Concrete compaction device and concrete compaction method

Abstract

Even when used for compacting concrete in large areas such as floor slabs, there is no need to enlarge the equipment, workers do not need to carry the necessary equipment for concrete compaction, and workers can perform concrete compaction without gripping the vibrator. [Solution] The system includes a vibrator 20 mounted on a trolley 12 and a lifting mechanism 22 that moves the vibrator 20 up and down. The vibrator 20 moves up and down by the lifting mechanism 22, automatically inserting it into and withdrawing it from the concrete. Workers do not need to directly hold the vibrator 20; they only need to move the trolley 12. Furthermore, if a recording unit 40A is provided to record the work position, etc., the uniformity of the work and the sophistication of quality control can be achieved by saving the history of the compaction work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a concrete compacting device and a concrete compacting method, and more particularly, to a concrete compacting device and a concrete compacting method that do not require an operator to hold a vibrator.

Background Art

[0002] In domestic construction sites for concrete work, as a concrete compacting machine, an eccentric vibrator with a built-in motor in the main body is generally used (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). However, when this vibrator is used for compacting concrete in a large area such as a floor slab, the power cord becomes an obstacle to the compacting work, so an auxiliary worker (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a "cord holder") is required to manage the power cord (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] In contrast, Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a backpack-type vibrator that enables a single operator to perform concrete compacting work without an auxiliary worker (cord holder). This backpack-type vibrator adopts a lithium-ion battery and omits the power cord, and is also lightweight.

[0004] On the other hand, a movable-type vibrator with a vibrator mounted on a movable body that can move without the operator carrying the vibrator is also known. (For example, see Patent Document 1)

[0005] In the technology described in Patent Document 1, since the operator can perform the concrete compacting work without carrying the equipment, the fatigue burden caused by vibration and the like during the compacting work can be reduced.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

[0007] [Non-Patent Document 1] Takeshi Yuge, Development of a lightweight, ergonomically designed "wearable vibrator (registered trademark)", Construction Machinery and Construction Vol. 70, No. 11, November 2018. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] However, the concrete vibrator support device described in Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which a vibrator is mounted on a beam that spans over the concrete to be compacted, and a pair of legs move on wheels on a flat surface outside the formwork of the concrete to be compacted. When used for compacting concrete in large areas such as floor slabs, the length of the beam needs to be increased, which leads to the problem of the device becoming large.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of the above, and aims to provide a concrete compaction device and concrete compaction method that do not require the device to be made large, even when used for compacting concrete in large areas such as floor slabs, and that do not require workers to carry the equipment necessary for concrete compaction work on their backs, and that allow workers to perform concrete compaction work without gripping a vibrator. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The present invention solves the aforementioned problems and is a concrete compaction device and concrete compaction method as described below.

[0011] That is, the first embodiment of the concrete compaction device according to the present invention is a device for compacting concrete poured between reinforcing bars arranged at predetermined intervals, comprising: a trolley; a vibrator mounted on the trolley and inserted into the concrete to compact the concrete; and a lifting mechanism mounted on the trolley for moving the vibrator vertically, wherein the vibrator moves vertically by the lifting mechanism to insert into and remove from the concrete, the trolley is equipped with wheels, and the vibrator is positioned such that its longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the extension of the wheel axle when viewed from a direction parallel to the direction in which the trolley moves, and its longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the concrete construction surface, and the position of the vibrator is positioned within a distance range corresponding to half the predetermined interval of the reinforcing bars relative to the wheel axle position when viewed from a direction parallel to the wheel axle.

[0012] In this application, "cart" means a movable body equipped with a loading platform and configured to move in a planar direction, and it does not necessarily have to be equipped with wheels or handles.

[0013] Furthermore, in this application, "construction surface of concrete" refers to the upper surface of the concrete, and "construction surface of concrete" includes both cases where the upper surface of the concrete is a horizontal surface and cases where it is an inclined surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the phrase "when viewed from a direction parallel to the wheel axle, the position of the vibrator is within a distance range corresponding to half the predetermined spacing of the reinforcing bars relative to the wheel axle position" also includes the case where, when viewed from a direction parallel to the wheel axle, the extension line of the vibrator extended in its longitudinal direction is within a distance range corresponding to half the predetermined spacing of the reinforcing bars relative to the wheel axle position.

[0015] Furthermore, with respect to the concrete compaction device in this application, descriptions expressing directions such as "up and down" and descriptions expressing positions such as "up" and "down" shall be determined based on the conditions under which concrete compaction work is actually performed on site using the concrete compaction device.

[0016] A second embodiment of the concrete compaction device according to the present invention is a concrete compaction device according to the first embodiment, characterized in that, when viewed from a direction parallel to the axle of the wheel, the position of the vibrator is arranged at a position intersecting the axle position of the wheel.

[0017] Here, the phrase "the position of the vibrator is such that, when viewed from a direction parallel to the axle of the wheel, it intersects with the axle position of the wheel" includes the case where, when viewed from a direction parallel to the axle of the wheel, the extension of the vibrator in its longitudinal direction intersects with the axle position of the wheel.

[0018] A third aspect of the concrete compaction device according to the present invention is a concrete compaction device according to the first or second aspect, characterized in that the trolley is provided with wheels on one side in the direction of travel of the trolley and with sliding means on the other side in the direction of travel of the trolley.

[0019] A fourth aspect of the concrete compaction device according to the present invention is a concrete compaction device according to any of the first to third aspects, characterized in that it is provided with a moving mechanism for moving the vibrator in a direction parallel to the axle of the wheel.

[0020] A fifth aspect of the concrete compaction device according to the present invention is a concrete compaction device according to any of the first to fourth aspects, further comprising: a recording unit that records thickness information for each position within the construction surface of the concrete to be compacted; and an information processing unit that determines the insertion depth of the vibrator into the concrete at its current position based on the thickness information recorded in the recording unit, and issues a command to the lifting mechanism to control the vertical position of the vibrator.

[0021] A sixth aspect of the concrete compaction device according to the present invention is a concrete compaction device according to the fifth aspect, wherein the concrete compaction device further includes a vibrator position detection means mounted on the trolley for detecting the vertical position of the vibrator, and the information processing unit controls the vertical position of the vibrator based on the detection result by the vibrator position detection means.

[0022] A seventh aspect of the concrete compaction device according to the present invention is a concrete compaction device according to the fifth or sixth aspect, wherein the concrete compaction device further includes a rebar position detection means mounted on the trolley for detecting the position of rebars placed in the concrete to be compacted, the recording unit further records information on the arrangement of rebars placed in the concrete to be compacted, the information processing unit calculates the current position of the vibrator by taking into account at least the detection result by the rebar position detection means and the information on the arrangement of rebars recorded in the recording unit, determines the insertion depth of the vibrator into the concrete at the calculated current position of the vibrator based on the thickness information recorded in the recording unit, and controls the vertical position of the vibrator based on the determined insertion depth.

[0023] The eighth aspect of the concrete compacting device according to the present invention is the concrete compacting device of the seventh aspect, wherein the detection result by the reinforcing bar position detection means is the number of reinforcing bars overcome in two orthogonal directions within the construction surface of the concrete when the concrete compacting device moves from a predetermined reference position.

[0024] The ninth aspect of the concrete compacting device according to the present invention is the concrete compacting device of the seventh or eighth aspect, wherein the information processing unit determines the concrete compacting time in consideration of at least the thickness information recorded in the recording unit and the reinforcing bar arrangement information recorded in the recording unit.

[0025] The tenth aspect of the concrete compacting device according to the present invention is the concrete compacting device of the fifth or sixth aspect, wherein the concrete compacting device includes a position detection mechanism for detecting its own position, and controls the vertical position of the vibrator based on the position information obtained by the position detection mechanism and the insertion depth calculated based on the thickness information recorded in the recording unit.

[0026] The eleventh aspect of the concrete compacting device according to the present invention is the concrete compacting device of any one of the fifth to tenth aspects, wherein the concrete compacting device further has a monitor, and the information processing unit displays on the monitor for each position within the construction surface where the vibrator is inserted to compact the concrete.

[0027] A first aspect of the concrete compaction method according to the present invention is a concrete compaction method comprising: a trolley placement step of placing a trolley on which a vibrator for compacting concrete is mounted so as to be movable vertically by a lifting mechanism at a predetermined position for compacting concrete; a concrete compaction step of moving the vibrator mounted on the trolley vertically by the lifting mechanism after the trolley has been placed at the predetermined position in the trolley placement step, inserting it into the concrete and compacting the concrete; a recording step of recording thickness information for the thickness of the concrete to be compacted at each position within the construction surface; and an insertion depth determination step of determining the insertion depth of the vibrator into the concrete based on the thickness information recorded in the recording step, wherein in the concrete compaction step, the vertical position of the vibrator is controlled based on the insertion depth determined in the insertion depth determination step. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] According to the present invention, even when used for compacting concrete in large areas such as floor slabs, it is possible to provide a concrete compaction device and a concrete compaction method that do not require the device to be made large, do not require workers to carry the equipment necessary for concrete compaction work on their backs, and allow workers to perform concrete compaction work without gripping a vibrator. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0029] [Figure 1] A schematic side view showing a concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] A schematic front view showing a concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] A schematic top view showing a concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] An enlarged top view schematically showing the lifting mechanism 22 of the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5]Enlarged perspective view of the lifting mechanism 22 of the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, viewed from diagonally above. [Figure 6] A schematic block diagram showing the control mechanism of the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] A flowchart illustrating the procedure for a concrete compaction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] A schematic side view showing a concrete compaction device 60 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0030] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a concrete compaction apparatus and a concrete compaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Specifically, the case in which the concrete compaction apparatus and concrete compaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention are applied to concrete compaction work in the construction of a floor slab in which reinforcing bars are arranged vertically and horizontally in concrete will be described. The floor slab to which this embodiment is applied is a floor slab made of concrete, and composite floor slabs are also applicable.

[0031] Furthermore, in this description of the embodiment, for the sake of clarity, we will explain the case where the invention is applied to a flat deck slab (a deck slab with a horizontal upper surface). However, the application of the present invention is not limited to flat deck slabs; it can also be applied to a sloped deck slab (a deck slab with an inclined upper surface).

[0032] Furthermore, the concrete compaction device and concrete compaction method according to the present invention are not limited to use in bridge decks.

[0033] (1) First Embodiment (1-1) Concrete compaction device Figure 1 is a schematic side view showing a concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic front view showing a concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic top view showing a concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an enlarged top view showing a lifting mechanism 22 of the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the lifting mechanism 22 of the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from diagonally above; and Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram showing the control mechanism of the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprises a trolley 12 (loading platform 14, wheels 16 and sled 18), a vibrator 20, a lifting mechanism 22, magnetic sensors 24 and 26, a portable battery 30, an information processing unit 40, and a monitor 42, etc. The entire device is moved to a predetermined position relative to the concrete to be compacted, the vibrator 20 is lowered by the lifting mechanism 22 without manual operation and inserted into the concrete, the vibrator 20 is vibrated in the concrete for a predetermined time, and then raised and withdrawn to compact the concrete. The trolley 12 is composed of a loading platform 14, wheels 16 and sled 18.

[0035] In this first embodiment, all the equipment of the concrete compaction device 10 (such as the vibrator 20 and portable battery 30) is mounted on a trolley 12, so workers do not need to carry the equipment of the concrete compaction device 10 on their backs or hold it in their hands during concrete compaction work. For this reason, the concrete compaction device 10 in this first embodiment can greatly reduce the burden on workers during concrete compaction work.

[0036] The vibrator 20 is a rod-shaped machine (concrete internal vibrator) that vibrates the concrete to compact it. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, two vibrators 20 are mounted side by side in the width direction of the loading platform 14 at the front of the loading platform 14, and the concrete compaction device 10 is configured to compact concrete at two locations simultaneously, improving the efficiency of concrete compaction. Depending on the site conditions, only one vibrator 20 may be mounted on the loading platform 14, or three or more may be mounted side by side in the width direction of the loading platform 14. The front of the loading platform 14 is the part of the loading platform 14 that is in the front in the direction of travel when a worker grips the handle 12A of the trolley 12 and pushes the trolley 12 forward, and the rear of the loading platform 14 is the part of the loading platform 14 that is in the rear in the direction of travel when a worker grips the handle 12A of the trolley 12 and pushes the trolley 12 forward.

[0037] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, wheels 16 are attached to the front of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12, on both sides of the lower part of the loading platform 14, so that there are two wheels 16 attached to the front of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12. As shown in Figure 3, the axles 16A of the two wheels 16 are on the same straight line. The two vibrators 20 are positioned so that their longitudinal directions intersect perpendicularly with the straight line connecting the two axles 16A, and their longitudinal directions are in the vertical direction.

[0038] Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, when the two wheels 16 are fitted between the reinforcing bars 80 arranged vertically and horizontally, the two vibrators 20 are securely positioned between the reinforcing bars 80. As a result, when the vibrators 20 are lowered to compact the concrete, they will not hit the reinforcing bars 80 and can be securely inserted into the concrete. In other words, by fitting the wheels 16 between the reinforcing bars 80, the position of the trolley 12 is temporarily fixed in a position where the vibrators 20 can be securely inserted into the concrete being compacted. Thus, the vibrators 20 can be securely inserted into the concrete being compacted without the need for a special alignment mechanism.

[0039] Furthermore, the vibrator 20 does not necessarily have to intersect the straight line connecting the two axles 16A. The vibrator 20 is positioned such that its longitudinal direction is approximately perpendicular to the extension of the axle 16A when viewed from a direction parallel to the direction in which the trolley 12 is moving, and is also approximately perpendicular to the construction surface of the concrete to be compacted. In addition, when viewed from a direction parallel to the axle 16A of the wheel 16, the position of the vibrator 20 is within a distance range equivalent to half the spacing between the reinforcing bars 80 relative to the position of the axle 16A of the wheel 16 (that is, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the construction surface of the concrete to be compacted, the axle 16A of the wheel 16 and the vibrator 20 are within the spacing between the reinforcing bars 80 to which the wheel 16 is in contact). As long as the position of the vibrator 20 is within this range, the vibrator 20 can be inserted into the concrete to be compacted. However, it is preferable to position the vibrator 20 at a location perpendicular to the axle 16 when viewed from a direction parallel to the axle 16A of the wheel 16, because this allows the vibrator 20 to be inserted into the concrete being compacted at an intermediate position in the aforementioned rebar spacing.

[0040] Furthermore, instead of wheels, skids 18, which are a means of sliding, are attached to the rear of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12. The length of the skids 18 (length in the direction in which the trolley 12 moves) is longer than the spacing between the reinforcing bars 80, so that the skids 18 at the rear of the loading platform 14 do not get stuck between the reinforcing bars 80. As a result, the two wheels 16 attached to the front of the loading platform 14 get stuck between the reinforcing bars 80, stabilizing the position of the trolley 12, ensuring that the vibrator 20 is positioned between the reinforcing bars 80, and allowing the vibrator 20 to be reliably inserted into the concrete without hitting the reinforcing bars 80 when lowering it.

[0041] A handle 12A, which is a gripping part for workers to hold, is attached to the upper rear of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12. When moving the trolley 12, workers grip the handle 12A to move the trolley 12, so workers do not need to directly hold the vibrator 20 with their hands during concrete compaction work, and the impact of the vibrations of the vibrator 20 on the workers is greatly reduced. Furthermore, in order to further reduce the impact of the vibrations of the vibrator 20, it is preferable to attach a vibration-damping material (vibration-damping rubber, sponge, urethane foam, etc.) (not shown) to the handle 12A.

[0042] A leveling section 12B is attached to the lower front of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12, so as to protrude diagonally forward. This allows the concrete surface to be leveled to some extent when the trolley 12 is moved forward, thereby reducing the burden of finishing work on the concrete surface after compaction.

[0043] The vibration of the vibrator 20 is turned on and off by a worker pressing a switch 20X (see Figure 6) located near the handle 12A of the trolley 12. However, repeatedly turning the vibrator 20 off when removing it from the concrete and moving the trolley 12, and turning it on when inserting it back into the concrete, may reduce work efficiency. Therefore, in a series of concrete compaction operations, the vibrator 20 may be turned on at the start of the work and kept on until the end of the operation. Furthermore, the on / off mechanism for the vibration of the vibrator 20 is not limited to an on / off mechanism using switch 20X; for example, it may be a mechanism controlled by a command from the information processing unit 40. Specifically, a magnetic sensor 24 that detects the vertical position of the vibrator 20 may send the vertical position (height position) information of the vibrator 20 to the information processing unit 40, and the information processing unit 40 may control the on / off of the vibration of the vibrator 20 based on that position information. Furthermore, the vibration method of the vibrator used as the vibrator 20 is not particularly limited, and both eccentric and oscillating vibrators can be used as the vibrator 20 in this first embodiment.

[0044] A cable 20A, approximately 1 to 2 meters long, extends from the rear end of the vibrator 20. A power cord (not shown) is connected to the end of the cable 20A (the end opposite the vibrator 20) and is connected to a portable battery 30. The vibrator 20 vibrates by receiving power from the portable battery 30. The portable battery 30 is mounted on the trolley 12, and the concrete compaction device 10 does not receive power from outside the trolley 12, so no auxiliary worker (wire holder) is required to handle the power cord. Note that in the drawings of this application, the cable 20A is shown to be shorter than its actual length.

[0045] The cable 20A of the vibrator 20 is sandwiched between the drive pulley 22A and driven pulley 22B of the lifting mechanism 22. Power is supplied from the portable battery 30, and the drive pulley 22A of the lifting mechanism 22 is rotated, causing the cable 20A to rise and fall, and the vibrator 20 to rise and fall. The details of this mechanism are as follows (see Figures 4 and 5). After the worker moves the trolley 12 to a predetermined position for concrete compaction, the worker presses the switch 22X (see Figure 6) located near the handle 12A of the trolley 12, sending a command to the information processing unit 40. Upon receiving this command, as shown in Figure 6, the information processing unit 40 gives a command to the rotational drive unit inside the cover 22Y (see Figure 5), causing the gear 22C to rotate and the gear 22D to rotate clockwise (clockwise when viewed from the bottom of the page in Figure 4, and so on). As gear 22D rotates clockwise, shaft 22A1 rotates clockwise, driving pulley 22A rotates clockwise, causing the vibrator 20 to descend and be inserted into the concrete to compact for a predetermined time. After the vibrator 20 has compacted for the predetermined time, the information processing unit 40 gives a command to the rotation drive unit in cover 22Y to rotate the driving pulley 22A counterclockwise (counterclockwise when viewed from the bottom of the paper in Figure 4, and so on) via gears 22C, 22D and shaft 22A1, causing the vibrator 20 to rise and be withdrawn from the concrete. In this application, the term "rotation" is not limited to one direction of rotation, but includes both rotation in one direction and rotation in the opposite direction. In this first embodiment, the driving pulley 22A rotates in both directions (clockwise and counterclockwise), causing the cable 20A and vibrator 20 to rise and fall. The driven pulley 22B rotates in both directions around the axis 22B1 as the cable 20A moves up and down. Both ends of the axis 22A1 and axis 22B1 are supported by the frame 22Z of the lifting mechanism 22.

[0046] The vertical position of the vibrator 20 is detected by a magnetic sensor 24 detecting the position of a metal object 20B (see Figures 1 and 2) attached to the cable 20A. The position information detected by the magnetic sensor 24 is sent to the information processing unit 40, as shown in Figure 6, and the information processing unit 40 determines the vertical position (height position) of the vibrator 20 from this position information.

[0047] The cable 20A of the vibrator 20 is subjected to force when sandwiched between the drive pulley 22A and driven pulley 22B of the lifting mechanism 22, and also when the vibrator 20 is inserted into and removed from the concrete, but the cable 20A has a thick covering so it is not damaged.

[0048] Furthermore, rollers 22E and 22G are attached to the two sides of the frame 22Z of the lifting mechanism 22 that are parallel to the axle 16A (the two sides perpendicular to the direction in which the trolley 12 moves), as shown in Figures 4 and 5. Roller 22E moves in both directions along rail 22F, which extends in a direction parallel to the axle 16A, and roller 22G moves in both directions along rail 22H, which extends in a direction parallel to the axle 16A. As a result, the lifting mechanism 22 is configured to be movable in a direction parallel to the axle 16A (a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the trolley 12 moves), and is configured to allow appropriate adjustment of the positions of the two vibrators 20 (their positions in the direction parallel to the axle 16A) and the distance between the two vibrators 20. Furthermore, the concrete compaction device 10 is equipped with a stopper (not shown) that prevents the lifting mechanism 22 from moving in a direction parallel to the axle 16A (a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the trolley 12 moves), thereby allowing the position of each vibrator 20, which has been adjusted to an appropriate position, to be fixed.

[0049] As described above, the information processing unit 40 receives commands from the switch 22X pressed by the worker and controls the vertical position of the vibrator 20 to ensure that the vibrator 20 properly compacts the concrete. In doing so, it uses the drawing data 44 input and stored in the recording unit 40A of the information processing unit 40 to determine the insertion depth and the lowering position of the vibrator 20 (the height of the tip of the vibrator 20 when compacting the concrete). A deck slab generally has sections where the thickness is almost uniform between girders (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the uniform section), sections located above the girders that are thicker than the uniform section (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the girder upper section), and haunch sections where the thickness changes at the points connecting the uniform section and the girder upper section. Therefore, the thickness of the deck slab may vary depending on its position in the horizontal plane. Consequently, when compacting the concrete of a deck slab, it is necessary to appropriately determine the insertion depth of the vibrator 20 according to the thickness of the concrete at the compaction point. To address this, the concrete compaction device 10 is equipped with a recording unit 40A in its information processing unit 40, which inputs, saves, and records drawing data 44 for the deck slab. The drawing data 44 includes data on the thickness of the deck slab at each position in the horizontal plane of the deck slab and data on the arrangement of reinforcing bars within the deck slab.

[0050] In order to utilize the drawing data 44, it is necessary to link the actual compaction location at the site with the location in the drawing data 44. To do this, the information processing unit 40 must recognize the site xy coordinate system, which is set with the site origin corresponding to the origin of the drawing data 44. Then, it is necessary to know the insertion position coordinates of the vibrator 20 at its current location at the site (the coordinates in the site xy coordinate system where the vibrator 20 is inserted) with a certain level of accuracy. The concrete compaction device 10 is equipped with a magnetic sensor 26 that detects the planar position of the reinforcing bars 80, and the planar position information of the reinforcing bars 80 detected by the magnetic sensor 26 is sent to the information processing unit 40. The concrete compaction device 10 is also equipped with a GNSS receiver 50, and the position information received by the GNSS receiver 50 is sent to the information processing unit 40 in CSV output format. Based on the received position information, the information processing unit 40 calculates the insertion position coordinates of the vibrator 20 at its current location on site with a certain level of accuracy (since the vibrator 20 moves vertically to be inserted into the concrete, the vibrator 20's current position in the site's xy coordinate system roughly coincides with the insertion position coordinates in the site's xy coordinate system). The information processing unit 40 then compares the calculated insertion position coordinates with the drawing data 44 stored in the recording unit 40A to determine the concrete thickness at the insertion position coordinates, determines the insertion depth of the vibrator 20, determines the height position for lowering the vibrator 20 (the height position of the tip of the lowered vibrator 20), and issues a command to the rotational drive unit inside the cover 22Y to control the vertical movement of the vibrator 20. Furthermore, the information processing unit 40 determines an appropriate concrete compaction time (the time for vibrating the vibrator 20 in the inserted concrete) based on the concrete thickness and reinforcement arrangement at each point where compaction is to be performed, and performs compaction at each point for the appropriate time. Therefore, optimal concrete compaction can be performed at each location where compaction is carried out.Generally, the thicker the concrete at the compaction site, the longer the compaction time. Similarly, the denser the reinforcement around the concrete at the compaction site, the longer the compaction time. However, for floor slabs with a thickness of approximately 400 mm or less, the compaction time is not typically increased in proportion to the thickness; it is generally set to a uniform 5 seconds regardless of the reinforcement arrangement. In addition, factors other than these (concrete thickness at the compaction site and reinforcement arrangement) may be taken into consideration when determining the concrete compaction time.

[0051] For each location where the vibrator 20 has been lowered to compact the concrete, the information processing unit 40 records the location information, data on the insertion depth of the vibrator 20 (the height of the tip of the lowered vibrator 20), data on the concrete compaction time (the time the vibrator 20 vibrated in the inserted concrete), and the date and time of compaction in the recording unit 40A. The information processing unit 40 then displays the location information of each point where concrete compaction was performed, as well as the insertion depth of the vibrator 20, the concrete compaction time, and the date and time of compaction at each point, on the monitor 42, allowing workers to check this data on-site. As a result, it is possible to prevent locations from being overlooked during compaction. Furthermore, by digitally saving and managing the concrete compaction records, the level of concrete quality control can be improved.

[0052] (1-2) Concrete compaction method Figure 7 is a flowchart showing the procedure for a concrete compaction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The concrete compaction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention is performed using the concrete compaction apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The concrete compaction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be explained using the flowchart in Figure 7. Here, we will explain the case in which concrete compaction is performed by moving the trolley 12 from one end to the other on a straight line.

[0053] The concrete compaction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention has five main steps, S1 to S5, as shown in the flowchart of Figure 7.

[0054] (Step S1) In the concrete compaction method according to the embodiment of the present invention, first in step S1, drawing data 44, which includes data on the thickness of the floor slab at each position and data on the arrangement of the reinforcing bars in the floor slab, is input to the recording unit 40A of the information processing unit 40 and recorded.

[0055] (Step S2) Step S2 is a process of making the information processing unit 40 recognize the site xy coordinate system. Specifically, the information processing unit 40 recognizes the site xy coordinate system in which the origin position in the drawing and the corresponding point in the site are set as the origin in the site.

[0056] (Step S3) Step S3 involves moving the trolley 12 to a position for the initial compaction of the concrete, and then inserting the vibrator 20 into the concrete at that position and performing compaction. The current position of the vibrator 20 mounted on the moved trolley 12 at the site (coordinates in the site xy coordinate system) is calculated by the information processing unit 40 by taking into account the planar position information of the reinforcing bars 80 detected by the magnetic sensor 26, as well as the GNSS position information. The information processing unit 40 then determines the thickness of the concrete at the calculated current position of the vibrator 20 at the site by comparing it with the drawing data 44, and determines the insertion depth of the vibrator 20 into the concrete at that position (height position of the tip of the lowered vibrator 20) and the compaction time (vibration time of the vibrator 20 in the inserted concrete), and performs concrete compaction at that position. After the concrete compaction at that location is completed, the vibrator 20 is withdrawn from the concrete, and the fact that concrete compaction was performed at that location, as well as the insertion depth (the depth to which the vibrator 20 was inserted into the concrete) and the compaction time at that location are recorded in the recording unit 40A.

[0057] (Step S4) Step S4 involves moving the trolley 12 from the location where concrete was compacted immediately before to the location where concrete will be compacted next, and then inserting the vibrator 20 into the concrete at that location to perform compaction. The current position of the vibrator 20 mounted on the moved trolley 12 at the site (coordinates in the site xy coordinate system) is calculated by the information processing unit 40 by taking into account the planar position information of the reinforcing bars 80 detected by the magnetic sensor 26, as well as the GNSS position information. The information processing unit 40 then determines the thickness of the concrete at the calculated current position of the vibrator 20 at the site by comparing it with the drawing data 44, and determines the insertion depth of the vibrator 20 into the concrete at that location (height position of the tip of the lowered vibrator 20) and the compaction time (vibration time of the vibrator 20 in the inserted concrete), and performs concrete compaction at that location. After the concrete compaction at that location is completed, the vibrator 20 is withdrawn from the concrete, and the fact that concrete compaction was performed at that location, as well as the insertion depth (the depth to which the vibrator 20 was inserted into the concrete) and the compaction time at that location are recorded in the recording unit 40A.

[0058] As a specific example of how to utilize the planar position information of the reinforcing bars 80 detected by the magnetic sensor 26 to calculate the current position of the vibrator 20 at the site (coordinates in the site xy coordinate system), the position of each reinforcing bar 80 detected by the magnetic sensor 26 when the trolley 12 is moved is superimposed on the arrangement of the reinforcing bars in the drawing data 44, and the information processing unit 40 calculates the current position of the vibrator 20 at the site (coordinates in the site xy coordinate system).

[0059] (Step S5) In step S5, it is determined whether the compaction of the concrete has been completed at all locations where compaction is planned. If the compaction of the concrete has not been completed at all locations where compaction is planned, the process returns to step S4 and repeats step S4.

[0060] Once concrete compaction is completed at all locations where compaction is planned, the implementation of the concrete compaction method according to this first embodiment is complete. Here, a series of operations has been described for compacting concrete by moving the trolley 12 from end to end along a straight line. However, in actual concrete compaction work for a slab, once the compaction work on one straight line (in the x-direction) is completed, the trolley 12 is moved a predetermined distance in a direction perpendicular to that straight line (in the y-direction), and the compaction work on the next straight line (in the x-direction) is carried out sequentially to compact the concrete of the entire slab. Furthermore, it is not limited to using only one concrete compaction device 10 for concrete compaction. Multiple concrete compaction devices 10 may be arranged in the y-direction, and concrete compaction may be carried out simultaneously with multiple concrete compaction devices 10. In this case, the construction period can be further shortened.

[0061] (1-3) Supplement In this first embodiment, the information processing unit 40 uses the planar position information of the reinforcing bar 80 detected by the magnetic sensor 26 and the position information received by the GNSS receiver 50 to calculate the insertion position coordinates (the coordinates in the site xy coordinate system of the position where the vibrator 20 is inserted) at the current position of the vibrator 20 at the site with a certain level of accuracy. However, if the insertion position coordinates can be calculated with a certain level of accuracy using only one of the two pieces of position information, the insertion position coordinates may be calculated using only one of the two pieces of position information. Furthermore, if other appropriate position information can be used, that position information may be used in place of one of the two pieces of position information. In addition, other position information may be used in combination with the two pieces of position information to calculate the insertion position coordinates. Furthermore, if the insertion position coordinates can be calculated with a certain level of accuracy using only one piece of position information different from the two pieces of position information, the insertion position coordinates may be calculated using only that one piece of position information.

[0062] Furthermore, the number of reinforcing bars that the concrete compaction device 10 has crossed in two orthogonal directions (x and y directions) within the concrete compaction surface as the concrete compaction device 10 moves from a predetermined reference position can also be used as the planar position information of the reinforcing bars 80 detected by the magnetic sensor 26. In other words, the information processing unit 40 may calculate the number of reinforcing bars based on the detection result of the reinforcing bars 80 by the magnetic sensor 26, and based on the calculated number of reinforcing bars and the arrangement information of the reinforcing bars 80 recorded in the recording unit 40A, the information processing unit 40 may calculate the current position of the vibrator 20 at the site (coordinates in the site xy coordinate system).

[0063] Furthermore, while the description of this first embodiment described the case where it is applied to a flat deck slab (a deck slab with a horizontal upper surface), when it is applied to a deck slab with a slope (a deck slab with an inclined upper surface), the coordinate information of the main points taking the slope into account is read into the information processing unit 40, and the information processing unit 40 is made to perform the calculation process.

[0064] Furthermore, in the concrete compaction device 10 of this first embodiment, the information processing unit 40 controls the vertical position of the vibrator 20 in response to a command from a switch 22X pressed by a worker, so that the vibrator 20 can properly compact the concrete. However, the instruction to start compacting the concrete by the vibrator 20 is not limited to a configuration based on a command from the switch 22X. For example, the information processing unit 40 may be configured to automatically start compacting the concrete (start descending the vibrator 20) when the trolley 12 is moved and comes to a stop at a predetermined point (the point where the vibrator 20 reaches the planned insertion position coordinates).

[0065] Furthermore, in the concrete compaction device 10 of this first embodiment, a portable battery 30 is mounted on the trolley 12 as a power supply device, but a generator that can be mounted on the trolley 12 may be used as a power supply device instead of the portable battery 30.

[0066] Furthermore, while the concrete compaction device 10 in this first embodiment is moved by workers manually moving the trolley 12, the trolley 12 may be equipped with a self-propelled function so that it can be moved without the intervention of workers. By configuring the information processing unit 40 to control the self-propelled function of the trolley 12, it is possible to further reduce labor and manpower.

[0067] Furthermore, in the concrete compaction device 10 of this first embodiment, two wheels 16 are attached to the front of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12, but the number of wheels 16 may be reduced to one wheel 16, and one wheel 16 may be attached to the center of the lower front part of the loading platform 14.

[0068] Furthermore, in the concrete compaction device 10 of this first embodiment, two wheels 16 are attached to the front of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12, and a skid 18 is attached to the rear of the loading platform 14. However, the front-to-back positional relationship between the wheels 16 and the skid 18 may be reversed, so that the skid 18 is attached to the front of the loading platform 14 and one or two wheels 16 are attached to the rear of the loading platform 14.

[0069] (2) Second Embodiment Figure 8 is a schematic side view showing a concrete compaction device 60 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] In the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment, two wheels 16 are attached to the front of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12, while a skid 18, which is a sliding means, is attached to the rear of the loading platform 14 of the trolley 12 instead of wheels. However, in the concrete compaction device 60 according to this second embodiment, the loading platform 64 of the trolley 62 does not have a skid 18 attached, and the length of the trolley 62 in the front-rear direction is slightly shorter than that of the trolley 12. Except for this point, the concrete compaction device 60 according to this second embodiment is the same as the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment, so the same reference numerals are used for corresponding components, and their descriptions are omitted in principle.

[0071] As shown in Figure 8, the concrete compaction device 60 according to this second embodiment has wheels 16 attached to both sides of the lower front part of the loading platform 64, and only two wheels 16 are attached to the front of the loading platform 64 of the trolley 62, and no skids 18 are attached. For this reason, the length of the trolley 62 of the concrete compaction device 60 according to this second embodiment is slightly shorter in the front-rear direction than the trolley 12 of the concrete compaction device 10 according to the first embodiment, and the concrete compaction device 60 according to this second embodiment is more compact overall. On the other hand, in the concrete compaction device 60 according to this second embodiment, there is no support means attached to the rear of the loading platform 64 to support it from below, so in principle it is necessary for the worker to hold onto the handle 12A during a series of concrete compaction operations, however it is possible to provide auxiliary wheels or support members to be used when the worker temporarily stops holding onto the handle 12A.

[0072] In this second embodiment of the concrete compaction device 60, two wheels 16 are attached to the front of the loading platform 64 of the trolley 62. However, the number of wheels 16 may be reduced to one, and the single wheel 16 may be attached to the center of the lower front part of the loading platform 64. This is the same as in the first embodiment of the concrete compaction device 10. [Explanation of symbols]

[0073] 10, 60... Concrete compaction device 12, 62... Trolley 12A...Handle 12B... Leveling section 14, 64... cargo bed 16...Wheel 16A... Axle 18... sled 20... Vibrator 20A…Cable 20B…Metal 20X, 22X… Switch 22... Lifting mechanism 22A... Drive pulley 22B…Driven pulley 22A1, 22B1…axis 22C, 22D... Gears 22E, 22G... Roller 22F, 22H... rails 22Y…cover 22Z…Frame body 24, 26… Magnetic sensors 30…Portable battery 40… Information Processing 40A…Recording section 42…Monitor 44…Drawing data 50…GNSS receiver 80... Reinforcement bars

Claims

1. A device for compacting concrete poured between reinforcing bars arranged at predetermined intervals, A trolley and A vibrator mounted on the trolley and inserted into the concrete to compact the concrete, Mounted on the aforementioned trolley is a lifting mechanism that moves the vibrator in the vertical direction, It has, The vibrator moves vertically by the lifting mechanism to insert into and remove from the concrete. The aforementioned trolley is equipped with wheels, The vibrator is positioned such that its longitudinal direction is approximately perpendicular to the extension of the wheel axle when viewed from a direction parallel to the direction in which the trolley moves, and its longitudinal direction is approximately perpendicular to the concrete construction surface. A concrete compaction device characterized in that, when viewed from a direction parallel to the axle of the wheel, the position of the vibrator is positioned within a distance range corresponding to half the predetermined spacing of the reinforcing bars with respect to the axle position of the wheel.

2. The concrete compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, when viewed from a direction parallel to the axle of the wheel, the position of the vibrator is positioned at a location that intersects with the position of the axle of the wheel.

3. The concrete compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trolley is provided with the wheels on one side in the direction of travel of the trolley, and with sliding means on the other side in the direction of travel of the trolley.

4. The concrete compaction device according to claim 1, further comprising a moving mechanism for moving the vibrator in a direction parallel to the axle of the wheel.

5. A recording unit that records thickness information for each position within the construction surface of the concrete to be compacted, An information processing unit determines the insertion depth of the vibrator into the concrete at its current position based on the thickness information recorded in the recording unit, and issues a command to the lifting mechanism to control the vertical position of the vibrator. A concrete compaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising the above.

6. The concrete compaction device further includes a vibrator position detection means mounted on the trolley for detecting the vertical position of the vibrator, The concrete compaction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the information processing unit controls the vertical position of the vibrator based on the detection result by the vibrator position detection means.

7. The concrete compaction device further includes a rebar position detection means mounted on the trolley for detecting the position of rebars placed in the concrete to be compacted, The recording unit further records information on the arrangement of reinforcing bars placed within the concrete being compacted. The concrete compaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that the information processing unit calculates the current position of the vibrator by taking into account at least the detection result by the rebar position detection means and the arrangement information of the rebars recorded in the recording unit, determines the insertion depth into the concrete at the calculated current position of the vibrator based on the thickness information recorded in the recording unit, and controls the vertical position of the vibrator based on the determined insertion depth.

8. The concrete compaction device according to claim 7, characterized in that the detection result by the rebar position detection means is the number of rebars that the concrete compaction device has overcome in two orthogonal directions within the concrete construction surface as it moves from a predetermined reference position.

9. The concrete compaction apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the information processing unit determines the concrete compaction time by taking into consideration at least the thickness information recorded in the recording unit and the arrangement information of the reinforcing bars recorded in the recording unit.

10. The concrete compaction device according to claim 5, further comprising a position detection mechanism for detecting its own position, and controlling the vertical position of the vibrator based on the insertion depth calculated using the position information obtained by the position detection mechanism and the thickness information recorded in the recording unit.

11. The concrete compaction device further includes a monitor, The concrete compaction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the information processing unit displays on the monitor each position within the construction surface where the vibrator has been inserted and the concrete has been compacted.

12. A trolley positioning step involves positioning a trolley, on which a vibrator for compacting concrete is mounted so as to be movable vertically by a lifting mechanism, in a predetermined position for compacting concrete. After positioning the trolley in the trolley placement step, the trolley mounted on the trolley is moved vertically by the lifting mechanism to insert it into the concrete and compact the concrete in a concrete compaction step, A recording process for recording thickness information regarding the thickness of the concrete to be compacted at each location within the construction surface, Based on the thickness information recorded in the recording step, an insertion depth determination step is performed to determine the insertion depth of the vibrator into the concrete, It has, The concrete compaction method is characterized in that, in the concrete compaction step, the vertical position of the vibrator is controlled based on the insertion depth determined in the insertion depth determination step.

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