Roof structure

Abstract

In supporting a roof with a central opening, the structure is simplified while suppressing increases in labor costs and workload. [Solution] In a roof structure for supporting a roof 1 having an opening 2 in the center, the side with the opening 2 is the higher side, and the structure includes a beam 3 that extends radially from the opening 2, an upper extension member 8 that extends in the circumferential direction of the opening 2, a lower extension member 9 that is disposed below the upper extension member 8 and extends in the circumferential direction of the opening 2, and a connecting member 10 that connects the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9, with the upper extension member 8 and the connecting member 10 rigidly joined to the beam 3.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a roof structure for supporting a roof having an opening at the center.

Background Art

[0002] In stadiums, arenas, etc., roofs having an opening at the center are provided, and various roof structures for supporting the roof in a cantilever state are employed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

[0003] In the roof structure of Patent Document 1, on the opening side (inner side) of the roof, a reinforcing ring extending in the circumferential direction of the opening and an opening frame of a truss structure having a predetermined vertical width and extending in the circumferential direction of the opening are provided. The inner frame portion of the roof is constituted by the reinforcing ring and the opening frame portion, and on the outer frame portion (outer end portion) of the roof, a reinforcing ring extending in the circumferential direction of the roof is provided.

[0004] By tensioning the main cable connected to the lower end portion of the opening frame and the outer frame portion of the roof with a tensioning device, a tensile force is introduced in advance into the reinforcing ring and the opening frame on the inner frame portion side, and a compressive force is introduced in advance into the reinforcing ring on the outer frame portion side.

[0005] Thereby, in the use state, a compressive force acts on the reinforcing ring and the opening frame on the inner frame portion side, and a tensile force acts on the reinforcing ring on the outer frame portion side. However, the tensile force and the compressive force introduced in advance into the reinforcing ring and the opening frame on the inner frame portion side and the reinforcing ring on the outer frame portion side cancel each other out, and the forces borne by the reinforcing ring and the opening frame on the inner frame portion side and the reinforcing ring on the outer frame portion side are reduced.

[0006] In the roof structure of Patent Document 2, on the opening side of the roof, a ring girder is provided in which a compression ring and a tension ring arranged vertically are connected by columns. By introducing a tension into the chord member connected to the tension ring of the ring girder and the outer side of the roof, the tension is transmitted to the roof through the columns of the ring girder or the like, and a force for pushing up the roof is applied.

Prior Art Documents

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 2878945 [Patent Document 2] Special Publication No. 08-011900 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] Patent documents 1 and 2 use tension members such as main cables and chords to support the roof in a cantilevered manner, but this requires the addition of new tension members, leading to structural complexity. Moreover, a larger tensile force is required to be introduced into the tension members beforehand, which leads to increased work time and workload.

[0009] In light of these circumstances, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a roof structure that can simplify the structure while suppressing an increase in the number of work steps and the workload when supporting a roof having an opening in the center. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The first characteristic configuration of the present invention is a roof structure for supporting a roof having an opening in the center, The side with the opening is the higher side, and a beam extends radially from the opening, An upward extension member extending in the circumferential direction of the opening, A downward extension member is provided below the upper extension member and extends in the circumferential direction of the opening, A connecting member is provided to connect the upper extension member and the lower extension member. The key feature is that the upper extension member and the connecting member are rigidly connected to the beam.

[0011] According to this configuration, an inward force acts on the upper extension member toward the inside of the opening in accordance with the roof load, so the upper extension member extending in the circumferential direction of the opening can function as a member subjected to compressive force (e.g., a compression ring). An outward force acts on the lower extension member toward the outside of the opening in accordance with the roof load, so the lower extension member extending in the circumferential direction of the opening can function as a member subjected to tensile force (e.g., a tension ring).

[0012] This allows the roof load to be effectively supported by both the compressive strength of the upper extension members, which resists compressive forces, and the tensile strength of the lower extension members, which resists tensile forces. As a result, tension members such as main cables and chords can be omitted, simplifying the structure while suppressing an increase in work time and workload, and resulting in a roof structure that can effectively support the roof load.

[0013] A second characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the opening is formed in a shape different from a perfect circle, The key feature is that the upper extension member and the lower extension member are connected by diagonal members, forming a truss structure.

[0014] In this configuration, since the opening is formed in a shape other than a perfect circle, such as an ellipse, the force does not act uniformly in the circumferential direction of the opening. For example, if a compressive force acts on one part of the opening in the circumferential direction, a tensile force may be generated in another part due to deformation caused by that compressive force, and the magnitude of these compressive and tensile forces may also differ in the circumferential direction of the opening.

[0015] Therefore, according to this configuration, by adopting a truss structure having diagonal members connected to the upper extending member and the lower extending member, a continuous truss structure in the circumferential direction of the opening can be provided. Thereby, for example, even when a compressive force acts on a certain part and a tensile force acts on another part in the circumferential direction of the opening, the compressive force and the tensile force can be received by the continuous truss structure in the circumferential direction of the opening, so that a balance relationship of forces can be generated in the circumferential direction of the opening. Moreover, as described above, when a compressive force acts on the upper extending member, a tensile force acts on the lower extending member, so that a balance relationship of forces can also be generated between the upper extending member and the lower extending member. As a result, the upper extending member and the lower extending member can efficiently share the load of the roof with each other, and a roof structure can be obtained that can effectively receive the load of the roof.

[0016] The third characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the diagonal member is disposed at a part in the circumferential direction of the opening, at a part in the circumferential direction of the opening where the diagonal member is not disposed, a ramen structure portion in which the beam is installed between columns is disposed.

[0017] According to this configuration, the diagonal member is not disposed over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction of the opening, but is disposed at a part in the circumferential direction of the opening, and a ramen structure portion is disposed at a part where the diagonal member is not disposed. By disposing the ramen structure portion, the support strength can be improved, so that the load of the roof can be supported more stably as a whole in the circumferential direction of the opening.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] [Figure 1] Perspective view showing the overall outline of the roof structure [Figure 2] Side view of the cantilever structure portion [Figure 3] Side view of the ramen structure portion

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] An embodiment of the roof structure according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. This roof structure is for supporting a roof 1 having an opening 2 in the center as shown in FIG. 1. In the roof 1, the side of the opening 2 is the higher side, and a beam (main beam) 3 that extends obliquely in the radial direction from the opening 2 is provided. The beam 3 is composed of, for example, a steel material such as H-shaped steel.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of beams 3 are provided at intervals across the entire circumference in the circumferential direction of the opening 2 in the roof 1. Various connecting members such as minor beams 33 and diagonal members for connecting the beams 3 are provided. In FIG. 1, however, some of the connecting members are omitted for easier understanding of the roof structure according to the present invention. The circumferential direction of the opening 2 is also the circumferential direction of the roof 1. Hereinafter, it will be simply abbreviated as the "circumferential direction" for explanation.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, the opening 2 is formed in a non-circular shape different from a perfect circle. The opening 2 has, for example, a first curved portion 21 with a small radius of curvature and a second curved portion 22 with a larger radius of curvature than the first curved portion 21, and is formed in an elliptical shape with the first direction X1 as the major axis and the second direction X2 as the minor axis.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 1, the beam 3 extends in the radial direction from the opening 2 side (inner side) to the outer side, but its length is not a constant length and is set to different lengths depending on the position in the circumferential direction. For example, in FIG. 1, the beam 3 disposed at the position corresponding to the first curved portion 21 on the left side of the roof 1 is set to the longest first length, the beam 3 disposed at the position corresponding to the second curved portion 22 of the roof 1 is set to the next longest second length, and the beam 3 disposed at the position corresponding to the first curved portion 21 on the right side of the roof 1 is set to the shortest third length.

[0023] As the structural framework supporting the roof 1, including the beam 3, there are two types of frameworks: a cantilevered framework 6 in which the first beam 31, as beam 3, is cantilevered by the outer perimeter columns 4, as shown in Figures 1 and 2; and a rigid frame framework 7 in which the second beam 32, as beam 3, is erected between the outer perimeter columns 4 and the inner perimeter columns 5, as shown in Figures 1 and 3. Incidentally, the first beam 31 in the cantilevered framework 6 and the second beam 32 in the rigid frame framework 7 use steel materials with different vertical widths, but the same steel material can also be used.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1, the cantilevered frame section 6 is provided in a part of the circumferential direction, and the rigid frame section 7 is provided in the parts of the circumferential direction where the cantilevered frame section 6 is not provided. In Figure 1, for example, the cantilevered frame section 6 corresponds to the first curvatured section 21 on the right side and the two second curvatured sections 22 that sandwich the first curvatured section 21 to its right, while the rigid frame section 7 corresponds to the first curvatured section 21 on the left side.

[0025] In the cantilevered frame section 6, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a cantilevered foundation section 61 is provided at a position corresponding to the outer side of the roof 1, extending circumferentially, and the outer perimeter columns 4 are supported by the cantilevered foundation section 61. The upper end of the outer perimeter columns 4 is connected to the first beam 31, and the first beam 31 is supported in a cantilevered manner by the outer perimeter columns 4.

[0026] In the rigid frame structure 7, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, a rigid frame foundation 71 is provided that extends not only in the circumferential direction but also in the radial direction (inward and outward direction) of the roof 1. Both the outer perimeter column 4, which is located on the outward side of the roof 1 in the radial direction, and the inner perimeter column 5, which is located on the inward side of the roof 1 in the radial direction, are supported by this rigid frame foundation 71. The second beam 32 is erected across the inner perimeter column 5 and the outer perimeter column 4 and is supported by both the outer perimeter column 4 and the inner perimeter column 5.

[0027] As shown in Figure 1, the roof 1 on the opening 2 side is provided with an upper extension member 8 that extends in the circumferential direction, a lower extension member 9 that is positioned below the upper extension member 8 and extends in the circumferential direction, and a connecting member 10 that connects the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9. The upper extension member 8, the lower extension member 9, and the connecting member 10 are all made of steel, such as H-shaped steel.

[0028] As shown in Figure 1, the upper extension member 8 is formed in a ring shape that extends continuously around the entire circumference. The lower extension member 9 is also formed in a ring shape that extends continuously around the entire circumference, similar to the upper extension member 8. The arrangement of the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9 can be as shown in Figures 2 and 3. For example, the lower extension member 9 can be placed directly below the upper extension member 8 at a predetermined distance from it. Alternatively, the lower extension member 9 can be placed slightly off-center from directly below the upper extension member 8, either on the inside or outside of the roof 1, or the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9 can be arranged in an oblique position. Incidentally, in Figures 2 and 3, the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9 are schematically shown with an "X" enclosed in a square.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1, the connecting member 10 is provided as a bundle that extends in the vertical direction and connects the upper extending member 8 and the lower extending member 9. Multiple connecting members 10 are provided at intervals along the entire circumference in the circumferential direction.

[0030] Regarding the connection between the beam 3, the upper extension member 8, the lower extension member 9, and the connecting member 10, the upper extension member 8 and the connecting member 10 are rigidly connected to the beam 3, and the connecting member 10 and the lower extension member 9 are rigidly connected or pinned. Incidentally, when rigidly connecting the upper extension member 8 and the connecting member 10 to the beam 3, the beam 3 and the upper extension member 8 can be rigidly connected, and the connecting member 10 can be rigidly connected to the upper extension member 8 rigidly connected to the beam 3, or the beam 3 and the connecting member 10 can be rigidly connected, and the upper extension member 8 can be rigidly connected to the connecting member 10 rigidly connected to the beam 3.

[0031] In the cantilevered frame section 6, which is arranged in a part of the circumferential direction, as shown in Figure 1, in addition to the upper extension member 8, the lower extension member 9, and the connecting member 10, a diagonal member 11 is provided to connect the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9, and the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9 are connected by the diagonal member 11 to form a truss structure 12. The diagonal member 11 is made of, for example, a brace member.

[0032] In contrast, as shown in Figure 1, the rigid frame section 7 does not have diagonal members 11, and therefore does not have a truss structure 12. For this reason, the rigid frame section 7 is installed in the areas in the circumferential direction where diagonal members 11 are not installed and the truss structure 12 is not formed.

[0033] As shown in Figure 2, the roof 1 is provided with an upper extension member 8 and a connecting member 10 rigidly connected to the beam 3 on the opening 2 side, and a lower extension member 9 rigidly or pin-connected to the connecting member 10. Therefore, an inward force acting on the upper extension member 8 toward the opening 2 (see white arrow in Figure 2) acts on it in accordance with the load of the roof 1, so that the circumferentially extending upper extension member 8 can function as a member subjected to compressive force (e.g., a compression ring). The lower extension member 9 is subjected to an outward force acting on it toward the opening 2 (see black arrow in Figure 2) due to the displacement of the upper extension member 8 and connecting member 10 rigidly connected to the beam 3 toward the opening 2 in accordance with the load of the roof 1, so that the circumferentially extending lower extension member 9 can function as a member subjected to tensile force (e.g., a tension ring).

[0034] This allows the load of the roof 1 to be effectively supported by both the effect of resisting compressive force with the compressive strength of the upper extension member 8 and the effect of resisting tensile force with the tensile strength of the lower extension member 9.

[0035] Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the opening 2 is formed in a shape other than a perfect circle, such as an ellipse, so the force does not act uniformly in the circumferential direction. For example, if a compressive force acts on one part in the circumferential direction, a tensile force may be generated in another part due to deformation associated with that compressive force, and the magnitude of these compressive and tensile forces may also differ in the circumferential direction of the opening.

[0036] Therefore, in the cantilevered frame section 6, as shown in Figure 1, by providing a truss structure 12 having diagonal members 11 connected to the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9, a continuous truss structure 12 can be provided in the circumferential direction, extending from one second curvature section 22 to the right-side first curvature section 21 and the other second curvature section 22.

[0037] As a result, even if a compressive force acts on one part in the circumferential direction and a tensile force acts on another part, the circumferentially continuous truss structure 12 can receive both the compressive and tensile forces, thus creating a force equilibrium relationship in the circumferential direction. Moreover, as shown by the white and black arrows in Figure 2, when a compressive force acts on the upper extension member 8, a tensile force acts on the lower extension member 9, so a force equilibrium relationship can also be created between the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9. As a result, the upper extension member 8 and the lower extension member 9 can efficiently share the load of the roof 1, and can effectively receive the load of the roof 1.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, instead of providing the cantilevered frame section 6 along the entire circumference, the cantilevered frame section 6 is provided only in a portion of the circumference, and the rigid frame section 7 is provided in the area where the cantilevered frame section 6 is not provided. By providing the rigid frame section 7, the support strength can be improved, and as a whole in the circumference, the load of the roof 1 can be supported more stably.

[0039] [Another embodiment] Other embodiments of the present invention will now be described. Note that the configurations of each embodiment described below are not limited to being applied individually, but can also be applied in combination with the configurations of other embodiments.

[0040] (1) In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the opening 2 was formed in an elliptical shape, but other shapes can be applied as alternative shapes to a perfect circle, not limited to an ellipse.

[0041] (2) In the above embodiment, when arranging the cantilevered frame section 6 and the rigid frame section 7, in Figure 1, the cantilevered frame section 6 is arranged in a part of the circumferential direction corresponding to the first curvatured section 21 and the second curvatured section 22 on the right side, and the rigid frame section 7 is arranged in a part of the circumferential direction corresponding to the first curvatured section 21 on the left side where the cantilevered frame section 6 is not arranged.

[0042] The arrangement is not limited to this configuration, and cantilevered sections 6 and rigid frame sections 7 can be appropriately arranged in the circumferential direction. The first curvature section 21, with its smaller radius of curvature, is considered to be more effective in exhibiting both the effect on the compressive force of the upper extension member 8 and the effect on the tensile force of the lower extension member 9 than the second curvature section 22. For example, in Figure 1, by arranging the rigid frame section 7 in the area corresponding to the second curvature section 22, where both effects are less likely to be exhibited, the support strength can be improved more effectively, and the load of the roof 1 can be supported more stably.

[0043] (3) In the above embodiment, the length of the beam 3 is set to different lengths depending on which part it is located in the circumferential direction, but the length of the beam 3 can also be set to a constant length, and the length can be changed as appropriate. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0044] 1. Roof 2 openings 3 beams 7. Ramen frame section 8 Upper side extension material 9 Lower side extension material 10 Connecting material 11 Diagonal 12 Truss structure

Claims

1. In a roof structure for supporting a roof having an opening in the center, The side with the opening is the higher side, and a beam extends radially from the opening, An upward extension member extending in the circumferential direction of the opening, A downward extension member is provided below the upper extension member and extends in the circumferential direction of the opening, A connecting member is provided to connect the upper extension member and the lower extension member. A roof structure in which the upper extension member and the connecting member are rigidly connected to the beam.

2. The aforementioned opening is formed in a shape different from a perfect circle, The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper extension member and the lower extension member are connected by diagonal members to form a truss structure.

3. The diagonal member is arranged in a part of the circumferential direction of the opening, The roof structure according to claim 2, wherein in the circumferential direction of the opening, in areas where the diagonal members are not provided, a rigid frame structure is provided in which the beams are erected between columns.

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