Methods of constructing structures, structures

Abstract

To reduce the amount of work at heights when constructing the beams around the perimeter of the first-floor slab. [Solution] A method for constructing a structure having an above-ground structure and an underground structure, wherein beams provided on the outer perimeter of the first-floor slab are connected to a retaining wall, comprising: a retaining wall construction step of constructing a retaining wall; a first excavation step of excavating at least the portion inside the retaining wall and near the retaining wall to the intermediate height of the underground structure; and a beam construction step of constructing a beam along the upper part of the retaining wall in the space excavated by the first excavation step so as to be integrated with the retaining wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for constructing a structure and a structure.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, as a method for constructing a ground structure and an underground structure in parallel, there is known a method in which the ground is excavated to construct a foundation, and while supporting a first-floor slab by columns erected on this foundation, the ground structure and the underground structure are constructed in parallel. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a construction method in which an outer peripheral beam is provided around the first-floor slab and the outer peripheral beam and the first-floor slab are joined in order to strongly support the first-floor slab in such a construction method.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in the construction method described in Patent Document 1, since the ground is excavated to the floor surface depth and then the first-floor slab is constructed, there is a problem that the work of constructing the outer peripheral beam of the first-floor slab becomes high-altitude work.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to reduce high-altitude work when constructing a beam on the outer periphery of a first-floor slab.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing a structure is provided, comprising a first-floor slab, an above-ground structure constructed on the first-floor slab, and an underground structure constructed below the first-floor slab, wherein beams provided on at least a portion of the outer perimeter of the first-floor slab are connected to a retaining wall, the method comprising: a retaining wall construction step for constructing the retaining wall; a first excavation step for excavating at least the portion inside the retaining wall near the retaining wall to the intermediate height of the underground structure; and a beam construction step for constructing a beam adjacent to the top of the retaining wall and integrated with the retaining wall within the space excavated by the first excavation step.

[0007] According to the above embodiment, since beams can be constructed on ground excavated to an intermediate height, the amount of work at height when constructing beams for the first-floor slab can be reduced.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, the method further includes a second excavation step of excavating the inside of the retaining wall down to the floor level, a column erection step of erecting columns of the underground structure in the space inside the retaining wall, and a floor slab construction step of constructing at least a portion of the first-floor slab that connects the beams and the columns of the underground structure.

[0009] According to the above embodiment, at least a portion of the first-floor slab connecting the beams and the columns of the underground structure is constructed at an early stage, so that the construction of the underground structure and the above-ground structure can be started at an early stage.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, before the floor slab construction step, connecting members made of steel beams or precast concrete members are erected to connect the beams and the columns of the underground structure, and a connecting member erection step is performed to connect the beams and the columns of the underground structure to the connecting members.

[0011] According to the above embodiment, since the columns and beams are connected in advance by connecting members made of steel beams, the retaining wall and the underground structure can be easily connected even if there is a large gap between the retaining wall and the columns of the underground structure.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, the invention further includes a step of forming an earth pressure wall along a retaining wall below a beam.

[0013] According to the above embodiment, the surrounding ground can be firmly supported.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the process further includes a ground-level structure construction step for constructing a ground-level structure on a first-floor slab and a ground-level structure construction step for constructing a ground-level structure, wherein the ground-level structure construction step and the ground-level structure construction step are performed in parallel.

[0015] According to the above embodiment, the structure can be constructed more quickly by carrying out the above-ground structure construction step and the underground structure construction step in parallel.

[0016] According to one aspect of the present invention, a structure is provided having a first-floor slab, an above-ground structure constructed on the first-floor slab, and an underground structure constructed below the first-floor slab, wherein beams are provided on at least a portion of the outer perimeter of the first-floor slab, the beams are integrated with the retaining wall, and the structure further has an earth pressure wall provided adjacent to the retaining wall. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, the amount of work required at heights can be reduced when constructing the beams around the perimeter of the first-floor slab. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0018] [Figure 1] This figure shows a structure constructed by a method for constructing a structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view of section A in Figure 1, shown in enlarged detail. [Figure 3] This is a flowchart showing how to construct a structure. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view showing the SMW and piles in place. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view showing the state after the first excavation step has been performed. [Figure 6] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where studs are connected to the core material. [Figure 7] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the leading beam is constructed. [Figure 8] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the second excavation step is performed. [Figure 9] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the pile and the pressure-resistant plate are constructed. [Figure 10] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the column is erected on the pressure-resistant plate. [Figure 11] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the steel frame beam is built in. [Figure 12] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the first-floor slab is constructed. [Figure 13] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the lower bearing wall and the lower earth pressure wall are constructed. [Figure 14] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the one-way cut beam is disassembled. [Figure 15] It is a cross-sectional view showing the state where the upper bearing wall and the upper earth pressure wall are constructed.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Hereinafter, a method for constructing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described while referring to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure constructed by a method for constructing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the structure 1 is a building frame, and includes a first-floor slab 10, a superstructure 20 constructed on the first-floor slab 10, and a substructure 30 constructed below the first-floor slab 10. The superstructure 20 and the substructure 30 are, for example, composed of a steel frame column-beam structure. The substructure 30 is constructed on a pressure-resistant plate 40, and piles 41 are connected to the lower part of the pressure-resistant plate 40.

[0020] Furthermore, SMW50 is constructed around the underground structure 30. Pre-beams 60 are constructed around the outer perimeter of the first-floor slab 10, and these pre-beams 60 are integrated with the SMW50. Below the pre-beams 60, adjacent to the SMW50, earth pressure walls 70 are constructed, and these earth pressure walls 70 are connected to the underground structure 30 via load-bearing walls 80. Note that the pre-beams 60 do not necessarily need to be provided around the entire perimeter of the first-floor slab 10; they may be provided only in a portion of it.

[0021] Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an enlarged view of section A in Figure 1. Note that the reinforcing bars in Figure 2 are only partially shown schematically and include reinforcing bars that are not shown. As shown in Figure 2, studs 33 are welded to the inner surface of the upper part of the core material 51 of the SMW 50. The leading beam 60 is constructed to extend horizontally adjacent to the upper part of the SMW 50. The leading beam 60 is constructed by embedding beam reinforcement 61 (main reinforcement, stirrups, etc.) within the concrete structure. The leading beam 60 is integrated with the SMW 50 by embedding the studs 33 in the concrete. In addition, anchors 62 are installed on the inner surface of the leading beam 60. Steel beams 82 that constitute the first-floor slab 10 are connected to the anchors 62. Furthermore, an earth pressure wall 90 is constructed below the leading beam 60. The earth pressure wall 90 has wall reinforcement 95 (vertical reinforcement, horizontal reinforcement, etc.) embedded in the concrete, and the upper part of the wall reinforcement 95 reaches into the pre-existing beam 60. The construction of the pre-existing beam 60 connected to the SMW 50 allows for the support of the steel beam 82 and the first-floor slab 10.

[0022] The following describes how to construct Structure 1. Figure 3 is a flowchart showing how to construct the structure. To construct structure 1, first, as shown in Figure 4, SMW 50 is constructed along the outer perimeter of structure 1 (earth retaining wall construction step S10). H-shaped steel beams 51, which serve as core materials, are embedded vertically in the SMW 50 at predetermined intervals. In this embodiment, the case in which SMW 50 is used as the earth retaining wall is described, but the earth retaining wall of the present invention is not limited to this, and can also be applied to main piles, lagging piles, etc. The core material is not limited to H-shaped steel beams, but can be any steel material. Furthermore, piles are constructed before, after, or in parallel with the earth retaining wall construction step S10 (pile construction step S15). The method of constructing the piles 41 is not particularly limited. For example, the ground may be excavated with an auger, a reinforcing cage may be inserted and concrete may be filled, or the pile body may be inserted.

[0023] Next, as shown in Figure 5, the ground 100 inside the SMW50 is excavated to an intermediate depth of the underground structure (first excavation step S20). The intermediate depth of the underground structure is a position higher than the floor level, and should be a depth that allows for the construction of the lead beam 60. For example, the excavation is performed to a depth of about 10 cm to 1 m below the bottom surface of the lead beam 60. In other words, the excavation is performed to a depth of about 50 cm to 2 m above the ground level (GL). At this time, the inner surface of the upper part of the SMW50 is excavated to expose the core material. In this embodiment, the entire ground 100 inside the SMW50 is excavated in the first excavation step, but it is not limited to this, and it is sufficient to excavate at least the portion corresponding to the lead beam 60. By excavating to a depth of about 10 cm to 1 m below the bottom surface of the lead beam 60, the worker can perform the construction work of the lead beam 60, which will be described later, while standing on the excavated ground.

[0024] Next, as shown in Figure 6, the studs 33 are welded to the core material of the SMW50. It is preferable to use headed studs for the studs 33.

[0025] Next, as shown in Figure 7, reinforcing bars 61 are placed in the area corresponding to the pre-beam 60, and formwork is placed at the bottom and inner surfaces of the pre-beam 60. The upper part of the wall reinforcement constituting the earth pressure wall 90 is also placed within the formwork. Then, concrete is poured into the formwork. As this poured concrete hardens, the pre-beam 60 can be constructed adjacent to the top of the retaining wall (beam construction step S30). At this time, the studs 33 attached to the surface of the SMW 50 are embedded in the concrete constituting the pre-beam 60, and the SMW 50 and the pre-beam 60 become one unit.

[0026] Next, as shown in Figure 8, the ground 100 within SMW50 is excavated to the depth of the subfloor (second excavation step S40). In addition, single-stage bracing 110 and double-stage bracing 120 are installed as the excavation progresses.

[0027] Next, as shown in Figure 9, the pressure-resistant slab 40 is constructed so as to be integrated with the piles 41. At this time, the foundation around the piles 41 is constructed together with the pressure-resistant slab. Once the pressure-resistant slab has hardened, the two-tiered bracing 120 is dismantled.

[0028] Next, as shown in Figure 10, the columns 31 that make up the underground structure 30 are erected on the pressure-resistant slab 40 (column erection step S50). The columns 31 erected here do not have to be all the columns that make up the underground structure 30; at least one of the columns that make up the underground structure 30 is sufficient. If the columns 31 are made of, for example, steel or precast concrete, the erection of the columns 31 can be carried out quickly. In addition, beams 32 are erected together with the columns 31. The beams 32 may be erected together with the columns 31.

[0029] Next, as shown in Figure 11, the steel beam 82 is lifted between the lead beam 60 and the column 31, and the steel beam 82 is erected as a connecting part that connects each end of the steel beam 82 to the lead beam 60 and the column 31 (connecting member erection step S60). The connection between the steel beam 82 and the lead beam 60 can be made, for example, by driving anchor bolts into the lead beam and welding the steel beam 82 to these anchor bolts. The connection between the steel beam 82 and the column 31 can be made by attaching a gusset plate to the column if the column is made of steel and connecting to this gusset plate, or by driving anchor bolts into the column and welding them together if the column is made of precast concrete. In this embodiment, a steel beam 82 is used as the connecting part, but a precast concrete member or a reinforced concrete member may also be used.

[0030] Next, as shown in Figure 12, the deck plate is installed with support from the steel beam 82, the floor reinforcement for the first-floor slab 10 is carried out, and concrete is poured to construct the first-floor slab 10 so that it is integrated with the steel beam 82 (floor slab construction step S70).

[0031] Next, as shown in Figure 13, a reinforced concrete lower earth pressure wall 90 is constructed along the lower part of the SMW50 (earth pressure wall formation step), and a reinforced concrete lower shear wall 91 is constructed between the lower earth pressure wall 90 and the column 31 (shear wall formation step). As a result, the ground can be supported at the lower height, and the single-stage bracing 110 is dismantled as shown in Figure 14.

[0032] Next, as shown in Figure 15, a reinforced concrete upper earth pressure wall 92 is constructed along the top of the SMW50, and a reinforced concrete upper shear wall 93 is constructed between the earth pressure wall and the column 31. When constructing the upper earth pressure wall 92, the wall reinforcement that makes up the upper earth pressure wall 92 is further joined to the wall reinforcement 95 embedded in the preceding beam 60. The lower earth pressure wall 90 and the upper earth pressure wall 92 become one to form an earth pressure wall 70, and the lower shear wall 91 and the upper shear wall 93 become one to form a shear wall 80. As a result, the first-floor slab is supported by the columns, and the surrounding ground is supported by the earth pressure wall 70 and the shear wall 80.

[0033] In this manner, the construction work of the underground structure 30, including the earth pressure wall formation step and the shear wall formation step, is carried out (underground structure construction step S80), while the construction work of the above-ground structure 20 on the first-floor slab 10 (above-ground structure construction step S90) is carried out in parallel. The construction of structure 1 is completed through the above process.

[0034] According to this embodiment, the following effects are achieved. The method of this embodiment includes a retaining wall construction step S10 for constructing the SMW50, a first excavation step S20 for excavating the inside of the SMW50 to an intermediate height of the underground structure 30, and a beam construction step S30 for constructing a pre-beam 60 along the top of the SMW50 in the space excavated by the first excavation step S20 so as to be integrated with the SMW50. As a result, the pre-beam 60 can be constructed on the ground excavated to an intermediate height, thereby reducing the amount of work at height when constructing the pre-beam 60 for the first-floor slab and improving safety. In addition, since shoring and aerial work platforms are not required, costs can be reduced and construction efficiency can be improved.

[0035] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the method further includes a second excavation step S40 for excavating the inside of the SMW50 down to the floor level, a column erection step S50 for erecting the columns 31 of the underground structure in the space inside the SMW50, and a floor slab construction step S70 for constructing at least a portion of the first-floor floor slab 10 that connects the leading beam 60 and the columns 31 of the underground structure 30. As a result, at least a portion of the first-floor floor slab 10 that connects the leading beam 60 and the columns 31 of the underground structure 30 is constructed at an early stage, so that the construction of the underground structure 30 and the above-ground structure 20 can be started at an early stage.

[0036] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, before the floor slab construction step S70, a steel beam 82 is erected to connect the lead beam 60 and the columns 31 of the underground structure 30, and a connecting member installation step S60 is performed to connect the lead beam 60 and the columns 31 of the underground structure 30 to the steel beam 82. As a result, the columns 31 of the underground structure 30 and the lead beam 60 are connected in advance by the steel beam 82, so that even if there is a large gap between the SMW 50 and the columns 31 of the underground structure 30, the SMW 50 and the underground structure 30 can be easily connected.

[0037] Furthermore, this embodiment further includes an earth wall forming step S80 in which an earth wall 70 is formed along the SMW50 below the leading beam 60. This allows for firm support of the surrounding ground.

[0038] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the process also includes a ground-level structure construction step S90 for constructing the ground-level structure 20 on the first-floor slab 10, and a ground-level structure construction step S80 for constructing the ground-level structure 30, with the ground-level structure construction step S90 and the ground-level structure construction step S80 being carried out in parallel. By carrying out the ground-level structure construction step S90 and the ground-level structure construction step S80 in parallel in this way, the structure 1 can be constructed more quickly. [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] 1 :Structure 10: 1st floor floor slab 20: Above-ground structure 30: Underground structure 31: Pillar 32: Beam 33: Stud 40: Pressure-resistant plate 41:Pile 50: SMW 51:H type steel 60: Leading beam 61: Reinforcement bars 62: Anchor 70: Earth pressure wall 80: Load-bearing wall 82: Steel beam 90: Lower earth retention wall 91: Lower load-bearing wall 92:Upper soil pressure wall 93: Upper Endurance Wall 95: Wall reinforcement 100: Territory 110: A section of cut beam 120: Two-section cut beam

Claims

1. A method for constructing a structure comprising a first-floor slab, an above-ground structure constructed on the first-floor slab, and an underground structure constructed below the first-floor slab, wherein beams provided on at least a portion of the outer perimeter of the first-floor slab are connected to a retaining wall, The steps for constructing a retaining wall, A first excavation step involves excavating at least the portion inside the retaining wall, near the retaining wall, to the intermediate height of the underground structure. A beam construction step involves constructing the beam adjacent to the upper part of the retaining wall and integrated with the retaining wall within the space excavated by the first excavation step, A method for constructing a structure, including [specific elements].

2. moreover, A second excavation step involves excavating the inside of the retaining wall down to the floor level, A column erection step for erecting the columns of the underground structure in the space inside the retaining wall, A floor slab construction step for constructing at least a portion of the first-floor floor slab that connects the beam and the column of the underground structure, A method for constructing the structure according to claim 1, including the method described in claim 1.

3. Before the floor slab construction step A connecting member made of a steel beam is erected to connect the beam and the column of the underground structure, and a connecting member erection step is performed to connect the beam and the column of the underground structure to the connecting member. A method for constructing the structure described in claim 2.

4. The further step includes forming an earth pressure wall below the beam along the retaining wall, A method for constructing the structure described in claim 2.

5. Furthermore, the above-ground structure construction step involves constructing the above-ground structure on the first-floor slab, This includes a step of constructing the underground structure, The above-ground structure construction step and the underground structure construction step are carried out in parallel. A method for constructing the structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4.

6. A structure having a first-floor slab, an above-ground structure constructed on the first-floor slab, and an underground structure constructed below the first-floor slab, A beam is provided on at least a portion of the outer perimeter of the first-floor slab, and the beam is integrated with the retaining wall. Furthermore, it has an earth pressure wall provided adjacent to the aforementioned retaining wall, structure.

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