Cultivation aid for climbing crops

Abstract

The goal is to achieve both an increase in the number of plants per unit area and an increase in fruit weight for climbing crops, as well as to improve working posture and eliminate work at heights associated with cultivating climbing crops, and to reduce the cost of ancillary facilities such as greenhouses. [Solution] Climbing crops 4 are individually cultivated on the upper surface of a training hammock 16 made of net material 17 that is spread diagonally in multiple layers at a comfortable working height, thereby increasing both the number of plants planted and the weight of the fruit, while reducing the physical burden on workers by reducing the bending and overhead work associated with cultivation, eliminating accidents such as falls by eliminating work at height, and reducing the cost of ancillary equipment such as greenhouses.

Description

Technical Field

[0004]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cultivation assisting device for vine crops.

Background Art

[0002] Vine crops are crops that have difficulty growing upward independently and grow on the ground in an arbitrary direction seeking sunlight. Therefore, for cultivation on the ground surface, a ground surface area equal to or larger than the leaf area required for growth is necessary. Since fruits and the like come into contact with the soil, they are easily infested with insects, and it is difficult to secure the working passages required for cultivation, making it difficult to introduce automated equipment. When cultivating on the ground surface, operations such as pinching, pruning, removing side shoots, guiding, picking appropriate taste buds, pollination, removing flowers, picking fruits, and harvesting required for cultivating vine crops are performed while bending the waist, so there is concern about work-related injuries such as low back pain. As existing cultivation assisting devices for vine crops, it is common to install cultivation assisting devices such as supports or net fences that guide the growth direction of vine crops upward.

[0003] A support is a cultivation assisting device that can guide the growth direction of vine crops upward by simply installing it at the base of the vine crops. By performing so-called aerial cultivation, which arranges the leaf area per individual required for cultivating vine crops in space, it is the simplest solution to reduce the ground surface area per individual and increase the number of planted plants. However, since the main branches or side branches are arranged in space, the amount of light received by the individual decreases due to mutual shading of the main branches, side branches, and leaves, which may reduce the photosynthetic products of the individual and cause a decrease in fruit weight. Also, when the vine crops themselves or the fruit weight is heavy, in the case of tall vine crops, and when a horizontal load is applied during various operations associated with cultivation, the support is likely to fall, so it is mainly used for cultivating vine crops with light vine crops themselves or fruit weight and low height.

[0004] Next, net fences are cultivation aids that guide the growth direction of climbing crops upwards using net material fences firmly fixed to the ground. By performing so-called aerial cultivation, which involves arranging the leaf area per plant in space, it is possible to reduce the ground surface area per plant and increase the number of plants that can be planted. However, similar to stakes, since the main branches or lateral branches are arranged in space, the amount of light received by the plant decreases due to mutual shielding between the main branches, lateral branches, and leaves, which can reduce the amount of photosynthetic products produced by the plant and potentially lead to a decrease in fruit weight. In addition, tasks required for cultivating tall climbing crops, such as pinching, pruning, removing lateral shoots, training, bud thinning, pollination, flower thinning, fruit thinning, and harvesting, require working upwards or climbing up and down to high places. Continuous upward work places a heavy load on the upper limb muscles and can cause neck pain, and working at high places carries the risk of accidents such as falls.

[0005] Furthermore, in cultivation using net fences, the net fence height must be greater than the leaf area required for the growth of climbing crops divided by the planting interval. Therefore, increasing the number of plants by increasing the planting interval will raise the height of the net fence, worsening work efficiency. In addition, when cultivating in a greenhouse, a greenhouse taller than the aforementioned net fence height is required, leading to higher greenhouse construction costs, automation of opening and closing operations such as skylights, and an increase in the volume of air conditioning, resulting in increased cultivation costs. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0006] [Non-Patent Document 1] Research Report of the National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science 12:7-60 (2013) Study on the fruit production characteristics of watermelons grown using vertical cultivation. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The challenges we aim to address are achieving both an increase in the number of plants per unit area and an increase in fruit weight for climbing crops, improving working posture and eliminating work at heights associated with cultivating climbing crops, and reducing the costs of ancillary facilities such as greenhouses. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In a field where seedlings of climbing crops are planted in multiple parallel rows, the system consists of a main rope, T-shaped stakes, and a net-material training hammock. The main rope is extended horizontally above the seedlings in each row in a so-called folded layout at a comfortable working height for the worker, using a starting post equipped with a winding drum installed immediately next to the starting seedling of the starting row, a corner post installed immediately next to the last seedling of the row for the purpose of bending the main rope perpendicularly above the last seedling of that row and extending it toward the next row, a corner post installed immediately next to the starting seedling of the next row for the purpose of bending the main rope received from the corner post perpendicularly toward the next row, and a terminal post installed at the end of the last row. When the required length of the training hammock cannot be secured in a straight line due to the bending of the main rope, the training hammock, which is divided into front and rear sections vertically below the bending of the main rope, is guided diagonally upward toward the main rope while maintaining the same angle for training. This cultivation aid for climbing crops is characterized by the following features: it is equipped with multiple upper end fixing fittings and lower end fixing rods for the training hammocks, which can be set to any height, for setting up the training hammocks in a so-called U-turn layout; T-shaped stakes are driven into the ground at a right angle to the direction of the main rope's extension, with their heads exposed at the same height, just below the base of each seedling; the upper end of the training hammock is tied to the main rope or the upper end fixing fitting of the training hammock on the corner post; the lower end of the training hammock is tied securely to both ends of the heads of the T-shaped stakes or both ends of the lower end fixing rod of the training hammock on the corner post; there are multiple training points on both sides of the training hammock for guiding climbing crops back to the opposite side; and the training hammock for each seedling is extended in a so-called U-turn layout, with the starting seedling of the starting row as the upstreammost point, and diagonally upward toward the main rope at the same angle in a multi-layered manner toward the adjacent downstream seedling. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the Research Report of the National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science 12:7-60 (2013), a study on the fruit production characteristics of watermelons grown in vertical cultivation, it was confirmed that "a high positive correlation of 0.8 or more was observed between the leaf area per individual and the fruit weight, and the higher the fruiting node position, the larger the leaf area per individual throughout the fruit enlargement period," and that "the photosynthetic rate of leaves in the shade was 24-45% of that of leaves receiving direct sunlight," and that "in vertical cultivation where the main stem or primary lateral branches are arranged in space, the decrease in the amount of light received by the individual due to mutual shading of the main stem, primary lateral branches, and leaves leads to a decrease in the photosynthetic products of the individual, resulting in a decrease in fruit weight." From the above findings, it is clear that in order to achieve both an increase in the number of watermelons planted and an increase in fruit weight, it is essential to increase the planting spacing, raise the fruiting node position, increase the leaf area per individual, prevent the decrease in the amount of light received by the individual due to mutual shading of the main stem, primary lateral branches, and leaves, and increase the leaf area that receives direct sunlight.

[0010] The apparatus of the present invention allows for individual aerial cultivation of climbing crops in a field where seedlings of climbing crops are densely planted in multiple parallel rows. This is achieved by using a net-material support hammock, which is spread out in multiple layers at the same angle diagonally upwards, to secure the leaf area necessary for the cultivation of each individual climbing crop. Therefore, even if the planting intervals are close, the growth of adjacent individuals will not be inhibited. Furthermore, by performing pruning work on the flat surface of the support hammock, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the amount of light received by the individual due to mutual shading of the main branches, primary lateral branches, and leaves, and to increase the leaf area that receives direct sunlight, thereby increasing fruit weight.

[0011] Furthermore, if the cultivation support device for climbing crops of the present invention can ignore the shading caused by the net-material guiding hammock, the growing points of climbing crops, which have a tendency to grow upward toward the sun, can grow diagonally upward while constantly receiving direct sunlight, regardless of their growth stage, thus ensuring uniform growth for all individuals.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention provides a cultivation support device for climbing crops that reduces the number of work passages by setting the width of the training hammock so that workers can perform the necessary tasks for cultivation, such as pinching, pruning, removing side shoots, training, removing suitable buds, pollination, flower thinning, fruit thinning, and harvesting, from one side. Moreover, by folding and unfolding the main rope, the training hammock can be unfolded in a so-called U-turn layout, and all individuals in each row except those near the end of the last row can be individually cultivated on the upper surface of the training hammock, thereby increasing the number of climbing crops that can be planted.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, when the rows of climbing crop seedlings are oriented north-south and the direction of inclination of the training hammocks is reversed compared to the training hammocks of adjacent rows, direct sunlight from the east-upper or west-upper reaches the lower part of the training hammocks in the back row (near the base of the seedlings), as illustrated in the comparison between Figures 7-A and 7-B. This increases the amount of direct sunlight per individual plant per day, thereby increasing fruit weight.

[0014] Furthermore, the cultivation support device for climbing crops of the present invention allows the total length of tall climbing crops to be kept within a comfortable working height for the worker, thus reducing the need to bend over or work overhead, eliminating work at heights and reducing the risk of falls and other occupational accidents. It also allows for effective pesticide application from the underside of the net-material guiding hammock towards the underside of the leaves, reducing the amount of pesticides that can be applied. Since aerial cultivation is possible, the need to reshape the crops is almost eliminated, and in the case of greenhouse cultivation, the height of the greenhouse and other ancillary equipment can be kept low, thereby reducing the cost of ancillary equipment.

[0015] Furthermore, since the cultivation support device for climbing crops of the present invention is equipped with a main rope winding drum at the starting post, as preparation for cultivating climbing crops, the upper end of the guiding hammock can be easily tied to the main rope by rotating the winding drum in reverse to lower the main rope to a comfortable working height, and after the tying work, the winding drum can be rotated forward to extend the main rope to a specified height, and then the lower end of the guiding hammock can be easily tied to both ends of the heads of T-shaped stakes driven into the ground, thereby enabling the guiding hammock to be extended in an easy manner.

[0016] Furthermore, with the present invention's climbing crop cultivation support device, when the cultivation of climbing crops is finished, the winding drum equipped on the starting post is rotated in reverse to lower the main rope to a comfortable working height, thereby easily removing the vines that have become entangled in the training hammock. After the removal work, the winding drum is rotated forward to extend the main rope to a specified height, which allows for easy extension of the training hammock for the cultivation of climbing crops in the following year. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0017] [Figure 1] This is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a side view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a three-view drawing of the starting post according to the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a three-view drawing of the corner post according to the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a three-view drawing of the terminal post according to the present invention. [Figure 7] Figure 7-A is a three-view drawing of the hammock used for training according to the present invention, and Figure 7-B is a front view of the hammock when a rectangular intermediate frame for training the hammock is attached to the middle section. [Figure 8]Fig. 8-A is a schematic view of the attracting hammock according to the present invention in a state where it is extended in the same direction as the adjacent rows, and Fig. 8-B is a schematic view of the attracting hammock according to the present invention in a state where it is extended in the opposite direction to the adjacent rows. [Figure 9] It is a three-sided view of the equipment layout by a general tunnel cultivation method.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. In the field 1, the starting post 8, a plurality of corner posts 11, the end post 15, and the working passage 23 are appropriately arranged. The main rope 5 is extended in a folded layout from the end post 向けて折り返しレイアウトで展張され、誘引用ハンモック16の上端はメインロープ5と結束点7で結束されている。

[0019] Fig. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. The lower end of the attracting hammock 16 is fastened to the head of the T-shaped pile 6.

[0020] Fig. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. The attracting hammock 16 whose required length cannot be ensured by the bending of the main rope 5 is divided and extended obliquely upward from the upstream corner post 11 to the adjacent downstream corner post 11.

[0021] Fig. 4 is a three-sided view of the starting post 8 of the apparatus of the present invention. The surplus dimension of the horizontally extended main rope 5 is wound around the winding drum 9 via the guide pulley 10.

[0022] Figure 5 is a three-view drawing of an embodiment of the corner post 11 of the present invention, in which the horizontally stretched main rope 5 is stretched to the adjacent downstream corner post 11 via a guide pulley 10. Furthermore, the side surface of the corner post 11 is equipped with multiple upper end fixing fittings 12 and lower end fixing rods 13 for the guided hammock 16, which are divided into front and rear sections vertically below the bend of the main rope 5, while maintaining the same angle, in order to stretch the guided hammock 16 in a so-called U-turn layout. These fittings are used when the required length of the guided hammock 16 cannot be secured in a straight line due to the bending of the main rope 5.

[0023] Figure 6 is a three-view drawing of the terminal post 15 of the device of the present invention, in which the end of the horizontally stretched main rope 5 is fixed at a comfortable working height for the worker.

[0024] Figure 7-A is a three-view drawing of the hammock 16 of the present invention, in which the net material 17 is stretched taut by the net upper end fixing rod 18 and the net lower end fixing rod 19, the net upper end fixing rod 18 is tied to the main rope 5 at the attachment point 7 by the hammock suspension string 20, and the net lower end fixing rod 19 is tied to both ends of the head of the T-shaped stake 6 by the hammock suspension string 20. Figure 7-B is a front view of the hammock 16 when a rectangular hammock intermediate frame 21 is attached to the middle section, the hammock intermediate frame 21 is suspended from the attachment point 7 to the main rope 5 by the hammock intermediate frame suspension string 22.

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the trellising hammock 16 according to the present invention in an extended state. It is a composite of parts of Figure 1 and Figure 2, showing a view from diagonally above and perpendicular to the row of climbing crops 4. Figure 8-A shows the case where the trellising hammock 16 is extended in the same direction as the adjacent row, and Figure 8-B shows the case where the trellising hammock 16 is extended in the opposite direction to the adjacent row. The star marks in the figures represent the lower part of the trellising hammock 16 (the part close to the base of the climbing crops 4) that receives direct sunlight.

[0026] Figure 9 is a three-view diagram of the equipment layout for a typical tunnel cultivation method, in which multiple straight tunnels 2 and work passages 23 are appropriately arranged in field 1, and seedlings of climbing crops 4 are planted inside the tunnels 2 which are stretched by tunnel structural members 3.

[0027] In implementing the present invention, the dimensions of the training hammock 16 are determined based on the dimensions of the field 1, the arrangement of the work passages 23, the planting interval of the seedlings of the climbing crop 4 to be cultivated, and the maximum growth length of the climbing crop 4. The starting post 8, corner post 11, and ending post 15 are set at a comfortable working height for the worker and appropriately installed in the field 1.

[0028] Next, the main rope 5 is stretched in a folded layout from the end post 15 through several corner posts 11 to the starting post 8, and the excess length of the main rope 5 is wound onto the winding drum 9 provided on the starting post 8.

[0029] Then, with the top of the T-shaped stake 6 exposed above ground at the same height and perpendicular to the direction in which the main rope 5 is extended, the body of the T-shaped stake 6 is driven into the ground just below the base of each climbing crop seedling 4.

[0030] Furthermore, a training hammock 16, matched to the maximum growth length of the climbing crop 4 to be cultivated, is secured to the main rope 5 at one point 7 and to the top of the T-shaped stake 6 at two points 7 in total, for example, if it is a three-point supported training hammock 16, using the training hammock suspension string 20.

[0031] Subsequently, in accordance with the growth stage of the climbing crop 4, necessary tasks such as pinching, pruning, removing side shoots, training, removing suitable buds, pollination, flower thinning, fruit thinning, and harvesting are carried out at a comfortable working height for the worker.

[0032] Here, the guiding hammock 16 of the present invention is arranged in a multi-layered inclined manner with the base of the climbing crop 4 as the lower end and the main rope 5 as the upper end. If we ignore the shading provided by the net material 17 of the upper guiding hammock 16, the growth points of the climbing crops 4, which have a tendency to grow upward toward the sun, can grow diagonally upward toward the main rope 5 while constantly receiving direct sunlight, regardless of their growth stage. Thus, uniform growth of each climbing crop 4 can be expected.

[0033] Furthermore, by attaching a rectangular intermediate frame 21 of the climbing hammock 16, which is the same width as the climbing hammock 16 and of any length, to the middle section of the climbing hammock 16 made of net material 17, and changing the binding point 7 between the upper end of the climbing hammock 16 and the main rope 5 to the base of the climbing crop 4, and by suspending the intermediate frame 21 horizontally from the main rope 5 by the intermediate frame suspension string 22, and cultivating the fruits of the climbing crop 4 in the air on the horizontal net material 17 in the middle section of the climbing hammock 16 made of net material 17, the posture of the fruits can be stabilized without net bags for the fruits, and the height for monitoring and measuring growth and harvesting fruits can be limited, making it easier to introduce various automated equipment.

[0034] When the cultivation of the climbing crop 4 is finished, the winding drum 9 attached to the starting post 8 is rotated in reverse to lower the main rope 5 to a comfortable working height, easily removing the vines that have become entangled in the training hammock 16. After the removal work, the winding drum 9 is rotated forward to extend the main rope 5 to the specified height, easily completing the work of extending the training hammock 16 for cultivation in the following year.

[0035] In the case of greenhouse cultivation, it is possible to install auxiliary beams on the greenhouse ceiling instead of the starting posts 8, corner posts 11, and ending posts 15 for stretching the main rope 5, and to suspend the main rope support from the auxiliary beams to the required height at the required location. However, greenhouses and plastic greenhouses located on farmland are not buildings under the Building Standards Act and do not have the strength to withstand the construction of auxiliary beams, so this is not recommended.

[0036] Furthermore, since the greenhouse environment is high temperature and high humidity, and iron components are prone to corrosion, it is strongly recommended that the start post 8, corner posts 11, and end post 15 be coated with corrosion-resistant paint, and that the main rope 5 be vinyl-coated if wire rope is used.

[0037] Furthermore, the top shape of the T-shaped stake 6 should preferably have a ring or hook attached to it that allows for easy attachment of the hammock 16.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to prevent the binding point between the support hammock 16 and the main rope 5 from being pulled back towards the roots by the load of the climbing crop 4 and its fruits, it is recommended to use a wire clip or the like that can be used to easily and securely fasten the support hammock 16 to the main rope 5.

[0039] Here, assuming that field 1 is 21m long, 13m wide, and has an area of ​​273m2, and as a typical cultivation method for large watermelons, a representative vining crop 4, if tunnel 2 is installed on "saddle-shaped ridges" running parallel in the north-south direction and watermelons are cultivated using the "four-vine pruning, two-fruit harvesting" method, the standard ridge spacing is 2.5m, the width of tunnel 2 is 2.0m, the width of the work passage 23 is 0.5m, and the spacing between watermelon seedlings is 1.0m, then the horizontal projected area, which is both the cultivation area per plant and the area that receives direct sunlight, is 2m2, and as shown in Figure 1, it is possible to expect to harvest 200 large watermelons by cultivating 100 plants in the field.

[0040] Here, in the same field 1 as in the previous section, the same large watermelons are planted in "saddle-shaped ridges" running parallel in a north-south direction with a spacing of 1.0m between seedlings. The height of the main rope 5, which is stretched vertically above the watermelon seedlings at a height that allows workers to work comfortably without working at heights, is set to 1.9m from the ground. The height of the top of the T-shaped stake 6 driven into the ground is set to 0.3m from the ground. The horizontal distance from the binding point 7 between the training hammock 16 and the T-shaped stake 6 to the binding point 7 between the training hammock 16 and the main rope 5 is set to 2.0m. The width of the training hammock 16 is set to 1.0m. The vines extend 3 meters from the center of the top of the T-shaped stake 6. If the vine is guided at a 0-degree angle to the training point on one side of the training hammock 16, and then the vine turns back towards the training point on the opposite side and is guided at a 30-degree angle, the growth length of the climbing crop until it reaches the top of the training hammock 16 is approximately 5.1m. Adding the height of 0.3m from the ground to the top of the T-shaped stake 6, the total length of the climbing crop 4 is approximately 5.4m. Therefore, it is possible to cultivate a tall climbing crop 4 with a total length of 5.4m at a working height of 1.9m or less, and the working height can be kept low even if the fruiting node position is raised to increase the leaf area per individual plant. Furthermore, the area of ​​the training hammock 16 with the above dimensions is approximately 2.56m2, which allows for a leaf area per individual plant to be approximately 28% larger than when cultivating large watermelons using a typical tunnel cultivation method. Furthermore, the horizontal projection area of ​​the support hammock 16 is 2.00 m2, the same as in the cultivation method using tunnel 2 described above, and 1.00 m2 (the area obtained by multiplying the spacing between seedlings by the width of the support hammock 16), which is 50% of the aforementioned horizontal projection area of ​​2.00 m2, constantly receives direct sunlight.

[0041] Furthermore, as illustrated in Figure 8-i, when the training hammocks 16 are arranged in a so-called U-turn layout, the direction of inclination of the training hammocks 16 is opposite to that of the training hammocks 16 in the adjacent row. When the rows of climbing crops 4 are oriented north-south, direct sunlight from the east-upper or west-upper relative to the field 1 reaches the lower part of the training hammocks 16 in the back row (near the base of the climbing crops 4). This increases the amount of direct sunlight per individual plant per day, which can increase fruit weight even with a dense planting interval.

[0042] Furthermore, under the conditions described in the preceding paragraph, when cultivating large watermelons using the method of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, it is possible to cultivate 198 plants and expect to harvest 396 watermelons, thus representing a 98% increase in yield compared to the general cultivation method using tunnel 2.

[0043] Incidentally, since the horizontal length of the training hammock 16 described in the previous section is twice the spacing between seedlings, the training hammock 16 will be laid out in two layers. However, the upper limit of the number of layers for the training hammock 16 needs to be considered separately based on the amount of sunlight required per plant by the planned cultivar, the total amount of sunlight in the cultivation area, and the surface area required for root growth per plant. [Industrial applicability]

[0044] Climbing crops 4 are individually cultivated on the upper surface of a training hammock 16 made of a net material 17 spread diagonally in multiple layers. This method increases both the number of planted climbing crops 4 and the weight of the fruit, while simultaneously reducing the physical burden on workers by decreasing the bending and overhead work associated with cultivation, eliminating accidents such as falls by eliminating work at heights, and reducing the cost of ancillary facilities such as greenhouses. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1 field 2 tunnels 3 Tunnel structural members 4. Climbing crops 5 Main Ropes 6T-shaped pile 7 binding points 8 Starting Post 9-winding drum 10 Guide Pulley 11th corner post 12. Hammock upper end fixing bracket for guiding hammocks. 13. Hammock lower end fixing rod 14 Guide to Induction and Access to Hammocks 15 Terminus Post 16 Invitation Hammock 17 Net Materials 18 Net upper end fixing rod 19 Net bottom end fixing rod 20 Hammock Hanging Rope 21 Invitation Hammock Intermediate Frame 22. Hammock Induction Hammock Intermediate Frame Hanging Rope 23 work passages

Claims

1. In a field where seedlings of climbing crops are planted in multiple parallel rows, the cultivation support device for climbing crops is characterized by comprising a main rope, T-shaped stakes, and net-material training hammocks, the main rope being stretched horizontally vertically above the seedlings in each row at a comfortable working height for the worker, the T-shaped stakes being driven into the ground at a right angle to the direction of the main rope's stretching, with their tops exposed at the same height, the upper end of the training hammocks being tied to the main rope, and the lower end of the training hammocks being tightly tied to both ends of the T-shaped stakes, with multiple training points on both sides of the training hammocks for guiding the climbing crops back to the opposite side, and the training hammocks for each seedling being stretched in multiple layers at the same angle diagonally upward toward the main rope toward the adjacent downstream seedlings, with the starting seedling being the upstreammost.

2. The main rope is extended in a folded layout by a starting post equipped with a winding drum installed immediately adjacent to the starting seedling of the starting row, a corner post installed immediately adjacent to the end seedling of the end seedling of the row for the purpose of bending the main rope at a right angle toward the adjacent row vertically above the end seedling of the row, a corner post installed immediately adjacent to the starting seedling of the next row for the purpose of bending the main rope received from the corner post at a right angle toward the next row, and an end post installed at the end of the end row, and the side of the corner post is equipped with a plurality of upper end fixing fittings for the training hammocks that can be set to any height and a plurality of lower end fixing rods for the training hammocks that can be set to any height, so that when the required length of the training hammocks cannot be secured in a straight line by bending the main rope, the training hammocks, which are divided into front and rear sections vertically below the bend of the main rope, are guided in multiple layers diagonally upward toward the main rope while maintaining the same angle, so that the training hammocks are extended in a so-called U-turn layout.

3. The cultivation support device for climbing crops according to claim 1, characterized in that a rectangular intermediate frame for the climbing hammock, having the same width as the climbing hammock and of any length, is attached to the middle portion of the climbing hammock according to claim 1, the point where the upper end of the climbing hammock is tied to the main rope is changed to the seedling side, the frame is suspended horizontally from the main rope, and the fruits of climbing crops can be cultivated in the air on the horizontal net of the intermediate frame for the climbing hammock.

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