Door closer

Abstract

This easily and effectively prevents clogging of delayed-action flow channels. [Solution] The rotating door has a delayed action section in which a delayed action is performed by a delayed action flow path when the door is closing, and a main section following the delayed action section in which a main operation is performed at a faster closing speed than the delayed action. In the middle of the delayed action section, a sudden speed change operation is performed in which the closing speed rises from the closing speed of the delayed action and then drops back down to the closing speed of the delayed action. In the sudden speed change operation, the closing speed rises from the closing speed of the delayed action to the closing speed of the main operation, and then returns to the closing speed of the delayed action.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a door closer that performs a delayed action.

Background Art

[0002] There is a door closer that performs a delayed action (DA). DA is a control that allows the door to close slowly from the start of closing to a predetermined opening angle, and is for ensuring the passage of pedestrians and the like. In such DA, the hydraulic oil flows through the DA flow path. The hydraulic oil moves from the first chamber on the high-pressure side to the second chamber on the low-pressure side via the DA flow path.

[0003] The DA flow path has a small cross-sectional area to slow down the door closing speed. Therefore, the DA flow path is easily clogged even by small foreign matters. In Patent Document 1 below, a filter for filtering foreign matters is provided to prevent clogging of the flow path. However, there is a limit to preventing clogging of the flow path, and if the flow path is clogged with foreign matters, it cannot be removed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to easily and effectively prevent clogging of the delayed action flow path.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The door closer according to the present invention has a delayed action section in which a delayed action is performed by a delayed action flow path when a rotating door is closed, and in the middle of the delayed action section, a sudden speed change operation is performed in which the closing speed increases from the closing speed of the delayed action and then decreases to the closing speed of the delayed action.

[0007] In this configuration, the door closer performs a delayed action. During the delayed action section, the hydraulic fluid flows through the delayed action channel. Midway through the delayed action section, the door closer performs a sudden speed change. During the sudden speed change, the closing speed initially increases from the delayed action closing speed, and then decreases back to the delayed action closing speed. As the closing speed decreases to the delayed action closing speed, the door's inertia acts on the hydraulic fluid of the door closer, causing the hydraulic fluid pressure to increase rapidly. This prevents foreign matter from clogging the delayed action channel. Furthermore, even if foreign matter were to clog the delayed action channel, the rapid increase in hydraulic fluid pressure would push it out. In this way, the opening and closing of the door allows foreign matter in the delayed action channel to be flushed out each time it is opened or closed.

[0008] In particular, it is preferable to have a main section following a delayed action section, in which a main operation with a faster door closing speed than the delayed action is performed, and in the rapid speed change operation, the door closing speed increases from the door closing speed of the delayed action to the door closing speed of the main operation, and then returns to the door closing speed of the delayed action. With this configuration, in the rapid speed change operation, the door closing speed becomes faster than the door closing speed of the main operation, and then decreases from there to the original door closing speed of the delayed action. As a result, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the delayed action passage can be increased more rapidly, and foreign matter in the delayed action passage can be effectively removed.

[0009] Furthermore, the door closer according to the present invention is a door closer that performs a delayed action when a rotating door is closed, and comprises a housing that forms an oil chamber, a piston that divides the oil chamber into a first chamber which is on the high-pressure side during the closing operation and a second chamber which is on the low-pressure side during the closing operation and moves the oil chamber in a predetermined direction in conjunction with the door, and the housing has a delayed action passage that connects the first chamber and the second chamber for the delayed action, and a bypass passage that is provided separately from the delayed action passage and temporarily connects the first chamber and the second chamber during the delayed action.

[0010] In this configuration, during delayed action, the hydraulic fluid flows through the delayed action channel, but temporarily flows into the bypass channel as well. That is, if the bypass channel opens during delayed action, the hydraulic fluid will also flow into the bypass channel. When the hydraulic fluid flows into the bypass channel, the door closing speed increases sharply. Then, when the bypass channel closes, the hydraulic fluid returns to flowing only through the delayed action channel. As a result, the door closing speed decreases sharply. When the bypass channel closes and the door closing speed decreases sharply, the inertia of the door acts on the piston, rapidly pressurizing the hydraulic fluid in the first chamber, causing the pressure in the first chamber to increase sharply. This sharp increase in pressure in the first chamber causes the rapidly pressurized hydraulic fluid to attempt to flow through the delayed action channel, thereby preventing blockage of foreign matter in the delayed action channel and, even if foreign matter is already blocking the delayed action channel, it can be pushed out.

[0011] In particular, it is preferable that the bypass channel connects the first and second chambers when the door opening angle is near 90 degrees. With this configuration, since the door opening angle is near 90 degrees when the closing speed changes abruptly, the abrupt change in closing speed is less likely to obstruct the passage of pedestrians, etc. Moreover, since the opening angle when the closing speed changes abruptly is set to a smaller opening angle than the opening angle at which the door is opened relatively frequently, the frequency of removing foreign objects by opening and closing the door can be increased, and the foreign object removal function can be performed even if the door can only be opened to about 100 degrees due to the influence of walls, etc.

[0012] Furthermore, it is preferable that the angle range of the door when the bypass channel connects the first and second chambers be 10 degrees or less. With this configuration, because the connecting section of the bypass channel is small (10 degrees or less), passersby are less likely to feel any discomfort from the sudden change in the closing speed, and it can be used with the same ease of use as when only delayed action is performed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] As described above, the opening and closing of the door prevents foreign matter from clogging the delayed action channel, and even if foreign matter does clog the delayed action channel, it can be pushed out of the delayed action channel. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] A cross-sectional view of the door closer body in one embodiment of the present invention, with the door opening angle at 0 degrees (fully closed), as seen from the planar side. [Figure 2] Left side view of the same unit. [Figure 3] Cross-sectional view AA in Figure 1. [Figure 4] The image shows the piston of the main body, with (a) being an external view of the main part before the packing is installed, (b) being an external view of the main part after the packing is installed, (c) being a cross-sectional view of the main part, and (d) being a cross-sectional view of the main part when installed in the housing. [Figure 5] A cross-sectional view of the main body showing the state when the door begins to close. [Figure 6] A cross-sectional view of the main body showing the state just before the bypass channel opens. [Figure 7] A cross-sectional view of the main body showing the state when the bypass channel is open. [Figure 8] A cross-sectional view of the main body showing the state when the bypass channel is closed. [Figure 9] A cross-sectional view of the main body showing the state when the main flow path is open. [Figure 10]Principal cross-sectional view showing the state when the sub-channel in the main body is open. [Figure 11] Principal cross-sectional view showing the state when the door in the main body is closed. [Figure 12] Conceptual diagram showing each operation section when the door used with the door closer closes. [Figure 13] Schematic diagram showing the relationship between the channel communication section of the door closer and the door closing speed.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Hereinafter, a door closer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13. The door closer is used for a rotatable door. The door is rotatably attached to a door frame via a hinge. The door rotates horizontally about a vertical axis. The axial direction of the rotation axis of the door is taken as the vertical direction, and the normal direction with respect to the surface of the door is taken as the front-rear direction. Also, the left-right direction is a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the door and is a direction connecting the door bottom side close to the rotation axis of the door and the door tip side far from the rotation axis.

[0016] The door closer includes a main body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a link mechanism and a bracket not shown. The main body 1 is attached to the door or the door frame. In this embodiment, the case where it is attached to the door will be described. The main body 1 is attached at the upper part of the front surface of the door, near the hinge, via a mounting plate not shown. In FIG. 1, the upper side of the paper surface is the door side and the back side, and the lower side of the paper surface is the front side opposite to the door. A bracket is attached to the upper frame of the door frame. The link mechanism connects the main body 1 and the door frame via the bracket.

[0017] <Main body 1> The main body 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is elongated in the left-right direction. The main body 1 comprises a housing 2 that forms an oil chamber, a main shaft 3 that rotates around an axis in the vertical direction as the door rotates, a pinion gear 4 provided on the main shaft 3 and rotating integrally with the main shaft 3, a piston 6 that has a rack 5 that engages with the pinion gear 4 and reciprocates in the left-right direction within the oil chamber of the housing 2, and a spring that applies a closing force to the main shaft 3. The housing 2 is attached to the door via the aforementioned mounting plate. The housing 2 is elongated in the left-right direction and has openings at both its left and right ends. The openings at both the left and right ends are closed by end caps 7.

[0018] The internal space of housing 2 is an oil chamber, which is filled with hydraulic fluid. The oil chamber is long in the left-right direction and has a mostly circular cross-section. The oil chamber is divided into two chambers by piston 6. In Figure 1, the chamber on the left is the first chamber 11, which becomes the high-pressure chamber when the door is closed. In Figure 1, the chamber on the right is the second chamber 12, which becomes the low-pressure chamber when the door is closed. A cover 13 is attached to the front of housing 2.

[0019] The spindle 3 has an axis running vertically. The spindle 3 is rotatably supported in the housing 2. The upper end of the spindle 3 protrudes upward from the upper surface of the housing 2, and a link mechanism is connected to this upper end. The pinion gear 4 may be integrally formed with the spindle 3 or may be a separate component. As shown in Figure 1, the spindle 3 is positioned offset to the rear of the housing 2.

[0020] The piston 6 is made of metal and is cylindrical in shape overall. The piston 6 has a cylindrical first head portion 21 located to the left of the main shaft 3 that divides the oil chamber into a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12, a cylindrical second head portion 22 located to the right of the main shaft 3 that receives spring force from a spring, and an arm portion 23 that connects the first head portion 21 and the second head portion 22 from left to right. The first head portion 21 and the second head portion 22 slide against the inner circumferential surface of the housing 2 and move in the left-right direction. The piston 6 moves to the right when the door opens and to the left when the door closes. Figure 1 shows the door in the fully closed state.

[0021] The first head portion 21 is located at the left end of the piston 6, and the second head portion 22 is located at the right end of the piston 6. The first head portion 21 and the second head portion 22 each have through holes that penetrate in the axial direction (left-right direction), and a valve 24 is positioned in these through holes. When the door opens, the valve 24 opens the through hole to allow the passage of hydraulic fluid, and when the door closes, it closes the through hole to prevent the passage of hydraulic fluid. A filter 25 for removing foreign matter is positioned in the through hole of the first head portion 21.

[0022] As shown in Figure 4, an annular groove 26 is formed in the first head portion 21, and an annular resin inner packing 27 and outer packing 28 are fitted into the annular groove 26. Figure 4(a) shows the state without the inner packing 27 and outer packing 28 fitted, and Figures 4(b) and (c) show the state with the inner packing 27 and outer packing 28 fitted. Note that in Figure 4(b), the outer packing 28 is shown with numerous dots, and the same is done in Figures 5 to 11. In this embodiment, two packings, inner and outer, are provided, but one packing may be used. Before being fitted to the piston 6, the outer packing 28 has a rectangular cross-section, and the inner packing 27 has a circular cross-section. The outer packing 28 is superimposed on the radially outer side of the inner packing 27. The inner packing 27 is fitted to the bottom surface of the annular groove 26. As shown in Figure 4(c), the inner packing 27 becomes slightly elliptical in cross-sectional view when mounted on the piston 6. As shown in Figures 4(b) and (c), the outer circumferential surface of the outer packing 28 protrudes slightly radially outward from the outer circumferential surface of the first head portion 21 when mounted on the piston 6. Figure 4(d) shows the state when mounted on the housing 2. When the piston 6 is mounted on the housing 2, the inner packing 27 and the outer packing 28 are pushed radially inward by the piston sliding surface 2a of the housing 2. The outer circumferential surface of the outer packing 28 becomes flush with the piston sliding surface 2a of the housing 2, and the inner packing 27 further elastically deforms into an elliptical shape in cross-sectional view. The inner packing 27 presses the outer packing 28 radially outward with its elastic restoring force, causing the outer circumferential surface of the outer packing 28 to be in close contact with the piston sliding surface 2a of the housing 2.

[0023] The arm portion 23 extends along the left-right direction. Only one arm portion 23 is provided on the front side. A rack 5 is formed on the arm portion 23. The arm portion 23 is located in front of the main shaft 3, and the rack 5 is formed on the side of the arm portion 23 facing the main shaft 3, i.e., the back side. The rack 5 protrudes toward the rear. The front (front surface) of the rack 5 is a curved surface and faces the inner circumferential surface of the housing 2.

[0024] The spring is located to the right of the piston 6. The spring may be a single spring, but in this embodiment it consists of two springs: a main spring 29 and a sub-spring 30. The spring is a coil spring. The spring is compressed when the door opens. The main spring 29 and the sub-spring 30 are arranged coaxially, with the sub-spring 30 having a smaller diameter than the main spring 29 and positioned radially inward of the main spring 29. The spring and the piston 6 are also arranged coaxially. The centerlines of the spring and the piston 6 are on the same line and coincide with the centerline 14 of the oil chamber. In a plan view, the main shaft 3 is positioned rearward of the centerline 14 of the oil chamber.

[0025] The housing 2 has a flow path formed to deliver hydraulic fluid from the high-pressure side first chamber 11 to the low-pressure side second chamber 12 when the door closes. The flow path is configured to control the door closing speed by controlling the flow resistance of the hydraulic fluid flowing through the flow path. Multiple flow paths are provided, and the entire angular range from fully open to fully closed is divided into multiple angular ranges (sections) for control. This will be explained in detail below.

[0026] Figure 12 conceptually illustrates the range of movement when a door closes from a fully open state to a fully closed state. For example, the fully open state is described as having an opening angle of 140 degrees. The closing operation can be broadly divided into three sections. That is, the entire angular range is divided sequentially toward the closing side into a delayed action section 100, in which a delayed action is performed within a predetermined angular range from the fully open state (140 degrees); a main section 101, which follows and performs the main operation, the primary door closing operation; and a sub-section 102, which follows and performs the closing operation up to the fully closed state (0 degrees). Hereafter, the delayed action will be simply referred to as DA, and the delayed action section 100 will be referred to as the DA section 100. In this embodiment, there is no latching section for latching, but if a latching section is provided, it will be provided after the sub-section 102. In that case, the entire angular range will be divided into four sections.

[0027] The closing speed in DA section 100 is defined as the DA speed, the closing speed in main section 101 is defined as the main speed, and the closing speed in sub section 102 is defined as the sub speed. DA is the action of slowly closing the door, and the DA speed is the slowest. DA section 100 is set to span 90 degrees. That is, DA section 100 is set to open angles smaller than 90 degrees. DA is released when the opening angle is between 60 and 75 degrees. Therefore, DA section 100 is set to open angles of approximately 70 degrees, for example. The time required for the door to close from 90 degrees to the angle at which DA is released can be set to 10 seconds or more by the speed control valve 31, which will be described later.

[0028] The main speed is faster than the DA speed and faster than the sub-speed. Main section 101 starts with an opening angle smaller than 90 degrees. Sub-section 102 is the section where the closing motion is slow at the end of closing. The sub-speed is slower than the main speed and faster than the DA speed. Main section 101 is longer than sub-section 102.

[0029] Furthermore, a speed change section 103 is provided in the middle of the DA section 100. The speed change section 103 is a part of the DA section in which a speed change operation is performed. A speed change operation is an operation in which the door closing speed increases from the DA speed and then decreases back to the DA speed. In the speed change section 103, the door closing speed increases sharply and then decreases sharply. That is, when the speed change section 103 begins, the door closing speed increases sharply from the DA speed, and when the speed change section 103 ends, the door closing speed decreases sharply back to the DA speed. In the speed change operation, the door closing speed increases to a speed faster than the main speed. After that, the door closing speed immediately decreases back to the DA speed.

[0030] The abrupt speed change operation takes place in the middle of the DA section. Therefore, the abrupt speed change section 103 is set to be on the closing side of the starting point of the DA section 100 and on the opening side of the ending point of the DA section 100. Since the abrupt speed change section 103 is set in the middle of the DA section 100, it is shorter than the DA section 100 and also shorter than the main section 101. The abrupt speed change section 103 is set near the 90-degree opening angle, preferably straddling the 90-degree opening angle. That is, it is preferable that the starting point of the abrupt speed change section 103 is on the opening side of 90 degrees, and the ending point of the abrupt speed change section 103 is on the closing side of 90 degrees.

[0031] The aforementioned flow paths are provided for controlling the closing speed in each of these sections. Accordingly, the housing 2 is provided with a DA flow path 40 for DA, a main flow path 50 for the main operation which is the main door closing operation, and a sub-flow path 60 for the closing operation. Furthermore, separate from these flow paths, a bypass flow path 70 is provided for abrupt speed changes.

[0032] The DA passage 40 has two openings that communicate with the oil chamber. The two openings are located in the wall surface of the oil chamber. The two openings of the DA passage 40 are referred to as the first DA opening 41 and the second DA opening 42. When the door opens, the direction in which the piston 6 moves is referred to as the opening side, and when the door closes, the direction in which the piston 6 moves is referred to as the closing side. In Figure 1, the opening side is on the right side, and the closing side is on the left side. The first DA opening 41 is on the closing side, and the second DA opening 42 is on the opening side. The first DA opening 41 opens into the piston sliding surface 2a on the inner wall surface of the housing 2, where the piston 6 slides, while the second DA opening 42 opens into the part of the inner wall surface of the housing 2 where the piston 6 does not slide. Therefore, the second DA opening 42 is not closed by the piston 6 and is always open regardless of the opening and closing operation of the door.

[0033] As shown in Figure 5, the DA flow path 40 extends radially outward from the housing 2 from the first DA opening 41, which is the closed opening, then changes direction and extends a predetermined length in the left-right direction toward the open side, and then changes direction again downward and extends further. The portion of the total length of the DA flow path 40 that extends in the left-right direction is called the DA horizontal section 43, and the portion that extends in the up-down direction is called the DA vertical section 44. From the DA vertical section 44, the DA flow path 40 further extends toward the oil chamber as shown by the dashed line in Figure 5, and communicates with the oil chamber at the second DA opening 42, which is the open opening. As shown in Figure 3, a speed control valve 31 is provided in the DA flow path 40. The DA flow path 40 is a variable-speed flow path in which the speed control valve 31 is located. The speed control valve 31 is provided in the DA vertical section 44 of the DA flow path 40.

[0034] The main passage 50 has two openings that communicate with the oil chamber. The two openings are located in the wall of the oil chamber. The two openings of the main passage 50 are referred to as the first main opening 51 and the second main opening 52. The first main opening 51 is on the closed side, and the second main opening 52 is on the open side. Both the first main opening 51 and the second main opening 52 are located in the piston sliding surface 2a of the housing 2.

[0035] As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the main flow path 50 extends radially outward from the housing 2 from the first main opening 51, which is the closed opening, then changes direction and extends a predetermined length in the left-right direction toward the open side, and then changes direction further radially inward from the housing 2 and extends, communicating with the oil chamber at the second main opening 52, which is the open opening. The portion of the main flow path 50 that extends in the left-right direction is called the main horizontal section 53. As shown in Figure 9, a speed control valve 31 is provided in the main flow path 50. The main flow path 50 is a variable-speed flow path in which the speed control valve 31 is located. The speed control valve 31 is provided in the main horizontal section 53 of the main flow path 50. The main flow path 50 is located below the DA horizontal section 43 of the DA flow path 40. Also, as shown in Figure 9, the first main opening 51 is located on the closed side of the first DA opening 41, and the second main opening 52 is located on the open side of the first DA opening 41.

[0036] The sub-flow channel 60 has two openings that communicate with the oil chamber. The two openings are located in the wall of the oil chamber. The two openings of the sub-flow channel 60 are referred to as the first sub-opening 61 and the second sub-opening 62. The first sub-opening 61 is on the closed side, and the second sub-opening 62 is on the open side. Both the first sub-opening 61 and the second sub-opening 62 are located in the piston sliding surface 2a.

[0037] As shown in Figure 10, the sub-flow channel 60 extends radially outward from the housing 2 from the first sub-opening 61, which is the closed opening, then changes direction and extends a predetermined length in the left-right direction toward the open side, and then changes direction again radially inward from the housing 2 and extends, communicating with the oil chamber at the second sub-opening 62, which is the open opening. The portion of the sub-flow channel 60 that extends in the left-right direction is called the sub-horizontal section 63. As shown in Figure 10, a speed control valve 31 is provided in the sub-flow channel 60. The sub-flow channel 60 is a variable-speed flow channel in which the speed control valve 31 is located. The speed control valve 31 is located in the sub-horizontal section 63 of the sub-flow channel 60. As shown in Figure 2, the speed control valve 31 of the main flow channel 50 and the speed control valve 31 of the sub-flow channel 60 are arranged vertically side by side, and both can be adjusted from the left side of the housing 2.

[0038] Furthermore, the sub-horizontal section 63 of the sub-channel 60 is on the same line as and connected to the DA horizontal section 43 of the DA channel 40. The sub-horizontal section 63 and the DA horizontal section 43 constitute a single continuous opening. The first sub-opening 61 is on the closed side of the first main opening 51. The second sub-opening 62 is common to the first DA opening 41. That is, the second sub-opening 62 and the first DA opening 41 are the same opening.

[0039] The bypass passage 70 has two openings that communicate with the oil chamber. The two openings are located in the wall of the oil chamber. The two openings of the bypass passage 70 are referred to as the first bypass opening 71 and the second bypass opening 72. The first bypass opening 71 is on the closed side, and the second bypass opening 72 is on the open side. Both the first bypass opening 71 and the second bypass opening 72 are located in the piston sliding surface 2a.

[0040] As shown in Figures 5 to 7, the bypass passage 70 extends radially outward from the housing 2 from the first bypass opening 71, which is the closed opening, then changes direction and extends a predetermined length in the left-right direction toward the open side, and then changes direction further radially inward from the housing 2 and extends until it communicates with the oil chamber at the second bypass opening 72, which is the open opening. The portion of the bypass passage 70 that extends in the left-right direction is called the bypass horizontal section 73. The bypass passage 70 is not provided with a speed control valve 31. Therefore, the bypass passage 70 is a fixed-speed passage without a speed control valve 31. The bypass horizontal section 73 of the bypass passage 70, the main horizontal section 53 of the main passage 50, the sub-horizontal section 63 of the sub-passage 60, and the DA horizontal section 43 of the DA passage 40 are positioned circumferentially offset from each other with respect to the centerline of the piston 6. Both the first bypass opening 71 and the second bypass opening 72 are located on the open side of the first DA opening 41. The bypass channel 70 preferably connects the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 when the door opening angle is near 90 degrees, and preferably it is set to connect the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 in an angular range that straddles the 90-degree opening angle. Furthermore, it is preferable that the angular range in which the bypass channel 70 connects the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 is set to 10 degrees or less. Therefore, it is preferable that the connecting section of the bypass channel 70 is an angular range of 10 degrees or less that straddles the 90-degree opening angle.

[0041] The cross-sectional areas of each channel have the following relationship. Note that the cross-sectional area of ​​a channel is the cross-sectional area at the narrowest point in the channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the DA channel 40 is the smallest, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sub-channel 60 is the next largest, the cross-sectional area of ​​the main channel 50 is the next largest, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the bypass channel 70 is the largest. In other words, the relationship is: cross-sectional area of ​​DA channel 40 < cross-sectional area of ​​sub-channel 60 < cross-sectional area of ​​main channel 50 < cross-sectional area of ​​bypass channel 70. Note that speed control valves 31 are provided in the DA channel 40, main channel 50, and sub-channel 60, but in normal use they are set to maintain the above relationship. Furthermore, even if the speed control valve 31 of the DA channel 40 is set to its maximum, the relationship remains: cross-sectional area of ​​DA channel 40 < cross-sectional area of ​​bypass channel 70. Similarly, even if the speed control valve 31 of the main channel 50 is set to its maximum, the relationship remains: cross-sectional area of ​​main channel 50 < cross-sectional area of ​​bypass channel 70.

[0042] Next, the operation of the door when it closes will be explained sequentially from the fully open state to the fully closed state, referring to Figures 5 to 11. Note that in Figures 5 to 11, only the first head portion 21 of the piston 6 is shown in the external view. Also, the arrows in the figures indicate the flow of hydraulic fluid.

[0043] Figure 5 shows the state when the door begins to close from the fully open position. The hydraulic fluid in the first chamber 11 moves from the first DA opening 41 through the DA flow path 40 to the second chamber 12 through the second DA opening 42. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the DA flow path 40 is small, the door closes slowly at the DA speed. That is, DA is performed over a predetermined angular range from the fully open position.

[0044] Figure 6 shows the state immediately before the abrupt speed change operation begins. In other words, it shows the state just before the bypass passage 70 opens. In this state, the first bypass opening 71 is not blocked by the first head portion 21 of the piston 6 and is in an open state. On the other hand, the second bypass opening 72 is closed by the first head portion 21, but opens immediately afterward. The abrupt speed change operation is set for the latter half of the DA section 100.

[0045] Figure 7 shows the state when the bypass passage 70 is open. The first bypass opening 71 and the second bypass opening 72 are not blocked by the first head section 21 and are both open. The hydraulic fluid in the first chamber 11 moves to the second chamber 12 through the bypass passage 70. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the bypass passage 70 is much larger than that of the DA passage 40, even though the DA passage 40 is in communication, due to the difference in flow resistance, the hydraulic fluid effectively flows through the bypass passage 70. As the hydraulic fluid flows through the bypass passage 70, the door closing speed increases sharply from the DA speed and rises rapidly to a speed that exceeds the main speed. However, the time and angular range in which the door closes at a closing speed exceeding the main speed is very short.

[0046] Figure 8 shows the state at the timing when the bypass passage 70 is closed. At this timing, the first bypass opening 71 is closed by the first head section 21, and the bypass passage 70 becomes closed. The hydraulic fluid can no longer flow through the bypass passage 70, and the hydraulic fluid in the first chamber 11 is directed towards the DA passage 40, which has high flow resistance. Up until now, the door had been closing at a high speed because the bypass passage 70 was open, but with the closure of the bypass passage 70, the flow resistance of the hydraulic fluid flowing from the first chamber 11 to the second chamber 12 increases dramatically, and the closing speed decreases sharply. As a result, the inertia of the door during the closing operation acts on the piston 6 via the main shaft 3, and the hydraulic fluid in the first chamber 11 is rapidly pressurized by the piston 6. The pressure in the first chamber 11 is rapidly increased, and this increased hydraulic fluid pressure acts on the DA passage 40, and in particular acts on the throttling portion of the speed control valve 31 of the DA passage 40. Therefore, it is possible to prevent clogging of the throttle portion of the speed control valve 31 in the DA flow path 40 with foreign matter such as metal powder. Furthermore, even if foreign matter does clog the throttle portion of the speed control valve 31 in the DA flow path 40, the rapidly increased pressure of the hydraulic fluid can push the foreign matter towards the second chamber 12, thereby clearing the blockage in the DA flow path 40.

[0047] After this sudden change in speed, the system returns to DA mode, and the closing speed remains constant at the DA speed until the opening angle reaches approximately 70 degrees. Subsequently, the system transitions from DA section 100 to main section 101, switching from DA mode to main mode.

[0048] Figure 9 shows the state when the main operation is being performed. The first head portion 21 of the piston 6 is located between the first main opening 51 and the second main opening 52. Both the first main opening 51 and the second main opening 52 are open, and the main flow path 50 is in communication. The hydraulic fluid in the first chamber 11 flows to the second chamber 12 through the main flow path 50, although the DA flow path 40 is in communication. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the main flow path 50 is large, the door closes to the very end at a main speed that is faster than the DA speed. After the state shown in Figure 9, if the first head portion 21 of the piston 6 moves further towards the closing side, there is a timing when the first head portion 21 closes the first DA opening 41. Even in that state, the first sub-opening 61 is open, so the DA flow path 40 is in communication. However, as mentioned above, although the DA flow path 40 is in a connected state, due to the difference in flow resistance, the hydraulic fluid in the first chamber 11 effectively flows through the main flow path 50 to the second chamber 12.

[0049] Figure 10 shows the state of the sub-section 102 as it is nearing closing. The first main opening 51 is closed by the first head portion 21 of the piston 6, and the main passage 50 is closed. The first head portion 21 of the piston 6 is located between the first sub-opening 61 and the second sub-opening 62 (common with the first DA opening 41), and both the first sub-opening 61 and the second sub-opening 62 are open. Although the sub-passage 60 is open and the DA passage 40 is also open, the hydraulic fluid in the first chamber 11 effectively flows through the sub-passage 60 to the second chamber 12. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the sub-passage 60 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the main passage 50, the door closes at a sub-speed that is slower than the main speed, resulting in the fully closed state shown in Figure 11. When fully closed, the end face of the first head portion 21 of the piston 6 contacts the end cap 7.

[0050] Figure 13 shows a conceptual diagram of the communication sections and closing speeds of each flow path. As described above, in this embodiment, the door begins to close from 140 degrees. In DA mode, the door closes at DA speed S1; in main operation mode, the door closes at main speed S2; and in sub-operation mode, the door closes at sub-speed S3. In rapid speed change operation, the door rises from DA speed S1 to maximum speed S4, then immediately descends back to the original DA speed S1.

[0051] As described above, in the door closer of this embodiment, a sudden speed change operation is performed temporarily during the execution of DA, so high pressure is instantaneously applied to the DA channel 40 when the closing speed drops sharply. Therefore, blockage of foreign matter in the DA channel 40 can be prevented by performing normal opening and closing operations. Furthermore, even if foreign matter does block the DA channel 40, it can be pushed out of the DA channel 40, and the blockage of the DA channel 40 can be cleared by opening and closing the door without disassembling the main body 1.

[0052] Furthermore, since the sudden speed change operation is performed only for a short time before returning to DA, pedestrians are less likely to notice any discomfort, and the user experience is the same as under normal conditions. This is particularly preferable when the connecting section of the bypass channel 70 has an angle range of 10 degrees or less, as there is almost no sense of discomfort.

[0053] Furthermore, in the case of abrupt speed changes, if the door closing speed becomes faster than the main speed, the door closing speed can be rapidly reduced to the original DA speed. As a result, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the DA passage 40 can be increased even more rapidly, and foreign matter in the DA passage 40 can be effectively removed.

[0054] Furthermore, if the connecting section of the bypass channel 70 is set to an opening angle of nearly 90 degrees, it is less likely to obstruct passage, and since the sudden speed change operation is performed at an opening angle smaller than the opening angle that is normally frequently used, blockage of the DA channel 40 can be effectively prevented and resolved by the normal opening and closing operation of the door.

[0055] Furthermore, it is preferable that the bypass passage 70 is a fixed-speed passage without a speed control valve 31. By making the bypass passage 70 a fixed-speed passage, the structure can be simplified, and the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can be easily and rapidly increased and decreased. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0056] 1 Main unit 2 Housing 2a Piston sliding surface 3 main axis 4 pinion gear 5 racks 6 pistons 7 End caps 11 Room 1 12 Room 2 13 Cover 14 Centerline of the oil chamber 21 First Head Section 22 Second Head Section 23 Arm 24 valves 25 Filters 26 Annular groove 27 Inner packing 28 Outer packing 29 Main spring 30 Sub-springs 31 Speed ​​control valve 40 DA channel 41. First DA opening 42 2nd DA opening 43 DA horizontal section 44 DA vertical section 50 Main channel 51. First Main Opening 52. Second Main Opening 53 Main horizontal section 60 Subchannels 61 First sub-opening 62 Second sub-opening 63 Sub-horizontal section 70 Bypass channel 71 First Bypass Opening 72 Second Bypass Opening 73 Bypass horizontal section 100 DA section 101 Main section 102 Sub-section 103 Sections with sudden speed changes

Claims

1. A door closer having a delayed action section that performs a delayed action by a delayed action channel when a rotating door closes, A door closer that performs a sudden speed change operation in the middle of the delayed action section, where the closing speed briefly increases from the delayed action closing speed before decreasing back down to the delayed action closing speed.

2. Following the delayed action section, there is a main section in which a main operation is performed that has a faster door closing speed than the delayed action. The door closer according to claim 1, wherein in a sudden speed change operation, the closing speed increases from the closing speed of the delayed action beyond the closing speed of the main action, and then returns to the closing speed of the delayed action.

3. A door closer that performs a delayed action when a rotating door closes, A housing that forms an oil chamber, The oil chamber is divided into a first chamber that becomes high pressure when the door is closed and a second chamber that becomes low pressure when the door is closed, and a piston moves the oil chamber in a predetermined direction in conjunction with the door, Equipped with, A door closer, the housing of which has a delayed action channel that connects the first and second chambers for delayed action, and a bypass channel that is provided separately from the delayed action channel and temporarily connects the first and second chambers during delayed action.

4. The door closer according to claim 3, wherein the bypass channel connects the first chamber and the second chamber when the door opening angle is near 90 degrees.

5. The door closer according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the angle range of the door when the bypass flow path connects the first chamber and the second chamber is 10 degrees or less.

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