Compositions and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of age-related conditions

Abstract

The present invention provides compositions and methods for the treatment or prevention of age-related conditions. [Solution] A composition comprising a non-chain saturated fatty acid, as well as salts and derivatives thereof, and a method for treating or preventing age-related conditions, including hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders, is provided, and the composition and method for treating age-related conditions, including hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (Cited by reference to related applications) This application is based on U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 672,145, filed on May 16, 2018. and the interests of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 838,249 filed on April 24, 2019 Each of the aforementioned applications is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and each of them is included in this specification. It is believed to be part of a book.

[0002] (Technical field) Hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders. Compositions containing abnormal chain saturated fatty acids, including harmful substances, as well as salts and derivatives thereof, and related to aging. Methods for treating or preventing related conditions are provided, including hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, and erythromboembolism. Treatment of age-related conditions, including vascular disease, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders. This includes compositions and methods for doing so. [Background technology]

[0003] Aging can increase health risks and potentially reduce quality of life and lifespan. With age, hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, The risk of developing a range of diseases, including hypersensitivity disorders, increases with age. It has been identified as a contributing factor, and treatment of such conditions improves lifespan and quality of life. It has been proposed as a means to improve the situation. [Overview of the project]

[0004] Compositions and methods for the treatment or prevention of age-related conditions are provided. This comprises one or more odd-chain saturated fatty acids, derivatives of odd-chain saturated fatty acids, or salts thereof. These can be used in combination with other drugs or in various treatment and administration plans as described herein. It may be administered as part of a larger dose. The composition provided modulates markers of age-related conditions. It is effective. A method for administering the composition is provided. These compositions are effective with other drugs. Administered in combination or as part of various treatment regimens as described herein. It is possible. The composition provided is a marker of age-related conditions that affect quality of life or lifespan. It is effective in adjusting [the substance]. A method for administering the composition is provided.

[0005] The composition addresses Th1-type inflammation, Th2-type inflammation, T-cell-dependent B-cell proliferation, allergies, and asthma. Atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chloro Rune disease, skin reactions to tissue damage, fibrosis, hematological oncology, metabolic diseases, organ transplantation, psoriasis, Pulmonary fibrosis, lung response to respiratory infections, restenosis, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, tumors Interstitial biology in ulcers, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ulcerative colitis, and vasculitis It is suitable for the treatment, improvement, or prevention of conditions including, but not limited to, these conditions.

[0006] Diseases driven or exacerbated by the compositions disclosed herein: α-smooth muscle actin ( αSMA), CD40, CD69, Collagen I, Collagen III, Decorin, Eota Xin 3 (CCL26), fibroblast proliferation, human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA) -DR), immunoglobulin G, interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10 / C) XCL10), interleukin (I-TAC / CXCL11), interleukin (I L-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), IL-10, IL-17F, Keratin 8 / 81, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), matrix meta lloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-9, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) , gamma interferon (MIG / CXCL9), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (P AI-1), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), serum amyloid A, T or B cell prolif eration, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2).

[0007] Thus, in a generally applicable first aspect (i.e., combinable independently of any aspect or embodiment identified herein), a pharmaceutical composition for treating an age-related condition is provided, where the age-related condition is selected from the group consisting of hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and allergic disorders, and the composition comprises one or more odd-chain saturated fatty acids, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, where the one or more fatty acids are selected from the group consisting of odd-chain saturated fatty acids.

[0008] In an embodiment of the first aspect (i.e., combinable independently of any aspect or embodiment identified herein), the one or more fatty acids are heptadecanoic acid or pentadecanoic acid.

[0009] In an embodiment of the first aspect (i.e., combinable independently of any aspect or embodiment In a combination that can be independently combined, the composition even substantially contains chain-saturated fatty acids. No.

[0010] Embodiments of the first aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a composition that can be combined independently of other components, the composition substantially comprises polyunsaturated fatty acids. Not included.

[0011] Embodiments of the first aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In the case where (and can be combined independently), the composition is in the form of a single dose.

[0012] Embodiments of the first aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be independently combined, the composition is 2.5 m per 1 kg of body weight. For the administration of one or more fatty acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts in amounts of 50 mg to 1 g to 50 mg to patients It is composed.

[0013] Embodiments of the first aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be independently combined, the composition is configured for once-daily administration. It will be done.

[0014] Embodiments of the first aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In the case where (and can be combined independently), the composition is 0.01 mg to 10000 mg. Contains one or more fatty acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in g.

[0015] A generally applicable second aspect (i.e., aspects or embodiments identified herein) (Can be combined independently with any of the above) Treatment of age-related conditions or A pharmaceutical composition in the first phase or any embodiment thereof in the manufacture of a drug for prevention. The use of is provided, and here, age-related conditions include hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, and blood clots. The group is selected from vascular disorders, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders.

[0016] Embodiments of the second aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) (Can be used in combination with other methods independently) In cases of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wounds This involves the manufacture of drugs for the treatment or prevention of wound healing.

[0017] Embodiments of the second aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be used independently, the pharmaceutical composition is a marker or a thrombosis, It is configured to regulate symptoms of vascular disease or poor wound healing.

[0018] Embodiments of the second aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) (and can be combined independently) in cases of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wound healing The markers are odd-chain saturated fatty acids, urokinase plasminogen activator, and plus Serum, plasma, cells, or tissue containing minogen-activating inhibitor-1 or collagen-I Selected from a group consisting of levels.

[0019] Embodiments of the second aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be used independently, the pharmaceutical composition is used for hyperglobulinemia or hyper It is configured to modulate markers or symptoms of sensitivity.

[0020] Embodiments of the second aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) (and can be combined independently) markers for hyperglobulinemia or hypersensitivity This includes odd-chain saturated fatty acids, serum globulins, or serum, plasma, cells, or immunoglobulin G. The group is selected from a set of organizations.

[0021] Embodiments of the second aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be independently combined, the pharmaceutical composition comprises one or more serum fatty acids. To increase the plasma or red blood cell membrane concentration to a concentration greater than 2.2 μM and less than 30 μM. It is composed of the following.

[0022] A generally applicable third aspect (i.e., aspects or embodiments identified herein) (Can be combined independently with any of the above) Treatment of age-related conditions or Methods for prevention are provided, and here, age-related conditions include hypercholesterolemia and blood A group consisting of embolism, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders is selected. This method provides patients who need it with an effective amount of one or more fatty acids, or a pharmaceutically acceptable one. This process includes administering the salt, where one or more fatty acids are one or more odd-chain fatty acids. Selected from the group consisting of acids and combinations thereof.

[0023] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) (and can be combined independently) in which one or more fatty acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable Possible salts include one or more fatty acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and pharmaceutically acceptable k It is provided as a pharmaceutical composition in a unit dosage form including a carrier.

[0024] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In the case where (and can be combined independently), the unit dosage form is 0.01 mg to 100 mg Contains 00 mg of one or more fatty acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0025] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a (and independently combinable) mixture, one or more odd-chain fatty acids are heptadeca It is either benzoic acid or pentadecanoic acid.

[0026] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be used independently, the pharmaceutical composition is even substantially composed of chain-saturated fatty acids. It is not included.

[0027] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be used independently, the pharmaceutical composition contains polyunsaturated fatty acids in a substantial manner. It is not included in the target.

[0028] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In the case of (which can be combined independently), the pharmaceutical composition contains several different fatty acids nothing.

[0029] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) (and can be combined independently) 2.5 m per 1 kg of body weight per day The patient is administered one or more fatty acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in an amount of g to 50 mg.

[0030] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) (and can be combined independently) in which one or more fatty acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable If possible, the salt is administered to the patient once a day.

[0031] Embodiments of the third aspect (i.e., any aspect or embodiment identified herein) In a combination that can be independently combined, serum, plasma, red blood cell, or tissue concentrations are, The concentration increases from over 2.2 μM to less than 30 μM.

[0032] A fourth generally applicable aspect (i.e., an aspect or embodiment identified herein) (which can be combined independently of each other) substantially the composition described herein Goods are provided.

[0033] A fifth generally applicable aspect (i.e., an aspect or embodiment identified herein) (which can be combined independently of each other) the method described herein is substantially the same as described herein. It will be provided.

[0034] A sixth generally applicable aspect (i.e., an aspect or embodiment identified herein) (which can be combined independently of each other) In effect, as described herein A suitable usage is provided.

[0035] Any of the features of the embodiments of the first to sixth aspects may be found in all aspects identified herein. And applicable to the embodiments. Furthermore, any of the features of the embodiments of the first to sixth aspects Furthermore, independently of, in any way, other embodiments described herein, in part or in whole. They can be combined, for example, one, two, or three or more embodiments, as a whole or These can be partially combined. Furthermore, the features of the embodiments of the first to sixth aspects Any deviation may be optional for other aspects or embodiments. Any aspect of the method or use Alternatively, the embodiment may be carried out using the composition of another embodiment, and the composition Any aspect or embodiment may be adapted to the methods or uses of another aspect or embodiment. Cut. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0036] [Figure 1] Comparison of marked stage 3 "crosslinked" liver fibrosis (black arrow) in high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in New Zealand white control rabbits with the absence of crosslinked fibrosis in rabbits administered pentadecanoic acid (35 mg / kg) orally daily for 11 weeks.

[0037] [Figure 2] Dose-dependent reduction of secretory immunoglobulin G (IgG) in CD19+ B cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with α-IgM and TCR ligands and incubated with 6.7 μM and 20 μM pentadecanoic acid compared to the control group (n=6).

[0038] [Figure 3] The dose-dependent increase in urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in primary human endothelial cells stimulated with IL-1β, TNFα, and IFNγ and incubated with 6.7 μM and 20 μM pentadecanoic acid was compared to the control group (n=6).

[0039] [Figure 4] Primary human dermal fibroblasts stimulated with IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, EGF, bFGF, and PDGF-BB, and incubated with pentadecanoic acid at 6.7 μM and 20 μM, showed dose-dependent reductions in collagen-I, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and 72-hour fibroblast proliferation compared to controls (n=6). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0040] A composition containing one or more odd-chain saturated fatty acids, as well as for hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis, This includes fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders and other related conditions. Relevant methods for treating age-related conditions are provided.

[0041] The risk of hypercholesterolemia increases with age (Kriesberg RA a nd Kasim S (1987) Cholesterol metabolism and aging, Am J Me d 82:54-60). Elevated cholesterol, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Elevated terol levels are associated with cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, whose prevalence increases with age. It has been identified as an underlying cause or contributing factor of the disease. A decrease in cholesterol levels is particularly important. In people under 50 years old, it is associated with improved life expectancy (Anderson KM, Castel li WP, Levy D (1987) Cholesterol and mortal ity: Framingham Study JAMA 257:2176-2180 (A 30-year follow-up).

[0042] As we age, the accumulation of type I and type III collagen increases, affecting the heart, lungs, and liver. Progressive fibrous diseases of the kidneys and skin occur, affecting the function of the heart, respiratory system, liver, and kidneys, as well as wounds. It negatively affects wound healing. Increased fibrosis is partly due to increased circulating PAI-1 and uPA This may be due to a decrease in collagen-I(Ghos) h AK,Vaughan DE 2011 PAI-1 in tissue fib Fibrosis (including rosis J Cell Physiol 227:493-507) It reduces the active degradation of tissue. Drugs that reduce PAI-1 and increase uPA are associated with thrombosis. It is helpful in treating [condition] and, by reducing collagen-I deposition, is also useful in treating fibrotic diseases. It is helpful and improves wound healing associated with aging.

[0043] Aging is associated with a higher circulation of autoantibodies and immunoglobulins, including immunoglobulin G (IgG). It is associated with the ring level (Hallgren et al. 1973 Lymphocyte phytohemagglutinin) Responsiveness, immunoglobulins and autoantibodies in aging humans). The most common circulating antibody is IgG is released from B cells as a component of humoral immunity. IgG fights infection. While it helps, it also helps with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, serum sickness, systemic lupus erythematosus, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. In type II and type III hypersensitivity reactions, including but not limited to these, pathogenic factors play a role. Drugs that reduce IgG secretion by B cells are used to treat hyperglobulinemia and hypersensitivity disorders. It is useful for treatment.

[0044] The objectives of certain embodiments are the conditions provided herein (hypercholesterolemia, thrombosis) , fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders, as well as companion animals This includes, but is not limited to, other related conditions in mammalian subjects such as humans and other mammalian subjects. The objective is to provide a method for detecting protective and risk factors for ) specific actual In terms of application, the composition is intended to support healthy cholesterol or healthy To maintain platelets or a healthy allergen response. Specifically, the composition is suitable for use as an antiproliferative agent for dermal fibroblasts, and It may aid in wound healing, particularly in reducing scar formation, and can be administered systemically or topically. The objective of a particular embodiment is to enhance the effects in mammals (e.g., companion animals and humans). By providing methods for treating conditions including, but not limited to, age-related conditions, Yes. The purpose of a particular embodiment is for mammals (e.g., companion animals and humans) This provides a method for detecting age-related conditions, including but not limited to them. The objective of a particular embodiment is to obtain one or more fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives (odd-chain fatty acids). Acids (e.g., heptadecanoic acid), and / or certain even-chain fatty acids (e.g., behenic acid) Serum, plasma, or red blood cell membrane levels of mammals (including, but not limited to, The present invention provides a method for increasing the amount in subjects (companion animals and humans). The objectives of certain embodiments include, but are not limited to, conditions related to aging. By providing fatty acid supplements or prescription drugs for treating or preventing the condition The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a companion that is easily achieved in a cost-effective manner. This specification includes age-related conditions in mammalian subjects such as animals and humans. The objective is to provide a method for detecting and / or treating a condition.

[0045] The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a solution for mammals such as companion animals and humans. The objective is to provide a method for modulating markers of age-related conditions. The objective is to detect age-related conditions in mammals such as companion animals and humans. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a method for doing so. and to provide methods for treating age-related conditions in mammalian subjects such as humans. The purpose of a particular embodiment is to provide companion animals and mammals such as humans. The objective is to provide a method for preventing age-related conditions in subjects. The objective is to study high cholesterol in companion animals and mammals such as humans. Age-related conditions, including hyperemia, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, and hypersensitivity disorders. The objective is to provide a method for preventing conditions, including conditions and related conditions, as provided herein.

[0046] The purpose of a particular embodiment is the serum of mammalian subjects such as companion animals and humans. The objective is to provide a method for increasing odd-chain fatty acids in plasma or red blood cell membranes. The objective of a particular embodiment is to enhance the performance of mammals such as companion animals and humans. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a method for detecting or treating age-related conditions. In companion animals and mammalian subjects such as humans, other fatty acids are substantially reduced. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide odd-chain fatty acids that are not included in the above. In animal and mammalian subjects such as humans, 1 The objective is to provide one or more odd-chain fatty acids.

[0047] The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a solution for mammals such as companion animals and humans. The objective is to provide a method for detecting and treating age-related conditions. The target is to treat age-related conditions in mammals (e.g., companion animals and humans). The objective is to provide fatty acids (e.g., odd-chain fatty acids) for this purpose. The objective is to study age-related conditions in companion animals and mammalian subjects such as humans. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a method for prevention. For detecting or treating age-related conditions in mammalian subjects such as humans and other animals. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a method for pentadecanoic acid or other odd-chain saturates. We provide Japanese fatty acid supplements for mammals (e.g., companion animals and humans). The goal is to treat age-related conditions in this context.

[0048] The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a living organism to mammalian subjects such as companion animals and humans. The objective of a particular embodiment is one Adding one or more specific even-chain fatty acids to the above odd-chain fatty acids to mammals (e.g., companions) The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide it to subjects (on animals and humans). Both odd-chain fatty acids and specific even-chain fatty acids in the serum of mammalian subjects, including animals and humans. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a method for increasing the number of companions. Fatty acid spread in serum, plasma, or red blood cell membranes of mammalian subjects such as animals and humans. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a method for a companion animal. And for the shortening of fatty acid chains in the serum, plasma, or red blood cell membrane of mammalian subjects such as humans. The objective of a particular embodiment is to provide a method for mammals and mammals such as humans Neutral forms in the serum, plasma, or red blood cell membrane of the subject (e.g., free fatty acids, cholesterol) (Glyesters, diacylglycerides, and triacylglycerides), phospholipids (e.g., holo Sphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and (and lysophosphatidylethanolamine), and sphingolipids (e.g., ceramide, he Various odd-chain and very long-chain even-chain lipids, including xosylceramide and sphingosine. The objective is to provide a method for changing the concentration of fatty acid forms.

[0049] A composition comprising one or more specific homogeneous chain fatty acids, and for the treatment of age-related conditions Related methods are provided. A composition comprising one or more bioavailable even-chain fatty acids is provided. It will be done.

[0050] One or more of the aforementioned objectives can be achieved through various compositions, methods, and as described herein. Provided or achieved through use.

[0051] definition The term "alcohol" as used herein is a broad term and its common usage is known to those skilled in the art. It should be given a meaning (and limited to a special or customized meaning) (should not), and incorporate one or more hydroxyl groups, or one or more hydroxyl groups This is a compound that is substituted with a hydroxyl group or functionalized to contain one or more hydroxyl groups. This refers to, but is not limited to, any compound listed in the specification.

[0052] As used herein, the term “derivative” is a broad term and is commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It should be given a functional meaning (and not limited to a special or customized meaning). (should not be done), and incorporate one or more derivative groups, or one or more derivative groups Substituted by, or functionalized to include one or more derivative groups, as specified herein This refers to any compound listed, but is not limited to these. Derivatives include esters, Amides, anhydrides, acid halides, thioesters, phosphates, triphosphates, and β-sulfates Examples include, but are not limited to, phenyl derivatives.

[0053] As used herein, the term "hydrocarbon" is a broad term and is not as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It should be given an idiomatic meaning (and a special or specially customized meaning). It refers to any part containing only carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms (it should not be limited to this), but this This does not limit the functionalized or substituted hydrocarbon moieties described elsewhere in this specification. It has one or more substituents that can be used.

[0054] The term "lipid" as used herein is a broad term and its common usage is known to those skilled in the art. It should be given meaning (and not limited to special or customized meanings) i) In particular, saturated and unsaturated oils and waxes, derivatives, amides, glycerides, fatty acids, and lipids. Fatty alcohols, sterols and sterol derivatives, phospholipids, ceramides, sphingolipids This refers to, but is not limited to, tocopherols and carotenoids.

[0055] As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable” is a broad term and is intended for those skilled in the art. It should be given that ordinary idiomatic meaning (and special or customized meaning) (Not limited to taste), within the bounds of sound medical judgment, excessive toxicity, irritation, allergens Without dysphagia or other complications commensurate with a reasonable risk / benefit ratio, in humans and Compounds, materials, and compositions suitable for contact with animal tissues and / or consumption by humans and animals. This refers to, but is not limited to, substances and / or dosage forms.

[0056] The terms "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" and "the pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as used herein and The term is broad, and its common usage should be given to those skilled in the art. (And should not be limited to a special or idiomatic meaning), pharmaceutically acceptable This refers to, but is not limited to, salts prepared from non-toxic acids or bases. Acceptable salts include metal salts (e.g., aluminum, zinc, alkali metal salts (e.g., Salts of lithium, sodium, and potassium; alkaline earth metal salts (e.g., calcium (Lysine and magnesium salts); organic salts (e.g., lysine, N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine). Min, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglumine (N-methylglucamine), procaine, and Tris salts; salts of free acids and bases; inorganic Salts (e.g., sulfates, hydrochlorides, and hydrobroms); and sources well known to those skilled in the art (e.g.) For example, it is currently widely used in medicine (according to The Merck Index), and in our industry Other salts listed in the well-known sources include any suitable salts that are non-toxic. The therapeutic agents discussed herein are those that do not substantially interfere with the desired activity. A salt of the salt may be selected. In addition to the salt, a precursor of a pharmaceutically acceptable compound and And derivatives can be used. Pharmaceutically acceptable amides, lower alkyl derivatives, and Protective derivatives may also be suitable for use in compositions and methods of preferred embodiments. The compound of the preferred embodiment can be administered in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. While it is possible to obtain the compound, it is generally preferable to administer it in a neutral form.

[0057] As used herein, the term “pharmaceutical composition” is a broad term and is not commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It should be given an idiomatic meaning (and should be limited to a special or custom meaning). (not), and one or more compounds disclosed herein, and a diluent or carrier such as This refers to, but is not limited to, mixtures with other chemical components. Pharmaceutical compositions are compounds that combine with biological components. To facilitate the administration of a substance. A pharmaceutical composition involves reacting a compound with an inorganic or organic acid or base. It can also be obtained by this method. Pharmaceutical compositions are generally formulated to suit a specific intended route of administration. It will be adjusted accordingly.

[0058] As used herein, "carrier" is a broad term and its usual, conventional meaning is not as used by those skilled in the art. It should be given (and not limited to a special or customized meaning) (Not limited to) compounds that facilitate the uptake of other compounds into cells or tissues. It is not limited to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). A commonly used carrier that facilitates the uptake of many organic compounds into cells or tissues. Water, saline solution, ethanol, and mineral oil are also used in certain pharmaceutical compositions. It is a carrier.

[0059] As used herein, “diluent” is a broad term and does not have the usual conventional meaning to those skilled in the art. It should be given (and limited to a special or specially customized meaning) (should not be included), lacking pharmacological activity but potentially necessary or desired in pharmaceutical compositions. This refers to, but is not limited to, the components of the product. For example, a diluent is defined by the mass of the product during manufacturing and / or production. It can be used to increase the bulk of potent drugs that are too small to be effective. It may be a liquid for dissolving drugs to be administered by injection, ingestion, or inhalation. Common forms of diluents used in the field include phosphate-buffered saline, which mimics the composition of human blood. This is a buffer solution, but it is not limited to this.

[0060] As used herein, the term “excipient” is a broad term and its common usage will be understood by those skilled in the art. It should be given (and not limited to a special or customized meaning) (Not available), and added to pharmaceutical compositions to increase bulk, consistency, and stability of the composition. This refers to substances that provide bonding, lubrication, and disintegration capabilities, but are not limited to these. "Agent" is a type of excipient.

[0061] As used herein, "subject" is a broad term and is not intended to be used in the ordinary, conventional sense used by those skilled in the art. It should be treated, observed (not limited to a special or customized meaning), It also refers to, but is not limited to, the animals used as subjects of the experiment. "Animals" include fish, shellfish, etc. This includes reptiles, especially mammals, as well as cold-blooded and warm-blooded vertebrates and invertebrates, and mammals in particular... This is not limited to dolphins, mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, dogs, cats, and more. Azaleas, goats, cattle, horses, primates such as monkeys, chimpanzees and great apes, especially humans It is possible. In some embodiments, the subject is a human.

[0062] As used herein, the terms “to treat,” “treatment,” “therapy,” or “therapy” are defined as follows: It is a broad term, and should be given its usual and customary meanings (and (and should not be limited to a special or customized meaning), and should not be limited to Without this, it does not necessarily mean complete cure or elimination of the disease or condition. Any relief of undesirable markers, signs, or symptoms of any kind is permitted to any extent, including treatment and / Alternatively, it can be considered a treatment. Furthermore, the treatment may worsen the patient's overall sense of health or appearance. This may include actions that could cause such actions to occur.

[0063] As used herein, the terms "therapeutic effective dose" and "effective dose" are broad terms, and The business should be given its usual and customary meaning (and specially or specifically customer (Not limited to the meaning indicated) to induce a biological or pharmaceutical response. It is used to indicate the amount of active compound or pharmaceutical product, but is not limited to these. For example. , therapeutically effective amounts of the compound are used to prevent, alleviate or improve a condition or its symptoms, or This may be the amount required to prolong the survival of the treated subject. This response involves tissue, cells. This may occur in the stem, animals, or humans, and may include relief of signs or symptoms of the disease being treated. The determination of the therapeutically effective dose should be made with full ability of a person skilled in the art, taking into consideration the disclosures provided herein. It is within the range. The therapeutically effective amount of the compound disclosed herein required as a dose is It depends on the route of administration, the type of animal being treated (including humans), and the physical characteristics of the specific animal being considered. The dosage may be adjusted to achieve the desired effect, but weight, diet, concurrent medications, and It depends on other factors recognized by those skilled in the medical field.

[0064] The term "solvent" as used herein is a broad term and its usual usage is known to those skilled in the art. It should be given meaning (and not limited to special or customized meanings) (i) They may be polar or nonpolar, linear or branched, cyclic or aliphatic, aromatic, or naphthenic. In particular, alcohols, derivatives, diesters, ketones, acetates, terpenes, and sulfoxides This includes, but is not limited to, glycols, paraffins, hydrocarbons, anhydrides, and heterocyclic compounds. This refers to a compound that has several characteristics of solubility in relation to other compounds or means.

[0065] Any percentages, ratios, or other quantities referred to herein are not unless otherwise indicated. It is based on weight.

[0066] odd chain fatty acids Fatty acids include saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as provided herein, and fatty acids are Saturated fats are referred to and described using conventional nomenclature as used by those skilled in the art. Fatty acids do not contain carbon-carbon double bonds. Unsaturated fatty acids contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Contains a double bond. Monounsaturated fatty acids contain only one carbon-carbon double bond. Polyunsaturated. Fatty acids contain two or more carbon-carbon double bonds. The double bonds in fatty acids are generally cis. However, trans double bonds are also possible. The position of the double bond can be indicated by Δn. Here, n represents the lower-numbered carbon in each pair of double-bonded carbon atoms. Total number of carbon atoms: #double The abbreviated notation for the form of bond, Δdouble bond position, is used. Yes, it is possible. For example, 20:4Δ5,8,11,14 has 20 carbon atoms and 4 double bonds. It has double bonds with 5 and 6 carbon atoms, 8 and 9 carbon atoms, and 11 and 12 carbon atoms. The elementary atoms, as well as those located between carbon atoms 14 and 15, with carbon atom 1 being a carboxylic acid group This refers to fatty acids, which are carbon-based. Stearate (octadecanoate) is a saturated fatty acid. Oleic acid (cis-Δ9-octadecenoate) is a monounsaturated fatty acid, and linoleic acid (All-cis-Δ9,12,15-octadecatrienoate) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid. The total number of carbon atoms can be preceded by "C", and the position of the double bond is unspecified. For example, C20:4 means a fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and 4 double bonds. do.

[0067] Fatty acids can be referred to by various names; for example, heptadecanoic acid can be heptadecylic acid, or Mer. Galic acid and n-heptadecyl acid, or C17:0, may be referred to as fatty acids in this technology. As is known in the field, this can be called the lipid number.

[0068] In some embodiments, the fatty acid may be an odd-chain saturated fatty acid. Further implementation In terms of morphology, one or more fatty acids may contain at least one odd-chain saturated fatty acid. Cut.

[0069] Examples of odd-chain fatty acids include margaric acid (heptadecanoic acid, C17:0) and pelargonate. (Nonanoic acid, C9:0), Undecanoic acid (C11:0), Nonadecanoic acid (C19:0), Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-I Cosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid), Adrenate (total cis-7,10,13, 16-docosatetraenoic acid, and osbondic acid (total cis-4,7,10,13,16- (Docosapentaenoic acid). Generally, one or more odd-chain fatty acids have 9 to 31 carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms (9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, and (31 carbon atoms), for example, 15 to 21 carbon atoms, for example, 17 carbon atoms However, in certain embodiments, a higher or lower odd number of carbon atoms may be permitted. Generally One or more odd-chain fatty acids are saturated, but in certain embodiments, monounsaturated odd-chain fatty acids Chain fatty acids may be acceptable.

[0070] Odd-chain fatty acids may contain saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chains. Odd-chain fatty acids are carboxylic acids They may exist as derivatives. Odd-chain fatty acids may exist as salts, for example, at the carboxyl group. It is possible. In one embodiment, one odd-chain fatty acid may be present, and two odd-chain fatty acids may be present. There may be three odd-chain fatty acids, or more. In some embodiments, the odd-chain fatty acids in a mixture containing multiple odd-chain fatty acids are unsaturated. They are distinguished by the amount, length of the hydrocarbon chain, changes in the derivatization state, or other structural characteristics. obtain.

[0071] Odd-chain fatty acids are found in trace amounts in some dairy products, including butter (for example, Man sson HL (2008), Fatty acids in bovine milk See fat, Food Nutrition). Res. 52:4). In the study, odd numbers Increasing the daily dietary intake of foods containing chain fatty acids can improve serum or plasma concentrations. It has been proven that it will rise (for example, Benatar JR, Stewart RAH (2014) showed that changing dairy intake can affect trans and saturated fatty acid concentrations. (See the impact on [the subject]) - This is the result of a randomized controlled study. Nutr. J.13:32 ).

[0072] Generally, fatty acids such as odd-chain fatty acids are provided as free fatty acids or their derivatives. This can be achieved. Examples of such derivatives include acylglycerides, but are not limited to them. No. The acylglyceride may be substituted with up to three acyl fatty acid esters. Therefore, acylglycerides include monoacylglycerides (MAG), diacylglycerides ( It may be DAG (or triacylglyceride (TAG)). There may be two or more types of glycerides. It may contain fatty acid esters. For example, glycerides may contain heptodecanoates and It may contain docosanoates. Glycerides also include structured triacylglycerides. It may be a STAG, plasmalogen, or phospholipid. Fatty acid esters also have a sn1 position. It can be in position sn1 or sn2, or both positions. Positions sn1 and sn2 may be the same or different. It can be substituted with fatty acid esters. As a non-limiting example, structured triacylglycerides The compound can be sn-1,3-C17-sn-2-oleoil.

[0073] In some embodiments, the fatty acid is free fatty acid, cholesterol ester, glycerol Glyester (monoacylglyceride (MAG), diacylglyceride (DAG), or t (including but not limited to rhacylglycerides (TAGs)), phospholipids (phosphatidylglycerides) Zylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosph (Includes, but is not limited to, tidylethanolamine or phosphatidylserine.) , ceramides (including but not limited to hexosylceramides), or sphingolipids It can be provided as follows. Non-limited examples of phosphatidylcholine include 2,3-di-C 17:0-Phosphatidylcholine. Non-specific examples of lysophosphatidylcholine are: It is 2-lyso-3-C17:0-phosphatidylcholine. In some embodiments The fatty acid derivatives may be β-sulfenyl derivatives. β- acids or esters Sulfenyl derivatives are thought to be resistant to β-oxidation in the body. As a typical example, the β-sulfenyl derivative of heptadecanoic acid is tetradecylthioacetic acid Yes, derivatives can be synthesized by standard methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0074] In some embodiments, fatty acids are used to identify specific types of lipids, such as ceramides and phospholipids. Even if provided as a component of sphingolipids, membrane lipids, glycolipids, or triglycerides good.

[0075] In some embodiments, fatty acids (e.g., very long-chain homogeneous fatty acids) are biologically beneficial. Provided in a usable form. "Bioavailability" refers to the major pharmacokinetics of a drug. One of its characteristics is the proportion of the dose of the unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, and by definition, it refers to the amount of the drug delivered intravenously. When administered internally, its bioavailability is 100%. The term "bioavailability" refers to methods of administration other than intravenous administration, such as oral therapeutic agents. When used, it refers to a form of fatty acid that is well absorbed by the body. In some embodiments, This may include adaptations that optimize absorption, even for very long-chain fatty acid-based compositions. In several embodiments, very long-chain homogeneous fatty acids are provided as structured triacylglycerides. This is possible. In a further embodiment, the fatty acid is the sn of structured triacylglycerides. - Currently in 2nd place.

[0076] Pure or refined fatty acids can exist in various physical states. For example, heptadeca. The acid exists as an off-white powder that is stable at room temperature, and this compound is used in several commercial applications. Relevant suppliers (for example, Sigma-Aldrich Corp. in St. Louis, Missouri) It can be purchased in small quantities from ( ) in a form suitable for research purposes. Other fatty acids, or Salts or derivatives of can exist as oils, solids, crystalline solids, or gases.

[0077] Odd-chain fatty acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives make up at least about 10%, At least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, little At least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, at least about 90%, little At least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.9% , at least about 99.99%, or substantially pure purity (e.g., fatty acids in bulk form or It may be provided in the form of a percentage of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative, where, Substantially pure substances are those in which the physiological effects of impurities are undetectable. Products containing impurities may, but are not limited to, products containing impurities. For example, odd-chain fatty acids and / or lipids such as very long-chain even fatty acids, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives. The mixture of fatty acids contains at least about 10%, at least about 20%, at least about 30%, and less At least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, and less At least about 80%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 98%, and at least At least approximately 99%, at least approximately 99.9%, at least approximately 99.99%, or substantially net It may exist in a refined purity. Fatty acids, or mixtures thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof The derivative may not contain other fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives, and may not contain triglycerides. It is not necessary, or it is not necessary to contain phospholipids. However, this specification does not limit the possibilities. The odd-chain fatty acids provided, either individually or as a group, may substantially contain no even-chain fatty acids. Even-chain fatty acids include, for example, myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0). This includes 0), or stearic acid (C18:0). In some embodiments, as specified herein. The odd-chain fatty acids provided are short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, for example, those having 2 to 6 carbon atoms). (Fatty acids), medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs, for example, fatty acids having 7 to 12 carbon atoms), Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs, for example, fatty acids with 13 to 22 carbon atoms), or very long-chain fatty acids Substantially free of fatty acids (VLCFAs, e.g., fatty acids with 23 or more carbon atoms) It's fine.

[0078] Fatty acids such as odd-chain fatty acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives are any It may originate from the source. In some embodiments, fatty acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may also be present. Alternatively, the derivatives may be present in natural sources, or may be isolated from natural sources, and semi- It may be a synthesis, or a synthesis, or a mixture of one or more of these. Fatty acids, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives, may be manufactured in the laboratory. It may be produced by properties, or by an enzymatic process, or by wild microorganisms It may be manufactured by genetically modified microorganisms, or by animal tissue. It may be isolated from, produced by chemical synthesis, or a combination of these processes. They may be manufactured in quantities.

[0079] The fatty acids may be derived from natural sources, such as fish oil, or by methods known in the art. Therefore, they may be synthesized. In one embodiment, fatty acids are found in unrefined or unrefined natural products. It may be contaminated with undesirable components present. In such situations, the undesirable components must be removed. To remove or increase the concentration of the desired component using known separation or purification techniques. It may be desirable in some cases.

[0080] It is intended that all tautomer forms are also included for any compound described. While not limiting, it is intended to include all tautomers of the carboxyl group. ru.

[0081] It has one or more double bonds that produce geometric isomers that can be defined as E or Z. In any compound described herein, each double bond is independently E or Z, or A mixture of these may also be used.

[0082] If the compounds disclosed herein have an unfilled valence, the valence is hydrogen or It is filled with its isotopes, for example, hydrogen-1 (protium) and hydrogen-2 (deuterium). It is.

[0083] Fatty acids, such as odd-chain fatty acids, are defined in the crystalline form (same element of the compound) as described herein. Also known as polymorphs containing different crystal packing configurations of elementary composition, amorphous phases, salts, solvates, and hydrates. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are water, ethanol It exists in a solvated form with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as the above. In other embodiments, the present specification The compounds described in the book exist in a non-solvated form. The solvates are measured in stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric quantities. Crystallization using a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent such as water or ethanol, which contains one of the following solvents. It can be formed during the process. Hydrates are formed when the solvent is water, or when the solvent is alcohol. The compound is formed when the solvent is an alcohol. Furthermore, the compounds provided herein Substances can exist in both unsolvated and solvated forms. Generally, The solvated form is the same as the non-solvated form for the purposes of the compounds and methods provided herein. These are some possible explanations.

[0084] The compounds described herein can be isotopedally labeled. In some situations Substitution with isotopes such as deuterium offers certain therapeutic benefits stemming from greater metabolic stability. (For example, it may provide an increased in vivo half-life or a reduced dosage requirement.) Isotope substitution For example, by providing an opportunity to monitor the fate of atoms in a compound, This may be useful when monitoring the subject's response to administration. The chemical element may include any isotope of the said element. For example, in the compound structure, Hydrogen atoms may be explicitly disclosed or may be understood to be present in the compound. At any position in a compound where a hydrogen atom may exist, the hydrogen atom is hydrogen-1 (protium) and water It can be any isotope of hydrogen, including but not limited to deuterium-2. Therefore, references to compounds in this specification are not unless they indicate that the context is clearly inappropriate. This encompasses all potential isotopic forms.

[0085] The prevalence of various fatty acids in the diet is correlated with the development of metabolic syndrome in subjects. Related to (for example, Forouhi N, Koulman A, Sharp S, Im amura F, Kroger J, Schulze M, et al. (2014) Differences in the prospective association between individual plasma phospholipid saturated fatty acids and the development of type 2 diabetes. EPIC-InterAct Case Cohort Study, Lancet Diabetes (See Endocrinol. 2:810-8). In fact, whole-fat milk intake is associated with metabolic syndrome. It correlates with a reduction in the risk of neuropathic markers (e.g., Kratz M, Marco vina S, Nelson JE, Yeh MM, Kowdley KV, Calla. Han HS, et al. (2014), Milk fat intake affects glucose tolerance, liver and systemic insulin It is associated with phosphorus sensitivity and liver fat, but not with human β-cell function. m. J. Clin. Nutr., 99:1385-96).

[0086] The mechanism by which odd-chain saturated fatty acids have beneficial effects is not fully understood. Therefore, although we do not wish to limit it, fatty acids or their derivatives are involved in metabolic processes in the body. It is thought that the chain can be elongated (increased in chain length) or shortened to form different fatty acids or their derivatives. It is possible. Peroxidation of certain fatty acids can produce products in the body that have signaling properties. Fatty acids of a specific chain length substantially contribute to one or more of the conditions provided herein. It is thought to produce a Gunal transmission product. In some embodiments, odd-chain fatty acids are very It is then stretched to form very long-chain fatty acids, such as long even-chain fatty acids. In terms of morphology, very long even-chain fatty acids can be shortened to odd-chain fatty acids. Levels of long even-chain fatty acids can always increase after administration of one or more odd-chain fatty acids in the body. Levels of odd-chain fatty acids may increase after administration of one or more very long even-chain fatty acids.

[0087] Pharmaceutical composition containing one or more fatty acids Lipids such as odd-chain fatty acids or very long-chain even-chain fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives. A formulation comprising a fatty acid and at least one excipient is provided. Generally, in oral formulations While it is preferable to administer the compound of the embodiment, other routes of administration are also considered.

[0088] The pharmaceutical compositions described herein may act on a subject on their own, or they may act on a subject in combination with other activators. In the mixed composition, as a combination therapy, or as a carrier, diluent, excipient, or combination thereof, It can be administered together with other drugs. The formulation depends on the selected route of administration. The formulation and administration techniques for the compounds described herein are known to those skilled in the art (for example, "R emington:The Science and Practice of Pha "Magic," Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 20th edition ( (June 1, 2003) and "Remington's Pharmaceutical" "Sciences," Mack Pub Ltd., 18th and 19th editions (both published in 1985) See December, June 1990).

[0089] The pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein include, for example, conventional mixing, dissolution, granulation, and sugar-coated tablet preparation methods. By means of revigation, emulsification, encapsulation, containment, tableting, or extraction processes, It can be manufactured by processes that are themselves publicly known. Pharmaceutical combinations disclosed herein Many of the compounds used in this field are provided as salts with pharmaceutically acceptable counterions. obtain.

[0090] Numerous techniques exist in this field for administering compounds, including oral, rectal, topical, and aerial administration. Rosol, injection and parenteral delivery (intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intrathecal injection, intrathecal, direct intraventricular, Examples include, but are not limited to, intraperitoneal, intranasal, and intraocular injections. The details assume any combination of the above, or other methods known to those skilled in the art (e.g.) ``Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy”, Lippincott Williams&Wilkins;2 0th edition (June 1, 2003) and "Remington's P "Harmaceutical Sciences," Mack Pub, Ltd., 18th edition. See the 19th edition (December 1985 and June 1990, respectively).

[0091] In practice, fatty acids such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids or their salts or derivatives are used in conventional pharmaceutical treatments. According to the formulation technology, the active ingredient is combined in a state of close mixing with the pharmaceutical carrier. This is possible. The carrier can take on a wide variety of forms depending on the desired form of the preparation to be administered. This is possible. Therefore, each pharmaceutical composition provided herein contains a predetermined amount of active ingredient. It is provided as a separate unit suitable for oral administration, such as a capsule, cachet, or tablet containing the specified ingredient. It is possible to further include oil, powder, granules, solution, suspension in aqueous liquid, and non-aqueous liquid. It can be provided as a liquid, oil-in-water emulsion, or water-in-oil liquid emulsion. In addition to the general forms of drug administration described above, the compounds or their pharmaceuticals provided herein may be used. The suitably acceptable salt or derivative is also delivered by controlled release means and / or delivery device. It can be administered. The composition can be prepared by any pharmaceutical method. Generally This method involves associating the active ingredient with a carrier that constitutes one or more required components. The process includes the following steps. Generally, the composition contains the active ingredient on a liquid carrier or a fine solid carrier or the It is prepared by mixing both uniformly and tightly. The product is then conveniently prepared It can be shaped into a desired presentation.

[0092] The formulations are also administered topically rather than systemically, for example, often as depot preparations or sustained-release formulations. The compound may be administered by direct injection into the infected area. Furthermore, targeted The drug delivery system is, for example, a liposome coated with a tissue-specific antibody. It can be used.

[0093] The pharmaceutical composition contains a fatty acid (e.g., an odd-chain fatty acid), or a salt or derivative thereof, as desired. It may be contained in an amount effective for therapeutic effect. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a single dose. It contains approximately 0.1 mg or less to approximately 5000 mg or more per unit dosage form. In terms of administration, the pharmaceutical composition is administered in a dose of approximately 1 to approximately 500 mg per unit dose, or per unit dose Each form contains approximately 500-5000 mg. These dosage forms include solid, semi-solid, and liquid. It may be an emulsion, or suitable for delivery via aerosols or the like for inhalation administration. It is possible.

[0094] The pharmaceutical carrier used may be, for example, a solid, liquid, or gas. Examples of solid carriers include Lactose, Terra Alba, Sucrose, Talc, Gelatin, Agar, Pectin, Acacia It contains magnesium stearate and stearic acid. An example of a liquid carrier is sugar syrup. These are peanut oil, olive oil, lower alcohol, and water. Examples of gas carriers include two Examples include carbon oxide and nitrogen.

[0095] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are prepared as solutions or suspensions of active compounds in water. This can be done by including, for example, a suitable surfactant such as hydroxypropylcellulose. It is possible to disperse the liquid agent as well as glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycol and oil. These can be prepared in mixtures. Furthermore, preservatives can, for example, contain harmful microorganisms. It may be included to prevent proliferation.

[0096] Pharmaceutical compositions provided herein that are suitable for injection include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions. Furthermore, the composition is a sterile powder for the immediate preparation of such sterile injection solutions or dispersions. It may take the form of [this]. The pharmaceutical composition must be stable under manufacturing and storage conditions; Therefore, it is preferable that it be preserved against contamination by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. No. The carrier can be, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (e.g., glycerol, pro Pyrene glycol and liquid polyethylene glycol, vegetable oil, and suitable mixtures thereof. It may be a solvent or dispersion medium containing a substance.

[0097] In addition to the carrier components mentioned above, the pharmaceutical preparation may contain, as appropriate, diluents, buffers, flavorings, and binders. , one or more additional carriers such as surfactants, thickeners, lubricants, and preservatives (including antioxidants). It may contain ingredients. Furthermore, the recipe for the formulation may include other adjuvants. It can be made isotonic with the blood of the subject. The compounds provided herein, or their pharmaceutically... Compositions containing acceptable salts or derivatives may also be available in powder or liquid concentrate form for dilution. It can be prepared in various forms.

[0098] Fatty acids (e.g., odd-chain saturated fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives) are used as liposomes. It can be formulated as follows. Fatty acids may be components of the lipid portion of liposomes, or liposomes The aqueous portion can be encapsulated. Fat such as odd-chain fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives. Acids can also be co-formulated with cyclodextrins. Cyclodextrins are, for example, Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin or sulfobutyl ether cyclodextrin It could be phosphorus.

[0099] In this specification, fatty acids such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives, are used in small quantities. The composition is intended to include both in combination with one additional activator. Fatty acids (e.g., odd number) A single saturated fatty acid chain, or a salt or derivative thereof, and at least one further activator. It may be present in the prescription, or in multiple prescriptions provided together, or it may not be prescribed. (For example, without excipients and carriers). In some embodiments, fatty acids (e.g.) For example, an odd-chain saturated fatty acid, or a salt or derivative thereof, is present in one of the single compositions. It can be administered together with the above additional drugs. For example, the chemical reaction of fatty acids such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids. The compound, or its salt or derivative, can be administered in a single composition, reducing the need for additional drugs. At least one can be administered with the second composition. In a further embodiment, fat Acids (e.g., odd-chain saturated fatty acids), or salts or derivatives thereof, and at least one These activators are packaged together in the kit. For example, drug manufacturers, drug reprocessing Distributors, physicians, compounders, or pharmacists may use the disclosed compounds or products for the purpose of delivery to patients. It is possible to provide a kit containing another component for the eyes.

[0100] Some embodiments described herein relate to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds (such as fatty acids, such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives thereof ) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, excipient or combination thereof. The pharmaceutical composition can, for example, contain a fatty acid such as an odd-chain saturated fatty acid, or a salt or derivative thereof, at >1%, ≧2 %, ≧3%, ≧4%, ≧5%, ≧6%, ≧7%, ≧8%, ≧9%, ≧10%, ≧20%, ≧30%, ≧40%, ≧50%, ≧60%, ≧70%, ≧80%, ≧90%, ≧95%, or ≧98% of the composition. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition can contain a plurality of fatty acids, for example, at >1%, ≧2%, ≧3%, ≧4%, ≧5%, ≧6%, ≧7%, ≧8%, ≧9%, ≧10% of the composition, ≧20%, ≧30%, ≧40%, ≧50%, ≧60%, ≧70%, ≧80%, ≧90% of the composition, ≧95%, or ≧98%. >1%, ≧2%, ≧3%, ≧4%, ≧5%, ≧6%, ≧7%, ≧8%, ≧9%, ≧10% , ≧20%, ≧30%, ≧40%, ≧50%, ≧60%, ≧70%, ≧80%, ≧90% , ≧95%, or ≧98%.

[0101] Food Foods and other foods containing fatty acids (such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof) are provided, where the amount of fatty acid in the food is enhanced (e.g., concentrated or fortified). Fatty acids such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids provided herein can be added to foods for consumption by a subject. Fatty acids such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids can be incorporated into one or more components of the food. Fatty acids such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids can be prepared as a component or not. A compound, or a preparation containing a compound, can be prepared or not prepared. A fatty acid such as an odd-chain saturated fatty acid can be added to a food for consumption by a subject. A fatty acid such as an odd-chain saturated fatty acid can be incorporated into one or more components of the food. A fatty acid such as an odd-chain saturated fatty acid can be prepared as a component or not. A compound, or a preparation containing a compound, can be prepared or not prepared. It can be added before, during, or after preparation. Preparation includes, but is not limited to, cooking, mixing, flavoring, seasoning, blending, boiling, frying, baking, or other processes known in the art. Enhancement is preferably at a level that provides a therapeutic daily dose of fatty acids as described elsewhere in this specification, however, beneficial effects can also be obtained at amounts less than such doses.

[0102] Fatty acids, such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof, as provided herein, can be present as components in foods by manipulation of processes known in nature, for example, by modifying the metabolic processes of plants, animals, bacteria, or fungi. Genetic modification of plants, animals, bacteria, or fungi is contemplated to increase the concentration of fatty acids, such as odd-chain saturated fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof. By way of example, the fatty acids can be present in the food at at least about 1%, at <( least about 2%, at least about 3%, at least about 4%, at least about 5%, at least about 6%, at least about 7%, at least about 8%, at least about 9%, at least about 10%, at least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, or more, for example, 1% - 2%, 3%, or 4%, or 5%, or

[0103] Efficacy and Effect Compositions and methods for treating age-related conditions are provided. These conditions include hypercholesterolemia, obesity, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound Dyslipidemia (including elevated total cholesterol levels or elevated LDL cholesterol levels) Thrombosis (venous thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, Paget's disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal vein thrombosis) Thrombosis, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, jugular venous sinus thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, limb ischemia, (and hepatic artery thrombosis), fibrous diseases (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), pulmonary thrombosis) Fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, biliary atresia, atrial fibrosis, endocardial cardiomyopathy Old myocardial infarction, cerebral fibrosis, glial scarring, arteriosclerosis, Crohn's disease, Dupuytren's contracture Shrinkage, keloids, epidermal and dermal scarring, mediastinal fibrosis, Peyronie's disease, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, Progressive fibrosis of the masses, pneumoconiosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, wound healing and skin repair (age, obesity) (including delayed wound healing due to chronic disease, immunosuppression, nutritional status, or vascular insufficiency), high glucose tolerance Bulinemia and related conditions, hypersensitivity (allergic and autoimmune diseases, autoimmune hemolytic anemia) Blood, rheumatic heart disease, thrombocytopenia, fetal erythroblastosis, Goodpatchua syndrome, grey Buss' disease, myasthenia gravis, serum sickness, joint reactions, arthritis (including post-streptococcal glomerulitis), loop Sclerotitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, exogenous allergic alveolitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, rheumatoid arthritis (including multiple sclerosis, Graves' disease, or myasthenia gravis), and neoplastic diseases including cancer. For example, this includes, but is not limited to, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. stomach.

[0104] Aging is a series of morphological and functional changes in living organisms that occur over time. This term refers to the decline in biological function after an organism has reached its maximum reproductive capacity. Inflammation is thought to be an age-related pathological condition that occurs through processes such as mutations in mitochondrial DNA. It is.

[0105] In some embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein are for the treatment, prevention, prophylaxis or maintenance of age-related conditions including hypercholesterolemia emia, obesity, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, allergy, or cancer. While not wishing to be bound by theory, increasing the levels of odd-chain saturated fatty acid free fatty acids or phospholipids in serum, plasma, and cells to target concentrations is thought to reduce age-related conditions.

[0106] In some embodiments, the methods provided herein increase the levels of odd-chain saturated fatty acid free fatty acids or phospholipids in serum, plasma, and cells to target concentrations. In some embodiments, the methods provided herein increase the levels of odd-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or erythrocyte membranes.

[0107] In some embodiments, the levels of very long even-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or erythrocyte membranes can increase after administration of one or more odd-chain fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof. In some embodiments, the condition being treated is anemia of chronic disease.

[0108] In some embodiments, the condition being treated is an autoimmune disease. In some embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein modulate markers of age-related conditions. In certain embodiments, the markers are the percentage of odd-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or erythrocyte membranes; total odd-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or erythrocyte membranes; erythrocyte sedimentation rate, alkaline phosphatase, serum ferritin, CRP (C-reactive protein

[0109] In some embodiments, the condition being treated is anemia of chronic disease.

[0110] In some embodiments, the condition being treated is an autoimmune disease.

[0111] In some embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein modulate markers of age-related conditions. In certain embodiments, the markers are the percentage of odd-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or erythrocyte membranes; total odd-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or erythrocyte membranes; erythrocyte sedimentation rate, alkaline phosphatase, serum ferritin, CRP (C-reactive protein ), IL-6 and TNFα (and other cytokines related to insulin resistance), c- erythrocyte membrane odd-chain fatty acid percentage; total odd-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or erythrocyte membranes; erythrocyte sedimentation rate, alkaline phosphatase, serum ferritin, CRP (C-reactive protein ), IL-6 and TNFα (and other cytokines related to insulin resistance), c- reactive protein), IL-6 and TNFα (and other cytokines related to insulin resistance), c- Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutation), or single It is a chemotactic protein-1. In some embodiments, odd-chain fatty acids are glycolipids. It is measured as a component of. In a further embodiment, odd-chain fatty acids are components of phospholipids. It is measured as follows. In further embodiments, the marker is serum or red blood cell membrane. The percentage of very long-chain fatty acids, the serum concentration of very long-chain fatty acids, and the total serum very long-chain fatty acids. It's even an acid.

[0112] In some embodiments, the methods provided herein relate to age-related conditions. This includes a step of measuring the concentration of the ker. Those skilled in the art will know of this, including the one described herein. It would be possible to implement appropriate methods for such measurements, not limited to those mentioned above. .

[0113] Provided herein are fatty acids (for example, odd-chain fatty acids or very long even-chain fatty acids) The process involves administering a dose of chain fatty acids at predetermined intervals, or at intervals left to the discretion of the subject. It is a method for treatment that encompasses the whole.

[0114] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are used for all serum and plasma. or, for red blood cell membrane fatty acids, the threshold serum, plasma, or red blood cells of odd-chain fatty acids, respectively. It can provide membrane percentages. For example, the threshold ranges from approximately 0.05% or less to 90% or more. For example, at least about 0.05%, at least about 0.1%, at least about 0.2%, and less Approximately 0.3%, at least approximately 0.4%, at least approximately 0.5%, and at least approximately 0.6%. , at least about 0.7%, at least about 0.8%, at least about 0.9%, at least about 1.0%, at least about 1.1%, at least about 1.2%, at least about 1.3%, less At least about 1.4%, at least about 1.5%, at least about 1.6%, at least about 1.7% The values ​​are %, at least about 1.8%, at least about 1.9%, and at least about 2.1%. That's also good. Approximately 2.3%, at least about 2.5%, at least about 2.6%, at least about 2. 7%, at least about 2.8%, at least about 2.9%, at least about 3.0%, at least Approximately 3.5%, at least approximately 4.0%, at least approximately 4.5%, at least approximately 5%, and less At least about 6%, at least about 7%, at least about 8%, at least about 9%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40%, at least about 45%, at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, at least about 90%, or more than 90%.

[0115] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are used in serum for odd-chain fatty acids. Alternatively, in terms of plasma concentration or red blood cell membrane concentration of odd-chain fatty acids, baseline values ​​(e.g., treatment (If the pre-treatment value in the patient being treated, or the general value observed in a specific patient population) exceeds... This can provide an increase in odd-chain fatty acids in serum or plasma, or in red blood cell membrane concentration. For example, odd-chain fatty acids in serum or plasma, or red blood cell membrane concentration. The concentration is at least approximately 1 μg / ml, at least approximately 2 μg / ml, and at least approximately 3 μg / ml. l, at least about 4 μg / ml, at least about 5 μg / ml, at least about 6 μg / ml , at least about 7 μg / ml, at least about 8 μg / ml, at least about 9 μg / ml, At least approximately 10 μg / ml, at least approximately 15 μg / ml, at least approximately 20 μg / m³ 1. At least about 25 μg / ml, at least about 30 μg / ml, at least about 35 μg / ml, at least about 40 μg / ml, at least about 45 μg / ml, at least about 50 μg / ml, or can be increased beyond 50 μg / ml. In some embodiments, the odd chain fatty acid or the concentration of odd chain fatty acid in the erythrocyte membrane is at least about 0.01×10 -4 M, at least about 0.05×10 -4 M, at least about 0.1×10 -4 M, at least about 0.2× 10 -4 M, at least about 0.3×10 -4 M, at least about 0.4×10 -4 M, at least about 0.5×10 -4 M, at least about 0.6×10 -4 M, at least about 0.7× 10 -4 M, at least about 0.8×10 -4 M, at least about 0.9×10 -4 M, at least about 1×10 -4 M, at least about 2×10 -4 M, or at least about 3×10 -4 M such that it can increase beyond a reference value (e.g., a pre-treatment value in a patient being treated, or an overall value observed in a particular patient group).

[0116] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein can provide an increase in serum or plasma total odd chain fatty acids, or erythrocyte membrane total odd chain fatty acids. For example, serum total odd chain fatty acids, or erythrocyte membrane total odd chain fatty acids, are at least about 5 μg / ml, at least about 6 μg / ml, at least about 7 μg / ml, at least about 8 μg / ml, at least about 9 μg / m l, at least about 10 μg / ml, at least about 15 μg / ml, at least about 20 μg / ml, at least about 25 μg / ml, at least about 30 μg / ml, at least about 35 μg / ml, at least about 40 μg / ml, at least about 45 μg / ml, at least about 50 μg / ml, at least about 60 μg / ml, at least about 70 μg / ml, at least Also about 80 μg / ml, at least about 90 μg / ml, 100 μg / ml, at least about 1 50 μg / ml, at least about 200 μg / ml, at least about 250 μg / ml, less At least approximately 300 μg / ml, at least approximately 350 μg / ml, at least approximately 400 μg / ml, at least about 450 μg / ml, at least about 500 μg / ml, or 500 μg If it exceeds the reference value (e.g., the pre-treatment value in the patient being treated, or It can increase beyond the general value observed in a particular patient population.

[0117] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are used to represent serum, blood, and other materials, respectively. In serum or erythrocyte membrane odd-chain fatty acids, compared to all serum or erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, Baseline values ​​(for example, pre-treatment values ​​in the treated patient, or in a specific patient population) Cells that provide an increase (exceeding the normal value observed) above the normal value. For example, serum, plasma, or red blood cell membrane odd numbers. Chain fatty acids make up at least approximately 0.01%, at least approximately 0.05%, and at least approximately 0.1%. , at least about 0.2%, at least about 0.3%, at least about 0.4%, at least about 0.5%, at least about 0.6%, at least about 0.7%, at least about 0.8%, less At least about 0.9%, at least about 1%, at least about 1.1%, at least about 1.2%, At least about 1.3%, at least about 1.4%, at least about 1.5%, at least about 1 0.6%, at least about 1.7%, at least about 1.8%, at least about 1.9%, less Approximately 2%, at least 2.1%, at least 2.2%, at least 2.3%, and a small At least approximately 2.4%, at least approximately 2.5%, at least approximately 2.6%, at least approximately 2. 7%, at least about 2.8%, at least about 2.9%, at least about 3%, at least about 3.5%, at least about 4%, at least about 4.5%, at least about 5%, or more than 5% By obtaining this, reference values ​​(for example, pre-treatment values ​​in patients being treated, or specific patients) can be determined. It can increase beyond the overall value observed in the population.

[0118] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are used to improve the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation. It can reduce the rise.

[0119] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein have increased alkalinity. This may result in a decrease in phosphatase.

[0120] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are used for serum ferritin It may provide a reduction. For example, serum ferritin is at least about 10 ng / ml, at least Approximately 100 ng / ml, at least approximately 200 ng / ml, at least approximately 300 ng / ml, At least approximately 400 ng / ml, at least approximately 500 ng / ml, at least approximately 600 ng g / ml, at least about 700 ng / ml, at least about 800 ng / ml, at Approximately 900 ng / ml, at least approximately 1000 ng / ml, at least approximately 1100 ng / ml l, at least about 1200 ng / ml, at least about 1300 ng / ml, at least about 1400 ng / ml, at least about 1500 ng / ml, at least about 2000 ng / ml l, at least about 2500 ng / ml, at least about 3000 ng / ml, at least about 3500 ng / ml, 4000 ng / ml, at least about 4500 ng / ml, at least Approximately 5000 ng / ml, at least approximately 6000 ng / ml, at least approximately 7000 ng / ml, at least about 8000 ng / ml, at least about 9000 ng / ml, less than Also, if it is approximately 10,000 ng / ml, or exceeds 10,000 ng / ml, the baseline It can be reduced to below the n value (for example, the pre-treatment value observed in patients undergoing treatment).

[0121] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are at a certain level of This can provide a decrease in serum ferritin levels. For example, serum ferritin levels of approximately 20,000 ng may be reduced. / ml, about 15000ng / ml, about 12000ng / ml, about 10000ng / ml, Approx. 8000ng / ml, approx. 5000ng / ml, approx. 2000ng / ml, approx. 1000ng It can be reduced to less than 500 ng / ml.

[0122] In some embodiments, odd-chain fatty acids (e.g., saturated odd-chain fatty acids) are administered, The total serum or plasma percentage of multi-chain fatty acids or all odd-chain fatty acids exceeds a predetermined threshold. Maintain. In variations of these embodiments, the odd-chain fatty acid is heptadecanoic acid. In the changes, odd-chain fatty acids will be approximately 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%, respectively. Approximately 0.5%, approximately 0.6%, approximately 0.7%, approximately 0.8%, approximately 0.9%, approximately 1%, approximately 1.2%, Approximately 1.4%, approximately 1.6%, approximately 1.8%, approximately 2%, approximately 2.2%, approximately 2.4%, or approximately 2.6% Serum phospholipid percentage of odd-chain fatty acids greater than %, or maintenance of all odd-chain fatty acids. It is administered for the purpose of [doing something].

[0123] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are used for all serum or red For blood cell membrane fatty acids, the threshold serum, plasma, or red blood cell membrane percentages are respectively very high. Cells that even provide long-chain fatty acids. For example, the threshold ranges from approximately 0.05% or less to over 90%, for instance. If so, at least about 0.05%, at least about 0.1%, at least about 0.2%, and at least Also about 0.3%, at least about 0.4%, at least about 0.5%, at least about 0.6%, At least about 0.7%, at least about 0.8%, at least about 0.9%, at least about 1 0.0%, at least about 1.1%, at least about 1.2%, at least about 1.3%, less Approximately 1.4%, at least 1.5%, at least 1.6%, and at least 1.7%. , at least about 1.8%, at least about 1.9%, at least about 2.1%, at least about 2.2%, at least about 2.3%, at least about 2.4%, at least about 2.5%, less At least about 2.6%, at least about 2.7%, at least about 2.8%, at least about 2.9% %, at least about 3.0%, at least about 3.5%, at least about 4.0%, at least Approximately 4.5%, at least approximately 5%, at least approximately 6%, at least approximately 7%, at least approximately 8 %, at least about 9%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20% , at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40% , at least about 45%, at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70% It may be a value of at least approximately 80%, at least approximately 90%, or even greater than 90%.

[0124] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are very long-chain fatty acids In terms of serum or plasma concentrations, or red blood cell membrane concentrations of very long-chain fatty acids, baseline values (For example, pre-treatment values ​​in patients being treated, or values ​​observed in a particular patient population) It can provide an increase exceeding the general value. For example, very long-chain fatty acids or red blood cell membrane fatty acids. The concentration of pure long-chain fatty acids or red blood cell membranes is at least about 0.01 μg / ml, and at least about 0 0.05 μg / ml, at least about 0.1 μg / ml, at least about 1 μg / ml, less Both are approximately 2 μg / ml, at least approximately 3 μg / ml, at least approximately 4 μg / ml, and at least Also about 5 μg / ml, at least about 6 μg / ml, at least about 7 μg / ml, at Approximately 8 μg / ml, at least approximately 9 μg / ml, at least approximately 10 μg / ml, at Approximately 15 μg / ml, at least approximately 20 μg / ml, at least approximately 25 μg / ml, less Both are approximately 30 μg / ml, at least approximately 35 μg / ml, at least approximately 40 μg / ml, and less At least approximately 45 μg / ml, at least approximately 50 μg / ml, or more than 50 μg / ml. This can be increased by using very long-chain fatty acids, Even the red blood cell membrane concentration of very long-chain fatty acids is at least about 0.001 × 10⁻⁶. -4 M, small Even without it, it's approximately 0.005 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.05 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.01 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.05 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.1 × 10 -4M, at least about 0.2 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.3 × 10 -4 M, at least Also approximately 0.4 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.5 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.6 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.7 × 10 -4 M, at least about 0.8 × 10 -4 M, at least Also approximately 0.9 × 10 -4 M, at least about 1 × 10 -4 M, at least about 2 × 10 -4 M, Or at least about 3 × 10 -4 M determines the reference value (for example, the treatment in a patient being treated). It may increase beyond pre-treatment levels or overall levels observed in a particular patient population.

[0125] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are used in relation to the total serum or plasma This may provide an increase in long-chain fatty acids, or total very long-chain fatty acids in red blood cell membranes. For example, serum total very long-chain fatty acids. Fatty acids, or even red blood cell membrane total very long-chain fatty acids, should be at least about 0.05 μg / ml, and less Both are approximately 0.1 μg / ml, at least approximately 0.5 μg / ml, and at least approximately 1 μg / ml. At least about 5 μg / ml, at least about 6 μg / ml, at least about 7 μg / ml, small At least about 8 μg / ml, at least about 9 μg / ml, at least about 10 μg / ml, At least approximately 15 μg / ml, at least approximately 20 μg / ml, at least approximately 25 μg / ml , at least about 30 μg / ml, at least about 35 μg / ml, at least about 40 μg / ml, at least about 45 μg / ml, at least about 50 μg / ml, at least about 60 μ g / ml, at least about 70 μg / ml, at least about 80 μg / ml, at least about 9 0 μg / ml, at least about 100 μg / ml, at least about 150 μg / ml, less Both are approximately 200 μg / ml, at least approximately 250 μg / ml, and at least approximately 300 μg / m³ l, at least about 350 μg / ml, at least about 400 μg / ml, at least about 45 0 μg / ml, at least about 500 μg / ml, or exceeding 500 μg / ml That is, baseline values ​​(for example, pre-treatment values ​​observed in patients being treated, or specific values) It can increase beyond the general value observed in the patient population.

[0126] In some embodiments, the compositions or methods provided herein increase the number of red blood cells. It can be provided. For example, the red blood cell count level is at least about 0.1 cells / μL, and at least Also about 0.2 cells / μL, at least about 0.3 cells / μL, at least about 0.4 cells / μL , at least about 0.5 cells / μL, at least about 0.6 cells / μL, at least about 0.7 cells / μL, at least about 0.8 cells / μL, at least about 0.9 cells / μL, at least Also about 1 cell / μL, at least about 1.2 cells / μL, at least about 1.4 cells / μL, few At least approximately 1.6 cells / μL, or at least approximately 2 cells / μL, baseline value (e.g.) For example, pre-treatment values ​​in the treated patient, or general values ​​observed in a specific patient population. ) can increase beyond that.

[0127] Combination therapy In some embodiments, odd-chain fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof, or very long chains Pharmaceuticals comprising even-chain fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof, or compounds described herein. The compounds disclosed herein, such as compositions, or their salts or derivatives, may be added to one or more It may be used in combination with the following activators: compounds of odd-chain fatty acids, or salts thereof or Combining with a composition containing a derivative, or a compound of odd-chain fatty acids, or a salt or derivative thereof. Examples of additional activators that can be used include those provided herein for treating conditions This includes drugs currently in use, and, if not, drugs known in medicine. This is not limited to these.

[0128] In some embodiments, compounds of odd-chain fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof, or odd A composition comprising a multi-chain fatty acid compound, or a salt or derivative thereof, as described herein. It can be used with two, three or more additional activators. Such drugs may have an odd number of activators. Secondary fatty acids such as chain fatty acids or very long-chain even-chain fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives. This includes, but is not limited to, a composition of at least 1 One odd-chain fatty acid, or a salt or derivative thereof, and at least one very long even-chain fatty acid This may include salts or derivatives thereof.

[0129] In some embodiments, compounds of odd-chain fatty acids, or salts or derivatives thereof, or odd A composition containing a multi-chain fatty acid compound, or a salt or derivative thereof, may contain another drug or high-cost phosphate. Resterolemia, obesity, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, hypersensitivity, and Treatment, prevention, and maintenance of age-related conditions, including cancer cell proliferation, as provided herein. Or used in combination with drugs for prevention or to modulate markers of the condition (e.g., It can be administered or ingested. In some embodiments, the condition is dyslipidemia (total Elevated cholesterol levels (including elevated LDL cholesterol levels), thrombosis (venous blood Thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, Paget's disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal vein thrombosis, cerebral venous sinus Thrombosis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, limb ischemia, and hepatic artery thrombosis. Fibrotic diseases (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) Hepatic fibrosis, biliary atresia, atrial fibrosis, endocardial myocardial fibrosis, old myocardial infarction, glial scarring Arteriosclerosis, Crohn's disease, Dupuytren's contracture, keloids, epidermal and dermal scarring, bone marrow Fibrosis, Peyronie's disease, progressive nodular fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis (Syndrome and adhesive capsulitis), wound healing and skin repair (age, obesity, chronic disease, immunosuppression, nutrition) Nutritional status or related conditions, hypersensitivity, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, nutritional status, or vascular insufficiency (including delayed wound healing), hyperglobulinemia and related conditions, hypersensitivity (allergies and Autoimmune diseases, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, rheumatic heart disease, thrombocytopenia, fetal erythroblastosis Goodpatchure syndrome, Graves' disease, myasthenia gravis, serum sickness, joint reaction, post-streptococcal infection Arthritis (including glomerulitis), lupus nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, exogenous allergies Alveolitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Graves' disease, or myasthenia gravis (including), and neoplastic diseases including cancer (e.g., lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma) could be.

[0130] For example, the fatty acid compounds disclosed herein include statins (e.g., atorvasta). Chin (Lipitor), lovastatin (Livalo), pravastatin (Pravacol), Ross Vastatin (Crestor), Simvastatin (Zoctatin), or cholesterol Absorbents (e.g., ezetimibe (Zetia)), bile acid chelating agents (prevalito), cholestipone (Colestid), Ezetimibe-Simvastatin (Vitrin), Evolocumab (Repa (S) PKSK9 inhibitors, fibrates (e.g., fenofibrate (Tricol), Gemfibrozil (Lopido), niacin, phytosterols, fish oil / omega-3 fatty acids, reduced Dosage of medication (orlistat (Xenical), lorcaserin (Belviq), phentermine and topiramate (Qsymia), bupropylone and naltrexone (Contrave ), liraglutide (Saxenda), phentermine, Adipex-P, Topa max, Desoxyn, Alli, Phenical, Fastin, Qsymia, met hamphetamine, Didrex, lorcaserin, Saxenda, l onamin, Pregnyl, chorionic gonadotropin, Bontril PDM, villus Sexual gonadotropins, Tagamet, liraglutide, T-Diet, Topa max Sprinkle, amphetamine, benzfetamine, bupropion / naruto Lexon, cimetidine, Evenedate, methylphenidate, Suprenza, Tenuate Dospan, Adipost, Atti-Plex P, Belvi q XR, desvenlafaxine, Oby-Cap, Phentercot, P hentride Prelu-2, Tagamet HB, Equaline Aci d Reducter, Melfiat, Regimex, Guarana, Garci (nia, Hoodia, Ephedra), anticoagulants (heparin, warfarin, apixitin) Saban, dalteparin, edoxaban, enoxaparin, fondaparinux, rivaroxaban Xaban, Xa inhibitors, antifibrotic drugs (nintedanib, pirfenidone, NSAIDs, anti-inflammatory drugs) Stamina drugs, corticosteroids (cortisone, prednisolone), cyclophosphamide, Zathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, N-acetylcysteine, proton pump Inhibitors (prilozec, nexium), bronchodilators (albuterol, theophylline, Ipratropium), anti-inflammatory drugs (guaifenesin, N-acetylcysteine, flutica Prednisone, methylprednisone, ibuprofen, montelukast, chromoly (N-acetylcysteine), antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, colistin, dicloxin) Sacin, amoxicillin, cypro, levofloxacin, ceftazidime, meropenem, pipette (Lacilin, Meropenem), Vitamins (ADEK, Fer-in-Sol, Polyvif) lor drops, Aquasol-A (Dorisdol, Aquasol-E), pancreatic enzymes (Docusate, Casantranol, Polyethylene glycol), Gastrointestinal medicine (Omeprazo) (Lu, ranitidine, metoclopramide), antihistamines (loratadine, cetirizine, fe) Xofenadine), nasal spray (bansenase / bank AQ, beconase / bec AQ, sinus Mouthwash), silver sulfadiazine, Santil, urea, Hibikuren, Silvaden, Sarna, Bene Rex, Lea, Luxamend, Bionec, Nuvail, Numecta, Der masorb XM, Levicyn, Aragel, silver nitrate, Keragel, Mafe Nido, Sulfamylon, Polysporin, X-Viate, Umecta PD, Uramaxin, Remeven, keratolytic agents, Neosporin, Neomycin, Bacitracin, Polymyxin, Benzal HP, Atlapro, Granules, Vasolex, Zinc Paste, calamine, coal tar, ichthammol, pentoxifylline, iloprost Glyceryl trinitrate, calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, psoralen, phenitoyl N, retinoids, analgesics, colchicine, antiplatelet drugs (aspirin), vasoconstrictors (nicotine) It can be used in combination with one or more drugs selected from (e.g., cocaine, adrenaline). It is possible.

[0131] The fatty acid compounds disclosed herein (e.g., odd-chain fatty acids) are used in one or more medical applications. Devices, medical procedures, or surgical procedures (e.g., surgical procedures for obesity (e.g., gastrointestinal biology) Pass surgery, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, biliary-pancreatic conversion with duodenal switch, Gastric sleeve, vagus nerve block, catheter-directed thrombolysis, vena cava filter, venous thrombosis Extraction, compression bandaging, vacuum-assisted closure, intermittent pneumatic compression device, debridement (sharp) Utilities, mechanical, self-solubilating (honey), enzymatic, or biological surgery (maggots), ultraviolet therapy, Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, radiant heat dressings, ultrasound therapy, laser therapy, hydrotherapy, electrotherapy, electromagnetic therapy, It can be used in combination with immunoglobulin replacement therapy.

[0132] Administration As will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, the useful in vivo dose and specific mode of administration are Age, weight, severity of condition, and species of mammal being treated, and the specific form of compound used. The state of these compounds, as well as their specific use, varies. Effective dose level In other words, determining the dose level necessary to achieve the desired result is done using routine methods, for example. For example, this can be achieved by those skilled in the art using in vivo studies. ing Maximum Safe Starting Dose in Initia l Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Ad ult Healthy Volunteers”, US Food and Dru See g Administration, July 2005.

[0133] In one embodiment, the method provided herein is a method of the composition provided herein. This may include administering a therapeutically effective dose. In some embodiments, the therapeutically effective dose is added This can be determined by referring to the adjustment of age-related condition markers. In terms of administration, the therapeutically effective dose is provided herein by referring to the regulation of the symptoms of the condition. This can be determined. In yet another embodiment, the treatment of the conditions provided herein, including inflammation. For the conditions described herein, including but not limited to guidelines for treatment You can refer to the established guidelines.

[0134] The dosage can vary widely depending on the desired effect and the therapeutic indications, such as marker values. Alternatively, the dosage may be calculated based on the patient's surface area or body weight so that it can be understood by those skilled in the art. It can be calculated. The exact dose will be determined on a case-by-case basis, or in some cases, depending on the subject. It is left to discretion based on the information. A daily dose plan for adult human patients is, for example, Odd-chain fatty acids or very long-chain even-chain fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives, or multiple A mixture of fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives, approximately 0.01 mg to approximately 10,000 mg, approximately 1 mg to approximately 5000 mg, approximately 5 mg to approximately 2000 mg, approximately 10 mg to approximately 1000 mg, or This can be an oral dose of approximately 50 mg to 500 mg of fatty acids. The single dose is approximately 0.01 mg. , about 0.1mg, about 1mg, about 5mg, about 10mg, about 20mg, about 50mg, about 100 mg, about 200mg, about 300mg, about 400mg, about 500mg, about 600mg, about 8 00mg, approximately 900mg, approximately 1000mg, approximately 2000mg, approximately 5000mg, or the same. The above fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives, may be included. The dosage is adjusted according to the subject's body weight. It can be controlled, for example, the dosage could be approximately 0.001 mg / kg, approximately 0.01 mg / kg, approximately 0. 1mg / kg, approx. 0.5mg / kg, approx. 1mg / kg, approx. 2mg / kg, approx. 3mg / kg , about 4mg / kg, about 5mg / kg, about 6mg / kg, about 7mg / kg, about 8mg / kg , about 9mg / kg, about 10mg / kg, about 15mg / kg, about 20mg / kg, about 25m g / kg, approximately 30 mg / kg, or more may be used. The dosage should be appropriate for each individual subject. Thus, it can be a single one or a series of two or more given over a period of one day or more. In some embodiments, the compound is allowed to stand for about a week or longer (for example, one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks) (5 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 8 weeks or more), several weeks, about 1 month Months or longer (for example, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 12 months, or longer), approximately one year or more, or multiple years, It is administered over a period of continuous treatment. In some embodiments, fatty acids (e.g., Odd-chain fatty acids or very long-chain even-chain fatty acids, or their salts or derivatives) per day It may be administered or taken once, twice a day, three times a day, or more times.

[0135] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, in certain circumstances, to effectively treat the subject Therefore, administering the compounds disclosed herein in amounts exceeding the preferred dosage range described above is not recommended. This may be necessary.

[0136] Unit dosage form, for example, individual packages having a predetermined amount of composition, It can also be configured for administration on a schedule, such as 1 to 3 times a day. The configured unit dosage form is preferred, but in certain embodiments, it may be more than three times a day, or per day In some cases, it may be desirable to formulate a single dosage form for administration less than once.

[0137] The dosage and interval of the medication are determined by a predetermined parameter, indicator, or marker value, or the minimum effective concentration (M To provide plasma levels of the active portion sufficient to maintain the EC, the individual subjects are prepared It may be possible to control the dosage. The dose required to achieve the desired result depends on the individual characteristics and route of administration. However, using an assay, such as an HPLC assay or bioassay, blood The concentration of the solution can be determined.

[0138] In some embodiments, the compounds and methods provided herein are, for example, in U.S. patents. It may be used in conjunction with the device and the method of using the device, as provided. o.7,651,845;USPat.No.8,251,904;USPat .No.8,251,904;USPat.No.4,985,015;USP at.No.8,827,957;USPat.No.4,252,159;US .Pat.No.5,318,521;USPat.No.4,718,430;U .S.Pat.No.9,713,600, USPat.No.9,707,199 , USPat.No.9,687,461, USPat.No.9,662,3 06, USPat.No.9,561,206, USPubl.No.2011 / 0190702;USPubl.No.2017 / 0266144,USPu bl.No.2016 / 0324814,USPubl.No.2016 / 0195 559,USPubl.No.2016 / 0195558,USPubl.No. .2016 / 0193172,2U.S.Publ.No.016 / 0193171,U .S.Publ.No.2016 / 0193170, WO2016 / 111843, DE 2615061; and related to diagnostic devices such as those provided in USPubl, for example. Yes. No.2012 / 0072236.

[0139] Diagnosis and monitoring This specification provides methods for the diagnosis and monitoring of age-related conditions. .

[0140] In some embodiments, the diagnostic or monitoring method involves fatty acids in body fluids (e.g., The process includes measuring the percentage of odd-chain fatty acids or very long-chain even-chain fatty acids. It is possible. In some embodiments, the diagnostic or monitoring method is used in relation to aging. The step includes measuring markers of conditions provided herein, including related conditions. In some embodiments, the diagnostic or monitoring method may be related to the condition of aging. The step may include measuring the marker. In some embodiments, one marker The relationship between one marker and another marker may be proven to be beneficial. In some embodiments And, age-related conditions include the threshold level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, for example, serum odd-chain fatty acids or This can be diagnosed by referring to serum very long even-chain fatty acids. In some embodiments, The age-related conditions provided herein are threshold levels of condition markers, for example, blood Percentage of odd-chain fatty acids, serum concentration of odd-chain fatty acids, serum total odd-chain fatty acids, serum total Refer to long even-chain fatty acids, total serum very long even-chain fatty acids, or the ratio between two serum fatty acids. It may be diagnosed by, for example, a threshold, a symptom or marker of an age-related condition. This may be determined by referring to [the relevant source].

[0141] Fatty acids in the subject (e.g., odd-chain fatty acids or very long-chain even-chain fatty acids, or additives) The percentage of age-related condition markers can be monitored by any means. The sample for analysis may be derived from any fluid or tissue of the subject. For example, serum. These are derived from plasma, red blood cell membranes, urine, and feces. [Examples]

[0142] Example 1 Aging increases the risk of hypercholesterolemia. Oral administration of synthetic odd-chain saturated fatty acids is transmitted It was hypothesized to lower cholesterol in standardized obese experimental animal models.

[0143] In this study, synthetic pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) was administered orally daily to an obese mouse model. The effects of administration on total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were investigated. 20 C 57BL / 6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) (D12492, 60% kcal fat). They were given for 8 weeks. Then, the study mice were divided into the following two groups: 10: vehicle control and pentadeca. The samples were divided into groups treated with nitrate (5 mg / kg body weight). The test substance was a synthetic powder form that was stable at room temperature. Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (product W433400 (≧99% C15:0)) The test substance continued to have free access to HFD while the stomach was strong for 12 weeks (84 days). It was provided daily via the system. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were measured on day 0 and day 84. (LDL) cholesterol was measured. Wilcoxon rank-sum analysis was used to analyze the treatment group. The data were compared with the control group. Significance was defined as a p-value of 0.05 or less.

[0144] Mice in the pentadecanoic acid treatment group were resistant to the test substance throughout the study. No early deaths were observed in the Uss group, but one animal in the control group unexpectedly died at 7 weeks after administration. Ta.

[0145] When comparing the pentadecanoate treatment group to the vehicle control group on day 84, pentadecanoate ( Subjects treated with 5 mg / kg showed lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. The group had the characteristic (Table 1). There was no difference in these variables between the two groups on day 0 (data shown). (Not.)

[0146] Table 1 shows the correlation between obese mice treated with oral synthetic pentadecanoic acid for 84 days and controls. This provides a comparison of terols. [Table 1]

[0147] Example 2 With age, the risk of hyperglobulinemia, fibrosis, thrombosis, and hypercholesterolemia increases. Oral administration of synthetic odd-chain saturated fatty acids is a traditional experimental animal model for high-fat diets. In this context, the hypothesis was made that it would lower serum globulin, cholesterol, and liver fibrosis. It was done.

[0148] In this study, in an animal model fed a high-fat diet, synthetic pentadecanoic acid (C15:0 This study investigates the effects of daily oral administration of [the drug] on serum globulin, cholesterol, and liver fibrosis. They did. They fed 16 New Zealand white rabbits a high-fat diet (HFD) (4% peanut oil and They were given 0.5% cholesterol for two weeks. Then, the research rabbits were divided into two groups of eight. Divided into two groups: high-fat diet control and treatment with pentadecanoic acid (35 mg / kg body weight). High-fat diet animals. The test substance is a synthetic powder form that is stable at room temperature, and is Sigma-Aldric. Purchased from h (product W433400 (≧99% pentadecanoic acid)). The test substance is HFD. It was given daily as part of the diet for 11 weeks (77 days) while maintaining free access to it. Day 0 Total cholesterol, platelets, and globulin were measured on day 77.

[0149] On day 77, liver tissue was collected from the HFD control group and the pentadecanoic acid administration group and sent to a certified veterinary pathology department. Scholars histologically scored fibrosis. Liver tissue was paraffin for H&E. Processed for picrociria red staining for embedded blocks and fibrosis (collagen deposition). The entire Picrospirius red-stained liver slide was scanned using Aperio ScanScope. The scan was performed using AT2 at 20x magnification. The stages of fibrosis were defined as follows: 0 = 0 1 = perisinusoidal or periportal, 2 = perisinusoidal and portal / periportal, 3 = bridging fibrosis, 4 = Liver cirrhosis. Wilcoxon rank-sum analysis was used to compare data from the treatment group with those from the control group. Significance was defined as a p-value of 0.05 or less.

[0150] The rabbits treated with pentadecanoic acid were resistant to the test substance throughout the study. There were no early deaths in the loop either.

[0151] When comparing the pentadecanoate treatment group to the HFD control group on day 77, pentadecanoate (3 Subjects treated with 5 mg / kg showed lower plasma cholesterol, platelets, and globulin levels. They had brin. On day 0, there was no difference in these variables between the two study groups (data (Not shown). Table 2 shows blood samples between rabbits treated with oral synthetic pentadecanoic acid for 77 days and controls. This provides a comparison of serum cholesterol, platelets, globulin, and creatine kinase. [Table 2]

[0152] When comparing the pentadecanoate administration group and the HFD control group on Day 77, pentadecanoate showed that Subjects in the group administered canic acid (35 mg / kg) had a lower severity of liver fibrosis. Figure 1 shows the results. Table 3 shows the absence of stage 3 cross-linking fibrosis in the livers of rabbits treated with antadecanoic acid. The study compared the liver fibrosis stages of rabbits treated with oral synthetic pentadecanoic acid for 77 days with those of controls. This provides a comparison of A. [Table 3]

[0153] Example 3 With age, the risk of hyperglobulinemia, fibrosis, allergies, and cancer increases. Primary human cells, stimulated to mimic thrombotic and fibrotic responses, are combined at appropriate concentrations. It was hypothesized that exposure to odd-chain saturated fatty acids would result in a reduced negative response.

[0154] This study involved 3 individuals exposed to drugs that mimic allergic, thrombotic, and fibrotic disease conditions. Four concentrations (740 nm and 2.2, 6.0 nm) for two major human cell-based active systems. The effect of synthetic pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) at 7 and 20 μM was investigated. Generally, Protein-based biomarkers in these systems were measured and compared to controls. Pentadecanoic acid is measured in two or more consecutive concentrations in the same direction compared to a vehicle control. The biomarkers were altered and were outside the significant envelope of the internal control, exceeding 20%. If there is at least one concentration having an effect size (log10 ratio > 0.1), It was deemed "active".

[0155] The initial cell-based system replicated the T cell-dependent B cell activation that occurs in germinal centers. , mimicking allergic pathology. CD19+ B cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with α-IgM and The cells were stimulated with TCR ligands and incubated with pentadecanoic acid for 168 hours. In addition to controls not treated with decanoic acid, a negative, non-stimulating system was also included. Secretory IgG was measured. , compared with a control group.

[0156] The second cell-based system replicated the Th1 inflammatory and pro-thrombus-forming environment. Primary endothelial cells were stimulated with IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFNγ, along with pentadecanoic acid. Incubated for 24 hours. Negative non-treated samples were compared with controls that were not treated with pentadecanoic acid. This includes the stimulatory system. Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in this system. (uPAR) activation was measured and compared with the control.

[0157] The third cell-based system replicated fibrosis and cell proliferation. Primary dermal fibroblasts Stimulated with IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, EGF, bFGF, and PDGF-BB, Incubated with pentadecanoic acid for 24 hours. Control that was not treated with pentadecanoic acid. In addition, a negative, non-stimulating system was also included. Plasminogen activator inhibitors in this system -1 (PAI-1), collagen-I, and fibroblast proliferation (72 hours) were measured, and the control group was compared with the other group. I compared them.

[0158] Pentadecanoic acid is available in all four concentrations (740 nm and 2.2, 6.7, and 20 μM). ) and it was non-cytotoxic in all three cell lines.

[0159] These studies mimic inflammatory responses, prothrombus formation responses, fibrotic responses, and cell proliferation responses. The cell-based system was attenuated with pentadecanoic acid. Figures 2, 3, and 4 show the effects of pentadecanoic acid and Dose-dependent decrease in secreted IgG in human cell lines incubated with uPA (Figure 2), uPA Increased R (Figure 3), as well as PAI-1, collagen-I and 72-hour fibroblast proliferation This provides a reduction (Figure 4). For all of these indices, 6.7 μM and 20 μM PE The concentration of antadecanoic acid was associated with biological activity.

[0160] Abnormal chain fatty acids (heptadecanoic acid, or C17:0, and pentadecanoic acid, or C15:0) ) is a saturated fatty acid found in the whole-fat dairy products of ruminants. Odd-chain saturated fatty acids are found in the rumen. It is aggregated by bacteria, passes from the rumen into milk, and is used as a biomarker for milk fat intake. It is being used. Interestingly, even though consumers are moving away from high-fat foods Furthermore, when indicated by the blood concentrations of C15:0 and C17:0, in humans, dairy products Intake is associated with several health benefits, including a lower incidence of obesity and irritability disorders. To date, the mechanisms of the benefits of dairy products for obesity and hypersensitivity have not been elucidated. It has not been determined. Based on the results obtained using the method of the embodiment, odd-chain saturated fatty acids are found in humans. It has been suggested that dairy products may be important players in the anti-obesity and anti-hypersensitivity benefits. obtain.

[0161] To take advantage of these benefits, odd-chain saturated fatty acids are used in supplements, medical foods, and other foods. Additives, food fortifiers, beverage additives, beverage fortifiers, or tablets, encapsulated pills, gel capsules Acids in any form of pharmaceutical, including poppies, liquid suspensions, sprays, and powders. This can be done. Furthermore, human and animal samples (blood (including serum, plasma, and red blood cell membranes)) Diagnostic tests and assays for odd-chain saturated fatty acids in urine and feces are used to detect low odd-chain saturated fatty acids. Detect chain-saturated fatty acids and continuously monitor odd-chain saturated fatty acid levels in patients. Possible. The use of odd-chain saturated fatty acids can prevent, treat, and cure: high blood sugar. Resterolemia, obesity, thrombosis, fibrosis, wound healing, hyperglobulinemia, hypersensitivity, and Aging and age-related conditions, including cancer cell proliferation and other related conditions.

[0162] Based on modified diet studies using dolphins, odd-chain saturated fatty acids are associated with metabolic syndrome. Blood, diabetes, type 2 diabetes, elevated fasting plasma glucose, elevated serum triglycerides, Hyperferritinemia, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, abdominal obesity, pro-inflammatory state, C-reactive protein Improved quality, inflammation, anemia, insulin resistance, autoimmune diseases, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Proposed as a method for treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. It is being done.

[0163] The data shows a decrease in cholesterol (total or LDL cholesterol), and thrombosis, blood clots, and Odd-chain saturated fatty acids for the alleviation of vascular disease, obesity, hyperglobulinemia, hypersensitivity, and cancer cell proliferation. To demonstrate the direct effect: A high-fat diet was administered, followed by oral pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) for 12 weeks. Obese mice treated daily showed lower cholesterol levels compared to control mice fed only a high-fat diet. It showed sterols and a lower percentage of weight gain. Cholesterol with pentadecanoate The reducing effect was repeated in the authors' study using rabbits fed a high-fat diet. Rabbits given and simultaneously treated with daily oral pentadecanoic acid for 11 weeks compared to high-fat diet controls. In comparison, cholesterol levels were lower. In addition, the authors' study of rabbits on a high-fat diet compared to the control group. In comparison, pentadecanoic acid lowers serum globulin levels and reduces the severity of liver fibrosis. Beneficial effects were demonstrated. These anti-hypersensitivity and anti-fibrotic effects in rabbits were our first This has been repeated in human cell phenotypic profiling studies, including studies on phenotypic profiling from B cells. dose-dependent reduction of secretory immunoglobulin G by endothelial cells, uroquina - Increased plasminogen activator receptors, and plasminogen activator inhibitors This included a decrease in collagen-1, collagen-I, and dermal fibroblast proliferation.

[0164] The data shows the presence of odd-chain saturated fatty acids at dose-dependent concentrations ranging from 2.2 μM to 20 μM. Beneficial activity is demonstrated, and the most beneficial effect is detected at a minimum of 6.7 μM. The administration of odd-chain saturated fatty acids to achieve serum, plasma, cell, or tissue levels is observed. It is expected to provide the perceived beneficial effects.

[0165] The following material: Venn-Watson S. (2015) Ferritin reduction and dolphins Heptadecanoic acid (C17), a saturated fatty acid associated with the reduction of metabolic syndrome in [the region]. Increased dietary intake (0). PLOS ONE 10:e0132117.

[0166] Methods and compositions related to or applicable to aging or related conditions are described in the following references. These have been discussed and are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety: Yin, G. (2 015)Pfeuffer M,Jaudszus A,Pentadecanoic and heptadecanoic acids:multifacted odd- chain fatty acids,Adv Nutr.2016 July15;7 (4):730-4; Fave, G. (2004) Physical properties of lipids: Lipid bioavailability A new strategy for managing lability. Cell Bol Biol 50:815-831 .. Ramirez, M. (2001) Absorption and distrib of dietary fatty acids differ from ent sources.Early Hum Develop 65:S95-S10 1;Jenkins B.(2015)A review of odd-chain fatty acid metabolism and or role of pen tadecanoic acid(C15:0) and heptadecanoic ac The role of id(C17:0) in health and disease. Molecules 20:2425 -44;Mansson HL(2008) Fatty acids in bovin e milk fat.Food Nutr Res 52:4;Benatar JR (2014) Effects of changes in dairy intake on trans and saturated fatty acid concentrations - Randa Results of comparative chemistry tests. Nutr J 13:32; Abdullah MM. (2015 Recommended dairy intake modifies the circulating fatty acid profile in healthy adults: multicenter study Lossover research. Br J Nutr 113:435-44; Forouhi N. (2014)Differences in prospective associa tion between individual plasma phospholi pid saturated fatty acids and incident t ype 2 diabetes: EPIC-InterAct case-cohor t study.Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2:810 -8; Patel P. (2010) Measured in plasma and red blood cell membrane phospholipids, food intake frequency Fatty acids derived from a questionnaire and the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes: Europea n Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort pilot the study. Am J Clin Nutrition 92:1214-22;Krachl er B. (2008) Fatty acid profile of red blood cell membranes preceding the onset of type 2 diabetes. Nutrition ·Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. NMCD 18:503-10;Maruyama C.(200 8) Serum phospholipid fatty acid composition and estimation between Japanese men with and without metabolic syndrome Differences in constant desaturase activity. J Atherscler Thromb 15:306 -313; Choi H. (2005) Male dairy consumption and type 2 diabetes risk: prospective study Research. JAMA Internal Med 165:997-1003;Kratz M (2014) Milk fat intake is associated with glucose tolerance, hepatic and systemic insulin sensitivity, and hepatic fat. However, it is not related to human β-cell function. Journal of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition. 99:1385-96;M ennen L. (2000) Bread and dairy products as risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Potential preventative effect of the product. Nutrition Research 20:335-47; Pereira M. (2002) Dairy consumption, obesity, and insulin resistance in young adults. Syndrome: CARDIA trial. JAMA 287:2081-9; Sandrou D. 2000)Low-fat / calorie foods:current state and perspectives.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 40:427-47;Pfeuffer M. (2006) Milk and met Abolic syndrome. Obesity Rev 8:109-18; Mansson H L (2008) Fatty acids in milk fat. Food Nutr Res 52:4;Fern Andes R. (2013) Acute phase protein and serum fatty acid composition in morbidly obese patients The relationship with Dis Markers 35:104-102; Forouhi NG.( 2014)Differences in prospective associates ion between individual plasma phospholips id saturated fatty acids and incident ty pe 2 diabetes:EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study.Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2:810-8 18.doi:10.1016 / S2213-8587(14)70146-9 PMI D:25107467; Benatar JR. (2014) Changes in dairy consumption are a challenge Effects on glycemic index and saturated fatty acid levels - Results of a randomized controlled trial. Nutr J 13: 32.doi:10.1186 / 1475-2891-13-32 PMID:2470 8591; Periera MA et al. (2002) Dairy intake in young adults Intake, obesity, and insulin resistance syndrome: The CARDIA study. JAMA 287:2081-2089;Kratz M et al. (2013) The relation ship bething-fat dairy consumption and o besity,cardiovascular,and metabolic disease ase.Eur J Nutr 52:1-24; Miyake Y et al. (2014) Pregnancy And maternal consumption of dairy products, calcium, and vitamin D during infant allergic disorders. n Allergy Asthma Immunol 113:82-87;Kries berg RA and Kasim S (1987) Cholesterol metabolism and aging, A m J Med 82:54-60;Anderson KM,Castelli WP Levy D (1987) Cholesterol and Mortality: Framingham St. dy JAMA 257:2176-2180 30-year trace; Ghosh AK , Vaughan DE 2011 PAI-1 in tissue fibroses is J Cell Physiol 227:493-507;Hallgren e t al.1973 Lymphocyte phytohemaglutinin response Responsive immunoglobulins. J Immunol 111:1101-1107.

[0167] Example 4 Our screened compounds have activity related to multiple age-related diseases. To demonstrate this, a selected subset of synthesized compounds was used to create a base for human cells. The research was completed. As evidence of the concept, the expected effects of reducing inflammation in dolphins were observed. Based on their effectiveness, we selected 14 compounds from our compound library. The pure synthetic forms of these compounds were used in 12 different human primary cells that mimic various disease conditions. Using this system, cell-based activity (multiple age-related diseases and diseases that may affect lifespan) is investigated. Screening was performed for (related to) (Table 4 - Selected compounds in the library) (Description of the primary human cell line used for screening). method

[0168] The Diversity PLUS panel is a system that models various human disease states. This enables unbiased characterization of test reagents across a broad set. The system models the complex human tissue and disease biology of the vascular system, skin, lungs, and inflammatory tissues. Designed to be activated. This broad panel determines the activity of 148 biomarkers. Using quantitative measurements and comparative analysis of bioactivity from known bioactive agents, four concentrations were determined. Efficacy and function of each selected compound at 740 nm and 2.2, 6.7, and 20 μM We predicted and compared the following.

[0169] The BioMAP system transmits relevant signals that naturally occur in human tissue or pathological conditions. To capture the network, a stimulus (such as cytokines or growth factors) was applied, It is constructed from one or more primary cell types derived from a healthy human donor. Vascular biology involves arterial smooth muscle cells. Similar to the Th1 inflammatory state specific to (CASM3C system), Th1 (3C system) and Th2 (4 It is modeled in both inflammatory environments (H system). Further systems include monocyte-driven Th1 inflammation (LPS). Chronic Th1 inflammation driven by T cell stimulation (SAg system) or macrophage activation. All of the following include T cell-dependent activation of B cells occurring in the disease (lMphg system) and germinal centers (BT system) Reproduces aspects of the physiological immune response. BE3C system (Th1) and BF4T system (Th 2) represents airway inflammation in the lungs, while the MyoF system represents myofibroblast-lung tissue remodeling. This is modeled. Finally, skin biology uses KF3CT to model Th1 skin inflammation. This is handled by the HDF3CGF system, which models stems and wound healing.

[0170] Each test drug alters the readout of protein biomarkers within its respective system environment. The signature BioMAP profile is generated from the biomarker measurements. (7-17 per system) are selected according to therapeutic and biological significance, and the outcome of the disease or This predicts the effect of a specific drug and is validated using drugs with a known mechanism of action (MoA). Each readout is an immuno-based method for detecting proteins (e.g., ELISA) or Growth and survival rates are quantitatively measured by functional assays. BioMAP reading The components are diverse, including cell surface receptors, cytokines, chemokines, matrix molecules, and yeasts. Includes elements. Overall, the Diversity PLUS panel is a specific BioMAP system. 148 biomarker readouts that capture biological changes occurring within the physiological context of the stem. It includes . Specific BioMAP activity correlates with in vivo biology and diverse physiological systems. To distinguish compounds based on MoA and target selectivity across multiple parameters, The ioMAP profile is being used.

[0171] The activated BioMAP system was incubated with each compound for 24-72 hours. Protein-based biomarkers were measured from the biomass and compared to an untreated control system. Carer activity is indicated by at least one compound concentration being outside the significant envelope and exceeding 20%. A significant effect was considered to have a size (log10 ratio) > 0.1. BioMAP assays currently include metabolic disorders such as hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. We do not have cell lines to model sexually transmitted diseases; therefore, these assays are not suitable. The evaluation was limited to assessing the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties of the compound.

[0172] The compounds included in this study are 10-undecanoate (conjugate base of 10-undecanoic acid). Lipids, medium-chain fatty acids), 10-heptanoate (conjugate base of 10-heptadecanoic acid); lipids It contains long-chain fatty acids and pentadecanoic acid (lipid, long-chain fatty acid).

[0173] result All compounds exhibited efficacy across multiple cell systems mimicking various age-related diseases, ranging from 0.7 to 2. Therapeutic activity was successfully demonstrated at concentrations of 0 μM (Table 5: Mimicking various age-related diseases). Therapeutic activity of selected compounds in the following human cell lines. Th1 and Th2 type inflammation, T cells Dependent B cell proliferation, allergies, asthma, atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Crohn's disease, skin reactions to tissue damage, fibrosis, hematological conditions Oncology, metabolic diseases, organ transplantation, psoriasis, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary response to respiratory infections, restenosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, stromal biology in tumors, systemic lupus erythematosus ( Our selected compounds, which are representative of SLE, ulcerative colitis, and vasculitis, A weakened, related cell-based disease system. Diseases targeted by selected compounds. An example summary is provided (Table 6 - Based on human primary cell phenotypic profiling activity data) Then, Th2-type inflammation or T cell-dependent B cell proliferation targeted by the selected compound Examples of diseases included; Table 7 - Selection based on human primary cell phenotypic profiling activity data. Examples of diseases including Th1-type inflammation targeted by the compound; Table 8 - Human primary cell table Based on the current profiling activity data, the disease targeted by the selected compound is determined. (Example of a patient).

[0174] Furthermore, based on the findings of this study, diseases driven or exacerbated by the following factors were selected. The selected compounds may attenuate or treat: α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) ), CD40, CD69, Collagen I, Decorin, e-Selectin, Eotaxin 3 ( CCL26), fibroblast proliferation, human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR), Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10 / CXCL10), interleuk (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8(CXCL8), IL-17A, IL- 17F, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), matrix metalloprotein Nase (MMP)-1, MMP-9, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), γ-inter - Feron (MIG / CXCL9), Plasminogen Activation Inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) ), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), serum amyloid A, T or B cell proliferation, tissue Plasminogen activator (tPA), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), vascular cell adhesion Child (VCAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2).

[0175] In summary, this study identified fatty acids across multiple pathways in the dolphin metabolome, and We demonstrated that it is predicted to have therapeutic activity related to age-related diseases and can mimic various disease states. We successfully demonstrated disease-modifying activity in a mimicking human cell line. [Table 4] [Table 5] [Table 6] [Table 7] [Table 8] [Table 9] [Table 10] [Table 11]

[0176] Exemplary Embodiments Method 1: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms or Aging Methods for treating or preventing conditions related to [the condition].

[0177] Method 2: Age-related conditions include inflammation, anemia, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, liver disease, and iron overload. Skin healing disorders, scarring, pain, allergies, sleep disorders and problems, Th1 type inflammation, T cells Dependent B-cell proliferation, allergies, asthma, atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Lung disease (COPD), Crohn's disease, skin reactions to tissue damage, fibrosis, hematology / oncology, organs Organ transplantation, psoriasis, pulmonary fibrosis, lung response to respiratory infections, restenosis, rheumatoid arthritis, tumors Interstitial biology in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ulcerative colitis, vasculitis, and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), CD40, CD69, collagen I, decorin, e - Selectin, Eotaxin 3 (CCL26), Fibroblast Proliferation, Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Isotype (HLA-DR), immunoglobulin γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10 / C) XCL10), interferon-induced T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC / CXCL11) ), interleukins (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), I L-10, IL-17F, Keratin 8 / 81, Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (MC) SF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 ( MCP-1), gamma interferon (MIG / CXCL9), plasminogen activation inhibitor Harmful factor 1 (PAI-1), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), serum amyloid A, T Alternatively, B cell proliferation, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) α), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2) A group consisting of a disease caused by or exacerbated by one or more factors selected from the group Method 1 to be selected.

[0178] Method 3: The method is either Method 1 or Method 2, which are preventive methods.

[0179] Method 4: The method is either Method 1 or Method 2, which are treatment methods.

[0180] Method 5: One of Methods 1-4, where the age-related condition is hypercholesterolemia. .

[0181] Method 6: Select from the group consisting of age-related conditions: thrombosis, fibrosis, and poor wound healing. One of the following methods (1-4) will be selected.

[0182] Method 7: Method 6 modulates markers or symptoms of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wound healing.

[0183] Method 8: Markers of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wound healing are found in serum, plasma, cells, or tissue. Level odd-chain saturated fatty acids, urokinase plasminogen activator, plasmino Method 7, selected from the group consisting of collagen-activating inhibitor-1 or collagen-I. .

[0184] Method 9: One of Methods 1-4, where the age-related condition is thrombosis.

[0185] Method 10: Select from the group whose age-related conditions consist of hyperglobulinemia and hypersensitivity disorders. One of the following methods (1-4) will be selected.

[0186] Method 10: Method 10, in which markers or symptoms of hyperglobulinemia or hypersensitivity are regulated.

[0187] Method 12: Markers of hyperglobulinemia or hypersensitivity include odd-chain saturated fatty acids and serum globulin. A selection from the group consisting of phosphorus or immunoglobulin G at the serum, plasma, cell, or tissue level. Method 11.

[0188] Method 13: One of Methods 1-4, where the age-related condition is a hypersensitivity disorder.

[0189] Method 14: Blood containing one or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms In which the concentration of pure, plasma, or red blood cell membrane is increased to a concentration greater than 2.2 μM and less than 30 μM. One of the following laws, from 1 to 13.

[0190] Method 15: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms are hep One of the methods 1-14 for tadecanoic acid.

[0191] Method 16: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms are pen One of the methods 1-14 for tadecanoic acid.

[0192] Method 17: One of methods 1-16, in which multiple different odd-chain fatty acids are administered.

[0193] Method 18: Blood containing one or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms Method 1: The concentration of clear water, plasma, red blood cells, or tissue increases to more than 2.2 μM and less than 30 μM. Choose one of the following 17 options.

[0194] Method 19: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms or A pharmaceutically acceptable salt of has one or more odd carbon atoms between 9 and 31 carbon atoms. A unit dosage form comprising a chain fatty acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, One of methods 1 to 18, provided as a pharmaceutical composition.

[0195] Method 20: The unit dosage form has one or more odd numbers of carbon atoms ranging from 9 to 31. Method 1: Contains 0.01 mg to 10,000 mg of chain fatty acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 9.

[0196] Method 21: A pharmaceutical composition that substantially does not contain even-chain saturated fatty acids, according to any of Methods 19-20. Choose one.

[0197] Method 22: A pharmaceutical composition that is substantially free of polyunsaturated fatty acids, according to any of Methods 19-21 Choose one.

[0198] Method 23: From Methods 1-22, one or more odd-chain fatty acids have 9 carbon atoms or The patient is given 31 carbon atoms or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt solution once a day. A method of giving.

[0199] Pharmaceutical composition 24: Contains one or more fatty acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more Fatty acids selected from the group consisting of odd-chain saturated fatty acids are used to treat or prevent age-related conditions. Pharmaceutical compositions for prevention; and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.

[0200] Pharmaceutical composition 25: Conditions related to aging, such as inflammation, anemia, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, liver disease, Iron overload, impaired skin integrity, wound healing, scarring, allergies, sleep disorders and problems, stomach Intestinal disorders and problems, Th1-type inflammation, T-cell-dependent B-cell proliferation, allergies, asthma, atherosclerosis For pulmonary arteriosclerosis, chronic inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Crohn's disease, and tissue damage. Skin reactions, fibrosis, hematological oncology, organ transplantation, psoriasis, lung reactions to respiratory infections, Restenosis, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, tumor stromal biology, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ulcerative colitis, vasculitis, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), CD40, Select from the group consisting of CD69, collagen I, decorin, e-selectin, and eotaxin 3. Diseases driven or exacerbated by one or more selected factors (CCL26), increased fibroblasts Proliferation, human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR), immunoglobulin γ-inducing protein CXCL10 (IP-10 / CXCL10), interferon-induced T cell alpha chemoattractant ( I-TAC / CXCL11), interleukins (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, I L-8 (CXCL8), IL-10, IL-17F, keratin 8 / 81, macrophage Colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1), Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), gamma interferon (MIG / CXCL9), Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) ), serum amyloid A, T or B cell proliferation, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) , tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor A pharmaceutical composition 24 selected from the group consisting of 2(VEGFR2).

[0201] Formulation composition 26: Either pharmaceutical composition 24 or 25, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is related to aging Any one of the pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of the following condition.

[0202] Pharmaceutical composition 27: A pharmaceutical composition for the prevention of age-related conditions. Either product 24 or 26.

[0203] Pharmaceutical composition 28: Pharmaceutical composition 24~ in which the age-related condition is hypercholesterolemia Choose one of the 27 options.

[0204] Pharmaceutical composition 29: A condition related to aging consisting of thrombosis, fibrosis, and poor wound healing. One of the pharmaceutical compositions 22-27 selected from the group.

[0205] Pharmaceutical composition 30: Modifies markers or symptoms of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wound healing. A pharmaceutical composition 29 conforming to the requirements.

[0206] Pharmaceutical composition 31: Markers of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wound healing are found in serum, plasma, cells, Or odd-chain saturated fatty acids at the tissue level, urokinase plasminogen activator, p Selected from the group consisting of rasminogen-activating inhibitor-1 or collagen-I. , pharmaceutical composition 30.

[0207] Pharmaceutical composition 32: Any of pharmaceutical compositions 24 to 27 in which the age-related condition is thrombosis. One.

[0208] Pharmaceutical composition 33: A group of conditions related to aging consisting of hyperglobulinemia and hypersensitivity disorders. One of the pharmaceutical compositions 24-27 selected from the following.

[0209] Pharmaceutical composition 34: Suitable for modulating markers or symptoms of hyperglobulinemia or hypersensitivity Combined pharmaceutical composition 33.

[0210] Pharmaceutical composition 35: Markers of hyperglobulinemia or hypersensitivity include odd-chain saturated fatty acids and serum From a group consisting of globulins or immunoglobulin G at the serum, plasma, cell, or tissue level. A selected pharmaceutical composition 34.

[0211] Pharmaceutical composition 36: Among pharmaceutical compositions 24-27 in which the age-related condition is a hypersensitivity disorder Choose one.

[0212] Pharmaceutical composition 37: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms. Increase the concentration of acid in serum, plasma, or red blood cell membranes to a concentration greater than 2.2 μM and less than 30 μM. One of the pharmaceutical compositions 24 to 32 adapted to the above.

[0213] Pharmaceutical composition 38: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms The active ingredient is heptadecanoic acid, and is one of the pharmaceutical compositions 24 to 37.

[0214] Pharmaceutical composition 39: One or more odd-chain fatty acids with 9 to 31 carbon atoms are compounded with pentadecanoic acid. Choose one of the following products from 24 to 37.

[0215] Pharmaceutical composition 40: A combination of pharmaceutical compositions 24-39 in which multiple different odd-chain fatty acids are administered. One difference.

[0216] Pharmaceutical composition 41: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms or a drug combination in a unit dose form comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Choose one of the following items from 24 to 40.

[0217] Pharmaceutical composition 42: Unit dosage form is 0.01 mg to 10000 mg, with 9 to 3 carbon atoms. A compound comprising one or more odd-chain fatty acids having one carbon atom or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, One of the pharmaceutical compositions 24 to 41.

[0218] Pharmaceutical composition 43: Pharmaceutical composition 24, which substantially does not contain even-chain saturated fatty acids. Choose one of the following (up to 42).

[0219] Pharmaceutical composition 44: Pharmaceutical composition 24, which substantially does not contain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Choose one of the following 43 options.

[0220] Pharmaceutical composition 45: Contains 9 to 31 carbon atoms per 1 kg of body weight per day 2.5 mg to 50 mg of one or more odd-chain fatty acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. One of 24 to 44 pharmaceutical compositions in a unit dosage form suitable for administration to a patient.

[0221] Pharmaceutical composition 46: A pharmaceutical composition in a unit dosing form adapted for administration to a patient once daily. Choose one item from 24 to 45.

[0222] Use 47: Use of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of age-related conditions, 1 It contains one or more fatty acids, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more fatty acids are odd-chain saturated. Use of a pharmaceutical composition selected from the group consisting of Japanese fatty acids; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0223] Use 48: Age-related conditions include inflammation, anemia, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, liver disease, and iron overload. Symptoms include impaired wound healing, scarring, pain, allergies, sleep disorders and problems, Th1 type inflammation, and T cell Cell-dependent B cell proliferation, allergies, asthma, atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, chronic occlusion Patient-mediated lung disease (COPD), Crohn's disease, skin reactions to tissue damage, fibrosis, hematology / oncology, Organ transplantation, psoriasis, pulmonary fibrosis, lung response to respiratory infections, restenosis, rheumatoid arthritis, tumors Interstitial biology in ulcers, ulcerative colitis, vasculitis, alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), CD 40, CD69, Collagen I, Decorin, e-Selectin, Eotaxin 3 (CCL2) 6) One or more factors selected from the group consisting of fibroblast proliferation, human leukocyte antigen-DR Isotype (HLA-DR), immunoglobulin γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10 / C) XCL10), interferon-induced T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC / CXCL11) ), interleukins (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), I L-10, IL-17F, Keratin 8 / 81, Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (MC) SF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 ( MCP-1), gamma interferon (MIG / CXCL9), plasminogen activation inhibitor Harmful factor 1 (PAI-1), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), serum amyloid A, T Alternatively, B cell proliferation, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) α), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2) A selection of usage from the group.

[0224] Use 49: Use 49 or 4 where the pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment of age-related conditions. One of the 8.

[0225] Use 50: Use 47 or 4 is for the prevention of age-related conditions. One of the 8.

[0226] Use 51: Any of Uses 43-46 where the age-related condition is hypercholesterolemia. One.

[0227] Use 52: From the group of age-related conditions consisting of thrombosis, fibrosis, and poor wound healing Select one of the following to use: 47-51.

[0228] Use 53: A pharmaceutical composition that modifies markers or symptoms of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wound healing. Use 52, adapted to the section.

[0229] Use 54: Markers of thrombosis, fibrosis, or poor wound healing are detected in serum, plasma, cells, or Tissue-level odd-chain saturated fatty acids, urokinase plasminogen activator, plus A substance selected from the group consisting of minogen-activating inhibitor-1 or collagen-I is used. For 53.

[0230] Use 55: One of Uses 47-51 is an age-related condition that is thrombosis.

[0231] Use 56: Age-related conditions are selected from the group consisting of hyperglobulinemia and hypersensitivity disorders. Select one of the following to use: 47-51.

[0232] Use 57: A pharmaceutical composition modifies markers or symptoms of hyperglobulinemia or hypersensitivity. Suitable for use in 56.

[0233] Use 58: One of Uses 47-51 is a hypersensitivity disorder related to aging.

[0234] Use 59: Markers of hyperglobulinemia or hypersensitivity include odd-chain saturated fatty acids and serum globulin. A selection from the group consisting of phosphorus or immunoglobulin G at the serum, plasma, cell, or tissue level. Use 58.

[0235] Use 60: The pharmaceutical composition has one or more odd carbon atoms ranging from 9 to 31 carbon atoms. To increase the concentration of multi-chain fatty acids in serum, plasma, or red blood cell membranes from more than 2.2 μM to less than 30 μM. Use one of 47-59, adapted to increase the value.

[0236] Uses 61: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms Use one of the following: tadecanoic acid, 47-60.

[0237] Uses 62: One or more odd-chain fatty acids having 9 to 31 carbon atoms are pens Use one of the following: tadecanoic acid, 47-60.

[0238] Use 63: Multiple different odd-chain fatty acids are administered, one of uses 47-62.

[0239] Use 64: A pharmaceutical composition having one or more odd carbon atoms between 9 and 31 carbon atoms. A unit dosage form comprising a chain fatty acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Use one of the following: 47-63.

[0240] Use 65: Use 64, where the unit dosage form is from 9 carbon atoms to 31 carbon atoms 0.01 mg to 100 mg of one or more odd-chain fatty acids having the same, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Contains 00mg.

[0241] Use 66: The pharmaceutical composition substantially does not contain even-chain saturated fatty acids, as per Uses 47-65. Choose one.

[0242] Use 67: The pharmaceutical composition is substantially free of polyunsaturated fatty acids, as per Uses 47-66. Choose one.

[0243] Example of use 68: The pharmaceutical composition contains 9 to 31 carbon atoms per kg of body weight in the patient. 2.5 mg of one or more odd-chain fatty acids containing atoms, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. One of the unit dosage forms from usage examples 47 to 67, suitable for a 50 mg / day dose.

[0244] Use 69: Any one of Uses 47-69, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered once a day to the patient Use is a unit dosage form adapted for administration to [specific target group / condition].

[0245] The above description represents the best mode intended for carrying out the present invention, as well as the manufacturing and production of the present invention. The methods and processes of use of the present invention are intended for those skilled in the art to manufacture and use. To present in complete, clear, concise, and precise terminology that makes this possible. However, this publication The original is completely equivalent and readily subject to modification and substitution structures from the above. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. Rather, the present invention is the subject matter of the present invention. The present invention, as generally represented by the following claims, particularly points out and clearly asserts the following: This disclosure includes all modifications and alternative structures that fall within the spirit and scope. Although these have been illustrated and explained in detail in the text, such illustrations and explanations are illustrative or illustrative. It should be considered general, not limited.

[0246] All references cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Publications and patents or patents incorporated by reference that conflict with the disclosures contained herein. Within the scope of this application, this specification describes materials that replace and / or are superior to such conflicting materials. It is intended to be done first.

[0247] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) are used by those skilled in the art. The usual and conventional meanings should be given, and are not explicitly defined herein. Unless otherwise specified, the meaning is not limited to any special or customized meaning. The use of specific terms when describing characteristics or aspects of this disclosure is subject to the terms to which they relate. Terms are redefined herein to be limited to include any specific features of a sign or aspect. It should be noted that this should not be interpreted as implying that... Terms and phrases, and especially in the attached claims, unless otherwise explicitly stated. Unless otherwise specified, those variations should be interpreted as publicly available, not limiting. This is the case. As mentioned above, the term "includes" means "not limited to," etc. It should be interpreted as "to taste," and the term "contains" is synonymous with "contains," etc. It is synonymous with "include" or "characterize", and is equivalent to "include" or "characterize". " has no exclusion of additional, unlisted elements or method steps The term should be interpreted as "at least have," and the term "includes but" should be interpreted as "limiting." It should be interpreted as "not something that can be used as an example," and the term "example" should be used to refer to an example of an item under discussion. Used to provide a symbolic instance, and to exhaustively or limit its list. Adjectives such as "known," "normal," and "standard," and similar terms are not included. This is interpreted as limiting the items to those available for a given period or time. It should not be limited to that, but rather should encompass available, known, common, or standard technologies. It should be interpreted as: Known now or at any time in the future, or at any time, “preferred The terms "or," "favorable," "desirable," or "desirable," and similar meanings. The use of this term means that a particular feature is important, essential, or significant to the structure or function of the present invention. It should not be understood as implying that, rather, a specific embodiment of the present invention It is merely intended to highlight alternative or additional features that may or may not be used in the context. It should be understood as such. Similarly, groups of items linked to the term "and" This is interpreted as requiring each and all of those items to be present within the group. It should not be interpreted as "and / or" unless otherwise specified. Similarly, groups of items linked to the term "or" are mutually exclusive among themselves. It should not be interpreted as requiring sexuality, but rather, unless otherwise specified, "and / also" It should be interpreted as "is".

[0248] If a range of values ​​is provided, the upper and lower limits, as well as the interval between the upper and lower limits of that range, should be specified. It is understood that each of the intervening values ​​is included within the embodiment.

[0249] With regard to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms in this specification, a person skilled in the art will know. Change from plural to singular, and / or singular to plural, to be appropriate for the context and / or use. It can be translated. Various singular / plural substitutions are clearly stated herein for clarity. It may be included. The indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude the plural. Single process The or other unit fulfills the function of several items listed in the claims. It is possible. It is simply a fact that specific means are described in mutually different dependent claims. This does not mean that combinations of these means cannot be used to their advantage. i. Any reference numeral in the claims shall be construed as limiting the scope. It shouldn't be done.

[0250] If the intention is to enumerate a specific number of introduced claims, such intention is that the claims If explicitly enumerated, and no such enumeration exists, then such intent does not exist. It will likely be further understood by the vendor. For example, to aid understanding, see the attached below. The claims include an enumeration of claims, with the introductory phrase "at least one" and This may include the use of "one or more." However, the use of such phrases may be subject to the introduction of the relevant criteria. A specific claim containing a description of the claim, a specific claim containing a description of the introduced claim The introduction of a claim description using "a" or "an" in "Mu" is acceptable even if there are "one or more" identical claims. Or an introductory phrase such as "at least one" and "a" or "an" Even if it includes unclear items such as "a" and / or "an", (Typewise, this should be interpreted as meaning "at least 1" or "1 or more"), The same applies to the use of specific items used to introduce Rhehm's description. Therefore, even if the specific number of claim references introduced is explicitly cited, Such quotes are typically cited in at least a number of times (for example, other modifiers, typically This refers to a bare quotation of "two quotations" that means at least two quotations, or two or more quotations. They should recognize that it should be interpreted as meaning "A, B, and When a rule similar to "at least one of the following, such as C, is used, generally, Such a configuration is intended to be understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "A, B, and C A system having at least one of the following is defined as A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B alone, A and B alone, A and C alone, A and C alone, B and C alone, and / or A, B and C alone This includes, but is not limited to, systems having, etc. "Among A, B, or C, etc." If a clause similar to "at least one of the above" is used, in general, such a configuration is It is intended that they understand the terms (for example, "at least one of A, B, or C"). A system having two components can be A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, or B and C. This includes, but is not limited to, systems having A, B and C, etc. (i) Furthermore, in the description, claims, or drawings, two or more alternatives Substantially any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting a term is one of the terms, of the terms It should be understood that this intends to include either or both of the terms. It will likely be further understood by the vendor. For example, the phrase "A or B" is "A" It is understood to include the possibility of either "B" or "A and B".

[0251] All numerical values ​​such as the number of components and reaction conditions listed in the specifications are approximate. Since it is understood that it has been changed in some cases, unless the listed numbers are reversed, the calculation is The approximate value will differ depending on the properties being addressed. At a minimum, priority to this application will be claimed. In any application, this is not an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the claims. Each numerical parameter should be interpreted in light of the number of significant figures and the usual rounding methods. That is the case.

[0252] Furthermore, for the sake of clarity and understanding, the above will be explained in some detail by examples and embodiments. As described therein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that certain changes and modifications may be made. Therefore, the description and examples extend the scope of the present invention to the specific embodiments described herein and This should not be interpreted as being limited to the examples provided, but rather as representing the true scope and spirit of the invention. This should be interpreted as encompassing all modifications and alternatives included in [the original text].

Claims

[Claim 1] The invention described in the specification or drawings.

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