uplink and downlink communications.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporal computer-readable media described herein, at least one of the first and second transmitters is temporally discontinuous, and communication with a base station via the first or second transmitter may involve communicating according to a communication time run that may be transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporal computer-readable media described herein, at least one of the first and second transmitters is temporally discontinuous, and communication with a base station via the first or second transmitter may involve communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0021] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving authorization from a base station for a transmitting resource outside one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters, and, based on the authorization, communicating with the base station via the transmitting resource which may be outside one or more active transmitters.

[0022] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving permission from a base station for transmitting resources outside of one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters, and, based on the permission, refraining from communicating with the base station through any transmitting resources that may be outside of one or more active transmitters.

[0023] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for each receiving from a base station configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitters in a set of transmitters, and switching, during one or more switching gaps, to communicate with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type and then via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0024] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein involve transmitting a capability message to a base station indicating a set of waveform types that a UE may be able to use, and further including, however, an operation, feature, means or instruction for performing a transmission, the instruction of a set of transmitters may be based on the capability message.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, each set of time resources and each set of frequency resources for the transmitters of the set of transmitters may be discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

[0026] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first waveform type includes a first waveform among single-carrier frequency-domain waveforms, single-carrier time-domain waveforms, or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveforms, and the second waveform type includes a second waveform among single-carrier frequency-domain waveforms, single-carrier time-domain waveforms, or OFDM waveforms.

[0027] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method includes transmitting, to a UE, an indication of a set of transmitters, each including a respective set of time resources and a respective set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources included within each respective set of time resources and frequency resources is different for each transmitter of the set of transmitters, and the indication associates a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; communicating, via signaling based on the first waveform type, with the UE during a first time period via the first transmitter; and communicating, via signaling based on the second waveform type, with the UE during a second time period after the first time period via the second transmitter.

[0028] The present invention describes an apparatus for wireless communication at a base station. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. An instruction is to transmit to the UE an instruction for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instruction may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmit: to associate a first transmit of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type, and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; to communicate with the UE via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on the first waveform type; and to communicate with the UE via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on the second waveform type.

[0029] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for transmitting instructions for a set of transmitters to a UE, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; means for communicating with the UE via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on the first waveform type; and means for communicating with the UE via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on the second waveform type.

[0030] The present invention describes a non-temporary computer-readable medium for storing code for wireless communication at a base station. The code may include instructions that can be executed by a processor to transmit to a UE instructions for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources is different for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; to communicate with the UE via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on the first waveform type; and to communicate with the UE via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on the second waveform type.

[0031] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein involve transmitting an SIB including a configuration of an initial transmitter different from that of a first transmitter and a second transmitter, the SIB may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, associating the initial transmitter with an initial waveform type which may be a first waveform type, a second waveform type, or a third waveform type, and communicating with a UE via the initial transmitter via signaling which may be based on the initial waveform type prior to a first time period.

[0032] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting instructions of a default transmitter of a set of transmitters, the default transmitter including a first transmitter, and communication with a UE via the first transmitter during a first time period, which may be based on the instructions of the default transmitter.

[0033] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein include transmitting an activation message to one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters, including a second transmitter, to a UE, and further including operations, features, means, or instructions for performing transmissions that can be transmitted based on the activation message via the second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0034] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a deactivation message to one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters to a UE, and switching, based on transmitting the deactivation message, from communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or communicating with the UE via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0035] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting duration instructions for a timer associated with one or more transmitters to a UE, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires, and for switching, based on the timer's expiration, from communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or communicating with the UE via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the first and second transmitters may be active in parallel for the UE.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the set of transmitters may include a set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a set of uplink-specific communication parameters and a set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a first set of downlink-specific communication parameters.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, each transmitter in a set of transmitters may be for both uplink and downlink communications, and the instructions associate each transmitter in the set of transmitters with the respective set of communication parameters that may be common to both uplink and downlink communications.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporal computer-readable media described herein, at least one of the first and second transmitters may be temporally discontinuous, and communication with the UE via the first or second transmitter may involve communicating according to a communication time run that may be transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0040] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporal computer-readable media described herein, at least one of the first and second transmitters may be temporally discontinuous, and communication with the UE via the first or second transmitter may involve communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0041] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting authorization to a UE for a transmission resource outside of one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters, and, based on the authorization, communicating with the UE via the transmission resource which may be outside of one or more active transmitters.

[0042] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for each transmitting to a UE the configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitters in a set of transmitters, and for switching, during one or more switching gaps, to communicate with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type and to communicate with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0043] Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein involve receiving from a UE a capability message indicating a set of waveform types that the UE may be able to use, and further including operations, features, means, or instructions for performing the receiving, where instructions for a set of transmitters may be based on the capability message.

[0044] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, each set of time resources and frequency resources for the set of transmitters may be discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in terms of both time and frequency.

[0045] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the first waveform type includes a first waveform from among a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or an OFDM waveform, and the second waveform type includes a second waveform from among a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or an OFDM waveform. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0046] [Figure 1] This figure shows an example of a wireless communication system that supports a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] This figure shows an example of a wireless communication system that supports a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] This figure shows an example of a communication timeline supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] This figure shows an example of a process flow supporting a waveform-specific transmission unit according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] This is a block diagram of a device supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] This is a block diagram of a device supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] This is a block diagram of a communications manager supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] This is a diagram of a system including a device that supports a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] This is a block diagram of a device supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] This is a block diagram of a device supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] This is a block diagram of a communications manager supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] This is a diagram of a system including a device that supports a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] This flowchart shows a method for supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] This flowchart shows a method for supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] This flowchart shows a method for supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] This flowchart shows a method for supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0047] As the number of wireless devices communicating across the available spectrum increases, the demand for communication resources will rise, potentially leading to the use of increasingly higher frequencies for communication. Also, for just one reason, as higher frequencies are used for communication, larger bandwidths may become available and desired for use. For example, user equipment (UEs) and base stations can communicate over relatively high frequency ranges (such as the FR2 or FR4 radio frequency bands, including the millimeter-wave (mmW) frequency range), and communication across such relatively high frequency bands can enable UEs and base stations to communicate over relatively large bandwidths.

[0048] In higher bandwidth operations, trade-offs may exist between different waveform types (e.g., between supported cell coverage area, supported throughput, implementation complexity, etc.) based on the operating conditions or constraints associated with the UE, or based on the UE's deployment scenario. Therefore, along with other parameters, which waveform type is preferable for use may differ across UEs, or over time (e.g., across different operating scenarios) for the same UE. However, scheduling complexity and interference issues can arise regarding the use of different waveform types by different UEs, or by the same UE over time within the same wireless communication system, which can result in increased system complexity or a higher likelihood of communication failure (e.g., as a result of interference with a greater impact).

[0049] In some implementations of this disclosure, a base station (e.g., a network) may organize communication between the UE and the base station according to waveform types. For example, the base station may constitute a quantity of transmitters (which may refer to a set of time resources or frequency resources, or both), and each transmitter of the quantity may be associated with (e.g., configured for) a specified waveform type. Thus, the UE may receive a configuration of the quantity of transmitters from the base station, and the configuration may indicate the waveform type that the UE should use for communication across each of the quantity of transmitters (e.g., different waveform types may be configured for different transmitters). For example, according to the configuration, the UE and the base station may communicate via signaling based on a first waveform type within a first transmitter of the quantity of transmitters, and via signaling based on a second waveform type within a second transmitter of the quantity of transmitters.

[0050] Certain implementations of the subject matter described herein may be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential benefits. For example, the techniques described may be implemented to organize communications between different devices in a system according to waveform type, which may reduce scheduling complexity and interference issues related to the use of different waveform types by different UEs or by the same UE over time. For example, by assigning waveform types to one or more pre-configured or predefined transmitters, a base station may experience less complexity when scheduling communications of different waveform types (for example, such scheduling may be achieved using activation or deactivation messages that can indicate which of the previously configured one or more transmitters is active for the UE at any given time, so that the UE can monitor and communicate according to one or more transmitters that are currently active at any given time). Furthermore, since a base station may assign potentially interfering waveform types to transmitters separated by time, frequency, or both, such organization or pre-configuration of transmitters with specified waveform types may provide the base station with a greater ability to efficiently manage interference between different waveform types, or, in some cases, an efficient way to avoid scenarios in which interference between different waveform types may occur. In some cases, the base station may further pre-configure one or more switching between different transmitters (and thus between potentially different waveform types) for the UE, and such pre-configured switching between pre-configured transmitters may be associated with further reduced latency.

[0051] The aspects of this disclosure will first be described in the context of wireless communication systems. In addition, the aspects of this disclosure will be shown and described with reference to communication timelines and process flows. The aspects of this disclosure will be further shown and described with reference to equipment diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to waveform-specific transmitters.

[0052] Figure 1 shows an example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support extended broadband communication, ultra-high reliability (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, communication with low-cost, low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0053] Base stations 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100 and may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UEs 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 may provide a geographical coverage area 110 over which UEs 115 and base station 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. A geographical coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area over which base stations 105 and UEs 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0054] The UE115 may be distributed across the entire geographical coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE115 may be fixed, mobile, or both at different times. The UE115 may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Several exemplary UE115 are shown in Figure 1. The UE115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UE115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), as shown in Figure 1.

[0055] Base station 105 may communicate with the core network 130, communicate with each other, or both. For example, base station 105 may interface with the core network 130 through one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base station 105 may communicate with each other via the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces) directly (e.g., directly between base station 105s), indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or both. In some examples, the backhaul links 120 may be one or more wireless links, or may include one or more wireless links.

[0056] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or be referred to by, a base transceiver station, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, node B, enode B (eNB), next-generation node B or giganode B (either of which may be called gNB), home node B, home enode B, or other appropriate terms.

[0057] UE115 may include, or may be referred to as, a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other appropriate term, and “device” may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, among other things. UE115 may also include, or may be referred to as, personal electronic devices such as cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet computers, laptop computers, or personal computers. In some examples, UE115 may also include, or may be referred to as, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, any Internet of Things (IoE) device, or a machine-type communications (MTC) device, among other things, which may be implemented in appliances, or various items such as vehicles, meters, etc.

[0058] The UE115 described herein may be capable of communicating with other UE115s that may function as relays, as well as with various types of devices, including, in particular, base stations 105 and network equipment, such as macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, as shown in Figure 1.

[0059] UE115 and base station 105 may communicate wirelessly with each other via one or more communication links 125 over one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for communication links 125 may include a portion of the radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that is continuous in the time domain and can operate according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry collected signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling to coordinate operations with the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with UE115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. UE115 may consist of multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation can be used with both frequency-division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time-division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0060] In some examples (for instance, in carrier aggregation configurations), a carrier may also have collection or control signaling to coordinate its operation with other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Advanced Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be positioned according to a channel raster for discovery by the UE115. A carrier may operate in standalone mode, where initial collection and connection may be performed via the carrier by the UE115, or it may operate in non-standalone mode, where connection is anchored using different carriers (e.g., of the same or different radio access technologies).

[0061] A communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmissions from the UE 115 to the base station 105, or downlink transmissions from the base station 105 to the UE 115. The carrier may carry downlink communications or uplink communications (for example, in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink communications and uplink communications (for example, in TDD mode).

[0062] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of determined bandwidths for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, or both) may have a hardware configuration that supports communication over a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configurable to support communication over one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 or UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication over carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each UE 115 being served may be configured to operate over a portion (e.g., a subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth. In some cases, only one BWP may be active for a single UE 115 at any given time.

[0063] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (for example, using multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)). In systems employing MCM techniques, a resource element may consist of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier interval are inversely related. The amount of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements the UE115 receives, and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate for the UE115 can be. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio frequency spectral resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may further increase the data rate or data integrity for communication with the UE115.

[0064] One or more numerologies may be supported for a carrier, where the numerology may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies. In some examples, UE115 may consist of multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time, and communication for UE115 may be limited to one or more active BWPs. In some embodiments, UE115 may consist of up to four downlink or uplink BWPs, each BWP may be defined by a subcarrier spacing (SCS), a cyclic prefix (CP) length, a set of continuous frequency domain resources, and a set of BWP-specific parameters. Thus, a BWP may be understood, or may be thought of, as a temporally continuous segment of the spectrum, encapsulating one or more parameters while spanning only a portion of the system frequency band.

[0065] The time interval for base station 105 or UE115 is, for example, T s = 1 / (Δf max ·N f It can refer to a sampling period of ) seconds, and can be expressed as a multiple of the basic time unit, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier interval, N f This may represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0066] Each frame may contain multiple sequentially numbered subframes or slots, each subframe or slot having the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided into subframes (e.g., in the time domain), and each subframe may be further divided into a certain number of slots. Alternatively, each frame may contain a variable number of slots, the number of slots may depend on the subcarrier interval. Each slot may contain a certain number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepared for each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a slot may be further divided into a plurality of minislots, each containing one or more symbols. Except for the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) symbols. f The sampling period may include (1) units. The duration of the symbol period may depend on the subcarrier interval or the frequency band of operation.

[0067] A subframe, slot, minislot, or symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be called a transmit time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the amount of symbol duration within the TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., within a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0068] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier using, for example, one or more of the following techniques: time-division multiplexing (TDM), frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM. A control region for a physical control channel (e.g., a control resource set (core set)) may be defined by the amount of symbol duration and may extend over the carrier's system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., core sets) may be configured for a set of UE115s. For example, one or more of the UE115s may monitor or search for control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured for sending control information to multiple UE115s, and a UE-specific search space set for sending control information to a specific UE115.

[0069] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage through one or more cells, such as macrocells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with base station 105 (for example, on a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (for example, a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID), or other). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographical coverage area 110 or a portion of geographical coverage area 110 (for example, a sector) on which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (for example, structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas, depending on various factors such as the capabilities of base station 105. For example, a cell may, among other things, be a building, a subset of a building, or external space between or overlapping with geographical coverage area 110.

[0070] Macrocells generally cover relatively large geographical areas (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can enable unrestricted access by UE115s subscribed to the services of a network provider that supports macrocells. Small cells may be associated with lower-power base stations 105 compared to macrocells, and small cells may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macrocells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to UE115s subscribed to the services of a network provider, or they may provide restricted access to UE115s associated with small cells (e.g., UE115s in a limited subscriber group (CSG), UE115s associated with users in a home or office). Base station 105 may support one or more cells and may support communication on one or more cells using one or more component carriers.

[0071] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)) that can provide access to different types of devices.

[0072] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile and therefore provide communication coverage to a moving geographical coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographical coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but different geographical coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographical coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, heterogeneous networks in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage to various geographical coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0073] The wireless communication system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. In synchronous operation, base stations 105 may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may be approximately synchronized in time. In asynchronous operation, base stations 105 may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may, in some cases, not be synchronized in time. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0074] Some UE115s, such as MTC devices or IoT devices, may be low-cost or low-complexity devices that can provide automated communication between machines (for example, via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technology that enables devices to communicate with each other or with base stations 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices that incorporate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay that information to a central server or application program that utilizes such information or presents it to a human interacting with the application program. Some UE115s may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security detection, physical access control, and transaction-based business billing.

[0075] Some UE115s may be configured to employ power-saving operating modes, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., modes that support one-way communication via transmit or receive, but not simultaneous transmit and receive). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for the UE115 include entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, operating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UE115s may be configured for operation using narrowband protocol types associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within, within, or outside the carrier.

[0076] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-high reliability communication, low latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-high reliability low latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. The UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-high reliability, low latency, or critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-high reliability communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission-critical services such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions may include prioritizing services, and mission-critical services may be used for public safety or general commercial purposes. The terms ultra-high reliability, low latency, mission-critical, and ultra-high reliability low latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0077] In some examples, UE115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UE115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (for example, using a peer-to-peer (P2P) protocol or a D2D protocol). One or more UE115s utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographical coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UE115s in such a group may be outside the geographical coverage area 110 of base station 105, or in some cases may not be able to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, a group of UE115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system where each UE115 transmits to any other UE115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication takes place between UE115s without the involvement of base station 105.

[0078] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel between vehicles (e.g., UE 115), such as a side-link communication channel. In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or any combination thereof. Vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure such as roadside units, or with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., base station 105) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or both.

[0079] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an advanced packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)), and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access layer (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 serviced by base station 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be forwarded through user plane entities that may provide IP address allocation and other functions. A user plane entity may be connected to an IP service 150 for one or more network operators. The IP service 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), or a packet-switched streaming service.

[0080] Some of the network devices, such as the base station 105, may include sub-components such as access network entities 140, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with the UE 115 through one or more other access network transmit entities 145, which may be called radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmit / receive points (TRPs). Each access network transmit entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or integrated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0081] The wireless communication system 100 may typically operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band, as wavelengths range from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter. While UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by building and environmental characteristics, their waves can penetrate structures well enough for a macrocell to service a UE 115 located indoors. Transmitting UHF waves may involve smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to transmitting using lower frequencies and longer waves in the shortwave (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0082] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the super high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band, or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of each device may be smaller and more densely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to greater atmospheric attenuation than SHF or UHF transmissions and may have shorter distances. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency domains, and the specified use of bands across these frequency domains may vary by country or regulatory body.

[0083] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may utilize licensed-assisted access (LAA), LTE-unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed bands such as the 5 GHz Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) band. When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices such as base station 105 and UE 115 may utilize carrier detection for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating in licensed bands (e.g., LAA). Operation in unlicensed spectrums may include, among other things, downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission.

[0084] Base station 105 or UE115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operation or transmit beamforming or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be juxtaposed in an antenna assembly such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in diverse geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array having a certain number of rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming of communication with UE115. Similarly, UE115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. As an addition or alternative, an antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted through antenna ports.

[0085] A base station 105 or UE115 may use MIMO communication to enhance spectral efficiency by leveraging multipath signal propagation by transmitting or receiving multiple signals through different spatial layers. Such techniques are sometimes called spatial multiplexing. Multiple signals may be transmitted by a transmitting device through different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals may be received by a receiving device through different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be called a separate spatial stream and may carry bits related to the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0086] Beamforming, sometimes called spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that can be used in a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicated through the antenna elements of an antenna array such that several signals propagating in a particular orientation relative to the antenna array undergo constructive interference and other signals undergo destructive interference. Coordination of signals communicated through antenna elements may include the transmitting or receiving device applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried through the antenna elements associated with the device. Coordination associated with each antenna element may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device, or to several other orientations).

[0087] The base station 105 or UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of its beamforming operation. For example, the base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with the UE 115. Several signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by the base station 105 in different directions. For example, the base station 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify beam directions for later transmission or reception by the base station 105 (e.g., by a transmitting device such as the base station 105, or by a receiving device such as the UE 115).

[0088] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device, may be transmitted by the base station 105 in a single beam direction (for example, a direction associated with a receiving device such as UE115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by the base station 105 in different directions, and UE115 may report to the base station 105 an indication of the signals received at the highest signal quality, or possibly an acceptable signal quality.

[0089] In some examples, transmission by a device (e.g., by base station 105 or UE115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from base station 105 to UE115). UE115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured amount of beam across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Base station 105 may transmit reference signals that may or may not be precoded (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel-state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). UE115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). These techniques will be described with reference to signals transmitted by the base station 105 in one or more directions, but the UE 115 may employ similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (for example, to identify beam directions for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (for example, to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0090] When a receiving device (e.g., UE115) receives various signals from a base station 105, such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals, it may attempt multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening). For example, the receiving device may attempt multiple receiving directions by receiving through different antenna subarrays, by processing the received signal according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different sets of receive beamforming weights (e.g., different directional listening weights) applied to the received signal at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing the received signal according to different sets of receive beamforming weights applied to the received signal at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” by different receiving configurations or receiving directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). A single receiving configuration may be matched to a beam direction determined based on listening by different receiving configuration directions (e.g., the beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or, in some cases, acceptable signal quality, based on listening by multiple beam directions).

[0091] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly for communication on logical channels. The Medium Access Control (MAC) layer may perform priority processing and multiplexing logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer may also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to improve link efficiency by supporting retransmission at the MAC layer. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer may establish, configure, and maintain RRC connections between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or core network 130, supporting radio bearers for user plane data. At the physical layer, transport channels may be mapped to physical channels.

[0092] UE115 and base station 105 may support data retransmission to increase the likelihood of successful data reception. Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request (ARQ) feedback is one technique to increase the likelihood of data being correctly received on communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Retransmission Request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions). In some examples, devices may support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device may provide HARQ feedback within a slot for data received in a previous symbol within a particular slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in subsequent slots or according to some other time interval.

[0093] In some cases, the UE115 and base station 105 may achieve higher throughput by using additional (e.g., higher) frequency ranges. For example, the UE115 and base station 105 may communicate over relatively high frequency ranges (e.g., frequency ranges used in the FR2 radio frequency band, including mmW frequency ranges, or the FR4 radio frequency band), and communication over such relatively high frequency bands allows the UE115 and base station 105 to communicate over relatively large bandwidths.

[0094] In higher bandwidth operations, trade-offs may exist between different waveform types (e.g., trade-offs between supported cell coverage area, supported throughput, implementation complexity, etc.) based on the operating conditions or constraints associated with the UE115, or based on the deployment scenario of the UE115. Therefore, along with other parameters, which waveform type is desirable for use may differ across UE115s, or even over time for the same UE115 (e.g., across different operating scenarios). Thus, in some implementations, a base station 105 (e.g., a network) may configure a certain number of transmitters for the UE115, each transmitter designated for communication using a specified waveform type and associated with a (potentially unique) set of communication parameters.

[0095] For example, depending on the configuration of the transmitter, the UE 115 and base station 105 can communicate via signaling based on a first waveform type and using a first set of communication parameters via the first transmitter, or via signaling based on a second waveform type and using a second set of communication parameters via the second transmitter. In some implementations, the UE 115 and base station 105 may support switching from communicating via the first transmitter to communicating via the second transmitter in response to a pre-configured switch, activation signaling from base station 105, or deactivation signaling from base station 105.

[0096] Figure 2 shows an example of a wireless communication system 200 supporting waveform-specific transmitters according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 200 may or may be implemented to realize an aspect of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 shows communication over a communication link 205 between a UE 115-a and a base station 105-a, which may be an example of the corresponding devices described herein, including by referring to Figure 1. In some examples, the UE 115-a and the base station 105-a may communicate over one or more transmitters, each associated with a specified waveform type.

[0097] In some examples, such as in the wireless communication system 200 including or associated with an NR system, the UE 115-a and base station 105-a may communicate over relatively high frequency bands. For example, the UE 115-a and base station 105-a may communicate over the FR2 or FR4 radio frequency band. In such higher bandwidth operation (e.g., employing a relatively high NR operating band), the UE 115-a and base station 105-a may communicate over relatively larger bandwidths compared to the bandwidths in relatively lower frequency bands. In some embodiments, the UE 115-a and base station 105-a may experience increased achievable throughput between them as a result of communicating over such relatively larger bandwidths.

[0098] Furthermore (and in such larger bandwidth operations), the UE115-a and base station 105-a may communicate using a certain amount of different waveform types. For example, the UE115-a and base station 105-a may communicate using single-carrier frequency-domain waveforms such as DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, single-carrier time-domain waveforms such as single-carrier quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveforms, or multi-carrier frequency-domain waveforms such as OFDM waveforms. When the UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using frequency-domain waveforms such as single-carrier or multi-carrier frequency-domain waveforms, the UE115-a and base station 105-a may use discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread mapping to subcarriers in the frequency domain and inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) mapping to symbols in the time domain. Alternatively, when the UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using time-domain waveforms such as single-carrier time-domain waveforms, the UE115-a and base station 105-a may refrain from performing subcarrier mapping and simply use broadband time-domain transmission of symbols. In some examples, such as when the UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate over relatively high frequency bands, trade-offs may exist between different waveform types based on the operating conditions or constraints associated with the UE115-a, or the deployment scenario of the UE115-a.

[0099] For example, communications using single-carrier frequency-domain waveforms, such as DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, can be associated with relatively lower peak-to-average power costs (PAPRs) compared to other waveform types (e.g., multi-carrier waveform types such as OFDM waveforms) that can be associated with relatively large coverage. For example, when a UE115-a and a base station 105-a communicate using a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, they can use relatively high transmit power (while maintaining sufficiently high signal quality) and be even more nonlinear, compared to an example where the UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using a different waveform type (e.g., OFDM waveform). Furthermore, the UE115-a or base station 105-a, or both, can employ FDM or single-tap frequency-domain equalization, and relatively efficient bandwidth utilization can be achieved in an example where the UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform. For example, when UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using a single-carrier frequency domain waveform, UE115-a and base station 105-a can refrain from using a guard band to separate simultaneous transmissions, which can increase the amount of bandwidth available for other communications within the wireless communication system 200.

[0100] In further examples, communications using single-carrier time-domain waveforms such as SC-QAM may be associated with a relatively low PAPR compared to other waveform types that can be associated with relatively large coverage (e.g., OFDM waveforms). For example, when UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using single-carrier time-domain waveforms, base station 105-a may provide a relatively large coverage area compared to an example where UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using different waveform types (e.g., OFDM waveforms). Furthermore, since UE115-a and base station 105-a can refrain from performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) operations to support communications using single-carrier time-domain waveforms, the implementation of single-carrier time-domain waveforms may be associated with relatively lower complexity compared to other waveform types.

[0101] In further examples, communications using multi-carrier frequency-domain waveforms (e.g., OFDM waveforms) may be associated with relatively high PAPR (and also relatively low coverage) compared to other waveform types (e.g., single-carrier waveform types). Therefore, OFDM or other multi-carrier waveforms may not be well-suited for relatively high transmit power, as deviations to nonlinearity can significantly affect signal quality in some examples. However, when UE115-a and base station 105-a communicate using OFDM or other multi-carrier waveforms, UE115-a and base station 105-a may experience relatively high SNR, relatively large spectral efficiency, and relatively high-order MIMO capabilities to achieve relatively high data rates compared to other waveform types (e.g., single-carrier waveform types). Furthermore, communications via OFDM or other multi-carrier waveform types may be associated with single-tap frequency-domain equalization, easier or less complex FDM capabilities, and relatively more efficient bandwidth utilization than some other waveform types (e.g., single-carrier time-domain waveform types).

[0102] Therefore, different waveform types may be more or less suitable for different operating conditions or deployments of the UE115-a. For example, one waveform type may be more or less suitable depending on, among other things, the location of the UE115-a relative to the base station 105-a, the SNR that the UE115-a or base station 105-a receives, the power limits or capabilities of the UE115-a, or the MIMO capabilities of the UE115-a. For example, if the UE115-a is located relatively close to the base station 105-a or is subject to operating conditions associated with relatively high channel quality (e.g., high SNR or multipath rich channels), then communication using OFDM or other multicarrier waveforms may be more suitable than communication via a single-carrier waveform, because the UE115-a and base station 105-a can use relatively low transmit power (so that the relatively high PAPR associated with the OFDM waveform does not have as much impact) while taking advantage of the relatively large spectral efficiency and high dator associated with the multicarrier waveform. Furthermore, in cases where the UE115-a can use relatively high-order MIMO techniques (and is potentially not power-limited), OFDM or other multi-carrier waveform types may be equally suitable.

[0103] Alternatively, if UE115-a is located relatively far from base station 105-a (e.g., at the cell edge) or is subject to operating conditions associated with relatively low channel quality (e.g., receiving a relatively low SNR), then communication using a single-carrier waveform type (e.g., DFT-s-OFDM or SC-QAM) may be more suitable than communication via OFDM or other multi-carrier waveforms, as UE115-a and base station 105-a can utilize relatively high transmit power (taking advantage of the relatively low PAPR associated with a single-carrier waveform). Furthermore, in examples where UE115-a is power-limited or, in some cases, refrains from using MIMO communication techniques, the single-carrier waveform type may similarly be a more suitable waveform type.

[0104] In some examples, such as when the UE115-a and base station 105-a support higher bandwidth operation, the operating conditions or deployment scenarios of the UE115-a may change according to a relatively short timeline. Therefore, the UE115-a and base station 105-a may support mechanisms that change between waveforms. For example, as a result of changes in operating conditions, the UE115-a and base station 105-a may support mechanisms for dynamically changing the waveform type that the UE115-a and base station 105-a use for communication. In some examples, the UE115-a and base station 105-a may dynamically select or change the waveform type according to one or more of the following constraints: transmit power constraints, FDM constraints, or MIMO constraints.

[0105] As a result of such dynamic selection of waveform types according to operating conditions, different UEs 115 may use different waveform types at a given time. For example, a combination between single-carrier (e.g., SC-QAM or DFT-s-OFDM) waveforms and multi-carrier (e.g., OFDM) waveforms may be used. In such an example, a first UE 115 and base station 105-a using a single-carrier waveform may communicate via time-division multiplexing resource allocation, which may not fit the frequency-based framework through which communication is possible if a second UE 115 and base station 105-a use an OFDM waveform. Thus, base station 105-a may experience further complexity in scheduling single-carrier-based communications along with multi-carrier-based communications within the wireless communication system 200, and in some cases, as a result of such scheduling complexity, increased interference between such different waveform types may occur.

[0106] In some cases, base station 105-a may support the BWP concept to enable UE 115 with multiple bandwidth capabilities to operate within the same network (for example, within the wireless communication system 200). Base station 105-a and UE 115-a may support dynamic BWP switching (using downlink control information (DCI)), and base station 105-a may define a BWP switching gap (based on UE capability) to provide sufficient time for UE 115-a to adapt to a new set of parameters associated with the new BWP. Each BWP may be temporally continuous, additionally or alternatively associated with the same waveform type, and additionally or alternatively, only a single BWP may be active for the same UE 115 at any given time, each of which may limit the overall flexibility given to the wireless communication system 200 by using the BWP alone.

[0107] In addition, in some cases (such as in higher bandwidth operation), different UE115s may have different support or capabilities for various communication parameters. For example, different UE115s may have different support or capabilities for operating bandwidth using CP or guard intervals, waveform types, support for frequency-domain or time-domain equalization (e.g., some UE115s may have FFT support, while some others may feature time-domain only receivers), switching delays (e.g., between radio frequency chains, between operating bandwidths, between beams, etc.), or chip rate or sampling rate. To support such UE115s with diverse capabilities, base station 105-a may, in some implementations, organize or pre-configure communication between one or more UE115s according to the support or capabilities that one or more UE115s each have for various communication parameters.

[0108] In some examples, such organization or preconfiguration of communication between one or more UE115s, including UE115-a and base station 105-a, may result in faster switching (e.g., between operating bandwidths, between beams, between waveform types, etc.) in both the one or more UE115s and base station 105-a. For example, UE115-a and base station 105-a may perform preconfigured switching (e.g., between operating bandwidths, between beams, between waveform types, etc.) with lower latency than dynamic switching or according to a shorter timeline. Furthermore, such organization or preconfiguration of communication between one or more UE115s and base station 105-a may enable the scheduler of base station 105-a to allocate or schedule time-domain resources (e.g., time-domain resource allocation (TDRA), delay, etc.) with less complexity, and in some examples, such allocation or scheduling of time-domain resources may increase base station 105-a's ability to manage interference between different waveforms. Accordingly, according to some implementations of this disclosure, base station 105-a may organize or configure a framework for supporting multiple UE115s, each with different support and capabilities for various communication parameters, as well as different support or capabilities for waveform types.

[0109] In some examples, such a framework may be implemented on the basis that base station 105-a constitutes a set of transmitters through which base station 105-a can communicate with UE115-a (or UE115-a plus one or more other UE115s). Base station 105-a may define each transmitter in the set of transmitters to be a set of time-domain resources (or a set of time-domain resource sets), or a set of frequency-domain resources (or a set of frequency-domain resource sets), or a combination thereof. In an example where base station 105-a defines transmitters as time-domain resources or a set of time-domain resource sets, the time-domain resources or time-domain resource sets may be temporally continuous or distributed. Similarly, in an example where base station 105-a defines transmitters as frequency-domain resources or a set of frequency-domain resource sets, the frequency-domain resources or frequency-domain resource sets may be frequencyly continuous or distributed.

[0110] Base station 105-a may configure each transmitter in a set of transmitters such that each transmitter has, or possibly is associated with, a (unique) set of parameters. For example, each transmitter in base station 105-a may have, or be associated with, a set of communication parameters that may be dedicated to, or defined for, a set of time or frequency (or both) resources, such as waveform type, CP or guard interval length, SCS, chip rate, bandwidth, or switching time or switching duration. As shown in Figure 2, the set of transmitters may include a first transmitter 210 (sometimes referred to as TP1), a second transmitter 215 (sometimes referred to as TP2), and a third transmitter 220 (sometimes referred to as TP3).

[0111] In some examples, base station 105-a may be configured with a first transmitter 210 for communication using SC-QAM waveforms, and with a second transmitter 215 and a third transmitter 220 for communication using OFDM waveforms. Furthermore, base station 105-a may also be configured with each of the first transmitter 210, the second transmitter 215, and the third transmitter 220 having settings for each of various communication parameters. Thus, UE 115-a and base station 105-a may communicate through one or more of the set of transmitters, using the waveform type specified for that transmitter, according to the set of communication parameters associated with that transmitter.

[0112] In some implementations, in addition to configuring a set of transmitters for UE115-a, base station 105-a may configure UE115-a with an initial transmitter that UE115-a can use to communicate with base station 105-a. In some examples, base station 105-a may configure an initial transmitter in system information, such as System Information Block (SIB) 1, and UE115-a may similarly receive the configuration of the initial transmitter as a result of receiving system information from base station 105-a. In some examples, UE115-a and base station 105-a may communicate via the initial transmitter until other transmitters are configured or activated for UE115-a.

[0113] For example, once base station 105-a establishes a connection, such as an RRC connection, with UE 115-a, it may transmit a configuration of the set of transmitters to UE 115-a, and prior to the establishment of the connection, UE 115-a and base station 105-a may communicate via the initial transmitter. Additionally or alternatively, after establishing a connection with base station 105-a, UE 115-a may receive system information, including instructions for the initial transmitter, and may communicate with base station 105-a via the initial transmitter until it receives signaling from base station 105-a to activate one or more of the configured set of transmitters.

[0114] For example, the set of transmitters configured by base station 105-a in UE 115-a may include one or more transmitters, and base station 105-a may indicate to UE 115-a which of the one or more transmitters is active (for example, available to UE 115-a). In some examples, for example, UE 115-a may receive an activation message from base station 105-a that activates at least a subset of the set of transmitters configured in UE 115-a. In an example where the set of transmitters includes a first transmitter 210, a second transmitter 215, and a third transmitter 220, for example, UE 115-a may receive an activation message indicating to UE 115-a that one or more of the first transmitter 210, the second transmitter 215, or the third transmitter 220 should be activated. UE 115-a may then communicate with base station 105-a via one or more of the activated transmitters. In some embodiments, UE115-a may receive an activation message from base station 105-a via DCI, MAC control element (MAC-CE), or RRC signaling.

[0115] In some examples, UE115-a may also receive instructions for a default transmitter from base station 105-a. Such a default transmitter may refer to a transmitter from a set of configured transmitters that UE115-a and base station 105-a can use for communication if the other transmitters (e.g., the rest) of the set of configured transmitters (e.g., one of the first transmitter 210, the second transmitter 215, or the third transmitter 220) are deactivated (or, in some cases, not active for use by UE115-a). In some examples, UE115-a may receive instructions for multiple default transmitters so that UE115-a and base station 105-a can communicate via one or more of the multiple default transmitters if the other transmitters (e.g., the rest) of the set of configured transmitters are deactivated (or, in some cases, not active for use by UE115-a). UE115-a may receive instructions for a default transmitter as part of a signaling mechanism that communicates the configuration of the transmitter set, or via a separate signaling mechanism. In some examples, the default transmitter (or one of several default transmitters) may be the same as the initial transmitter. In some other examples, the default transmitter (or one of several default transmitters) may be different from the initial transmitter.

[0116] In some implementations, an active transmitter (for example, a transmitter that UE115-a receives instructions to activate via an activation message) may remain active indefinitely or for a limited duration. In some examples, UE115-a may keep one or more active transmitters active until it receives a deactivation message from base station 105-a that explicitly deactivates one or more of the active transmitters (and may, accordingly, use one or more of those activated transmitters for communication with base station 105-a). In some embodiments, UE115-a may receive a deactivation message from base station 105-a via DCI, MAC-CE, or RRC signaling.

[0117] Alternatively, in some other examples, UE115-a may receive a timer (or an indication of the timer's duration) associated with one or more of the active transmitters from base station 105-a, and UE115-a may deactivate one or more of the active transmitters associated with the timer when the timer expires. In other words, UE115-a may keep the active transmitters active for the duration of the timer. Thus, UE115-a (and base station 105-a) may implicitly (e.g., without additional signaling) deactivate the active transmitters when the timer expires (e.g., after the timer expires). In both examples (both explicit and implicit deactivation), UE115-a may fall back to using a default transmitter (or one of several default transmitters) or another transmitter that remains active.

[0118] Furthermore, although it is shown to include three transmitters, the set of transmitters that base station 105-a can configure for UE 115-a (or for one or more UEs in addition to UE 115-a) may include any number of transmitters without exceeding the scope of this disclosure. Additional details regarding such configured sets of transmitters configured for multiple UEs are described herein, including by reference to Figure 3.

[0119] Figure 3 shows an example of a communication timeline 300 supporting waveform-specific transmitters according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The communication timeline 300 can or may be implemented to realize an aspect of wireless communication system 100 or wireless communication system 200. For example, the communication timeline 300 may represent communication between a base station 105 and a plurality of UEs 115 (which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein, including by referring to Figures 1 and 2) via one or more transmitters. In some examples, the base station 105 may constitute a set of transmitters through which a plurality of UEs 115 can communicate with the base station 105 to organize or pre-configure waveform-specific communications via different sets of time resources or frequency resources.

[0120] For example, base station 105 may constitute a set of transmitters including a first transmitter 305 (sometimes referred to as TP1), a second transmitter 310 (sometimes referred to as TP2), a third transmitter 315 (sometimes referred to as TP3), a fourth transmitter 320 (sometimes referred to as TP4), a fifth transmitter 325 (sometimes referred to as TP5), and a sixth transmitter 330 (sometimes referred to as TP6), and may transmit instructions for the configured set (or at least a subset) of transmitters to UE 115 (or more UE 115). As described in more detail with reference to Figure 2, each transmitter in the set of transmitters may be associated with a (unique) set of communication parameters, and each transmitter in the set of transmitters may be associated with a designated or specified waveform type (so that communication through that transmitter uses a designated or specified waveform type).

[0121] For example, the first transmitter 305 may be associated with an SC-QAM waveform, the second transmitter 310 with an OFDM waveform, the third transmitter 315 with an OFDM waveform, the fourth transmitter 320 with a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the fifth transmitter 325 with an SC-QAM waveform, and the sixth transmitter 330 with an OFDM waveform. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, the base station 105 may assign different sets of transmitters to different UEs 115. For example, base station 105 may configure a first set of transmitters, including a first transmitter 305 and a fifth transmitter 325, for a first UE115 (e.g., UE1); a second set of transmitters, including a third transmitter 315 and a sixth transmitter 330, for a second UE115 (e.g., UE2); and a third set of transmitters, including a second transmitter 310 and a fourth transmitter 320, for a third UE115 (e.g., UE3).

[0122] In some implementations, the set of transmitters configured by base station 105 for UE 115 may include a set of uplink-specific transmitters, a set of downlink-specific transmitters, a set of transmitters for both uplink and downlink communications, or any combination thereof. In some examples, for instance, the set of transmitters may include a first subset of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a set of uplink-specific communication parameters and a second subset of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters. In other words, base station 105 may configure the set of transmitters for UE 115 such that UE 115 and base station 105 can use one of the first subsets of uplink-specific transmitters for uplink communications and one of the second subsets of downlink-specific transmitters for downlink communications. Such uplink or downlink-specific communication parameters may include any communication parameters that are dedicated or exclusive to either uplink or downlink communications, or any communication parameters that may have different settings or values ​​for uplink and downlink communications.

[0123] As an addition or alternative, the set of transmitters may include transmitters associated with a set of communication parameters for both uplink and downlink communications. Thus, UE 115 and base station 105 may communicate via uplink signaling or downlink signaling, or both, through such transmitters associated with communication parameters for both uplink and downlink communications. Such communication parameters may include any communication parameters common to or shared between uplink and downlink communications. In other words, the uplink transmitter and the downlink transmitter may be the same transmitter and may have the same communication parameters.

[0124] As shown in Figure 3, the transmitters in the configured set of transmitters may include, or may refer to, a set of time-domain resources (or sets of time-domain resources) or a set of frequency resources (or sets of frequency-domain resources), or both, and the time-domain resources or frequency-domain sources of the transmitters may be temporally continuous or distributed. For example, the first transmitter 305 may cover a set of frequency resources and may include resources that are temporally continuous. In a further example, the fifth transmitter 325 may include temporally distributed resources. In other words, the fifth transmitter 325 may occupy a set of frequency-domain resources and a set of multiple time-domain resource sets (such as multiple sets of symbols or slots). Other transmitters in the set of transmitters shown in Figure 3 may similarly occupy frequency-domain resources that are either frequencyly continuous or distributed, or time-domain resources that are temporally continuous or distributed.

[0125] In examples where the UE115 and base station 105 communicate via a transmitter that has time gaps or, in some cases, is temporally discontinuous, the UE115 and base station 105 may define an arbitrary communication timeline such that the communication timeline is transparent to or takes into account time gaps. In some implementations, for example, the UE115 and base station 105 may communicate according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with the transmitter. In such implementations, the UE115 and base station 105 may define any procedure, parameter, or counter (e.g., timer, scheduling delay, HARQ timeline, etc.) such that it ignores time gaps (e.g., treats one or more time gaps as nonexistent, does not continue counting during a time gap, does not reset when a time gap occurs). For example, a counter or timer may run while the first UE 115 and base station 105 communicate via the first (time-domain) occasion of the fifth transmitter 325, pause between the first occasion and the second occasion of the fifth transmitter 325, and resume execution while the first UE 115 and base station 105 communicate via the second occasion of the fifth transmitter 325.

[0126] Alternatively, in some other implementations, the UE115 and base station 105 may communicate according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps in the transmitter. In such implementations, the UE115 and base station 105 may define any procedure, parameter, or counter (e.g., a timer, scheduling delay, HARQ timeline, etc.) such that each procedure, parameter, or counter takes into account one or more time gaps in the transmitter. For example, a counter or timer may run while the first UE115 and base station 105 communicate via the first occasion of the fifth transmitter 325, continue running between the first and second occasions of the fifth transmitter 325, and continue running while the UE115 and base station 105 communicate via the second occasion of the fifth transmitter 325.

[0127] Furthermore, UE115 may feature one or more rules or procedures for communicating outside of the active transmitter. For example, UE115 may receive permission for a set of resources outside of one or more active transmitters, and in some implementations, it may communicate with base station 105 via a set of resources outside of one or more active transmitters (e.g., according to rules or procedures). Alternatively, in some other implementations, UE115 may refrain from communicating with base station 105 via a set of resources outside of one or more active transmitters (e.g., according to rules and procedures).

[0128] Such rules or procedures may define whether UE115 is enabled to communicate (e.g., transmit or receive) outside of one or more transmitters that are active for UE115, and such rules or procedures may be configured by default (e.g., pre-configured in UE115) or signaled from base station 105 to UE115. For example, UE115 may determine whether UE115 is enabled to communicate over resources outside of one or more active transmitters based on pre-configured or standard-configured rules, or based on instructions or configurations that UE115 may receive from base station 105. In some implementations, base station 105 may determine whether to transmit permission to UE115 for a set of resources in accordance with rules or procedures indicating whether UE115 is enabled to communicate over resources outside of one or more transmitters that are active for UE115. In some examples, for instance, base station 105 may refrain from sending permission to UE115 for a set of resources if UE115 is prohibited, or in some cases, not permitted, to communicate through resources outside of one or more transmitters that are active for UE115.

[0129] In some embodiments, base station 105 may configure one or more guard bands between some of the transmitters in its set. Thus, some transmitters, such as a fifth transmitter 325 and a sixth transmitter 330, may be separated by frequency range (for example, to mitigate interference between signaling transmitted through the transmitters). For example, base station 105 may configure a guard band between the fifth transmitter 325 and the sixth transmitter 330 (which may overlap in time) because SC-QAM-based signaling may potentially interfere with OFDM-based signaling. For similar reasons, base station 105 may refrain from configuring a guard band between the second transmitter 310 and the third transmitter 315 (which also overlap in time) because both the second transmitter 310 and the third transmitter 315 may feature OFDM-based signaling that can be multiplexed to avoid interference.

[0130] As an addition or alternative, base station 105 may configure one or more switching gaps between some of the transmitters in its set. Thus, some transmitters may be separated by duration to allow switching between them. In some examples, the switching gaps that base station 105 may configure between transmitters may provide sufficient time to make adjustments associated with UE 115 and base station 105 switching from communicating through one transmitter to communicating through different transmitters.

[0131] For example, in an example where the first transmitter 305 and the fifth transmitter 325 are active (or become active) for the first UE 115, the first UE 115 and the base station 105 may communicate via the first transmitter 305 over a first time period according to a first set of communication parameters associated with the first transmitter 305 via SC-QAM waveform-based signaling, and may communicate via the fifth transmitter 325 over a second time period according to a second set of communication parameters associated with the fifth transmitter 325 via SC-QAM waveform-based signaling. Thus, the first UE 115 and the base station 105 may make one or more adjustments during the switching gap between the first transmitter 305 and the fifth transmitter 325 to support switching from communicating according to the first set of communication parameters to communicating according to the second set of communication parameters.

[0132] In a further example, in an example where the second transmitter 310 and the fourth transmitter 320 are active (or become active) for the third UE 115, the third UE 115 and the base station 105 may communicate over a first time period via the second transmitter 310 according to a first set of communication parameters associated with the second transmitter 310 via OFDM waveform-based signaling, and over a second time period via the fourth transmitter 320 according to a second set of communication parameters associated with the fourth transmitter 320 via DFT-s-OFDM waveform signaling. Thus, the third UE 115 and the base station 105 may make one or more adjustments during the switching gap between the second transmitter 310 and the fourth transmitter 320 to support switching from communicating over OFDM waveforms to communicating over DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and to support switching from communicating according to a first set of communication parameters to communicating according to a second set of communication parameters.

[0133] In some examples, UE115 may receive activation signaling from base station 105 that simultaneously activates multiple transmitters for UE115, or UE115 may have two or more active transmitters simultaneously (for example, UE115 may have multiple active transmitters in parallel or simultaneously). In such embodiments, both the first transmitter 305 and the fifth transmitter 325 may be active transmitters for the first UE115, and by having both the first transmitter 305 and the fifth transmitter 325 as active transmitters, the first UE115 can switch during a switching gap from communicating with base station 105 via the first transmitter 305 to communicating with base station 105 via the fifth transmitter 325. In some other examples, the first UE 115 may receive a deactivation message to the first transmitter 305 and an activation message to the fifth transmitter 325, and in accordance with the activation and deactivation signaling, it may switch during the switching gap from communicating with the base station 105 via the first transmitter 305 to communicating with the base station 105 via the fifth transmitter 325.

[0134] In a further example, both the second transmitter 310 and the fourth transmitter 320 may be active transmitters for the third UE 115, and the third UE 115 can switch during the switching gap from communicating with the base station 105 via the second transmitter 310 to communicating with the base station 105 via the fourth transmitter 320 by having both the second transmitter 310 and the fourth transmitter 320 as active transmitters. In some other examples, the third UE 115 may receive deactivation messages for the second transmitter 310 and activation messages for the fourth transmitter 320, and according to the activation and deactivation signaling, can switch during the switching gap from communicating with the base station 105 via the second transmitter 310 to communicating with the base station 105 via the fourth transmitter 320.

[0135] Therefore, the base station 105 can effectively encapsulate different waveform types within various transmitters, support low-latency switching between transmitters for a single UE 115, and efficiently allocate different transmitters to different UE 115s to efficiently avoid interference between different waveform types as a result of such an arrangement or configuration of various transmitters. For example, by activating and deactivating one or more transmitters for a UE 115 within a set of transmitters configured for that UE 115, the base station 105 can avoid allocating resources to communications via one waveform type that is likely to be affected by (or cause interference to) other communications as a result of waveform types, sets of communication parameters, or resource allocation associated with other communications.

[0136] Figure 4 shows an example of a process flow 400 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The process flow 400 may or may be implemented to realize an aspect of a wireless communication system 100, a wireless communication system 200, or a communication timeline 300. For example, the process flow 400 shows communication between a UE 115-b and a base station 105-b, which may be an example of the corresponding device described herein, including by reference to Figures 1 to 3. In some examples, the base station 105-b may constitute a set of transmitters through which multiple UE 115-b communicate with the base station 105-b to organize or pre-configure waveform-specific communications over different sets of time resources or frequency resources.

[0137] In the following description of process flow 400, actions may be performed in an order different from the order shown (e.g., reported or provided), or actions performed by UE115-b and base station 105-b may be performed in a different order or at different times. For example, certain actions may also be omitted from process flow 400, or other actions may be added to process flow 400. Furthermore, some actions or signaling may be shown as occurring at different times for the sake of discussion, but these actions may actually occur simultaneously.

[0138] In 405, UE115-b may receive an SIB from base station 105-b that includes the configuration of the initial transmitter. In some examples, UE115-b and base station 105-b may communicate using the initial transmitter until UE115-b is configured with or receives an activation signaling associated with another transmitter. In some embodiments, the initial transmitter may include different time or frequency resources than other transmitters that may be configured in UE115-b and may be associated with a designated or specified waveform type.

[0139] In 410, UE115-b may send a capability message to base station 105-b indicating the set of waveform types that UE115-b can use. In some examples, UE115-b may receive a configuration of the transmitter set based on or in accordance with the set of waveform types that UE115-b can use.

[0140] In 415, UE115-b may receive instructions from base station 105-b for a set of transmitters, each containing a different set of time resources, or a different set of frequency resources, or both. In some examples, the instructions for the set of transmitters associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type, and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. In some embodiments, the set of transmitters configured by base station 105-b for UE115-b may be based on, or conform to, a set of waveform types available to UE115-b.

[0141] In 420, UE115-b may receive instructions for a default transmitter in the set of transmitters. In some examples, the default transmitter may be a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type. In some implementations, UE115-b and base station 105-b may treat the default transmitter as a fallback transmitter so that UE115-b and base station 105-b can communicate via the default transmitter if other transmitters in the set of transmitters configured in UE115-b are inactive.

[0142] In 425, the UE115-b and the base station 105-b may communicate via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. For example, the UE115-b and the base station 105-b may communicate using the first transmitter (e.g., the default transmitter) prior to the activation of other transmitters in the set of transmitters configured in the UE115-b.

[0143] In 430, UE115-b may receive an activation message from base station 105-b for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters. In some examples, the one or more transmitters associated with the activation message may include a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0144] In 435, in some implementations, UE115-b may receive a duration instruction for a timer associated with one or more transmitters activated by an activation message. In such implementations, where UE115-b receives a timer duration instruction, UE115-b may determine that one or more transmitters may be active for the duration of the timer and inactive after the timer expires.

[0145] In 440, UE115-b and base station 105-b may communicate via a second transmitter during a second time period following a first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type. In some examples, UE115-b and base station 105-b may switch from communicating via the first transmitter to communicating via the second transmitter based on, or as a result of, receiving an activation message for one or more transmitters, including the second transmitter.

[0146] In 445, in some implementations, the UE115-b may receive deactivation messages for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters. In such implementations, the UE115-b may deactivate one or more transmitters upon receiving the deactivation message or after some delay measured from the receipt of the deactivation message.

[0147] In 450, the UE115-b may, in some implementations, detect that a timer (whose duration is signaled in 435) has expired. In such implementations, the UE115-b may deactivate one or more transmitters when it detects that the timer has expired.

[0148] At 455, UE115-b can switch from communicating with base station 105-b via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with base station 105-b via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type or a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type. In some examples, UE115-b and base station 105-b can switch from the second transmitter as a result of receiving a deactivation message at 445 or detecting that a timer has expired at 450. In some examples, UE115-b and base station 105-b can switch to the first transmitter (e.g., the default transmitter) if no other transmitters remain active, or to the third transmitter if the third transmitter is another transmitter in the set of transmitters configured for UE115-b that remains active.

[0149] Figure 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. Device 505 may be an example of an aspect of UE115 as described herein. Device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. Device 505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with one another (for example, via one or more buses).

[0150] The receiver 510 may provide means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof, related to various information channels (e.g., control channel, data channel, waveform-specific information channel for the transmitter). The information may be passed to other components of device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0151] The transmitter 515 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets related to various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, waveform-specific information channels), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be placed juxtaposed with the receiver 510 within the transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0152] The communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various embodiments of the waveform-specific transmitter described herein. For example, the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0153] In some examples, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (for example, in communications management circuits). The hardware may consist of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or means for performing the functions described herein, or optionally any combination thereof supporting such means. In some examples, the processor and memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (for example, by having the processor execute instructions stored in memory).

[0154] As an addition or alternative, in some examples, the communications manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented within code executed by a processor (for example, as communications management software or firmware). When implemented within code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, central processing unit (CPU), ASIC, FPGA, or any combination of those or other programmable logic devices (for example, configured as means for performing the functions described herein, or optionally supporting such means).

[0155] In some examples, the communications manager 520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using, or possibly in cooperation with, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510 and transmit information to the transmitter 515, or may be integrated with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0156] The communication manager 520 may support wireless communication in the UE in accordance with the examples described herein. For example, the communication manager 520 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources or frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources or frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The communication manager 520 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with the base station via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The communication manager 520 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with the base station via a second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0157] By including or configuring a communications manager 520 in accordance with the examples described herein, the device 505 (for example, a processor controlling a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, a communications manager 520, or a combination thereof, or optionally coupled thereto) can support techniques for reducing processing load, reducing power consumption, and making more efficient use of communications resources.

[0158] Figure 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a device 605 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. Device 605 may be an example of an aspect of device 505 or UE115 as described herein. Device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communications manager 620. Device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with one another (for example, via one or more buses).

[0159] The receiver 610 may provide means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof, related to various information channels (e.g., control channel, data channel, waveform-specific information channel for the transmitter). The information may be passed to other components of device 605. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0160] Transmitter 615 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 605. For example, transmitter 615 may transmit information such as packets related to various information channels (e.g., control channel, data channel, waveform-specific information channel), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 615 may be placed juxtaposed with receiver 610 within the transceiver module. Transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0161] Device 605 or its various components may be examples of means for performing various embodiments of the waveform-specific transmitters described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include transmitter component 625, transmitter communications component 630, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 620 may be an example of an embodiment of the communications manager 520 described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 620 or its various components may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using, or possibly in cooperation with, the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both. For example, the communications manager 620 may receive information from the receiver 610 and transmit information to the transmitter 615, or may be integrated with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations described herein.

[0162] The communication manager 620 may support wireless communication in the UE in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. The transmitter component 625 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The transmitter communication component 630 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with a base station via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The transmitter communication component 630 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with a base station via a second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0163] Figure 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a communications manager 720 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The communications manager 720 may be an example of an aspect of the communications manager 520, communications manager 620, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 720 or various components thereof may be an example of means for implementing various aspects of the waveform-specific transmitter described herein. For example, the communications manager 720 may include a transmitter component 725, a transmitter communications component 730, a system information component 735, an activation component 740, a communications timeline component 745, a resource authorization component 750, a switching gap component 755, a deactivation component 760, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate with one another directly or indirectly (for example, via one or more buses).

[0164] The communication manager 720 may support wireless communication in the UE in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. The transmitter component 725 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The transmitter communication component 730 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with a base station via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 730 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with a base station via a second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0165] In some examples, the system information component 735 may be configured, or may support, a means for receiving an SIB including an initial transmitter configuration different from that of the first and second transmitters, wherein the SIB may be configured, or may support, a means for receiving an SIB that associates the initial transmitter with an initial waveform type, which may be a first waveform type, a second waveform type, or a third waveform type. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 730 may be configured, or may support, a means for communicating with a base station via the initial transmitter via signaling based on the initial waveform type prior to a first time period.

[0166] In some examples, the transmitter component 725 is a means for receiving instructions for a default transmitter of a set of transmitters, the default transmitter includes a first transmitter, and communication with a base station via the first transmitter during a first time period may be configured, or may support, that receiving instructions for the default transmitter.

[0167] In some examples, the activation component 740 is a means for receiving activation messages from a base station for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters including a second transmitter, and communication via the second transmitter associated with a second waveform type may be configured, or may support, a means for receiving activation messages.

[0168] In some examples, the deactivation component 760 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for receiving deactivation messages from a base station for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 730 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for switching, based on the deactivation message, from communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or communicating with the base station via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0169] In some examples, the deactivation component 760 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for receiving instructions from a base station regarding the duration of a timer associated with one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 730 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for switching, based on the expiration of a timer, from communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or communicating with the base station via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0170] In some examples, the first and second transmitters are active in parallel for the UE.

[0171] In some examples, the set of transmitters may include a set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a set of uplink-specific communication parameters. In some examples, the set of transmitters may include a set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters.

[0172] In some examples, each transmitter in a set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communications. In some examples, the instruction associates each transmitter in a set of transmitters with the respective set of communication parameters that are common to both uplink and downlink communications.

[0173] In some examples, at least one of the first and second transmitters is temporally discontinuous. In such examples, to support communication with a base station via the first or second transmitter, the communication timeline component 745 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for communicating according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0174] In some examples, at least one of the first and second transmitters is temporally discontinuous. In such examples, to support communication with a base station via the first or second transmitter, the communication timeline component 745 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0175] In some examples, the resource authorization component 750 may be configured, or may support, a means for receiving authorization from a base station for a transmitting resource outside one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters. In some examples, the resource authorization component 750 may be configured, or may support, a means for communicating with a base station via a transmitting resource outside one or more active transmitters based on authorization.

[0176] In some examples, the resource authorization component 750 may be configured, or may support, a means for receiving authorization from the base station for a transmitting resource outside one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters. In some examples, the resource authorization component 750 may be configured, or may support, a means for refraining from communicating with the base station via a transmitting resource outside one or more active transmitters based on authorization.

[0177] In some examples, the switching gap component 755 may be configured, or may optionally support, for receiving from a base station configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitters in a set of transmitters. In some examples, the switching gap component 755 may be configured, or may optionally support, for switching, during a switching gap of one or more switching gaps, from communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type to communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform gap.

[0178] In some examples, the transmitter component 725 is a means for transmitting a capability message to a base station indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, and the instruction of the set of transmitters may be configured as a means for transmitting based on the capability message, or may support such configuration.

[0179] In some examples, each set of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitters of a set of transmitters may be discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

[0180] In some examples, the first waveform type includes a first waveform from among a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or a multi-carrier waveform. In some examples, the second waveform type includes a second waveform from among a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or a multi-carrier waveform.

[0181] Figure 8 shows a diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter, according to an aspect of the present disclosure. Device 805 may be an example of, or include, a component of, device 505, device 605, or UE 115 as described herein. Device 805 may communicate wirelessly with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 805 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller 810, a transceiver 815, an antenna 825, a memory 830, a code 835, and a processor 840. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (e.g., bus 845) or may be coupled (e.g., operably, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically).

[0182] The I / O controller 810 may manage input and output signals for device 805. The I / O controller 810 may also manage peripheral devices not integrated with device 805. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may represent physical connections or ports to external peripheral devices. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, the I / O controller 810 may represent, or interact with, a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as processor 840. In some cases, a user may interact with device 805 via the I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 810.

[0183] In some cases, device 805 may include a single antenna 825. However, in some other cases, device 805 may have two or more antennas 825 that may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 815 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 825, a wired link, or a wireless link, as described herein. For example, transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 815 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission, and for demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 825. Transceiver 815, or transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825, may be examples of transmitters 515, transmitters 615, receivers 510, receivers 610, or any combination thereof or their components, as described herein.

[0184] Memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 830 may store computer-readable computer-executable code 835, which, when executed by processor 840, includes instructions that cause device 805 to perform various functions described herein. Code 835 may be stored in a non-temporary computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 835 may not be directly executable by processor 840, but (for example, when compiled and executed) can cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, memory 830 may include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that can control basic hardware or software operations, such as interactions with peripheral components or peripheral devices, among other things.

[0185] The processor 840 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 840. The processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 830) to cause device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting waveform-specific transmitters). For example, device 805 or components of device 805 may include the processor 840 and memory 830 coupled to the processor 840, and the processor 840 and memory 830 may be configured to perform various functions described herein.

[0186] The communication manager 820 may support wireless communication in the UE in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The communication manager 820 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with the base station via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The communication manager 820 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with the base station via a second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0187] By including or configuring a communications manager 820 in accordance with the examples described herein, device 805 may support techniques for improving communication reliability, reducing latency, improving user experience related to reduced processing, reducing power consumption, more efficient use of communications resources, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, and improved utilization of processing power.

[0188] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using, or possibly in cooperation with, the transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 820 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 820 may be supported or performed by the processor 840, memory 830, code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, code 835 may include instructions executable by the processor 840 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of the waveform-specific transmitter described herein, or the processor 840 and memory 830 may be configured to perform or support such operations.

[0189] Figure 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. Device 905 may be an example of an embodiment of a base station 105 as described herein. Device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. Device 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with one another (for example, via one or more buses).

[0190] The receiver 910 may provide means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof, related to various information channels (e.g., control channel, data channel, waveform-specific information channel for the transmitter). The information may be passed to other components of device 905. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0191] The transmitter 915 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may transmit information such as packets related to various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, waveform-specific information channels), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 915 may be placed juxtaposed with the receiver 910 within the transceiver module. The transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0192] The communication manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various embodiments of the waveform-specific transmitter described herein. For example, the communication manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0193] In some examples, the communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (for example, in a communications management circuit configuration). The hardware may include a processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as a means for performing the functions described herein, or optionally supporting them. In some examples, the processor and memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (for example, by the processor executing instructions stored in memory).

[0194] As an addition or alternative, in some examples, the communications manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented within code executed by a processor (for example, as communications management software or firmware). When implemented within code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or any combination thereof or other programmable logic device (for example, configured as a means for performing the functions described herein, or optionally supporting such means).

[0195] In some examples, the communications manager 920 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using, or possibly in cooperation with, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910 and transmit information to the transmitter 915, or may be integrated with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0196] The communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at a base station in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for transmitting instructions for a set of transmitters to a UE, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for transmitting instructions to associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The communication manager 920 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with the UE via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The communication manager 920 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with the UE via a second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0197] By including or configuring a communications manager 920 in accordance with the examples described herein, the device 905 (for example, a processor controlling a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, a communications manager 920, or a combination thereof, or optionally coupled thereto) can support techniques for reducing power consumption and for more efficient use of communications resources.

[0198] Figure 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. Device 1005 may be an example of an aspect of device 905 or base station 105 as described herein. Device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a transmitter 1015, and a communications manager 1020. Device 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with one another (for example, via one or more buses).

[0199] Receiver 1010 may provide means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof, related to various information channels (e.g., control channel, data channel, waveform-specific information channel for the transmitter). The information may be passed to other components of device 1005. Receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0200] Transmitter 1015 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1005. For example, transmitter 1015 may transmit information such as packets related to various information channels (e.g., control channel, data channel, waveform-specific information channel), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1015 may be collated with receiver 1010 within a transceiver module. Transmitter 1015 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0201] Device 1005 or its various components may be examples of means for performing various embodiments of the waveform-specific transmitter described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include the transmitter component 1025, the transmitter communications component 1030, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of an embodiment of the communications manager 920 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 1020 or its various components may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using, or possibly in cooperation with, the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both. For example, the communications manager 1020 may receive information from the receiver 1010 and transmit information to the transmitter 1015, or may be integrated with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0202] The communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at a base station in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. The transmitter component 1025 is a means for transmitting instructions for a set of transmitters to the UE, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions may be configured, or may optionally support, for transmitting instructions that associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The transmitter communication component 1030 may be configured, or may optionally support, for communicating with the UE via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The transmitter communication component 1030 may be configured, or may optionally support, for communicating with the UE via a second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0203] Figure 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a communications manager 1120 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1120 may be an example of an aspect of communications manager 920, communications manager 1020, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1120 or various components thereof may be an example of means for implementing various aspects of the waveform-specific transmitter described herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 may include a transmitter component 1125, a transmitter communication component 1130, a system information component 1135, an activation component 1140, a communications timeline component 1145, a resource authorization component 1150, a switching gap component 1155, a deactivation component 1160, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate with one another directly or indirectly (for example, via one or more buses).

[0204] The communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at a base station in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. The transmitter component 1125 is a means for transmitting instructions for a set of transmitters to the UE, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions may be configured, or may optionally support, means for transmitting to associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The transmitter communication component 1130 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for communicating with the UE via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 1130 may be configured, or may support, a means for communicating with the UE via a second transmitter during a second time period following a first time period, via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0205] In some examples, the system information component 1135 may be configured, or may support, a means for transmitting an SIB including an initial transmitter configuration different from that of the first and second transmitters, wherein the SIB is transmitted by associating the initial transmitter with an initial waveform type which may be a first waveform type, a second waveform type, or a third waveform type. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 1130 may be configured, or may support, a means for communicating with the UE via the initial transmitter via signaling based on the initial waveform type prior to a first time period.

[0206] In some examples, the transmitter component 1125 is a means for transmitting instructions for a default transmitter of a set of transmitters, the default transmitter includes a first transmitter, and communication with the UE via the first transmitter during a first time period may be configured, or may support, a means for transmitting based on the instructions for the default transmitter.

[0207] In some examples, the activation component 1140 is a means for sending an activation message to one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters including a second transmitter, wherein communication via the second transmitter associated with a second waveform type may be configured, or may optionally support, a means for sending an activation message.

[0208] In some examples, the deactivation component 1160 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for sending a deactivation message to one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters to the UE. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 1130 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for switching, based on sending a deactivation message, to communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type, to communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or to communicating with the UE via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0209] In some examples, the deactivation component 1160 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for transmitting a duration instruction for a timer associated with one or more transmitters to the UE, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires. In some examples, the transmitter communication component 1130 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for switching, based on the timer expires, from communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or communicating with the UE via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0210] In some examples, the first and second transmitters are active in parallel for the UE.

[0211] In some examples, the set of transmitters may include a set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a set of uplink-specific communication parameters. In some examples, the set of transmitters may include a set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters.

[0212] In some examples, each transmitter in a set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communications. In some examples, the instruction associates each transmitter in a set of transmitters with the respective set of communication parameters that are common to both uplink and downlink communications.

[0213] In some examples, at least one of the first and second transmitters is temporally discontinuous. In such examples, to support communication with the UE via the first or second transmitter, the communication timeline component 1145 may be configured, or may optionally support, means for communicating according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0214] In some examples, at least one of the first and second transmitters is temporally discontinuous. In such examples, to support communication with the UE via the first or second transmitter, the communication timeline component 1145 may be configured, or may optionally support, a means for communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first and second transmitters.

[0215] In some examples, the resource authorization component 1150 may be configured, or may support, a means for sending authorization to the UE for a transmitting resource outside of one or more active transmitters in a set of transmitters. In some examples, the resource authorization component 1150 may be configured, or may support, a means for communicating with the UE via a transmitting resource outside of one or more active transmitters based on authorization.

[0216] In some examples, the switching gap component 1155 may be configured, or may optionally support, for transmitting to the UE one or more switching gaps or one or more guard band configurations between each pair of transmitters in a set of transmitters. In some examples, the switching gap component 1155 may be configured, or may optionally support, for switching during one or more switching gaps from communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type to communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0217] In some examples, the transmitter component 1125 is a means for receiving capability messages from the UE indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, and the instruction of the transmitter set may be configured as a means for receiving, or may support, that is based on capability messages.

[0218] In some examples, each set of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitters of a set of transmitters may be discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

[0219] In some examples, the first waveform type includes a first waveform from among a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or a multi-carrier waveform. In some examples, the second waveform type includes a second waveform from among a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or a multi-carrier waveform.

[0220] Figure 12 shows a diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter, according to an aspect of the present disclosure. Device 1205 may be an example of, or include, a component of, device 905, device 1005, or base station 105 as described herein. Device 1205 may communicate wirelessly with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1205 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1220, a network communications manager 1210, a transceiver 1215, an antenna 1225, a memory 1230, a code 1235, a processor 1240, and an inter-station communications manager 1245. These components may communicate electronically or, in some cases, be coupled (e.g., operably, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1250).

[0221] The network communication manager 1210 may manage communication with the core network 130 (for example, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1210 may manage the transfer of data communications for one or more client devices such as UE 115.

[0222] In some cases, device 1205 may include a single antenna 1225. However, in some other cases, device 1205 may have two or more antennas 1225 that may be capable of simultaneously transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1215 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1225, a wired link, or a wireless link, as described herein. For example, transceiver 1215 may represent a wireless transceiver and communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1215 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1225 for transmission, and for demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1225. Transceiver 1215, or transceiver 1215 and one or more antennas 1225, may be examples of transmitters 915, transmitters 1015, receivers 910, receivers 1010, or any combination thereof or their components, as described herein.

[0223] Memory 1230 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1230 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1235, which, when executed by processor 1240, includes instructions that cause device 1205 to perform various functions described herein. Code 1235 may be stored in a non-temporary computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1235 may not be directly executable by processor 1240, but (for example, when compiled and executed) may cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1230 may include a BIOS that can control basic hardware or software operations, such as interactions with peripheral components or peripheral devices, among other things.

[0224] The processor 1240 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1240 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1240. The processor 1240 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1230) to cause device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting waveform-specific transmitters). For example, device 1205 or components of device 1205 may include the processor 1240 and memory 1230 coupled to the processor 1240, and the processor 1240 and memory 1230 may be configured to perform various functions described herein.

[0225] The inter-station communication manager 1245 may manage communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for coordinating communication with the UE 115 in cooperation with other base stations 105. For example, the inter-station communication manager 1245 may coordinate scheduling for transmissions to the UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-station communication manager 1245 may provide an X2 interface within the LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology for communication between base stations 105.

[0226] The communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication at a base station in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for transmitting instructions for a set of transmitters to a UE, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for transmitting, such that a first transmitter in the set of transmitters is associated with a first waveform type and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters is associated with a second waveform type. The communication manager 1220 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with a UE via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The communication manager 1220 may be configured, or may optionally support, as a means for communicating with a UE via a second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type.

[0227] By including or configuring a communications manager 1220 in accordance with the examples described herein, device 1205 may support techniques for improving communication reliability, reducing latency, improving user experience related to reduced processing, reducing power consumption, more efficient use of communications resources, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, and improved utilization of processing power.

[0228] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using, or possibly in cooperation with, the transceiver 1215, one or more antennas 1225, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1220 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1220 may be supported or performed by the processor 1240, memory 1230, code 1235, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1235 may include instructions executable by the processor 1240 to cause the device 1205 to perform various aspects of a waveform-specific transmitter as described herein, or the processor 1240 and memory 1230 may be configured to perform or support such operations.

[0229] Figure 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The operation of method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1300 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to Figures 1 to 8. In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the functions described using dedicated hardware.

[0230] In 1305, the method may include receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The operation of 1305 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1305 may be performed by a transmitter component 725 as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0231] In 1310, the method may include the step of communicating with a base station via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The operation of 1310 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1310 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 730 as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0232] In 1315, the method may include the step of communicating with a base station via a second transmitter during a second time period following a first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type. The operation of 1315 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1315 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 730 as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0233] Figure 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The operation of method 1400 may be implemented by the UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1400 may be performed by UE 115 as described with reference to Figures 1 to 8. In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the functions described using dedicated hardware.

[0234] In 1405, the method may include receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The operation of 1405 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1405 may be performed by a transmitter component 725 as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0235] In 1410, the method may include the step of communicating with a base station via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The operation of 1410 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1410 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 730 as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0236] In 1415, the method may include the step of receiving an activation message from a base station for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters including a second transmitter. The operation of 1415 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1415 may be performed by an activation component 740 as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0237] In 1420, the method may include the step of communicating with a base station via a second transmitter during a second time period following a first time period, at least in part, based on an activation message and signaling based on a second waveform type. The operation of 1420 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1420 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 730, as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0238] Figure 15 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The operation of method 1500 may be implemented by a base station or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1500 may be performed by a base station 105 as described with reference to Figures 1-4 and 9-12. In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions for controlling the base station's functional elements to perform the functions described. In addition or alternatively, the base station may perform aspects of the functions described using dedicated hardware.

[0239] In 1505, the method may include the step of transmitting an instruction to the UE for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instruction associates a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The operation of 1505 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1505 may be performed by a transmitter component 1125 as described with reference to Figure 11.

[0240] In 1510, the method may include the step of communicating with the UE via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The operation of 1510 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1510 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 1130 as described with reference to Figure 11.

[0241] In 1515, the method may include the step of communicating with the UE via a second transmitter during a second time period following a first time period via signaling based on a second waveform type. The operation of 1515 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1515 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 1130 as described with reference to Figure 11.

[0242] Figure 16 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 supporting a waveform-specific transmitter according to an aspect of this disclosure. The operation of method 1600 may be implemented by a base station or its components, as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1600 may be performed by a base station 105, as described with reference to Figures 1-4 and 9-12. In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions for controlling the base station's functional elements to perform the functions described. In addition or alternatively, the base station may perform aspects of the functions described using dedicated hardware.

[0243] In 1605, the method may include the step of transmitting an instruction to the UE for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instruction associates a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The operation of 1605 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1605 may be performed by a transmitter component 1125 as described with reference to Figure 11.

[0244] In 1610, the method may include the step of communicating with the UE via a first transmitter during a first time period via signaling based on a first waveform type. The operation of 1610 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1610 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 1130 as described with reference to Figure 11.

[0245] In 1615, the method may include the step of sending an activation message to the UE to one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters including a second transmitter. The operation of 1615 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1615 may be performed by an activation component 1140 as described with reference to Figure 11.

[0246] In 1620, the method may include the step of communicating with the UE via a second transmitter during a second time period following a first time period, at least in part, based on an activation message and signaling based on a second waveform type. The operation of 1620 may be performed according to examples such as those disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1620 may be performed by a transmitter communication component 1130, as described with reference to Figure 11.

[0247] The following provides an overview of the aspects of this disclosure.

[0248] Embodiment 1: A method for wireless communication in a UE, comprising the steps of: receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each including a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources is different for each transmitter of the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; communicating with the base station via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling at least partially based on the first waveform type; and communicating with the base station via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling at least partially based on the second waveform type.

[0249] Embodiment 2: The method of Embodiment 1, further comprising the steps of receiving an SIB including an initial transmitter configuration different from that of a first transmitter and a second transmitter, wherein the SIB associates the initial transmitter with an initial waveform type including a first waveform type, a second waveform type, or a third waveform type; and communicating with a base station via the initial transmitter via signaling at least partially based on the initial waveform type before a first time period.

[0250] Embodiment 3: The method of either Embodiment 1 or 2, further comprising the step of receiving instructions for a default transmitter of a set of transmitters, wherein the default transmitter includes a first transmitter, and the step of communicating with a base station via the first transmitter during a first time period is at least partially based on the instructions for the default transmitter.

[0251] Embodiment 4: A method of any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, further comprising the step of receiving an activation message from a base station for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters including a second transmitter, wherein the step of communicating via the second transmitter associated with a second waveform type is at least partially based on the activation message.

[0252] Embodiment 5: The method of Embodiment 4, further comprising the steps of receiving a deactivation message from a base station for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters, and switching, at least in part, to communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type, to communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or to communicating with the base station via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0253] Embodiment 6: The method of Embodiment 4 or 5, further comprising the steps of receiving from a base station an instruction for the duration of a timer associated with one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters, wherein one or more transmitters are each deactivated for the UE when the timer expires; and switching, at least in part, based on the expiration of the timer, from a step of communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to a step of communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or a step of communicating with the base station via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0254] Embodiment 7: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the first transmitter and the second transmitter are active in parallel for the UE.

[0255] Embodiment 8: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the set of transmitters includes a set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a first set of uplink-specific communication parameters and a set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters.

[0256] Embodiment 9: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 7, wherein each transmitter in the set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communications, and the instruction associates each transmitter in the set of transmitters with the respective set of communication parameters common to uplink and downlink communications.

[0257] Embodiment 10: A method of any one of Embodiments 1 to 9, wherein at least one of a first transmitter and a second transmitter is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with a base station via the first transmitter or the second transmitter includes the step of communicating according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first transmitter and second transmitter.

[0258] Embodiment 11: A method of any embodiment 1 to 9, wherein at least one of the first transmitter and the second transmitter is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with a base station via the first transmitter or the second transmitter includes the step of communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first transmitter and the second transmitter.

[0259] Embodiment 12: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 11, further comprising the steps of receiving permission from a base station for a transmission resource outside one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters, and communicating with the base station via the transmission resource located outside one or more active transmitters, at least in part, based on the permission.

[0260] Embodiment 13: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 11, further comprising the steps of receiving permission from a base station for a transmission resource outside one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters, and refraining from communicating with the base station via the transmission resource located outside one or more active transmitters, at least in part, based on the permission.

[0261] Embodiment 14: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 13, each comprising the steps of receiving from a base station the configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitters in a set of transmitters, and switching from a step of communicating with the base station via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type in one or more switching gaps to a step of communicating with the base station via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0262] Embodiment 15: A method of any embodiment 1 to 14, further comprising the step of transmitting a capability message to a base station indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, wherein the instruction of the set of transmitters is at least partially based on the capability message.

[0263] Embodiment 16: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 15, wherein each set of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitters of the set of transmitters is discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

[0264] Embodiment 17: Any method of Embodiments 1 to 16, wherein the first waveform type includes a first waveform selected from a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or an OFDM waveform, and the second waveform type includes a second waveform selected from a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or an OFDM waveform.

[0265] Embodiment 18: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising the steps of: transmitting an instruction to a UE for a set of transmitters, each including a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources is different for each transmitter of the set of transmitters, and the instruction associates a first transmitter of the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter of the set of transmitters with a second waveform type; communicating with the UE via the first transmitter during a first time period via signaling at least partially based on the first waveform type; and communicating with the UE via the second transmitter during a second time period following the first time period via signaling at least partially based on the second waveform type.

[0266] Embodiment 19: The method of Embodiment 18, comprising the steps of transmitting an SIB including an initial transmitter configuration different from that of a first transmitter and a second transmitter, wherein the SIB associates the initial transmitter with an initial waveform type including a first waveform type, a second waveform type, or a third waveform type; and communicating with a UE via the initial transmitter via signaling at least partially based on the initial waveform type before a first time period.

[0267] Embodiment 20: The method of Embodiment 18 or 19, further comprising the step of transmitting instructions for a default transmitter of a set of transmitters, wherein the default transmitter includes a first transmitter, and the step of communicating with a UE via the first transmitter during a first time period is at least partially based on the instructions for the default transmitter.

[0268] Embodiment 21: A method of any of Embodiments 18 to 20, comprising the step of transmitting an activation message to a UE for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters including a second transmitter, further comprising the step of transmitting, which is at least partially based on the activation message, via the second transmitter associated with a second waveform type.

[0269] Embodiment 22: The method of Embodiment 21, further comprising the steps of sending a deactivation message to the UE for one or more transmitters of a set of transmitters, and switching, at least in part, on sending the deactivation message, from communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or communicating with the UE via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0270] Embodiment 23: A method of Embodiment 21 or 22, further comprising the steps of transmitting an instruction for the duration of a timer associated with one or more transmitters to a UE, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires; and switching, at least in part, based on the expiration of the timer, from a step of communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type to a step of communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, or a step of communicating with the UE via a third transmitter associated with a third waveform type.

[0271] Embodiment 24: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 23, wherein the first transmitter and the second transmitter are active in parallel for the UE.

[0272] Embodiment 25: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 24, wherein the set of transmitters includes a set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a first set of uplink-specific communication parameters and a set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters.

[0273] Embodiment 26: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 24, wherein each transmitter in the set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communications, and the instruction associates each transmitter in the set of transmitters with the respective set of communication parameters shared by uplink and downlink communications.

[0274] Embodiment 27: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 26, wherein at least one of the first transmitter and the second transmitter is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with the UE via the first transmitter or the second transmitter includes the step of communicating according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first transmitter and the second transmitter.

[0275] Embodiment 28: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 26, wherein at least one of the first transmitter and the second transmitter is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with the UE via the first transmitter or the second transmitter includes the step of communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the temporally discontinuous first transmitter and the second transmitter.

[0276] Embodiment 29: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 28, further comprising the steps of sending a permission to the UE for a transmission resource outside one or more active transmitters of a set of transmitters, and communicating with the UE via the transmission resource located outside one or more active transmitters, at least in part, based on the permission.

[0277] Embodiment 30: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 29, each comprising the steps of transmitting to the UE one or more switching gaps or one or more guard band configurations between each pair of transmitters in a set of transmitters, and switching from communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type to communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type in one or more switching gaps.

[0278] Embodiment 31: A method of any embodiment 18 to 30, further comprising the step of receiving a capability message from a UE indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, wherein the instruction of the set of transmitters is at least partially based on the capability message.

[0279] Embodiment 32: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 31, wherein each set of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitters of the set of transmitters is discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

[0280] Embodiment 33: Any method of Embodiments 18 to 32, wherein the first waveform type includes a first waveform selected from a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or an OFDM waveform, and the second waveform type includes a second waveform selected from a single-carrier frequency-domain waveform, a single-carrier time-domain waveform, or an OFDM waveform.

[0281] Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication in a UE, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory, the instructions being executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform any of the methods of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0282] Aspect 35: An apparatus for wireless communication in a UE, comprising at least one means for performing any of the methods of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0283] Aspect 36: A non - transitory computer - readable medium storing code for wireless communication in a UE, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform any of the methods from Aspect 1 to 17.

[0284] Aspect 37: An apparatus for wireless communication in a base station, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory, the instructions being executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform any of the methods of Aspects 18 to 33.

[0285] Aspect 38: An apparatus for wireless communication in a base station, comprising at least one means for performing any of the methods of Aspects 18 to 33.

[0286] Aspect 39: A non - transitory computer - readable medium storing code for wireless communication in a base station, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform any of the methods of Aspects 18 to 33.

[0287] Note that the methods described herein are illustrative of possible implementations, that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of these methods may be combined.

[0288] While embodiments of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described as examples, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used extensively in the description, the techniques described herein are applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems such as Ultra-Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and wireless technologies not expressly described herein.

[0289] The information and signals described herein can be represented using a wide variety of technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout this description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0290] The various exemplary blocks and components described in this disclosure may be implemented or run using general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, CPUs, FPGAs or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, a processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0291] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the accompanying claims. For example, due to the nature of the software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features implementing the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0292] Computer-readable media include both non-temporary computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one location to another. Non-temporary storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general-purpose or dedicated computer. Examples, rather than limitations, of non-temporary computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-temporary media that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures, and can be accessed by a general-purpose or dedicated computer or general-purpose or dedicated processor. Any connection is also appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, the terms "disk" and "disc" include CDs, laserdiscs, optical discs, digital multipurpose discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray® discs, where a disk typically reproduces data magnetically and a disc reproduces data optically using a laser. Combinations of these terms are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0293] When used herein, including within the claims, “or” as used in an enumeration of items (for example, an enumeration of items beginning with a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of”) indicates an inclusive enumeration, such as the enumeration “at least one of A, B, or C” meaning A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, the phrase “based on” as used herein should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step described as “based on condition A” may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, the phrase “based on” as used herein should be construed in the same way as the phrase “at least partially based on.”

[0294] The term “decide” or “to decide” encompasses a wide range of actions, and therefore “deciding” can include calculating, calculating, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (for example, searching in a table, database, or other data structure), confirming, etc. It can also include receiving (such as receiving information), accessing (such as accessing data in memory), etc. Furthermore, it can include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or other similar actions.

[0295] In the attached diagrams, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Furthermore, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label that distinguishes similar components. When only the first reference label is used herein, the description is applicable to any similar component having the same first reference label, regardless of the second reference label or any other subsequent reference labels.

[0296] The descriptions provided herein with respect to the accompanying drawings describe exemplary configurations and do not necessarily represent all examples that may be implemented or that fall within the scope of the claims. The term “exemplary” as used herein means “acting as an example, case, or illustration,” and does not mean “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples.” Detailed descriptions include specific details to facilitate understanding of the techniques described. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the examples described.

[0297] The descriptions herein are provided to enable those skilled in the art to create or use this disclosure. Various modifications of this disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Accordingly, this disclosure should be given the broadest scope that is consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein, and is not limited to the examples and designs described herein. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0298] 100 Wireless Communication Systems 105 Base station 105-a base station 110 Geographic Coverage Areas 115 UE 115-a UE 120 backhaul links 125 Communication Link 130 Core Network 135 D2D communication link 140 Access Network Entities 145 Access Network Transmitting Entities 200 Wireless Communication Systems 205 Communication Link 210 First transmitting unit 215 Second transmitting section 220 Third transmitting section 300 Process Flow 305 First Transmitter 310 Second Transmitter 315 Third Transmitter 320 Fourth Transmitter 325 Fifth Transmitter 330 Sixth Transmitter 400 Process Flow 500 Block Diagram 505 Device 510 Receiver 515 Transmitter 520 Communication Manager 600 Block Diagram 605 Device 610 Receiver 615 Transmitter 620 Communication Manager 625 Transmitter Component Composition 630 Transmitter Communication Component 700 Block Diagram 720 Communication Manager 725 Transmitter Component Composition 730 Transmitter Communication Component 735 System Information Component 740 Activation Component 745 Communication Timeline Component 750 Resource Permission Component 755 Switching Gap Component 760 Deactivation Component 800 System 805 Device 810 Input / Output (I / O) Controller 815 Transceiver 820 Communication Manager 825 Antenna 830 Memory 835 Code 840 Processor 845 Bus 900 Block Diagram 905 Device 910 Receiver 915 Transmitter 920 Communications Manager 1000 Block Diagram 1005 devices 1010 Receiver 1015 Transmitter 1020 Communications Manager 1025 Transmitter Unit Components 1030 Transmitter Communication Components 1100 Block Diagram 1120 Communications Manager 1125 Transmitter Unit Components 1130 Transmitter Communication Components 1135 System Information Components 1140 Activation Components 1145 Communication Timeline Components 1150 Resource Permission Components 1155 Switching Gap Components 1160 Deactivation Components 1200 System 1205 devices 1210 Network Communications Manager 1215 Transceiver 1220 Communications Manager 1225 Antenna 1230 memory 1235 Code 1240 processor 1245 Inter-station communications manager 1300 methods 1400 methods 1500 ways 1600 methods

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication in user equipment (UE), A step of receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each including a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and the frequency resources included in each set of the time resources and the frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type, and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The steps include communicating with the base station via the first transmitting unit during a first time period via signaling based at least partially on the first waveform type, The steps include: communicating with the base station via the second transmitting unit during a second time period following the first time period via signaling at least partially based on the second waveform type; Methods that include...

2. A step of receiving a system information block including a configuration of an initial transmission unit different from the first transmission unit and the second transmission unit, wherein the system information block associates the initial transmission unit with an initial waveform type including the first waveform type, the second waveform type, or the third waveform type. The steps include communicating with the base station via the initial transmitter via signaling at least partially based on the initial waveform type prior to the first time period, and The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. A receiving step of receiving instructions for the default transmitting unit of the set of transmitting units, wherein the default transmitting unit includes the first transmitting unit, and the receiving step of communicating with the base station via the first transmitting unit during the first time period is at least partially based on the instructions for the default transmitting unit. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

4. A step of receiving an activation message from the base station for one or more transmitters of the set of transmitters including the second transmitter, wherein the step of communicating via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type is at least partially based on the activation message. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

5. The steps include receiving a deactivation message from the base station for one or more of the sets of transmitters, A step of switching from a step of communicating with the base station via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type, based at least in part on the deactivation message, to a step of communicating with the base station via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or to a step of communicating with the base station via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type. The method according to claim 4, further comprising:

6. A step of receiving from the base station an instruction for the duration of a timer associated with one or more transmitters of the set of transmitters, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires; A step of switching from a step of communicating with the base station via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type, at least in part, based on the expiration of the timer, to a step of communicating with the base station via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or a step of communicating with the base station via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type. The method according to claim 4, further comprising:

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit are active in parallel for the UE.

8. The aforementioned set of the transmitting unit, A set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a set of uplink-specific communication parameters, A set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters and The method according to claim 1, including the method described in claim 1.

9. Each of the transmitters in the aforementioned set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communication. The instruction associates each of the transmitters in the set of transmitters with the respective sets of communication parameters common to the uplink and downlink communications. The method according to claim 1.

10. At least one of the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with the base station via the first transmitting unit or the second transmitting unit is The step involves communicating according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitting units, which are temporally discontinuous. The method according to claim 1, including the method described in claim 1.

11. At least one of the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with the base station via the first transmitting unit or the second transmitting unit is The step involves communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitting units, which are temporally discontinuous. The method according to claim 1, including the method described in claim 1.

12. The steps include receiving permission from the base station for one or more active transmitters of the set of transmitters to access external transmission resources, A step of communicating with the base station via the transmission resources located outside the one or more active transmission units, at least in part based on the aforementioned authorization. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

13. The steps include receiving permission from the base station for one or more active transmitters of the set of transmitters to access external transmission resources, A step of refraining from communicating with the base station via the transmission resources located outside the one or more active transmitters, at least in part based on the aforementioned permission. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

14. Each step of receiving from the base station the configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitting units in the set of transmitting units, During the switching gap of one or more of the switching gaps, a step of switching from a step of communicating with the base station via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type to a step of communicating with the base station via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

15. A step of transmitting a capability message to the base station indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, wherein the instruction of the transmission unit for the set is at least partially based on the capability message. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the sets of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitting unit of the set of transmitting units is discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

17. The first waveform type includes a first waveform among a single-carrier frequency domain waveform, a single-carrier time domain waveform, or a multi-carrier waveform. The second waveform type includes a second waveform among the single-carrier frequency domain waveform, the single-carrier time domain waveform, or the multi-carrier waveform. The method according to claim 1.

18. A method for wireless communication at a base station, A step of transmitting instructions to a user device (UE) for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources is different for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. The steps include communicating with the UE via the first transmitting unit during a first time period via signaling based at least partially on the first waveform type, The steps include communicating with the UE via the second transmitting unit during a second time period following the first time period, via signaling that is at least partially based on the second waveform type, and Methods that include...

19. A step of transmitting a system information block including a configuration of an initial transmission unit different from the first transmission unit and the second transmission unit, wherein the system information block associates the initial transmission unit with an initial waveform type including the first waveform type, the second waveform type, or the third waveform type. The steps include communicating with the UE via the initial transmitter via signaling at least partially based on the initial waveform type prior to the first time period, and The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

20. A step of transmitting instructions for the default transmitter of the set of transmitters, wherein the default transmitter includes the first transmitter, and the step of communicating with the UE via the first transmitter during a first time period is at least partially based on the instructions for the default transmitter. The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

21. A step of transmitting an activation message to one or more transmitters of the set of transmitters, including the second transmitter, to the UE, wherein the step of communicating via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type is at least partially based on the activation message. The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

22. The steps include sending a deactivation message to the UE for one or more of the sets of transmitting units, A step of switching, at least in part, based on the step of transmitting the deactivation message, from a step of communicating with the UE via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type to a step of communicating with the UE via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or a step of communicating with the UE via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type. The method according to claim 21, further comprising:

23. A step of transmitting an instruction for the duration of a timer associated with one or more transmitters to the UE, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires; A step of switching from a step of communicating with the UE via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type, at least in part, based on the expiration of the timer, to a step of communicating with the UE via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or to a step of communicating with the UE via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type. The method according to claim 21, further comprising:

24. The method according to claim 18, wherein the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit are active in parallel for the UE.

25. The aforementioned set of the transmitting unit, A set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a set of uplink-specific communication parameters, A set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters and The method according to claim 18, including the method described in claim 18.

26. Each of the transmitters in the aforementioned set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communication. The instruction associates each of the transmitters in the set of transmitters with the respective sets of communication parameters shared by the uplink and downlink communications. The method according to claim 18.

27. At least one of the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with the UE via the first transmitting unit or the second transmitting unit is The step involves communicating according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitting units, which are temporally discontinuous. The method according to claim 18, including the method described in claim 18.

28. At least one of the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit is temporally discontinuous, and the step of communicating with the UE via the first transmitting unit or the second transmitting unit is The step involves communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitting units, which are temporally discontinuous. The method according to claim 18, including the method described in claim 18.

29. The steps include: transmitting permission to an external transmission resource for one or more active transmission units of the set of transmission units of the transmission unit to the UE; A step of communicating with the UE via the transmission resources located outside the one or more active transmission units, at least in part based on the aforementioned authorization. The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

30. Each transmits to the UE the configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitters in the set of transmitters, A step of switching from a step of communicating with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type to a step of communicating with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type, during one or more switching gaps. The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

31. A step of receiving a capability message from the UE indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, wherein the instruction for the set in the transmitting unit is at least partially based on the capability message. The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

32. The method according to claim 18, wherein each of the sets of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitting unit of the set of transmitting units is discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

33. The first waveform type includes a first waveform among a single-carrier frequency domain waveform, a single-carrier time domain waveform, or a multi-carrier waveform. The second waveform type includes a second waveform among the single-carrier frequency domain waveform, the single-carrier time domain waveform, or the multi-carrier waveform. The method according to claim 18.

34. A device for wireless communication in user equipment (UE), Processor and The memory coupled to the aforementioned processor, The instruction includes the instruction stored in the memory, and the instruction is Receiving instructions from a base station for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type, and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. Communicating with the base station via the first transmitting unit during a first time period via signaling at least partially based on the first waveform type, Communicating with the base station via the second transmitting unit during a second time period after the first time period via signaling at least partially based on the second waveform type. A device that is executable by the processor in order to cause the device to perform the following.

35. The aforementioned instruction further, Receiving a system information block that includes a configuration of an initial transmission unit different from the first transmission unit and the second transmission unit, wherein the system information block associates the initial transmission unit with an initial waveform type that includes the first waveform type, the second waveform type, or the third waveform type. Prior to the first time period, communication with the base station via the initial transmitter through signaling at least partially based on the initial waveform type. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

36. The aforementioned instruction further, Receiving instructions from the default transmitter of the set of transmitters, wherein the default transmitter includes the first transmitter, and communication with the base station via the first transmitter during the first time period is at least partially based on the instructions from the default transmitter. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

37. The aforementioned instruction further, Receiving an activation message from the base station for one or more transmitters of the set of transmitters including the second transmitter, and communicating via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type, at least in part, based on the activation message. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

38. The aforementioned instruction further, The transmission unit receives a deactivation message from the base station for one or more of the transmission units in the set, Based at least in part on the deactivation message, switching from communicating with the base station via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type to communicating with the base station via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or communicating with the base station via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type. The apparatus according to claim 37, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

39. The aforementioned instruction further, Receiving from the base station an instruction for the duration of a timer associated with one or more transmitters in the set of transmitters, wherein each of the one or more transmitters is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires. Based at least partially on the expiration of the timer, switching from communicating with the base station via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type to communicating with the base station via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or communicating with the base station via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type. The apparatus according to claim 37, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

40. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit are active in parallel for the UE.

41. The aforementioned set of the transmitting unit, A set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a first set of uplink-specific communication parameters, A set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters and The apparatus according to claim 34, including the apparatus described in claim 34.

42. Each of the transmitters in the aforementioned set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communication. The instruction associates each of the sets of transmitters with the respective sets of communication parameters common to the uplink communication and the downlink communication. The apparatus according to claim 34.

43. At least one of the first and second transmitting units is temporally discontinuous, and the command for communicating with the base station via the first or second transmitting unit is To communicate according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitting units, which are temporally discontinuous. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

44. At least one of the first and second transmitting units is temporally discontinuous, and the command for communicating with the base station via the first or second transmitting unit is Communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitters, which are temporally discontinuous. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

45. The aforementioned instruction further, The transmitting unit receives permission from the base station for one or more active transmitting units of the set to access external transmission resources. Based at least in part on the aforementioned authorization, to communicate with the base station via the transmission resources located outside the one or more active transmission units. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

46. The aforementioned instruction further, The transmitting unit receives permission from the base station for one or more active transmitting units of the set to access external transmission resources. Based at least in part on the aforementioned permission, refrain from communicating with the base station via the transmission resources located outside of the one or more active transmitters. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

47. The aforementioned instruction further, Each receives from the base station the configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitting units in the set of transmitting units, During one or more switching gaps, the switching occurs from communicating with the base station via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type to communicating with the base station via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

48. The aforementioned instruction further, Transmitting a capability message to the base station indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, wherein the instruction for the set in the transmitting unit is at least partially based on the capability message. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

49. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein each of the sets of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitting unit of the set of transmitting units is discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

50. The first waveform type includes a first waveform from among a single-carrier frequency domain waveform, a single-carrier time domain waveform, or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform, The second waveform type includes a second waveform among the single-carrier frequency domain waveform, the single-carrier time domain waveform, or the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform. The apparatus according to claim 34.

51. A device for wireless communication at a base station, Processor and The memory coupled to the aforementioned processor, The instruction includes the instruction stored in the memory, and the instruction is Transmitting instructions to a user device (UE) for a set of transmitters, each containing a set of time resources and a set of frequency resources, wherein at least one of the time resources and frequency resources contained within each set of time resources and frequency resources differs for each transmitter in the set of transmitters, and the instructions associate a first transmitter in the set of transmitters with a first waveform type, and a second transmitter in the set of transmitters with a second waveform type. Communicating with the UE via the first transmitting unit during a first time period via signaling at least partially based on the first waveform type, Communicating with the UE via the second transmitting unit during a second time period after the first time period via signaling at least partially based on the second waveform type A device that is executable by the processor in order to cause the device to perform the following.

52. The aforementioned instruction further, Transmitting a system information block including a configuration of an initial transmission unit different from the first transmission unit and the second transmission unit, wherein the system information block associates the initial transmission unit with an initial waveform type including the first waveform type, the second waveform type, or the third waveform type. Communicating with the UE via the initial transmitter via signaling at least partially based on the initial waveform type before the first time period The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

53. The aforementioned instruction further, Transmitting instructions for the default transmitter of the set of transmitters, wherein the default transmitter includes the first transmitter, and the communication with the UE via the first transmitter during the first time period is at least partially based on the instructions of the default transmitter. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

54. The aforementioned instruction further, Transmitting an activation message to one or more transmitters of the set of transmitters, including the second transmitter, to the UE, wherein the communication via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type is at least partially based on the activation message. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

55. The aforementioned instruction further, Sending a deactivation message to the UE for one or more of the sets of transmitting units, Switching from communicating with the UE via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type to communicating with the UE via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or to communicating with the UE via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type, at least in part, based on transmitting the deactivation message. The apparatus according to claim 54, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

56. The aforementioned instruction further, Transmitting an instruction for the duration of a timer associated with one or more of the transmitting units to the UE, wherein each of the one or more transmitting units is deactivated for the UE when the timer expires. Based at least partially on the expiration of the timer, switching from communicating with the UE via the second transmitter associated with the second waveform type to communicating with the UE via the first transmitter associated with the first waveform type, or communicating with the UE via the third transmitter associated with the third waveform type. The apparatus according to claim 54, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

57. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the first transmitting unit and the second transmitting unit are active in parallel for the UE.

58. The aforementioned set of the transmitting unit, A set of uplink-specific transmitters associated with a first set of uplink-specific communication parameters, A set of downlink-specific transmitters associated with a set of downlink-specific communication parameters and The apparatus according to claim 51, including the apparatus described in claim 51.

59. Each of the transmitters in the aforementioned set of transmitters is for both uplink and downlink communication. The instruction associates each of the transmitters in the set of transmitters with the respective sets of communication parameters shared by the uplink and downlink communications. The apparatus according to claim 51.

60. At least one of the first and second transmitting units is temporally discontinuous, and the instruction for communicating with the UE via the first or second transmitting unit is To communicate according to a communication timeline that is transparent to one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitting units, which are temporally discontinuous. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

61. At least one of the first and second transmitting units is temporally discontinuous, and the instruction for communicating with the UE via the first or second transmitting unit is Communicating according to a communication timeline that takes into account one or more time gaps associated with at least one of the first and second transmitters, which are temporally discontinuous. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

62. The aforementioned instruction further, The transmitting unit transmits permission to the UE for an external transmission resource of one or more active transmitting units of the set, Based at least in part on the aforementioned authorization, to communicate with the UE via the transmission resources located outside the one or more active transmission units. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

63. The aforementioned instruction further, Each transmits to the UE the configuration of one or more switching gaps or one or more guard bands between each pair of transmitting units in the set of transmitting units, During one or more switching gaps, the switching is performed to communicate with the UE via a first transmitter associated with a first waveform type, and then to communicate with the UE via a second transmitter associated with a second waveform type. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

64. The aforementioned instruction further, Receiving a capability message from the UE indicating a set of waveform types that the UE can use, wherein the instruction for the set in the transmitting unit is at least partially based on the capability message. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein the processor is capable of causing the apparatus to perform the aforementioned action.

65. The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein each of the sets of time resources and frequency resources for the transmitting unit of the set of transmitting units is discontinuous in time, discontinuous in frequency, or discontinuous in both time and frequency.

66. The first waveform type includes a first waveform from among a single-carrier frequency domain waveform, a single-carrier time domain waveform, or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform, The second waveform type includes a second waveform among the single-carrier frequency domain waveform, the single-carrier time domain waveform, or the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform. The apparatus according to claim 51.

Images