Method for transporting shield machines

Abstract

The shield machine is transported to the launching tunnel entrance without installing any reaction force equipment on the outside of the tunnel constructed using the trenchless method. [Solution] A method for transporting a shield machine M to a starting tunnel SW, wherein a tunnel T is constructed using a trenchless method with multiple steel pipe elements SE, each containing concrete CR, so that the starting tunnel SW is the terminal end, the shield machine M is mounted on a support frame CD placed at the starting end TS of the tunnel T, brackets B are fixed to the steel pipe elements SE that constitute the floor of the tunnel T, a reaction force is taken from the brackets B, and the shield machine M mounted on the support frame CD is transported to the starting tunnel SW using jacks J.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for transporting a shield machine.

Background Art

[0002] As a tunnel construction method, there is known a shield method in which a tunnel is excavated using a cylindrical machine called a shield machine. The shield method is a method in which a cutter head provided at the tip of the shield machine is rotated and the ground is excavated with a large number of cutter bits attached to the cutter head, and segments are assembled in a ring shape inside the shield machine to construct a shield tunnel.

[0003] In this shield method, a shaft (launch shaft) is excavated at the launch point of the shield machine to carry in the shield machine and capital equipment from directly above, a launch shaft opening is constructed on the wall surface of the launch shaft, and the shield machine is excavated underground from the launch shaft opening.

[0004] Here, in subway construction in urban areas, etc., there may be cases where it is impossible to excavate a launch shaft for the shield machine due to site constraints. In such cases, a tunnel extending to the launch shaft opening is constructed by a non-excavation method, and the shield machine is transported to the launch shaft opening using this tunnel.

[0005] As a technique for constructing a tunnel by a non-excavation method, for example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is known. Here, a box-shaped roof is assembled and arranged to correspond to the outer shape of the concrete casing to be propelled, and after being pressed into the ground from the launch shaft, the tip of the concrete casing is arranged at the end of the box-shaped roof, and the concrete casing is propelled and pulled, and the earth and sand at the face are pushed out together with the box-shaped roof.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

[0007] In this case, when transporting the shield machine to the launching tunnel using the tunnel, it is necessary to install equipment (reaction force equipment) that can withstand the reaction force generated in the opposite direction to the transport direction.

[0008] However, if the reaction force equipment for transporting the shield machine is installed outside the tunnel constructed using trenchless methods, the equipment becomes large-scale and costly, and in some cases, it may even be difficult to install the equipment at all due to topographical constraints.

[0009] The present invention has been made in light of the above-mentioned technical background, and aims to provide a method for transporting a shield machine that can transport the shield machine to the launching tunnel entrance without installing a reaction force facility outside the tunnel constructed by the trenchless method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] To solve the above problems, the method for transporting a shield machine according to claim 1 of the present invention is a method for transporting a shield machine to a starting tunnel entrance for the shield machine, characterized in that a tunnel is constructed by a trenchless method using a plurality of steel pipe elements in which concrete is filled into steel pipes, with the starting tunnel entrance being the terminal end, the shield machine is mounted on a frame set up at the starting end of the tunnel, brackets are fixed to the steel pipe elements that constitute the floor of the tunnel, a reaction force is taken from the brackets, and the shield machine mounted on the frame is transported to the starting tunnel entrance by a transport means.

[0011] The method for transporting a shield machine according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the bracket is fixed to the steel pipe element with a post-installed anchor.

[0012] The method for transporting a shield machine according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the bracket is fixed to the end of the tunnel side of the frame, and the transport means is a jack that transports the shield machine mounted on the frame by pulling the other side of a tension member, one side of which is fixed to the bracket, with a jack body installed on the frame.

[0013] The method for transporting a shield machine according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 3, the bracket comprises a base plate installed on the floor surface of the steel pipe element, a first wall plate erected on the base plate along the direction of tunnel extension, and a second wall plate erected on the tunnel end side of the base plate along a direction intersecting the direction of tunnel extension, to which the end of the first wall plate is joined, and one side of the tension member is fixed to the second wall plate.

[0014] The method for transporting a shield machine according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the bracket is fixed to the starting end side of the tunnel than the frame, and the transport means is a jack positioned between the bracket and the frame, which moves a piston rod to push the frame and transport the shield machine mounted on the frame.

[0015] The method for transporting a shield machine according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the shield machine is assembled on the frame and mounted on the frame.

[0016] The method for transporting a shield machine according to claim 7 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a heavy object transport device is installed at the lower part of the frame.

[0017] The method for transporting a shield machine according to the present invention as recited in claim 8 is characterized in that, in the invention as recited in claim 7, the heavy object transporting measure is any one of a ball-type heavy object transporting device, a roller-type heavy object transporting device, or an air caster-type heavy object transporting device.

[0018] The method for transporting a shield machine according to the present invention as recited in claim 9 is characterized in that, in the invention as recited in claim 1, the gantry also serves as the starting support for the shield machine.

Advantages of the Invention

[0019] In the present invention, brackets are fixed to the steel pipe elements that constitute the floor of a tunnel constructed by a non-excavation method, and by taking the reaction force on the brackets, the shield machine mounted on the gantry is transported to the launching shaft in the tunnel by a transporting means. As a result, it becomes possible to transport the shield machine to the launching shaft without providing a reaction force facility outside the tunnel constructed by the non-excavation method.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] [Figure 1] It is an explanatory drawing showing a tunnel constructed by a non-excavation method in a see-through manner from a plane in the method for transporting a shield machine which is an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is an explanatory drawing showing the tunnel of FIG. 1 in a see-through manner from the side. [Figure 3] It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] It is an explanatory drawing continuously showing an example of the method for transporting a shield machine being transported from within the tunnel of FIGS. 1 to FIG. 3 to the launching shaft. [Figure 5] It is an explanatory drawing continuously showing another example of the method for transporting a shield machine being transported from within the tunnel of FIGS. 1 to FIG. 3 to the launching shaft.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0021] Hereinafter, an embodiment as an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. In the drawings for explaining the embodiment, the same reference numerals are generally given to the same components, and repeated explanations thereof are omitted.

[0022] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a tunnel constructed by a non-excavation method in a shield machine transfer method according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen through from above, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the tunnel of FIG. 1 as seen through from the side, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are explanatory views continuously showing a method of transferring a shield machine that is transferred into the tunnel of FIGS. 1 to 3 to a launching shaft opening.

[0023] The tunnel T shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a tunnel constructed by the URT (Under Railway / Road Tunnelling Method), which is a type of non-excavation method, and is composed of a plurality of steel pipe elements SE arranged in the extending direction of the tunnel T and filled with concrete CR in steel pipes SP.

[0024] The tunnel T of the present embodiment is constructed to transfer the shield machine M (FIGS. 4 and 5) to the launching shaft opening SW when it is impossible to excavate a vertical shaft (launching vertical shaft) from which the shield machine M starts due to reasons such as land use restrictions. That is, a vertical shaft VS is constructed by excavating a place where there is no restriction on constructing a vertical shaft, and from there, a tunnel T extending to the launching shaft opening SW of the shield machine M is constructed by a non-excavation method. Therefore, the vertical shaft VS side becomes the starting end TS of the tunnel T, and the launching shaft opening SW of the shield machine M becomes the terminal end TE of the tunnel T.

[0025] Note that the ground G is dug through with the shield machine M from the launching shaft opening SW, and a shield tunnel ST composed of an annular element assembly is constructed.

[0026] The tunnel T in this embodiment, constructed using the URT method, is of a type called a PC box tunnel. In constructing this tunnel T, first, a shaft VS for loading materials and equipment is constructed, surrounded by an earth retaining wall W with H-shaped steel as the core material. Next, multiple steel pipes SP are pushed from the wall surface inside the shaft VS to form a box shape. Then, the soil inside each steel pipe SP is removed, and PC cables (not shown) are inserted perpendicular to the extension direction of the steel pipe SP, and concrete CR is injected. After injecting the concrete CR, the PC cables are tensioned to apply compressive stress to the concrete CR and create steel pipe elements SE. Finally, the soil inside the area surrounded by multiple steel pipe elements SE is excavated, and the tunnel T is constructed.

[0027] Furthermore, it is desirable to use high-flow concrete (CR) for the concrete injected into steel pipes (SP), as it has higher fluidity than ordinary concrete. This is because the high fluidity of high-flow concrete allows the poured concrete to reach every corner, even in steel pipes (SP) with relatively small cross-sections.

[0028] In this embodiment, the tunnel T has an arched top and a flat floor, but it may have other shapes, such as a box shape with a flat top. Furthermore, the tunnel T only needs to be constructed using a trenchless method, with the floor composed of steel pipe elements SE, which are steel pipes SP filled with concrete CR.

[0029] Next, we will explain, using Figure 4, how to transport the shield machine M to the launching tunnel SW using the tunnel T constructed in this manner.

[0030] As described above, once the tunnel T is constructed using the trenchless method, a support frame CD for transporting the shield machine is placed at the starting end TS of the tunnel T, as shown in Figure 4(a). The shield machine M, which has been transported in parts from the shaft VS, is then assembled and mounted on the support frame CD.

[0031] Furthermore, since the shield machine M excavates the ground by rotating the cutter blade Ma from the launch port SW, when the shield machine M is mounted on the support frame CD, the cutter blade Ma of the shield machine M is positioned to face the launch port SW, that is, in the direction of transport. Also, if the shield machine M can be transported from the shaft VS without being divided into parts, the transported shield machine M is mounted on the support frame CD as is.

[0032] In this embodiment, since the shield machine M is extremely heavy, weighing several hundred to several thousand tons, a ball-type heavy object transfer device (heavy object transfer device) R is installed at the bottom of the frame CD. The ball-type heavy object transfer device R moves the frame CD on which the shield machine M is mounted by the rolling of multiple balls (steel balls) that move in a linear circular motion, making it possible to move the heavy shield machine M with relatively little force.

[0033] In addition, instead of the ball-type heavy object transfer device R in this embodiment, a roller-type heavy object transfer device that transfers the frame CD on which the shield machine M is mounted by the rolling of rollers, or an air-caster type heavy object transfer device that transfers the frame CD on which the shield machine M is mounted while it is floating by blowing compressed air downwards, may be installed. However, any heavy object transfer device that can transfer the frame CD on which the shield machine M is mounted is sufficient, and other heavy object transfer devices may also be used. Furthermore, it is not necessarily required to install any of these heavy object transfer devices.

[0034] In this embodiment, the frame CD on which the shield machine M is mounted also serves as the launch platform for the shield machine M (a platform on which the shield machine M is placed when it is launched from the launch tunnel SW). This eliminates the need to transfer the heavy shield machine M (from the frame to the launch platform) when launching it. However, the frame CD and the launch platform may be separate.

[0035] Now, once the shield machine M is mounted on the support frame CD, the next step is to install a mechanism for transporting the shield machine M, as shown in Figure 4(b).

[0036] Specifically, steel brackets B are fixed to the steel pipe elements SE that make up the floor of tunnel T. These brackets B serve as reaction force receiving members when the shield machine M is moved, and are fixed to the end TE of tunnel T, closer to the support structure CD. Depending on the magnitude of the reaction force when the shield machine M is moved, one bracket B or multiple brackets B are fixed along the transverse direction of tunnel T.

[0037] In Figure 4, bracket B consists of a base plate Bb which has a rectangular shape in plan view and is installed on the floor surface of the steel pipe element SE, two first wall plates Bf which are erected at both ends of the base plate Bb along the extension direction of the tunnel T, and two second wall plates Bs which are erected at the starting end TS side and ending end TE side of the tunnel T along a direction intersecting the extension direction of the tunnel T, and to which the ends of the first wall plates Bf are joined, and these are joined to each other by welding.

[0038] Furthermore, the first wall plate Bf only needs to be erected along the extension direction of the tunnel T on the base plate Bb, and it is not necessary to have two of them at both ends of the base plate Bb. Also, the second wall plate Bs on the starting end TS side of the tunnel T does not need to be provided.

[0039] In this embodiment, bracket B is fixed to steel pipe element SE by post-installed anchor PA. The type of post-installed anchor PA is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, it is an adhesive type post-installed anchor PA (a type of post-installed anchor in which adhesive is filled into a hole drilled from the bracket to the steel pipe element, an anchor bolt is inserted, and then the adhesive is hardened by a chemical reaction to fix the two together).

[0040] However, a metal expansion type post-installed anchor (a type of post-installed anchor in which the anchor is inserted so as to straddle both the bracket and the steel pipe element, and then the anchor on the steel pipe element side is expanded to mechanically fix the two together) may also be used. Alternatively, the bracket may be fixed to the steel pipe element using a method other than a post-installed anchor.

[0041] Furthermore, to prevent the bracket B, which is a reaction force receiving member, from shifting during the transport of the shield machine M as described later, a steel material (such as channel steel) for preventing shifting may be fixed to the steel pipe element SE with post-installed anchors or the like.

[0042] Once bracket B is fixed to the steel pipe element SE, a jack (transporting means) J ​​for transporting the shield machine M is installed. In the case shown in Figure 4(b), a hydraulic jack for tension called a center hole jack (registered trademark of Ox Jack Co., Ltd.) is used for jack J. This jack J consists of a jack body Ja and a wire rope (tensioning material) Jb that is pulled by the jack body Ja. A through hole (not shown) is formed in the axial center of the roughly cylindrical jack body Ja for pulling the inserted wire rope Jb. Such a jack body Ja is attached to the frame CD, and one end of the wire rope Jb is fixed to bracket B while the other end is inserted into the through hole.

[0043] Here, one end of the wire rope Jb is fixed to the second wall plate Bs on the tunnel end TE side of bracket B via a hook (not shown). As mentioned above, the end of the first wall plate Bf, which is erected along the extension direction of tunnel T, is joined to this second wall plate Bs. Therefore, by fixing one end of the wire rope Jb to the second wall plate Bs on the tunnel end TE side of tunnel T and pulling the shield machine M with jack J, the second wall plate Bs and the first wall plate Bf will resist the tensile force generated when pulling the shield machine M, making it possible to handle large tensile forces.

[0044] Note that a jack other than the jack J shown in this embodiment may be used for tensioning. In that case, a rod or other member may be used as the tensioning material instead of the wire rope Jb.

[0045] Once the jack J is installed as described above, the jack body Ja is activated to pull the wire rope Jb. As a result, as shown in Figure 4(c), the wire rope Jb is pulled by the jack body Ja, taking the reaction force from the bracket B fixed to the steel pipe element SE, and the shield machine M mounted on the frame CD on which the jack body Ja is installed is transported to the launch tunnel entrance SW.

[0046] As described above, according to this embodiment, a bracket B is fixed to a steel pipe element SE that constitutes the floor of the tunnel T constructed using a trenchless construction method, and a reaction force is taken from the bracket B to move the shield machine M mounted on the frame CD to the launching port SW inside the tunnel T using a jack J. This makes it possible to move the shield machine M to the launching port SW without installing a reaction force facility outside the tunnel T constructed using a trenchless construction method.

[0047] In the above explanation, the shield machine M is moved by pulling the support structure CD with a wire rope Jb using a tension-type jack J (Figure 4). However, as shown in Figure 5, the shield machine M may also be moved by pushing the support structure CD using a push-type jack J.

[0048] When using a push-type jack J, as shown in Figure 5(a), the bracket B is fixed to the steel pipe element SE on the tunnel T's starting end TS side, rather than the support frame CD. Furthermore, the jack J used for movement is a type with a piston rod Jc that strokes, and this is installed between the bracket B and the support frame CD.

[0049] As a result, as shown in Figure 5(a), when the piston rod Jc is stroked, the bracket B fixed to the steel pipe element SE takes reaction force and pushes the support frame CD, and the shield machine M mounted on the support frame CD is transported a predetermined distance toward the launch port SW formed at the end TE of the tunnel T.

[0050] Once the piston rod Jc of jack J has been moved to its maximum stroke and the shield machine M mounted on the frame CD has advanced a predetermined distance, the piston rod Jc is retracted and jack J is removed. Next, the bracket B is rearranged. That is, bracket B is removed from the steel pipe element SE and, as shown in Figure 5(b), is reattached to the steel pipe element SE at a distance that allows for the installation of jack J on the rear side of the advanced frame CD (the starting end TS side of tunnel T). Subsequently, the removed jack J is installed between bracket B and frame CD. Then, as shown in the figure, when the piston rod Jc is stroked, the frame CD is pushed by the reaction force from bracket B, and the shield machine M mounted on frame CD is moved a predetermined distance toward the starting tunnel port SW.

[0051] By repeating this process, the shield machine M mounted on the support structure CD is transported to the launching port SW formed at the end TE of the tunnel T, as shown in Figure 5(c).

[0052] Furthermore, comparing a transport method in which the shield machine M is moved by pulling the support structure CD with a wire rope Jb using a tension-type jack J, with a transport method in which the shield machine M is moved by pushing the support structure CD using a push-type jack J, the former method, where the support structure CD is pulled, provides greater stability in the direction of movement of the support structure CD.

[0053] Furthermore, depending on the length of the tunnel T and the wire rope Jb, in the former case, it is likely that the bracket B fixed to the steel pipe element SE will not need to be changed, or if it does, it will only need to be changed a few times. In contrast, in the latter case, the length of one transfer is equal to the maximum stroke length of the piston rod Jc of the jack J, so the number of times the bracket B needs to be changed will be greater than in the former case.

[0054] Therefore, it seems preferable to adopt the former transport method for moving the shield machine M mounted on the CD frame.

[0055] Although the invention made by the present inventors has been specifically described above based on embodiments, the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and are not limited to the disclosed art. That is, the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted restrictively based on the description in the embodiments above, but rather should be interpreted in accordance with the claims, and includes art equivalent to the art described in the claims and all modifications that do not depart from the gist of the claims.

[0056] For example, in this embodiment, the procedure for transporting the shield machine M involves mounting the shield machine M onto the frame CD, then fixing the bracket B to the steel pipe element SE, and finally installing the jack J. However, these steps do not necessarily have to be followed in the order described above. Furthermore, some or all of these operations may be performed simultaneously or in parallel. [Industrial applicability]

[0057] In the above description, a tunnel constructed using the PC box type URT method is shown as an example of a tunnel constructed using the trenchless construction method of the present invention. However, any tunnel constructed using the trenchless construction method in which the floor is composed of steel pipe elements in which concrete is filled into steel pipes is acceptable. Therefore, tunnels may be constructed using URT methods other than the PC box type (such as the through girder type), and furthermore, tunnels may be constructed using methods other than the URT method (such as the PCR method). [Explanation of symbols]

[0058] B bracket Bb baseboard Bf First wall panel Bs Second Wall Panel CD stand CR concrete G Ground J Jack (transportation means) Ja Jack body Jb Wire Rope (Tensioning Material) Jc Piston Rod M Shield Machine Ma Cutter PA Post-Installed Anchors R-type ball-type heavy object transfer device (heavy object transfer device) SE Steel Pipe Element SP steel pipe ST Shield Tunnel SW launch tunnel T Tunnel TE Termination TS starting point VS Shaft W retaining wall

Claims

1. A method for transporting a shield machine to the launching tunnel entrance of the shield machine, With the aforementioned launching tunnel entrance serving as the terminal end, the tunnel is constructed using a trenchless method with multiple steel pipe elements, each containing concrete. The shield machine is mounted on a frame placed at the starting end of the tunnel. The bracket is fixed to the steel pipe element that constitutes the floor of the tunnel, The bracket is subjected to a reaction force, and the shield machine mounted on the frame is transported to the launching tunnel entrance by a transport means. A method for transporting a shield machine, characterized by the features described above.

2. The bracket is fixed to the steel pipe element with a post-installed anchor. The method for transporting a shield machine according to feature 1.

3. The bracket is fixed to the end of the tunnel side of the frame, The transport means is a jack that moves the shield machine mounted on the frame by pulling the other end of a tension member, one end of which is fixed to the bracket, with a jack body installed on the frame. The method for transporting a shield machine according to feature 1.

4. The bracket comprises a base plate installed on the floor surface of the steel pipe element, a first wall plate erected on the base plate along the direction of tunnel extension, and a second wall plate erected on the tunnel end side of the base plate along a direction intersecting the direction of tunnel extension, with the end of the first wall plate joined to it. One side of the tension member is fixed to the second wall panel. The method for transporting a shield machine according to feature 3.

5. The bracket is fixed to the tunnel start end side of the frame, The transfer means is a jack positioned between the bracket and the frame, which moves a piston rod to push the frame and transfer the shield machine mounted on the frame. The method for transporting a shield machine according to feature 1.

6. The shield machine is assembled on the frame and mounted on the frame. The method for transporting a shield machine according to feature 1.

7. A heavy object transport device is installed at the lower part of the aforementioned frame. A method for transporting a shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The aforementioned heavy object transfer device is one of the following: a ball-type heavy object transfer device, a roller-type heavy object transfer device, or an air-caster type heavy object transfer device. The method for transporting a shield machine according to feature 7.

9. The aforementioned frame also serves as the launching platform for the shield machine. The method for transporting a shield machine according to feature 1.

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