Joining member

Abstract

To provide a joining member that strengthens the joint between two structural members and enables the rapid and simple formation of a stable frame structure that can be repeatedly deformed. [Solution] The connecting member is supported by a foundation 51 provided on the structure and comprises an anchor portion 1 which is a rod-shaped member, a fixing portion 2 which is a structural material different from the foundation 51 and is installed on a column 53 provided on the structure, a connecting base portion 5 formed on the anchor portion 1, a support portion 4 which is provided protruding from the fixing portion 2, and a connecting portion 3 which is provided extending in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 and is connected to the connecting base portion 5 and the support portion 4. The movement of one connecting portion 3 is constrained by one connecting base portion 5 or support portion 4 in two opposite directions parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1, and the movement of one connecting portion 3 is constrained by one connecting base portion 5 or support portion 4, and the movement of one connecting portion 3 is constrained by the force acting on the part whose movement is not constrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a joining member.

Background Art

[0002] Although the collapse mechanism of wooden structures is being elucidated through past research and seismic hazard analysis, as the risk of occurrence of direct hit earthquakes in the capital area and Nankai Trough earthquakes increases, further improvement of the seismic resistance of wooden structures is strongly demanded. There are reports that about 30% of wooden houses with the old seismic standards (before 1981) collapsed in the Kumamoto earthquake, and about 19% collapsed in the Noto Peninsula earthquake.

[0003] Wooden structures constructed by traditional frame construction methods and framed wall construction methods (hereinafter referred to as "conventional structures") are designed to resist seismic forces using cross braces and structural plywood. Even in actual earthquakes, since cross braces and structural plywood behave so as to resist seismic forces, when they receive seismic forces above a certain level, the cross braces and structural plywood are damaged and lose their resistance. As a result, the wooden structure becomes in a state close to a structure composed substantially only of columns and beams. Conventional hold-down hardware and simpler L-shaped or I-shaped plate hardware (hereinafter referred to as "plate hardware") than hold-down hardware are designed as joining members that resist pull-out forces. Therefore, hold-down hardware and plate hardware can hardly resist the deformation of the structure in the direction in which a compressive force in the opposite direction to the pull-out force acts on themselves. As a result, excessive deformation occurs in the structure and finally the axial force cannot be supported, leading to collapse.

[0004] In the seismic design of conventional structures, by setting about half of the maximum bearing capacity of each structure having cross braces and structural plywood as the allowable bearing capacity of that structure, a large safety factor is expected. However, recent seismic motions exceed the assumptions in seismic calculations, and collapse cases have also been reported. Therefore, in wooden structures, even when cross braces and structural plywood are damaged by an earthquake or the like and lose their resistance, and the structure shifts to a state close to a structure composed substantially only of columns and beams, a joining material that maintains the horizontal rigidity of the structure at a certain level or more and realizes a stable structure capable of repeated deformation is required.

[0005] In addition to conventional structures, timber structures include rigid frame structures (hereinafter referred to as "timber rigid frame structures") in which beams and columns are rigidly connected. With timber rigid frame structures, seismic resistance equivalent to or better than conventional structures can be achieved with less face material. Furthermore, there is an aesthetic advantage in that a large, bright, and open space without walls can be formed with a high degree of freedom. In timber rigid frame structures, connecting hardware is used to make the joints between the beams and columns, which are made of wood, rigid. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for constructing a timber rigid frame structure using connecting hardware.

[0006] Unlike timber frame structures, in conventional structures, the tensile force acting on columns and beams is calculated individually, and the connecting hardware is selected according to the calculated tensile force. Generally, if the calculated tensile force is 15kN or more, hold-down hardware is used. Hold-down hardware consists of a metal body having a plate that is installed on the column or beam and a projection that protrudes outward from the plate. The metal body is attached to the column or beam by the plate, and an anchor bolt fixed to the foundation, column, or beam is inserted through the projection. A nut is screwed onto the anchor bolt above the projection, and when deformation occurs in the frame formed by the structural members, the upper surface of the projection comes into contact with the nut integrated with the anchor bolt, thereby resisting the tensile force acting on the column or beam. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2017-133209 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2005-248529 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2014-55452 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] The connecting hardware used in timber frame structures, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, is attached to the columns by bolts or screws, and a metal plate protruding outward from the column is embedded in the beam and connected by a pin. In timber frame structures, when tensile or compressive force is generated at the joint, stress concentrates in the timber supporting the pin, causing the pin to sink into the timber, with the sinking of the timber preceding the deformation of the pin. Ultimately, the pin destroys the timber, resulting in brittle failure of the timber structure's framework. Furthermore, in timber frame structures, specialized connecting hardware must be precisely attached to the columns and beams. Therefore, the beams and columns, which are made of timber, are usually pre-cut, and the connecting hardware is also attached to the beams and columns at the factory. Moreover, because special processing is required, there are not many pre-cutting factories that can handle the production of columns and beams for timber frame structures, which contributes to increased costs.

[0009] Furthermore, since beams and columns are transported with the connecting hardware already attached at the factory, the metal plates of the connecting hardware must be protected to prevent damage to the beams, columns, and connecting hardware. As a result, beams and columns of timber frame structures processed at the factory have a larger volume compared to beams and columns without connecting hardware, reducing the amount that can be transported and lowering the transport efficiency. In addition, because wood is easily deformed by temperature and humidity, it is difficult to assemble it at the construction site according to the pre-formed notches and holes for the connecting hardware, making construction difficult and construction costs tend to be higher. For these reasons, timber frame structures have a lower adoption rate compared to conventional structures.

[0010] As mentioned above, hold-down hardware is applied to conventional structures that have bracing, structural plywood, dampers, etc. Hold-down hardware is a fitting that resists tensile forces acting on columns and beams. Therefore, hold-down hardware usually has a configuration in which the nut contacts the projection only on the upper surface of the projection on the hardware body. As a result, if hold-down hardware is installed at a joint between a column and a beam that does not have bracing, structural plywood, dampers, etc., when an external force such as an earthquake is applied and deformation occurs in the frame, the hold-down hardware can resist deformation of the frame in the direction in which tensile force acts on it, but it cannot resist deformation of the frame in the direction in which compressive force acts on it. Here, we have described an example in which the lower end of the anchor bolt is fixed to the foundation of the structural member, the anchor bolt extends upward, and the upper end is connected to the hold-down hardware.

[0011] Plate connectors can resist deformation of the frame when external forces such as earthquakes are applied and deformation occurs in the frame, in the direction in which tensile force is generated on the plate connectors. On the other hand, plate connectors cannot resist deformation of the frame in the direction in which compressive force is applied on the plate connectors, because the plate connectors will either sink into the foundation or beams, or the connectors will bend and yield prematurely.

[0012] As shown in Patent Document 2, unlike ordinary hold-down hardware, if an additional nut is installed so that the nut screwed onto the anchor bolt also contacts the underside of the projection on the hardware body, it can resist deformation of the frame in the direction in which compressive force acts on the hold-down hardware. However, when compressive force acts on the hold-down hardware, the nut on the underside pushes up the underside of the projection, causing bending deformation and plastic deformation of the hardware body at the point of fixation with the column. If the frame deforms in the direction in which tensile force acts on the hold-down hardware after plastic deformation, the longitudinal end of the hardware body deforms towards the center of the column, and the hardware body sinks into the column, which is made of wood, causing the column to break. If the frame deforms in the direction in which compressive force acts on the hold-down hardware after plastic deformation, the longitudinal end of the hardware body deforms towards the anchor bolt. At this time, a rotational moment is generated at the top of the anchor bolt, increasing the deformation of the anchor bolt, and simultaneously increasing the deformation of the frame, which is a problem.

[0013] Furthermore, as described in Patent Document 2, by positioning the nut to contact the underside of the projection on the metal fitting body, the hold-down fitting can also bear compressive forces. However, the joints between the upper and lower nuts and the anchor bolt become rigid joints with no deformability. As a result, stress concentrates at the fixing point between the metal fitting body and the column, which may cause the wooden column to break. Also, when compressive force is actually applied to the anchor bolt, the lower nut is pressed by the projection on the metal fitting body, which may cause the anchor bolt to buckle. If the anchor bolt buckles due to an earthquake, it will no longer function as a hold-down fitting after the earthquake, which may impair the continued use of the structure.

[0014] In Patent Document 3, to prevent the buckling of the anchor bolts mentioned above, a sleeve is provided to surround the anchor bolt used as the core material, forming an unbonded brace. In this case, buckling of the anchor bolts can be prevented, but similar to Patent Document 2, the joint between both nuts and the anchor bolt becomes a rigid joint with no deformation capacity, so stress concentrates at the fixing point between the metal fitting body and the column, and there is a risk that the column, which is made of wood, may break. In addition, special parts different from widely used anchor bolts are required, which presents problems in terms of the time and effort required for procuring the parts and for installation work.

[0015] Furthermore, in Patent Documents 2 and 3, nuts are fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the projection of the hold-down hardware, respectively. When actually assembling this configuration, it is necessary to first rotate the nut on the lower surface to near the predetermined position, then install the hardware body, tighten the nut on the upper surface, and finally fully tighten the nut on the lower surface. Compared to general hold-down hardware, this adds at least two steps, doubling the number of steps. Moreover, since the nut on the lower surface cannot be fastened with power tools, the construction efficiency is further reduced. In addition, if one of the nuts is overtightened, an excessive constant load is applied in the direction that loosens the other nut, so torque management is necessary to ensure a certain level of quality during on-site work, which significantly reduces construction efficiency.

[0016] In both conventional hold-down hardware and the hold-down hardware described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, when the hold-down hardware is installed in a rigid frame structure without bracing, structural plywood, or dampers, the column's orientation changes depending on how tightly the nuts are tightened, making it difficult to erect the column vertically. This is because the axial direction of the anchor bolt is vertical, just like the column, and the tightening direction of the nut is also vertical. Even if temporary bracing is installed to determine the orientation, the nuts must be tightened by hand to prevent the orientation from changing. As a result, torque control is not possible during construction, which not only causes variations in quality but also risks leading to a decline in quality as the nuts loosen over time.

[0017] The present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and aims to provide a joining member that can quickly and easily form a structure having a stable frame that can be repeatedly deformed and that strengthens the joint between two structural members. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] The joining member according to the present invention is supported by a first structural member provided in a structure and comprises an anchor portion which is a rod-shaped member, a fixing portion which is a structural member different from the first structural member and is installed on a second structural member provided in the structure, a connecting base portion formed on the anchor portion, a support portion which is provided protruding from the fixing portion, and a connecting portion which is provided extending in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the anchor portion and is connected to the connecting base portion and the support portion, wherein the movement of one of the connecting portions is constrained by one of the connecting base portions or the support portion in two opposite directions parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion, and the connecting portion is repeatedly deformable by a force acting on the portion whose movement is not constrained.

[0019] In this configuration, the rod-shaped anchor portion is supported by a first structural member provided in the structure, and the fixing portion is installed on a second structural member, which is a different structural member from the first structural member and is also provided in the structure. The connecting base portion is formed in the anchor portion, and the support portion is provided protruding from the fixing portion. The connecting portion is provided extending in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the anchor portion and is connected to the connecting base portion and the support portion. As a result, the connecting base portion formed in the anchor portion is connected to the support portion provided in the fixing portion via the connecting portion.

[0020] Furthermore, one connecting portion is constrained by one connecting base or support portion to move relative to that base or support portion in two opposite directions parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion. As a result, one connecting portion can resist both tensile and compressive forces acting on the anchor portion, so the anchor portion can bear not only tensile forces but also compressive forces.

[0021] Furthermore, since the connecting portion can be repeatedly deformed while maintaining a predetermined rigidity by the force acting on the unconstrained portion, the deformation performance of the connection portion between the first structural member and the second structural member on the anchor portion side is improved and stabilized.

[0022] In the above invention, the bending yield load or shear yield load of the connecting portion may be smaller than the buckling load of the anchor portion.

[0023] Thus, when the connecting portion undergoes bending deformation, when a compressive force acts on the anchor portion, before buckling occurs in the anchor portion, the connecting portion yields in bending first. Or, when the bending deformation of the connecting portion is restricted by the connecting base portion, when a compressive force acts on the anchor portion, before buckling occurs in the anchor portion, the connecting portion yields in shear first. Therefore, damage or brittle fracture of the anchor portion due to buckling can be avoided, and the connecting portion maintains substantially constant rigidity within the elastic range and exhibits stable behavior under repeated loads until it yields in bending or shear. The connecting portion increases the repeated deformation amount by plastic deformation for loads above the bending yield load or shear yield load, so that the increase in load becomes gentle and almost levels off. Therefore, the connecting portion can absorb more energy than before yielding. Thus, it contributes to the improvement and stabilization of the deformation performance of the connection portion between the first structural member and the second structural member.

[0024] In the above invention, when the bending yield load or shear yield load acts on the connecting portion, the fixing portion may be configured not to undergo bending yield.

[0025] As a result, even if a bending yield load or a shear yield load acts on the connecting portion, at this time, no plastic deformation due to bending yield occurs in the fixing portion. If the fixing portion receives a load greater than the bending yield load, the fixing portion is plasticized, and the bendable portion of the fixing portion is bent in a direction away from the second structural member, or the bendable portion of the fixing portion is bent toward the second structural member side (hereinafter collectively referred to as a "V-shaped"). There is a risk of destroying the second structural member. On the other hand, since the fixing portion is maintained in the shape when installed on the second structural member without plastic deformation (for example, since the installation surface of the fixing portion remains parallel to the surface of the second structural member), the destruction of the second structural member can be prevented. Note that when a bending yield load or a shear yield load acts on the connecting portion, the configuration in which the fixing portion does not cause bending yield includes (1) the installation position of the support portion in the fixing portion is set to the middle portion in the length direction of the fixing portion, and the fixing portion is fixed to the second structural member above and below the support portion, or (2) the stress generated in the fixing portion at the yield load of the connecting portion is set to be lower than the bending yield load of the fixing portion.

Effect of the Invention

[0026] According to the present invention, it is possible to quickly and easily form a structure having a strong joint portion between two structural members and a stable structure capable of repeated deformation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view showing a joining metal fitting according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a front view showing a joining metal fitting according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a side view showing a joining metal fitting according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] It is a cross-sectional view showing a joining metal fitting according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken in the direction of arrow A-A in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] It is a perspective view showing a connecting base portion of a joining metal fitting according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6]This is a perspective view showing the fixing portion and support portion of a connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This is a perspective view showing a modified example of the fixing portion and support portion of the connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] This is a perspective view showing other modifications of the fixing portion and support portion of the connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This is an explanatory diagram showing a connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention, with the connecting base shown in a longitudinal cross-sectional view. [Figure 10] This is an explanatory diagram showing a connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention, with the connecting base shown in a longitudinal cross-sectional view. [Figure 11] This is a perspective view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] This is a perspective view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] This is a perspective view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] This is a perspective view showing a connecting hardware according to a first modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] This is a side view showing the first modified example shown in Figure 14. [Figure 16] This is a perspective view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to a first modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] This is a perspective view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to a first modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18] This is a perspective view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to a first modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] This is a perspective view showing a first aspect of a connecting hardware according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] This is a side view showing the first embodiment as shown in Figure 19. [Figure 21] This is a perspective view showing a second aspect of a connecting hardware according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 22]This is a side view showing a first aspect of a connecting hardware according to a third modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 23] This is a front view showing the first embodiment as shown in Figure 22. [Figure 24] This is a side view showing a first aspect of a connecting hardware according to a third modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 25] This is a front view showing the second embodiment shown in Figure 24. [Figure 26] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a connecting hardware according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along the line CC in Figure 27. [Figure 27] This is a front view showing a connecting hardware according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 28] This is a cross-sectional view showing a connecting hardware according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along the line BB in Figure 26. [Figure 29] This is a side view showing a connecting hardware according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 30] This is a front view showing a connecting hardware according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 31] This is a cross-sectional view showing a connecting hardware according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along the line DD in Figure 29. [Figure 32] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a first modified example of the connecting hardware according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along the FF line in Figure 33. [Figure 33] This is a front view showing the first modified example shown in Figure 32. [Figure 34] This is a cross-sectional view showing the first modified example shown in Figure 32, and is a view taken along the line EE in Figure 32. [Figure 35] This is a side view showing a connecting hardware according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 36] This is a front view showing a connecting hardware according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 37] This is a cross-sectional view showing a connecting hardware according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along the line GG in Figure 35. [Figure 38] This is a side view showing a modified example of the connecting hardware according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 39] This is a front view showing a modified example of the connecting hardware according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 40] This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the connecting hardware according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along the line HH in Figure 38. [Figure 41] This is a side view showing a connecting hardware according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 42] Figures 42(A) to (C) are a plan view, front view, and side view showing the fixing portion, connecting portion, and support portion of the joint fitting according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 42(D) and (E) are a front view and side view showing the anchor portion and connecting base portion of the joint fitting according to the same embodiment. [Figure 43] This is a side view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 44] This is a side view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 45] This is a side view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 46] This is a side view showing a connecting hardware according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 47] This is a front view showing the sixth embodiment, as shown in Figure 46. [Figure 48] Figures 48(A) to (C) are a plan view, front view, and side view showing the fixing portion, connecting portion, and support portion of the joint fitting according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 48(D) and (E) are a front view and side view showing the anchor portion and connecting base portion of the joint fitting according to the same embodiment. [Figure 49] This is a side view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 50] This is a side view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 51] This is a side view showing the installation process of a connecting hardware according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 52] Figure 51 is a front view showing the installation process of the connecting hardware. [Figure 53]This is a front view showing a connecting hardware according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 54] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a connecting hardware according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along line II in Figure 53. [Figure 55] This is an explanatory diagram showing a frame structure to which the connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and is an example of the connecting hardware being applied to a rigid frame structure. [Figure 56] This is an explanatory diagram showing a frame to which the connecting hardware according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and is an example in which bracing or structural plywood is arranged in the frame. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] [First Embodiment] A connecting hardware 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 6. The connecting hardware 10 is a member used to connect structural members of a structure. For example, the connecting hardware 10 connects a first structural member (column, wall, rafter) that is installed vertically or diagonally in the structure to a second structural member (foundation, base, beam, girder, horizontal member) that is installed horizontally in the structure.

[0029] The following describes the case in which the connecting hardware 10 is applied to the joint between a sill plate 52, which is installed horizontally on the foundation 51, and a column 53, which is installed perpendicular to the sill plate 52. The sill plate 52 and the column 53 are made of wood. Note that the application of the connecting hardware 10 is not limited to this example. For example, the connecting hardware 10 can also be applied to the joint between a beam installed horizontally and a column located above or below the beam.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the connecting hardware 10 comprises an anchor portion 1, a fixing portion 2, a connecting portion 3, a support portion 4, and a connecting base portion 5. Unlike conventional hold-down hardware, the connecting hardware 10 has a configuration in which both negative and positive forces act at a single connecting portion 3, and the anchor portion 1 can bear not only tensile force but also compressive force. Here, when the vertically upward direction is considered positive, the negative force is a force in the vertically downward direction, and the positive force is a force in the vertically upward direction.

[0031] The anchor portion 1 is a rod-shaped member, such as an anchor bolt. The anchor portion 1 passes through a through hole in the base 52 and is supported by the foundation 51 by fixing its lower end to the foundation 51. The anchor portion 1 is installed on the outside of the column 53, parallel to the axial direction of the column 53. A male thread is formed on the outer circumference of the anchor portion 1, and the male thread can be screwed into the female thread formed on the connection portion 7 of the connecting base 5 shown in Figure 5.

[0032] The fixing part 2 is, for example, a plate-shaped member and is connected to the column 53 of the structure. At this time, the installation surface of the fixing part 2 is parallel to the surface of the column 53. As shown in Figure 6, screw holes 11 are formed in the fixing part 2, and the fixing part 2 is connected to the column 53 by screws 12, for example, as shown in Figures 1 to 3. Force is transmitted between the fixing part 2 and the column 53. A support part 4 is integrally provided with the fixing part 2.

[0033] As shown in Figures 9, 10, and 13, the connecting portion 3 is, for example, a pin-shaped member, and the axial direction of the connecting portion 3 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1. The connecting portion 3 is inserted through the through hole 6 of the support portion 4 and the through hole 8 of the connecting base portion 5, and is supported by both the support portion 4 and the connecting base portion 5.

[0034] The connecting portion 3 is, for example, a bolt with a bolt head and male threads, and a nut can be fastened to it. Thus, after the connecting portion 3 is inserted through the through holes 6 and 8, the nut is fastened, connecting the connecting portion 3 to the support portion 4 and fixing them together. Note that the configuration for fixing the connecting portion 3 to the support portion 4 is not limited to the example of a bolt and nut combination; ordinary techniques for fixing pin-shaped members can be applied. Furthermore, fixing the connecting portion 3 to the support portion 4 is not essential as long as it can be prevented from falling off the support portion 4. As in the fourth embodiment described below, there are cases where the connecting portion 3 is not fixed to the support portion 4.

[0035] The support section 4 is provided integrally with the fixing section 2. As shown in Figure 6, the support section 4 has at least two support plates 14 facing each other, and may also have one intermediate plate 15 connected between these two support plates 14. The support plates 14 are installed on the fixing section 2 such that their surfaces are perpendicular to the surfaces of the fixing section 2. The intermediate plate 15 is connected to the support plates 14 at both ends. The surface of the intermediate plate 15 is perpendicular to the surfaces of the fixing section 2. As shown in Figure 7, in the support section 4, the intermediate plate 15 is connected between the two support plates 14, and the surface of the intermediate plate 15 may be parallel to the surfaces of the fixing section 2. Also, as shown in Figure 8, the intermediate plate does not have to be installed between the two support plates 14 in the support section 4.

[0036] The support portion 4 is provided in the middle of the length of the fixing portion 2. The inner dimensions of the two support plates 14 of the support portion 4 are larger than the width of the connecting base portion 5, and the connecting base portion 5 can be accommodated inside.

[0037] Each of the two support plates 14 of the support section 4 has a through hole 6 formed therein. The connecting section 3 can be inserted into the inside of the through hole 6. The axial direction of the through hole 6 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor section 1 when the connecting hardware 10 is installed.

[0038] The support portion 4 protrudes from the fixing portion 2, and when the fixing portion 2 is installed on the column 53, the support portion 4 protrudes outward from the surface of the column 53. As a result, the support portion 4 is connected via the connecting portion 3 to the connecting base portion 5 installed on the anchor portion 1 located on the outside of the column 53.

[0039] The connecting base 5 is provided at the tip of the anchor portion 1 and supports the connecting portion 3. As shown in Figure 5, the connecting base 5 is a columnar member such as a rectangular prism or a cylindrical column, and has a connecting portion 7 and a through hole 8.

[0040] The connecting portion 7 is connected to the anchor portion 1. The connecting portion 7 is, for example, a screw hole, and has a female thread that can be screwed into the male thread formed on the tip of the anchor portion 1. Note that the connection between the connecting portion 7 and the anchor portion 1 is not limited to screw connection, but may also be done by welding.

[0041] The connecting portion 3 can be inserted into the through hole 8. With the connecting portion 3 inserted, the connecting base 5 supports the connecting portion 3. The axial direction of the through hole 8 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 when the connecting hardware 10 is installed.

[0042] Both ends of the connecting portion 3 are fixed to the support portion 4. Both ends of the connecting portion 3 are parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1, and their movement (displacement) relative to the support portion 4 is constrained by the support portion 4 in two directions that are opposite to each other. More specifically, at the portion where the connecting portion 3 abuts against the through hole 6 formed in the support plate 14 of the support portion 4, the movement of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 is constrained. As a result, one connecting portion 3 can resist both tensile and compressive forces acting on the anchor portion 1, so that the anchor portion 1 can bear not only tensile forces but also compressive forces.

[0043] The connecting portion 3 is not restricted in movement (displacement) relative to the support portion 4 except in the parts where its movement is constrained by the support portion 4 (except at both ends of the connecting portion 3). In the parts where its movement is not constrained by the support portion 4, the connecting portion 3 can move (displace) relative to the support portion 4. Therefore, the connecting portion 3 can be repeatedly deformed by the force acting on the parts where its movement is not constrained by the support portion 4, i.e., the force transmitted from the connecting base portion 5, thereby improving and stabilizing the deformation performance of the connection between structural members.

[0044] The movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 can be in two ways, depending on whether or not bending deformation is suppressed in the connecting portion 3, according to the width of the connecting base 5.

[0045] The first type of displacement occurs when, as shown in Figure 9, the width of the connecting base 5 is such that the necessary gap is formed between the connecting base 5 and the support plate 14, causing bending deformation in the connecting portion 3. The bending deformation of the connecting portion 3 can be calculated, for example, using a fixed-end beam model in which both ends of the connecting portion 3 are fixed. The second type of displacement occurs when, as shown in Figure 10, the width of the connecting base 5 is approximately the same as the inner dimension between the support plates 14 of the support portion 4, no gap is formed between the connecting base 5 and the support plate 14, and the occurrence of bending deformation in the connecting portion 3 is suppressed.

[0046] In these examples, the width of the connecting base 5 is adjusted to one of two options. The required width of the connecting base 5 can be determined by the cross-sectional area of ​​the anchor portion 1. The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting base 5 is set to ensure that both the tensile and compressive forces borne by the anchor portion 1 are met. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting base 5 is set to be greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the anchor portion 1.

[0047] If the buckling load of anchor section 1 is smaller than the bending yield load or shear yield load of connecting section 3, anchor section 1 may buckle before connecting section 3 yields. Therefore, it is desirable that the bending yield load or shear yield load of connecting section 3 be smaller than the buckling load of anchor section 1.

[0048] As a result, when the connecting portion 3 undergoes bending deformation, and a compressive force is applied to the anchor portion 1, the connecting portion 3 will yield by bending before the anchor portion 1 buckles. Alternatively, if the bending deformation of the connecting portion 3 is restrained by the connecting base portion 5, when a compressive force is applied to the anchor portion 1, the connecting portion 3 will yield by shear before the anchor portion 1 buckles. Note that the buckling load of the anchor portion 1 can be set, for example, by adjusting the flexible length of the anchor portion 1, so shortening the flexible length of the anchor portion 1 can prevent buckling.

[0049] Therefore, damage to the anchor portion 1 due to buckling or brittle fracture can be avoided, and the connecting portion 3 maintains a nearly constant rigidity within the elastic range, exhibiting stable behavior against repeated loads until bending yield or shear yield occurs. For loads exceeding the bending yield load or shear yield load, the connecting portion 3 increases the amount of repeated deformation through plastic deformation, causing the increase in load to slow down and almost plateau. As a result, the connecting portion 3 can absorb more energy than before yielding. Therefore, the connecting hardware 10 contributes to further improvement and stabilization of the deformation performance of the connection between structural members.

[0050] When a bending yield load or shear yield load is applied to the connecting portion 3, if bending yield occurs in the fixing portion 2, the fixing portion 2 will undergo plastic deformation. As a result, the fixing portion 2 will bend into a V-shape, which may cause the column 53 to which the fixing portion 2 is fixed to to be destroyed. Therefore, it is desirable that the fixing portion 2 has a configuration that prevents bending yield when a bending yield load or shear yield load is applied to the connecting portion 3.

[0051] As a result, even if a bending yield load or shear yield load is applied to the connecting portion 3, no plastic deformation due to bending yield occurs in the fixing portion 2. Therefore, the fixing portion 2 maintains the shape it had when it was installed on the column 53. For example, the installation surface of the fixing portion 2 remains parallel to the surface of the column 53. As a result, failure of the column 53 to which the fixing portion 2 is fixed can be prevented.

[0052] Furthermore, when a bending yield load or shear yield load is applied to the connecting portion 3, a configuration in which the fixing portion 2 does not undergo bending yield can be described as follows: (1) As in the embodiment described above, the installation position of the support portion 4 in the fixing portion 2 is set to the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the fixing portion 2, so that the fixing portion 2 is fixed to the column 53 both above and below the support portion 4. Also, (2) As described in the second modified example below, the stress generated in the fixing portion 2 when the connecting portion 3 is subjected to a bending yield load or shear yield load may be set to be lower than the bending yield load of the fixing portion 2.

[0053] Next, with reference to Figures 11 to 13, a method for installing the connecting hardware 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The connecting hardware 10 is installed at the joint between the base 52 and the column 53. First, as shown in Figure 11, the connecting base 5 is connected to the anchor portion 1, which penetrates the base 52 and is supported by the foundation 51. Specifically, the female thread formed on the connecting portion 7 of the connecting base 5 is screw-connected to the male thread formed on the tip of the anchor portion 1. The anchor portion 1 and the connecting base 5 must be securely connected in a way that can withstand the tensile and compressive forces acting on the connecting hardware 10.

[0054] Furthermore, the orientation of the connecting base 5 is adjusted considering the orientation of the connecting portion 3 that is inserted through the through hole 8 of the connecting base 5.

[0055] Next, as shown in Figure 12, the fixing part 2, which has the support part 4 integrally attached, is installed on the column 53. At this time, the connecting base 5 is installed inside the support part 4. The fixing part 2 is installed on the column 53 such that the length of the fixing part 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor part 1 and also parallel to the axial direction of the column 53. In addition, the installation position of the fixing part 2 is adjusted so that the height position of the through hole 8 of the connecting base 5 is the same as the height position of the through hole 6 of the support part 4.

[0056] After the installation position of the fixing part 2 is adjusted, the connecting part 3 is inserted through the through hole 6 of the support part 4 and the through hole 8 of the connecting base part 5, as shown in Figure 13. This determines the installation position of the fixing part 2. Then, the screws 12 are inserted through the screw holes 11 of the fixing part 2, and the fixing part 2 is fixed to the column 53 by the screws 12. As described above, the connecting hardware 10 is provided at the joint between the base 52 and the column 53, as shown in Figures 1 to 4.

[0057] <First variation> Next, a first modified example of the connecting hardware 10 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 14 to 18. In the above embodiment, the case in which the anchor portion 1 is located on the outside of the column 53 was described, but the present invention is not limited to this example. As shown in Figure 16, the present invention can also be applied to the case in which a bolt hole 56 is formed inside the column 53 along the column axis direction, and the anchor portion 1 is inserted through the bolt hole 56 of the column 53, so that the anchor portion 1 is located on the inside of the column 53.

[0058] A notch 55 is formed in the column 53, corresponding to the position where the connecting base 5 and the support portion 4 are installed. The notch 55 communicates with the bolt hole 56 formed in the column 53 as described above.

[0059] The connecting hardware 10 according to this modified example comprises an anchor portion 1, a fixing portion 2, a connecting portion 3, a support portion 4, and a connecting base portion 5, similar to the first embodiment. Detailed explanations of components that have the same configuration and effects as the first embodiment described above are omitted.

[0060] The support portion 4 protrudes from the fixing portion 2, and when the fixing portion 2 is installed on the column 53, it is inserted into the notch portion 55 of the column 53. This allows the connecting hardware 10 to be connected to the anchor portion 1 located on the inside of the column 53.

[0061] Next, the method for installing the connecting hardware 10 according to this modified example will be described. As shown in Figure 16, the anchor portion 1 is supported by the foundation by penetrating the base 52. Furthermore, when joining the base 52 and the column 53, the anchor portion 1 is inserted through a bolt hole 56 formed in the column 53 and installed inside the column 53.

[0062] When the base 52 and the column 53 are joined, the tip of the anchor portion 1 is exposed through the notch 55. As shown in Figure 17, the connecting base 5 is connected to the anchor portion 1 exposed through the notch 55. At this time, the orientation of the connecting base 5 is adjusted considering the orientation of the connecting portion 3 that is inserted through the through hole 8 of the connecting base 5.

[0063] Next, the fixing part 2, which has the support part 4 integrally attached, is installed on the column 53. At this time, the support part 4 is inserted into the notch 55 of the column 53. Also, the connecting base 5 is installed on the inside of the support part 4. After the installation position of the fixing part 2 is adjusted, as shown in Figure 18, the connecting part 3 is inserted through the through hole 6 of the support part 4 and the through hole 8 of the connecting base 5. This determines the installation position of the fixing part 2. Then, as shown in Figure 14, the screws 12 are inserted through the screw holes 11 of the fixing part 2, and the fixing part 2 is fixed to the column 53 by the screws 12.

[0064] Furthermore, a recess corresponding to the shape of the fixing part 2 may be formed on the surface of the column 53. As a result, the fixing part 2 is housed within the recess, and the fixing part 2 is installed embedded in the column 53. If the plate thickness of the fixing part 2 is the same as the depth of the recess, the surface of the column 53 and the surface of the fixing part 2 can be on the same plane.

[0065] <Second variation> Next, a second modified example of the connecting hardware 10 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 19 to 21. In the first embodiment and first modification described above, the case in which the support portion 4 is provided in the middle portion of the fixing portion 2 in the longitudinal direction was explained, but the present invention is not limited to this example. That is, as shown in Figures 19 to 21, the present invention can also be applied to the case in which the support portion 4 is provided at one end of the fixing portion 2 in the longitudinal direction.

[0066] The support portion 4 is integrally provided with the fixing portion 2 at one end of the fixing portion 2 in the longitudinal direction, that is, at the lower end of the fixing portion 2 when the fixing portion 2 is attached to the column 53. In this modified example, the mounting position of the support portion 4 can be set closer to the joint between the base 52 and the column 53 than in the first embodiment described above. The closer the support portion 4 is to the joint between the base 52 and the column 53, the greater the buckling load of the anchor portion 1 becomes, thus delaying or preventing buckling during compression. Furthermore, since the strain of the anchor portion 1 increases during both compression and tension, this modified example can exhibit strength earlier when an external force is applied. In other words, the rigidity at the joint between structural members is increased, which is structurally advantageous.

[0067] Thus, when the support portion 4 is provided at the lower end of the fixing portion 2 and not in the middle of the length of the fixing portion 2, the fixing portion 2 is not fixed to the column 53 below the support portion 4. Therefore, in this modified example, when the column 53 deforms and a compressive force acts on the anchor portion 1, the fixing portion 2 is more prone to plastic deformation compared to the first embodiment. When the fixing portion 2 undergoes plastic deformation, it becomes bent into a V-shape, which may damage the column 53.

[0068] In this modified example, it is desirable that the connecting hardware 10 be configured such that the fixing part 2 does not undergo bending yield when a bending yield load or shear yield load is applied to the connecting part 3. Specifically, the bending yield load of the fixing part 2 is increased, so that the stress generated in the fixing part 2 when the yield load of the connecting part 3 is applied is lower than the bending yield load of the fixing part 2.

[0069] As a result, the connecting portion 3 maintains a nearly constant rigidity within its elastic range and exhibits stable behavior against repeated loads until bending yield or shear yield occurs. For loads exceeding the bending yield load or shear yield load, the connecting portion 3 can absorb more energy through plastic deformation than before yielding.

[0070] In the example shown in Figure 19, the width of the fixing part 2 is relatively wide, while in the example shown in Figure 21, the width of the fixing part 2 is relatively narrow. In either case, the relationship between the bending yield load of the fixing part 2 and the bending yield load or shear yield load of the connecting part 3 can be adjusted.

[0071] <Third variation> Next, a third modified example of the connecting hardware 10 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 22 to 25. In the above embodiment, the anchor portion 1 was described as being supported by the foundation 51 by passing through a through hole in the base 52 and fixing its lower end to the foundation 51, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The anchor portion 1 may also be an aftermarket anchor bolt, and may be installed directly on a base, beam, or the like instead of the foundation 51.

[0072] The connecting hardware 10 has a base portion 9, which is installed on the surface of the foundation or beam. Although not shown in the drawing, the base portion 9 is fixed to the foundation or beam with screws.

[0073] Figures 22 and 23 show the case where the base portion 9 has a U-shape. The base portion 9 is installed on the upper surface of the foundation 52, and the base portion 9 prevents lateral tilting. Figures 24 and 25 describe the case where the base portion 9 has an L-shape. In this case, the connecting hardware 10 can be installed on the structural member by using post-installation anchor bolts at the part where the column 53 and the foundation 52 intersect in an L-shape.

[0074] In this modified example, as shown in Figures 22 to 25, the connecting portion 3, support portion 4, and connecting base portion 5 are provided not only on the fixing portion 2 side, which is one end of the rod portion, but also on the base portion 9 side, which is the other end of the rod portion. Note that if the connecting portion 3 is provided at either end of the anchor portion 1, the other end may be fixed to the fixing portion 2 or the base portion 9 by welding or the like. While yielding does not occur at the welded end, the presence of the connecting portion 3 on one end allows for a configuration in which repeated deformation of the connecting portion 3 occurs.

[0075] [Second Embodiment] Next, with reference to Figures 26 to 28, a connecting hardware 20 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the inner dimensions of the two support plates 14 of the support portion 4 provided on the fixed portion 2 are larger than the width of the connecting base portion 5 of the anchor portion 1, and the case in which the support portion 4 accommodates the connecting base portion 5 inside was described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example.

[0076] In this embodiment, the connecting base 5 accommodates the support portion 4 provided on the fixing portion 2. Specifically, as shown in Figures 27 and 28, the connecting base 5 of the anchor portion 1 has two support plates 16. The support portion 4 is provided integrally with the fixing portion 2 and consists of, for example, a single plate. A through hole 6 is formed in the support portion 4.

[0077] The support plate 16 is installed on the anchor portion 1 such that its surface is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1. The support plate 16 has a through hole through which the connecting portion 3 can be inserted.

[0078] The inner dimensions of the two support plates 16 are greater than the width of the support portion 4 provided on the fixing portion 2, and the connecting base 5 accommodates the support portion 4 inside. The support portion 4 is located inside the connecting base 5, and the connecting portion 3 is inserted through the through hole in the support portion 4 and the through hole in the connecting base 5, so that the support portion 4 and the connecting base 5 support the connecting portion 3.

[0079] In this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the connecting portion 3 is connected to the connecting base portion 5 instead of the support portion 4, and is fixed to each other.

[0080] Both ends of the connecting portion 3 are fixed to the connecting base 5, and the connecting base 5 restricts the movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 in two directions that are parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 and opposite to each other. More specifically, at the portion where the connecting portion 3 abuts against the through hole formed in the support plate 16 of the connecting base 5, the movement of the connecting portion 3 relative to the connecting base 5 is restricted. As a result, one connecting portion 3 can resist both tensile and compressive forces acting on the anchor portion 1, so that the anchor portion 1 can bear not only tensile forces but also compressive forces.

[0081] The movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 is not restricted relative to the connecting base 5, except in the portion where its movement is restricted by the connecting base 5 (except at both ends of the connecting portion 3). In the portion where its movement is not restricted by the connecting base 5, the connecting portion 3 can move (displace) relative to the connecting base 5. Therefore, the connecting portion 3 can be repeatedly deformed by the force acting on the portion where its movement is not restricted by the connecting base 5, i.e., the force transmitted from the support portion 4, thereby improving and stabilizing the deformation performance of the connection between structural members.

[0082] The movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the connecting base 5 can be in two ways, depending on the width of the support portion 4 and whether or not bending deformation is suppressed in the connecting portion 3.

[0083] The first displacement occurs when the width of the support portion 4 is such that a necessary gap is formed between the support portion 4 and the support plate 16, causing bending deformation in the connecting portion 3. In this case, by making the bending yield load of the connecting portion 3 smaller than the buckling load of the anchor portion 1, when a compressive force is applied to the anchor portion 1, the connecting portion 3 will bend and yield before the anchor portion 1 buckles. The second displacement occurs when the width of the support portion 4 is approximately the same as the inner dimension between the support plates 16 of the connecting base 5, no gap is formed between the support portion 4 and the support plate 16, and the occurrence of bending deformation in the connecting portion 3 is suppressed. In this case, by making the shear yield load of the connecting portion 3 smaller than the buckling load of the anchor portion 1, when a compressive force is applied to the anchor portion 1, the connecting portion 3 will shear and yield before the anchor portion 1 buckles.

[0084] [Third Embodiment] Next, with reference to Figures 29 to 34, a connecting hardware 30 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment described above, an example was described in which the anchor portion 1 and the connecting base 5 are separate members and are integrally connected by screw coupling or the like. However, the present invention is not limited to this example.

[0085] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 29 to 34, the connecting base 5 has a shape that is integrated with the anchor portion 1. The connecting anchor portion 31 is formed by the anchor portion 1 and the connecting base 5. The connecting anchor portion 31 has the same cross-sectional shape in the portions of the anchor portion 1 and the connecting base 5. The connecting anchor portion 31 has, for example, a U-shaped cross-section. A through hole is formed in the connecting base 5 at one end of the connecting anchor portion 31, through which the connecting portion 3 can be inserted.

[0086] The connecting anchor portion 31 is installed inside the support portion 4. That is, the connecting anchor portion 31 is located between the support plates 14 of the support portion 4. Note that the cross-sectional shape of the connecting anchor portion 31 is not limited to the U-shape example shown, but may be H-shaped, circular, or angular. The connecting portion 3 is inserted through the through hole of the support portion 4 and the through hole of the connecting base portion 5, and the connecting portion 3 is fixed to the support portion 4 by bolt connection.

[0087] The support plate 14 of the support part 4 may be installed on the middle side in the width direction of the fixing part 2, rather than at the width direction end of the fixing part 2, as shown in Figures 29 to 31, or it may be installed along the width direction end of the fixing part 2, as shown in Figures 32 to 34. Also, the length of the support plate 14 of the support part 4 may be shorter than the length of the fixing part 2, as shown in Figures 29 to 31, or it may be the same length as the fixing part 2, as shown in Figures 32 to 34.

[0088] If the connecting anchor portion 31 has a U-shaped cross-section as shown in Figures 29 to 34, or if it has an H-shaped cross-section as shown in the illustrated example, the connecting anchor portion 31 may be installed on the outside of the support portion 4. In this case, the connecting portion 3 is inserted through the through hole in the support portion 4 and the through hole in the connecting base portion 5, and the connecting portion 3 is fixed to the connecting base portion 5 by bolt connection.

[0089] [Fourth Embodiment] Next, with reference to Figures 35 to 40, a connecting hardware 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the case in which the connecting portion 3 inserted through the through holes 6 and 8 is fixed to the support portion 4 by bolt connection was described, and in the second embodiment, the case in which the connecting portion 3 is fixed to the connecting base portion 5 by bolt connection was described, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0090] As shown in Figures 35 to 37, the connecting portion 3 has a shape in which it is integrated with the connecting base portion 5 and fixed to each other. The connecting base portion 5 has, for example, a cylindrical shape and is provided on the extension of the anchor portion 1. The connecting portion 3 is formed to protrude outward from the side surface of the connecting base portion 5. The connecting portion 3 is, for example, pin-shaped. The connecting base portion 5 is installed between the support plates 14 of the support portion 4.

[0091] The support portion 4 is provided with a notch 18. The notch 18 is, for example, a concave shape that extends from the end opposite to the fixing portion 2 toward the fixing portion 2. The connecting portion 3 is inserted into the notch 18 of the support portion 4 and engages with the support portion 4.

[0092] In this embodiment, the connecting portion 3 is not limited to having a pin shape. The connecting portion 3 only needs to be able to engage with the support portion 4 and have a shape that protrudes outward from the connecting base portion 5. For example, the connecting portion 3 may be a hexagonal plate-shaped member as shown in Figures 38 to 40. Alternatively, the connecting portion 3 may be a circular disc-shaped or other polygonal plate-shaped member instead of a hexagonal plate-shaped member.

[0093] One end of the connecting portion 3 is fixed to the connecting base 5, and the connecting base 5 restricts the movement (displacement) of the anchor portion 1 relative to the connecting base 5 in two directions that are parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 and are opposite to each other.

[0094] The connecting portion 3 is not restricted in its movement (displacement) relative to the connecting base 5, except in the portion where its movement is constrained by the connecting base 5. In the portion where its movement is not constrained by the connecting base 5, the connecting portion 3 can move (displace) relative to the connecting base 5. Therefore, the connecting portion 3 can be repeatedly deformed by the force acting on the portion where its movement is not constrained by the connecting base 5, that is, by the force transmitted from one of the support portions 4.

[0095] The movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the connecting base 5 can be in two ways, depending on the width of the support portion 4 and whether or not bending deformation is suppressed in the connecting portion 3.

[0096] The first displacement occurs when a necessary gap is formed between the support 4 and the connecting base 5, causing bending deformation in the connecting part 3. In this case, by making the bending yield load of the connecting part 3 smaller than the buckling load of the anchor part 1, when a compressive force is applied to the anchor part 1, the connecting part 3 will bend and yield before the anchor part 1 buckles. The bending deformation of the connecting part 3 can be calculated, for example, using a simply supported beam model where both ends of the connecting part 3 are simply supported. The second displacement occurs when no gap is formed between the support 4 and the connecting base 5, suppressing the occurrence of bending deformation in the connecting part 3. In this case, by making the shear yield load of the connecting part 3 smaller than the buckling load of the anchor part 1, when a compressive force is applied to the anchor part 1, the connecting part 3 will shear and yield before the anchor part 1 buckles.

[0097] [Fifth Embodiment] Next, with reference to Figures 41 to 45, a joint fitting 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 41 and 42, the connecting portion 3 has a shape in which it is integrated with the support portion 4 and fixed to each other. The connecting portion 3 is a rod-shaped member that is installed between the two support plates 14 of the support portion 4 and connected to the support plates 14 by welding or the like. In this embodiment, the fixing portion 2, the connecting portion 3, and the support portion 4 are integrated with each other.

[0098] The connecting base 5 is provided with a notch 19 that is recessed inward from the outer surface. The connecting portion 3 can be inserted into the notch 19. The inner upper and lower surfaces of the notch 19 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 when the anchor portion 1 is installed on a structural material such as a foundation.

[0099] The connecting portion 3 is integrated with the support portion 4. Therefore, the movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 in the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 is constrained by the support portion 4.

[0100] The connecting portion 3 is not restricted in movement (displacement) relative to the support portion 4 except in the parts where its movement is constrained by the support portion 4 (except at both ends of the connecting portion 3). In the parts where its movement is not constrained by the support portion 4, the connecting portion 3 can move (displace) relative to the support portion 4. Therefore, the connecting portion 3 can be repeatedly deformed by the force acting on the parts where its movement is not constrained by the support portion 4, that is, the force transmitted from the connecting base portion 5.

[0101] Similar to the first embodiment, the movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 can be in two ways depending on the width of the connecting base 5: one in which bending deformation occurs in the connecting portion 3, and another in which the occurrence of bending deformation is suppressed.

[0102] Next, a method for installing the connecting hardware 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The connecting hardware 50 is installed at the joint between the base 52 and the column 53. First, as shown in Figure 43, the connecting base 5 is connected to the anchor portion 1, which penetrates the base 52 and is supported by the foundation 51. Specifically, the connecting base 5 is connected to the tip of the anchor portion 1 by a screw connection. At this time, the orientation of the connecting base 5 is adjusted considering the orientation of the connecting portion 3 which is inserted into the notch 19 of the connecting base 5.

[0103] Next, as shown in Figure 44, before erecting the column 53, the integrated fixing part 2, connecting part 3, and support part 4 are installed on the connecting base 5. At this time, the connecting part 3 is inserted into the notch 19 of the connecting base 5. In this embodiment, the connecting base 5 is installed inside the two support plates 14 of the support part 4. Then, as shown in Figure 45, with the connecting part 3 inserted into the notch 19, the column 53 is erected on the foundation 52.

[0104] Then, the fixing part 2, on which the connecting part 3 and the support part 4 are integrally provided, is installed on the column 53 with screws or the like. The connecting part 3 moves inside the notch 19, maintaining a state in which the connecting part 3 and the connecting base 5 are engaged. As described above, the connecting hardware 50 is provided at the joint between the base 52 and the column 53, as shown in Figure 41. In this embodiment, since the connecting part 3 is integrated with the support part 4 in advance, there is no need to attach the connecting part 3 to the support part 4 on site.

[0105] [Sixth Embodiment] Next, with reference to Figures 46 to 52, a joint fitting 60 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the connecting portion 3 is inserted through the through hole 6 of the support portion 4 and the through hole 8 of the connecting base portion 5, and the connecting portion 3 is fixed to the connecting base portion 5 by bolt connection. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 46 to 48, the connecting portion 3 has a pin portion 61 and a mounting portion 62. The pin portion 61 of the connecting portion 3 is fixed to the support portion 4 via a mounting portion 62 that can be fitted onto the outer circumference of the support portion 4.

[0106] The mounting portion 62 allows the pin portion 61 to be attached to the support portion 4. The mounting portion 62 consists of, for example, two plate materials 63 and two sets of pins 64. The two plate materials 63 restrict movement in the left-right direction relative to the support portion 4, and the two pins 64 restrict movement in the up-down direction relative to the support portion 4.

[0107] The pin portion 61 is a rod-shaped member that is installed between the two plate materials 63 of the mounting portion 62 and connected to the plate materials 63 by welding or the like.

[0108] The connecting base 5 is provided with a notch 19 that is recessed inward from the outer surface. The pin portion 61 of the connecting portion 3 can be inserted into the notch 19. The inner upper and lower surfaces of the notch 19 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 when the anchor portion 1 is installed on a structural material such as a foundation.

[0109] The pin portion 61 of the connecting portion 3 is fixed to the support portion 4 with the mounting portion 62 fitted into the support portion 4, and the movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 is constrained by the support portion 4 in two directions that are parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 and are opposite to each other.

[0110] Except for the portion where its movement is restricted by the support portion 4 (except for the portion that engages with the support portion 4), the connecting portion 3 is not restricted in its movement (displacement) relative to the support portion 4. In the portion where its movement is not restricted by the support portion 4, the connecting portion 3 is capable of movement (displacement) relative to the support portion 4. Therefore, the connecting portion 3 can be repeatedly deformed by the force acting on the portion where its movement is not restricted by the support portion 4, that is, the force transmitted from the connecting base portion 5.

[0111] Similar to the first embodiment, the movement (displacement) of the pin portion 61 of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 can occur in two ways depending on the width of the connecting base 5: one in which bending deformation occurs at the pin portion 61, and another in which the occurrence of bending deformation is suppressed.

[0112] Next, a method for installing the connecting hardware 60 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The connecting hardware 60 is provided at the joint between the base 52 and the column 53. Here, we will describe the case in which the connecting hardware 60 according to this embodiment is installed to reinforce a conventional ball-down hardware that has already been installed. The anchor portion, fixing portion, and support portion of the installed hold-down hardware are used as the anchor portion 1, fixing portion 2, and support portion 4 of the connecting hardware 60 according to this embodiment.

[0113] In the installed hold-down hardware, as shown in Figure 49, a nut 57 is installed at the tip of the anchor portion 1. Therefore, the nut 57 installed on the anchor portion 1 is removed. The anchor portion 1 is supported by the foundation by passing through the base 52.

[0114] Then, as shown in Figure 50, the connecting base 5 is connected to the anchor portion 1 from which the nut 57 has been removed. Specifically, the connecting base 5 is connected to the tip of the anchor portion 1 by screw connection. At this time, the orientation of the connecting base 5 is adjusted considering the orientation of the connecting portion 3 which is inserted into the notch 19 of the connecting base 5.

[0115] Next, as shown in Figures 51 and 52, the connecting portion 3 is installed on the support portion 4 and the connecting base portion 5. The pin 64 that constitutes the mounting portion 62 of the connecting portion 3 is removed from the plate material 63. The two support plates 14 of the support portion 4 and the connecting base portion 5 are installed inside the two plate materials 63 of the connecting portion 3. The pin portion 61 of the connecting portion 3 is inserted into the notch portion 19 of the connecting base portion 5. Then, with the pin portion 61 inserted into the notch portion 19, the pin 64 is inserted into the plate material 63 and fixed with a nut. As a result, the mounting portion 62 of the connecting portion 3 fits onto the support portion 4, and the connecting portion 3 engages with the connecting base portion 5. As shown in Figures 46 and 47, the connecting hardware 50 is provided at the joint between the base 52 and the column 53.

[0116] [Seventh Embodiment] Next, with reference to Figures 53 and 54, a joint fitting 70 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the fifth embodiment described above, the connecting portion 3 has a shape in which it is integrated with the support portion 4 and fixed to each other, and the case in which the connecting portion 3 engages with a notch portion 19 formed in the connecting base portion 5 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this example.

[0117] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 53 and 54, a through hole with a female thread is formed in the vertical direction in the connecting portion 3. The connecting base 5 has a male thread formed on the upper part of the anchor portion 1. The female thread formed in the through hole of the connecting portion 3 engages with the male thread of the connecting base 5 on the upper part of the anchor portion 1. In the example shown in Figures 53 and 54, the top of the anchor portion 1 is formed to protrude outward from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion of the anchor portion 1. However, even if the protruding portion of the top of the anchor portion 1 does not contact the connecting portion 3, one connecting portion 3 can resist both tensile and compressive forces acting on the anchor portion 1. Therefore, the anchor portion 1 can bear not only tensile force but also compressive force.

[0118] One connecting portion 3 is integrated with the support portion 4 and fixed to it, and the movement (displacement) of the support portion 4 is constrained by the support portion 4 in two directions that are parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion 1 and are opposite to each other.

[0119] The connecting portion 3 is not restricted in its movement (displacement) relative to the support portion 4, except in the parts where its movement (displacement) is constrained by the support portion 4 (except at both ends of the connecting portion 3). In the parts where its movement is not constrained by the support portion 4, the connecting portion 3 can move (displace) relative to the support portion 4. Therefore, the connecting portion 3 can be repeatedly deformed by the force acting on the parts where its movement is not constrained by the support portion 4, that is, the force transmitted from the connecting base portion 5.

[0120] Since the connecting base 5 and the connecting portion 3 are locally connected by a screw connection, the bending deformation of the connecting portion 3 is not suppressed by the connecting base 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, the movement (displacement) of the connecting portion 3 relative to the support portion 4 is the bending deformation of the connecting portion 3.

[0121] In this embodiment, since the connecting portion 3 is pre-integrated with the support portion 4, there is no need to attach the connecting portion 3 to the support portion 4 on site. Furthermore, when fixing the anchor portion 1 to a foundation, base, beam, etc., the anchor portion 1 is inserted into the through hole of the connecting portion 3, and the connecting base portion 5 is connected to the connecting portion 3 by screw connection. At this time, the male thread of the connecting base portion 5 engages with the female thread of the connecting portion 3.

[0122] [Other embodiments] The joining member according to the present invention can also be applied to the joint between two columns or two beams that are provided in the same axial direction. That is, the joining hardware 10 can be applied to the joint between a first structural member and a second structural member that is provided in the same axial direction as the first structural member on the extension of the first structural member. In this case, the anchor portion is, for example, a double-threaded bolt. In this case, the anchor portion can also be applied when joining a first structural member and a second structural member that are provided in the same axial direction, by penetrating intersecting horizontal members or beams.

[0123] [Examples] Hereinafter, a frame to which the connecting hardware 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to Figures 55 and 56. In this frame, a stable frame that can be repeatedly deformed is realized.

[0124] An example of how the connecting hardware 10 according to this embodiment can be applied to a rigid frame structure without bracing or structural plywood in a typical one-module conventional structure (column size: cross-sectional width 105 mm, cross-sectional depth 105 mm, height 2730 mm, column center-to-center distance 910 mm) is shown below.

[0125] <Specifications of connecting hardware 10> Anchor section 1: Diameter 16mm, flexible length 155mm, distance between column center and anchor section center 78.5mm Fixing part 2: Plate thickness 6mm, width 60mm, length 215mm Connecting section 3: Diameter 14mm, flexible length 25mm

[0126] <Example: When installing connecting hardware 10 on both sides of the column top and base (a total of 4 locations) of one column 53> As shown in Figure 55, when a horizontal force acts on the frame, the compressive force acting on the compression-side connecting hardware 10 and the tensile force acting on the tension side are balanced at the top and base of a single column 53. The inflection point of column 53 is at the center of column 53 (approximately half the column height). The horizontal load-bearing capacity Qu of a single column is the smaller of the shear strength Qsu of the wooden column 53 and the shear force Qmu at which the connection point 3 of the connecting hardware 10 reaches its elastic limit. At this time, the shear force of the column 53 is transmitted from the male tenon to the female tenon of the sill plate 52 or beam 54 (this is a common practice in conventional structures).

[0127] According to rough calculations, columns to which connecting hardware 10 is applied have a horizontal load-bearing capacity Qu of 2.5kN per column, and 5.0kN for two columns, meaning this frame can repeatedly withstand horizontal forces of this value. Dividing this horizontal load-bearing capacity by the standard strength of 1.96kN / m and then by the distance between the centerlines of the columns converts it to a wall strength ratio of 2.86. This is comparable to the wall strength ratio of typical structural plywood (9mm thick, 150mm nail spacing), indicating that this frame has a certain level of horizontal load-bearing capacity even without bracing or structural plywood.

[0128] The shear strength Qsu of column 53, which is made of wood, is equivalent to the typical compressive strength of wood, which is 20 N / mm². 2 It can be roughly calculated by multiplying 1 / 10 of the cross-sectional area, and the value is 22kN. The shear force Qmu at which the connection point 3 reaches its elastic limit can be roughly calculated by multiplying the compressive force (=tensile force) acting on the anchor point 1 at which the connection point 3 reaches its elastic limit by the distance between the column center and the anchor point center to calculate the moment, and then dividing it by the height of the inflection point. The value is 2.5 kN.

[0129] Here, the compressive force (=tensile force) acting on the anchor part 1 when the connecting part 3 is at its elastic limit is equal to the yield strength of the steel connecting part 3, which is 345 N / mm². 2The load can be roughly calculated by dividing it by one-eighth of the flexible length of the connecting section 3 and multiplying by the section modulus, and the value is 44kN. In this case, the connecting section 3 was modeled as a centrally concentrated load-bearing beam with both ends supported.

[0130] Furthermore, the compressive force (=tensile force) acting on the anchor section 1 when the connecting section 3 is exactly at its elastic limit is less than the buckling load of the anchor section 1, which is 67 kN. At this time, the buckling load of the anchor section 1 was calculated using a general formula in a model with the lower end fixed and the upper end free.

[0131] In the second modified example of the first embodiment shown in Figures 19 to 21, it is necessary to consider the bending deformation of the fixing part 2, and a verification of the bending yield of the fixing part 2 is added to the above calculation. An example of a method for verifying the bending yield of the fixing part 2 is described below. Assuming an arbitrary deformation angle θp for the frame, and assuming that the angle between the compressive force (=tensile force) acting on the anchor part 1 and the vertical direction is equal to the assumed deformation angle of the frame, the force that causes the bending deformation of the fixing part 2 is the horizontal component of the compressive force (=tensile force) acting on the anchor part 1. By comparing this horizontal component of the compressive force (=tensile force) acting on the anchor part 1 with the bending yield load when the part of the fixing part 2 that is not fixed to the column 53 by screws, etc. is modeled as a cantilever beam, a verification of the bending yield of the fixing part 2 can be performed.

[0132] As shown in Figure 56, it is also possible to arrange braces or structural plywood 58 in the frame and place the connecting hardware 10 on the outside of the column heads and bases of each column. The braces or structural plywood 58 are placed in the hatched areas of Figure 56. Even in this case, the connecting hardware 10 according to this embodiment can bear the compressive force, and furthermore, the connecting part 3 can be repeatedly deformed, so that the input energy can be converted into kinetic energy of the connecting part 3. As a result, the frame to which the connecting hardware 10 is applied reduces the load on the braces or structural plywood 58 and contributes to improving the deformation performance and stabilization of the frame. [Explanation of symbols]

[0133] 1: Anchor section 2:Fixed part 3:Connection part 4: Support part 5:Connection base 6: Through hole 7: Connection part 8: Through hole 9: Base section 10: Connecting hardware 11: Screw holes 12: Bis 14: Support plate 15: Intermediate plate 16: Support plate 17: Flange plate 18: Notch 19: Notch 20: Connecting hardware 30: Connecting hardware 31: Connecting anchor section 40: Connecting hardware 50: Connecting hardware 51: Basics 52: Foundation 53: Pillar 54: Beam 55: Notch 56: Bolt hole 57: Nut 58: Bracing or structural plywood 60: Connecting hardware 61: Pin part 62: Mounting part 63: Plate material 64: Nut 70: Connecting hardware

Claims

1. Supported by a first structural member installed in the structure, the anchor portion is a rod-shaped member, A fixing part installed on a second structural member, which is a structural member different from the first structural member and is provided on the structure, The connecting base formed in the anchor portion, A support portion is provided protruding from the aforementioned fixed portion, A connecting portion is provided that extends in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the anchor portion and is connected to the connecting base and the support portion, Equipped with, One of the connecting portions is constrained by one of the connecting bases or support portions to move relative to one of the connecting bases or support portions in two opposite directions parallel to the axial direction of the anchor portion. The connecting portion is a joint member that can be repeatedly deformed by a force acting on the portion whose movement is not restrained.

2. The joining member according to claim 1, wherein the bending yield load or shear yield load of the connecting portion is smaller than the buckling load of the anchor portion.

3. The joining member according to claim 2, wherein the fixing portion is configured so that bending yield does not occur when a bending yield load or shear yield load is applied to the connecting portion.

Images