Organic matter decomposition apparatus and decomposition method

Abstract

To provide a technology that enables the appropriate contact of reactive oxygen species with organic waste. [Solution] An organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 and decomposition method comprising: a storage tank 2 which is a closed space for storing the material to be processed; an active oxygen generator 3 which supplies an active oxygen mixed gas; a discharge unit which ejects the active oxygen mixed gas supplied by the active oxygen generator 3 into the storage tank 2; and a heating device which heats the storage tank 2, wherein the discharge unit is equipped with three or more discharge nozzles arranged in the vertical direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an organic matter decomposing apparatus and a decomposing method.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, an apparatus for incinerating waste containing food waste and other organic substances discharged from discharged business operators and the like is known. In an apparatus for treating waste by incineration, it is necessary to detoxify and deodorize harmful substances present in the exhaust gas. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a pyrolysis tank having a fluid heating medium for supplying a treatment object, and a purification tank for purifying the vaporized components generated in the pyrolysis tank. In the pyrolysis tank, the treatment object is pyrolyzed in a substantially oxygen-free state in the fluid heating medium, and in the purification tank, a pyrolysis treatment apparatus for oxidatively decomposing the oxidized substances in the vaporized components is disclosed.

[0003] In addition, a treatment apparatus for decomposing organic substances such as food waste is also known. In addition to a food waste treatment apparatus using bacteria, a food waste treatment apparatus that suppresses the generation of methane gas and putrid odor by using active oxygen species during the decomposition treatment is also known. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses that, as active oxygen species, superoxide (O2·-), hydroxyl radical (·OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet oxygen ( 1 O2), ozone (O3), etc. are used to decompose the food waste put into the storage tank.

[0004] As disclosed in Patent Document 2, reactive oxygen species can be generated by applying a high voltage to a discharge needle to generate corona discharge, but the amount of reactive oxygen species generated is small, which presents a problem in that it is not possible to adequately decompose organic matter.Therefore, Patent Document 3 proposes generating a large amount of reactive oxygen species using an reactive oxygen species generator that has an electron emission type negative ion generation unit for emitting electrons into an oxygen-containing gas flowing in from a gas inlet to discharge an ionized gas, and a high magnetic field chamber in which the inlet side of a flow path provided in a permanent magnet is an S pole or N pole and the outlet side is the opposite pole, and the ionized gas flowing out from the electron emission type negative ion generation unit flows into this flow path to discharge reactive oxygen species. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-124585 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2017-189413 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 6889499 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] The apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 could perform decomposition treatment for disposal purposes, but could not process the materials for reuse. The reactive oxygen species generator in Patent Document 3 made it possible to generate a large amount of reactive oxygen species, but there was a problem in that it was not possible to properly bring the reactive oxygen species into contact with the organic waste, and thus the decomposition treatment (processing) could not be performed efficiently.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a technology that enables the appropriate contact of organic waste with reactive oxygen species. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to the present invention comprises the following technical means. [1] An organic matter decomposition apparatus comprising: a storage tank which is a closed space for storing the material to be processed; an active oxygen generator for supplying an active oxygen mixed gas; a discharge unit for ejecting the active oxygen mixed gas supplied by the active oxygen generator into the storage tank; and a heating device for heating the storage tank, The organic matter decomposition apparatus is characterized in that the ejection unit comprises three or more nozzles arranged in the vertical direction. [2] The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to [1], characterized in that the ejection part comprises a plurality of ejection parts arranged opposite to each other. [3] The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to [1], characterized in that the ejection part comprises a plurality of ejection parts arranged opposite to each other. [4] The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to [1], characterized in that the ejection unit is equipped with a movable louver provided at the nozzle, and the ejection direction of the active oxygen mixed gas can be adjusted by changing the angle of the movable louver. [5] The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to [1], further comprising a second heating device for heating an active oxygen supply pipe that connects the active oxygen generator and the ejection unit. [6] The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to any one of [1] to [5], characterized in that the storage tank has a mortar-shaped inner bottom surface, and the heating device has electrically heated tubes arranged radially on the inner bottom surface.

[0009] The method for decomposing organic matter according to the present invention comprises the following technical means. A method for decomposing organic matter using the organic matter decomposition apparatus described in [7][1], comprising the steps of: introducing the material to be treated into the storage tank; and decomposition steps of injecting the active oxygen mixed gas from the injection unit into the storage tank and heating the storage tank with the heating device. [8] The method for decomposing organic matter according to [7], characterized in that the material to be processed is rice husk, and silica powder that can be used as a material is produced by performing the decomposition step.

Advantages of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, by appropriately contacting active oxygen with organic waste, it becomes possible to perform desired decomposition treatment (processing).

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011] [Figure 1] It is a projection view showing the configuration of the organic matter decomposition apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a projection view showing the configuration of the organic matter decomposition apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a projection view showing the configuration of the organic matter decomposition apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] It is a top view showing the internal configuration of the organic matter decomposition apparatus according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] It is a projection view for explaining the ejection part of the organic matter decomposition apparatus according to the embodiment.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, the organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a projection view showing the configuration of the organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 includes a storage tank 2 into which a workpiece is introduced, an active oxygen generator 3, a discharge pipe 4, an ejection part 5, a heating device 6, and a control part 7. The organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 can decompose a workpiece containing organic matter such as waste wood, waste plastics (including packaging films), livestock manure, rice husks, waste food products, waste seafood (including shells), used diapers, and clothes, and process them into reusable materials.

[0013] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the storage tank 2 is substantially regular octagonal in top view, and includes eight columns 21 provided at each corner, an outer wall 22 provided between the columns 21, a top plate 23, a charging section 24, a chimney 25, and an inner bottom surface 26. Four of the eight columns 21 are provided with four ejection sections 5a to 5d respectively, and eject the active oxygen mixed gas supplied from the active oxygen generator 3 via the active oxygen supply pipe 31 onto the object to be treated. The storage tank 2 is a closed space, and the smoke generated during the decomposition of the object to be treated is discharged through the chimney 25.

[0014] The active oxygen generator 3 uses a cartridge-type device manufactured by WEF Technology Development Co., Ltd. described in Patent Document 3. The active oxygen generator 3 takes in oxygen in the atmosphere (about 21%), and converts about 10% of it into active oxygen containing superoxide anion (·O2 - ), and generates an active oxygen mixed gas containing the remaining about 11% of oxygen and other atmospheric components. The active oxygen generator 3 supplies the active oxygen mixed gas to the active oxygen supply pipe 31 at a flow rate of, for example, 50 to 3000 L / min. Since the oxygen concentration in the closed storage tank 2 is 13% or less, the object to be treated does not burn. In this embodiment, the superoxide anion (·O2 - ) generated by the active oxygen generator 3 reacts with the moisture in the storage tank 2 to generate hydroxyl radicals (hereinafter referred to as "OH radicals"), and the action of the OH radicals breaks the carbon bonds of organic substances and destroys cell walls, etc., thereby performing decomposition without combustion.

[0015] OH radicals are said to have the highest participation ability on the earth, and can oxidatively decompose organic substances with high efficiency. On the other hand, it is known that OH radicals disappear in a very short time (10 -6 seconds). Therefore, in order to perform oxidative decomposition by OH radicals, it is necessary to generate OH radicals in a manner that contacts the object to be treated. In this regard, the active oxygen generator 3 generates active oxygen containing superoxide anion (·O2 - ) with a disappearance time of about 6 to 10 seconds, and by bringing this into contact with the object to be treated in the storage tank 2, it is possible to oxidatively decompose organic substances with high efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a heater (not shown), which is a second heating device, is provided to heat at least a portion of the active oxygen supply pipe 31 connecting the active oxygen generator 3 and the storage tank 2 to, for example, 100°C or higher (e.g., 100°C to 1200°C), 150°C or higher, or 200°C or higher. The second heating device is not an essential component, but by increasing the amount of heat, it is possible to improve the decomposition rate.

[0017] The discharge pipe 4 is located below the storage tank 2, and the material to be processed after being disassembled in the storage tank 2 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 4. The connection and opening / closing of the storage tank 2 and the discharge pipe 4 are performed automatically by the control unit 7. The control unit 7 comprises a central processing unit, a memory device, and an operation panel for instructing the disassembly operation.

[0018] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the organic matter decomposition apparatus 1. As shown in the figure, some of the support columns 21 are provided with ejection sections 5. The ejection section 5 has a plurality of nozzles 51 arranged in the vertical direction, and reactive oxygen species are ejected from each nozzle 51. In this embodiment, each ejection section 5 has 14 nozzles 511...51 14 The system is configured as described above, but any number of nozzles is sufficient, preferably three or more, more preferably five or more. What is important here is that the nozzles 51 are arranged substantially evenly from the top of the storage tank 2 to the upper end of the inner bottom surface 26. By arranging multiple nozzles 51 substantially evenly in the depth direction of the storage tank 2, it is possible to inject active oxygen and hot air substantially evenly from the surface side to the bottom side of the object to be treated in the storage tank 2.

[0019] Furthermore, the nozzle 51 of this embodiment is configured to allow the direction of discharge to be changed. Figure 5 is a projection view illustrating the discharge section 5 of the embodiment, where (a) is a view from the storage tank side, (b) is a view from the opposite side of (a), and (c) is a projection view of the movable louver 52. A curved or bent, roughly L-shaped plate-shaped movable louver 52 is inserted through the nozzle 51. By changing the angle of this movable louver 52 by rotating two bolts 53, the direction of discharge of active oxygen can be changed, and the wind direction, airflow volume, and wind movement can be adjusted. In addition, by providing a curved or bent, roughly L-shaped plate-shaped movable louver 52 to cover the nozzle 51, it is possible to prevent the material to be treated from flowing back into the nozzle 51. Specifically, when the material to be treated includes waste plastic, the melted plastic may cause the nozzle 51 to become blocked, but this problem is resolved by providing the aforementioned movable louver 52.

[0020] The outer wall 22, top plate 23, input section 24, chimney 25, and inner bottom surface 26 are all made of metal (for example, SUS). The outer wall 22 and top plate 23 are detachably attached and can be removed for maintenance. The inner bottom surface 26 has a mortar-like shape with an outlet 27 in the center. The control unit 7 keeps the shutter on the outlet 27 closed until the disassembly process is complete, and opens the shutter to connect the storage tank 2 and the discharge pipe 4 once the disassembly process is complete. A heating device 6 with heating pipes arranged radially is provided on the back side of the inner bottom surface 26.

[0021] Figure 4 is a top view showing the internal configuration of the organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 according to this embodiment. For the sake of clarity, the outer wall 22, top plate 23, input section 24, chimney 25, inner bottom surface 26, etc., are omitted from the illustration. As shown in Figure 4, the heating device 6 is composed of eight U-shaped heater tubes 6a to 6h. In this embodiment, the inner bottom surface 26 is heated to a high temperature (for example, about 200 to 500°C or 100 to 1200°C) by the electrically heated heating device 6, thereby accelerating the decomposition of the material to be processed. According to the heater 6 of this embodiment, 0.1 to 5.0 m³ can be decomposed in a short time (for example, about 6 hours) without using petroleum-based fuel. 3 It is possible to decompose and sterilize materials containing organic matter.

[0022] When used disposable diapers were decomposed using the organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 of the embodiment, it was confirmed that both the excrement and the absorbent material were decomposed. Furthermore, when cow manure was decomposed using the organic matter decomposition device 1, it was confirmed that a volume reduction of 1 / 10 to 1 / 100 or less could be achieved (it should be noted that a higher volume reduction can be obtained by extending the decomposition treatment time). Furthermore, when oyster shells were decomposed using the organic matter decomposition device 1, it was confirmed that the organic matter attached to the oyster shells was decomposed, resulting in a volume reduction of 1 / 10 to 1 / 100 or less. Conventionally, in order to remove organic matter attached to oyster shells, it was necessary to transport them to a seabed and store them in the sea for more than three months, but it has become possible to shorten this storage period. Furthermore, by using the organic matter decomposition device 1 to decompose rice husks, we were able to produce a high-concentration silica powder that can be used in beauty serums, fertilizers, building materials, and other applications. Furthermore, when we carried out decomposition treatment of various types of waste, including food waste, general waste containing plastics, cardboard, paper, clothing, disposable diapers, and weeds, we were able to confirm that organic matter was decomposed (however, metals and inorganic substances mixed in the treated materials remained undecomposed).

[0023] According to the organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 of the embodiment described above, decomposition can be performed by heating without combustion, so the amount of carbon dioxide emitted can be greatly reduced, the amount of white smoke, black smoke and odor generated during the decomposition process can also be greatly reduced, and the generation of dioxins can also be reduced. Furthermore, the volume of the material to be treated containing organic matter can be reduced with high efficiency, for example, the volume of the material to be treated after decomposition can be reduced to 1 / 300 to 1 / 500. Furthermore, the organic matter decomposition apparatus 1 of this embodiment has multiple nozzles 51 arranged vertically and facing each other, so that superoxide anions (·O2) are released into the material to be treated that accumulates in the storage tank 2. - This allows for even contact with reactive oxygen species, including ), thereby enabling highly efficient oxidative decomposition of the material being treated.

[0024] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications and improvements can be made to the above embodiments, and such modified or improved forms are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0025] 1...Organic matter decomposition equipment 2…Storage tank 21...post 22…Exterior walls 23... Tabletop 24...Insertion section 25... Chimney 26…Inner bottom surface 27…Discharge port 3… Reactive oxygen species generator 31… Reactive oxygen species supply tube 4...Discharge pipe 5…Gushing part 6...Heating device 7…Control Unit

Claims

1. A storage tank is a closed space for storing the material to be processed, A reactive oxygen species generator that supplies a mixed reactive oxygen species gas, The ejection unit ejects the reactive oxygen mixed gas supplied by the reactive oxygen generator into the storage tank, An organic matter decomposition apparatus comprising a heating device for heating the aforementioned storage tank, The organic matter decomposition apparatus is characterized in that the ejection unit comprises three or more nozzles arranged in the vertical direction.

2. The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejection part comprises a plurality of ejection parts arranged opposite to each other.

3. The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejection part comprises a plurality of ejection parts arranged opposite to each other.

4. The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejection unit is equipped with a movable louver provided at the nozzle, and the ejection direction of the active oxygen mixed gas can be adjusted by changing the angle of the movable louver.

5. The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second heating device for heating an active oxygen supply pipe that connects the active oxygen generating device and the ejection unit.

6. The organic matter decomposition apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the storage tank has a mortar-shaped inner bottom surface, and the heating device has electrically charged heating tubes arranged radially on the inner bottom surface.

7. A method for decomposing organic matter using the organic matter decomposition apparatus described in claim 1, The process of putting the material to be processed into the storage tank, A decomposition step comprising: ejecting the active oxygen mixed gas from the ejection part into the storage tank, and heating the storage tank with the heating device, A method for decomposing organic matter, comprising the following features.

8. The method for decomposing organic matter according to claim 7, characterized in that the material to be treated is rice husk, and silica powder that can be used as a material is produced by performing the decomposition step.

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