Structure and method for manufacturing the structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a structure in which an electromagnetic functional layer is protected by a coating layer, and a method for manufacturing the structure. [Solution] The method for manufacturing the structure includes the steps of preparing a sheet 21, dissolving the sheet 21, and forming a coating layer. In the step of preparing the sheet 21, a sheet 21 is prepared with an electromagnetic functional layer 13 formed on at least one surface. In the step of dissolving the sheet 21, with the electromagnetic functional layer 13 facing the base material 10, the sheet 21 is dissolved by impregnating the sheet 21 with at least one of a liquid agent 22 and the vapor of the liquid agent 22. In the step of forming a coating layer, a coating layer reconstructed from at least a portion of the sheet 21 is formed on the base material 10.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure and a method for manufacturing the structure.

Background Art

[0002] Research and development have been carried out on wearable devices having various functions such as contact lenses.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a contact lens having an electromagnetic wave shielding function by graphene.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, in the technology of Patent Document 1, the graphene coating is exposed on the surface of the contact lens, and there are concerns about durability and adhesiveness.

[0006] The present invention provides a structure in which an electromagnetic functional layer is protected by a coating layer, and a method for manufacturing the structure.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the following structure and a method for manufacturing the structure are provided.

[0008] 1. A structure that can be worn so as to come into contact with the eyeball, A substrate having a first convex surface and a second concave surface on the opposite side of the first surface, A covering layer that covers at least one of the first and second surfaces of the substrate, The system comprises an electromagnetic functional layer located between the substrate and the coating layer, The substrate and the coating layer are made of different materials. structure. 2. In the structure described in 1., The solubility of the coating layer in at least one of the following solvents is higher than that of the substrate in the aforementioned solvents: water, acetone, ethyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, chloroform, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylene. structure. 3. In the structure described in 1. or 2., The thickness of the coating layer is 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. structure. 4. In any of the structures described in 1. to 3., The coating layer comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate, carboxymethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, acrylic, nylon, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. structure. 5. In any one of the structures described in 1. to 4., The aforementioned substrate comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, silicone, polydimethylsiloxane, poly(methacrylic acid), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), and hydrogel. structure. 6. In any of the structures described in 1. to 5., The coating layer covers at least a part of the first surface of the base material. Structural body. 7. In the structural body according to any one of 1. to 6., The electromagnetic functional layer is an electromagnetic wave shielding layer. Structural body. 8. In the structural body according to 7., It has a shielding performance of -1.0 dB or less with respect to electromagnetic waves of 6 GHz. Structural body. 9. In the structural body according to any one of 1. to 8., Over a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and 800 nm or less, the light transmittance of the electromagnetic functional layer is 50% or more. Structural body. 10. In the structural body according to any one of 1. to 9., The electromagnetic functional layer and the coating layer are in contact in the stacking direction. Structural body. 11. In the structural body according to any one of 1. to 10., At least a part of the outer periphery of the electromagnetic functional layer, the base material and the coating layer are in contact. Structural body. 12. In the structural body according to any one of 1. to 11., Further comprising a circuit layer, The electromagnetic functional layer is an electromagnetic wave shielding layer, The base material, the electromagnetic functional layer, the coating layer, and the circuit layer are laminated in this order. Structural body. 13. A step of preparing a sheet having an electromagnetic functional layer formed on at least one surface, A step of dissolving the sheet by permeating at least one of a liquid agent and the vapor of the liquid agent into the sheet with the electromagnetic functional layer facing the base material, A step of forming a coating layer reconstituted from at least a part of the sheet on the base material, including: Method for manufacturing a structural body. 14. In the method for manufacturing a structural body according to 13., The sheet is a porous sheet containing a plurality of fibers. Method for manufacturing a structure. 15. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to 14., The plurality of fibers are one or more selected from the group consisting of cellulose fibers and polymer fibers. Method for manufacturing a structure. 16. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to any one of 13. to 15., The transmittance of light with a wavelength of 600 nm in the coating layer is higher than the transmittance of light with a wavelength of 600 nm in the sheet before permeating at least one of the liquid agent and the vapor of the liquid agent. Method for manufacturing a structure. 17. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to any one of 13. to 16., The thickness of the coating layer is 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. Method for manufacturing a structure. 18. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to any one of 13. to 17., The liquid agent contains at least one of water, acetone, ethyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, chloroform, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylene. Method for manufacturing a structure. 19. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to any one of 13. to 18., In the step of preparing the sheet, the conductive particles are attached to the sheet by filtering a dispersion liquid in which the conductive particles are dispersed with the sheet. Method for manufacturing a structure. 20. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to any one of 13. to 19., In the step of preparing the sheet, a sheet in which at least a part of the edge of the sheet is exposed is prepared. Method for manufacturing a structure. 21. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to any one of 13. to 20., The structure can be worn so as to contact the eyeball. A method for manufacturing a structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a structure in which an electromagnetic functional layer is protected by a coating layer, and a method for manufacturing the structure. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This is a flowchart illustrating the process for manufacturing the structure according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] This diagram illustrates the process of dissolving the sheet. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the building. [Figure 4] This is a plan view illustrating a sheet in which an electromagnetic functional layer is formed on at least one surface. [Figure 5] This figure illustrates a structure in which a coating layer covers the second surface of the substrate. [Figure 6] This is a plan view illustrating the structure of the building. [Figure 7] This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a structure according to the third embodiment. [Figure 8] This figure shows the results of evaluating structure A1. [Figure 9] This figure shows the results of evaluating structure A1. [Figure 10] This diagram shows the experimental setup for evaluating moisture barrier properties. [Figure 11] This graph shows the results of evaluating the amount of volatilization of deionized water. [Figure 12] This graph shows the results of measuring the light transmittance of the structure according to Example 3. [Figure 13] This graph shows the results of the electromagnetic shielding performance evaluation. [Figure 14] This graph shows the change in the electrical resistance of the electromagnetic shielding layer over time. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In all drawings, similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted as appropriate. The x, y, and z axes are three mutually orthogonal axes.

[0012] (First embodiment) Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating the process for manufacturing the structure according to the first embodiment. Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating step S20, in which the sheet is dissolved. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the structure 50 manufactured by the method according to this embodiment.

[0013] The manufacturing method of the structure according to this embodiment includes a step S10 for preparing a sheet 21, a step S20 for dissolving the sheet 21, and a step S30 for forming a coating layer 12. In the step S10 for preparing the sheet 21, a sheet 21 is prepared in which an electromagnetic functional layer 13 is formed on at least one surface. In the step S20 for dissolving the sheet 21, with the electromagnetic functional layer 13 facing the substrate 10, the sheet 21 is dissolved by impregnating the sheet 21 with at least one of a liquid agent 22 and the vapor of the liquid agent 22. In the step S30 for forming the coating layer 12, a coating layer 12 reconstructed from at least a portion of the sheet 21 is formed on the substrate 10.

[0014] According to the method of this embodiment, a structure 50 is obtained in which a base material 10, an electromagnetic functional layer 13, and a coating layer 12 are laminated. In the structure 50, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12. Therefore, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is protected between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12. In the structure 50, other layers may be laminated between the base material 10 and the electromagnetic functional layer 13. In the structure 50, other layers may be laminated further outside the electromagnetic functional layer 13 (on the opposite side from the base material 10).

[0015] The material of the base material 10 is not particularly limited, but may be glass or resin, for example. Preferably, the base material 10 is resistant to the liquid agent 22.

[0016] The shape of the base material 10 is not particularly limited and may be in the form of a sheet, a plate, a columnar shape, or a sphere. The surface of the base material 10 may include flat surfaces or curved surfaces. According to the manufacturing method of this embodiment, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 and the coating layer 12 can be easily laminated even on curved surfaces.

[0017] The structure 50 may be a structure that can be worn in contact with the eyeball, such as a contact lens. According to this embodiment, as an example, a structure 50 according to the second embodiment described later can be obtained. When the structure 50 is a structure that can be worn in contact with the eyeball, it is preferable that the base material 10 has a first surface 101 which is convex and a second surface 102 which is concave and is the surface opposite to the first surface 101. An existing contact lens may be used as the base material 10. However, the structure 50 does not have to be a structure that can be worn in contact with the eyeball. The structure 50 may be a wearable device other than a contact lens type, or it may be something other than a wearable device.

[0018] The electromagnetic functional layer 13 may include, for example, one or more of the following: electromagnetic shielding, optical filter, circuit, sensor, metasurface, and antenna. The electromagnetic functional layer 13 may also be a conductive layer. If the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is a conductive layer, the coating layer 12 may also function as an insulating layer that electrically insulates at least a portion of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 from the outside or from other layers. Alternatively, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be a resin layer containing optical functional particles. The electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be patterned into a specific shape. The thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 500 μm or less from the viewpoint of miniaturizing the structure 50. From the viewpoint of strength, the thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is preferably 1 μm or more.

[0019] If the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic shielding layer that includes electromagnetic wave shielding, it is preferable that the electromagnetic functional layer 13 has a shielding performance of -1.0 dB or less, and more preferably -10 dB or less, against 6 GHz electromagnetic waves. The shielding performance is calculated as shielding performance (dB) = 20 × log(electric field strength after shielding / electric field strength before shielding), and the smaller the value, that is, the larger the absolute value of the negative value, the higher the shielding effect.

[0020] If the electromagnetic functional layer 13 includes an optical filter, the optical filter may be a filter for at least a portion of the wavelength bands of visible light (light with a wavelength of 360 nm to 830 nm), or a filter for at least a portion of the wavelength bands of ultraviolet light (light with a wavelength of 10 nm to 380 nm), or a filter for at least a portion of the wavelength bands of infrared light (light with a wavelength of 760 nm to 1 mm).

[0021] Sheet 21 is, for example, a porous sheet. Sheet 21 may contain, for example, multiple fibers. Preferably, the multiple fibers are one or more selected from the group consisting of cellulose fibers and polymer fibers. Polymer fibers are, for example, fibers containing one or more selected from the group consisting of cellulose mixed esters, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, acrylic, nylon, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. Specific examples of sheet 21 include paper such as filter paper, and membranes made of polymer fibers.

[0022] The liquid agent 22 preferably contains at least one of water, acetone, ethyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, chloroform, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylene. The sheet 21 dissolved by the liquid agent 22 solidifies to form the coating layer 12. While the sheet 21 is porous, the pores are sealed (for example, the gaps between fibers are eliminated), forming the coating layer 12 as an integrated layer. Consequently, a transparent coating layer 12 may be formed from the opaque sheet 21. Specifically, the transmittance of light at a wavelength of 600 nm in the coating layer 12 may be higher than the transmittance of light at a wavelength of 600 nm in the sheet 21 before at least one of the liquid agent 22 and the vapor of the liquid agent 22 is permeated through it.

[0023] Since the coating layer 12 formed from the sheet 21 is soluble in the liquid agent 22, it can be said that the base material 10 and the coating layer 12 are made of different materials in the structure 50. In other words, the solubility of the coating layer 12 in at least one of the following solvents—water, acetone, ethyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, chloroform, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylene—is higher than the solubility of the base material 10 in that solvent.

[0024] The thickness of the sheet 21 can be set according to the desired thickness of the coating layer 12. From the viewpoint of making it easily soluble in the liquid agent 22, the thickness of the sheet 21 is preferably 500 μm or less, more preferably 5 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 μm or less. From the viewpoint of ensuring the thickness of the coating layer 12 and handling ease, the thickness of the sheet 21 is preferably 0.5 μm or more, more preferably 1 μm or more, and even more preferably 10 μm or more. The shape of the sheet 21 is not particularly limited and can be set according to the desired shape of the coating layer 12. The coating layer 12 only needs to cover at least a part of the surface of the base material 10, and does not need to cover the entire surface. In addition, a part of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12, while other parts may not be located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12, but from the viewpoint of protecting the electromagnetic functional layer 13, it is preferable that the entire electromagnetic functional layer 13 is located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12.

[0025] The thickness of the coating layer 12 in the structure 50 is preferably 0.1 μm or more, and more preferably 1 μm or more, from the viewpoint of protecting the electromagnetic functional layer 13. From the viewpoint of miniaturizing the structure 50, the thickness of the coating layer 12 in the structure 50 is preferably 100 μm or less, and more preferably 10 μm or less.

[0026] The manufacturing method of the structure 50 according to this embodiment will be described in detail below. Figure 4 is a plan view illustrating a sheet 21 on which an electromagnetic functional layer 13 is formed on at least one surface. In Figure 4, an example is shown where the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic wave shielding layer, but the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is not limited to this example and may be a circuit or the like.

[0027] In one example, in step S10, the sheet 21 is prepared by filtering a dispersion containing conductive particles through the sheet 21 to attach the conductive particles to the sheet 21. As conductive particles, one or more materials from the group consisting of, for example, two-dimensional materials such as MXene and graphene, and one-dimensional materials such as carbon nanotubes can be used. MXene is a two-dimensional inorganic compound composed of a pre-periodic transition metal and a light element. The chemical formula for MXene is Mn+1 X n T x It can be expressed as follows: where M is one or more selected from Ti, V, and Nb; X is one or more selected from C and N; T is a functional group, for example, one or more selected from O, F, OH, and Cl. However, examples of conductive particles are not limited to these.

[0028] The conductive particles may be made of a material that is easily oxidized. According to this embodiment, a structure 50 is obtained in which the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is covered with a coating layer 12, so that oxidation of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 can be suppressed.

[0029] The dispersion can be prepared, for example, by dispersing conductive particles in water. However, the dispersion may also be prepared by dispersing conductive particles in a liquid other than water. By filtering the dispersion containing the conductive particles through sheet 21, the conductive particles in the dispersion are attached to one side of sheet 21. The thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 can be adjusted by adjusting the relationship between the amount of conductive particles in the filtered dispersion and the area on sheet 21 to which the conductive particles are attached.

[0030] However, in step S10 for preparing the sheet 21, instead of filtering the dispersion of conductive particles through the sheet 21, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be formed by applying or printing a material paste onto the sheet 21. Alternatively, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be formed on both sides of the sheet 21.

[0031] In step S10, which prepares the sheet 21, it is preferable to prepare a sheet 21 in which at least a portion of the edge 210 of the sheet 21 is exposed, as shown in Figure 4. By doing so, the portion of the resulting coating layer 12 corresponding to the exposed portion of the sheet 21 will bond with the base material 10, thereby improving the adhesion of the coating layer 12 to the base material 10. In particular, it is preferable to prepare a sheet 21 in which the edge 210 is exposed around the entire circumference of the sheet 21. By doing so, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 can be sealed between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12. For example, if the electromagnetic functional layer 13 contains a material that is easily oxidized or a material that is easily absorbed by moisture, it is preferable to reduce contact between the electromagnetic functional layer 13 and the atmosphere by sealing.

[0032] In one example of the process S20 for dissolving the sheet 21, first, the sheet 21 with the electromagnetic functional layer 13 formed on it is placed on the substrate 10. At this time, the side of the sheet 21 with the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is facing the substrate 10. Also, as shown in Figure 2, it is preferable to place the sheet 21 so that at least a part of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is in contact with the substrate 10. Then, the liquid agent 22 is permeated into the sheet 21. The sheet 21 then dissolves in the liquid agent 22. To permeate the sheet 21 with the liquid agent 22, for example, the liquid agent 22 may be dropped onto the sheet 21 or poured onto the sheet 21. It is preferable to permeate the entire sheet 21 with the liquid agent 22. A part of the dissolved sheet 21 may be washed away and removed by the liquid agent 22. The thickness of the formed coating layer 12 can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the supply amount and supply time of the liquid agent 22.

[0033] In one example of the step S30 for forming the coating layer 12, the liquid agent 22 can be volatilized by leaving the laminate obtained in the above step (i.e., the laminate including the base material 10, the electromagnetic functional layer 13, and the sheet 21 (coating layer 12)) to stand in the air. As the amount of liquid agent 22 in the dissolved sheet 21 decreases, the coating layer 12 is reconstructed from the components of the sheet 21 in the laminate. The laminate may also be heated to volatilize the liquid agent 22. After the liquid agent 22 has volatilized, the coating layer 12, reconstructed from at least a portion of the sheet 21, is obtained on the base material 10. The electromagnetic functional layer 13 is sandwiched between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12.

[0034] In step S20, which dissolves the sheet 21, instead of impregnating the sheet 21 with the liquid agent 22 as described above, the sheet 21 may be dissolved by bringing the vapor of the liquid agent 22 into contact with the sheet 21. In that case, in step S30, which forms the coating layer 12, the laminate described above is left standing in the atmosphere with the supply of vapor to the sheet 21 stopped, that is, without supplying any new components of the liquid agent 22 to the sheet 21. By doing so, the components of the liquid agent 22 remaining in the dissolved sheet 21 are volatilized. The laminate may be heated to volatilize the components of the liquid agent 22. As the components of the liquid agent 22 in the dissolved sheet 21 decrease, the coating layer 12 is reconstructed from the components of the sheet 21 in the laminate.

[0035] Figures 2 and 3 show an example in which the first surface 101 of the substrate 10 is covered with the coating layer 12, but the second surface 102 of the substrate 10 may also be covered with the coating layer 12. Figure 5 is an example of a structure 50 in which the coating layer 12 covers the second surface 102 of the substrate 10. Alternatively, both the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the substrate 10 may be covered with the coating layer 12.

[0036] Next, the operation and effects of this embodiment will be described. According to this embodiment, a sheet 21 on which the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is formed is dissolved with a liquid agent 22, and the liquid agent 22 is volatilized to form a coating layer 12 reconstructed from at least a part of the sheet 21 on the substrate 10. In this way, a structure 50 is obtained in which the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is protected by the coating layer 12. Consequently, damage and peeling of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 can be suppressed.

[0037] (Second embodiment) The structure of the structure 50 according to the second embodiment is illustrated in Figure 3. Figure 6 is a plan view illustrating the structure of the structure 50 according to this embodiment. Figure 3 corresponds to section AA in Figure 6. Figure 5 is another example of the structure 50 according to this embodiment.

[0038] The structure 50 is a structure that can be worn so as to be in contact with the eyeball. The structure 50 comprises a base material 10, a coating layer 12, and an electromagnetic functional layer 13. The base material 10 has a first surface 101 which is convex, and a second surface 102 which is concave and is the surface opposite to the first surface 101. The coating layer 12 covers at least one of the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the base material 10. The electromagnetic functional layer 13 is located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12. The base material 10 and the coating layer 12 are made of different materials.

[0039] In the structure 50, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12. Therefore, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is protected between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12. In addition, other layers may be laminated between the base material 10 and the electromagnetic functional layer 13 in the structure 50. In the structure 50, other layers may be laminated on the outside of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 (on the opposite side from the base material 10).

[0040] The structure 50 may be a contact lens type wearable device. The functions of the wearable device are not particularly limited, but examples include augmented reality (AR), displays, visual enhancement functions such as telephoto lenses, measurement functions such as electrical signal measurement, biochemical signal measurement, and optical signal measurement, and disease treatment functions such as glaucoma treatment, cataract treatment, diabetic retinopathy treatment, and dry eye treatment.

[0041] In the examples in Figures 3 and 6, the base material 10 is circular when viewed with the line of sight parallel to the z-axis. In the example in Figure 3, the coating layer 12 covers at least a portion of the first surface 101 of the base material 10. In the example in Figure 5, the coating layer 12 covers at least a portion of the second surface 102 of the base material 10. As in Figure 3, when the coating layer 12 does not cover the second surface 102 of the base material 10, the user of the structure 50 can wear the structure 50 so that the second surface 102 of the base material 10 is in contact with the eyeball. On the other hand, as in Figure 5, when the coating layer 12 covers the second surface 102 of the base material 10, the user of the structure 50 may wear the structure 50 so that the coating layer 12 is in contact with the eyeball. It is preferable that the coating layer 12 does not cover the second surface 102 of the base material 10. Existing contact lenses can be used as an example of the base material 10.

[0042] The base material 10 is, for example, a resin. From the viewpoint of its proven track record as a contact lens material, the base material 10 preferably contains one or more selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, silicone, polydimethylsiloxane, poly(methacrylic acid), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), and hydrogel. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) is a specific example of hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The base material 10 is preferably flexible and preferably stretchable. From the viewpoint of ensuring visibility of the surroundings when worn on the eyeball, the light transmittance of the base material 10 is preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more, over a wavelength band of 400 nm to 800 nm.

[0043] The electromagnetic functional layer 13 may include, for example, one or more of the following: electromagnetic shielding, optical filter, circuit, sensor, and metasurface, antenna. The electromagnetic functional layer 13 may also be a conductive layer. If the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is a conductive layer, the coating layer 12 may also function as an insulating layer that electrically insulates at least a portion of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 from the outside or other layers. Alternatively, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be a resin layer containing optical functional particles. The electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be patterned into a specific shape. In the example in Figure 6, when viewed with the line of sight parallel to the z-axis, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 overlaps with the center of the substrate 10. The thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 500 μm or less from the viewpoint of miniaturizing the structure 50. From the viewpoint of strength, the thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is preferably 1 μm or more.

[0044] If the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic shielding layer that includes electromagnetic wave shielding, it is preferable that the electromagnetic functional layer 13 has a shielding performance of -1.0 dB or less, and more preferably -10 dB or less, against 6 GHz electromagnetic waves. The shielding performance is calculated as shielding performance (dB) = 20 × log(electric field strength after shielding / electric field strength before shielding), and the smaller the value, that is, the larger the absolute value of the negative value, the higher the shielding effect. If the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic shielding layer that includes electromagnetic wave shielding, it is possible to reduce the incidence of electromagnetic waves to the eyeball and protect the eyeball.

[0045] The electromagnetic shielding layer can be formed, for example, as an aggregate of conductive particles. As conductive particles, one or more materials can be used from the group consisting of two-dimensional materials such as MXene and graphene, and one-dimensional materials such as carbon nanotubes. MXene is as described in the first embodiment. When the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic shielding layer formed as an aggregate of conductive particles, the thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is preferably 0.5 μm or more, and more preferably 2 μm or more, from the viewpoint of improving shielding performance and reducing moisture permeability. When the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic shielding layer formed as an aggregate of conductive particles, the thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is preferably 6 μm or less, and more preferably 4 μm or less, from the viewpoint of ensuring transparency.

[0046] From the viewpoint of ensuring visibility of the surroundings when worn on the eyeball, it is preferable that the light transmittance of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is 50% or more, and more preferably 70% or more, in the wavelength band of 400 nm to 800 nm.

[0047] If the electromagnetic functional layer 13 includes an optical filter, the optical filter may be a filter for at least a portion of the wavelength bands of visible light (light with a wavelength of 360 nm to 830 nm), or a filter for at least a portion of the wavelength bands of ultraviolet light (light with a wavelength of 10 nm to 380 nm), or a filter for at least a portion of the wavelength bands of infrared light (light with a wavelength of 760 nm to 1 mm).

[0048] The coating layer 12 may be, for example, a resin. Preferably, the coating layer 12 contains one or more selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate, carboxymethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, acrylic, nylon, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. Such a coating layer 12 can be formed by the method according to the first embodiment. The thickness of the coating layer 12 is preferably 0.1 μm or more, and more preferably 1 μm or more, from the viewpoint of protecting the electromagnetic functional layer 13. From the viewpoint of miniaturizing the structure 50, the thickness of the coating layer 12 is preferably 100 μm or less, and more preferably 10 μm or less. From the viewpoint of ensuring visibility of the surroundings when worn on the eyeball, the light transmittance of the coating layer 12 over a wavelength band of 400 nm to 800 nm is preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.

[0049] The difference in material properties between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12 means that at least the combination of components contained in the base material 10 and the combination of components contained in the coating layer 12 are different. Preferably, the solubility of the coating layer 12 in at least one of the following solvents—water, acetone, ethyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, chloroform, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylene—is higher than the solubility of the base material 10 in that solvent. In that case, the structure 50 according to this embodiment can be manufactured by the method according to the first embodiment.

[0050] In the example shown in Figure 3, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 and the coating layer 12 are in contact in the lamination direction (z-axis direction). Also, the substrate 10 and the electromagnetic functional layer 13 are in contact in the lamination direction. However, other layers may be interposed between the electromagnetic functional layer 13 and the coating layer 12. Furthermore, other layers may be interposed between the substrate 10 and the electromagnetic functional layer 13.

[0051] It is preferable that the substrate 10 and the coating layer 12 are in contact with at least a portion of the outer circumference of the electromagnetic functional layer 13. This improves the adhesion between the coating layer 12 and the electromagnetic functional layer 13 to the substrate 10. Furthermore, it is even more preferable that the substrate 10 and the coating layer 12 are in contact with the entire outer circumference of the electromagnetic functional layer 13. This allows the electromagnetic functional layer 13 to be sealed by the coating layer 12. For example, if the electromagnetic functional layer 13 contains a material that is easily oxidized or a material that is easily absorbed by moisture, it is preferable to reduce contact between the electromagnetic functional layer 13 and the atmosphere by sealing it. However, the coating layer 12 does not necessarily have to be in contact with the substrate 10.

[0052] The coating layer 12 only needs to cover at least a portion of the surface of the base material 10; it does not need to cover the entire surface. While a portion of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 may be located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12, other portions may not be located between them. However, from the viewpoint of protecting the electromagnetic functional layer 13, it is preferable that the entire electromagnetic functional layer 13 is located between the base material 10 and the coating layer 12.

[0053] The structure 50 according to this embodiment can be obtained by the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment. However, the structure 50 may be manufactured by other methods.

[0054] Next, the operation and effects of this embodiment will be described. According to this embodiment, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is located between the substrate 10 and the coating layer 12. Therefore, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is protected by the coating layer 12, and damage to or peeling of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 can be suppressed.

[0055] (Third embodiment) Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the structure 50 according to the third embodiment. The structure 50 according to this embodiment is the same as the structure 50 according to the second embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0056] The structure 50 according to the third embodiment further comprises a circuit layer 14. In the structure 50 according to this embodiment, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic wave shielding layer. In the structure 50, the base material 10, the electromagnetic functional layer 13, the coating layer 12, and the circuit layer 14 are laminated in this order.

[0057] The structure 50 according to this embodiment can be manufactured by forming a circuit layer 14 on the coating layer 12 of the structure 50 according to the second embodiment by methods such as transfer or printing. The circuit layer 14 is a layer containing a circuit and may include conductive patterns such as wiring patterns. The circuit layer 14 may also include an antenna.

[0058] In the example shown in Figure 7, the structure 50 further comprises a protective layer 15. The substrate 10, electromagnetic functional layer 13, coating layer 12, circuit layer 14, and protective layer 15 are laminated in this order. The protective layer 15 is, for example, a resin. The substrate 10 and the protective layer 15 may be made of the same material or different materials. For example, the protective layer 15 can be formed by applying a resin composition to cover the circuit layer 14. It is preferable that the protective layer 15 and at least one of the coating layer 12 and the substrate 10 are in contact with at least a portion of the outer circumference of the circuit layer 14. This improves the adhesion between the circuit layer 14 and the protective layer 15 to the substrate 10. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the protective layer 15 and at least one of the coating layer 12 and the substrate 10 are in contact with the entire outer circumference of the circuit layer 14. This allows the circuit layer 14 to be sealed with the protective layer 15. However, the structure 50 according to this embodiment does not necessarily have to include a protective layer 15.

[0059] In the example shown in Figure 7, when viewed from a direction parallel to the z-axis, at least a portion of the electromagnetic functional layer 13 and at least a portion of the circuit layer 14 overlap. The electromagnetic functional layer 13 and the circuit layer 14 are electrically insulated from each other by the coating layer 12. Furthermore, other insulating films may be laminated between the electromagnetic functional layer 13 and the circuit layer 14.

[0060] The circuit layer 14 and protective layer 15 are not limited to the methods described above and may be formed by the method according to the first embodiment. That is, a laminate of the substrate 10, electromagnetic functional layer 13, and coating layer 12 prepared by some method can be used as the substrate, and the circuit layer 14 can be formed as the electromagnetic functional layer and the protective layer 15 as the coating layer.

[0061] Alternatively, the electromagnetic shielding layer (electromagnetic functional layer 13) may be used as the first electromagnetic functional layer, the coating layer 12 as the first coating layer, the circuit layer 14 as the second electromagnetic functional layer, and the protective layer 15 as the second coating layer, and the structure 50 may be manufactured by performing the flow shown in Figure 1 for two cycles. In this case, it is preferable that the materials of the coating layer 12 and the protective layer 15 are different from each other. It is also preferable that the liquid agent 22 used in the first cycle and the liquid agent 22 used in the second cycle are different from each other. By doing so, damage to the first coating layer when forming the second coating layer can be reduced.

[0062] Next, the operation and effects of this embodiment will be described. According to this embodiment, the same operation and effects as those of the second embodiment can be obtained. In addition, according to this embodiment, the electromagnetic functional layer 13 is an electromagnetic wave shielding layer, and the substrate 10, electromagnetic functional layer 13, coating layer 12, and circuit layer 14 are laminated in this order. Therefore, the effect of electromagnetic waves generated in the circuit layer 14 on the eyeball can be reduced by the electromagnetic functional layer 13. [Examples]

[0063] This embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the examples provided. However, this embodiment is not limited in any way to the examples described.

[0064] (Example 1) Structure A1 according to the second embodiment was fabricated using the method described in the first embodiment. Structure A1 had the structure shown in Figures 3 and 6, and included an electromagnetic shielding layer as an electromagnetic functional layer. The shielding performance of structure A1 was also evaluated. This will be explained in detail below.

[0065] To fabricate structure A1, a dispersion of MXene was prepared by dispersing it in water, and this dispersion was filtered through filter paper to form a conductive film (electromagnetic shielding layer) made of MXene on the filter paper. The filter paper was opaque white and contained cellulose. At this time, MXene was not attached to the edges of the filter paper, and the edges were exposed around the entire circumference of the filter paper, as shown in Figure 4.

[0066] The chemical formula M of MXene used n+1 X n T x In the given equation, M was Ti, X was C, and n was 2. The thickness of the filter paper was 1 μm. The thickness of the electromagnetic shielding layer was in the range of 1.0 μm to 2.0 μm.

[0067] Next, filter paper with an electromagnetic shielding layer was placed on a commercially available contact lens, which served as the substrate. At this time, the side with the electromagnetic shielding layer was positioned opposite the convex surface of the commercially available contact lens. When acetone was dropped onto the filter paper, the filter paper dissolved. After that, the contact lens was left to stand until the acetone evaporated, resulting in a structure A1 having a coating layer.

[0068] The commercially available contact lens was made of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). In structure A1, the thickness of the coating layer was 10 μm and it was colorless and transparent. The contact lens and the coating layer were in contact around the entire circumference outside the electromagnetic shielding layer.

[0069] Figures 8 and 9 show the results of evaluating structure A1. Structure A1 was placed over a pig's eyeball, and electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a power of 170 W were irradiated for 30 seconds using a microwave oven. As a comparative example, commercially available contact lenses without an electromagnetic shielding layer or coating layer were placed over a pig's eyeball, and electromagnetic waves were irradiated in the same manner. In Figure 8, the left image is a thermographic image before electromagnetic wave irradiation. A photograph is also shown in the lower left corner of the thermographic image. A pig's eyeball with structure A1 (left) and a pig's eyeball with a commercially available contact lens (right) were placed side by side. Immediately after electromagnetic wave irradiation, structure A1 and the commercially available contact lens were removed, and the temperature of the pig's eyeball was measured. In Figure 8, the right image is a thermographic image of a pig's eyeball immediately after electromagnetic wave irradiation. A photograph is also shown in the lower left corner of the thermographic image.

[0070] The right eyeball, which was covered with a commercially available contact lens, was heated to a high temperature of approximately 45°C. On the other hand, the temperature of the left eyeball, which was covered with structure A1, was lower than that of the right eyeball. Therefore, it was confirmed that electromagnetic waves were shielded by structure A1.

[0071] Furthermore, structure A1 was placed on glass and irradiated with electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a power of 170 W using a microwave oven for 30 seconds. As a comparative example, a commercially available contact lens without an electromagnetic shielding layer or coating layer was also placed on glass and irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the same manner. In Figure 9, the left image is a thermographic image before electromagnetic wave irradiation. A photograph is also shown in the lower left corner of the thermographic image. Structure A1 (left) and a commercially available contact lens (right) are placed side by side. After electromagnetic wave irradiation, the temperatures of structure A1 and the commercially available contact lens were measured. In Figure 9, the right image is a thermographic image of structure A1 and the commercially available contact lens immediately after electromagnetic wave irradiation. A photograph is also shown in the lower left corner of the thermographic image.

[0072] Structure A1 was heated to a high temperature of approximately 38°C. In contrast, the temperature of a commercially available contact lens was lower than that of structure A1 on the left. Therefore, it was confirmed that electromagnetic waves were absorbed by structure A1.

[0073] (Example 2) Structure B1 was fabricated in the same manner as structure A1 in Example 1. Structure B2 was fabricated in the same manner as structure A1 in Example 1, except that the thickness of the electromagnetic shielding layer was within the range of 3.0 μm to 4.0 μm. Structure B3 was also fabricated in the same manner as structure A1 in Example 1, except that the thickness of the electromagnetic shielding layer was within the range of 4.0 μm to 5.0 μm. As a comparative example, commercially available contact lenses without an electromagnetic shielding layer and a coating layer were used.

[0074] Figure 10 shows the experimental setup for evaluating moisture barrier properties. A sample 90 was placed in the opening of a vial 92 containing deionized water 93, and the gap between the vial 92 and the sample 90 was sealed with adhesive 91. The vial 92 was then heated on a hot plate 94 at 38°C. The amount of volatilization of deionized water 93 was evaluated using structures B1, B2, B3, and a commercially available contact lens as samples 90.

[0075] Figure 11 is a graph showing the results of evaluating the amount of deionized water 93 volatilized for each of the structures B1, B2, B3, and commercially available contact lenses. The horizontal axis of the graph represents the heating time, and the vertical axis represents the total weight of vial 92 and the deionized water 93 contained in vial 92. The absolute value of the slope of this graph corresponds to the rate of evaporation of water in vial 92. The slower the rate of evaporation of water in vial 92 (sample 90), the less the water in vial 92 evaporates, and therefore, the less dryness of the eyes when wearing it can be reduced.

[0076] The water evaporation rates calculated from the results shown in Figure 11 were 2.08 μl / h for commercially available contact lenses, 1.56 μl / h for structure B1, 1.25 μl / h for structure B2, and 0.89 μl / h for structure B3. It was confirmed that structures B1, B2, and B3 all evaporate water less easily than commercially available contact lenses.

[0077] (Example 3) Structure C1 was prepared in the same manner as structure B1 in Example 2, except that a colorless, transparent microscope slide was used as the substrate instead of a commercially available contact lens. Structure C2 was prepared in the same manner as structure B2 in Example 2, except that a colorless, transparent microscope slide was used as the substrate instead of a commercially available contact lens. Structure C3 was prepared in the same manner as structure B3 in Example 2, except that a colorless, transparent microscope slide was used as the substrate instead of a commercially available contact lens.

[0078] Figure 12 is a graph showing the results of measuring the light transmittance of the structures according to Example 3. As can be seen from the results shown in Figure 12, it was confirmed that the electromagnetic shielding layer of all structures had a light transmittance of 40% or more over a wavelength band of 400 nm to 800 nm. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the electromagnetic shielding layer of structures C2 and C1 had a light transmittance of 70% or more over a wavelength band of 400 nm to 800 nm.

[0079] The following shows the results of further experiments conducted to evaluate the function of each layer.

[0080] <Electromagnetic wave shielding performance evaluation> The shielding performance was measured using filter paper (before acetone was added) with an electromagnetic shielding layer formed in the same manner as in Example 2. Specifically, the sample was placed between a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, electromagnetic waves were transmitted from the transmitting antenna, and the received intensity by the receiving antenna was measured. In samples D1, D2, and D3, the thickness of the electromagnetic shielding layer was the same as the thickness of the electromagnetic shielding layer in structures B1, B2, and B3, respectively.

[0081] Figure 13 is a graph showing the results of the electromagnetic shielding performance evaluation. The vertical axis of the graph represents the shielding performance, and the horizontal axis represents the frequency of the electromagnetic waves. In Figure 13, "No Sample" represents the results measured with nothing placed between the antennas. In Figure 13, the dotted line represents the results measured with only filter paper (without an electromagnetic shielding layer) placed between the antennas.

[0082] As shown in Figure 13, it was confirmed that all three samples, D1, D2, and D3, possessed an electromagnetic shielding effect.

[0083] <Oxidation prevention performance evaluation> Multiple filter papers with an electromagnetic shielding layer formed in the same manner as in Example 1 were prepared as samples. The filter papers were then placed on a glass slide with the side with the electromagnetic shielding layer facing the cover glass. In one group of samples ("with acetone treatment"), acetone was dropped onto the filter paper. That is, the electromagnetic shielding layer was sealed between the glass slide and the coating layer. In the other group of samples ("without acetone treatment"), no acetone was dropped onto the filter paper, and it was left as is. The glass slides and samples were left standing in the air, and the change in the electrical resistance of the electromagnetic shielding layer over time was measured.

[0084] Figure 14 is a graph showing the change in the electrical resistance of the electromagnetic shielding layer over time. Without acetone treatment, the electrical resistance of the electromagnetic shielding layer increased with the passage of time. This is thought to be due to the oxidation of MXene, a component of the electromagnetic shielding layer, by oxygen in the atmosphere. On the other hand, when a coating layer was formed by acetone treatment, the electrical resistance of the electromagnetic shielding layer did not change. This suggests that the coating layer suppressed the oxidation of the electromagnetic shielding layer. For electromagnetic shielding layers containing MXene, it has been confirmed that the shielding effect is reduced when the resistance increases due to the oxidation of MXene. Therefore, protecting the electromagnetic shielding layer with a coating layer is useful.

[0085] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, but these are merely examples of the present invention, and various other configurations can be adopted. Furthermore, the embodiments described above can be combined to the extent that their contents do not conflict. [Explanation of symbols]

[0086] 10 Base material 12 Covering layer 13 Electromagnetic Functional Layer 14 circuit layers 15 Protective layer 21 sheets 22 Liquid formulations 50 structure 90 samples 91 Adhesive 92 vials 93 Deionized water 94 Hot Plate 101 Page 1 102 Side 2 210 Edge

Claims

1. A structure that can be worn so as to come into contact with the eyeball, A substrate having a first convex surface and a second concave surface on the opposite side of the first surface, A covering layer that covers at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the substrate, The system comprises an electromagnetic functional layer located between the substrate and the coating layer, The substrate and the coating layer are made of different materials. structure.

2. In the structure described in claim 1, The solubility of the coating layer in at least one of the following solvents is higher than that of the substrate in the aforementioned solvents: water, acetone, ethyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, chloroform, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylene. structure.

3. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, The thickness of the coating layer is 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. structure.

4. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, The coating layer comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate, carboxymethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, acrylic, nylon, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. structure.

5. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, The substrate comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, silicone, polydimethylsiloxane, poly(methacrylic acid), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), and hydrogel. structure.

6. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, The coating layer covers at least a portion of the first surface of the substrate. structure.

7. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, The aforementioned electromagnetic functional layer is an electromagnetic wave shielding layer. structure.

8. In the structure described in claim 7, It has a shielding performance of -1.0 dB or less against 6 GHz electromagnetic waves. structure.

9. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, The light transmittance of the electromagnetic functional layer is 50% or more over a wavelength band of 400 nm to 800 nm. structure.

10. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, The electromagnetic functional layer and the coating layer are in contact in the lamination direction. structure.

11. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, At least a portion of the outer periphery of the electromagnetic functional layer is in contact with the substrate and the coating layer. structure.

12. In the structure according to claim 1 or 2, With an additional circuit layer, The aforementioned electromagnetic functional layer is an electromagnetic wave shielding layer. The substrate, the electromagnetic functional layer, the coating layer, and the circuit layer are laminated in this order. structure.

13. A step of preparing a sheet on which an electromagnetic functional layer is formed on at least one surface, With the electromagnetic functional layer facing the substrate, the sheet is permeated with at least one of the liquid agent and the vapor of the liquid agent, thereby dissolving the sheet. The process includes forming a coating layer on the substrate that is reconstructed from at least a portion of the sheet, A method for manufacturing a structure.

14. In the method for manufacturing the structure described in claim 13, The aforementioned sheet is a porous sheet containing multiple fibers. A method for manufacturing a structure.

15. In the method for manufacturing the structure described in claim 14, The plurality of fibers are one or more selected from the group consisting of cellulose fibers and polymer fibers. A method for manufacturing a structure.

16. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to claim 13 or 14, The transmittance of light at a wavelength of 600 nm in the coating layer is higher than the transmittance of light at a wavelength of 600 nm in the sheet before at least one of the liquid agent and the vapor of the liquid agent is permeated through it. A method for manufacturing a structure.

17. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to claim 13 or 14, The thickness of the coating layer is 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. A method for manufacturing a structure.

18. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to claim 13 or 14, The liquid preparation comprises at least one of the following: water, acetone, ethyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, chloroform, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylene. A method for manufacturing a structure.

19. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to claim 13 or 14, In the step of preparing the sheet, the conductive particles are attached to the sheet by filtering the dispersion containing the conductive particles through the sheet. A method for manufacturing a structure.

20. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to claim 13 or 14, In the step of preparing the sheet, a sheet is prepared in which at least a portion of the edge of the sheet is exposed. A method for manufacturing a structure.

21. In the method for manufacturing the structure according to claim 13 or 14, The aforementioned structure can be worn so as to be in contact with the eyeball. A method for manufacturing a structure.

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