A deviation-preventing structure for shield tunnel construction

Abstract

This invention provides a shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure, including a shield machine (TBM), with a tunnel segment connected to one axial side of the TBM. An adjustment mechanism is provided between the TBM and the tunnel segment, adapted to drive the TBM to move radially along the tunnel segment. A positioning groove is formed on the side of the TBM facing the tunnel segment, and a protective opening communicating with the positioning groove is formed on the radially outer side of the TBM. The protective opening is an openable and closable protective opening. This shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure, through the coordinated arrangement of the sensing mechanism and the adjustment mechanism, utilizes an angle sensor and an angle sensing plate to quickly sense the angular deviation of the TBM, facilitating the adjustment mechanism to deflect the entire TBM, and enabling the TBM to adjust its attitude within a small range, reducing cutterhead wear and increasing the service life of the TBM.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure. Background Technology

[0002] During shield tunnel construction, the shield machine is prone to deviation due to various factors such as geological conditions, construction equipment, and operating techniques. This deviation not only affects the tunnel's construction quality but can also adversely impact the surrounding environment. Therefore, establishing an effective anti-deviation structure is crucial for ensuring the safety and quality of tunnel construction. For example, application number 201810886616.1 discloses a shield propulsion system control method for resisting eccentric loading. In this system, a circular partition is fixed to the shield body, the cutterhead cuts rock and soil which is then transported out via a screw conveyor, and the right end of the hydraulic jacks is supported by support shoes on the tunnel lining segments. The reaction force on the segments propels the entire shield forward. All hydraulic cylinders within the propulsion system are evenly distributed. This shield propulsion system control method calculates the arc angle θ and azimuth angle φ based on the geomechanical parameters during shield excavation. This information is used to control the start and stop of the hydraulic cylinder group, which is arranged in a ring, equidistant, and continuous manner within the propulsion system. By adjusting the distribution of the hydraulic cylinders in real time, this method solves the eccentric loading problem during shield excavation.

[0003] However, to address the directional deviation of small tunnel boring machines (TBMs), it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the TBM within the tunnel cavity. Existing correction systems utilize adjustments to the cutterhead's posture to allow the TBM to move within a small range. During this process, the cutterhead's rollers experience significant wear, affecting the TBM's service life.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, this invention proposes a shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure that can control the overall attitude adjustment of the shield machine and reduce the wear of the cutterhead rollers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the attitude adjustment of existing small tunnel boring machines, this invention provides a structure for preventing deviation during tunnel construction.

[0006] According to one objective of the present invention, the present invention provides a shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure, including a shield machine, a tunnel segment connected to one axial side of the shield machine, and an adjustment mechanism provided between the shield machine and the tunnel segment, the adjustment mechanism being adapted to drive the shield machine to move radially in the tunnel segment;

[0007] The tunnel boring machine has a positioning groove on one side facing the tunnel segment. A protective opening communicating with the positioning groove is provided on the radially outer side of the tunnel boring machine. The protective opening is an openable and closable protective opening. A matching angle sensor and angle sensing plate are installed between the tunnel boring machine and the tunnel segment. The angle sensor and the angle sensing plate are both located inside the positioning groove. The angle sensor and the adjustment mechanism are electrically connected.

[0008] Preferably, the tunnel boring machine is provided with a fixing frame on the side near the tunnel segment;

[0009] The adjustment mechanism includes a drive component, an eccentric disk, and a rotating column connected sequentially along the axis of the tube segment. The drive component is installed on the inner side of the tube segment, and the eccentric disk is installed at the output end of the drive component. The drive component is configured to drive the eccentric disk to rotate around the axis of the output end of the drive component. The rotating column is located on the side of the eccentric disk opposite to the drive component, and the rotating column and the fixed frame are movably connected.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of balls arranged in a ring and embedded between the eccentric disk and the fixed frame. The eccentric disk and the fixed frame are adapted to move radially by the balls. The fixed frame has an embedding groove, and the end of the rotating column opposite to the eccentric disk is engaged in the embedding groove.

[0011] Preferably, the shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure further includes a protective component, which opens and closes the protective opening. The protective component includes:

[0012] The protective plate has a slot on the inner side of the protective opening, and the protective plate slides on the inner side of the slot.

[0013] A rubber strip is fixed to one end of the protective plate, and the side of the tunnel segment facing the tunnel boring machine is in contact with the rubber strip.

[0014] Preferably, the protective component further includes:

[0015] A compression spring is connected between the slot and the protective plate, and the compression spring is configured to push the protective plate toward the tube segment;

[0016] A limiting rod is fixed to the other end of the protective plate, and a compression spring is sleeved on the inner side of the limiting rod. The inner wall of the slot has a slot hole that is slidably connected to the limiting rod.

[0017] Preferably, a limiting block is provided on the side of the protective plate away from the positioning groove, and a positioning component is provided above the positioning groove of the protective plate. The positioning component is adapted to constrain the limiting block when the protective plate closes the protective opening.

[0018] Preferably, the inner wall of the positioning groove is provided with rotating grooves on both sides, the positioning component includes a positioning rod, the ends of the positioning rods correspond one-to-one with the rotating grooves, the ends of the positioning rods are rotatably connected to the inner side of the rotating grooves, the positioning rods are provided with protrusions, and the limiting block engages with the protrusions on one side of the slot length direction.

[0019] Preferably, the tunnel boring machine includes a cutterhead, a front shield, a middle shield, and a tail shield connected sequentially along the axial direction. The tail shield is connected to the tunnel segment. The positioning groove is opened on the top of the tail shield. The angle sensor is connected to the tunnel segment. The angle sensing plate is fixed to the inner wall of the positioning groove on the side opposite to the tunnel segment. The angle sensor and the angle sensing plate are arranged opposite to each other.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] This shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure, through the coordinated setup of sensing and adjustment mechanisms, utilizes angle sensors and angle sensing plates to quickly detect angular deviations of the shield machine. This allows the adjustment mechanism to deflect the entire shield machine, facilitating attitude adjustment and enabling small-range movement of the shield machine. This reduces cutterhead wear and extends the service life of the shield machine.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the positioning groove, angle sensing plate, and protective components of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the tunnel segments, the adjustment mechanism, and the tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the eccentric disk and the rotating column from one perspective of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM); 11. Cutterhead; 12. Front Shield; 13. Middle Shield; 14. Tail Shield; 2. Segment; 3. Sensing Mechanism; 31. Positioning Slot; 32. Angle Sensing Plate; 33. Protective Component; 331. Slot; 332. Protective Plate; 333. Rubber Strip; 334. Compression Spring; 335. Limiting Rod; 34. Angle Sensor; 35. Positioning Component; 351. Rotating Slot; 352. Positioning Rod; 353. Protrusion; 36. Limiting Block; 4. Fixing Frame; 5. Adjustment Mechanism; 51. Bearing Column; 52. Driving Component; 53. Rotating Shaft; 54. Connecting Rod; 55. Rotating Component; 551. Eccentric Disc; 552. Ball Bearing; 553. Rotating Column; 56. Embedding Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following description is intended to provide a detailed account of the invention so that those skilled in the art can implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0031] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides a technical solution: a shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure, comprising: a shield machine 1, the shield machine 1 being a small shield structure, one end of the shield machine 1 being connected to a segment 2, facilitating the movement of the shield machine 1 within the cavity of the segment 2; the shield machine 1 comprising a cutterhead 11, a front shield 12, a middle shield 13, and a tail shield 14 connected sequentially along the axial direction; the cutterhead 11 being located at the end of the segment 2 furthest away; the front shield 12 being installed at one end of the cutterhead 11; the middle shield 13 being installed at one end of the front shield 12; the tail shield 14 being installed at one end of the middle shield 13; and the tail shield 14 being installed at one end of the segment 2; the rotation of the cutterhead 11 facilitates the excavation of the tunnel cavity by the cutter head, and the front shield 12, middle shield 13, and tail shield 14 provide support for the tunnel wall;

[0032] Further, see Figure 2-5A sensing mechanism 3 is installed at the top of one end of the tunnel boring machine 1. The sensing mechanism 3 includes: a positioning groove 31, an angle sensing plate 32, a protective component 33, an angle sensor 34, a positioning component 35, and a limiting block 36. The positioning groove 31 is located at the top of the tunnel boring machine 1. A protective opening communicating with the positioning groove 31 is provided on the radially outer side of the tunnel boring machine 1. Specifically, the positioning groove 31 is located at the top of the tail shield 14. The angle sensing plate 32 is fixed to one end of the inner wall of the positioning groove 31. The angle sensor 34 is arranged opposite to the angle sensing plate 32 and is fixed to one end of the tunnel segment 2. The angle sensor 34 communicates with the angle sensing plate 32. The plate 32 is designed to facilitate angle sensing between the tunnel boring machine 1 and the tunnel segment 2, and to facilitate sensing the angular offset direction of the tunnel boring machine 1. The angle sensor 34 is based on the photoelectric effect for measurement. The angle sensing plate 32 is a plate-shaped component used to reflect light signals. The protective component 33 is used to close the protective opening at the top of the positioning groove 31. The positioning component 35 is set at one end of the inner cavity of the positioning groove 31, and the limiting block 36 is set at one end of the protective component 33. The protective component 33 helps to reduce the amount of soil entering the inner cavity of the positioning groove 31. The positioning component 35 and the limiting block 36 improve the stability of the position of the protective component 33.

[0033] Specifically, the protective component 33 includes: a slot 331, a protective plate 332, a rubber strip 333, a compression spring 334, and a limiting rod 335. The slot 331 is located at the top of the positioning groove 31. The protective plate 332 slides horizontally within the cavity of the slot 331. The rubber strip 333 is fixed to one end of the protective plate 332 and fits against one end of the pipe segment 2. By sliding the protective plate 332, the rubber strip 333 can fit tightly against one end of the pipe segment 2, reducing soil impact in the positioning groove 331. 1. The inner cavity is filled with compression spring 334 fixed between the slot 331 and the protective plate 332, and the limiting rod 335 fixed to the other end of the protective plate 332. The compression spring 334 is sleeved on the outside of the limiting rod 335. The inner wall of the slot 331 is provided with a slot hole that slides and connects with the limiting rod 335. The limiting rod 335 improves the stability of the compression spring 334. The elasticity of the compression spring 334 makes it easy for the protective plate 332 to be stably pressed against one end of the tube 2, thereby improving the stability of the position of the protective plate 332.

[0034] Specifically, the positioning component 35 is disposed above the protective plate 332, and the limiting block 36 is fixed to the upper surface of the protective plate 332. The positioning component 35 includes: multiple rotating grooves 351, a positioning rod 352, and multiple protrusions 353. The multiple rotating grooves 351 are respectively opened on both sides of the inner wall of the positioning groove 31. The two ends of the positioning rod 352 are respectively rotatably inserted and connected to the inner cavity of the multiple rotating grooves 351. The multiple protrusions 353 are respectively disposed at both ends of the positioning rod 352. By engaging the positioning rod 352 with the inner cavity of the limiting block 36, the stability of the position of the protective plate 332 can be improved again. Furthermore, by pushing the positioning rod 352, the engagement with the limiting block 36 can be easily released, making it easier to push the protective plate 332 and thus facilitate the cleaning of the inner cavity of the positioning groove 31.

[0035] Further, see Figure 4 and 6 One end of the tail shield 14 is fixedly connected to a fixing frame 4. An adjustment mechanism 5 is provided between the tunnel boring machine 1 and the segment 2. The adjustment mechanism 5 is adapted to drive the tunnel boring machine 1 to move radially in the segment 2. The angle sensor 34 is electrically connected to the adjustment mechanism 5 so that the adjustment mechanism 5 can adjust the relative position between the tunnel boring machine 1 and the segment 2 according to the data monitored by the angle sensor 34. The adjustment mechanism 5 includes: a bearing column 51, a driving component 52, a rotating shaft 53, a connecting rod 54, a rotating assembly 55, and an embedded groove 56. The bearing column 51 is fixed to... The inner wall of the tube segment 2 has a drive component 52 fixedly inserted into the middle of the support column 51. The drive component 52 is electrically connected to an external power supply through an external switch. The rotating shaft 53 is connected to the output end of the drive component 52. The connecting rod 54 is fixed to one end of the inner wall of the tube segment 2. The rotating shaft 53 is rotatably inserted into the middle of the connecting rod 54 through a bearing. The rotating component 55 is set in the middle of the rotating shaft 53. The embedded groove 56 is opened on the top of the fixed frame 4. The drive component 52 is a high-power drive motor. Through the drive of the drive component 52, the rotating shaft 53 can drive the rotating component 55 to rotate.

[0036] Specifically, the rotating assembly 55 includes: an eccentric disk 551, multiple balls 552, and a rotating column 553. The eccentric disk 551 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 53. The multiple balls 552 are arranged in a ring array and rolled on one side of the eccentric disk 551. The balls 552 are rolledly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame 4, which improves the rolling stability between the balls 552 and the fixed frame 4. One end of the rotating column 553 is a spherical structure. The rotating column 553 is fixed to one end of the eccentric disk 551 and is engaged in the inner cavity of the embedded groove 56. The setting of the rotating column 553 makes it easy for the eccentric disk 551 to drive the tail shield 14 to shift its angle through the fixed frame 4, so that its angle sensor 34 can be deflected to a suitable angle, which makes the deflection of the entire shield machine 1 convenient and stable, makes the attitude adjustment of the shield machine 1 convenient, reduces the wear of the cutter head 11, and improves the service life of the shield machine 1.

[0037] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The scope of patent application of the present invention should not be limited by these embodiments. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit disclosed in the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel construction anti-deviation structure, comprising a shield machine (1), characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine (1) is connected to a segment (2) on one axial side. An adjustment mechanism (5) is provided between the tunnel boring machine (1) and the segment (2). The adjustment mechanism (5) is adapted to drive the tunnel boring machine (1) to move in the radial direction of the segment (2). The shield machine (1) has a positioning groove (31) on one side facing the segment (2). An angle sensor (34) and an angle sensing plate (32) are installed between the shield machine (1) and the segment (2). The angle sensor (34) and the angle sensing plate (32) are both located inside the positioning groove (31). The angle sensor (34) and the adjustment mechanism (5) are electrically connected. A protective opening communicating with the positioning groove (31) is provided on the radial outer side of the shield machine (1). The protective opening is an openable and closable protective opening. The adjustment mechanism (5) includes a support column (51) fixed to the inner wall of the tube segment (2), a drive member (52) installed on the support column (51), a rotating shaft (53) connected to the output end of the drive member (52), and a connecting rod (54) for supporting the rotating shaft (53). An eccentric disk (551) is installed at the output end of the drive unit (52). The drive unit (52) is configured to drive the eccentric disk (551) to rotate around the axis of the output end of the drive unit (52). A rotating column (553) is provided on the side of the eccentric disk (551) away from the drive unit (52). The rotating column (553) is movably connected to the fixed frame (4) provided on the tunnel boring machine (1).

2. The anti-deviation structure for shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (5) includes a plurality of balls (552), which are arranged in a ring and embedded between the eccentric disk (551) and the fixed frame (4). The eccentric disk (551) and the fixed frame (4) are adapted to move radially through the balls (552). The fixed frame (4) has an embedding groove (56), and the end of the rotating column (553) facing away from the eccentric disk (551) is engaged in the embedding groove (56).

3. The anti-deviation structure for shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective component (33), which opens and closes the protective opening, the protective component (33) comprising: The protective plate (332) has a slot (331) on the inner side of the protective opening, and the protective plate (332) slides on the inner side of the slot (331); A rubber strip (333) is fixed to one end of the protective plate (332), and the side of the tunnel segment (2) facing the shield machine (1) is in contact with the rubber strip (333).

4. The anti-deviation structure for shield tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective component (33) also includes: A compression spring (334) is connected between the slot (331) and the protective plate (332), and the compression spring (334) is configured to push the protective plate (332) toward the tube segment (2); A limiting rod (335) is fixed to the other end of the protective plate (332). A compression spring (334) is sleeved on the inner side of the limiting rod (335). The inner wall of the slot (331) is provided with a slot that is slidably connected to the limiting rod (335).

5. The anti-deviation structure for shield tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting block (36) is provided on the side of the protective plate (332) away from the positioning groove (31). A positioning component (35) is provided above the protective plate (332). The positioning component (35) is adapted to constrain the limiting block (36) when the protective plate (332) closes the protective opening.

6. The anti-deviation structure for shield tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, Rotating grooves (351) are respectively provided on both sides of the inner wall of the positioning groove (31). The positioning component (35) includes a positioning rod (352). The ends of the positioning rod (352) correspond one-to-one with the rotating grooves (351). The ends of the positioning rod (352) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the rotating groove (351). A protrusion (353) is provided on the positioning rod (352). The limiting block (36) engages with the protrusion (353) on one side of the length direction of the slot (331).

7. The anti-deviation structure for shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel boring machine (1) includes a cutterhead (11), a front shield (12), a middle shield (13) and a tail shield (14) connected sequentially along the axial direction. The tail shield (14) is connected to the tunnel segment (2). The positioning groove (31) is opened on the top of the tail shield (14). The angle sensor (34) is connected to the tunnel segment (2). The angle sensing plate (32) is fixed to the inner wall of the positioning groove (31) on the side opposite to the tunnel segment (2). The angle sensor (34) is arranged opposite to the angle sensing plate (32).

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