Static cone testing apparatus and static cone testing system

Abstract

This invention provides a static cone testing device that can be mounted on a shield tunneling machine without requiring a large-scale installation structure, and a static cone testing system that can flexibly and accurately identify the soil distribution at the tunnel face, which changes as excavation progresses. [Solution] A static cone test device 40 is mounted on a shield tunneling machine 30 and measures ground characteristics by statically pressing a cone-shaped probe 47 into the ground from inside the side surface 25 of the cutter head 20. The device has a rod 45 that is inserted into a housing groove 26 provided inside the cutter head 20 and communicating with the side opening 25a, and has a probe 47 at its tip, a fixing part 41 that is fixed to the wall surface 27 of the housing groove 26, and an expandable part 43 that expands and contracts by receiving a reaction force from the fixing part 41. When the expandable part 43 extends, the probe 47 protrudes from the side opening 25a and is pressed into the ground J, and when the expandable part 43 contracts, the probe 47 is housed in the housing groove 26 through the side opening 25a.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a static cone test device and a static cone test system.

Background Art

[0002] In geological surveys, there are various survey methods, including the Swedish sounding test (SWS) and the static cone penetration test (CPT: Cone Penetration Test). Among these, the static cone penetration test is a test method based on the Geotechnical Engineering Society standard (JGS1435-2012). In this test, a probe in the shape of a cone is statically pressed into the ground from the ground (at a speed of about 20 mm / sec, for example) to measure ground characteristics (soil classification, N value, fine particle content, etc.). It is a test that simultaneously measures three components: the resistance of the probe at the tip, the pore water pressure (the pressure of water between soil particles), and the skin friction on the circumferential surface of the probe itself. The static cone penetration test can also be referred to as an electric static cone penetration test, and various ground information such as the bearing capacity of the ground, soil classification, and liquefaction determination can be obtained simultaneously. In addition, compared with boring surveys and laboratory soil tests, it can be carried out more simply, and the information of the original ground can be measured directly and continuously. Since it is a highly reliable survey method, it has also become a commonly applied survey method in Europe, North America, etc.

[0003] Since the static cone test targets surveys from the ground, it is common to configure a test device by installing a base machine improved based on a pile driver on the ground. In this test device, a rod equipped with a probe at the tip is attached to a hammer head equipped on the base machine. When the rod is pressed into the ground by the hammer head, a penetration force of, for example, 5 to 8 t (which varies depending on the soil quality) is generated. To resist this penetration force, measures are taken to fix the base machine to the ground with a screw anchor (an example of an anchor).

[0004] Turning to conventional shield tunneling methods, for example, in closed-type shield tunneling, the soil distribution (soil composition) of the excavation face is unknown. Therefore, methods are applied to estimate the soil distribution from estimated soil profile maps created based on soil data collected from the ground at intervals of several tens to several hundreds of meters, or from excavated soil that is taken into the shield tunneling machine during excavation and discharged into shafts, etc. As a result, the estimated soil distribution contains a large margin of error, and there are various challenges, such as the difficulty in flexibly identifying the current soil distribution of the excavation face.

[0005] Therefore, it is expected that by applying the static cone test, which is widely used as a surface test as described above, to a shield tunneling machine that moves underground, the soil distribution at the tunnel face, which changes each time as excavation progresses, can be identified with high accuracy and flexibility. However, since there have been no attempts to apply the static cone test to a shield tunneling machine so far, it is uncertain whether the static cone test device, which requires extremely large-scale preparation work such as the installation of the base machine as described above, can be applied to a shield tunneling machine.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a static cone test device that can be mounted on a shield tunneling machine without requiring a large-scale installation structure, and a static cone test system that, by mounting the static cone test device, can flexibly and with high accuracy identify the soil distribution at the tunnel face, which changes as excavation progresses.

[0007] Here, Patent Document 1 proposes a method for investigating the surrounding ground of a tunnel, which involves investigating the surrounding ground of a buried pipe or segment ring that is embedded in a tunnel formed by a tunnel boring machine. This survey method involves installing a water-stopping valve, which allows an investigation rod to be inserted when the valve is open, on the inside of a through-hole provided in a buried pipe or segment ring that penetrates from the inside to the outside; connecting a packing jig, which has a through-hole through which an investigation rod can be inserted and packing material that can seal the outer circumference of the investigation rod, to the inside of the water-stopping valve when the valve is closed; inserting the tip of the investigation rod into this packing jig up to just before the water-stopping valve when the valve is closed; opening the water-stopping valve while the packing jig is sealing the water; and inserting the investigation rod through the inside of the water-stopping valve into the ground. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-138489 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] According to the tunnel perimeter ground investigation method described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to conduct investigations of the amount of over-excavation and soil type around buried pipes and tunnel segments in tunneling and shield tunneling methods in a simple, low-cost manner with reliable watertight sealing. However, this invention does not address the aforementioned problem, namely, providing a static cone testing device that can be mounted on a shield tunneling machine without requiring a large-scale installation structure, nor does it provide a static cone testing system equipped with this static cone testing device.

[0010] The present invention aims to provide a static cone testing device that can be mounted on a shield tunneling machine without requiring a large-scale installation structure, and a static cone testing system that, by mounting the static cone testing device, can flexibly and with high accuracy identify the soil distribution at the tunnel face, which changes as excavation progresses. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] To achieve the above objective, one embodiment of the static cone test apparatus according to the present invention is: A static cone test device, mounted on a shield tunneling machine, having a main body made of a steel shell and a cutter head rotatably mounted in front of the main body in the direction of excavation and equipped with a cutting bit, measures ground properties by statically pressing a cone-shaped probe into the ground from inside the side of the cutter head, A rod is provided inside the cutter head, is inserted into a housing groove that communicates with a side opening facing the side, and has the probe at its tip, A fixing part fixed to the wall surface of the aforementioned groove, The base end of the fixed part is fixed to the fixed part, and the expandable part expands and contracts by receiving a reaction force from the fixed part, As the telescopic portion extends, the probe at the tip of the rod is pressed into the ground through the side opening. The extension portion retracts, causing the probe at the tip of the rod to be housed in the housing groove through the side opening.

[0012] According to this embodiment, a static cone test device (CPT device) is inserted into a storage groove provided in the cutter head of a shield tunneling machine, and its fixed part is fixed to the wall surface of the storage groove. The rod moves as the retractable part, which is fixed to the base end of the fixed part, expands and contracts, causing the probe at the tip of the rod to move in and out of the side opening to measure the ground characteristics. This allows the device to be mounted on a shield tunneling machine and measure ground characteristics without requiring a large-scale installation structure.

[0013] Furthermore, another embodiment of the static cone testing apparatus according to the present invention is: The aforementioned receiving groove is characterized in that a brush ring is provided in or near the side opening thereof, which slides against the rod that moves in and out of the side opening.

[0014] According to this aspect, a brush ring (wire brush ring) is provided at or near the side opening, and by slidingly contacting the rod that enters and exits through the side opening, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of earth and sand into the storage groove when the rod enters and exits through the side opening.

[0015] Another aspect of the static cone test device according to the present invention is An O-ring that slidably contacts the inner wall surface of the storage groove is attached to the outer peripheral surface of any one of the rod, the fixed part, or the telescopic part.

[0016] According to this aspect, by attaching an O-ring that slidably contacts the inner wall surface of the storage groove to the outer peripheral surface of any one of the rod, the fixed part, or the telescopic part, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of muddy water (groundwater) to the back side of the storage groove.

[0017] Another aspect of the static cone test device according to the present invention is In the storage groove, an opening / closing lid for opening and closing the side opening is provided.

[0018] According to this aspect, in the storage groove, by providing an opening / closing lid for opening and closing the side opening, for example, when the cutter head is rotating for excavation, the storage groove is closed by the opening / closing lid, and when the rod is projected into the ground from the storage groove during the measurement of ground characteristics, the opening / closing lid is opened, so that while suppressing the intrusion of earth and sand and groundwater into the storage groove during excavation, the rod can be projected into the ground from the storage groove to measure the ground characteristics. <www.

[0019] Another aspect of the static cone test system according to the present invention is A shield tunneling machine, The static cone test device mounted on the shield tunneling machine, A control device that controls the rotation of the cutter head and controls the operation of each component of the static cone test device, The control device is Rotation stop control for stopping the rotation after rotating the cutter head by a predetermined angle, Operate the telescopic part to press the probe into the ground through the side opening of the stopped cutter head, return the probe that has measured the ground characteristics to the accommodation groove through the side opening, and execute test device movement control. It is characterized in that the rotation stop control and the test device movement control are repeatedly executed as a set of controls.

[0020] According to this aspect, by the control device which is a component, rotation stop control for rotating the cutter head by a predetermined angle and then stopping the rotation, and test device movement control for operating the telescopic part to press the probe into the ground and returning the probe that has measured the ground characteristics to the accommodation groove are executed. By repeatedly executing the rotation stop control and the test device movement control as a set of controls, the soil quality distribution (soil quality classification) on the outer periphery of the cutter head can be obtained (determined) opportunely, and a soil quality distribution map (face cross-sectional view) of the face can be created opportunely and with high accuracy based on the soil quality distribution on the outer periphery. In addition, by correcting the soil quality distribution map assumed during the construction plan based on the soil quality distribution map created during the construction stage, appropriate construction management can be realized. Here, regarding the rotation of the "predetermined angle", various rotation angles such as 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, etc. can be set, and the predetermined angle can be changed variously during the rotation. The control device may be mounted inside the shield tunneling machine, or may be housed in, for example, a ground management building. In the former form, the control device and each control target are connected so as to be able to transmit and receive data by wire or wirelessly. In the latter form, the control device and each control target are connected so as to be able to transmit and receive data wirelessly.

[0021] In addition, a separate static cone test device (CPT device) may be configured to be pressed into the ground from the main body of the shield tunneling machine or the segments constituting the completed shield tunnel. By this separate static cone test device, for example, in soil with a high risk such as a soft layer, it is possible to confirm the presence or absence of loosening and cavity generation, and to grasp the medium- and long-term situation of the ground around the shield tunnel after the shield tunneling machine has passed through.

[0022] Furthermore, another embodiment of the static cone test system according to the present invention is: A coordinate surveying device for determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the aforementioned shield tunneling machine, The system further includes a rotation angle measuring device for measuring the rotation angle of the cutter head, The control device is When measuring ground characteristics, the absolute coordinate data of the shield tunneling machine stopped in the ground, transmitted from the coordinate surveying device, The relative coordinate data of the static cone test device to the shield tunneling machine is received, based on the rotation angle data of the cutter head transmitted from the rotation angle measuring device. The system is characterized by receiving measured ground characteristic data transmitted from the static cone test device and storing ground characteristic data corresponding to the measurement location within the ground.

[0023] According to this embodiment, the system further includes a coordinate surveying device that identifies the three-dimensional coordinates of the shield tunneling machine and a rotation angle measuring device that measures the rotation angle of the cutter head. The control device measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the probe each time based on the absolute coordinate data of the shield tunneling machine transmitted from the coordinate surveying device and the rotation angle data of the cutter head transmitted from the rotation angle measuring device. Ground characteristic data corresponding to each measurement position is linked to these measurements, thereby enabling the creation of a highly accurate three-dimensional or two-dimensional soil distribution map (e.g., a CIM model of soil properties) based on the three-dimensional coordinates of each measurement position in the ground and the ground characteristic data.

[0024] Furthermore, another embodiment of the static cone test system according to the present invention is: A cleaning device is provided which has injection holes provided on the wall surface of the aforementioned storage groove, a fluid passage communicating with the injection holes and equipped with a check valve in the middle, and a supply means for supplying high-pressure water to the fluid passage. The control device is The method is characterized by controlling the opening of the check valve, activating the supply means to inject high-pressure fluid from the injection hole into the interior of the containment groove, and performing cleaning control to clean the interior of the containment groove and the static cone test device.

[0025] According to this embodiment, a fluid passage equipped with a check valve is connected to an injection hole provided on the wall surface of the containment groove, and a supply means (such as a water tank or high-pressure pump) for supplying high-pressure water is connected to the fluid passage. The control device performs cleaning control by injecting high-pressure fluid into the inside of the containment groove to clean the inside of the containment groove and the static cone test device, thereby preventing soil and sand from clogging the containment groove and hindering the movement of the rod.

[0026] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the static cone test system according to the present invention, The control device is The rotation stop control described above positions the receiving groove at or near the lower end of the cutter head. The test apparatus movement control allows the probe to perform the initial measurement of ground characteristics and then be housed in the storage trench. The cleaning control described above cleans the static cone testing apparatus, including the probe housed in the housing groove, Thereafter, the rotation stop control that rotates the cutter head upward by a predetermined angle, the test device movement control, and the cleaning control are treated as a set of controls and are repeatedly executed.

[0027] According to this embodiment, by starting the measurement of ground characteristics from the lower end or near the lower end of the cutter head, even if soil and sand have entered the containment trench during excavation, for example, the washed soil and sand can be easily discharged from the containment trench to the outside by gravity. For example, a measurement method can be applied in which the cutter head is rotated 180 degrees clockwise from the lower end to the upper end, multiple measurements are taken along the way, then the cutter head is rotated 180 degrees so that the containment trench is again at the lower end of the cutter head, and then the cutter head is rotated 180 degrees counterclockwise to the upper end, multiple measurements are taken along the way. Furthermore, by combining a control system that rotates the cutter head upward by a predetermined angle, a control system that moves the test device, and a cleaning control system, and by repeatedly executing this system, it is possible to suppress the clogging of the storage trench with soil and sand during the process of rotating the cutter head 360 degrees and performing multiple measurements, thereby ensuring that ground characteristics can be measured without maintenance.

[0028] Furthermore, another embodiment of the static cone test system according to the present invention is: In the aforementioned storage groove, if an opening / closing lid is provided for opening and closing the side opening, The control device is When the shield tunneling machine is excavating, the opening / closing cover is moved to close the side opening. The system is characterized by performing a control operation to move the opening / closing cover and open the side opening when measuring the ground characteristics.

[0029] According to this embodiment, an opening / closing cover is provided to open and close the side opening, and the control device moves the opening / closing cover to close the side opening when the shield tunneling machine is excavating, and moves the opening / closing cover to open the side opening when measuring the ground characteristics. This allows the rod to protrude from the storage trench into the ground and measure the ground characteristics while suppressing the intrusion of soil and groundwater into the storage trench during excavation.

[0030] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the static cone test system according to the present invention, The control device is This method is characterized by creating a CIM model of the ground characteristics within the ground based on multiple measurement locations within the ground that have been memorized and the ground characteristic data corresponding to each measurement location.

[0031] According to this embodiment, the control device creates a CIM model of the soil properties within the ground based on multiple measurement locations stored within the ground and the corresponding ground property data, thereby enabling the creation of a highly accurate CIM model of the soil properties. [Effects of the Invention]

[0032] The static cone testing device and static cone testing system of the present invention provide a static cone testing device that can be mounted on a shield tunneling machine without requiring a large-scale installation structure, and a static cone testing system that, by mounting the static cone testing device, can flexibly and with high accuracy identify the soil distribution at the tunnel face, which changes each time during excavation. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0033] [Figure 1] This figure shows an example of a static cone testing system including a static cone testing apparatus according to the present invention. [Figure 2] This is an enlarged view of part II of Figure 1, showing an example of a static cone test apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 3A] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the movement of a rod that constitutes an example of a static cone test apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 3B] Following Figure 3A, this is a schematic diagram illustrating the movement of a rod that constitutes an example of a static cone test apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 3C] Following Figure 3B, this is a schematic diagram illustrating the movement of a rod that constitutes an example of a static cone test apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of a control device. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of the functional configuration of a control device. [Figure 6A] This figure shows the state in which the side opening communicating with the housing groove that accommodates the static cone test device is aligned at any measurement position. [Figure 6B] This diagram shows the state in which a rod protrudes from a side opening, and the ground characteristics are being measured as the probe moves through the measurement range. [Figure 6C] This diagram illustrates how the cutter head rotates sequentially from the bottom upwards and stops, allowing for the measurement of ground characteristics at each stopping position. [Figure 7A]This diagram illustrates how ground properties are measured intermittently along a ring-shaped measurement range line. [Figure 7B] This figure shows an example of a soil distribution map (face cross-section) created based on the ground characteristics shown in Figure 7A. [Figure 8A] This figure shows an example of a longitudinal section diagram of soil distribution, created based on probes protruding into the ground from the side of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine, probes protruding into the ground from the main body of the shield tunneling machine, and probes protruding into the ground from the segments that make up the shield tunnel. [Figure 8B] Figure 8A shows an example of the current soil distribution map (face cross-section). [Figure 8C] Figure 8A shows an example of a soil distribution map at -10m of the tunnel face. [Figure 8D] Figure 8A shows an example of a soil distribution map at -20m of the tunnel face. [Figure 8E] This figure shows an example of a soil distribution map at +10m (forward face) in Figure 8A. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0034] The static cone test apparatus and static cone test system according to the embodiment will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. In this specification and drawings, substantially identical components may be denoted by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant explanations.

[0035] [Static cone testing apparatus and static cone testing system according to an embodiment] An example of a static cone test apparatus and static cone test system according to the embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 8. Here, Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of a static cone test system including the static cone test apparatus according to the embodiment, and Figure 2 is an enlarged view of part II of Figure 1, showing an enlarged view of an example of the static cone test apparatus according to the embodiment. Furthermore, Figures 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams illustrating the movement of the rods constituting an example of the static cone test apparatus according to the embodiment.

[0036] The illustrated static cone test system 100 comprises a shield tunneling machine 30, a static cone test device 40 built into the shield tunneling machine 30, and a control device 50 mounted on the shield tunneling machine 30. Here, the control device 50 may be installed on the ground, for example, at a management facility, instead of being mounted on the shield tunneling machine 30.

[0037] The illustrated example of the shield tunneling machine 30 has a main body 10 made of a steel shell and a cutter head 20 that is circular in front view and rotatably mounted in the X1 direction in front of the main body 10 in the tunneling direction. Inside the main body 10, a chamber 15 is provided on the back of the cutter head 20, and a mud supply pipe 16 for supplying viscous mud and a mud discharge pipe 17 for discharging the mud together with the excavated soil are connected to the chamber 15, making it a slurry-type shield tunneling machine. Here, the shield tunneling machine may also be a mud pressure balance shield tunneling machine, which is included in the closed-type shield tunneling machines along with the slurry-type shield tunneling machine.

[0038] Inside the main body 10, there is a shield jack 14, which is a drilling source that takes reaction force from multiple segments assembled in a ring shape and drills in the X2 direction, and a drive motor 12 that rotates the cutter head 20 is also provided.

[0039] The cutter head 20 is equipped with a number of cutting bits 23 on its front surface 21. The cutter head 20 may be a spoke-type head with multiple axial cutter spokes extending radially, or a faceplate-type head whose entire surface is planar, and either of these may be used.

[0040] The main unit 10 is equipped with a control device 50, which will be explained in detail below. Each component of the shield tunneling machine 30 and the static cone test device 40 are connected to the control device 50 in a communication manner. Through various controls by the control device 50, the measurement of the ground characteristics of the ground J, the creation of a soil distribution map based on the measurement results, and the creation of a CIM model are performed.

[0041] A side opening 25 is provided on a part of the side surface 25 of the cutter head 20, and a storage groove 26 communicating with the side opening 25 is provided inside the cutter head 20.

[0042] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a static cone test device 40 (CPT device) is inserted through the housing groove 26.

[0043] The static cone test apparatus 40 includes a rod 45 equipped with a probe 37 at its tip, a fixing part 41 fixed to the bottom surface 27 (an example of a wall surface) that constitutes the housing groove 26, and an extendable part 43 whose base end is fixed to the fixing part 41 and which extends and retracts by receiving a reaction force from the fixing part 41. By driving the extendable part 43, a part of the rod 45 and the probe 47 at its tip move in and out of the side opening 25a in the Y1 direction.

[0044] By conducting a static cone penetration test (CPT) using the static cone testing device 40, it becomes possible to measure various ground characteristics (such as tip resistance, circumferential friction, and pore water pressure), including the soil classification of the surrounding ground J, at each measurement point along the excavation path of the shield tunneling machine 30.

[0045] The telescopic section 43 is formed by a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, and a flange 48 that slides against the inner wall surface of the housing groove 26 is attached to the tip of the hydraulic cylinder mechanism, and the base end of the rod 45 is attached to the flange 48.

[0046] A brush ring 28, formed by bundling numerous wire brushes into a ring shape, is attached to a side opening 25a on the side 25 of the cutter head 20. By moving the rod 45 in and out of the side opening 25a in a position where it is slidingly in contact with the tip of each wire brush of the brush ring 28, it is possible to suppress soil and sand from entering the storage groove 26 when the rod 45 is placed in the storage groove 26 after being extended into the ground J.

[0047] Furthermore, an O-ring 49 is attached around the flange 48 to which the base end of the rod 45 is attached, and the O-ring 49 is in sliding contact with the inner wall surface of the housing groove 26. This configuration prevents groundwater, which is muddy water, from entering the expansion joint 43, and prevents damage to the hydraulic cylinder caused by groundwater.

[0048] Furthermore, a portion of the housing groove 26 is provided with injection holes 26a, and a fluid passage 61 is arranged around the housing groove 26 in the cutter head 20, communicating with the injection holes 26a and equipped with a check valve 62 in the middle. The cleaning device 60 is formed by this fluid passage 61 and a supply means (not shown) that supplies high-pressure water in communication with the fluid passage 61 (such as a water tank or a high-pressure pump, which is installed inside the main body 10, for example).

[0049] When the cleaning device 60 is not in operation, the check valve 62, which is normally kept closed, is opened. Then, the supply means is driven to supply high-pressure water to the fluid passage 61, and the inside of the housing groove 26 and the area around the rod 45 are cleaned by the high-pressure water through the injection holes 26a on the wall surface of the housing groove 26.

[0050] In this way, the cleaning device 60 cleans the inside of the storage groove 26 and the area around the rod 45 with high-pressure water each time, preventing soil and sand from clogging the inside of the storage groove 26 and hindering the movement of the rod 45.

[0051] In cases where the surrounding ground J is relatively hard, the groundwater level is lower than the excavation level of the shield tunneling machine 30, and there is no risk of soil and sand entering the containment trench 26, then the installation of the cleaning device 60 is unnecessary, or the operation of the installed cleaning device 60 can be made unnecessary.

[0052] As shown in Figure 3A, when the shield tunneling machine 30 excavates through the ground J while the cutter head 20 rotates, the entire rod 45, including the probe 47 at the tip, is completely housed in the storage trench 26.

[0053] Here, although not shown in the diagram, an opening / closing cover for opening and closing the side opening 25a may be slidably mounted on the outside of the brush ring 28. When the cutter head 20 is rotated and the shield tunneling machine 30 is excavating into the ground J, the opening / closing cover is closed to close the side opening 25a, and when the shield tunneling machine 30 is stopped to measure the ground characteristics, the opening / closing cover is opened and the probe 47 is pressed into the ground J, thereby preventing soil and sand from entering the containment trench 26 during excavation.

[0054] At the measurement position of the ground characteristics along the excavation path, the excavation of the shield tunneling machine 30 is stopped, and as shown in Figure 3B, a reaction force is taken from the bottom surface 27 to extend the telescopic section 43 toward the ground J in the Y2 direction, and the extension of the telescopic section 43 moves the rod 45 toward the ground J in the Y3 direction, so that the rod 45 slides against the brush ring 28 and the probe 47 at its tip is pressed into the ground J.

[0055] As shown in Figure 3C, the measurement range is defined as a predetermined area (for example, a range of about 200 mm to 300 mm) from the side surface 25 of the cutter head 20, and ground characteristics such as tip resistance, circumferential friction, and pore water pressure are measured as the probe 47 penetrates in the Y4 direction at a speed of about 20 mm / sec. Based on these measurement results, it becomes possible to estimate ground constants such as soil classification, N value, fine-grained content, undrained shear strength, transverse consolidation stress, and effective shear resistance angle.

[0056] After measuring the ground characteristics, the rod 45 is pulled back towards the housing groove 26 by retracting the expandable section 43, and the probe 47 at its tip is housed in the housing groove 26 via the brush ring 28, thereby forming the housing position of the static cone test device 40 into the housing groove 26 as shown in Figure 3A.

[0057] As explained below, at the stopping position of the shield tunneling machine 30, the cutter head 20 is rotated by a predetermined angle and stopped, and the series of steps shown in Figures 3A → 3B → 3C → 3A is performed. This is carried out over the entire circumference (360 degrees) of the cutter head 20, thereby measuring the ground characteristics over the entire circumference of the cutter head 20 at the stopping position of the shield tunneling machine 30.

[0058] Next, with reference to Figures 4 to 8, the control of various devices by the control device 50 will be explained in detail. Here, Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control device, and Figure 5 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the control device.

[0059] As shown in Figure 4, the control device 50 is composed of an information processing device (computer) such as a personal computer (PC). The computers constituting the control device 50 are interconnected by a connection bus 56 and include a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 51, main memory 52, auxiliary storage 53, communication interface 54, and input / output interface 55. The main memory 52 and auxiliary storage 53 are recording media that can be read by the computer. Note that each of the above components may be provided individually, or some of the components may be omitted.

[0060] The CPU 51 is also called an MPU (Microprocessor) or processor, and it may be a single processor or a multiprocessor. The CPU 51 is a central processing unit that controls the entire control unit 50, which consists of a computer. For example, the CPU 51 expands a program stored in the auxiliary storage device 53 into an executable format in the working area of ​​the main memory device 52, and controls peripheral devices through the execution of the program, thereby providing a function that matches a predetermined purpose.

[0061] The main memory 52 stores computer programs executed by the CPU 51 and data processed by the CPU 51. The main memory 52 includes, for example, flash memory, RAM (Random Access Memory), and ROM (Read Only Memory). The auxiliary memory 53 stores various programs and various data on a recording medium that can be read and written freely, and is also called an external memory. The auxiliary memory 53 stores, for example, the OS (Operating System), various programs, various tables, etc. The OS includes, for example, a communication interface program that exchanges data with external devices connected via the communication IF 54. External devices include, for example, a drive motor 12 that rotates and stops the cutter head 20, a static cone testing device 40 (its telescopic part 43), a cleaning device 60 (its check valve 62 and supply means), and a personal computer (not shown) for construction management located in the management building connected to the network.

[0062] The auxiliary storage device 53 is used, for example, as a storage area that assists the main memory 52, and stores computer programs executed by the CPU 51, data processed by the CPU 51, etc. The auxiliary storage device 53 is a silicon disk containing non-volatile semiconductor memory (flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM)), a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid-state drive, etc. Examples of auxiliary storage devices 53 include drives for removable recording media such as CD drives, DVD drives, and BD drives, and examples of removable recording media include CDs, DVDs, BDs, USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, SD (Secure Digital) memory cards, etc.

[0063] The input / output IF55 is an interface for inputting and outputting data between the control device 50 and the connected equipment. For example, pointing devices such as keyboards and touch panels, and input devices such as microphones are connected to the input / output IF55. The control device 50 receives operation instructions from the operator operating the input device via the input / output IF55.

[0064] Furthermore, the input / output IF55 can be connected to display devices such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and electroluminescent (EL) panels, as well as output devices such as printers and speakers.

[0065] The communication IF54 is the interface between the control device 50 and the network to which it is connected. The communication IF54 receives ground characteristic data from the probe 47 via various networks, including public networks such as the internet, wireless networks such as mobile phone networks, dedicated networks such as VPNs (Virtual Private Networks), and LANs (Local Area Networks).

[0066] As shown in Figure 5, the control device 50, through the execution of a program by the CPU 51, provides various functions, at least including the acquisition unit 102, the rotation stop unit 104, the test device movement unit 106, the coordinate identification unit 108, the cleaning device drive unit 110, the model creation unit 112, the display unit 114, and the storage unit 116. Here, at least a portion of the above processing functions may be provided by a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), etc. Similarly, at least a portion of the above processing functions may be provided by a dedicated LSI (large scale integration) such as an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), a numerical processing processor, an image processing processor, or other digital circuits.

[0067] The acquisition unit 102 receives ground characteristic data measured by the probe 47, and stores it in the storage unit 116 as needed.

[0068] Here, the shield tunneling machine 30, for example, the main body 10, is equipped with coordinate surveying equipment (not shown) including a gyrocompass, level meter, total station, etc. By surveying a prism, etc., installed on the shaft side where the absolute coordinates (three-dimensional absolute coordinates) have been identified using the total station, the three-dimensional absolute coordinates of the tunneling machine coordinate reference position set in the shield tunneling machine 30 can be determined.

[0069] Furthermore, in the shield tunneling machine 30, the relative position of the storage groove 26 based on the rotation angle data of the cutter head 20 with respect to the tunneling machine coordinate reference position is determined by a rotation angle measuring device (not shown).

[0070] The coordinate identification unit 108 identifies the absolute coordinates (measurement position data) of the probe 47 at the measurement position based on the absolute coordinate data (three-dimensional coordinate data) of the reference position of the tunneling machine and the relative coordinate data of the storage trench 26 (the probe 47 located at a position where it has moved a predetermined protruding length into the ground) measured by the rotation angle measuring device.

[0071] The measurement location data for each measurement location and the ground characteristic data measured at that measurement location are acquired by the acquisition unit 102 and stored in the storage unit 116 in a linked state.

[0072] The rotation stop unit 104 stops the shield tunneling machine 30 at the measurement position of the ground J, and then performs operation control (rotation stop control) of the drive motor 12 in order to rotate the cutter head 20 to a predetermined angle (for example, 10 degrees or 20 degrees) and stop it.

[0073] Here, as shown in Figure 7A, the measurement of ground characteristics at any measurement position is performed starting from the lower end P1 (or near the lower end) of the cutter head 20. For example, the cutter head is rotated by a predetermined angle in the clockwise X3 direction and the ground characteristics are measured at the position where it stops. This is repeated up to the upper end P2 (or near the upper end) of the cutter head 20. Next, the cutter head 20 is rotated to return the static cone test device 40 to the lower end P1. Then, the cutter head is rotated by a predetermined angle in the counterclockwise X4 direction and the ground characteristics are measured at the position where it stops. This is repeated up to the upper end P2 (or near the upper end) of the cutter head 20. In this way, ground characteristic data can be obtained at multiple measurement positions within a 360-degree range, which is the outer circumference of the cutter head 20.

[0074] As shown in the illustrated example, by starting the measurement of ground characteristics from the lower end of the cutter head 20 or its vicinity, even if soil has entered the storage trench 26 during excavation, for example, the washed soil can be easily discharged from the storage trench 26 to the outside by gravity, and the rod 45 of the static cone test device 40 can be easily moved inside the storage trench 26, making it possible to measure ground characteristics at each measurement position. Note that the measurement start position and measurement order may be set in various ways other than those shown in the illustrated example.

[0075] As shown in Figure 6A, after the housing groove 26 of the cutter head 20 stops at a predetermined measurement position, as shown in Figure 6B, the test device movement unit 106 drives the extension / retraction unit 43 of the static cone test device 40 to move the probe 47 (test device movement control).

[0076] The probe 47 at the tip of the rod 45 measures ground characteristics such as tip resistance, circumferential friction, and pore water pressure as it penetrates in the Y4 direction at a rate of approximately 20 mm / sec.

[0077] As previously explained, the coordinate identification unit 108 identifies the measurement location data of the probe 47, and the acquisition unit 102 acquires the ground characteristic data measured by the probe 47 at that measurement location, linked to the measurement location data.

[0078] After the probe 47 measures the ground characteristics, as the probe 47 is being housed in the storage groove 26 by the extension and contraction of the expandable section 43, the check valve 62 of the cleaning device 60 is opened by the cleaning device drive unit 110, and the supply means is driven, so that the rod 45 and the entire area of ​​the storage groove 26 are cleaned with high-pressure water (cleaning control).

[0079] In this way, the control device 50 performs a series of controls at each measurement position, with rotation stop control, test device movement control, and cleaning control as a single set of controls.

[0080] This series of controls prevents soil and sediment from clogging the storage groove 26 during the process of rotating the cutter head 20 360 degrees and performing multiple measurements, thus ensuring that ground characteristics can be measured without maintenance.

[0081] In the example shown in Figure 7A, based on ground characteristic data acquired at multiple measurement locations within a 360-degree range around the cutter head 20, four layers are identified from bottom to top: cohesive soil C (t1 range and the range below it), gravelly soil G (t2 range), sandy soil S-2 (t3 range) with different hardness, etc., and sandy soil S-1 (t4 range and the range above it).

[0082] The model creation unit 112 connects the corresponding left and right positions of cohesive soil C, gravelly soil G, sandy soil S-2, and sandy soil S-1, which were identified on the outer circumference of the cutter head 20, thereby creating a soil distribution map M of the face cross-section as shown in Figure 7B.

[0083] As shown in Figure 8A, the shield tunneling machine 30 stops at each location where the ground characteristics are measured as it excavates, and a soil distribution map M1 at the current tunnel face is created using the method already described, as shown in Figure 8B.

[0084] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8A, a separate probe-equipped rod 70 is pressed into the ground from the main body 10 of the shield tunneling machine 30 (for example, 10 m before the current face), and as shown in Figure 8C, a soil distribution map M2 at this measurement location is created by the control device 50.

[0085] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8A, a separate probe-equipped rod 80 is pressed into the ground from any segment ring SL of the constructed shield tunnel T, which is composed of multiple segment rings SL (for example, 20 m before the current face), and as shown in Figure 8D, a soil distribution map M3 at this measurement location is created by the control device 50.

[0086] The model creation unit 112 creates a three-dimensional CIM model based on these multiple (three in the illustrated example) soil distribution maps M1, M2, and M3. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8E, it can create a soil distribution map M4 of the excavation face located ahead in the direction of excavation (for example, 10 m ahead).

[0087] The soil distribution maps and CIM models created in the model creation unit 112 are displayed on the display unit 114 in real time, allowing administrators to perform various construction management tasks by referring to the display screen.

[0088] For example, by referring to measurement results from a separate probe-equipped rod 80 and the created drawings, when high-risk soil types such as soft layers are identified, it is possible to check for loosening or the occurrence of voids, and to grasp the medium- to long-term conditions of the ground J surrounding the shield tunnel T after the shield tunneling machine 30 has passed.

[0089] Furthermore, by adding a mud additive with a concentration and amount appropriate to the specified soil type to the soil taken into the shield tunneling machine 30, the appropriate amount of excavated soil can be determined, enabling efficient construction management in terms of arranging dump trucks to transport the soil above ground and vehicles to transport materials and equipment.

[0090] Furthermore, other embodiments may be used in which other components are combined with the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and the present invention is not limited in any way to the configurations shown herein. In this regard, modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined according to the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0091] 10: Main body (steel shell) 12: Drive motor 14: Shield Jack 15: Chamber 16:Sludge pipe 17:Sludge drainage pipe 20: Cutter head 21:Front 23: Cutting Bit 25: Side view 25a: Side opening 26: Storage groove 26a: Injection hole 27: Bottom 28: Brush Ring 30: Shield tunneling machine 40: Static cone test apparatus 41: Fixed part 43: Telescopic part 45: Rod 47: probe 48: Flange 49: O-ring 50: Control device 60: Washing device 61: Fluid flow path 62: Check valve 70, 80: Rod with probe 100: Static cone test system 102: Acquisition Department 104: Rotation stop unit 106: Test equipment moving section 108: Coordinate Identification Section 110: Washing device drive unit 112: Model Creation Department 114: Display section 116: Storage section J: Ground C: Cohesive soil G: Gravel soil S-1,S-2:Sandy soil M,M1,M2,M3,M4: Soil distribution map SL: Segment Ring T: Shield tunnel L: Measurement range line

Claims

1. A static cone test device, mounted on a shield tunneling machine, having a main body made of a steel shell and a cutter head rotatably mounted in front of the main body in the direction of excavation and equipped with a cutting bit, measures ground properties by statically pressing a cone-shaped probe into the ground from inside the side of the cutter head, A rod is provided inside the cutter head, is inserted into a housing groove that communicates with a side opening facing the side, and has the probe at its tip, A fixing part fixed to the wall surface of the aforementioned groove, The base end of the fixed part is fixed to the fixed part, and the expandable part expands and contracts by receiving a reaction force from the fixed part, As the telescopic portion extends, the probe at the tip of the rod is pressed into the ground through the side opening. A static cone testing apparatus characterized in that, as the telescopic portion retracts, the probe at the tip of the rod is housed in the housing groove through the side opening.

2. The static cone testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a brush ring is provided in the side opening or near the side opening of the receiving groove, which slides against the rod that moves in and out of the side opening.

3. The static cone testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that an O-ring is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the rod, the fixed portion, or the extendable portion, which slides against the inner wall surface of the housing groove.

4. The static cone testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing groove is provided with an opening / closing lid for opening and closing the side opening.

5. Shield tunneling machine and A static cone testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is mounted on the shield tunneling machine, The device includes a control device that controls the rotation of the cutter head and controls the operation of each component of the static cone testing apparatus. The control device is Rotation stop control that stops the rotation after the cutter head has been rotated by a predetermined angle, The test apparatus movement control is performed by activating the telescopic section to press the probe into the ground through the side opening of the stopped cutter head, and returning the probe, which has measured the ground characteristics, to the storage groove through the side opening. A static cone test system characterized by repeatedly executing the rotation stop control and the test device movement control as a single control set.

6. A coordinate surveying device for determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the aforementioned shield tunneling machine, The system further includes a rotation angle measuring device for measuring the rotation angle of the cutter head, The control device is When measuring ground characteristics, the absolute coordinate data of the shield tunneling machine stopped in the ground, transmitted from the coordinate surveying device, The relative coordinate data of the static cone test device to the shield tunneling machine is received, based on the rotation angle data of the cutter head transmitted from the rotation angle measuring device. The static cone test system according to claim 5, characterized in that it receives measured ground characteristic data transmitted from the static cone test device and stores ground characteristic data corresponding to the measurement location in the ground.

7. A cleaning device is provided which has injection holes provided on the wall surface of the aforementioned storage groove, a fluid passage communicating with the injection holes and equipped with a check valve in the middle, and a supply means for supplying high-pressure water to the fluid passage. The control device is The static cone testing system according to claim 6, characterized in that the check valve is opened, the supply means is activated to inject high-pressure fluid from the injection hole into the interior of the containment groove, and cleaning control is performed to clean the interior of the containment groove and the static cone testing device.

8. The control device is The rotation stop control described above positions the housing groove at or near the lower end of the cutter head. The test apparatus movement control allows the probe to perform the initial measurement of ground characteristics and then be housed in the storage trench. The cleaning control described above cleans the static cone testing apparatus, including the probe housed in the housing groove, The static cone test system according to claim 7, characterized in that thereafter, the rotation stop control that rotates the cutter head upward by a predetermined angle, the test device movement control, and the cleaning control are treated as a set of controls and executed repeatedly.

9. In the aforementioned storage groove, if an opening / closing lid is provided for opening and closing the side opening, The control device is When the shield tunneling machine is excavating, the opening / closing cover is moved to close the side opening. The static cone test system according to claim 8, characterized in that when measuring the ground characteristics, control is performed to move the opening / closing cover and open the side opening.

10. The control device is The static cone test system according to claim 5, characterized in that it creates a CIM model relating to the ground characteristics within the ground based on multiple measurement locations within the ground that have been stored and ground characteristic data corresponding to each measurement location.

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