Novel carboxamide and sulfonamide pesticidal compounds.

Abstract

The compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1 and the agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of these compounds may be used as insecticides. [Formula 1] JPEG2026501744000117.jpg33161

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to pesticidally effective, especially insecticidally effective, carboxamide compounds, preferably substituted carboxamide compounds thereof, processes for their preparation, compositions containing the compounds, and their use for controlling animal pests, including arthropods, and especially insects. [Background technology]

[0002] WO 2021 / 153720 describes certain alkoxybenzoic acid amide derivatives.

[0003] Novel pesticidally effective carboxamide compounds have now been discovered. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The present invention therefore provides in a first aspect a compound of formula (I) [ka] (In the formula, X is CH or N; R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylsulfonyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl, any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyls containing one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; any of the aryl-C1-C3-alkyl contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; any of the C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, and 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, or C3-C6-cycloalkyl; any of the phenyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent, together with the carbon to which they are attached, a C3-C5-cycloalkyl group; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl; or R 5 and R 6 represent, together with the carbon to which they are attached, a C3-C5-cycloalkyl group; R 7 is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, phenyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein said cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, or C1-C3-haloalkyl; wherein any of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, and wherein said phenyl and any of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 8 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, C3-C5-cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 9 is selected from halogen or C1-C3-alkyl, or a salt or N-oxide thereof.

[0005] Surprisingly, it has been found that the novel compounds of formula (I) have an advantageous level of biological activity for protecting plants from insects or have excellent properties for use as pesticide active ingredients for practical purposes, such as better biological activity, a favorable activity spectrum, improved safety profile for above-ground and below-ground non-target organisms (such as fish, birds and bees), improved physicochemical properties, or increased biodegradability.In particular, it has been unexpectedly found that certain compounds of formula (I) can exhibit an advantageous safety profile for non-target arthropods, particularly pollinators such as honeybees, solitary bees and bumblebees.Most particularly, honeybees (Apis mellifera) are the most suitable.

[0006] Thus, according to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a composition comprising a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect, which may further comprise at least one additional active ingredient and / or an agrochemically acceptable diluent or carrier.

[0007] According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for the control and extermination of insects, mites, nematodes or molluscs which method comprises applying to the pest, the pest's habitat or to plants susceptible to attack by the pest an insecticidally, acaricidally, nematicidally or molluscicidally effective amount of a compound as defined in the first aspect or a composition as defined in the second aspect.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for protecting plant propagation material from attack by insects, mites, nematodes or mollusks, which method comprises treating the propagation material or the locus in which the propagation material is planted with an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect or a composition as defined in the second aspect.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the present invention makes available plant propagation material, such as seeds, which comprises, is treated with or has attached thereto a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect or a composition as defined in the second aspect.

[0010] The compounds of formula (I) having at least one basic center can form, for example, acid addition salts with strong inorganic acids, such as mineral acids, for example, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, hydrohalic acids, and the like, with strong organic carboxylic acids, for example, unsubstituted or halogen-substituted C1-C4 alkanecarboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, for example, saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, or phthalic acid, for example, hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example, ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, or benzoic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, for example, unsubstituted or halogen-substituted C1-C4 alkane or arylsulfonic acids, for example, methane or p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the like. Compounds of formula (I) having at least one acidic group can, for example, form salts with bases, for example mineral salts, for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or magnesium salts, or salts with ammonia or organic amines, for example morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, mono-, di- or tri-lower alkylamines, for example ethyl-, diethyl-, triethyl- or dimethylpropylamine, or mono-, di- or trihydroxy-lower alkylamines, for example mono-, di- or triethanolamine.

[0011] In each case, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are in free form, in oxidized form as N-oxides or in salt form, for example in agriculturally acceptable salt form.

[0012] N-oxides are the oxidized forms of tertiary amines or nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds, as described, for example, in the book "Heterocyclic N-oxides" by A. Albini and S. Pietra, CRC Press, Boca Raton 1991.

[0013] The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention also include the hydrates which may be formed during salt formation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] When a substituent is designated as "optionally substituted," it means that such substituent may be substituted with one or more of the same or different substituents, for example, 1, 2, or 3 R x It means that it may or may not have a substituent. For example, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with 1, 2 or 3 halogens includes -CH2Cl, -CHCl2, -CCl 3、 Examples include, but are not limited to, -CHF, -CHF, -CF, -CHCF, or -CFCH groups. As another example, C1-C6 alkoxy substituted with 1, 2, or 3 halogens includes, but is not limited to, CH2ClO-, CHCl2O-, CCl3O-, CH2FO-, CHF2O-, CF3O-, CF3CH2O-, or CH3CF2O- groups.

[0015] The term "halogen" or "halo" as used herein means fluorine (fluoro), chlorine (chloro), bromine (bromo) or iodine (iodo), preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine. Likewise, this applies to halogen in combination with other meanings, such as haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, and halocycloalkyl.

[0016] As used herein, amino refers to the group —NH 2 .

[0017] As used herein, cyano refers to a -CN group.

[0018] As used herein, the term "hydroxyl" or "hydroxy" refers to an --OH group.

[0019] As used herein, the term "carboxylic acid" refers to a -COOH group.

[0020] As used herein, "C1-C n The term "-alkyl" refers to a saturated straight or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to n carbon atoms bonded via any of the carbon atoms, such as any one of the following groups: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

[0021] As used herein, "C2-C n The term "-alkenyl" refers to a straight or branched alkenyl chain moiety having 2 to n carbon atoms and one or two double bonds, for example ethenyl, prop-1-enyl, but-2-enyl.

[0022] As used herein, "C2-C n The term "-alkynyl" refers to a straight or branched alkynyl chain moiety having 2 to n carbon atoms and one triple bond, for example, ethynyl, prop-2-ynyl, but-3-ynyl.

[0023] As used herein, "C3-C nThe term "cycloalkyl" refers to 3 to n-membered cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.

[0024] As used herein, "C1-C n The term "-alkoxy" refers to any one of a linear or branched saturated alkyl group having 1 to n carbon atoms (as defined above) attached through an oxygen atom, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, n-butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy, and 1,1-dimethylethoxy. As used herein, "C2-C n The term "-alkenyloxy" refers to a straight or branched saturated alkenyl chain having 1 to n carbon atoms (as defined above) attached via an oxygen atom.

[0025] As used herein, "C1-C n The term "-alkylsulfonyl" refers to a group of groups of the formula -S(O)R a (In the formula, R a are C1~C as generally defined above. n -alkyl group).

[0026] As used herein, "C1-C n -Alkylsulfonyl-C1-C n The term "-alkyl" refers to C1-C n -refers to an alkyl group (as defined above) substituted with an alkylsulfonyl group.

[0027] As used herein, "C1-C n -Alkoxy-C1~C n The term "-alkyl" refers to C1-C n -refers to an alkyl group (as defined above) substituted with an alkoxy group. Examples are methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxymethyl and propoxymethyl.

[0028] As used herein, "C3-C n-Cycloalkyl-C1-C n The term "-alkyl" refers to C3 to C n -refers to an alkyl group (as defined above) substituted with a cycloalkoxy group. Examples are cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopropylethyl. Similarly, "C3-C n -Halocycloalkyl-C1-C n The term "-alkyl" refers to an alkyl group substituted with a cycloalkyl group, where the cycloalkyl group is substituted with one or more of the same or different halogen atoms. Examples are 3,3-difluorobutylmethyl and 1-chlorocyclopropylmethyl.

[0029] As used herein, "C4-C n The term "-bicycloalkyl" refers to a cyclized non-aromatic bicyclic ring system containing two rings fused together (e.g., sharing two carbon atoms) and consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Examples are bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanyl, bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-6-yl, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-7-yl, bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-yl, bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-3-yl, octahydro-2-pentalenyl, and octahydro-1-pentalenyl.

[0030] As used herein, the term "heterocycloalkyl" or "heterocyclyl" refers to a stable 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring containing 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms / groups individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, S=O, and SO. Heterocyclyl groups can be attached to the remainder of the molecule through a carbon atom or a heteroatom. Examples of heterocyclyls include, but are not limited to, epoxide, aziridinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dioxolanyl, morpholinyl, oxazinanyl, oxetanyl, 1,1-dioxothiethan-3-yl, or δ-lactamyl. Heterocycloalkyl groups may be substituted on the heteroatoms and / or carbon atoms. The term "cyanoheterocycloalkyl" refers to a carbon atom on a heterocycloalkyl group that is substituted with a cyano group.

[0031] As used herein, "cyano-C1-C n The term "-alkyl" refers to a C1-C2 alkyl group having 1 to n carbon atoms (as defined above). n -alkyl groups, in which one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a cyano group, such as cyano-methyl, 2-cyano-ethyl, 2-cyano-propyl, 3-cyano-propyl, 1-(cyano-methyl)-2-ethyl, 1-(methyl)-2-cyano-ethyl, 4-cyanobutyl, etc. Similarly, "cyano-C3-C n The term "cycloalkyl" refers to a C3-C6 alkyl group in which one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a cyano group. n -cycloalkyl group, "cyano-C3-C n -Cycloalkyl-C1-C n The term "-alkyl" refers to cyano-C3-C n -C1-C with cycloalkyl group n -refers to alkyl groups.

[0032] As used herein, "C1-C nThe term "haloalkyl" refers to a straight or branched saturated alkyl group having 1 to n carbon atoms bonded via any of the carbon atoms (as defined above), in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine, such as chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 2-iodoethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-di ...

[0033] The fluoromethyl group may be any one of fluoro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 2-fluoropropyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 2,2-difluoropropyl, 2,3-difluoropropyl, 2-chloropropyl, 3-chloropropyl, 2,3-dichloropropyl, 2-bromopropyl, 3-bromopropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, 3,3,3-trichloropropyl, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl, heptafluoropropyl, 1-(fluoromethyl)-2-fluoroethyl, 1-(chloromethyl)-2-chloroethyl, 1-(bromomethyl)-2-bromoethyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 4-chlorobutyl, 4-bromobutyl, and nonafluorobutyl. Thus, the term "C1-C2-fluoroalkyl" refers to any one of a C1-C2 alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 fluorine atoms, such as difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, or pentafluoroethyl. Similarly, as used herein, "C2-C n -haloalkenyl" or "C2-C n The term "haloalkynyl" refers to any C-C alkyl group substituted with one or more halo atoms, which may be the same or different. n -alkenyl or C2-C n -refers to an alkynyl group.

[0033] As used herein, "C1-C n The term "-alkylcarbonyl" refers to a C1-C alkyl group linked through the carbon atom of a carbonyl (C=O) group. n -refers to alkyl groups.

[0034] As used herein, "C1-C n The term "-alkoxycarbonyl" refers to a C1-C alkoxycarbonyl group linked through the carbon atom of the carbonyl (or C=O) group. n -refers to the alkoxy moiety.

[0035] As used herein, "C1-C n The term "cycloalkylcarbonyl" refers to a C1-C alkyl group linked through the carbon atom of a carbonyl (C=O) group. n -refers to a cycloalkyl group.

[0036] As used herein, "phenyl-C1-C n The term "-alkyl" refers to a C1-C alkyl group substituted with a phenyl ring. n - refers to an alkyl group. Examples include benzyl. Phenyl-C1-C n The alkyl group may be substituted on the alkyl group and / or on the phenyl group.

[0037] As used herein, the term "heteroaryl" refers to a 5- or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring group containing 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O, and S. Examples of heteroaryl include, but are not limited to, furanyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidyl, or pyridyl. "Heteroaryl-C1-C n -alkyl" or "heteroaryl-C3-C n The term "-cycloalkyl" refers to any C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with a heteroaryl group. n-Alkyl or C3-C n - refers to a cycloalkyl group. Heteroaryl-C1-C n -Alkyl or Heteroaryl-C3-C n -Cycloalkyl groups may be optionally substituted on the heteroaryl, alkyl and / or cycloalkyl group.

[0038] As used herein, the term "control" refers to reducing the number of pests, eradicating pests and / or preventing further pest damage, such that damage to plants or plant-derived products is reduced.

[0039] As used herein, the term "pest" refers to insects and mollusks found in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and storage of plant-derived products (such as fruit, grain, and lumber); and pests associated with damage to man-made structures. The term pest encompasses all stages in the life cycle of a pest.

[0040] As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount of a compound or salt thereof that produces a desired effect upon one or more applications.

[0041] An effective amount is readily determined by one skilled in the art by the use of known techniques and by observing results obtained under analogous circumstances. In determining an effective amount, several factors are taken into consideration, including, but not limited to, the type of plant or derived product to be applied; the pest to be controlled and its life cycle; the particular compound applied; the type of application; and other relevant circumstances.

[0042] As used herein, the terms "room temperature" or "RT" or "rt" or "ambient temperature" refer to a temperature of about 15° C. to about 35° C. For example, rt can refer to a temperature of about 20° C. to about 30° C.

[0043] The following list refers to compounds of formula (I) of the present invention and defines substituent R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X. Any of the definitions given below for any one of these substituents may be combined with any definition of any other substituent below or elsewhere in this specification.

[0044] In one embodiment of the invention, X is selected from CH or N. In another embodiment of the invention, X is CH. In yet another embodiment of the invention, X is N.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylsulfonyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyls contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; any of the C1-C3-aryl-C1-C3-alkyl groups contains one or two heteroatoms individually selected from N, S, and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; any of the C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, and 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, or C3-C6-cycloalkyl; and any of the phenyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, or C1-C4-alkoxy. Preferably, R 1is selected from C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, C3-C5-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C2-alkyl, C3-C5-cycloalkyl-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkylsulfonyl-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C3-C5-cycloalkyl, C4-C6-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C3-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyls contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; any of the C1-C3-aryl-C1-C3-alkyl groups contains one or two heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; any of the C3-C5-cycloalkyl, C4-C6-bicycloalkyl, and 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, or C3-C6-cycloalkyl; and any of the phenyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, or C1-C4-alkoxy. More preferably, R 1is selected from C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, C3-C5-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C2-alkyl, C3-C5-cycloalkyl-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkylsulfonyl-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C3-C5-cycloalkyl, and C4-C6-bicycloalkyl, wherein the C3-C5-cycloalkyl and C4-C6-bicycloalkyl are unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, or C1-C3-haloalkyl. More preferably, R 1 is selected from C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, C3-C5-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C2-alkyl, C3-C5-cycloalkyl-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkylsulfonyl-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C3-C5-cycloalkyl, C4-C6-bicycloalkyl, and any of the C3-C5-cycloalkyl and C4-C6-bicycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one substituent selected from fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethyl.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl, any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl containing one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; any of the C3-alkyls contains one or two heteroatoms individually selected from N, S, and O, provided that only one is O or S; any of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocycloalkyls is unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl; and any of the phenyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryls is unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, or C1-C4 alkoxy. In another embodiment of the invention, R 1is selected from C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C3-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C2-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C2-alkyl, any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyls containing one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; any of the C1-C2-alkyl groups contains one or two heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, provided that only one is O or S; any of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl; and any of the phenyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy.

[0047] In yet another embodiment, R 1is selected from C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, phenyl, or 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein any of the 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyls contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O, or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O, or SO2; wherein the 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl, and any of the phenyls is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy. Preferably, R 1 is C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, or C3-C6-cycloalkyl.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl. 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy, C1-C2-alkoxy-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl. 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl. Even more preferably, R 2 is hydrogen or methyl. Even more preferably, R 2 is hydrogen.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, R3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl; or R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a C3-C5-cycloalkyl group. Preferably, R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent a cyclopropyl group together with the carbon to which they are attached.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 3 is selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl. Preferably, R 3 is hydrogen or methyl. More preferably, R 3 is hydrogen.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 4 is selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl. Preferably, R 4 is hydrogen or methyl. More preferably, R 4 is hydrogen.

[0052] In another embodiment of the present invention, R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a C3-C5-cycloalkyl group.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl; or R 5 and R 6 together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a C3-C5-cycloalkyl group. Preferably, R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 5 and R 6 represent a cyclopropyl group together with the carbon to which they are attached.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 5 is selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl. Preferably, R 5 is hydrogen or methyl. More preferably, R 5 is methyl.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 6 is selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl. Preferably, R 6 is hydrogen or methyl. More preferably, R 6 is hydrogen.

[0056] In another embodiment of the present invention, R 5 and R 6 together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a C3-C5 cycloalkyl group.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 7 is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, phenyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein said cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, or C1-C3-haloalkyl; either of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S, and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, or C1-C4 alkoxy. In another embodiment of the invention, R 7is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, phenyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein said cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, or C1-C3-haloalkyl; wherein either of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl contains one or two heteroatoms individually selected from N, S, or O, and wherein either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl, or C1-C3-alkoxy. Preferably, R 7 is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein any of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl contains one heteroatom selected from N, S, or O, and any of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy. More preferably, R 7 is C1-C4-haloalkyl. Even more preferably, R 7 is dichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl. Most preferably, R 7 is trifluoromethyl.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 8 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl. 8is selected from hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy, C1-C3-alkoxy-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl. 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl. More preferably, R 8 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, acetyl, methoxymethyl, or ethoxymethyl. Even more preferably, R 8 is hydrogen, methyl, acetyl, or methoxymethyl. Even more preferably, R 8 is hydrogen.

[0059] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, R 8 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, C3-C5-cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl. 8 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy, C1-C3-alkoxy-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkylcarbonyl, C3-C5-cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl. Even more preferably, R 8 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C2-alkyl, C1-C2-alkoxy, C1-C2-alkoxy-C1-C3-alkyl, cyano-C1-C2-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, C3-C5-cycloalkylcarbonyl or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, R 9 is selected from halogen or C1-C3-alkyl. Preferably, R 9 is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, methyl, or ethyl. More preferably, R 9is chlorine, bromine or methyl. Even more preferably, R 9 is chlorine or methyl. Even more preferably, R 9 is chlorine.

[0061] Therefore, according to the present invention, R as defined above 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and compounds of formula (I) having any combination / configuration of X are available.

[0062] Embodiments according to the present invention are provided as follows.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present invention, a compound of formula (I) X is CH or N; R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1- any of the C3-alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl; or R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a C3-C5 cycloalkyl group; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl; or R 5 and R6 together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a C3-C5 cycloalkyl group; R 7 is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, phenyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein said cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, or C1-C3-haloalkyl; wherein either of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, and wherein either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 8 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 9 is selected from halogen or C1-C3-alkyl, or a salt or N-oxide thereof.

[0064] In one embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 5and R 6 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 1 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0065] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 1 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0066] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 , R 7 and X are as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0067] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein any of the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl contains one heteroatom selected from N, S and O, and any of the phenyl, the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 and X are as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0068] In yet another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is C1-C4-haloalkyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 and X are as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0069] In yet another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1- any of the C3-alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is C1-C4-haloalkyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and X is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0070] In yet another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is trifluoromethyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 and X are as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0071] In yet another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1- any of the C3-alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is trifluoromethyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and X is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ia) [ka] wherein X is CH; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0073] In one embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ia) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 5 and R 6 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 8is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 1 , R 7 , and R 9 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0074] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ia) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 and R 7 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0075] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ia) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is trifluoromethyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0076] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ia) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is C1-C4-haloalkyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0077] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ia) according to the present invention, R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1- any of the C3-alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is C1-C4-haloalkyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 9 is chlorine.

[0078] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ia) according to the present invention, R 1 is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1- any of the C3-alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is trifluoromethyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 9 is chlorine.

[0079] In another embodiment of the present invention, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ib) [ka] wherein X is N; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0080] In one embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ib) according to the present invention, R 2is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 5 and R 6 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 1 , R 7 and R 9 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0081] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ib) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 and R 7 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0082] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ib) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is C1-C4-haloalkyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0083] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ib) according to the present invention, R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is trifluoromethyl; R 8is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 9 is chlorine; and R 1 is as defined for compounds of formula (I).

[0084] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ib) according to the present invention, R 1 is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1- any of the C3-alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is C1-C4-haloalkyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 9 is chlorine.

[0085] In another embodiment, in the compounds of formula (Ib) according to the present invention, R 1is selected from C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C4-C8-bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-C3-alkyl; any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl contains one or two heteroatoms or groups individually selected from N, O, S, S=O or SO2, with the proviso that only one is O, S, S=O or SO2; the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1- any of the C3-alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, with the proviso that only one is O or S; said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-haloalkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy; R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, cyano-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 represent cyclopropyl groups together with the carbon to which they are attached; R 5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is trifluoromethyl; R 8 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C2-alkylcarbonyl, or C1-C2-alkoxycarbonyl; and R 9 is chlorine.

[0086] Preferably, the compound according to formula (I) is selected from the compounds listed in Table A1, A2 or Table P (below).

[0087] More preferably, the compound according to formula (I) is selected from the compounds listed in Table P (below).

[0088] The compound of formula (I) according to the present invention has the following formula (Ic): [ka] It may have at least two chiral centers at the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk (*) in the drawing.

[0089] Thus, as already indicated, compounds of formula (I) may exist in various diastereomeric forms, e.g., as in formula (Ic), at the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk (*), in the (S,S)-, (S,R)-, (R,R)-, or (R,S)-configuration, respectively. In particular, each of these configurations is represented by the R-configuration for each compound listed in Tables A1, A2, or P (below). 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X.

[0090] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling parasites in or on an animal in need thereof, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of the first aspect. The present invention further provides a method for controlling ectoparasites on an animal in need thereof, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect. The present invention further provides a method for preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted by ectoparasites, the method comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect.

[0091] The compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by those skilled in the art according to known methods. More specifically, the compounds of formula (I) and intermediates can be prepared as described below in the schemes and examples. Specific stereocenters are not specified for clarity and are not intended to limit the teaching of the schemes in any way.

[0092] The compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be converted into a compound of formula (II) 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) with an acid chloride or activated acylating agent of formula (III) 1 is as defined for formula (I) and G is as described below), which is shown in Scheme 1 below: Scheme 1 [ka]

[0093] As shown in Scheme 1, compound (IIIa) is activated to a compound of formula (III) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Tetrahedron 2005, 61(46), 10827-10852. For example, if not commercially available, a compound of formula (III) (wherein G is a halogen) is formed by treating a compound of formula (IIIa) with, for example, oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride in an inert solvent such as DCM or THF in the presence of a catalytic amount of DMF at a temperature of 25-170° C., preferably 25-80° C. Treatment of (II) with a compound of formula (III), optionally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or pyridine, gives a compound of formula (I). Alternatively, compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by treating compounds of formula (IIIa) with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) in an inert solvent such as pyridine or THF, optionally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, at a temperature between rt and 180° C. to give the activated species (III) (wherein G is G1 or G2). Additionally, the acid of formula (IIIa) can also be activated by reaction with a coupling reagent such as propanephosphonic anhydride (T3P®) or O-(7-aza-1-benzotriazolyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium-hexafluorophosphat (HATU) to give compounds of formula (III) (wherein G is G3 and G4), as described in Synthesis 2013, 45, 1569 and J. Prakt. Chem. 1998, 340, 581. Subsequent reaction with an amine of formula (II) gives compounds of formula (I). Alternatively, compounds of formula (II) can be converted to compounds of formula (I) by reaction with an anhydride of formula (III) (wherein G is G5), as described, for example, in WO 2010100405.

[0094] The compounds of formula (I) according to the present invention, 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (Ia) 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) to form a compound of formula (IV), 8 is as defined for formula (I) and Q is a halogen or a sulfonate), which is shown in Scheme 2 below: Scheme 2 [ka]

[0095] As shown in Scheme 2, compound (Ia) can be converted to compound (I) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in ACS Comb. Sci. 2016, 569; WO 202115372. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DCM, DMF, or acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate or triethylamine. Alternatively, the reaction can be carried out using a reagent of formula (IVa). In this case, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DCM, DMF, or acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate or triethylamine with the aid of a catalyst such as 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, as described, for example, in WO 2021178885; Org. Process Res. Dev. 2014, 18, 205.

[0096] A compound of formula (IIa) 3 , R 4 , R5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (V) 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), which is shown in Scheme 3 below: Scheme 3 [ka]

[0097] As shown in Scheme 3, compound (V) can be converted to compound (IIa) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,437,138, 6,127,386, and Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 4053. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as THF, DCM, or methanol in the presence of hydrogen gas and a catalyst such as nickel, Raney nickel, nickel aluminide, or bis(benzonitrile)dichloropalladium[2,2'-biquinoline]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid potassium salt (1:2). Depending on the isolation protocol, compound (IIa) can be obtained and used in subsequent transformations in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art).

[0098] A compound of formula (Va) 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (VI) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) to a compound of formula (VII) 7is as defined for formula (I) and G is a halogen or sulfonate (G5), which is shown in Scheme 4 below: Scheme 4 [ka]

[0099] As shown in Scheme 4, compound (VI) can be converted to compound (Va) by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as those described in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 5299; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 5322; WO 2021153720, WO 2010150192, and WO 2018013774. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an inert organic solvent such as DCM, dioxane, or THF in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, pyridine, or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. Alternatively, as known to those skilled in the art, a salt form of compound (VI) (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art) can be similarly used in the conversion to compound (Va).

[0100] A compound of formula (VI) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be converted into a compound of formula (VIII) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 can be obtained by conversion of a C1-C6 alkyl group, which is shown in Scheme 5 below: Scheme 5 [ka]

[0101] As shown in Scheme 5, compound (VIII) can be converted to compound (VI) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in International Publication No. WO 2002059117, J. Med. Chem. 2003, 5238, J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 1845, and Org. Lett. 2022, 2064. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DCM, dioxane, or THF in the presence of an organic or inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, or paratoluenesulfonic acid. Compound (VI) can also be obtained and used in the subsequent transformation in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art).

[0102] A compound of formula (VIII) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) can be prepared by the process of preparing a compound of formula (IX) 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) with an alkylating agent of formula (Xa) 5 and R 6 is as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is a C1-C6-alkyl, where Q is a halogen, a sulfonate group (Q1 or Q2) or a hydroxyl (Q3), which can be obtained by conversion with a hydroxyl group (Q3). This is shown in Scheme 6 below. Scheme 6 [ka]

[0103] As shown in Scheme 6, compound (IX) can be converted by an alkylation reaction with Xa (where Q is, for example, a halogen or sulfonate Q1 or Q2) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in J. Chem. Inform. Mod. 2020, 60, 1028; J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 1845; and WO 2020005935. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DMF, acetone, or acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as cesium carbonate, sodium hydride, or sodium carbonate. Alternatively, compound (IX) can be converted by a Mitsunobu reaction with Xa (where Q is Q3) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in WO 2005035532; WO 2000071508; and J. Med. Chem. 2020, 63, 14867. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as toluene, THF, or dichloromethane in the presence of an azadicarboxylic acid reagent, such as diethyl azadicarboxylate or diisopropyl azadicarboxylate, and a phosphine reagent, such as triphenylphosphine. Alternatively, compound (IX) can be converted to compound (VIII) by an alkylation reaction with aziridine (Xb) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in WO 2008109613. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile in the presence of a base, such as potassium carbonate, sodium hydride, or sodium carbonate.

[0104] A compound of formula (IIb) 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be converted into an intermediate of formula (XIIa), 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 12 is C1-C6-alkyl), 5 , R 6 , R 7, R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 11 Alternatively, compound (IIb) can be obtained by conversion of an intermediate of formula (XIIb), where R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), which is shown in Scheme 7 below. Scheme 7 [ka]

[0105] As shown in Scheme 7, compound (XI) can be prepared by nucleophilic substitution with an imidodicarbonate ester as known to those skilled in the art and as described, for example, in WO 2003051276; WO 2005082859; Biochem.Pharm. 2007, 73, 1558; WO 2010024430, WO 2016128529 to give intermediate (XIIa) (wherein R 12is C1-C6-alkyl or benzyl). For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DMF, THF, or acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as cesium carbonate, sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, or sodium carbonate. Intermediate (XIIa) can then be converted to compound (IIb) by a deprotection reaction under acidic conditions. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as dioxane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), THF, DCM, or acetonitrile in the presence of an organic or inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, or paratoluenesulfonic acid. Compound (IIb) can also be obtained and used in the subsequent transformation in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art). This is described, for example, in WO 2016128465, WO 2005082859, and WO 2010024430. Alternatively, compound (XI) can be converted to intermediate (XIIb) by reaction with an azide salt, as known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Bioorg. Chem. 2021, 108, 104654; J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 453. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as acetone, DMF, dimethyl sulfoxide, THF, dioxane, or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, in the presence of sodium azide, potassium azide, or lithium azide. Intermediate (XIIb) can then be converted to compound (IIb) by partial azide reduction. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, THF, EtOAc, or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, in the presence of hydrogen gas and a catalyst such as palladium species, palladium on carbon, or platinum species. This can be described, for example, in J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 453; Tetrahedron 2005, 61, 2217. Alternatively, the reaction can be carried out in the presence of triphenylphosphine in a mixture of water and an organic solvent such as THF, dioxane or toluene, as described in WO2002036734.

[0106] A compound of formula (XI)5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 11 is a halogen) can be prepared by the process of preparing a compound of formula (XIII) 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), which is shown in Scheme 8 below. Scheme 8 [ka]

[0107] As shown in Scheme 8, compound (XIII) can be converted to compound (XI) by a benzyl halogenation reaction known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2008, 16, 3309; CN101407462; Org. Lett. 2020, 22, 4553; WO2014207052; and CN107501171. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, or chlorobenzene in the presence of a halogenating agent such as N-chlorosuccinimide, N-bromosuccinimide, bromine, chlorine, 1,3-dibromo5,5-dimethylhydantoin, or tribromoisocyanuric acid, optionally in the presence of substoichiometric amounts of azobisisobutyronitrile or 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile).

[0108] A compound of formula (XIII) 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (VII) 7 is as defined for formula (I) and G is a halogen or a sulfonate) 5 , R6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be obtained by conversion of (Scheme 9). Scheme 9 [ka]

[0109] As shown in Scheme 9, compound (XIV) can be converted to compound (XIII) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 5299; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 5322; WO 2021153720, WO 2010150192, WO 2018013774, and WO 2021153720. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an inert organic solvent such as DCM, dioxane, or THF in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, pyridine, or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. Alternatively, as known to those skilled in the art, compound (XIV) can similarly be used in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art) in the conversion to compound (XIII).

[0110] A compound of formula (XIV) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (XV) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 (wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 10 below. Scheme 10 [ka]

[0111] As shown in Scheme 10, compound (XV) can be converted to compound (XIV) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in International Publication No. WO 2002059117, J. Med. Chem. 2003, 5238, J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 1845, Org. Lett. 2022, 2064, and International Publication No. WO 2019244066. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DCM, dioxane, or THF in the presence of an organic or inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, or paratoluenesulfonic acid. Compound (XIV) can also be obtained and used in the subsequent conversion in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art).

[0112] A compound of formula (XV) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) is an alkylating agent of formula (Xa) 5 and R 6 is as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl and Q is halogen, hydroxyl of a sulfonate group) 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), which is shown in Scheme 11 below. Scheme 11 [ka]

[0113] As shown in Scheme 11, compound (XVI) can be converted to compound (XV) by alkylation with Xa (where Q is, for example, a halogen or sulfonate Q1 or Q2) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in J. Chem. Inform. Mod. 2020, 60, 1028; J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 1845; WO 2020005935; and CN 113563238. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DMF, acetone, or acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as cesium carbonate, sodium hydride, or sodium carbonate. Alternatively, compound (XVI) can be converted by Mitsunobu reaction with Xa (where Q is equal to OH) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2016, 59, 5356; WO 2005035532; WO 2000071508; Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2020, 63, 14867. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as toluene, THF, or dichloromethane in the presence of an azadicarboxylic acid reagent, such as diethyl azadicarboxylate or diisopropyl azadicarboxylate, and a phosphine reagent, such as triphenylphosphine. Alternatively, compound (XVI) can be converted to compound (XV) by alkylation with aziridine (Xb) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 3867; Journal of Chemical Research (2008), (5), 297; and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-208254. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate, sodium hydride, or sodium carbonate.

[0114] A compound of formula (Ia) 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (VII) 7 is as defined for formula (I) and G is a halogen or a sulfonate) 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), which is shown in Scheme 12 below. Scheme 12 [ka]

[0115] As shown in Scheme 12, compound (XVII) can be converted to compound (Ia) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 5299; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 5322; WO 2021153720, WO 2010150192, WO 2018013774, and WO 2021153720. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an inert organic solvent such as DCM, dioxane, or THF in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, pyridine, or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. Alternatively, as known to those skilled in the art, compound (XVII) in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art) can be similarly used in the conversion to compound (Ia).

[0116] A compound of formula (XVII) 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 9and X are as defined for formula (I)) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (XVIII) 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 (wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 13 below. Scheme 13 [ka]

[0117] As shown in Scheme 13, compound (XVIII) can be converted to compound (XVII) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in International Publication No. WO 2002059117, J. Med. Chem. 2003, 5238, J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 1845, Org. Lett. 2022, 2064, and International Publication No. WO 2019244066. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DCM, dioxane, or THF in the presence of an organic or inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, or paratoluenesulfonic acid. Compound (XVII) can also be obtained and used in the subsequent transformation in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art).

[0118] A compound of formula (XVIII) 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) is reacted with an acid chloride or an activated acylating agent of formula (III) 1is as defined for formula (I) and G is as described below) to prepare a compound of formula (XIX) 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 (wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 14 below. Scheme 14 [ka]

[0119] As shown in Scheme 14, compound (IIIa) is activated to compound of formula (III) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Tetrahedron 2005, 61(46), 10827-10852. For example, if not commercially available, compound of formula (III) (wherein G is halogen) is formed by treating compound of formula (IIIa) with, for example, oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride in the presence of a catalytic amount of DMF in an inert solvent such as DCM or THF at a temperature of 25-170°C, preferably 25-80°C. Treatment of compound (XIX) with compound of formula (III), optionally in the presence of a base, for example, triethylamine or pyridine, provides compound of formula (XVIII). Alternatively, compounds of formula (XVIII) can be prepared by treating compounds of formula (IIIa) with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) in an inert solvent such as pyridine or THF, optionally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, at a temperature between rt and 180° C. to give the activated species (III) (wherein G is G1 or G2). Additionally, acids of formula (IIIa) can also be activated by reaction with a coupling reagent such as propanephosphonic anhydride (T3P®) or O-(7-aza-1-benzotriazolyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium-hexafluorophosphat (HATU) to provide compounds of formula (III) (wherein G is G3 and G4), as described, for example, in Synthesis 2013, 45, 1569 and J. Prakt. Chemie 1998, 340, 581. Subsequent reaction with an amine of formula (XIX) provides compounds of formula (XVIII). Alternatively, compounds of formula (XIX) can be converted to compounds of formula (XVIII) by reaction with an anhydride of formula (III) (wherein G is G5), as described, for example, in WO 2010100405.

[0120] A compound of formula (XIXa) 5 , R 6 , R 9and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) can be prepared by the process of preparing a compound of formula (VIII) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 (wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 15 below. Scheme 15 [ka]

[0121] As shown in Scheme 15, compound (VIII) can be converted to compound (XIXa) by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,437,138, 6,127,386, and Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 4053. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as THF, DCM, or methanol in the presence of hydrogen gas and a catalyst such as nickel, Raney nickel, nickel aluminide, or bis(benzonitrile)dichloropalladium[2,2'-biquinoline]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid potassium salt (1:2). Depending on the isolation protocol, compound (XIXa) can be obtained and used in subsequent transformations in its salt form (e.g., hydrochloride, hydrobromide, trifluoroacetate, paratoluenesulfonate, and others known to those skilled in the art).

[0122] Alternatively, a compound of formula (XIXa) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXa) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10is C1-C6-alkyl) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 11 is a halogen and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl), which is shown in Scheme 16 below. Scheme 16 [ka]

[0123] As shown in Scheme 16, compound (XX) can be converted to intermediate (XXa) by reaction with an azide salt, as known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Bioorg. Chem. 2021, 108, 104654; J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 453. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as acetone, DMF, dimethyl sulfoxide, THF, dioxane, or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, in the presence of sodium azide, potassium azide, or lithium azide. Intermediate (XXa) can then be converted to compound (XIXa) by partial azide reduction. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, THF, EtOAc, or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, in the presence of hydrogen gas and a catalyst such as palladium species, palladium on carbon, or platinum species. This can be described, for example, in J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 453; Tetrahedron 2005, 61, 2217. Alternatively, the reaction can be carried out in the presence of triphenylphosphine in a mixture of water and an organic solvent such as THF, dioxane or toluene, as described in WO2002036734.

[0124] A compound of formula (XX) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl, and R11 is a halogen) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (XX) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 (wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 17 below. Scheme 17 [ka]

[0125] As shown in Scheme 17, compound (XV) can be converted to compound (XX) by a benzyl halogenation reaction known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2008, 16, 3309; Chinese Patent Publication No. 101407462; Org. Lett. 2020, 22, 4553; International Publication No. 2014207052; and Chinese Patent Publication No. 107501171. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, or chlorobenzene in the presence of a halogenating agent such as N-chlorosuccinimide, N-bromosuccinimide, bromine, chlorine, 1,3-dibromo5,5-dimethylhydantoin, or tribromoisocyanuric acid, optionally in the presence of substoichiometric amounts of azobisisobutyronitrile or 1,1′-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile).

[0126] A compound of formula (XIXb) 3 , R 5 , R 6 and X are as defined for formula (I), R 9 is H or as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) can be prepared by the process of the compound of formula (XXI) 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10(wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 18 below. Scheme 18 [ka]

[0127] As shown in Scheme 18, compound (XXI) can be converted to compound (XIXb) by reductive amination, known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in International Publication No. 2018148626, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2003, 13, 1725; J. Org. Chem. 2020, 85, 6626. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, dimethylformamide, or chloroform in the presence of ammonia, ammonium acetate, ammonium formate, ammonium chloride, hydroxylamine, or hydroxylamine hydrochloride, with triethylamine, pyridine, sodium acetate, or potassium carbonate, or any suitable salt, followed by a hydrogen atmosphere with the aid of a reducing agent such as sodium cyanoborohydride, zinc, or zinc species, or a catalytic amount of a metal species such as palladium, nickel, or cobalt on charcoal. The conversion can be carried out in two separate operations (i.e., imine or oxime formation and reduction), optionally with isolation of a transient imine or oxime intermediate. Alternatively, the conversion can be carried out via a transamination reaction, such as those described in Org. Process Res. Dev. 2014, 18, 788; Green Chem. 2017, 19, 474. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an aqueous buffer solution having a pH between 4 and 10, optionally in the presence of an organic cosolvent, such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, isopropanol, THF, or dimethyl sulfoxide, in the presence of pyridoxal phosphate and a transaminase enzyme, such as omega transaminase.

[0128] A compound of formula (XIX) 3 , R 5 , R 6and X are as defined for formula (I), R 9 is H or as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) is an alkylating agent of formula (Xa) 5 and R 6 is as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl, and Q is halogen, hydroxyl of a sulfonate group) 3 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 9 can be obtained by conversion of H or as defined for formula (I), which is shown in Scheme 19 below. Scheme 19 [ka]

[0129] As shown in Scheme 19, compound (XXII) can be converted to compound (XXI) by alkylation with Xa (where Q is, for example, a halogen or sulfonate Q1 or Q2) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in J. Chem. Inform. Mod. 2020, 60, 1028; J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 1845; WO 2020005935; CN 113563238; Helvetica Chimica Acta 1989, 72, 1216; ACS Chemical Biology 2017, 12, 2570, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134(4), 2216. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as DMF, acetone, or acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as cesium carbonate, sodium hydride, or sodium carbonate. Alternatively, compound (XXII) can be converted to compound (XXI) by a Mitsunobu reaction with Xa (where Q is equal to OH (Q3)) using methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in WO 2005035532; WO 2000071508; J. Med. Chem. 2020, 63, 14867; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2012, 22, 1633. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as toluene, THF, or dichloromethane in the presence of an azadicarboxylic acid reagent such as diethyl azadicarboxylate or diisopropyl azadicarboxylate and a phosphine reagent such as triphenylphosphine. Alternatively, compound (XXII) can be converted to compound (XXI) by an alkylation reaction with aziridine (Xb) using methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in WO 2008109613. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate, sodium hydride or sodium carbonate.

[0130] A compound of formula (XIXb) 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and X are as defined for formula (I), R 9is H or as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by reacting intermediate (XXIV) (wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and X are as defined for formula (I), R 9 is H or as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) and intermediate (XXIII) (wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and X are as defined for formula (I), R 9 is H or as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) 3 , R 5 , R 6 and X are as defined for formula (I), R 9 is H or as defined for formula (I), and R 10 (wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 20 below. Scheme 20 [ka]

[0131] As shown in Scheme 20, compound (XXI) can be converted to compound (XIXb) by a stepwise approach known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in J. Org. Chem. 2020, 85, 6626 and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 7980. Extreme care should be taken with safety considerations for operations within this stepwise process, as described in the supplementary information section in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 7980. Other useful information can be found in Org. Process Res. Dev. 2012, 16, 2051 and Managing Hazardous Reactions and Compounds in Process Chem. 2014, 87. For example, conversion of compound (XXII) to intermediate (XXIV) can be achieved by reacting a compound of formula R in an organic solvent such as THF, diethyl ether, dioxane, or toluene. 4- Grignard reagent of MgZ (wherein R 4 (wherein Z is as defined for formula (I) and Z is a halide). Conversion of intermediate (XXIV) to intermediate (XXIII) can then be achieved in an organic solvent such as methylene chloride in the presence of an acidic species such as sodium azide and trifluoroacetic acid at a temperature range of -20°C to 50°C. For example, conversion of intermediate (XXIII) to compound (XIXb) can be achieved in an organic solvent such as THF, dioxane, or diethyl ether in the presence of a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride at a temperature range of -20°C to 50°C. Alternatively, conversion of intermediate (XXIII) to compound (XIXb) can be achieved in an organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, THF, EtOAc, or a mixture of an organic solvent and water in the presence of hydrogen gas and a catalyst such as palladium species, palladium on carbon, or platinum species. This can be achieved, for example, in J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 453; Tetrahedron 2005, 61, 2217. Alternatively, the reaction can be carried out in the presence of triphenylphosphine in a mixture of water and an organic solvent such as THF, dioxane or toluene, as described in WO2002036734.

[0132] A compound of formula (XXV) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) can be prepared by the process of preparing a compound of formula (VIII) 5 , R 6 , R 9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 (wherein is a C1-C6-alkyl) can be obtained by conversion of the aryl group, as shown in Scheme 21 below. Scheme 21 [ka]

[0133] As shown in Scheme 21, compound (VIII) can be converted to compound (XXV) by means known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 7133; ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 373; WO 2018098206; and WO 2018227067. For example, the reaction can be carried out by reacting compound (VIII) with ethylmagnesium bromide or ethylmagnesium chloride in the presence of titanium(IV) isopropoxide in an organic solvent such as diethyl ether, THF, dioxane, or methyltetrahydrofuran at a temperature ranging from −85° C. to 100° C., followed by the addition of a Lewis acid such as boron trifluoride etherate.

[0134] A compound of formula (XIXa) 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 9 is a halogen and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl) can be prepared by the process of preparing a compound of formula (XIXc) 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R9 and X are as defined for formula (I), and R 10 is C1-C6-alkyl), which is shown in Scheme 21 below. Scheme 22 [ka]

[0135] As shown in Scheme 22, compound (XIXc) can be converted to compound (XIXa) by methods known to those skilled in the art and described, for example, in Synthesis 2022, 341. For example, the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as acetic acid, dichloroethane, acetonitrile, hexafluoroisopropanol, or a mixture of hexafluoroisopropanol / acetic acid, in the presence of a stoichiometric or less amount of a palladium species such as palladium(II) acetate, palladium(II) trifluoroacetate, or palladium dichloride, optionally in the presence of copper(II) acetate or silver(I) acetate, and in the presence of a halide source such as N-chlorosuccinimide, N-bromosuccinimide, copper dichloride, bromine, or chlorine, at a temperature ranging from −20° C. to 150° C.

[0136] Depending on the method or reaction conditions, the reactants can be reacted in the presence of a base. Examples of suitable bases are alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal acetates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal dialkylamides or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkylsilylamides, alkylamines, alkylenediamines, free or N-alkylated saturated or unsaturated cycloalkylamines, basic heterocycles, ammonium hydroxide and carbocyclic amines. Examples which may be mentioned are sodium hydroxide, sodium hydride, sodium amide, sodium methoxide, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydride, lithium diisopropylamide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium hydride, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, triethylenediamine, cyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexyl-N,N-dimethylamine, N,N-diethylaniline, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, quinuclidine, N-methylmorpholine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).

[0137] These reactants can react with each other as they are, for example, without adding a solvent or diluent. However, in most cases, it is advantageous to add an inert solvent or diluent or a mixture thereof. When the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, a base used in excess, such as triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine, or N,N-diethylaniline, can also serve as a solvent or diluent.

[0138] The reaction is advantageously carried out in the temperature range of about -80°C to about +140°C, preferably about -30°C to about +100°C, and often in the range of ambient temperature to about +80°C.

[0139] Depending on the reaction conditions and the choice of starting materials suitable in each case, it may, for example, only be possible in one reaction step to replace one substituent by another substituent according to the invention, or several substituents may be replaced by other substituents according to the invention in the same reaction step.

[0140] Salts of compounds of formula (I) can be prepared in a manner known per se. Thus, for example, acid addition salts of compounds of formula (I) can be obtained by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchange reagent, and salts with bases can be obtained by treatment with a suitable base or a suitable ion exchange reagent.

[0141] Salts of compounds of formula (I) can be converted in a customary manner, for example into the free compounds I (acid addition salts) by treatment with a suitable basic compound or a suitable ion exchange reagent, and can also be converted into salts with a base, for example by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchange reagent.

[0142] Salts of compounds of formula (I) can be converted into other salts (acid addition salts, e.g. other acid addition salts) of compounds of formula (I) in a manner known per se, for example by treating the salt of an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, with a suitable metal salt of the acid, such as sodium, barium or silver salt (e.g. silver acetate), in a suitable solvent (in which inorganic salts that form, for example, silver chloride, are insoluble and therefore precipitate from the reaction mixture).

[0143] Depending on the procedure or reaction conditions, compounds of formula (I) that have the property of forming salts can be obtained in free form or in salt form.

[0144] The compounds of formula (I) and, where appropriate, their tautomers, in each free or salt form, may exist in the form of pure isomers, such as antipodes and / or diastereomers, or as isomeric mixtures, such as enantiomers, diastereomeric mixtures or racemic mixtures, depending on the number, absolute and relative configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms occurring in the molecule and / or depending on the configuration of non-aromatic double bonds occurring in the molecule; the invention relates to the pure isomers and also to all possible isomeric mixtures, and is to be understood in this sense above and below, respectively, even if details of the stereochemistry are not specifically stated in each case.

[0145] Diastereomeric or racemic mixtures of compounds of formula (I), in free or salt form, obtained depending on which starting materials and procedures are selected, can be separated in known manner on the basis of the physical chemical differences of the components into pure diastereomers or racemates, for example by fractional crystallization, distillation and / or chromatography.

[0146] Enantiomeric mixtures, such as racemates, obtainable in a similar manner can be resolved into their optical antipodes by known methods, for example by recrystallization from optically active solvents, chromatography on chiral adsorbents, for example by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on acetylcellulose, cleavage with specific immobilized enzymes using suitable microorganisms, formation of inclusion complexes, the use of chiral crown ethers which, for example, complex with only one enantiomer, or conversion into diastereomeric salts, for example by reacting the basic final product racemate with an optically active acid, for example a carboxylic acid such as camphor, tartaric acid or malic acid, or a sulfonic acid, for example camphorsulfonic acid, and separating the diastereomeric mixture thus obtainable, for example by fractional crystallization on account of their different solubilities, to give diastereomers from which the desired enantiomer can be liberated by the action of a suitable reagent, for example a basic reagent.

[0147] Pure diastereomers or enantiomers can be obtained according to the invention not only by separating the appropriate isomeric mixture, but also by diastereoselective or enantioselective synthesis, which is a method known in the art, e.g., by carrying out the process according to the invention using starting materials with the appropriate stereochemistry.

[0148] The N-oxides can be prepared by reacting the compounds of formula (I) with a suitable oxidizing agent, such as the H2O2 / urea adduct, in the presence of an acid anhydride, such as trifluoroacetic anhydride. Such oxidations are known from the literature, for example from J. Med. Chem. 1989, 32(12), 2561-73 or WO 2000 / 15615.

[0149] If the biological activity of the individual components differs, it may be advantageous to isolate or synthesize the biologically more effective isomers, e.g. enantiomers or diastereomers, or isomeric mixtures, e.g. enantiomeric or diastereomeric mixtures, in each case.

[0150] The compounds of formula (I) and, where appropriate, their tautomers may each be available in free form or in salt form, where appropriate also in the form of hydrates, and / or may include other solvents, such as those that may have been used for the crystallization of compounds present in solid form.

[0151] Tables A1-A2 below illustrate certain compounds of the present invention.

[0152] The compounds according to the following Tables A1-A2 can be prepared according to the methods described above. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and to show preferred compounds of formula (I). In any of the following Tables A1-A2, the possible presence of one or more asymmetric carbon atoms in a compound of formula (I) according to the invention means that the compound can occur in chiral isomeric forms, for example enantiomeric or diastereomeric forms.

[0153] Compounds of formula (I) according to the following Tables A1-A2 can be prepared according to the above methods. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and to show preferred compounds of formula (I) in the form of compounds of formula (I-A1) and (I-A2).

[0154] Table A1 provides 864 compounds of formula (I-A1), where R 3 , R 4 is hydrogen and R 5 is methyl and R 6 is hydrogen, where R 1 , R 2 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and X is as defined in Table A1. [ka]

[0155] [Table 1-1]

[0156] [Table 1-2]

[0157] [Table 1-3]

[0158] [Table 1-4]

[0159] [Table 1-5]

[0160] [Table 1-6]

[0161] Table 1-7

[0162] Table 1-8

[0163] Table 1-9

[0164] Table 1-10

[0165] Table 1-11

[0166] Table 1-12

[0167] Table 1-13

[0168] Table 1-14

[0169] Table 1-15

[0170] Table 1-16

[0171] Table 1-17

[0172] Table 1-18

[0173] Table 1-19

[0174] Table 1-20

[0175] Table 1-21

[0176] Table 1-22

[0177] Table 1-23

[0178] Table 1-24

[0179] Table 1-25

[0180] Table 1-26

[0181] [Table 1-27]

[0182] [Table 1-28]

[0183] [Table 1-29]

[0184] [Table 1-30]

[0185] [Table 1-31]

[0186] [Table 1-32]

[0187] [Table 1-33]

[0188] Table A2 provides 150 compounds of formula (I-A2), where R 2 , R 8 is hydrogen and R 7 is trifluoromethyl and R 9 is chlorine, where R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and X is as defined in Table A2. [ka]

[0189] [Table 2-1]

[0190] [Table 2-2]

[0191] [Table 2-3]

[0192] [Table 2-4]

[0193] [Table 2-5]

[0194] [Table 2-6]

[0195] The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are valuable preventive and / or therapeutic active ingredients in the field of pest control, having a very favorable biocidal spectrum even at low application rates, and are well tolerated by warm-blooded species, fish, and plants. The active ingredients according to the invention act not only against normally susceptible animal pests, such as insects or representatives of the order Acarina, but also against all or individual developmental stages of resistant animal pests. The insecticidal or acaricidal activity of the active ingredients according to the invention can manifest itself directly, i.e., by destruction of the pest, which occurs either immediately or only after a certain period of time, for example, during molting, or can manifest itself indirectly, for example, by a reduction in egg-laying and / or hatching rate.

[0196] Examples of the animal pests mentioned above are: from the order Acarina, for example Acalitus spp., Aculus spp., Acaricalus spp., Aceria spp., Acarus siro, Amblyomma spp., Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia spp., Calipitrimerus spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Dermatophagoides spp. spp., Eotetranychus spp., Eriophyes spp., Hemitarsonemus spp., Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Olygonychus spp., Ornithodoros spp., Polyphagotarsone latus, Panonychus spp., Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Phytonemus spp., Polyphagotarsonemus spp. spp.), Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Steneotarsonemus spp., Tarsonemus spp. and Tetranychus spp.; From the order Anoplura, for example, Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp. and Phylloxera spp.; From the order Coleoptera, for example, Agriotes spp., Amphimallon majale, Anomala orientalis, Anthonomus spp., Aphodius spp., Astylus atromaculatus, Ataenius spp., Atomaria linearis, Chaetocnema tibialis, Cerotoma spp., Conoderus spp., Cosmopolites spp., Cotinis nitida nitida, Curculio spp., Cyclocephala spp., Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Diloboderus abderus, Epilachna spp., Eremnus spp., Heteronychus arator, Hypothenemus hampei, Lagria vilosa, Leptinotarsa ​​decemLineata, Lissorhoptrus spp., Liogenys spp., Maecolaspis spp. spp.), Maladera castanea, Megascelis spp., Melighetes aeneus, Melolontha spp., Myochrous armatus, Orycaephilus spp., Otiorhynchus spp.), Phyllophaga spp., Phlyctinus spp., Popillia spp., Psylliodes spp., Rhyssomatus aubtilis, Rhizopertha spp., Scarabaeidae, Sitophilus spp., Sitotroga spp., Somaticus spp., Sphenophorus spp., Sternechus subsignatus, Tenebrio spp. spp.), Tribolium spp. and Trogoderma spp.;. Order Diptera, e.g., Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Antherigona soccata, Bactrocea oleae, Bibio hortulanus, Bradysia spp., Calliphora erythrocephala, Ceratitis spp., Chrysomyia spp., Culex spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus spp., Delia spp., Drosophila melanogaster melanogaster, Fannia spp., Gastrophilus spp., Geomyza tripunctata, Glossina spp., Hypoderma spp., Hyppobosca spp., Liriomyza spp., Lucilia spp., Melanagromyza spp., Musca spp., Oestrus spp., Orseolia spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami, Phorbia spp., Rhagoletis spp., Rivelia quadrifasciata, Scatella spp., Sciara spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp. and Tipula spp.; Order Hemiptera, e.g., Acanthocoris scabrator, Acrosternum spp., Adelphocoris lineolatus, Aleurodes spp., Amblypelta nitida, Bathycoelia thalassina, Blissus spp., Cimex spp., Clavigrella tomentosicollis, Creontiades spp., Distantiella theobroma, Dichelops furcatus, Dysdercus spp., Edessa spp., Euchistus spp., Eurydema pulchrum, Eurygaster spp., Halyomorpha halys, Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Lygus spp., Margarodes spp., Murgantia histrionic, Neomegalotomus spp., Nesidiocoris tenuis, Nezara spp., Nysius simulans, Oebalus insularis, Piesma spp., Piezodorus spp., Rhodnius spp.), Sahlbergella singularis, Scaptocoris castanea, Scotinophara spp., Thyanta spp., Triatoma spp. and Vatiga illudens;. Acyrthosium pisum, Adalges spp., Agalliana ensigera, Agonoscena targionii, Aleurodicus spp., Aleurocanthus spp., Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes brassicae, Amarasca biguttula, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aonidiella spp. spp.), Aphididae, Aphis spp., Aspidiotus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli, Bemisia spp., Brachycaudus spp., Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp., Cavariella aegopodii Scop., Ceroplaster spp.), Chrysomphalus aonidium, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Cicadella spp., Cofana spectra, Cryptomyzus spp., Cicadulina spp., Coccus hesperidum, Dalbulus maidis, Dialeurodes spp., Diaphorina citri, Diuraphis noxia, Dysaphis spp., Empoasca spp. spp.), apple aphid (Eriosoma larigerum), Erythroneura spp., Gascardia spp., Glycaspis brimblecombei, Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae, Hyalopterus spp., Hyperomyzus pallidus, longan leafhopper (Idioscopus clypealis), Jacobiasca lybica, Laodelphax spp., dogwood scale (Lecanium corni), Lepidosaphes spp. spp.), false radish aphid (Lopaphis erysimi), Lyogenys maidis, Macrosiphum spp., Mahanarva spp., Metcalfa pruinosa, wheat aphid (Metopolophium dirhodum), Myndus crudus, Myzus spp.), Neotoxoptera spp., Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp., Nippolachnus piri Mats, Odonaspis ruthae, Oregma lanigera Zehnter, Bayberry whitefly (Parabemisia myricae), Paratrioza cockerelli, Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus spp., Corn planthopper (Peregrinus maidis), Perkinsiella spp., Hop wart aphid (Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp., Planococcus spp., Pseudaulacaspis spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pseudatomoscelis seriatus, Psylla spp., Pulvinaria aethiopica, Quadraspidiotus spp., Quesada gigas, Recilia dorsalis, Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp., Scaphoideus spp. spp.), Schizaphis spp., Sitobion spp.), Sogatella furcifera, Spisstilus festinus, Tarophagus Proserpina, Toxoptera spp., Trialeurodes spp., Tridiscus sporoboli, Trionymus spp., Trioza erytreae, Unaspis citri, Zygina flammigera, Zyginidia scutellaris; Order Hymenoptera, e.g., Acromyrmex spp., Arge spp., Atta spp., Cephus spp., Diprion spp., Family Diprionidae, Gilpinia polytoma, Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Neodiprion spp., Pogonomyrmex spp., Slenopsis invicta, Solenopsis spp. spp.) and Vespa spp.; Order Isoptera, for example, Coptotermes spp., Corniternes cumulans, Incisitermes spp., Macrotermes spp., Mastotermes spp., Microtermes spp., Reticulitermes spp.; Solenopsis geminate; From the order Lepidoptera, for example, Acleris spp., Adoxophyes spp., Aegeria spp., Agrotis spp., Alabama argillaceae, Amylois spp., Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips spp., Argyresthia spp., Argyrotaenia spp., Autographa spp., Bucculatrix thurberiella, Busseola fusca, Cadra cautella, Carposina nipponensis, Chilo spp., Choristoneura spp., Chrysoteuchia topiaria, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocrocis spp., Cnephasia spp., Cochylis spp., Coleophora spp., Colias lesbia, Cosmophila flava, Crambus spp., Crocidolomia binotalis, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, Cydalima perspectalis, Cydia spp., Diaphania perspectalis, Diatraea spp., Diparopsis castanea, Earias spp.), Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp., Epinotia spp., Estigmene acrea, Etiella zinckinella, Eucosma spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis spp., Euxoa spp., Feltia jaculiferia, Grapholita spp., Hedya nubiferana, Heliothis spp. spp.), Hellula undalis, Herpetogramma spp., Hyphantria cunea, Keiferia lycopersicella, Lasmopalpus lignosellus, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocollethis spp., Lobesia botrana, Loxostege bifidalis, Lymantria spp., Lyonetia spp., Malacosoma spp., Mamestra brassicae, tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta), Mythimna spp., Noctua spp., Operophtera spp., Orniodes indica, European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), Pammene spp., Pandemis spp.), pine sawyer moth (Panolis flammea), Papaipema nebris, pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiela), coffee leafminer (Perileucoptera coffeella), Pseudaletia unipuncta, potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella), cabbage white butterfly (Pieris rapae), Pieris spp., diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), Prays spp., Pseudoplusia spp., Rachiplusia nu, Richia albicosta, Scirpophaga spp., Sesamia spp. spp.), Sparganothis spp., Spodoptera spp., Sylepta derogate, Synanthedon spp., Thaumetopoea spp., Tortrix spp., Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absoluta and Yponomeuta spp.;. the order Mallophaga, for example, Damalinea spp. and Trichodectes spp.; from the order Orthoptera, for example Blatta spp., Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Neocurtilla hexadactyla, Periplaneta spp., Scapteriscus spp. and Schistocerca spp.; Order Psocoptera, e.g., Liposcelis spp.; from the order Siphonaptera, for example, Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp. and Xenopsylla cheopis; from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Calliothrips phaseoli, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips spp., Hercinothrips spp., Parthenothrips spp., Scirtothrips aurantii, Sericothrips variabilis, Taeniothrips spp., Thrips spp.; Order Thysanura, for example, Lepisma saccharina.

[0197] In a further aspect, the present invention also relates to plant parasitic nematodes (endoparasitic, semi-endoparasitic and ectoparasitic nematodes), in particular the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne arenaria and other Meloidogyne species; cyst-forming nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and other Globodera species; wheat cyst nematode Heterodera avenae, soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines, sugar beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, clover cyst nematode Heterodera trifolii and other cyst nematodes (Heterodera species); seed gall nematodes, Anguina species; stem and peel nematodes, Aphelenchoides species; sting nematodes, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and other Belonolaimus species; pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other Bursaphelenchus species; ring nematodes, Criconema species, Criconemella species, Criconemoides species, Mesocriconema species; stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus destructor, Ditylenchus dipsaci and other Ditylenchus species; fire nematodes, Dolichodorus species;Spiral nematodes, Heliocotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchus species; sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hemicycliophora species and Hemicriconemoides species; Hirshmanniella species; spear nematodes, Hoploaimus species; false root-knot nematodes, Nacobbus species; thorny nematodes, Longidorus elongatus elongatus and other Longidorus species; pin nematodes, Pratylenchus species; root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus curvitatus, Pratylenchus goodeyi and other Pratylenchus species; root-lesion nematodes, Radopholus similis and other Radopholus species; false nematodes, Rotylenchus robustus, Rotylenchus reniformis reniformis and other Rotylenchus species; Scutellonema species; Trichodorus primitivus and other Trichodorus species, Paratrichodorus species; Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Tylenchorhynchus dubius and other Tylenchorhynchus species;The present invention may relate to a method for controlling damage to plants and their parts caused by plant-parasitic nematodes such as the citrus root nematode, Tylenchulus spp.; the giant spiny nematode, Xiphinema spp., and other plant-parasitic nematode species such as Subanguina spp., Hypsoperine spp., Macroposthonia spp., Melinius spp., Punctodera spp., and Quinisulcius spp.;

[0198] The compounds of the present invention may also be active against mollusks. Examples of mollusks include the family Ampullariidae; Arion (A. ater, A. circumscriptus, A. hortensis, A. rufus); the family Bradybaenidae (Bradybaena furticum); fruticum); Cepaea (C. hortensis, C. nemoralis); Ochlodina; Deroceras (D. agrestis, D. empiricorum, D. laeve, D. reticulatum) tum); Discus (D. rotundatus); Euomphalia; Galba (G. trunculata); Helicelia (H. itala, H. obvia); Helicidae Helicigona albustrum arbustorum); Helicodiscus; Helix (H. aperta); Limax (L. cinereoniger, L. flavus, L. marginatus, L. maximus, L. tenellus); Monoa These include the genera Lymnaea; Milax (M. gagates, M. marginatus, M. sowerbyi); Opeas; Pomacea (P. canaticulata); Vallonia and Zanitoides.

[0199] The active ingredients according to the invention can be used to control, i.e. contain or destroy, pests of the above-mentioned types that occur in particular on plants, in particular on useful and ornamental plants in agriculture, horticulture and forestry, or on organs of such plants, such as fruits, flowers, leaves, stems, tubers or roots, and in some cases on plant organs that are formed at a later time and remain protected against these pests.

[0200] Suitable target crops are, in particular, cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize or sorghum; beets, such as sugar or fodder beets; fruits, such as pome fruits, stone fruits or soft fruits, for example apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; legumes, for example beans, lentils, peas or soybeans; oil crops, for example rape, mustard, poppy, olives, sunflower, coconut, castor, cocoa or ground nuts; cucurbits. citrus fruits, such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or tangerines; vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes or peppers; plants from the Lauraceae family, such as avocado, Cinnamonium or camphor; and also tobacco, nuts, coffee, eggplant, sugarcane, tea, pepper, grapevine, hops, Plantaginaceae and latex plants.

[0201] In particular embodiments, the compounds of formula (I) are capable of controlling mites, rust mites and spider mites on crops, trees and plants selected from vegetables (especially tomatoes and cucumbers), citrus fruits, pome fruits, stone fruits, nuts, cotton, tropical crops, avocados, ornamentals, beans, soybeans, strawberries and grapes.

[0202] The compositions and / or methods of the present invention may be used on any ornamental and / or vegetable crop, including flowers, shrubs, broadleaf trees and evergreen trees.

[0203] For example, the present invention can be used with any of the following ornamental species: Ageratum spp., Alonsoa spp., Anemone spp., Anisodontea capsenisis, Anthemis spp., Antirrhinum spp., Aster spp., Begonia spp. (e.g., B. elatior, B. semperflorens, B. tubereux), Bougainvillea spp., Brachycome spp., Brassica spp. spp.) (ornamental plants), Calceolaria spp., Capsicum annuum, Catharanthus roseus, Canna spp., Centaurea spp., Chrysanthemum spp., Cineraria spp. (C. maritime), Coreopsis spp., Crassula coccinea, Cuphea ignea, Dahlia spp., Delphinium spp., Bleeding heart (Dicentra spectabilis), Dorotheanthus spp. spp.), Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), Forsythia spp., Fuchsia spp., Geranium gnaphalium, Gerbera spp., Gomphrena globosa, Heliotropium spp., Helianthus spp., Hibiscus spp.), Hortensia spp., Hydrangea spp., Hypoestes phyllostachya, Impatiens spp. (I. Walleriana), Iresines spp., Kalanchoe spp., Lantana camara, Lavatera trimestris, Leonotis leonurus, Lilium spp., Mesembryanthemum spp., Mimulus spp., Monarda spp. spp.), Nemesia spp., Tagetes spp., Dianthus spp. (carnations), Canna spp., Oxalis spp., Bellis spp., Pelargonium spp. (ivy geranium (P. peltatum), P. Zonale), Viola spp. (pansies), Petunia spp., Phlox spp., Plectranthus spp., Poinsettia spp., Parthenocissus spp. spp.) (P. quinquefolia, P. tricuspidata), Primula spp., Ranunculus spp., Rhododendron spp., Rosa spp. (roses), Rudbeckia spp., Saintpaulia spp., Salvia spp.), Scaevola aemola, Schizanthus wisetonensis, Sedum spp., Solanum spp., Surfinia spp., Tagetes spp., Nicotinia spp., Verbena spp., Zinnia spp., and other bedding plants.

[0204] For example, the present invention can be used with any of the following vegetable species: Allium spp. (garlic (A. sativum), onion (A. cepa), shallot (A. oschaninii), leek (A. porrum), scallion (A. ascalonicum), green onion (A. fistulosum)), chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium), celery (Apium graveolus), asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), beet (Beta vulgarus), Brassica spp. (B. oleracea, Chinese cabbage (B. pekinensis), turnip (B. rapa)), chili pepper (Capsicum annuum), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), endive (Cichorium endivia), Cichorum spp. spp.) (chicory (C. intybus), endive (C. endivia)), watermelon (Citrillus lanatus), cucumber (Cucumis spp.) (saffron (C. sativus), melon (C. melo)), pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) (Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita maxima), artichoke (C. scolymus), cardoon (C. cardunculus), leek (Daucus carota), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Hypericum spp., lettuce (Lactuca sativa), tomato (Lycopersicon spp.) (tomato (L. esculentum), tomato (L. lycopersicum)), mint species (Mentha spp.), basil (Ocimum basilicum), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), Phaseolus species (Phaseolus spp.) (kidney bean (P. vulgaris), scarlet runner bean (P.coccineus), peas (Pisum sativum), radish (Raphanus sativus), rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum), rosemary (Rosemarinus spp.), salvia (Salvia spp.), yellow rosemary (Scorzonera hispanica), eggplant (Solanum melongena), spinach (Spinacea oleracea), Valerianella spp. (V. locusta, V. eriocarpa), and broad beans (Vicia faba).

[0205] Preferred ornamental plant species include African violet, begonia, dahlia, gerbera, hydrangea, verbena, rosa, kalanchoe, poinsettia, aster, centaurea, coreopsis, delphinium, monarda, and phlox. , Rudbeckia, Sedum, Petunia, Viola, Impatiens, Geranium, Chrysanthemum, Ranunculus, Fuchsia, Salvia, Hortensia, rosemary, sage, St. John's wort, mint, peppers, tomatoes, and cucumbers.

[0206] The compounds of formula (I) are effective against mites, spider mites and rust mites, for example Acarapis spp.; Acarapis woodi; Acarus siro; Acarus spp.; Aceria sheldoni; Aculops pelekassi; Aculops spp.; Aculus schlechtendali; Aculus spp.; Amblyseius fallacis; Brevipalpus spp.; Brevipalpus phoenicis; Bryobia praetiosa; Bryobia purpurativa; rubrioculus; Caloglyphus spp.; Cheyletiella blakei; Cheyletiella spp.; Cheyletiella yasguri; Chorioptes bovis; Chorioptes spp.; Cytodites spp.; Demodex bovis; Demodex caballi; Demodex canis; Demodex caprae; Demodex equi; Demodex ovis; Demodex spp.; Demodex suis; Dermanyssus gallinae); Dermanyssus spp.; Eotetranychus spp.; Eotetranychus Willamettei; Epitrimerus pyri; Eriophyes ribis; Eriophyes spp.;Eriophyes vitis;Eutetranychus spp.;Halotydeus destructor;Hemitarsonemus spp.;Knemidocoptes spp.;Laminosioptes spp.;Listrophorus spp.;Myobia spp.;Neoschongastia xerothermobia;Neotrombicula autumnalis;Neotrombicula desaleri;Notoedres cati;Notoedres spp. spp.); Mango spider mites (Oligonychus coffeae); Oligonychus ilicis; Oligonychus spp.; Ornithocheyletia spp.; Ornithonyssus bursa; Ornithonyssus spp.; Ornithonyssus sylviarum; Otodectes cynotis; Otodectes spp.; Panonychus citri; Panonychus spp.; Panonychus ulmi; Phyllocoptruta oleivora; Phyllocoptruta spp. spp.); Phytoseiulus spp.; Pneumonyssoides caninum; Polyphagotarsonemus latus; Polyphagotarsonemus spp.; Psoroptes ovis; Psorergates spp.; Psoroptes cuniculi; Psoroptes equi; Psoroptes ovis; Psoroptes spp.; Pterolichus spp.; Raillietia spp.; Rhizoglyphus spp.; Sarcoptes bovis; Sarcoptes canis; Sarcoptes caprae; Sarcoptes equi; Sarcoptes ovis ovis; Sarcoptes rupicaprae; Sarcoptes spp.; Sarcoptes suis; Steneotarsonemus spinki; Steneotarsonemus spp.; Sternostoma spp.; Tarsonemus spp.; Tetranychus cinnabarinus; Tetranychus kanzawai; Tetranychus spp.; Tetranychus urticae; Trombicula akamushi; Trombicula They may be particularly suitable for controlling Typhlodromus occidentalis, Tyrophagus spp., Varroa jacobsoni, Varroa spp., Basates lycopersici, and Zetzellia mali.

[0207] In some embodiments, the compounds of formula (I) may control one or more of the following: Aceria sheldoni; Aculus lycopersici; Aculus pelekassi; Aculus schlechtendali; Brevipalpus phoenicis; Brevipalpus spp.; Bryobia rubrioculus; Eotetranychus carpini; Eotetranychus spp.; Epitrimerus pyri; Eriophyes piri; Eriophyes spp.; Eriophyes vitis; Eutetranychus africanus africanus); Oriental spider mite (Eutetranychus orientalis); Oligonychus pratensis; Panonychus citri; Panonychus ulmi; Phyllocoptes vitis; Phyllocoptruta oleivora; Polyphagotarsonemus latus; Tetranychus cinnabarinus; Tetranychus kanzawai; Tetranychus spp.; and Tetranychus urticae.

[0208] In a further embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) may be particularly suitable for controlling one or more of the following: Aceria sheldoni; Aculus pelekassi; Brevipalpus phoenicis; Brevipalpus spp.; Eriophyes piri; Eriophyes vitis; Eutetranychus africanus; Eutetranychus orientalis; Oligonychus pratensis; Panonychus ulmi; Phyllocoptes vitis; Phyllocoptruta oleivora; Polyphagotarsonemus latus); Tetranychus cinnabarinus; Tetranychus kanzawai; Tetranychus spp.; and Tetranychus urticae.

[0209] It should be understood that the term "crop plant" also includes crop plants that have been transformed using recombinant DNA techniques to be able to synthesize one or more selectively acting toxins, such as those known from toxin-producing bacteria, particularly Bacillus bacteria.

[0210] Toxins that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins, such as insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae; or insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as δ-endotoxins, such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), such as Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins from Photorhabdus species, such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus, etc. insecticidal proteins of nematode-symbiotic bacteria such as Xenorhabdus spp. or Xenorhabdus spp.; toxins produced by animals such as scorpion toxins, spider toxins, wasp toxins and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi such as Streptomycete toxins, plant lectins such as pea lectin, barley lectin or snowdrop lectin; agglutinins; proteinase inhibitors such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors; ricin Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) such as maize-RIP, abrin, ruffin, saporin or bryodin; steroid metabolic enzymes such as 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl-transferase, cholesterol oxidase, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers such as sodium or calcium blockers, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptor, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinase and glucanase.

[0211] In the context of the present invention, delta-endotoxins, such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1, or Cry9C, or trophic insecticidal proteins (Vip), such as Vip1, Vip2, Vip3, or Vip3A, are also understood to be, in particular, hybrid toxins, truncated toxins, and modified toxins. Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by combining different domains of these proteins in a new way (see, for example, WO 02 / 15701). For example, truncated toxins, such as truncated Cry1Ab, are known. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of the natural toxin are replaced. In such amino acid substitutions, a non-naturally occurring protease recognition sequence is preferably inserted into the toxin, for example, in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G recognition sequence is inserted into the Cry3A toxin (see WO 03 / 018810).

[0212] Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesizing such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP 0 374 753, WO 93 / 07278, WO 95 / 34656, EP 0 427 529, EP 451 878 and WO 03 / 052073.

[0213] The processes for preparing such transgenic plants are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above. Deoxyribonucleic acids of the CryI type and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95 / 34656, EP 0 367 474, EP 0 401 979 and WO 90 / 13651.

[0214] The toxins contained in the transgenic plants confer resistance to harmful insects on the plants, which can be from any taxonomic group of insects, but are particularly commonly found among beetles (Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera), and moths (Lepidoptera).

[0215] Transgenic plants containing one or more genes encoding insecticide resistance and expressing one or more toxins are known, some of which are commercially available. Examples of such plants include YieldGard® (a corn variety expressing the Cry1Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (a corn variety expressing the Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (a corn variety expressing the Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb1 toxins); Starlink® (a corn variety expressing the Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (a corn variety expressing the Cry1Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) for tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (a cotton variety expressing the Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard I® (a cotton variety expressing the Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard II® (a cotton variety expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins); VipCot® (a cotton variety expressing Vip3A and Cry1Ab toxins); NewLeaf® (a potato variety expressing Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate tolerance trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait), and Protecta®.

[0216] Further examples of such transformed crops are as follows: 1. Bt11 maize, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10, manufactured by Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France. Genetically modified maize (Zea mays) conferred resistance to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) through transgenic expression of a truncated Cry1Ab toxin. Bt11 maize also transgenicly expresses the enzyme PAT, conferring tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium. 2. Bt176 maize, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10, manufactured by Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France. This genetically modified maize (Zea mays) is resistant to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) through the transgenic expression of a truncated Cry1Ab toxin. Bt176 maize also transgenicly expresses the enzyme PAT, conferring tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium. 3. MIR604 corn, from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. This corn plant is resistant to insects through transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. The toxin is Cry3A055 modified by the insertion of a cathepsin-G-protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic corn plants is described in WO 03 / 018810. 4. MON 863 maize, registration number C / DE / 02 / 9, manufactured by Monsanto Europe SA270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium. MON 863 expresses the Cry3Bb1 toxin and confers resistance to certain Coleoptera insects. 5. IPC 531 cotton from Monsanto Europe SA270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C / ES / 96 / 02. 6. 1507 Maize, manufactured by Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C / NL / 00 / 10. Genetically modified maize for the expression of the Cry1F protein for resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects and the PAT protein for resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 7. NK603 x MON810 maize, registration number C / GB / 02 / M3 / 03, manufactured by Monsanto Europe SA270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium. This conventional hybrid maize variety is a cross between the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810. NK603 x MON810 maize transgenicly expresses the CP4 EPSPS protein from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, which confers resistance to the Roundup® herbicide (containing glyphosate), and the Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, which confers resistance to certain Lepidoptera, including the European corn borer.

[0217] Transformed insect-resistant plants are also described in the BATS (Zentrum fur Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit, Zentrum BATS, Clarastrasse 13, 4058 Basel, Switzerland) Report 2003 (http: / / bats.ch).

[0218] The term "crop plant" should also be understood to include crop plants that have been transformed using DNA recombinant techniques so as to be able to synthesize antipathogenic substances with selective action, such as, for example, so-called "infection-specific proteins" (PRPs, see, for example, EP-A-0 392 225). Examples of such antipathogenic substances and transgenic plants capable of synthesizing such antipathogenic substances are known, for example, from EP-A-0 392 225, WO 95 / 33818 and EP-A-0 353 191. Methods for producing such transgenic plants are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the above-mentioned publications.

[0219] Crops can also be modified for enhanced resistance to fungal (e.g., Fusarium, Anthracnose, or Phytophthora), bacterial (e.g., Pseudomonas), or viral (e.g., potato leaf curl virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, cucumber mosaic virus) pathogens.

[0220] Crops also include those with enhanced resistance to nematodes, such as the soybean cyst nematode.

[0221] Crops that are tolerant to abiotic stress include, for example, those that have enhanced tolerance to drought, high salinity, high temperature, low temperature, frost, or light due to expression of NF-YB or other proteins known in the art.

[0222] Anti-pathogenic substances that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, ion channel blockers, such as sodium and calcium channel blockers, for example viral KP1, KP4 or KP6 toxins, stilbene synthases, bibenzyl synthases, chitinases, glucanases, so-called "infection-specific proteins" (PRPs, see, for example, EP 0 392 225), anti-pathogenic substances produced by microorganisms, such as peptide or heterocyclic antibiotics (see, for example, WO 95 / 33818), or proteins or polypeptide factors involved in plant pathogen defense (so-called "plant disease resistance genes", as described in WO 03 / 000906).

[0223] Further areas of use of the compositions according to the invention are the protection of stored goods and storage rooms against pests of the types mentioned, as well as the protection of raw materials such as wood, textiles, floor coverings or buildings and also in the hygiene sector, in particular the protection of humans, livestock and productive livestock.

[0224] The present invention provides a compound of the first aspect for use in therapy. The present invention provides a compound of the first aspect for use in controlling parasites in or on animals. The present invention further provides a compound of the first aspect for use in controlling ectoparasites in animals. The present invention further provides a compound of the first aspect for use in the prevention and / or treatment of diseases transmitted by ectoparasites. According to this particular aspect of the invention, the use may exclude methods for treating the human or animal body by surgery or therapy.

[0225] The present invention provides the use of a compound of the first aspect for the manufacture of a medicament for controlling parasites in or on an animal. The present invention further provides the use of a compound of the first aspect for the manufacture of a medicament for controlling ectoparasites on an animal. The present invention further provides the use of a compound of the first aspect for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted by ectoparasites.

[0226] The present invention provides the use of a compound of the first aspect in controlling parasites in or on an animal. The present invention further provides the use of a compound of the first aspect in controlling ectoparasites on an animal.

[0227] The term "control," when used in the context of parasites in or on animals, refers to reducing the number of pests or parasites, eliminating pests or parasites, and / or preventing further pest or parasite infestation.

[0228] The term "treating" when used in reference to parasites in or on an animal refers to suppressing, slowing, arresting or reversing the progression or severity of an existing condition or disease.

[0229] When used in reference to parasites in or on an animal, the term "prevent" refers to the avoidance of symptoms or disease developing in the animal.

[0230] When used in reference to parasites in or on animals, the term "animal" can refer to mammals and non-mammals such as birds or fish. In the case of mammals, it can be a human or non-human mammal. Non-human mammals include, but are not limited to, livestock animals and companion animals. Livestock animals include, but are not limited to, cattle, camels, pigs, sheep, goats, and horses. Companion animals include, but are not limited to, dogs, cats, and rabbits.

[0231] The term "parasite," as used herein, is a harmful organism that lives in or on a host animal and benefits by deriving nutrients at the expense of the host animal. An "endoparasite" is a parasite that lives within a host animal. An "ectoparasite" is a parasite that lives on a host animal. Ectoparasites include, but are not limited to, mites, insects, and crustaceans (e.g., biting lice). The Acari (or Acari) subclass includes ticks and mites. Ticks include, but are not limited to, members of the following genera: Rhipicaphalus, such as Rhipicaphalus (Boophilus) microplus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Amblyomma; Dermacentor; Haemaphysalis; Hyalomma; Ixodes; Rhipicentor; Margaropus; Argas; Otobius; and Ornithodoros. Mites include, but are not limited to, members of the following genera: Chorioptes, such as Chorioptes bovis; Psoroptes, such as Psoroptes ovis; Cheyletiella; Dermanyssus, such as Dermanyssus gallinae; Ortnithonyssus; Demodex, such as Demodex canis; Sarcoptes, such as Sarcoptes scabiei; and Psorergates.Insects include, but are not limited to, members of the following orders: Siphonaptera, Diptera, Phthiraptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Homoptera. Members of the Siphonaptera include, but are not limited to, Ctenocephalides felis and Ctenocephatides canis. Members of the Diptera order include, but are not limited to, Musca species; bot flies, such as Gasterophilus intestinalis and Oestrus ovis; biting flies; horse flies, such as Haematopota species and Tabunus species; haematobia, such as Haematobia irritans; Stomoxys; Lucilia; midges; and mosquitoes. Members of the Phthiraptera class include, but are not limited to, sucking and chewing lice, such as Bovicola ovis and Bovicola bovis.

[0232] When used in connection with parasites in or on animals, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount or dosage of a compound of the present invention or a salt thereof that, upon administration to the animal in one or more doses, produces the desired effect in or on the animal. An effective amount can be readily determined by the attending diagnostician, as one skilled in the art, using known techniques and observing results obtained under analogous circumstances. In determining an effective amount, the attending diagnostician will take into account a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the species of mammal; its size, age, and general health; the parasite and level of infestation to be controlled; the particular disease or disorder involved; the degree of complication or severity of the disease or disorder; the individual's response; the particular compound administered; the mode of administration; the bioavailability characteristics of the administered preparation; the selected dosage regimen; the use of concomitant medications; and other relevant circumstances.

[0233] The compounds of the present invention can be administered to animals by any route that has the desired effect, including, but not limited to, topical, oral, parenteral, and subcutaneous administration. Topical administration is preferred. Formulations suitable for topical administration include, for example, solutions, emulsions, and suspensions, and can be in the form of pour-ons, spots, spray-ons, spray-laces, or dips. Alternatively, the compounds of the present invention can be administered by ear tag or collar.

[0234] Salt forms of the compounds of the present invention include both pharmaceutically acceptable salts and veterinarily acceptable salts, which may differ from agriculturally acceptable salts. Pharmaceutically and veterinarily acceptable salts and the general methodology for preparing them are well known in the art. See, for example, Gould, PL, "Salt selection for basic drugs," International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 33:201-217 (1986); Bastin, RJ, et al., "Salt Selection and Optimization Procedures for Pharmaceutical New Chemical Entities," Organic Process Research and Development, 4:427-435 (2000); and Berge, SM, et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 66:1-19, (1977). Those skilled in the synthetic arts will understand that the compounds of the present invention can be easily converted into salts, such as hydrochloride salts, and isolated as salts using techniques and conditions well known to those skilled in the art. Additionally, those skilled in the synthetic arts will recognize that compounds of the invention can be readily converted from a corresponding salt to the corresponding free base and isolated as such.

[0235] The present invention may also provide a method for controlling pests (e.g., mosquitoes and other disease vectors; see also http: / / www.who.int / malaria / vector_control / irs / en / ). In one embodiment, the method for controlling pests comprises applying a composition of the present invention to target pests, their habitats, or surfaces or substrates by brushing, rolling, spraying, dusting, or dipping. By way of example, IRS (indoor residual spray) application of surfaces, such as wall, ceiling, or floor surfaces, is contemplated by the method of the present invention. In another embodiment, it is contemplated to apply such compositions to substrates, such as nonwoven or woven materials, in the form of (or that can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains, and tents.

[0236] In one embodiment, a method for controlling such pests comprises applying a pesticidally effective amount of a composition of the present invention to target pests, their habitat, or a surface or substrate to achieve effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface or substrate. Such application may be by brushing, rolling, spraying, dusting, or dipping the pesticidal composition of the present invention. By way of example, IRS application of surfaces, such as wall, ceiling, or floor surfaces, is contemplated by the method of the present invention to achieve effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface. In another embodiment, application of such compositions for residual control of pests on substrates, such as fabric materials in the form of (or that can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains, and tents, is contemplated.

[0237] The substrates to be treated, including nonwovens, fabrics or netting, can be made of natural fibers such as cotton, raffia, jute, flax, sisal, burlap or wool, or synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, etc. Polyester is particularly suitable. Methods for treating textiles are known, for example, from WO 2008 / 151984, WO 2003 / 034823, U.S. Pat. No. 5,631,072, WO 2005 / 64072, WO 2006 / 128870, EP 1 724 392, WO 2005 113 886 or WO 2007 / 090739.

[0238] A further area of ​​use of the compositions according to the invention may be in the field of trunk injection / trunk treatment for all ornamental trees and all fruit and nut trees.

[0239] In the field of trunk injection / trunk treatment, the compounds according to the invention may be particularly suitable against wood-boring insects from the orders Lepidoptera and Coleoptera as mentioned above, in particular against the wood-boring organisms listed in Tables A and B below.

[0240] [Table 3]

[0241] [Table 4-1]

[0242] [Table 4-2]

[0243] [Table 4-3]

[0244] The present invention may also be used to control any pest that may be present in turfgrass, including, for example, beetles, caterpillars, fire ants, scale insects, millipedes, woodlice, mites, mole crickets, scale insects, mealybugs, mites, boxworms, long-legged bugs, and grubs. The present invention may be used to control pests at various stages of their life cycle, including eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults.

[0245] In particular, the present invention may be used to control grubs (e.g., Cyclocephala spp. (e.g., masked scarab beetle, C. lurida), Rhizotrogus spp. (e.g., European scarab beetle, R. majalis), Cotinus spp. (e.g., green cockroach beetle, C. nitida), Popillia spp. (e.g., Japanese beetle, P. japonica), Phyllophaga spp. (e.g., May / June beetle), Ataenius spp. (e.g., Black turfgrass beetle), ataenius, A. spretulus), Maladera spp. (e.g., red-velvet beetle, M. castanea) and Tomarus spp.), scale insects (Margarodes spp.), mole crickets (tan, southern and brachypterous; Scapteriscus spp., Gryllotalpa africana), and crane fly larvae (European crane fly, Tipula spp.).

[0246] The present invention may also be used to control straw-dwelling turfgrass pests, including cutworms (e.g., the armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and the common cutworm Pseudaletia unipuncta), cutworms, weevils (Sphenophorus spp., e.g., S. venatus verstitus and S. parvulus), and sod webworms (e.g., Crambus spp. and the tropical sod webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis).

[0247] The present invention may also be used to control turfgrass pests that live on the ground and feed on turfgrass leaves, including stink bugs (e.g., the Japanese longhorn bug, Blissus insularis), horseradish mites (Eriophyes cynodoniensis), rhodesgrass mealybugs (Antonina graminis), two-lined foxtail bugs (Propsapia bicincta), leafhoppers, cutworms (Noctuidae), and greenbugs.

[0248] The present invention may also be used to control other pests of turfgrass, such as the red fire ant (Solenopsis invicta), which causes ant mounds in turf.

[0249] In the hygiene sector, the compositions according to the invention may be active against ectoparasites such as hard mites, scorpion mites, scabies mites, chiggers, flies (stable flies and dentaries), parasitic fly larvae, lice, pubic lice, biting lice and fleas.

[0250] Examples of such parasites are: In the order Anoplurida, the genera Haematopinus, Linognathus, Pediculus, Phtirus and Solenopotes are included. From the order Mallophagida, the genera Trimenopon, Menopon, Trinoton, Bovicola, Werneckiella, Lepikentron, Damalina, Trichodectes and Felicola.

[0251] From the order Diptera and the suborders Nematocerina and Brachycerina, for example Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp., Simulium spp., Eusimulium spp., Phlebotomus spp., Lutzomyia spp., Culicoides spp., Chrysops spp., Hybomitra spp., Atylotus spp., Tabanus spp. spp.), Haematopota spp., Philipomyia spp., Braula spp., Musca spp., Hydrotaea spp., Stomoxys spp., Haematobia spp., Morellia spp., Fannia spp., Glossina spp., Calliphora spp., Lucilia spp., Chrysomyia spp. spp.), Wohlfahrtia spp., Sarcophaga spp., Oe strus spp., Hypoderma spp., Gasterophilus spp., Hippobosca spp., Lipotena spp. and Melophagus spp. From the order Siphonapterida, for example, Pulex spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Xenopsylla spp., Ceratophyllus spp.

[0252] From the order Heteropterida, for example, Cimex spp., Triatoma spp., Rhodnius spp., Panstrongylus spp.

[0253] From the order Blattarida, for example, Blatta orientalis, Periplaneta americana, Blattela germanica and Supella spp.

[0254] From the subclass Acaria (Acarida) and the suborders Metastigmata and Mesostigmata, for example, Argas spp., Ornithodoros spp., Otobius spp., Ixodes spp., Amblyomma spp., Boophilus spp., Dermacentor spp., Haemophysalis spp., Hyalomma spp., Rhipicephalus ... spp.), Raillietia spp., Pneumonyssus spp., Sternostoma spp. and Varroa spp.

[0255] From the orders Actinedida (Prostigmata) and Acaridida (Astigmata), for example Acarapis spp., Cheyletiella spp., Ornithocheyletia spp., Myobia spp., Psorergates spp., Demodex spp., Trombicula spp., Listrophorus spp., Acarus spp., Tyrophagus spp., Caloglyphus spp. spp.), Hypodectes spp., Pterolichus spp., Psoroptes spp., Chorioptes spp., Otodectes spp., Sarcoptes spp., Notoedres spp., Knemidocoptes spp., Cytodites spp. and Laminosioptes spp.

[0256] The compositions according to the invention may also be suitable for protecting materials such as wood, textiles, plastics, adhesives, glues, paints, paper and card, leather, floor coverings and buildings against insect infestation.

[0257] The compositions according to the invention can be used, for example, against the following pests: beetles, such as Hylotrupes bajulus, Chlorophorus pilosis, Anobium punctatum, Xestobium rufovillosum, Ptilinuspecticornis, Dendrobium pertinex, Ernobius mollis, Priobium carpini, Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus africanus, Lyctus planicolis. planicollis, Lyctus linearis, Lyctus pubescens, Trogoxylon aequale, Minthesrugicollis, Xyleborus species, Tryptodendron species, Apate monachus, Bostrychus capucins, Heterobostrychus brunneus, Sinoxylon speciesand Dinoderus minutus, and also insects of the order Hymenoptera, for example Sirex juvencus, Urocerus gigas, Urocerus gigas taignus and Urocerus augur, and termites, for example Kalotermes flavicollis, Cryptotermes brevis, Heterotermes indicola, Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes santonensis, Reticulitermes lucifugus, lucifugus, Mastotermes darwiniensis, Zootermopsis nevadensis and Coptotermes formosanus, and silverfish such as Lepisma saccharina.

[0258] The compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or the compounds shown in Tables A1-A2, or one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds listed in Table P (below), or a salt thereof, are particularly suitable for controlling one or more pests selected from the following genera: Spodoptera spp., Helicoverpa spp., Heliothis spp., Leucinodes spp., Tuta spp., Plutella spp., Cydia spp., Lobesia spp., Tortrix spp., Amyelois spp. spp.), Maruca spp., Chrysodeixis spp., Agrotis spp., Elasmopalpus spp., Dalbulus spp., Sternechus spp., Phyllotreta spp., Popillia spp., Scirpophaga spp., Chilo spp., Cnaphalocrosis spp., Tetranychus spp., Panonychus spp. spp.), Polyphagotarsonemus spp., Phyllocoptruta spp., Aculus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Oligonychus spp., Aculops spp., Nilaparvata spp., Sogatella spp., Laodelphax spp., Nephotettix spp., Diabrotica spp.), Agriotes spp., Hypnoidus spp., Limonius spp., Melanotus spp., Conoderus spp., Delia spp., Amphimallon spp., Popillia spp., Euschistus spp., Piezodorus spp., Nezara spp., Dichelops spp., Lygus spp., Leptocorisa spp. spp.), Eurygaster spp., Halymorpha spp., Thrips spp., Scirtothrips spp., Frankliniella spp., Anthonomus spp., Melingethes spp., Phyllotreta spp., Leptinotarsa ​​spp., Bemisia spp., Trialeurodes spp., Aphis spp., and Myzus spp.

[0259] In preferred embodiments of each aspect, the compound TX (wherein the abbreviation "TX" refers to one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or a compound shown in Tables A1-A2, or a compound listed in Table P (below)) controls one or more pests selected from the following genera: Spodoptera spp., Helicoverpa spp., Heliothis spp., Leucinodes spp., Tuta spp., Plutella spp., Cydia spp., Lobesia spp., Tortrix spp. spp.), Amyelois spp., Maruca spp., Chrysodeixis spp., Agrotis spp., Elasmopalpus spp., Dalbulus spp., Sternechus spp., Phyllotreta spp., Popillia spp., Scirpophaga spp., Chilo spp., Cnaphalocrosis spp., Tetranychus spp., Panonychus spp. spp.), Polyphagotarsonemus spp., Phyllocoptruta spp., Aculus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Oligonychus spp., Aculops spp., Nilaparvata spp., Sogatella spp., Laodelphax spp., Nephotettix spp.), Diabrotica spp., Agriotes spp., Hypnoidus spp., Limonius spp., Melanotus spp., Conoderus spp., Delia spp., Amphimallon spp., Popillia spp., Euschistus spp., Piezodorus spp., Nezara spp., Dichelops spp., Lygus spp. spp.), Leptocorisa spp., Eurygaster spp., Halymorpha spp., Thrips spp., Scirtothrips spp., Frankliniella spp., Anthonomus spp., Melingethes spp., Phyllotreta spp., Leptinotarsa ​​spp., Bemisia spp., Trialeurodes spp., Aphis spp. spp.), and Myzus spp.

[0260] The compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or the compounds shown in Tables A1-A2, or one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds listed in Table P (below), or a salt thereof, are particularly suitable for controlling one or more pests selected from the following: Spodoptera spp. (e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis), Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis virescens, Leucinodes orbonalis, Tuta absoluta, Plutella xylostella, Cydia pomonella, Lobesia spp. spp.), Tortrix spp., Bean borer (Maruca vitrata), Soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens), Cutthroat moth (Agrotis ipsilon), Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Dalbulus maidis, Phyllotreta spp., Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica), Japanese borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), Rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), Rice leafroller (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis), Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), Apple red mite (Panonychus ulmi), Tea dust mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus), citrus rust mite (Phyllocoptruta oleivora), Brevipalpus spp.), Tomato rust mite (Aculops lycopersici), Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), White-backed planthopper (Sogatella frucifera), Small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus), Green rice leafhoppers (Nephotettix spp.), Diabrotica vigifera, Agriotes spp., Hypnoidus bicolor, Limonius canus, Cabbage root fly (Delia radicum), Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica), Euschistus heros, Piezodorus lituratus lituratus, southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula), Dichelops furcatus, Lygus sp., bean bug (Leptocorisa acuta), brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys), onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), tea flower thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis), western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis), Meligethes aeneus, Phyllotreta spp., Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa ​​decemLineata), tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), and green peach aphid (Myzus persicae).

[0261] In preferred embodiments of each aspect, the compound TX (wherein the abbreviation "TX" refers to one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or a compound shown in Tables A1-A2, or a compound listed in Table P (below)) controls one or more pests selected from the following genera: Spodoptera spp. (e.g., Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis) + TX, Helicoverpa armigera + TX, Heliothis virescens + TX, Leucinodes orbonalis + TX, Tuta absoluta + TX, Plutella xylostella xylostella + TX, Cydia pomonella + TX, Lobesia spp. + TX, Tortrix spp. + TX, Bean leafroller (Maruca vitrata) + TX, Soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens) + TX, Cutthroat moth (Agrotis ipsilon) + TX, Elasmopalpus lignosellus + TX, Dalbulus maidis + TX, Phyllotreta spp. + TX, Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) + TX, Japanese corn borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) + TX, Rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) + TX, Rice leafroller (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis) + TX, two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) + TX, apple red mite (Panonychus ulmi) + TX, tea dust mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) + TX, citrus rust mite (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) + TX, Brevipalpus spp.) + TX, tomato rust mite (Aculops lycopersici) + TX, brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) + TX, white-backed planthopper (Sogatella frucifera) + TX, small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus) + TX, green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix spp.) + TX, Diabrotica vigifera + TX, Agriotes spp. + TX, Hypnoidus bicolor + TX, Limonius canus + TX, cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) + TX, Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) + TX, Euschistus heros + TX, Piezodorus lituratus + TX, Southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula) + TX, Dichelops furcatus + TX, Lygus spp. + TX, Bean bug (Leptocorisa acuta) + TX, Brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) + TX, Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) + TX, Tea tree thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) + TX, Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) + TX, Boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) + TX, Meligethes aeneus aeneus + TX, Phyllotreta spp. + TX, Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa ​​decemLineata) + TX, tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) + TX, greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) + TX, cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) + TX, and green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) + TX.

[0262] The compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds shown in Tables A1-A2, or the compounds listed in Table P (below), or salts thereof, are particularly suitable for controlling the listed pests in the crops listed in the tables below.

[0263] [Table 5-1]

[0264] [Table 5-2]

[0265] [Table 5-3]

[0266] [Table 5-4]

[0267] [Table 5-5]

[0268] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect, compound TX (wherein the abbreviation "TX" means one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or compounds shown in Tables A1-A2, or compounds listed in Table P (below)) is effective against Spodoptera spp. (e.g., Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis), Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis virescens, Leucinodes orbonalis, Tuta absoluta, Plutella xylostella, Cydia pomonella, pomonella, Lobesia spp., Tortrix spp., Bean borer (Maruca vitrata), Soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens), Cutthroat moth (Agrotis ipsilon), Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Dalbulus maidis, Phyllotreta spp., Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica), Japanese borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), Rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), Rice leafroller (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis), Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), White-backed planthopper (Sogatella frucifera), small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus), green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix spp.), tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), and green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), and also suitable insecticides for controlling pests such as Spodoptera spp. (e.g., Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis) + TX, Helicoverpa armigera + TX, Heliothis virescens + TX, eggplant diet moth (Leucinodes orbonalis) + TX, tomato leaf moth (Tuta absoluta) + TX, diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) + TX, Cydia pomonella pomonella + TX, Lobesia spp. + TX, Tortrix spp. + TX, Bean leafroller (Maruca vitrata) + TX, Soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens) + TX, Cutthroat moth (Agrotis ipsilon) + TX, Elasmopalpus lignosellus + TX, Dalbulus maidis + TX, Phyllotreta spp. + TX, Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) + TX, Japanese corn borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) + TX, Rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) + TX, Rice leafroller (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis) + TX, Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) + TX, white-backed planthopper (Sogatella frucifera) + TX, small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus) + TX, green rice leafhopper species (Nephotettix spp.) + TX, Tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) + TX, Greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) + TX, Cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) + TX, and Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) + TX.

[0269] Compounds according to the invention may have any number of benefits, including, inter alia, advantageous levels of biological activity for protecting plants from insects or superior properties for use as pesticide active ingredients (e.g., better biological activity, favorable spectrum of activity, increased safety profile (against above- and below-ground non-target organisms such as fish, birds and bees), improved physicochemical properties or increased biodegradability). In particular, it has surprisingly been found that certain compounds of formula (I) may exhibit advantageous safety profiles against non-target arthropods, particularly pollinators such as honeybees, solitary bees and bumblebees, most particularly the European honeybee (Apis mellifera).

[0270] The activity of the compositions according to the invention can be broadened considerably by adding other insecticidal, acaricidal and / or fungicidal active ingredients, and adapted to the prevailing conditions. Mixtures of compounds of formula (I) with other insecticidal, acaricidal and / or fungicidal active ingredients can also have unexpected advantages, which can be described as synergistic activity in a broader sense. For example, better plant resistance, reduced phytotoxicity, insects can be controlled during their production, for example, during grinding or mixing, during their storage or during their use, at different developmental stages, or better behavior.

[0271] Suitable additives to the active ingredients herein are, for example, exemplified by the following classes of active ingredients: organophosphorus compounds, nitrophenol derivatives, thioureas, juvenile hormones, formamidines, benzophenone derivatives, urea, pyrrole derivatives, carbamates, pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, acylureas, pyridylmethyleneamino derivatives, macrolides, neonicotinoids and Bacillus thuringiensis preparations.

[0272] The following combinations of compounds of formula (I) with another active substance are preferred (wherein the abbreviation "TX" means one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or compounds shown in Tables A1-A2, or compounds listed in Table P (below)): An adjuvant selected from the group of substances consisting of petroleum (alternative name) (628) + TX; abamectin + TX, acequinocyl + TX, acetamiprid + TX, acetoprole + TX, acrinathrin + TX, acinonapyr + TX, afidopiropen + TX, afoxolaner + TX, alanycarb + TX, allethrin + TX, α-cypermethrin + TX, αmethrin + TX, amidoflumet + TX, aminocarb + TX, azocyclotine + TX, bensultap + TX, benzoximate + TX, benzpyrimoxane + TX, β-cyfluthrin + TX, β-cypermethrin + TX Methrin + TX, Bifenazate + TX, Bifenthrin + TX, Binapacryl + TX, Bioallethrin + TX, S-Bioallethrin + TX, Bioresmethrin + TX, Bistrifluron + TX, Bisulfen + TX, Brofuranilide + TX, Broflutrinate + TX, Bromophos-ethyl + TX, Buprofezin + TX, Butocarboxim + TX, Cadusafos + TX, Carbaryl + TX, Carbosulfan + TX, Cartap + TX, CAS Number: 1594624-87-9 + TX, CAS Number: 1922957-47-8 + TX, CAS Number: 1 255091-74-7+TX, CAS number: 1365070-72-9+TX, CAS number: 1445683-71-5+TX, CAS number: 1445684-82-1+TX, CAS number: 1594626-19-3+TX, CAS number: 1594637-65-6+TX , CAS number:1632218-00-8+TX, CAS number:1808115-49-2+TX, CAS number:1922957-46-7+TX, CAS number:1922957-48-9+TX, CAS number:1956329-03-5+TX, CAS number:1990457- 52-7+TX, CAS number:1990457-55-0+TX, CAS number:1990457-57-2+TX, CAS number:1990457-66-3+TX, CAS number:1990457-77-6+TX, CAS number:1990457-85-6+TX, CAS number:2 032403-97-5+TX, CAS number:2044701-44-0+TX, CAS number:2095470-94-1+TX, CAS number:2128706-04-5+TX, CAS number:2128706-05-6+TX, CAS number:2133042-31-4+TX,CAS No.: 2133042-44-9+TX, CAS No.: 2171099-09-3+TX, CAS No.: 2220132-55-6+TX, CAS No.: 2396747-83-2+TX, CAS No.: 2408220-91-5+TX, CAS No.: 2408220-94-8+TX, CAS No.: 2415706-16-8+TX, CAS No.: 2615135-05-0+TX, CAS No.: 2719848-60-7+TX, CAS No.: RNA (Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemLineata)-specific recombinant double-stranded interference (GS2) + TX, chlorantraniliprole + TX, chlordane + TX, chlorfenapyr + TX, chlorprallethrin + TX, chromafenozide + TX, clenpirin + TX, cloetocarb + TX, clothianidin + TX, 2-chlorophenyl N-methylcarbamate (CPMC) + TX, cyanofenphos + TX, cyantraniliprole + TX, cyclanilipro fluthrin + TX, cyclobutrifluram + TX, cycloprothrin + TX, cycloxapride + TX, cyenopyrafen + TX, cetopyrafen (or ethopyrafen) + TX, cyflumetofen + TX, cyfluthrin + TX, cyhalodiamide + TX, cyhalothrin + TX, cypermethrin + TX, cyphenothrin + TX, cyprofanilide + TX, cyromazine + TX, deltamethrin + TX, diafenthiuron + TX, dialifos +TX, Dibrom +TX, Dichloromezothiaz +TX, Diflobidazin +TX, Diflubenzuron +TX, Dinpropylidaz +TX, Dinactin +TX, Dinocap +TX, Dinotefuran +TX, Dioxabenzophos +TX, Emamectin (or Emamectin benzoate) +TX, Empenthrin +TX, Epsilon-Monfluorothrin +TX, Epsilon-Metofluthrin +TX, Esfenvalerate +TX, Ethion +T X, Ethiprole +TX, Etofenprox +TX, Etoxazole +TX, Famflur +TX, Fenazaquin +TX, Fenfluthrin +TX, Fenmezodithiaz +TX, Fenitrothion +TX, Fenobucarb +TX, Fenothiocarb +TX, Fenoxycarb +TX, Fenpropathrin +TX, Fenpyroximate +TX, Fensulfothion +TX, Fenthion +TX, Fentin acetate +TX,Fenvalerate +TX, Fipronil +TX, Flumetoquin +TX, Flonicamid +TX, Fluacrypyrim +TX, Fluazaindolizine +TX, Fluazuron +TX, Flubendiamide +TX, Flubenzimine +TX, Fluchlordiniliprole +TX, Flucythrinate +TX, Flucycloxuron +TX, Flucythrinate +TX, Fluensulfone +TX, Flufenerim +TX, Flufenprox +TX, Flufiprole +TX, Fluhexafon +TX, Flumethrin +TX, Fluopyram +TX, Flupentiofenox +TX , flupyradifurone +TX, flupiroxystrobin +TX, flupirimine +TX, fluralaner +TX, fluvalinate +TX, fluxamethamide +TX, fosthiazate +TX, gamma-cyhalothrin +TX, guadipyr +TX, halofenozide +TX, halfenprox +TX, heptafluthrin +TX, hexythiazox +TX, hydramethylnon +TX, imicyafos +TX, imidacloprid +TX, imiprothrin +TX, indazapiroxameth +TX, indoxacarb +TX, iodomethane +TX, iprodione +TX, isocyanate Cloceram +TX, Isoflualanum (CAS number: 2892524-05-7) +TX, Isothioate +TX, Ivermectin +TX, Kappa-bifenthrin +TX, Kappa-tefluthrin +TX, Lambda-cyhalothrin +TX, Redoprona +TX, Lepimectin +TX, Lotilaner +TX, Lufenuron +TX, Metaflumizone +TX, Metaldehyde +TX, Metam +TX, Methomyl +TX, Methoxyfenozide +TX, Metofluthrin +TX, Metolcarb +TX, Mexacarbate +TX, Milbemectin +TX, Momfluorotrin +TX X, niclosamide + TX, nicofluprole + TX; nitenpyram + TX, nithiazine + TX, omethoate + TX, oxamyl + TX, oxazosulfil + TX, parathion-ethyl + TX, permethrin + TX, fenothrin + TX, phosphocarb + TX, pioxaniliprole + TX, piperonyl butoxide + TX, piperfuranilide + TX, pirimicarb + TX, pirimiphos-ethyl + TX, pirimiphos-methyl + TX, polyhedrosis virus + TX, prallethrin + TX, profenofos + TX, profluthrin + TX, propargite + TX,Propetamphos +TX, Propoxur +TX, Prothiofos +TX, Protrifenbut +TX, Piflubumid +TX, Pymetrozine +TX, Pyraclofos +TX, Pyrafluprole +TX, Pyridaben +TX, Pyridalyl +TX, Pyrifluquinazon +TX, Pyrimidifen +TX, Pyriminostrobin +TX, Pyriprole +TX, Pyriproxyfen +TX, Resmethrin +TX, Sarolaner +TX, Selamectin +TX, Silafluofen +TX, Spinetoram +TX, Spinosad +TX, Spirodiclofen +TX, Spiromesifen +TX, Spiro Pidione + TX, spirotetramat + TX, spidoxamat + TX, sulfiflumin (CAS number: 2377084-09-6) + TX, sulfoxaflor + TX, tebufenozide + TX, tebufenpyrad + TX, tebupirimiphos + TX, tefluthrin + TX, temephos + TX, tetrachlorantraniliprole + TX, tetradifon + TX, tetramethrin + TX, tetramethylfluthrin + TX, tetranactin + TX, tetraniliprole + TX, theta-cypermethrin + TX, thiacloprid + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiocyclam + TX, thiodicarb + TX, Thiofanox +TX, Thiometon +TX, Thiosultap +TX, Tigoraner +TX, Thiolantraniliprole +TX; Thioxazaphen +TX, Tolfenpyrad +TX, Toxaphene +TX, Tralomethrin +TX, Transfluthrin +TX, Triazamate +TX, Triazophos +TX, Trichlorfon +TX, Trichloronate +TX, Trichlorfon +TX, Trifluenfuronate +TX, Triflumezopyrim +TX, Cyclopyrazoflurane +TX, Ze Tercypermethrin +TX, seaweed extract and fermentation product derived from Melasse +TX, seaweed extract and fermentation product derived from Melasse containing urea +TX, amino acids +TX, potassium and molybdenum and EDTA-chelated manganese +TX, seaweed extract and fermented plant product +TX, seaweed extract and fermented plant product containing plant hormones +TX, vitamins +TX, EDTA-chelated copper +TX, zinc +TX, and iron +TX, azadirachtin +TX, Bacillus aizawaii (Bacillus aizawai + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus AQ746 (NRRL accession number B-21618) + TX, Bacillus firmus + TX, Bacillus kurstaki + TX, Bacillus mycoides AQ726 (NRRL accession number B-21664) + TX, Bacillus pumilus (NRRL accession number B-30087) + TX, Bacillus pumilus AQ717 (NRRL accession number B-21662) + TX, Bacillus sp. AQ178 (ATCC accession number 53522) + TX, Bacillus sp.) AQ175 (ATCC accession number 55608) + TX, Bacillus sp.) AQ177 (ATCC accession number 55609) + TX, nonspecific Bacillus subtilis + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ153 (ATCC accession number 55614) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ30002 (NRRL accession number B-50421) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ30004 (NRRL accession number B-50455) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ713 (NRRL accession number B-21661) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ743 (NRRL accession number B-21665) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis AQ52 (NRRL accession number B-21619) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis BD#32 (NRRL accession number B-21530) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subspec. kurstaki BMP 123 + TX, Beauveria bassiana + TX, D-limonene + TX, granulosis virus + TX, harpin + TX, Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus + TX, Helicoverpa zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus + TX, Heliothis virescens nuclear polyhedrosis virus + TX, Heliothis punctigera punctigera) nuclear polyhedrosis virus +TX, Metarhizium spp.) + TX, Muscodor albus 620 (NRRL Accession No. 30547) + TX, Muscodor roseus A3-5 (NRRL Accession No. 30548) + TX, Neem tree-based products + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus + TX, Pasteuria nishizawae + TX, Pasteuria penetrans + TX, Pasteuria ramosa + TX, Pasteuria thornei + TX, Pasteuria usugae usgae + TX, P-cymene + TX, diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) granulosis virus + TX, diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) nuclear polyhedrosis virus + TX, polyhedrosis virus + TX, pyrethrum + TX, QRD 420 (terpenoid blend) + TX, QRD 452 (terpenoid blend) + TX, QRD 460 (terpenoid blend) + TX, Quillaja saponaria + TX, Rhodococcus globerulus AQ719 (NRRL accession number B-21663) + TX, Spodoptera frugiperda nuclear polyhedrosis virus + TX, Streptomyces gallus galbus (NRRL accession number 30232) + TX, Streptomyces sp. (NRRL accession number B-30145) + TX, terpenoid blend + TX, Verticillium spp. + TX;. an algicide selected from the group of substances consisting of bethoxadin [CCN] + TX, copper dioctanoate (IUPAC name) (170) + TX, copper sulfate (172) + TX, sibutrin [CCN] + TX, dichloron (1052) + TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX, endothal (295) + TX, fentin (347) + TX, hydrated lime [CCN] + TX, nabam (566) + TX, quinoclamine (714) + TX, quinonamide (1379) + TX, simazine (730) + TX, triphenyltin acetate (IUPAC name) (347) + TX, and triphenyltin hydroxide (IUPAC name) (347) + TX; an anthelmintic selected from the group of substances consisting of abamectin (1) + TX, crufomate (1011) + TX, cyclobutrifluram + TX, doramectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, emamectin (291) + TX, emamectin benzoate (291) + TX, eprinomectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, ivermectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, milbemycin oxime (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, moxidectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, piperazine [CCN] + TX, selamectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, spinosad (737) + TX, and thiophanate (1435) + TX; an avian repellent selected from the group of substances consisting of chloralose (127) + TX, endrin (1122) + TX, fenthion (346) + TX, pyridin-4-amine (IUPAC name) (23) + TX, and strychnine (745) + TX; 1-Hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thione (IUPAC name) (1222) + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (IUPAC name) (748) + TX, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate (446) + TX, bronopol (97) + TX, copper dioctanoate (IUPAC name) (170) + TX, copper hydroxide (IUPAC name) (169) + TX, cresol [CCN] + TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX, dipyrithione (1105) + TX, dodicine (1112) + TX, fenaminosulf (1144) + TX, formaldehyde (404) + TX, hydrargafen (alternative name) [CCN] + T a fungicide selected from the group of substances consisting of X, kasugamycin (483) + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate (483) + TX, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) (IUPAC name) (1308) + TX, nitrapyrin (580) + TX, octhilinone (590) + TX, oxolinic acid (606) + TX, oxytetracycline (611) + TX, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate (446) + TX, probenazole (658) + TX, streptomycin (744) + TX, streptomycin sesquisulfate (744) + TX, tecloftalam (766) + TX, and thiomersal (alternative name) [CCN] + TX; Adoxophyes orana GV (alternative name) (12) + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter (alternative name) (13) + TX, Amblyseius spp. (alternative name) (19) + TX, Anagrapha falcifera NPV (alternative name) (28) + TX, Anagrus atomus (alternative name) (29) + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis (alternative name) (33) + TX, Aphidius colemani (alternative name) (34) + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (alternate name) (35) + TX, Autographa californica NPV (alternate name) (38) + TX, Bacillus firmus (alternate name) (48) + TX, Bacillus sphaericus Neide (scientific name) (49) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (scientific name) (51) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (scientific name) (51) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (scientific name) (51) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. japonensis (scientific name) (51) + TX, thuringiensis subsp. japonensis (scientific name) (51) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (scientific name) (51) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis (scientific name) (51) + TX, Beauveria bassiana (alternate name) (53) + TX, Beauveria brongniartii (alternate name) (54) + TX, Chrysoperla carnea (alternate name) (151) + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (alternate name) (178) + TX, Cydia pomonella GV (alternate name) (191) + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (alternate name) (212) + TX, Diglyphus isaea (alternate name) (254) + TX, Encarsia formosa (scientific name) (293) + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (alternate name) (300) + TX, Helicoverpa zea NPV (alternate name) (431) + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis (alternate name) (433) + TX, Hippodamia convergens (alternate name) (442) + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii (alternate name) (488) + TX, Macrolophus caliginosus (alternate name) (491) + TX, Mamestra brassicae NPV (alternate name) (494) + TX, Metaphycus helvolus (alternate name) (522) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum (scientific name) (523) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (scientific name) (523) + TX, Neodiprion sertifer NPV and N. lecontei (N.lecontei NPV (alternate name) (575) + TX, Orius spp. (alternate name) (596) + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (alternate name) (613) + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis (alternate name) (644) + TX, Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (scientific name) (741) + TX, Steinernema bibionis (alternate number) (742) + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae (alternate name) (742) + TX, Steinernema felziae feltiae (alternate name) (742) + TX, Steinernema glaseri (alternate name) (742) + TX, Steinernema riobrave (alternate name) (742) + TX, Steinernema riobravis (alternate name) (742) + TX, Steinernema scapterisci (alternate name) (742) + TX, Steinernema spp. (alternate name) (742) + TX, Trichogramma spp. (alternate name) (826) + TX, Typhlodromus occidentalis a biological agent selected from the group consisting of Verticillium lecanii (alternative name) (848) + TX, Verticillium occidentalis (alternative name) (844) + TX, and Verticillium lecanii (alternative name) (848) + TX; a soil sterilizing agent selected from the group of substances consisting of iodomethane (IUPAC name) (542) + TX and methyl bromide (537) + TX; an antisterilizing agent selected from the group of substances consisting of Afolate [CCN] + TX, Visadyl (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Busulfan (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Diflubenzuron (250) + TX, Dimatif (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Hemel [CCN] + TX, Hempa [CCN] + TX, Metepa [CCN] + TX, Methiotepa [CCN] + TX, Methyl Afolate [CCN] + TX, Morzide [CCN] + TX, Penfluron (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Tepa [CCN] + TX, Thiohempa (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Thiotepa (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Tretamine (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, and Uredepa (alternative name) [CCN] + TX; (E)-Deca-5-en-1-yl acetate and (E)-dec-5-en-1-ol (IUPAC name) (222) + TX, (E)-tridec-4-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (829) + TX, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol (IUPAC name) (541) + TX, (E,Z)-tetradec-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (779) + TX, (Z)-dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (285) + TX, (Z)-hexa Dec-11-enal (IUPAC name) (436) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (437) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (438) + TX, (Z)-icos-13-en-10-one (IUPAC name) (448) + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al (IUPAC name) (782) + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-ol (IUPAC name) (783) + TX, (Z) -Tetradeca-9-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (784) + TX, (7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (283) + TX, (9Z,11E)-tetradeca-9,11-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (780) + TX, (9Z,12E)-tetradeca-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (781) + TX, 14-methyloctadec-1-ene (IUPAC name) (545) + TX, 4-methylnonan-5-ol and 4-methylnonan-5-one (IUPAC name) (544) + TX, alpha-multistriatin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, brevicomin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, codrelure (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, codlemone (alternative name) (167) + TX, cucurua (alternative name) (179) + TX, disparlure (277) + TX, dodec-8-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (286) + TX, dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (287) + TX, dodec-8,10-Dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (284) + TX, Dominicale (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate (IUPAC name) (317) + TX, Eugenol (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Frontalin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Gossyplure® (alternative name; 1:1 mixture of the (Z,E) and (Z,Z) isomers of hexadeca-7,11-dien-1-yl acetate) (420) + TX, Grandeur (421) + TX, Grandeur I (Alternate Name) (421) + TX, Grand Lure II (Alternate Name) (421) + TX, Grand Lure III (Alternate Name) (421) + TX, Grand Lure IV (Alternate Name) (421) + TX, Hexalua [CCN] + TX, Ipsdienol (Alternate Name) [CCN] + TX, Ipsenol (Alternate Name) [CCN] + TX, Japonirua (Alternate Name) (481) + TX, Lineatin (Alternate Name) [CCN] + TX, Littleua (Alternate Name) [CCN] + TX, Looplua (Alternate Name) [CCN] + TX, Medlura [CCN] + TX, megatomoic acid (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, methyleugenol (alternative name) (540) + TX, muscalua (563) + TX, octadeca-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (588) + TX, octadeca-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (589) + TX, orfuralua (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, orictalua (alternative name) (317) + TX, ostramon (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, siglua [CCN] + TX, sordidin (alternative name) an insect pheromone selected from the group of substances consisting of sulcatol (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (785) + TX, trimedlure (839) + TX, trimedlure A (alternative name) (839) + TX, trimedlure B1 (alternative name) (839) + TX, trimedlure B2 (alternative name) (839) + TX, trimedlure C (alternative name) (839) and trunc-call (alternative name) [CCN] + TX; an insect repellent selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-(octylthio)ethanol (IUPAC name) (591) + TX, butopyronoxyl (933) + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) (936) + TX, dibutyl adipate (IUPAC name) (1046) + TX, dibutyl phthalate (1047) + TX, dibutyl succinate (IUPAC name) (1048) + TX, diethyltoluamide [CCN] + TX, dimethylcarbate [CCN] + TX, dimethyl phthalate [CCN] + TX, ethyl hexanediol (1137) + TX, hexamide [CCN] + TX, methoquin-butyl (1276) + TX, methyl neodecanoamide [CCN] + TX, oxamate [CCN] + TX, and picaridin [CCN] + TX; Bis(tributyltin) oxide (IUPAC name) (913) + TX, bromoacetamide [CCN] + TX, calcium arsenate [CCN] + TX, cloetocarb (999) + TX, copper acetarsenite [CCN] + TX, copper sulfate (172) + TX, fentin (347) + TX, ferric phosphate (IUPAC name) (352) + TX, metaldehyde (518) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, niclosamide (576) + TX, niclosamide-olamine (576) + TX, pentachlorophenone a molluscicide selected from the group of substances consisting of thiazolinone (623) + TX, sodium pentachlorophenoxide (623) + TX, thazimcarb (1412) + TX, thiodicarb (799) + TX, tributyltin oxide (913) + TX, triphenmorph (1454) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, triphenyltin acetate (IUPAC name) (347) + TX, triphenyltin hydroxide (IUPAC name) (347) + TX, and pyriprole [394730-71-3] + TX; AKD-3088 (compound code) + TX, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (IUPAC / Chemical Abstracts Name) (1045) + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane (IUPAC / Chemical Abstracts Name) (1062) + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane and 1,3-dichloropropene (IUPAC Name) (1063) + TX, 1,3-dichloropropene (233) + TX, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide (IUPAC / Chemical Abstracts Name) (Plastic name) (1065) + TX, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine (IUPAC name) (980) + TX, 5-methyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid (IUPAC name) (1286) + TX, 6-isopentenylaminopurine (alternative name) (210) + TX, abamectin (1) + TX, acetoprole [CCN] + TX, alanycarb (15) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX, aldoxicarb (863) + TX, AZ60541 (compound code) + TX, benclotiaz [CCN] + TX, benomyl (62) + TX, butylpyridaben (alternative name) + TX, cadusafos (109) + TX, carbofuran (118) + TX, carbon disulfide (945) + TX, carbosulfan (119) + TX, chloropicrin (141) + TX, chlorpyrifos (145) + TX, cloetocarb (999) + TX, cyclobutrifluram + TX, cytokinin (alternative name) (210) + T X, Dazomet (216) + TX, DBCP (1045) + TX, DCIP (218) + TX, Diamidaphos (1044) + TX, Diclofenthion (1051) + TX, Dicrifos (alternative name) + TX, Dimethoate (262) + TX, Doramectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Emamectin (291) + TX, Emamectin Benzoate (291) + TX, Eprinomectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Ethoprophos (312) + TX, Ethyl Dibromide len (316) + TX, fenamiphos (326) + TX, fenpyrad (alternative name) + TX, fensulfothion (1158) + TX, fosthiazate (408) + TX, fostietan (1196) + TX, furfural (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, GY-81 (development code) (423) + TX, heterophos [CCN] + TX, iodomethane (IUPAC name) (542) + TX, isamidophos (1230) + TX, isazophos (1231) + TX, ebe Lumectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Kinetin (alternative name) (210) + TX, Mecarfone (1258) + TX, Metam (519) + TX, Metam-potassium (alternative name) (519) + TX, Metam-sodium (519) + TX, Methyl bromide (537) + TX, Methyl isothiocyanate (543) + TX, Milbemycin oxime (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Moxidectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Myrotheciumverrucaria) Composition (alternative name) (565) + TX, NC-184 (compound code) + TX, Oxamyl (602) + TX, Phorate (636) + TX, Phosphamidon (639) + TX, Phosphocarb [CCN] + TX, Cebufos (alternative name) + TX, Selamectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Spinosad (737) + TX, Turbam (alternative name) + TX, Terbufos (773) + TX, Tetrachlorothiophene (IUPA a nematicide selected from the group of substances consisting of C / Chemical Abstracts Name) (1422) + TX, Thiafenox (alternative name) + TX, Thionazine (1434) + TX, Triazophos (820) + TX, Triazuron (alternative name) + TX, Xylenol [CCN] + TX, YI-5302 (Compound Code) + TX, Zeatin (alternative name) (210) + TX, Fluensulfone [318290-98-1] + TX, and Fluopyram + TX; a nitrification inhibitor selected from the group of substances consisting of potassium ethylxanthate [CCN] + TX, and nitrapyrin (580) + TX; a plant activator selected from the group of substances consisting of acibenzolar (6) + TX, acibenzolar-S-methyl (6) + TX, probenazole (658) + TX, and Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (alternative name) (720) + TX; 2-Isovalerylindan-1,3-dione (IUPAC name) (1246) + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (IUPAC name) (748) + TX, alpha-chlorohydrin [CCN] + TX, aluminum phosphide (640) + TX, anthraquinone (880) + TX, arsenic trioxide (882) + TX, barium carbonate (891) + TX, bisthiosemicarbamate (912) + TX, brodifacoum (89) + TX, bromadiolone (including alpha-bromadiolone) + TX , Bromethalin (92) + TX, Calcium cyanide (444) + TX, Chloralose (127) + TX, Chlorophacinone (140) + TX, Cholecalciferol (alternative name) (850) + TX, Coumarol (1004) + TX, Coumafuryl (1005) + TX, Coumatetralyl (175) + TX, Crimidine (1009) + TX, Difenacoum (246) + TX, Difethialone (249) + TX, Diphacinone (273) + TX, Ergocalciferol (301) + TX, Flocouma Phen (357) + TX, Fluoroacetamide (379) + TX, Flupropazine (1183) + TX, Flupropazine Hydrochloride (1183) + TX, Gamma-HCH (430) + TX, HCH (430) + TX, Hydrogen Cyanide (444) + TX, Iodomethane (IUPAC name) (542) + TX, Lindane (430) + TX, Magnesium Phosphide (IUPAC name) (640) + TX, Methyl Bromide (537) + TX, Norbormide (1318) + TX, Fosacetim (1336) + TX, Phosphine a rodenticide selected from the group of substances consisting of (IUPAC name) (640) + TX, phosphorus [CCN] + TX, pindone (1341) + TX, potassium arsenite [CCN] + TX, pyrinuron (1371) + TX, sciliroside (1390) + TX, sodium arsenite [CCN] + TX, sodium cyanide (444) + TX, sodium fluoroacetate (735) + TX, strychnine (745) + TX, thallium sulfate [CCN] + TX, warfarin (851) + TX, and zinc phosphide (640) + TX; a synergist selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate (IUPAC name) (934) + TX, 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone (IUPAC name) (903) + TX, farnesol and nerolidol (alternative names) (324) + TX, MB-599 (development code) (498) + TX, MGK 264 (development code) (296) + TX, piperonyl butoxide (649) + TX, piperotal (1343) + TX, propyl isomer (1358) + TX, S421 (development code) (724) + TX, sesamex (1393) + TX, sesasmolin (1394) + TX, and sulfoxide (1406) + TX; an animal repellent selected from the group of substances consisting of anthraquinone (32) + TX, chloralose (127) + TX, copper naphthenate [CCN] + TX, copper oxychloride (171) + TX, diazinon (227) + TX, dicyclopentadiene (chemical name) (1069) + TX, guazatine (422) + TX, guazatine acetate (422) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, pyridin-4-amine (IUPAC name) (23) + TX, thiram (804) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, zinc naphthenate [CCN] + TX, and ziram (856) + TX; a virucidal agent selected from the group of substances consisting of Imanin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, and Ribavirin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX; a wound protectant selected from the group of substances consisting of mercuric oxide (512) + TX, octilinone (590) + TX, and thiophanate-methyl (802) + TX; 1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol + TX, 2,4-dichlorophenylbenzenesulfonate + TX, 2-fluoro-N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide + TX, 4-chlorophenylphenylsulfone + TX, acetoprole + TX, aldoxicarb + TX, amidithione + TX, amidothioate + TX, amiton + TX, amiton hydrogen oxalate + TX, amitraz + TX, alamite + TX, arsenic trioxide + TX, azobenzene + TX, azotoate + TX, benomyl + TX, benoxaphos + TX, benzyl benzoate Ndil + TX, Bixafen + TX, Brofenvalerate + TX, Bromocyclen + TX, Bromophos + TX, Bromopropylate + TX, Buprofezin + TX, Butocarboxim + TX, Butoxycarboxim + TX, Butylpyridaben + TX, Calcium polysulfide + TX, Camphechlor + TX, Carbanolate + TX, Carbophenothion + TX, Cimiazole + TX, Quinomethionate + TX, Chlorbeside + TX, Chlordimeform + TX, Chlordimeform Hydrochloride + TX, Chlorphenetole + TX, Chlorfenson + TX, Chlorphenesol Lofensulfide +TX, chlorobenzilate +TX, chlormebform +TX, chloromethiuron +TX, chloropropylate +TX, chlorthiophos +TX, cinerin I +TX, cinerin II +TX, cinerins +TX, closantel +TX, coumaphos +TX, crotamiton +TX, crotoxyphos +TX, khuraeb +TX, cyanthoate +TX, DCPM +TX, DDT +TX, Demefion +TX, Demefion-O +TX, Demefion-S +TX, Demeton-methyl +TX, Demeton-O +TX, Demeton-O-methyl +TX, Demeton Demeton-S+TX, Demeton-S-methyl+TX, Demeton-S-methylsulfone+TX, Dichlofluanid+TX, Dichlorvos+TX, Dicrifos+TX, Dienochlor+TX, Dimefox+TX, Zinex+TX, Zinex-Diclexin+TX, Dinocap-4+TX, Dinocap-6+TX, Dinocton+TX, Dino-penton+TX, Dinosulfone+TX, Dinotervone+TX, Dioxathion+TX, Diphenylsulfone+TX, Disulfiram+TX, DNOC+TX, Dofenapine+TX, Doramectin+TX, Endothion+TX,Epirinomectin +TX, Ethoate-methyl +TX, Etrimphos +TX, Fenazaflor +TX, Fenbutatin Oxide +TX, Fenothiocarb +TX, Fenpyrad +TX, Fen-pyroximate +TX, Fenpyrazamine +TX, Fenson +TX, Fentrifanil +TX, Flubenzimine +TX, Flucycloxuron +TX, Fluenethyl +TX, Fluorobenside +TX, FMC 1137 +TX, Formetanate +TX, Formetanate Hydrochloride +TX, Formoparanate +TX, Gamma-HCH +TX, Gliodin +TX, Halfenprox +TX, Hexadecylcyclopropanecarboxylate +TX, Isocarbophos +TX, Jasmolin I +TX, Jasmolin II +TX, Iodofenphos +TX, Lindane +TX, Malonoben +TX, Mecarbam +TX, Mefosfolan +TX, Mesulfen +TX, Methacrifos + TX, methyl bromide + TX, metolcarb + TX, mexacarbate + TX, milbemycin oxime + TX, mipafox + TX, monocrotophos + TX, morphothion + TX, moxidectin + TX, naled + TX, 4-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2-methyl-propyl)-5-[(6-iodo-3-pyridyl)methoxy]pyridazin-3-one + TX, nifururidide + TX, nikkomycin + TX, nitrilacarb + TX, nitrilacarb 1:1 salt Zinc chloride complex +TX, omethoate +TX, oxydeprophos +TX, oxydisulfoton +TX, pp'-DDT +TX, parathion +TX, permethrin +TX, fenkapton +TX, phosalone +TX, phospholan +TX, phosphamidon +TX, polychloroterpene +TX, polynactin complex +TX, proclonol +TX, promacyl +TX, propoxur +TX, protidathion +TX, prothoate +TX, pyrethrin I +TX, pyrethrin Phosphorus II + TX, pyrethrins + TX, pyridaphenthion + TX, pirimitate + TX, quinalphos + TX, quinthiofos + TX, R-1492 + TX, phosglycine + TX, rotenone + TX, Schradan + TX, cevufos + TX, selamectin + TX, sofamid + TX, SSI-121 + TX, sulfiram + TX, sulfuramide + TX, sulfotep + TX, sulfur + TX, diflobidazin + TX, tau-fluvalinate + TX, TEPP + TX,Turbam + TX, Tetradifon + TX, Tetrasul + TX, Thiafenox + TX, Thiocarboxim + TX, Thiofanox + TX, Thiometon + TX, Thioquinox + TX, Thuringiensin + TX, Triamiphos + TX, Triaten + TX, Triazophos + TX, Triazuron + TX, Trifenofos + TX, Trinactin + TX, Vamidothion + TX, Vaniliprole + TX, Bethoxazin + TX, Geo Copper octanoate +TX, copper sulfate +TX, sibutrin +TX, dichloren +TX, dichlorophen +TX, endothall +TX, fentin +TX, hydrated lime +TX, nabam +TX, quinoclamine +TX, quinonamide +TX, simazine +TX, triphenyltin acetate +TX, triphenyltin hydroxide +TX, crufomate +TX, piperazine +TX, thiophanate +TX, chloralose +TX, fenthion +TX, pyridine-4- Amines + TX, Strychnine + TX, 1-Hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thione + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide + TX, 8-Hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, Bronopol + TX, Copper hydroxide + TX, Cresol + TX, Dipyrithione + TX, Dodisin + TX, Fenaminosulf + TX, Formaldehyde + TX, Hydralgafen + TX, Kasugamycin + TX, Kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate + TX, Nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) + TX, Nitrapyrin + TX, Octilinone + TX, Oxolinic acid + TX, Oxytetracycline + TX, Hydroxyquinoline potassium sulfate + TX, Probenazole + TX, Streptomycin + TX, Streptomycin sesquisulfate + TX, Tecloftalam + TX, Thiomersal + TX, Adoxophyes orana orana GV+TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter+TX, Amblyseius spp.+TX, Anagrapha falcifera NPV+TX, Anagrus atomus+TX, Aphelinus abdominalis+TX, Aphidius colemani+TX,Aphidoletes aphidimyza + TX, Autographa californica NPV + TX, Bacillus sphaericus Neide + TX, Beauveria brongniartii + TX, Chrysoperla carnea + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri + TX, Cydia pomonella GV + TX, Dacnusa sibirica + TX, Diglyphus isaea + TX, Encarsia formosa + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis + TX, Hippodamia convergens + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii + TX, Macrolophus caliginosus + TX, Mamestra brassicae NPV + TX, Metaphycus helvolus + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae + TX, Neodiprion sertifer NPV and N.lecontei NPV+TX, Orius spp.+TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus+TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis+TX, Steinernema bibionis+TX,Steinernema carpocapsae + TX, Steinernema feltiae + TX, Steinernema glaseri + TX, Steinernema riobrave + TX, Steinernema riobravis + TX, Steinernema scapterisci + TX, Steinernema spp. + TX, Trichogramma spp. + TX, Typhlodromus occidentalis + TX, Verticillium lecanii) + TX, afolate + TX, Visadil + TX, Busulfan + TX, Dimatif + TX, Hemel + TX, Hempa + TX, Metepa + TX, Methiotepa + TX, Methyl afolate + TX, Molzide + TX, Penfluron + TX, Tepa + TX, Thiohempa + TX, Thiotepa + TX, Tretamine + TX, Uredepa + TX, (E)-Deca-5-en-1-yl acetate and (E)-Deca-5-en-1-ol + TX, (E)-Trideca-4-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol + TX, (E,Z)-Tetradeca-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-Dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z) -Hexadec-11-enal + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-icosa-13-en-10-one + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-ol + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,11E)-tetradec-9,11-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,12E)-tetradec-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, 14-methyloctadec-1-ene + TX,4-methylnonan-5-ol and 4-methylnonan-5-one + TX, alpha-multistriatin + TX, Brevicomin + TX, Codrelua + TX, Codlemone + TX, Cureua + TX, Disparlua + TX, Dodec-8-en-1-yl acetate + TX, Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, Dodeca-8,10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, Dominicale + TX, Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate + TX, Eugenol + TX, Frontalin + TX, Grand Lure + TX, Grand Lure I + TX, Grand Lure II + TX, Grand Lure III + TX, Grand Lure IV + TX, Hexalua + TX, Ipsdienol + TX, Ipsenol + TX, Japonilua + TX, Lineatin + TX, Littlea + TX, Looplua + TX, Medlua +TX, megatomoic acid +TX, methyl eugenol +TX, muscalure +TX, octadeca-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate +TX, octadeca-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate +TX, orfuralure +TX, orictalure +TX, ostramon +TX, siglua +TX, sordidin +TX, sulcatol +TX, tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetate +TX, trimedlure +TX, trimedlure A +TX, trimedlure B1 +TX, trimedlure B2 +TX, trimedlure C +TX, trunk-ca ll) + TX, 2-(octylthio)-ethanol + TX, butopyronoxyl + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) + TX, dibutyl adipate + TX, dibutyl phthalate + TX, dibutyl succinate + TX, diethyltoluamide + TX, dimethylcarbate + TX, dimethyl phthalate + TX, ethyl hexanediol + TX, hexamide + TX, methoquin-butyl + TX, methyl neodecaneamide + TX, oxamate + TX, picaridin + TX, 1-dichloro-1-nitroethane + TX, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-ethyl (phenyl)-ethane + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane and 1,3-dichloropropene + TX, 1-bromo-2-chloroethane + TX, 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl) ethyl acetate + TX, 2,2-dichlorovinyl 2-ethylsulfinylethyl methyl phosphate + TX, 2-(1,3-dithiolan-2-yl)phenyl dimethyl carbamate + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate + TX, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenyl methyl carbamate + TX,2-(4-chloro-3,5-xylyloxy)ethanol + TX, 2-chlorovinyldiethylphosphate + TX, 2-imidazolidone + TX, 2-isovalerylindan-1,3-dione + TX, 2-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)aminophenylmethylcarbamate + TX, 2-thiocyanatoethyl laurate + TX, 3-bromo-1-chloroprop-1-ene + TX, 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-yldimethylcarbamate + TX, 4-methyl(prop (2-ynyl)amino-3,5-xylylmethylcarbamate + TX, 5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-enyldimethylcarbamate + TX, acetione + TX, acrylonitrile + TX, aldrin + TX, allosamidin + TX, alixycarb + TX, alpha-ecdysone + TX, aluminum phosphide + TX, aminocarb + TX, anabasine + TX, atidathion + TX, azamethiphos + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillus thuringiensis) delta-endotoxin +TX, barium hexafluorosilicate +TX, barium sulfide +TX, bartholin +TX, Bayer 22 / 190 +TX, Bayer 22408 +TX, beta-cyfluthrin +TX, beta-cypermethrin +TX, bioethanomethrin +TX, biopermethrin +TX, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether +TX, borax +TX, bromfenvinphos +TX, bromo-DDT +TX, bufencarb +TX, butacarb +TX, butathiophos +TX, Butonate +TX, calcium arsenate +TX, calcium cyanide +TX, carbon disulfide +TX, carbon tetrachloride +TX, cartap hydrochloride +TX, sevadin +TX, chlorbicyclen +TX, chlordane +TX, chlordecone +TX, chloroform +TX, chloropicrin +TX, chlorphoxim +TX, chlorprazophos +TX, cis-resmethrin +TX, cismethrin +TX, clocitrin +TX, copper acetoarsenite +TX, copper arsenate +TX, copper oleate +TX, chumithoate +TX, cryolite +TX, CS 708 +TX, cyanofenphos +TX, cyanophos +TX, cyclethrin +TX, cythioate +TX, d-tetramethrin +TX, DAEP +TX, dazomet +TX, decarbofuran +TX, diamidaphos +TX, dikapton +TX, diclofenthion +TX,Dicresyl + TX, Dicyclanil + TX, Dieldrin + TX, Diethyl 5-methylpyrazol-3-yl phosphate + TX, Dilor + TX, Dimefluthrin + TX, Dimethane + TX, Dimethryn + TX, Dimethylvinphos + TX, Dimethylan + TX, Dinoprop + TX, Dinosam + TX, Dinoseb + TX, Diofenolan + TX, Dioxabenzophos + TX, Dicyclophos + TX, DSP + TX, Ecdysterone + TX, EI 1642+TX, EMPC+TX, EPBP+TX, Ethaphos+TX, Ethiofencarb+TX, Ethyl formate+TX, Ethylene dibromide+TX, Ethylene dichloride+TX, Ethylene oxide+TX, EXD+TX, Fenchlorphos+TX, Fenetacarb+TX, Fenitrothion+TX, Fenoxacrim+TX, Fenpyrithrin+TX, Fensulfothion+TX, Fenthion-ethyl+TX, Flucofuron+TX, Fosmetilan+T X, Hospirate + TX, Hostietan + TX, Furathiocarb + TX, Freslin + TX, Guazatine + TX, Guazatine acetate + TX, Sodium tetrathiocarbonate + TX, Halfenprox + TX, HCH + TX, HEOD + TX, Heptachlor + TX, Heterofos + TX, HHDN + TX, Hydrogen cyanide + TX, Hikincarb + TX, IPSP + TX, Isazophos + TX, Isobenzane + TX, Isodrin + TX, Isofenphos + T X, Isolane + TX, Isoprothiolane + TX, Isoxathion + TX, Juvenile Hormone I + TX, Juvenile Hormone II + TX, Juvenile Hormone III + TX, Kelevan + TX, Kinoprene + TX, Lead Arsenate + TX, Leptophos + TX, Lilimphos + TX, Ritidathion + TX, m-Cumenylmethylcarbamate + TX, Magnesium Phosphide + TX, Magidox + TX, Mecarfone + TX, Menasone + TX, Mercurous Chloride + TX, Mesulfenphos + TX, Metam + TX, Metam-potassium + TX, Metam-sodium + TX, Methanesulfonic acid fluoride + TX, Metocrotophos + TX, Methoprene + TX, Methotrin + TX, Methoxychlor + TX, Methyl isothiocyanate + TX, Methyl chloroform + TX, Methylene chloride + TX, Methoxadiazone + TX, Mirex + TX, Naphthalophos + TX, Naphthalene + TX, NC-170 + TX, Nicotine + TX, Nicotine sulfate + TX,Nithiazine + TX, nornicotine + TX, O-5-dichloro-4-iodophenyl O-ethyl ethylphosphonothioate + TX, O,O-diethyl O-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl phosphorothioate + TX, O,O-diethyl O-6-methyl-2-propylpyrimidin-4-yl phosphorothioate + TX, O,O,O',O'-tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate + TX, oleic acid + TX, para-dichlorobenzene + TX, parathion-methyl + TX, pentachlorophenol + TX, pentachlorophenyl laurate + TX, PH 60-38 + TX, Fenkapton + TX, Fosnichlor + TX, Phosphine + TX, Phoxim-methyl + TX, Pyrimetaphos + TX, Polychlorodicyclopentadiene Isomers + TX, Potassium Arsenite + TX, Potassium Thiocyanate + TX, Precocene I + TX, Precocene II + TX, Precocene III + TX, Primidophos + TX, Profluthrin + TX, Promecarb + TX, Prothiofos + TX, Pyrazo Phos+TX, Pyresmethrin+TX, Cassia+TX, Quinalphos-methyl+TX, Quinothione+TX, Lafoxanide+TX, Resmethrin+TX, Rotenone+TX, Kadetrin+TX, Riania+TX, Ryanodine+TX, Sabadila+TX, Schradan+TX, Cebufos+TX, SI-0009+TX, Tiapronil+TX, Sodium arsenite+TX, Sodium cyanide+TX, Sodium fluoride+TX, Sodium hexafluorosilicate +TX, pentachlorophenoxide sodium salt +TX, sodium selenate +TX, sodium thiocyanate +TX, sulcofuron +TX, sulcofuron-sodium +TX, sulfuryl fluoride +TX, sulprofos +TX, tar oil +TX, thazimcarb +TX, TDE +TX, tebupirimfos +TX, temephos +TX, telalethrin +TX, tetrachloroethane +TX, cyclofos +TX, thiocyclam +TX, thiocyclam oxalate +TX, thionazine +TX, thiosultap +TX, thiosultap-sodium +TX, tralomethrin +TX, transpermethrin +TX, triazamate +TX, trichlormetaphos-3 +TX, trichloronate +TX, trimethacarb +TX, tolprocarb +TX, triclopiricarb +TX, triplen +TX, veratridine +TX,Veratrine + TX, XMC + TX, Zetamethrin + TX, Zinc phosphide + TX, Zolaprofos + TX, Meperfluthrin + TX, Tetramethylfluthrin + TX, Bis(tributyltin) oxide + TX, Bromoacetamide + TX, Ferric phosphate + TX, Niclosamide-olamine + TX, Tributyltin oxide + TX, Pyrimorph + TX, Trifenmorph + TX, 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane + TX, 1,3-Dichloropropene + TX, 3, 4-Dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide + TX, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine + TX, 5-methyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid + TX, 6-isopentenylaminopurine + TX, anicifluprine + TX, benclothiaz + TX, cytokinin + TX, DCIP + TX, furfural + TX, isamidophos + TX, kinetin + TX, Myrothecium verrucaria) composition +TX, tetrachlorothiophene +TX, xylenol +TX, zeatin +TX, potassium ethylxanthate +TX, acibenzolar +TX, acibenzolar-S-methyl +TX, giant knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis) extract +TX, alpha-chlorohydrin +TX, anthocyanin +TX, barium carbonate +TX, bisthiosemi +TX, brodifacoum +TX, bromadiolone +TX, bromethalin +TX, chlorophacinone +TX, cholecalciferol +TX, coumachlor +TX, coumafuryl +TX, coumatetralyl +TX, crimidine +TX, difenacoum +TX, difethialone +TX, diphacinone +TX, ergocalciferol +TX, flocoumafen +TX, Fluoroacetamide + TX, flupropazine + TX, flupropazine hydrochloride + TX, norbormide + TX, fosacetim + TX, phosphorus + TX, pindone + TX, pyrinuron + TX, sciliroside + TX, sodium fluoroacetate + TX, thallium sulfate + TX, warfarin + TX, -2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate + TX, 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone + TX, farnesol and nerolidol + TX, berubutin + TX, MGK 264+TX, piperonyl butoxide+TX, piprotal+TX, propyl isomers+TX, S421+TX, sesamex+TX, sesasmolin+TX, sulfoxide+TX, anthraquinone+TX, copper naphthenate+TX, copper oxychloride+TX, dicyclopentadiene+TX, thiram+TX, zinc naphthenate+TX, ziram+TX, imanin+TX, ribavirin+TX, chlorinconazide+TX, mercuric oxide+TX, Thiophanate-methyl + TX, Azaconazole + TX, Bitertanol + TX, Bromuconazole + TX, Cyproconazole + TX, Difenoconazole + TX, Diniconazole + TX, Epoxiconazole + TX, Fenbuconazole + TX, Fluquinconazole + TX, Flusilazole + TX, Flutriafol + TX, Furametpyr + TX, Hexaconazole + TX, Imazalil + TX, Imiben-conazole + TX , ipconazole + TX, metconazole + TX, myclobutanil + TX, paclobutrazol + TX, pefurazoate + TX, penconazole + TX, prothioconazole + TX, pyrifenox + TX, prochloraz + TX, propiconazole + TX, pyrisoxazole + TX, -simeconazole + TX, tebuconazole + TX, tetraconazole + TX, triadimefon + TX, triadimenol + TX, triflu Mizole + TX, triticonazole + TX, ancymidol + TX, fenarimol + TX, nuarimol + TX, bupirimate + TX, dimethirimol + TX, ethirimol + TX, dodemorph + TX, fenpropidin + TX, fenpropimorph + TX, spiroxamine + TX, tridemorph + TX, cyprodinil + TX, mepanipyrim + TX, pyrimethanil + TX, fenpiclonil + TX, fludioxonil + TX,Benalaxyl +TX, Furalaxyl +TX, Metalaxyl +TX, R-Metalaxyl +TX, Ofurace +TX, Oxadixyl +TX, Carbendazim +TX, Debacarb +TX, Fuberidazole +TX, Thiabendazole +TX, Chlozolinate +TX, Dichlozolin +TX, Mycrozolin +TX, Procymidone +TX, Vinclozolin +TX, Boscalid +TX, Carboxin +TX, Fenfuram +TX, Flutolanil +TX, Mepronil +TX, Oxycarboxin +TX, Penthiopyrad +TX, Thifluzamide +TX, Dodine +TX, Iminoc Tajine +TX, Azoxystrobin +TX, Dimoxystrobin +TX, Enestrobulin +TX, Phenaminestrobin +TX, Flufenoxystrobin +TX, Fluoxastrobin +TX, Kresoxim-methyl +TX, Metominostrobin +TX, Trifloxystrobin +TX, Orysastrobin +TX, Picoxystrobin +TX, Pyraclostrobin +TX, Pyrametstrobin +TX, Pyraoxystrobin +TX, Ferbam +TX, Mancozeb +TX, Maneb +TX, Metiram +TX, Propineb +TX, Zineb +TX, Captafo ol + TX, captan + TX, fluoroimide + TX, folpet + TX, tolylfluanid + TX, Bordeaux mixture + TX, copper oxide + TX, mancopper + TX, oxine-copper + TX, nitrothal-isopropyl + TX, edifenphos + TX, iprobenfos + TX, phosdifen + TX, tolclofos-methyl + TX, anilazine + TX, benthiavalicarb + TX, blasticidin-S + TX, chloroneb + ​​TX, chlorothalonil + TX, cyflufenamid + TX, cymoxanil + TX, cyclobutrifluram + TX, diclocymet + TX, di Clomedine + TX, Dicloran + TX, Diethofencarb + TX, Dimethomorph + TX, Flumorph + TX, Dithianon + TX, Ethaboxam + TX, Etridiazole + TX, Famoxadone + TX, Fenamidon + TX, Fenoxanil + TX, Ferimzone + TX, Fluazinam + TX, Flumethylsulfolim + TX, Fluopicolide + TX, Fluoxythioconazole + TX, Flusulfamide + TX, Fluxapyroxad + TX, Fenhexamid + TX, Fosetyl-aluminum + TX, Hymexazole + TX, Iprovalicarb + TX,Cyazofamid +TX, methasulfocarb +TX, metrafenone +TX, pencycuron +TX, phthalide +TX, polyoxin +TX, propamocarb +TX, pyribencarb +TX, proquinazid +TX, pyroquilon +TX, pyriophenone +TX, quinoxyfen +TX, quintozene +TX, tiadinil +TX, triazoxide +TX, tricyclazole +TX, triforine +TX, validamycin +TX, valifenalate +TX, zoxamide +TX, mandipropamide +TX, fluveneteram +TX, isopyrazam +TX, sedaxa Benzvindiflupyr + TX, Pydiflumetofen + TX, 3-Difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (3',4',5'-trifluoro-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide + TX, Isoflucipram + TX, Isotianil + TX, Dipimethitrone + TX, 6-Ethyl-5,7-dioxo-pyrrolo[4,5][1,4]dithiino[1,2-c]isothiazole-3-carbonitrile + TX, 2-(Difluoromethyl)-N-[3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carbo pyrazol-3-amine + TX, 4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methyl-5-phenyl-pyridazine-3-carbonitrile + TX, (R)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-amine + TX, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H -pyrazol-5-amine + TX, fluindapyr + TX, methoxystrobin (jiaxiangjunzhi) + TX, rubenmixianan + TX, diclobenthiazox + TX, mandestrobin + TX, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3,3-dimethylisoquinolin-1-yl)quinolone + TX, 2-[2-fluoro-6-[(8-fluoro-2-methyl-3-quinolyl)oxy]phenyl]propan-2-ol + TX, oxathiapiproline + TX,tert-Butyl N-[6-[[[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl-methylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate + TX, pyraziflumide + TX, inpirfluxam + TX, tolprocarb + TX, mefentrifluconazole + TX, ipfentrifluconazole + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N- Ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[4-(4,5-dichlorothiazol-2-yl)oxy-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, [2-[3-[2-[1-[2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]thiazol-4-yl]-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl]-3-chloro-phenyl]methanesulfonic acid + TX, but-3-ynyl N-[6-[[(Z)-[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl-methyl N-[[5-[4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)triazol-2-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate + TX, 3-chloro-6-methyl-5-phenyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine + TX, pyridaclomethyl + TX, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, 1-[2-[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]ox Dimethyl]-3-methyl-phenyl]-4-methyl-tetrazol-5-one + TX, 1-methyl-4-[3-methyl-2-[[2-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethylpyrazol-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phenyl]tetrazol-5-one + TX, aminopyrifen + TX, ametoctrazine + TX, amisulbrom + TX, penflufen + TX, (Z,2E)-5-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethyl-pent-3-enamide + TX, florylpicoxamide + TX,Fenpicoxamide + TX, methallylpicoxamide + TX, tebufloquine + TX, ipflufenoquine + TX, quinofumelin + TX, isofetamide + TX, ethyl 1-[[4-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methoxy]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-3-carboxylate + TX (which can be prepared by the method described in WO 2020 / 056090), ethyl 1-[[4-[(Z)-2-ethoxy-3,3,3-trifluoro-prop-1-enoxy]phenyl]methyl]pyrazo methyl N-[[4-[1-(4-cyclopropyl-2,6-difluoro-phenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate + TX (which may be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 056090), methyl N-[[4-[1-(4-cyclopropyl-2,6-difluoro-phenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate + TX (which may be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 097012), methyl N-[[4-[1-(2,6-difluoro-4-isopropyl-phenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate + TX (which may be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 097012). WO 2020 / 097012), 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide + TX (which can be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 109391), 6-chloro-N-[2-(2-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-methyl-pyridazine -4-carboxamide + TX (which may be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 109391), 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide + TX (which may be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 109391), N-[2-[2,4-dichloro-phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX,N-[2-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, benzothiostrobin + TX, fenamacril + TX, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol zinc salt (2:1) + TX, fluopyram + TX, flufenoxadiazam + TX, flutianil + TX, fluopimomide + TX, pyrapropoin + TX, picarbutrazox + TX, 2-(Difluoromethyl)-N-(3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(Difluoromethyl)-N-((3R)-1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile + TX, Methyltetraprole + TX, 2-(Difluoromethyl)-N- ((3R)-1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-α-[4'-(trifluoromethoxy)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]-5-pyrimidinemethanol + TX, fluoxapiprolin + TX, enoxastrobin + TX, methyl (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)triazol-2-yl]phenoxy]prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-(4- methyl (Z)-2-[5-(3-isopropylpyrazol-1-yl)-2-methyl-phenoxy]-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-(3-propylpyrazol-1-yl)phenoxy]prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]phenoxy]prop-2-enoate + TX These compounds may be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 079111), methyl (Z)-2-(5-cyclohexyl-2-methyl-phenoxy)-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-2-(5-cyclopentyl-2-methyl-phenoxy)-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoate + TX (these compounds may be prepared from the method described in WO 2020 / 193387), 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-sulfanyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile + TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-thioxo-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile + T X, trinexapac + TX, cumoxystrobin + TX, zhongshengmycin + TX, copper thiodiazole + TX, zinc thiazole + TX, amethotractin + TX, iprodione + TX, seboxylamine + TX; N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1R)-1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]- N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[5-chloro-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO 2015 / 155075; N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(2-propoxypropoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in IPCOM000249876D); N-isopropyl-N'-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[4-(1-cyclopropyl-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-ethyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO 2018 / 228896); N-ethyl-N'-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[(2-trifluoromethyl)oxetan-2-yl]phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N-ethyl-N'-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[(2-trifluoro N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1R)-1- benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl-propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl-propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline Phosphorus-3-carboxamide + TX, 8-fluoro-N-[(1R)-1-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, 8-fluoro-N-[(1S)-1-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-((1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-((1S)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO 2017 / 153380); 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,5-trimethylpyrazole-3-yl ... Trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,6-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(6-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6-chloro-7-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4, 4-Difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO 2017 / 025510); 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 6-chloro-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(4-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 4, 4-Difluoro-1-(5-fluoro-4-methyl-benzimidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-isoquinolyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclopenta[e]benzimidazole + TX (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO 2016 / 156085); N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide + TX, N,2-Dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide + TX, N-ethyl-2-methyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide + TX, 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, 1,3-dimethoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, 3-ethyl-1-methoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea N,N-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide + TX, 4,4-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one + TX, 5,5-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one + TX, ethyl 1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate + TX, N,N-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine + TX. The compounds in this paragraph can be prepared by the methods described in WO 2017 / 055473, WO 2017 / 055469, WO 2017 / 093348 and WO 2017 / 118689; 2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2017 / 029179); 2-[6-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol + TX (This compound is, 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2017 / 029179); 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2016 / 156290); 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2016 / 156290). 156290); (4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-amino-6-methyl-pyridine-3-carboxylate + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2014 / 006945); 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c']dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2011 / 138281); N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-methyl-4-(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl]-pyridine-3-carboxylate + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2014 / 006945); N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX; (Z,2E)-5-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethyl-pent-3-enamide + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2018 / 153707); N'-(2-chloro-5-methyl-4-phenoxy- N'-[2-chloro-4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-5-methyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2016 / 202742); 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3S)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2014 / 095675);(5-methyl-2-pyridyl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanone + TX, (3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanone + TX (these compounds can be prepared by the methods described in WO 2017 / 220485); 2-oxo-N-propyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide + TX (this compound can be prepared by the methods described in WO 2018 / 065414); ethyl 1-[[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-thienyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate + TX (this compound can be prepared by the methods described in WO 2018 / 065414). , which can be prepared by the methods described in WO 2018 / 158365; biologically active substances selected from 2,2-difluoro-N-methyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide + TX, N-[(E)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX, N-[(Z)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX, N-[N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX (these compounds can be prepared by the methods described in WO 2018 / 202428); Microorganisms including: Acinetobacter lwoffii + TX, Acremonium alternatum + TX, Acremonium cephalosporium + TX, Acremonium diospyri + TX, Acremonium obclavatum + TX, Adoxophyes orana granulovirus (AdoxGV) (Capex®) + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 (Galltrol-A®) + TX, Alternaria alternata + TX, Alternaria cassia + TX, cassia) + TX, Alternaria destruens (Smolder®) + TX, Ampelomyces quisqualis (AQ10®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus AF36 (AF36®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus NRRL 21882 (Aflaguard®) + TX, Aspergillus spp.) + TX, Aureobasidium pullulans + TX, Azospirillum + TX, (MicroAZ®, TAZO B®) + TX, Azotobacter + TX, Azotobacter chroocuccum (Azotomeal®) + TX, Azotobacter cysts (Bionatural Blooming Blossoms®) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + TX, Bacillus cereus + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain CM-1 + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain AQ746+TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain HB-2 (Biostart™ Rhizoboost®)+TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain 3086 (EcoGuard®+TX, Green Releaf®)+TX, Bacillus circulans+TX, Bacillus firmus (BioSafe®, BioNem-WP®, VOTiVO®)+TX, Bacillus firmus strain I-1582+TX, Bacillus macerans+TX, Bacillus marismortii (Bacillus marismortui +TX, Bacillus megaterium +TX, Bacillus mycoides strain AQ726 +TX, Bacillus papillae (Milky Spore Powder®) +TX, Bacillus pumilus spp.) +TX, Bacillus pumilus strain GB34 (Yield Shield®) +TX, Bacillus pumilus strain AQ717 +TX, Bacillus pumilus strain QST2808 (Sonata®, Ballad Plus®) +TX, Bacillus spahericus (VectoLex®) +TX, Bacillus spp. +TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ175 +TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ177 +TX, Bacillus spp. spp.) strain AQ178+TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST713 (CEASE®, Serenade®, Rhapsody®)+TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST714 (JAZZ®)+TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ153+TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ743+TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3002+TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3004+TX, Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciensamyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 (Taegro®, Rhizopro®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry2Ae + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai GC91 (Agree®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BMP123®, Aquabac®, VectoBac®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki kurstaki (Javelin®, Deliver®, CryMax®, Bondide®, Scutella WP®, Turilav WP®, Astuto®, Dipel WP®, Biobit®, Foray®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki BMP123 (Baritone®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD-1 (Bioprotec-CAF / 3P®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis strain BD#32 ... thuringiensis strain AQ52+TX, Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (XenTari®, DiPel®)+TX, Bacteria spp.) (GROWMEND®, GROWSWEET®, Shootup®) +TX, Clavipacter michiganensis bacteriophage (AgriPhage®) +TX, Bakflor® +TX, Beauveria bassiana (Beaugenic®, Brocaril WP®) +TX, Beauveria bassiana GHA (Mycotrol ES®, Mycotrol O®, BotaniGuard®) +TX, Beauveria brongniartii (Engerlingspilz®, . Schweizer Beauveria®, Melocont® + TX, Beauveria spp. + TX, Botrytis cineria + TX, Bradyrhizobium japonicum (TerraMax®) + TX, Brevibacillus brevis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (Novodor®) + TX, BtBooster + TX, Burkholderia cepacia (Deny®, Intercept®, Blue Circle®) + TX, Burkholderia gladii + TX, Burkholderia gladioli) + TX, Burkholderia spp.) + TX, Canadian thistlefungus (CBH Canadian Bioherbicide®) + TX, Candida butyri + TX, Candida famata + TX, Candida fructus + TX, Candida glabrata + TX, Candida guilliermondii + TX, Candida melibiosica + TX, Candida oleophila strain O + TX, Candida parapsilosis + TX, Candida pelliculosa + TX, Candida pulcherrima pulcherrima + TX, Candida reukaufii + TX, Candida saitoana (Bio-Coat®, Biocure®) + TX, Candida sake + TX, Candida spp.) + TX, Candida tenius + TX, Cedecea dravisae + TX, Cellulomonas flavigena + TX, Chaetomium cochliodes (Nova-Cide®) + TX, Chaetomium globosum (Nova-Cide®) + TX, Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1T (Grandevo®) + TX, Cladosporium cladosporioides + TX, Cladosporium oxysporum + TX, Cladosporium chlorocephalum chlorocephalum + TX, Cladosporium spp. + TX, Cladosporium tenuissimum + TX, Clonostachys rosea (EndoFine®) + TX, Colletotrichum acutatum + TX, Coniothyrium minitans (Cotans WG®) + TX, Coniothyrium spp.) + TX, Cryptococcus albidus (YIELDPLUS®) + TX, Cryptococcus humicola + TX, Cryptococcus infirmo-miniatus + TX, Cryptococcus laurentii + TX, Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (Cryptex®) + TX, Cupriavidus campinensis + TX, Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CYD-X®) + TX, Cydia pomonella granulovirus (Madex®, Madex Plus®, Madex Max / Carpovirusine®) + TX, Cylindrobasidium laeve (Stumpout®) + TX, Cylindrocladium + TX, Debaryomyces hansenii + TX, Drechslera hawaiinensis + TX, Enterobacter cloacae + TX, Enterobacteriaceae + TX, Entomophtora virulenta (Vektor®) + TX, Epicoccum nigrum + TX, Epicoccum purpurascens purpurascens) + TX, Epicoccum spp.) + TX, Filobasidium floriforme + TX, Fusarium acuminatum + TX, Fusarium chlamydosporum + TX, Fusarium oxysporum (Fusaclean®, Biofox C®) + TX, Fusarium proliferatum + TX, Fusarium spp. + TX, Galactomyces geotrichum + TX, Gliocladium catenulatum (Primastop® + TX, Prestop®) + TX, Gliocladium roseum roseum + TX, Gliocladium spp. (SoilGard®) + TX, Gliocladium virens (Soilgard®) + TX, Granulovirus (Granupom®) + TX, Halobacillus halophilus + TX, Halobacillus litoralis + TX, Halobacillus trueperi + TX, Halomonas spp.) + TX, Halomonas subglacie scola + TX, Halovibrio variabilis + TX, Hanseniaspora uvarum + TX, Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (Helicovex®) + TX, Helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus (Gemstar®) + TX, isoflavone-formononetin (Myconate®) + TX, Kloeckeraa piculata + TX, Kloeckera spp.) + TX, Lagenidium giganteum (Laginex®) + TX, Greenhouse whitefly (Lecanicillium longisporum) (Vertiblast®) + TX, Lecanicillium muscarium (Vertikil®) + TX, Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) nucleopolyhedrovirus (Disparvirus®) + TX, Marinococcus halophilus + TX, Meira geulakonigii + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae (Met52®) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae (Destruxin®) + TX, WP®) + TX, Metschnikowia fruticola (Shemer®) + TX, Metschnikowia pulcherrima + TX, Microdochium dimerum (Antibot®) + TX, Micromonospora coerulea + TX, Micromonospora coerulea + TX, Microsphaeropsis ochracea + TX, Muscodor albus 620 (Muscudor®) + TX, Muscodor roseus strain A3-5 + TX, Mycorrhizae spp.) (AMykor®, Root Maximizer®) + TX, Myrothecium verrucaria strain AARC-0255 (DiTera®) + TX, BROS PLUS® + TX, Ophiostoma piliferum strain D97 (Sylvanex®) + TX, Paecilomyces farinosus + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (PFR-97® + TX, PreFeRal®) + TX, Paecilomyces linacinus (Biostat WP®) + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251 (MeloCon WG®) + TX, Paenibacillus polymyxa + TX, Pantoea agglomerans (BlightBan C9-1®) + TX, Pantoea spp. +TX, Pasteuria spp. (Econem®) +TX, Pasteuria nishizawae +TX, Penicillium aurantiogriseum +TX, Penicillium billai (Jumpstart® +TX, TagTeam®) +TX, Penicillium brevicompactum +TX, Penicillium frequentans +TX, Penicillium griseofulvum +TX, Penicillium purpurogenum +TX, Penicillium spp.) + TX, Penicillium viridicatum + TX, Phlebiopsis gigantean (Rotstop®) + TX, Phosphhomeal® + TX, Phytophthora cryptogea + TX, Phytophthora palmivora (Devine®) + TX, Pichia anomala + TX, Pichia guilermondii + TX, Pichia membranaefaciens + TX, Pichia onychis + TX, Pichia stipites + TX, Pseudomonas aeruginosa aeruginosa + TX, Pseudomonas aureofaciens (Spot-Less Biofungicide®) + TX, Pseudomonas cepacia + TX, Pseudomonas chlororaphis (AtEze®) + TX, Pseudomonas corrugate + TX, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 (BlightBan A506®) + TX, Pseudomonas putida + TX, Pseudomonas reactans + TX, Pseudomonas spp.) + TX, Pseudomonas syringae (Bio-Save®) + TX, Pseudomonas viridiflava + TX, Pseudomonas fluorescens (Zequanox®) + TX, Pseudozyma flocculosa strain PF-A22UL (Sporodex L®) + TX, Puccinia canaliculata + TX, Puccinia thlaspeos (Wood Warrior®) + TX, Pythium paroecandrum + TX, Pythium oligandrum oligandrum (Polygandron® + TX, Polyversum®) + TX, Pythium periplocum + TX, Rhanella aquatilis + TX, Rhanella spp. + TX, Rhizoctonia (Dormal® + TX, Vault®) + TX, Rhizoctonia + TX, Rhodococcus globerulus strain AQ719 + TX, Rhodosporidium diobovatum + TX, Rhodosporidium toruloides + TX, Rhodotorula spp.) + TX, Rhodotorula glutinis + TX, Rhodotorula graminis + TX, Rhodotorula mucilagnosa + TX, Rhodotorula rubra + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae + TX, Salinococcus roseus + TX, Sclerotinia minor + TX, Sclerotinia minor (SARRITOR®) + TX, Scytalidium spp. + TX, Scytalidium uredinicola + TX, Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Spod-X® + TX, Spexit®) + TX, Serratia marcescens + TX, Serratia plymuthica + TX, Serratia spp.) + TX, Sordaria fimicola + TX, Spodoptera littoralis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Littovir®) + TX, Sporobolomyces roseus + TX, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia + TX, Streptomyces ahygroscopicus + TX, Streptomyces albaduncus + TX, Streptomyces exfoliates + TX, Streptomyces galbus + TX, Streptomyces griseoplanus griseoplanus + TX, Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop®) + TX, Streptomyces lydicus (Actinovate®) + TX, Streptomyces lydicus WYEC-108 (ActinoGrow®) + TX, Streptomyces violaceus + TX, Tilletiopsis minor + TX, Tilletiopsis spp.) +TX, Trichoderma asperellum (T34 Biocontrol®) +TX, Trichoderma gamsii (Tenet®) +TX, Trichoderma atroviride (Plantmte®) +TX, Trichoderma hamatum TH382 +TX, Trichoderma harzianum rifai (Mycostar®) +TX,. Trichoderma harzianum T-22 (Trianum-P® + TX, PlantShield HC®, RootShield®, Trianum-G®) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum T-39 (Trichodex®) + TX, Trichoderma inhamatum + TX, Trichoderma koningii + TX, Trichoderma spp. LC52 (Sentinel®) + TX, Trichoderma lignorum + TX, Trichoderma longibrachiatum + TX, Trichoderma polysporum (Binab T(R)) + TX, Trichoderma taxi + TX, Trichoderma virens + TX, Trichoderma virens (formerly Gliocladium virens GL-21) (SoilGuard(R)) + TX, Trichoderma viride + TX, Trichoderma viride strain ICC 080 (Remedier(R)) + TX, Trichosporon pullulans + TX, Trichosporon spp. + TX, Trichothecium spp.) + TX, Trichothecium roseum + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94670 + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94671 + TX, Ulocladium atrum + TX, Ulocladium oudemansii (Botry-Zen®) + TX, Ustilago maydis + TX, various bacteria and supplemental micronutrients (Natural II®) + TX, various fungi (Millennium Microbes®) + TX, Verticillium chlamydosporium + TX, Verticillium lecanii lecanii (Mycotal® + TX, Vertalec®) + TX, Vip3Aa20 (VIPtera®) + TX, Virgibaclillus marismortui + TX, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Poae (Camperico®) + TX, Xenorhabdfus bovienii + TX, Xenorhabdus nematophilus + TX; Plant extracts including: pine oil (Retenol®) + TX, azadirachtin (Plasma Neem Oil®, AzaGuard®, MeemAzal®, Molt-X®), botanical insect growth regulators (Neemazad®, Neemix®) + TX, rapeseed oil (Lilly Miller Vegol®) + TX, American ant's weed (Chenopodium ambrosioides near ambrosioides) (Requiem®) + TX, Chrysanthemum extract (Crisant®) + TX, neem oil extract (Trilogy®) + TX, Labiatae essential oil (Botania®) + TX, clove, rosemary, peppermint, and thyme oil extracts (Garden insect killer®) + TX, glycine betaine (Greenstim®) + TX, garlic + TX, lemongrass oil (GreenMatch®) + TX, neem oil + TX, catnip (Nepeta cataria) (catnip oil) + TX, catnip (Nepeta catarina) + TX, nicotine + TX, oregano oil (MossBuster®) + TX, sesame (Pedaliaceae) oil (Nematon®) + TX, pyrethrum + TX, soapberry (Quillaja saponaria) (NemaQ®) + TX, Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis) (Regalia®, Sakalia®) + TX, rotenone (Eco Roten®) + TX, Rutaceae extract (Soleo®) + TX, soybean oil (Ortho ecosense®) +TX, Melaleuca artenifolia (also known as tea tree oil) (Timorex Gold®) +TX, Thyme Oil +TX, AGNIQUE® MMF +TX, BugOil® +TX, Rosemary Sesame Peppermint Thyme and Cinnamon Extract Mixture (EF300®) + TX, clove rosemary and peppermint extract mixture (EF 400®) + TX, clove peppermint garlic oil and mint mixture (Soil Shot®) + TX, kaolin (Screen®) + TX, brown algae storage glucan (Laminarin®) + TX; Pheromones, including: blackheaded fireworm pheromone (3M Sprayable Blackheaded Fireworm Pheromone®) + TX, codling moth pheromone (Paramount dispenser-(CM) / Isomate C-Plus®) + TX, grape berry moth pheromone (3M MEC-GBM Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, leafroller pheromone (3M MEC-LR Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, muscamone (Snip7 Fly Bait®, Starbar Premium Fly Bait®) + TX, oriental fruit moth pheromone (3M oriental fruit moth sprayable pheromone®) + TX, peachtree moth pheromone (3M oriental fruit moth sprayable pheromone®) + TX, Borer pheromone (Isomate-P®) + TX, Tomato Pinworm pheromone (3M Sprayable pheromone®) + TX, Entostat powder (palm tree extract) (Exosex CM®) + TX, (3E,8Z,11Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrienyl acetate + TX, (7Z,11Z,13E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal + TX, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate + TX, 2-methyl-1-butanol + TX, calcium acetate + TX, Scenturion® + TX, Biolure® + TX, Check-Mate® + TX, Lavandulyl senecioate + TX; Macrovials containing: Aphelinus abdominalis + TX, Aphidius ervi (Aphelinus-System®) + TX, Acerophagus papaya + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adalia-System®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adaline®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Aphidalia®) + TX, Ageniaspis citricola + TX, Ageniaspis fuscicollis + TX, Amblyseius andersoni (Anderline®, Andersoni-System®) + TX, Amblyseius californicus californicus (Amblyline®, Spical®) + TX, Amblyseius cucumeris (Thripex®, Bugline cucumeris®) + TX, Amblyseius fallacis (Fallacis®) + TX, Amblyseius swirskii (Bugline swirskii®, Swirskii-Mite®) + TX, Amblyseius womersleyi (WomerMite®) + TX, Amitus hesperidum + TX, Anagrus atomus + TX, Anagyrus fusciventris fusciventris) + TX, Anagyrus kamali + TX, Anagyrus loecki + TX, Anagyrus pseudococcuspseudococci (Citripar®) + TX, Anicetus benefices + TX, Anisopteromalus calandrae + TX, Anthocoris nemoralis (Anthocoris-System®) + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis (Apheline®, Aphiline®) + TX, Aphelinus asychis + TX, Aphidius colemani (Aphipar®) + TX, Aphidius ervi (Ervipar®) + TX, Aphidius gifuensis + TX, Aphidius matricariae matricariae (Aphipar-M®) + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Aphidend®) + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Aphidoline®) + TX, Aphytis lingnanensis + TX, Aphytis melinus + TX, Aprostocetus hagenowii + TX, Atheta coriaria (Staphyline®) + TX, Bombus spp. + TX, Bombus terrestris (Natupol Beehive®) + TX, Bombus terrestris (Beeline, Tripol®) + TX, Cephalonomia stephanoderis + TX, Chilocorus nigritus + TX, Chrysoperlacarnea (Chrysoline®) + TX, Chrysoperla carnea (Chrysopa®) + TX, Chrysoperla rufilabris + TX, Cirrospilus ingenuus + TX, Cirrospilus quadristriatus + TX, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides + TX, Closterocerus chamaeleon + TX, Closterocerus spp. + TX, Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Planopar®) + TX, Coccophagus cowperi + TX, Coccophagus lycimnia + TX, Cotesia lavipes + TX, Cotesia plutellae + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Cryptobug®, Cryptoline®) + TX, Cybocephalus nipponicus + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (Minusa®) + TX, Diglyphus isaea (Diminex®) + TX, Delphastus catarinae (Delphastus catalinae) (Delphastus®) + TX, Delphastus pusillus + TX, Diachasmimorpha krausii + TX, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata + TX, Diaparsisjucunda + TX, Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis + TX, Diglyphus isaea + TX, Diglyphus isaea (Miglyphus® + TX, Digline®) + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (DacDigline® + TX, Minex®) + TX, Diversinervus spp. TX, Encarsia citrina + TX, Encarsia formosa (Encarsia max®, Encarline®, En-Strip®) + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (Enermix®) + TX, Encarsia guadeloupae + TX, Encarsia haitiensis + TX, Episyrphus balteatus (Syrphidend®) + TX, Eretmoceris siphonini + TX, Eretmocerus californicus + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (Ercal®, Eretlinee®) + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (Bemimix®) + TX, Eretmocerus hayati + TX, Eretmocerus mundus mundus) (Bemipar®, Eretline m®) + TX, Eretmocerus siphonini + TX, Exochomus quadripustulatus + TX, Feltiellaacarisuga (Spidend®) + TX, Feltiella acarisuga (Feltiline®) + TX, Fopius arisanus (Fopius ceratitivorus) + TX, formononetin (Wirless Beehome®) + TX, Franklinothrips vespiformis (Vespop®) + TX, Galendromus occidentalis (Galendromus occidentalis) + TX, Goniozus legneri (Goniozus legneri) + TX, Habrobracon hebetor (Habrobracon hebetor) + TX, Harmonia axyridis (HarmoBeetle®) + TX, Heterorhabditis spp. (LawnPatrol®) + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (NemaShield HB®, Nemaseek®, Terranem-Nam®, Terranem®, Larvanem®, B-Green®, NemAttack®, Nematop®) + TX, Heterorhabditis megidis (Nemasys H®, BioNemH®, Exhibitline hm®, Larvanem-M®) + TX, Hippodamia convergens + TX, Hypoaspis aculeifer aculeifer (Aculeifer-System®, Entomite-A®) + TX, Hypoaspis miles (Hypoline m®, Entomite-M®) + TX, Lbalia leucospoides + TX, Lecanoideus floccissimus + TX, Lemophagus errabundus + TX, Leptomastidea abnormis + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii (Leptopar®) + TX, Leptomastix epona + TX, Lindorus lophantae lophanthae + TX, Lipolexis oregmae + TX, Lucilia caesar (Natufly®) + TX, Lysiphlebus testaceipes + TX, Macrolophus caliginosuscaliginosus (Mirical-N®, Macrolinec®, Mirical®) + TX, Mesoseiulus longipes + TX, Metaphycus flavus + TX, Metaphycus lounsburyi + TX, Micromus angulatus (Milacewing®) + TX, Microterys flavus + TX, Muscidifurax raptorellus and Spalangia cameroni (Biopar®) + TX, Neodryinus typhlocybae + TX, Neoseiulus californicus + TX, Neoseiulus cucumeris (THRYPEX®) + TX, Neoseiulus fallacis + TX, Nesideocoris tenuis (NesidioBug®, Nesibug®) + TX, Ophyra aenescens (Biofly®) + TX, Orius insidiosus (Thripor-l®, Oriline i®) + TX, Orius laevigatus (Thripor-L®, Oriline l®) + TX, Orius majusculus (Oriline m(R)) + TX, Orius strigicollis (Thripor-S(R)) + TX, Pauesia juniperorum (Pauesia juniperorum) + TX, Pediobius foveolatus (Pediobius foveolatus) + TX, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Phasmarhabditishermaphrodita (Nemaslug®) + TX, Phymastichus coffea + TX, Phytoseiulus macropilus + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis (Spidex®, Phytolinep®) + TX, Podisus maculiventris (Podisus®) + TX, Pseudacteon curvatus + TX, Pseudacteon obtusus + TX, Pseudacteon tricuspis + TX, Pseudaphycus maculipennis + TX, Pseudleptomastix mexicana mexicana + TX, Psyllaephagus pilosus + TX, Psyttalia concolor (complex) + TX, Quadrastichus spp. + TX, Rhyzobius lophanthae + TX, Rodolia cardinalis + TX, Rumina decollate + TX, Semielacher petiolatus + TX, Sitobion avenae (Ervibank®) + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematac C® Millennium®, BioNem C®, NemAttack®, Nemastar®, Capsanem®)+TX, Steinernema feltiae (NemaShield®, Nemasys F®+TX, BioNemF, Steinernema-System®, NemAttack®, Nemaplus®, Exhibitline sf®, Scia-rid®, Entonem®) + TX, Steinernema kraussei (Nemasys L®, BioNem L®, Exhibitline srb®) + TX, Steinernema riobrave (BioVector®, BioVektor®) + TX, Steinernema scapterisci (Nematac S®) + TX, Steinernema spp. + TX, Steinernema spp. (Guardian Nematodes®) + TX, Stethorus punctillum (Stethorus®) + TX, Tamarixia radiate + TX, Tetrastichus setifer + TX, Thripobius semiluteus + TX, Torymus sinensis + TX, Trichogramma brassicae (Tricholine b®) + TX, Trichogramma brassicae (Tricho-Strip®) + TX, Trichogramma evanescens + TX, Trichogramma minutum + TX, Trichogramma ostriniae + TX, Trichogramma platneri + TX, Trichogramma pretiosum + TX, Xanthopimpla stemmator + TX; Other biological products include: abscisic acid +TX, bioSea® +TX, Chondrostereum purpureum (Chontrol Paste®) +TX, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Collego®) +TX, copper octanoate (Cueva®) +TX, Delta Trap (Trapline d®) +TX, Erwinia amylovora (Harpin) (ProAct® +TX, Ni-HIBIT Gold CST®) +TX, fatty acids derived from natural by-products of extra virgin olive oil (FLIPPER®) +TX, ferric phosphate (Ferri-phosphate) (Ferramol®) +TX, Funnel Trap (Trapline y®) +TX, Gallex® +TX, Grower's Secret® +TX, Homo-brassonolide +TX, Iron phosphate (Lilly Miller Worry Free Ferramol Slug & Snail Bait®) +TX, MCP hail trap (Trapline f®) +TX, Microctonus hyperodae +TX, Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Des-X®) +TX, BioGain® +TX, Aminomite® +TX, Zenox® +TX, pheromone trap (Thripline ams®) + TX, potassium bicarbonate (MilStop®) + TX, potassium salts of fatty acids (Sanova®) + TX, potassium silicate solution (Sil-Matrix®) + TX, potassium iodide + potassium thiocyanate (Enzicur®) + TX, SuffOil-X® + TX, spider venom + TX, Nosema locustae (Semaspore Organic Grasshopper)Control®) + TX, sticky traps (Trapline YF® + TX, Rebell Amarillo®) + TX and traps (Takitrapline y+b®) + TX; (1) An antibacterial agent selected from the following group: (1.1) Examples of bacteria are: Bacillus mojavensis strain R3B (accession number NCAIM(P)B001389) from Certis USA LLC (WO 2013 / 034938); Bacillus pumilus, in particular the strain BU F-33 (CARTISSA® from BASF, EPA registration number 71840-19) with NRRL accession number 50185; Bacillus subtilis, in particular the strain QST713 / AQ713 (available as SERENADE OPTI or SERENADE ASO from Bayer CropScience LP, US, with NRRL accession number B21661, U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,051); Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814 (VELONDIS® PLUS, VELONDIS® FLEX, and VELONDIS® EXTRA from BASF SE); Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 (available from Novozymes as TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA Registration No. 70127-5)) with accession number DSM10271; Bacillus subtilis CX-9060 from Certis USA LLC; Bacillus sp., specifically strain D747 (available from Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. as DOUBLE NICKEL®), with accession number FERM BP-8234, U.S. Pat. No. 7,094,592; Paenibacillus sp. strains with accession numbers NRRL B-50972 or NRRL B-67129, WO 2016 / 154297; Paenibacillus polymyxa, in particular strain AC-1 (e.g., Green Biotech Company Ltd.Pantoea agglomerans, particularly strain E325 (accession number NRRL B-21856) (available as BLOOMTIME BIOLOGICAL™ FD BIOPESTICIDE from Northwest Agri Products); Pseudomonas proradix from Sourcon Padena (e.g., PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena); and (1.2) Examples are fungi: Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular blastospores of the strain DSM 14940, blastospores of the strain DSM 14941 or a mixture of blastospores of the strains DSM 14940 and DSM 14941 (for example BOTECTOR® and BLOSSOM PROTECT® from bio-ferm, CH) + TX; Pseudozyma aphidis (disclosed in WO 2011 / 151819 by Yissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem) + TX; Saccharomyces cerevisiae cerevisiae), in particular the strains CNCM No. 1-3936, CNCM No. 1-3937, CNCM No. 1-3938 or CNCM No. 1-3939 (disclosed in WO 2010 / 086790 from Lesaffre et Compagnie, FR) + TX; (2) A biological fungicide selected from the group consisting of: (2.1) Examples of bacteria are: Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 (e.g. GALLTROL-A® from AgBioChem, CA) + TX; Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K1026 (e.g. NOGALL® from BASF SE) + TX; Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 with accession number DSM10271 (available from Novozymes as TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA registration number 70127-5)) + TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in particular strain D747 (Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. as Double Nickel™, with accession number FERM BP-8234, U.S. Pat. No. 7,094,592) +TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain F727 (also known as strain MBI110) (NRRL accession number B-50768, WO 2014 / 028521) (STARGUS® from Marrone Bio Innovations) +TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB42, accession number DSM 23117 (available as RHIZOVITAL® from ABiTEP, DE) +TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens amyloliquefaciens isolate B246 (e.g., AVOGREEN™ from University of Pretoria) +TX;Bacillus licheniformis, specifically strain SB3086 having accession number ATCC 55406, WO 2003 / 000051 (available as ECOGUARD® Biofungicide from Novozymes and GREEN RELEAF® from Novozymes) +TX; Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 and Bacillus subtilis FMCH002 (QUARTZO® (WG) and PRESENCE® (WP) from FMC Corp.) +TX; Bacillus methylotrophicus strain BAC-9912 (from the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Applied Ecology) +TX; Certis USA Bacillus mojavensis strain R3B (accession number NCAIM(P)B001389) from Bayer AG, LLC (WO 2013 / 034938) +TX; Bacillus mycoides, isolate, with accession number B-30890 (available as BMJ TGAI® or WG and LifeGard® from Certis USA LLC) +TX; +TX; Bacillus pumilus, in particular strain QST2808 (available as SONATA® from Bayer CropScience LP, US, with accession number NRRL B-30087, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,245,551) +TX; Bacillus pumilus, in particular strain GB34 (available as Yield from Bayer AG, DE) +TX; Shield®) +TX; Bacillus pumilus, specifically strain BU F-33 with NRRL accession number 50185 (available as part of CARTISSA products from BASF, EPA registration number 71840-19) +TX;Bacillus subtilis, particularly strain QST713 / AQ713 (available from Bayer CropScience LP, US as SERENADE OPTI or SERENADE ASO, with NRRL accession number B21661, and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,051) + TX; Bacillus subtilis Y1336 (available from Bion-Tech, Taiwan as BIOBAC® WP, registered in Taiwan as a biological fungicide under registration numbers 4764, 5454, 5096, and 5277) + TX; Bacillus subtilis strain MBI600 (available from BASF SE as SUBTILEX), with NRRL accession number B21661; No. 5,061,495, bearing B-50595, with TX; Bacillus subtilis strain GB03 (available as Kodiak® from Bayer AG, DE) with TX; Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814 (available as VELONDIS® PLUS, VELONDIS® FLEX, and VELONDIS® EXTRA from BASF SE) with TX; Bacillus subtilis CX-9060 from Certis USA LLC (a subsidiary of Mitsui & Co.) with TX; Bacillus subtilis KTSB strain (FOLIACTIVE® from Donaghys) with TX; Bacillus subtilis IAB / BS03 IAB / BS03) (AVIV™ from STK Bio-Ag Technologies, PORTENTO® from Idai Nature) + TX; Bacillus subtilis strain Y1336 (available as BIOBAC® WP from Bion-Tech, Taiwan, registered as a biological fungicide in Taiwan under registration numbers 4764, 5454, 5096, and 5277) + TX;Paenibacillus epiphyticus from BASF SE (WO 2016 / 020371 +TX); Paenibacillus polymyxa ssp. plantarum from BASF SE (WO 2016 / 020371 +TX); Paenibacillus sp. strain with accession number NRRL B-50972 or accession number NRRL B-67129, WO 2016 / 154297 +TX; Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain AFS009 with accession number NRRL B-50897, WO 2017 / 019448 (e.g., AgBiome HOWLER™ and ZIO® from Innovations, US) +TX; Pseudomonas chlororaphis, in particular strain MA342 (e.g. CEDOMON®, CERALL® and CEDRESS® from Bioagri and Koppert) +TX; Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 (e.g. BLIGHTBAN® A506 from NuFarm) +TX; Pseudomonas proradix (e.g. PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) +TX; Streptomyces griseoviridis strain K61 (also known as Streptomyces galbus strain K61) (accession number DSM 7206) (MYCOSTOP® from Verdera, PREFENCE® from BioWorks, see Crop Protection 2006,25,468-475) +TX;Streptomyces lydicus strain WYEC108 (also known as Streptomyces lydicus strain WYCD108US) (ACTINO-IRON® and ACTINOVATE® manufactured by Novozymes) +TX; and (2.2) Examples of fungi are: Ampelomyces quisqualis, in particular the strain AQ10 (for example AQ10® from IntrachemBio Italia) + TX; Ampelomyces quisqualis strain AQ10 with accession number CNCM 1-807 (for example AQ10® from IntrachemBio Italia) + TX; Aspergillus flavus strain NRRL 21882 (product known as AFLA-GUARD® from Syngenta / ChemChina) + TX; Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular blastospores of the strain DSM 14940 + TX; Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular the strain DSM Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular a mixture of blastospores of strains DSM 14940 and DSM 14941 (e.g., Botector® by bio-ferm, CH) + TX; Chaetomium cupreum (accession number CABI 353812) (e.g., BIOKUPRUM® by AgiLife) + TX; Chaetomium globosum (available as RIVADIOM® by Rivale) + TX; Cladosporium cladosporioides, strain H39, with accession number CBS122244, as described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2010 / 0291039 (Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig). Onderzoek) + TX; Coniothyrium minitans, in particular the strain CON / M / 91-8 (accession number DSM 9660, e.g. Contans® from Bayer Crop Science Biologics GmbH) + TX;Cryptococcus flavescens, strain 3C (NRRL Y-50378) (B2.2.99) + TX; Dactylaria candida + TX; Dilophosphora alopecuri (available as TWIST FUNGUS®) + TX; Fusarium oxysporum, strain Fo47 (available as FUSACLEAN® by Natural Plant Protection) + TX; Gliocladium catenulatum (syn: Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata) + TX; f. catenulate) strain J1446 (e.g., Prestop® by Lallemand) + TX; Gliocladium roseum (also known as Clonostachys rosea f rosea), in particular strain 321U from the fungus Adjuvants Plus, strain ACM941 disclosed by Xue (Efficacy of Clonostachys rosea strain ACM941 and fungicide seed treatments for controlling the root tot complex of field pea, Can. J. Plant Sci. 2003, 83(3):519-524), or strain IK726 (Jensen DF, et al. Development of a biocontrol agent for plant disease control with special emphasis on the near commercial fungal antagonist Clonostachys rosea strain 'IK726', Australasian Plant Pathol.2007,36:95-101)+TX;Lecanicillium lecanii (formerly known as Verticillium lecanii) conidia of the strain KV01 (e.g. Vertalec® by Koppert / Arysta) + TX; Metschnikowia fructicola, in particular the strain NRRL Y-30752, (B2.2.3) + TX; Microsphaeropsis ochracea + TX; Muscodor roseus, in particular the strain A3-5 (accession number NRRL 30548) + TX; Penicillium stickii from BASF SE steckii (DSM 27859, WO 2015 / 067800) + TX; Penicillium vermiculatum + TX; Phlebiopsis gigantea strain VRA 1992 (ROTSTOP® C from Danstar Ferment) + TX; Pichia anomala, strain WRL-076 (NRRL Y-30842), U.S. Pat. No. 7,579,183 + TX; Pseudozyma flocculosa, strain PF-A22 UL (available as SPORODEX® L from Plant Products Co., CA) + TX; Saccharomyces cerevisiae, particularly strain LASO2 (Agro-Levures et Derives), strain LAS117 cell walls (CEREVISANE® from Lesaffre, ROMEO® from BASF SE), strains CNCM No. 1-3936, CNCM No. 1-3937, CNCM No. 1-3938, CNCM No. 1-3939 from Lesaffre et Compagnie, FR (WO 2010 / 086790) +TX; Simplicillium lanosoniveum +TX;Talaromyces flavus, strain V117b +TX; Trichoderma asperelloides JM41R (accession number NRRL B-50759) (TRICHO PLUS® from BASF SE) +TX; Trichoderma asperellum, in particular the strain kd (e.g. T-Gro from Andermatt Biocontrol) +TX; Trichoderma asperellum, in particular the strain SKT-1, with accession number FERM P-16510 (e.g. ECO-HOPE® from Kumiai Chemical Industry), strain T34 (e.g. T34 Biocontrol from Biocontrol Technologies SL, ES) or strain ICC from Isagro. 012 +TX; Trichoderma atroviride, in particular the strain SC1 (with accession number CBS 122089, WO 2009 / 116106 and U.S. Pat. No. 8,431,120 (Bi-PA)), strain 77B (T77 from Andermatt Biocontrol) or strain LU132 (e.g. Sentinel from Agrimm Technologies Limited) +TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain CNCM 1-1237 (e.g. Esquive® WP from Agrauxine, FR) +TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain number V08 / 002387 +TX; Trichoderma atroviride atroviride), strain NMI number V08 / 002388+TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain NMI number V08 / 002389+TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain NMI number V08 / 002390+TX;Trichoderma atroviride, strain LC52 (e.g., Tenet by Agrimm Technologies Limited) + TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain ATCC 20476 (IMI 206040) + TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain T11 (IMI352941 / CECT20498) + TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain SKT-1 (FERM P-16510), JP 11-253151 A + TX; Trichoderma atroviride atroviride, strain SKT-2 (FERMP-16511), JP 11-253151 A + TX; Trichoderma atroviride, strain SKT-3 (FERMP-17021), JP 11-253151 A + TX; Trichoderma fertile (e.g., the product TrichoPlus from BASF) + TX; Trichoderma gamsii (formerly T. viride), strain ICC080 (IMI CC 392151 CABI, e.g., BioDerma from AGROBIOSOL DE MEXICO, SADE CV) + TX; Trichoderma gamsii gamsii (formerly T. viride), strain ICC 080 (IMI CC 392151 CABI) (available under the trademark BIODERMA® from AGROBIOSOL DE MEXICO, SADE CV) +TX; Trichoderma harmatum +TX; Trichoderma harmatum +TX with accession number ATCC 28012;Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22 (e.g. Trianum-P from Andermatt Biocontrol or Koppert) or strain Cepa SimbT5 (from Simbiose Agro) + TX; Trichoderma harzianum + TX; Trichoderma harzianum rifai T39 (e.g. Trichoderma harzianum, strain ITEM 908 (e.g., Trianum-P from Koppert) + TX; Trichoderma harzianum, strain TH35 (e.g., Root-Pro from Mycontrol) + TX; Trichoderma harzianum, strain DB 103 (available as T-GRO® 7456 from Dagutat Biolab) + TX; Trichoderma polysporum, strain IMI 206039 (e.g., Binab TF WP from BINAB Bio-Innovation AB, Sweden) + TX; Trichoderma stromaticum with accession number Ts3550 stromaticum (e.g., Tricovab by CEPLAC, Brazil) + TX; Trichoderma virens (also known as Gliocladium virens), in particular strain GL-21 (e.g., SoilGard by Certis, US) + TX; Trichoderma virens strain G-41 (formerly known as Gliocladium virens) (accession number ATCC 20906) (e.g., ROOTSHIELD® PLUS WP and TURFSHIELD® PLUS WP from BioWorks, US) + TX; Trichoderma viride, strain TV1 (e.g., Trianum-P by Koppert) + TX; Trichoderma viride viride), especially strain B35 (Pietr et al., 1993, Zesz.Nauk.Nauk.AR w Szczecinie 161:125-137) +TX; a mixture of Trichoderma asperellum strain ICC 012 (also known as Trichoderma harzianum ICC012) with accession number CABI CC IMI 392716 and Trichoderma gamsii (formerly T. viride) strain ICC 080 (e.g., BIO-TAM™ from Isagro USA, Inc. or BIODERMA® by Agrobiosol de Mexico, SA de CV) with accession number IMI 392151 +TX; Ulocladium oudemansii (Ulocladium oudemansii) with accession number NM 99 / 06216 oudemansii strain U3 (e.g., BOTRY-ZEN® by Botry-Zen Ltd, New Zealand and BOTRYSTOP® from BioWorks, Inc.) +TX; Verticillium albo-atrum (formerly V. dahliae), strain WCS850 deposited at the Central Bureau for Fungi Cultures with accession number WCS850 (e.g., DUTCH TRIG® by Tree Care Innovations) +TX; Verticillium chlamydosporium +TX; (3) A biological control agent having the effect of improving plant growth and / or plant health, selected from the following group: (3.1) Examples of bacteria include Azospirillum brasilense (e.g., VIGOR® from KALO, Inc.) + TX; Azospirillum lipoferum (e.g., VERTEX-IF® from TerraMax, Inc.) + TX; Azorhizobium caulinodans, in particular the strain ZB-SK-5 + TX; Azotobacter chroococcum, in particular the strain H23 + TX; Azotobacter vinelandii, in particular the strain ATCC 12837 + TX; Azotobacter vinelandii and Clostridium pasteurianum. a mixture of Bacillus pasteurianum (available as INVIGORATE® from Agrinos) + TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens pm414 (LOLI-PEPTA® from Biofilm CropProtection) + TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SB3281 (ATCC#PTA-7542, WO 2017 / 205258) + TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TJ1000 (available as QUIKROOTS® from Novozymes) + TX; Bacillus Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in particular the strain IN937a + TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in particular the strain FZB42 (e.g. RHIZOVITAL® from ABiTEP, DE) + TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS27 (accession number NRRL B-5015) + TX;Bacillus cereus family member EE128 (NRRL No. B-50917) + TX; Bacillus cereus family member EE349 (NRRL No. B-50928) + TX; Bacillus cereus, in particular strain BP01 (ATCC 55675, e.g., MEPICHLOR® from Arysta Lifescience, US) + TX; Bacillus firmus, in particular strain CNMC 1-1582 (e.g., VOTIVO® from BASF SE) + TX; Bacillus mycoides BT155 (NRRL No. B-50921) + TX; Bacillus mycoides EE118 (Bacillus mycoides Bacillus mycoides EE118 (NRRL No. B-50918) + TX; Bacillus mycoides EE141 (NRRL No. B-50916) + TX; Bacillus mycoides BT46-3 (NRRL No. B-50922) + TX; Bacillus pumilus, particularly strain QST2808 (Accession No. NRRL No. B-30087) + TX; Bacillus pumilus, particularly strain GB34 (e.g., YIELD SHIELD® from Bayer Crop Science, DE) + TX; Bacillus siamensis, particularly strain KCTC 13613T + TX; Bacillus subtilis subtilis, particularly strain QST713 / AQ713 (having NRRL accession number B-21661 and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,051, available from Bayer CropScience LP, US as SERENADE® OPTI or SERENADE® ASO) + TX; Bacillus subtilis, particularly strain AQ30002 (having NRRL accession number LB-50421 and described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 13 / 330,576) + TX;Bacillus subtilis, particularly strain AQ30004 (NRRL No. B-50455 and described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 13 / 330,576) +TX; Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814, (available as TEQUALIS® from BASF SE), Bacillus subtilis rm303 (RHIZOMAX® from Biofilm Crop Protection) +TX; Bacillus thuringiensis BT013A (NRRL No. B-50924) (also known as Bacillus thuringiensis 4Q7) +TX; Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 (Bacillus a mixture of Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 and Bacillus subtilis FMCH002 (available from FMC Corporation as QUARTZO® (WG) and PRESENCE® (WP)) + TX; Bacillus subtilis, particularly the strain MBI600 (e.g., SUBTILEX® from BASF SE) + TX; Bacillus tequilensis, particularly the strain NII-0943 + TX; Bradyrhizobium japonicum (e.g., OPTIMIZE® from Novozymes) + TX; Delftia acidovorans, particularly the strain RAY209 (e.g., Brett Young Mesorhizobium cicer (e.g., NODULATOR from BASF SE) + TX; Lactobacillus sp. (e.g., LACTOPLANT from LactoPAFI) + TX;Rhizobium leguminosarium biovar viciae (e.g. NODULATOR from BASF SE) + TX; Pseudomonas proradix (e.g. PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) + TX; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in particular the strain PN1 + TX; Rhizobium leguminosarum, in particular the bv.viceae strain Z25 (accession number CECT 4585) + TX; Paenibacillus polymyxa, in particular the strain AC-1 (e.g. TOPSEED® from Green Biotech Company Ltd.) + TX; Serratia marcescens, in particular the strain SRM (accession number MTCC 8708) +TX; Sinorhizobium meliloti strain NRG-185-1 (NITRAGIN® GOLD from Bayer CropScience) +TX; Thiobacillus sp. (e.g., CROPAID® from Cropaid Ltd UK) +TX; and (3.2) Fungi, such as Purpureocillium lilacinum (formerly known as Paecilomyces lilacinus) strain 251 (AGAL 89 / 030550, e.g., BioAct from Bayer CropScience Biologics GmbH) +TX; Penicillium bilaii, strain ATCC 22348 (e.g., JumpStart® from Acceleron BioAg), Talaromyces flavus, strain V117b +TX; Trichoderma atroviride strain CNCM 1-1237 (e.g., Esquive® WP from Agrauxine, FR), Trichoderma viride viride), for example, strain B35 (Pietr et al., 1993, Zesz. Nauk.AR w Szczecinie 161:125-137) + TX; Trichoderma atroviride strain LC52 (also known as Trichoderma atroviride strain LU132, e.g., Sentinel® from Agrimm Technologies Ltd) + TX; Trichoderma atroviride strain SC1 (described in WO 2009 / 116106) + TX; Trichoderma asperellum strain kd (e.g., T-Gro from Andermatt Biocontrol) + TX; Trichoderma asperellum strain (Plant Health Eco-T from Bioprepraty, ZA) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22 (e.g. Trianum-P from Andermatt Biocontrol or Koppert) + TX; Myrothecium verrucaria strain AARC-0255 (e.g. DiTera™ from Valent Biosciences) + TX; Penicillium bilaii strain ATCC ATCC20851 + TX; Pythium oligodendrum strain M1 (ATCC 38472, e.g. Polyversum from Bioprepraty, CZ) + TX; Trichoderma virens virens strain GL-21 (e.g., SoilGard® from Certis, USA) + TX; Verticillium albo-atrum (formerly V. dahliae) strain WCS850 (CBS 276).92, e.g. Dutch Trig from Tree Care Innovations +TX; Trichoderma atroviride, in particular strain number V08 / 002387, strain number NMI number V08 / 002388, strain number NMI number V08 / 002389, strain number NMI number V08 / 002390 +TX; Trichoderma harzianum strain ITEM 908, Trichoderma harzianum TSTh20 +TX; Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22 +TX; Pythium oligodrum oligandrum) strain DV74 + TX; Rhizopogon amylopogon (e.g., Myco-Sol from Agri-Enterprise, LLC (formerly Helena Chem. Company)) + TX; Rhizopogon fluvigleva (e.g., Myco-Sol from Agri-Enterprise, LLC (formerly Helena Chem. Company)) + TX; Trichoderma virens strain GI-3 + TX; (4) an insecticidal biological control agent selected from the following: (4.1) Examples are bacteria such as: Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 (Galltrol from AgBiochem Inc.) + TX; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in particular the strain PTS-4838 (e.g. AVEO from Valent Biosciences, US) + TX; Bacillus firmus, in particular the strain CNMC1-1582 (e.g. VOTIVO® from BASF SE) + TX; Bacillus mycoides, isolate J. (e.g. BmJ from Certis USA LLC) + TX; Bacillus sphaericus, in particular the serotype H5a5b strain 2362 (strain ABTS-1743) (e.g. Valent Biosciences, US). BioSciences, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, in particular the strain ABTS-1857 (SD-1372, e.g., XENTARI® from Valent BioSciences) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, in particular the serotype H-7 (e.g., FLORBAC® WG from Valent BioSciences, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis strain BMP 144 (e.g., AQUABAC® from Becker Microbial Products, IL) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai), ...israelensis (serotype H-14) strain AM65-52 (accession number ATCC1276) (e.g., VECTOBAC® from Valent BioSciences, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai strain GC-91 + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis var. Colmeri (e.g., TIANBAOBTC from Changzhou Jianghai Chemical Factory) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis var. japonensis strain Buibui + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain BMP 123 (from Becker Microbial Products, IL) + TX; Becker Microbial Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain BMP 123 by Bayer CropScience Products, IL, e.g., BARITONE + TX from Bayer CropScience; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain HD-1 (e.g., DIPEL® ES from Valent BioSciences, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki strain EVB-113-19 (e.g., BIOPROTEC® from AEF Global) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain ABTS351 + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.kurstaki strain PB54 + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain SA11 (JAVELIN® from Certis, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain SA12 (THURICIDE from Certis, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain EG2348 (LEPINOX® from Certis, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain EG7841 (CryMAX® from Certis, US) + TX; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis strain NB176 (SD-5428, e.g. NOVODOR® FC from BioFa DE) + TX; Brevibacillus laterosporus (LATERAL® from Ecolibrium Biologicals Ltd.) + TX; Burkholderia spp.), in particular Burkholderia rinojensis strain A396 (also known as Burkholderia rinojensis strain MBI305) (Accession No. NRRL B-50319 +TX; WO 2011 / 106491 and WO 2013 / 032693 +TX; e.g., MBI206 TGAI and ZELTO® +TX from Marrone Bio Innovations); Chromobacterium subtsugae, in particular strain PRAA4-1T (MBI-203 +TX; e.g., GRANDEVO® from Marrone Bio Innovations) +TX; Lecanicillium muscarium Ve6 (Lecanicillium muscarium Ve6) (MYCOTAL from Koppert) + TX; Paenibacillus popilliae (formerly Bacillus popilliae) + TX; e.g., MILKY SPORE POWDER™ and MILKY SPORE GRA NULAR™ from St. Gabriel Laboratories + TX; Pasteuria nishizawae strain Pn1 (CLARIVA from Syngenta / ChemChina) + TX; Serratia entomophila (e.g., INVADE® from Wrightson Seeds) + TX; Serratia marcescens, particularly strain SRM (accession number MTCC 8708) + TX; Trichoderma asperellum asperellum (TRICHODERMAX® from Novozymes) + TX; Wolbachia pipientis ZAP strain (e.g., ZAP MALES® from MosquitoMate) + TX; and (4.2) Fungi, examples of which are: Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040 (e.g. NATURALIS® from Intrachem Bio Italia) + TX; Beauveria bassiana strain GHA (accession number ATCC 74250, e.g. BOTANIGUARD® ES and MYCONTROL-O® from Laverlam International Corporation) + TX; Beauveria bassiana strain ATP02 (accession number DSM24665) + TX; Isaria fumosorosea (formerly known as Paecilomyces fumosoroseus) strain Apopka 97 (PREFERAL® from SePRO) +TX; Metarhizium anisopliae 3213-1 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67074 as disclosed in WO 2017 / 066094; Pioneer Hi-Bred International) +TX; Metarhizium robertsii 15013-1 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67073) +TX; Metarhizium robertsii 23013-3 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67075) +TX; Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251 (MELOCON® from Certis, US) +TX; Zooftora radicans radicans)+TX; (5) A virus selected from the group consisting of Adoxophyes orana (smaller apple tortrix) granulosis virus (GV) + TX; Cydia pomonella (codling moth) granulosis virus (GV) + TX; Helicoverpa armigera (helicobacterium armigera) nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) + TX; Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm) mNPV + TX; Spodoptera frugiperda (stalk armyworm) mNPV + TX; Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian armyworm) NPV + TX; (6) Bacteria and fungi that can be added as an "inoculant" to plants or plant parts or plant tissues and that promote plant growth and plant health due to their specific properties, selected from the following: Agrobacterium spp. + TX; Azorhizobium caulinodans + TX; Azospirillum spp. + TX; Azotobacter spp. + TX; Bradyrhizobium spp. + TX; Burkholderia spp., in particular Burkholderia cepacia (formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia) + TX; Gigaspora spp. spp.) or Gigaspora monosporum + TX; Glomus spp. + TX; Laccaria spp. + TX; Lactobacillus buchneri + TX; Paraglomus spp. + TX; Pisolithus tinctorus + TX; Pseudomonas spp. + TX; Rhizobium spp., especially Rhizobium trifolii + TX; Rhizopogon spp. + TX; Scleroderma spp. + TX; Suillus spp.) + TX;Streptomyces spp.) + TX; (7) Plant extracts and products formed by microorganisms containing proteins and secondary metabolites that can be used as biological control agents, selected from the following: garlic (Allium sativum) (NEMGUARD from Eco-Spray; BRALIC from ADAMA) + TX; Armour-Zen + TX; Artemisia absinthium + TX; azadirachtin (e.g., AZATIN XL from Certis, US) + TX; Biokeeper WP + TX; Brassicaceae extracts, in particular rapeseed powder or mustard powder + TX; Cassia nigricans + TX; Celastrus angulatus + TX; Chenopodium anthelminticum + TX; chitin + TX; Dryopteris filix-mas + TX; Equisetum arvense arvense + TX; Fortune Aza + TX; Fungastop + TX; Chenopodium quinoa saponin extract from quinoa seeds (e.g., Head Up® (Saponins of Quinoa) from Heads Up plant Protectants, CA) + TX; natural Blad polypeptide extracted from lupine seeds (PROBLAD® from Certis EU) + TX; natural Blad polypeptide extracted from lupine seeds (FRACTURE® from FMC) + TX; Pyrethrum / Pyrethrins + TX; Quassia amara + TX; Quercus + TX; Quillaja extract (QL AGRI35 from BASF) + TX; Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (Marrone Bio's REGALLIA®, REGALIA® MAXX + TX; Requiem™ Insecticide + TX; Rotenone + TX; ryania / ryanodine + TX;Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) + TX; Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) + TX; Thymol + TX; Thymol mixed with geraniol (CEDROZ from Eden Research) + TX; Thymol mixed with geraniol and eugenol (MEVALONE from Eden Research) + TX; Triact 70 + TX; TriCon + TX; Nasturtium (Tropaeulum majus) + TX; Melaleuca alternifolia extract (TIMOREX GOLD® from STK) + TX; Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) + TX; Veratrine + TX; and Mistletoe (Viscum album) + TX; and Safeners such as benoxacor + TX, cloquintocet (including cloquintocet-mexyl) + TX, cyprosulfamide + TX, dichlormid + TX, fenchlorazole (including fenchlorazole-ethyl) + TX, fenclorim + TX, fluxofenim + TX, furilazole + TX, isoxadifen (including isoxadifen-ethyl) + TX, mefenpyr (including mefenpyr-diethyl) + TX, metcamifen + TX, and oxabetrinil + TX.

[0273] A reference in parentheses following an active ingredient, for example, [3878-19-1], refers to the Chemical Abstracts Registry Number. The aforementioned mixing partners are known. When active ingredients are included in "The Pesticide Manual" [The Pesticide Manual - A World Compendium; Thirteenth Edition; Editor: CDS TomLin; The British Crop Protection Council], they are listed therein under the entry number indicated in parentheses above for the particular compound; for example, the compound "abamectin" is listed under entry number (1). When a specific compound is mentioned above with "[CCN]," the compound in question is included in the "Compendium of Pesticide Common Names," which can be accessed via the Internet at [A. Wood; Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, Copyright 1995-2004]; for example, the compound "acetoprole" is listed at the Internet address http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / acetoprole.html.

[0274] Most of the active ingredients mentioned above are referred to above by so-called "common names", where in each case the relevant "ISO common name" or another "common name" is used. If the name is not a "common name", the nature of the name used instead is given in parentheses for the particular compound; in that case, the IUPAC name, IUPAC / Chemical Abstracts name, "chemical name", "customary name", "compound name" or "development code" is used, or if none of these names and no "common name" is used, an "alternative name" is utilized. "CAS Registry Number" means the Chemical Abstracts Registry Number.

[0275] Trade names in parentheses following the active ingredient refer to commercially available products containing this active ingredient.

[0276] The active ingredient mixture of a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds of Tables A1-A2, or a compound listed in Table P (hereinafter) with the above-mentioned active ingredient preferably comprises a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds of Tables A1-A2, or a compound listed in Table P (hereinafter) with the above-mentioned active ingredient in a weight ratio of 100:1 to 1:6000, in particular 50:1 to 1:50, more in particular 20:1 to 1:20, even more in particular 10:1 to 1:10, very in particular 5:1 to 1:5, with a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2 being particularly preferred. Preference is given to a ratio of 4:1 to 2:1, with ratios of 4:1 to 2:1 being equally preferred, and especially 1:1, or 5:1, or 5:2, or 5:3, or 5:4, or 4:1, or 4:2, or 4:3, or 3:1, or 3:2, or 2:1, or 1:5, or 2:5, or 3:5, or 4:5, or 1:4, or 2:4, or 3:4, or 1:3, or 2:3, or 1:2, or 1:600, or 1:300, or 1:150, or 1:35, or 2:35, or 4:35, or 1:75, or 2:75, or 4:75, or 1:6000, or 1:3000, or 1:1500, or 1:350, or 2:350, or 4:350, or 1:750, or 2:750, or 4:750. These mixing ratios are by weight.

[0277] The mixture may be used in a method for controlling pests, the method comprising the step of applying a composition comprising the mixture to the pest or its environment, excluding methods for treating the human or animal body by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods performed on the human or animal body.

[0278] The compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or a compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds shown in Tables A1-A2, or a mixture of a compound listed in Table P (below) with the above active ingredients can be applied, for example, in the form of a single "ready-to-use" compound, in a spray mixture consisting of a mixture of separate formulations of a single active ingredient, such as a "tank mix," or in a combination application in which the single active ingredients are applied one after the other within a reasonably short period of time (e.g., in sequence over a few hours or days). The order in which the compound of formula (I) and the above active ingredients are applied is not critical to the practice of the invention.

[0279] The compositions according to the invention may also comprise further solid or liquid auxiliaries, such as stabilizers, for example non-epoxidized or epoxidized vegetable oils (for example epoxidized palm oil, rapeseed oil or soybean oil), antifoaming agents, for example silicone oils, preservatives, viscosity regulators, binders and / or tackifiers, fertilizers or other active ingredients for obtaining specific effects, for example fungicides, fungicides, nematicides, plant activators, molluscicides or herbicides.

[0280] The compositions according to the invention can be prepared in a manner known per se in the absence of auxiliaries, for example by grinding, sieving and / or compressing the solid active ingredient, and in the presence of at least one auxiliaries, for example by intimately mixing the active ingredient with one or more auxiliaries and / or grinding.These processes for preparing the compositions and the use of compound I for preparing these compositions are also the subject of the present invention.

[0281] Other subjects of the present invention are methods for controlling the above-mentioned types of pests, such as application methods for the compositions, i.e., spraying, atomizing, dusting, brushing, dusting, spreading or pouring (which should be selected according to the intended purpose in the prevailing situation), and the use of the compositions for controlling the above-mentioned types of pests. Typical concentration rates are 0.1 to 1000 ppm, preferably 0.1 to 500 ppm, of active ingredient. The application rate per hectare is generally 1 to 2000 g of active ingredient per hectare, in particular 10 to 1000 g / ha, preferably 10 to 600 g / ha.

[0282] The preferred application method in the field of crop protection is application to the foliage of plants (foliar spray), whereby the frequency and amount of application can be selected to suit the threat of infestation by the targeted pest. Alternatively, the active ingredient can reach the plant via the root system (systemic action), by drenching the plant habitat with a liquid composition, or by uptake of the active ingredient in solid form, for example in granular form, into the plant habitat, e.g., the soil (soil application). In the case of rice crops, such granules can be metered into flooded rice fields.

[0283] The compounds of formula (I) of the present invention and compositions thereof are also suitable for protecting plant propagation material, such as seeds, e.g., fruits, tubers, or grains or seedlings, against the above-mentioned types of pests. The propagation material can be treated with the compounds before planting, e.g., seeds can be treated before sowing. Alternatively, the compounds can be applied to the seed kernels (coating) by immersing the kernels in a liquid composition or by applying a layer of a solid composition. It is also possible to apply the composition when planting the propagation material at the application site, e.g., in the seed furrow during row planting. These treatment methods for plant propagation material and the plant propagation material thus treated are further subjects of the present invention. Typical treatment rates depend on the plant and pest / fungus to be controlled and are generally 1 to 200 grams per 100 kg of seeds, preferably 5 to 150 grams per 100 kg of seeds, e.g., 10 to 100 grams per 100 kg of seeds.

[0284] The term "seed" encompasses all types of seeds and plant propagules, including, but not limited to, true seeds, seed fragments, underground stolons, grains, bulbs, fruits, tubers, flour, rhizomes, cuttings, cuttings, etc., and in a preferred embodiment refers to true seeds.

[0285] The present invention also includes seeds coated with, treated with, or containing a compound of formula (I). The term "coated with, treated with, and / or containing" generally indicates that the active ingredient is present on most of the surface of the seed upon application, although some or all of the ingredient may penetrate into the seed depending on the application method. When the seed product is (re)planted, the seed product may absorb the active ingredient. In one embodiment, the present invention provides plant propagation material having a compound of formula (I) attached thereto. This further provides a composition comprising plant propagation material treated with a compound of formula (I).

[0286] Seed treatment includes all suitable seed treatment techniques known in the art, such as seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, seed pelleting, etc. The seed treatment application of the compound of formula (I) can be carried out by any known method, such as spraying or dusting the seeds, before sowing or during sowing / planting of the seeds.

[0287] The compounds of the invention may optionally be applied at lower concentrations, for example 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2 ppm, 1 ppm or 0.2 ppm, or at lower application rates, for example 300, 200 or 100 mg / m 2 These compounds can be verified by those skilled in the art using experimental procedures using AIs (active ingredients) of the present invention and can be distinguished from other similar compounds by lower application rates and / or greater efficacy at controlling different pests. Greater efficacy can be observed by an increased safety profile (improved physicochemical properties or increased biodegradability against above- and below-ground non-target organisms (e.g., fish, birds, and bees)).

[0288] In various aspects and embodiments of the present invention, "consisting essentially of" and its conjugations are preferred embodiments of "comprise" and its conjugations, and "consisting of" and its conjugations are preferred embodiments of "consisting essentially of" and its conjugations.

[0289] The disclosure in this application makes available any and all combinations of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0290] The disclosure herein with respect to compounds of formula (I) applies equally to each of the compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (I-A1), (I-A2), or to one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented in Tables A1-A2, or the compounds listed in Table P (below).

[0291] Although the compounds according to the present invention can be used as pesticides in their native form, they are generally formulated into compositions using formulation aids such as carriers, solvents, and surfactants in various ways. The formulations can be in various physical forms, such as dusts, gels, wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, water-dispersible tablets, effervescent pellets, emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, oil flowables, aqueous dispersions, oil dispersions, suspoemulsions, capsule suspensions, emulsifiable granules, soluble liquids, water-soluble concentrates (with water or water-miscible organic solvents as carriers), impregnated polymer films, or other forms known from, for example, the Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides, United Nations, First Edition, Second Revision (2010). Such formulations can be used directly or diluted before use. Dilution can be carried out, for example, with water, liquid fertilizers, trace elements, biological materials, oils, or solvents.

[0292] The formulations can be prepared, for example, by mixing the active ingredient with formulation adjuvants to obtain a composition in the form of a finely divided solid, granules, solution, dispersion or emulsion. The active ingredient can also be formulated with other adjuvants, such as finely divided solids, mineral oil, oils of vegetable or animal origin, modified oils of vegetable or animal origin, organic solvents, water, surfactants or combinations thereof.

[0293] The active ingredient can also be contained in extremely small microcapsules. Microcapsules contain the active ingredient in a porous carrier, allowing the active ingredient to be released into the environment in controlled amounts (e.g., sustained release). Microcapsules typically have diameters of 0.1 to 500 microns. They contain the active ingredient in an amount of approximately 25 to 95% by weight of the capsule. The active ingredient can be in the form of a monolithic solid, fine particles in a solid or liquid dispersion, or a suitable solution. The encapsulating membrane can comprise, for example, natural or synthetic rubber, cellulose, styrene / butadiene copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyester, polyamide, polyurea, polyurethane, or chemically modified polymers and starch xanthate, or other polymers known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, fine microcapsules can be formed in which the active ingredient is contained in the form of finely divided particles in a solid matrix of a base material, but the microcapsules themselves are not encapsulated.

[0294] The formulation auxiliaries suitable for preparing the compositions according to the invention are known per se. Examples of liquid carriers include water, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, vegetable oils, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acid anhydrides, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butylene carbonate, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl esters of acetic acid, diacetone alcohol, 1,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol abiet, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, diproxitol, alkylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene carbonate, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 2-heptanone, alpha-pinene, d-limonene, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, gamma-butyrolactone, glycerol, glycerol acetate, glycerol diacetate, glycerol triacetate, hexadecane, hexylene glycol, isoamyl acetate, isobornyl acetate, isooctane, isophorone, isopropyl benzene, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, mesityl oxide, methoxypropanol, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl laurate, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, methylene chloride, m-xylene, n-hexane, n-octylamine, octadecanoic acid, octylamine acetate, Examples of suitable solvents include oleic acid, oleylamine, o-xylene, phenol, polyethylene glycol, propionic acid, propyl lactate, propylene glycol carbonate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, p-xylene, toluene, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, xylene sulfonic acid, paraffin, mineral oil, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and higher molecular weight alcohols such as amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0295] Suitable solid carriers are, for example, talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, diatomaceous earth, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed kernels, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, ground walnut kernels, lignin and similar substances.

[0296] Many surface-active substances can be used advantageously in both solid and liquid formulations, especially those that can be diluted with a carrier before use. The surface-active substances can be anionic, cationic, nonionic, or polymeric, and can be used as emulsifying agents, wetting agents, or suspending agents, or for other purposes. Typical surface-active substances include, for example, salts of alkyl sulfates, such as diethanolammonium lauryl sulfate; salts of alkylarylsulfonates, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; alkylphenol / alkylene oxide adducts, such as nonylphenol ethoxylate; alcohol / alkylene oxide adducts, such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate; soaps, such as sodium stearate; salts of alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, such as sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate; dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinates, such as sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; sorbitol esters, such as sorbitol oleate; quaternary amines, such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and salts of mono- and dialkyl phosphate esters; and also, for example, McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual, MC Publishing Corp., Ridgewood, New York, NY Contains additional substances described in Jersey (1981).

[0297] Further adjuvants that can be used in the pesticidal formulations include crystallization inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, suspending agents, dyes, antioxidants, foaming agents, light absorbers, mixing aids, antifoaming agents, complexing agents, neutralizing or pH adjusting substances and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances, wetting agents, absorption enhancers, micronutrients, plasticizers, glidants, lubricants, dispersants, thickeners, antifreeze agents, fungicides and liquid and solid fertilizers.

[0298] The composition according to the present invention may contain an additive comprising a vegetable oil or animal oil, a mineral oil, an alkyl ester of such oils, or a mixture of such oils and oil derivatives. The amount of oil additive in the composition according to the present invention is generally 0.01 to 10% based on the mixture to be applied. For example, the oil additive can be added to the spray tank at the desired concentration after preparing the spray mixture. Preferred oil additives include mineral oil or vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, olive oil, or sunflower oil, emulsified vegetable oils, alkyl esters of vegetable oils, e.g., methyl derivatives, or animal oils such as fish oil or beef tallow. Preferred oil additives are C8 to C6 22 Alkyl esters of fatty acids, especially C 12 ~C 18 Methyl derivatives of fatty acids, such as the methyl esters of lauric acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid (methyl laurate, methyl palmitate, and methyl oleate, respectively), are included. Many oil derivatives are listed in the Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants, 10 th Edition, Southern Illinois University, 2010.

[0299] The compositions of the present invention generally comprise 0.1 to 99% by weight, especially 0.1 to 95% by weight, of a compound of the present invention and 1 to 99.9% by weight of formulation adjuvants, preferably including 0 to 25% by weight of a surfactant. Commercial products are preferably formulated as concentrates, although end users will typically utilize diluted formulations.

[0300] The application rates vary within wide limits and depend on the nature of the soil, the method of application, the crop plant, the pests to be controlled, the prevailing weather conditions and other factors which depend on the method, time of application and target crop. As a general guideline, the compounds may be applied at a rate of 1 to 2000 l / ha, especially 10 to 1000 l / ha.

[0301] A preferred formulation may have the following composition (by weight): Emulsifiable concentrate: Active ingredient: 1-95%, preferably 60-90% Surfactant: 1 to 30%, preferably 5 to 20% Liquid carrier: 1 to 80%, preferably 1 to 35% Dust: Active ingredient: 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.1 to 5% Solid carrier: 99.9 to 90%, preferably 99.9 to 99% Suspension concentrate: Active ingredient: 5-75%, preferably 10-50% Water: 94-24%, preferably 88-30% Surfactant: 1 to 40%, preferably 2 to 30% Wettable powder: Active ingredient: 0.5 to 90%, preferably 1 to 80% Surfactant: 0.5 to 20%, preferably 1 to 15% Solid carrier: 5 to 95%, preferably 15 to 90% Granules: Active ingredient: 0.1 to 30%, preferably 0.1 to 15% Solid carrier: 99.5 to 70%, preferably 97 to 85% [Example]

[0302] The following examples further illustrate, but do not limit, the present invention.

[0303] Throughout this description, temperatures are given in degrees Celsius (°C) and "mp." means melting point. LC / MS means liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and a description of the equipment and methods follows.

[0304] LC-MS and GC-MS methods: Method A (LC-MS): Spectra were recorded using an ACQUITY mass spectrometer (SQD or SQDII single quadrupole mass spectrometer) from Waters Corporations equipped with an electrospray source (polarity: positive or negative ion, capillary voltage: 3.0 kV, cone voltage: 30 V, extractor voltage: 3.00 V, source temperature: 150 °C, desolvation temperature: 400 °C, cone gas flow: 60 L / hr, desolvation gas flow: 700 L / hr, mass scan range: 140-800 Da) and an ACQUITY UPLC from Waters Corporations equipped with a solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment, and diode array detector. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 μm, 30 × 2.1 mm, temperature: 60 °C, DAD wavelength range (nm): 210-400, solvent gradient: A = water / methanol 9:1 + 0.1% formic acid, B = acetonitrile + 0.1% formic acid, gradient: 0-100% B (2.5 min); flow rate (ml / min) 0.75.

[0305] Method B (LC-MS): Spectra were recorded using a mass spectrometer (SQD2 or QDA single quadrupole mass spectrometer) from Waters equipped with an electrospray source (polarity: reversible polarity, capillary voltage: 0.8-3.00 kV, cone range: 25, source temperature: 120-150 °C, desolvation temperature: 500-600 °C, cone gas flow: 50 L / h, desolvation gas flow: 1000 L / h, mass scan range: 110-850 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Quaternary solvent manager, heated column compartment, diode array detector, column: Acquity UPLC HSS T3 C18, 1.8 μm, 30 × 2.1 mm, temperature: 40 °C, DAD wavelength range (nm): 200-400, solvent gradient: A = water + 5% acetonitrile + 0.1% HCOOH, B = acetonitrile + 0.05% HCOOH: Gradient: 10% B (0 min); 10-50% B (0-0.2 min); 50-100% B (0.2-0.6 min); 100% B (0.6-1.3 min); 100-10% B (1.3-1.4 min); 10% B (1.4-1.6 min); flow rate (mL / min) 0.6.

[0306] Method C (LC-MS) Spectra were recorded using an Agilent Technologies mass spectrometer (6410 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (polarity: positive or negative ion, MS2 scan, capillary voltage: 4.00 kV, fragmentor voltage: 100 V, desolvation temperature: 350 °C, gas flow rate: 11 L / min, nebulizer gas: 45 psi, mass range: 110–1000 Da) and an Agilent 1200 series HPLC: quaternary pump, heated column compartment, and VWD detector. Column: KINETEX EVO C18, 2.6 μm, 50 × 4.6 mm, Temperature: 40 °C, VWD detector wavelength: 254 nm, Solvent gradient: A = water + 5% acetonitrile + 0.1% HCOOH, B = acetonitrile 0.1% HCOOH: Gradient: 10% B, 90% A (0 min); 100% B (0.9-1.8 min); 100-10% B (1.8-2.2 min); 10% B (2.2-2.5 min); Flow rate (mL / min) 1.8.

[0307] Method D (LC-MS): Spectra were recorded using a mass spectrometer (SQD2 or QDA single quadrupole mass spectrometer) from Waters equipped with an electrospray source (polarity: reversible polarity, capillary voltage: 0.8-3.00 kV, cone range: 25, source temperature: 120-150 °C, desolvation temperature: 500-600 °C, cone gas flow: 50 L / h, desolvation gas flow: 1000 L / h, mass scan range: 110-850 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters equipped with a quaternary solvent manager, heated column compartment, diode array detector, column: Acquity UPLC HSS T3 C18, 1.8 μm, 30 × 2.1 mm, temperature: 40 °C, DAD wavelength range (nm): 200-400, solvent gradient: A = water + 5% acetonitrile + 0.1% HCOOH, B = acetonitrile + 0.05% HCOOH: Gradient: 10% B for 0 min; 10% B for 0.0–0.5 min; 100% B for 0.5–2 min; 100% B for 2–3 min; 10% B for 3–3.5 min; 10% B for 3.5–4 min; flow rate (mL / min) 0.6.

[0308] Method E (LC-MS): Spectra were recorded using a mass spectrometer (SQD, SQDII or QDA single quadrupole mass spectrometer) from Waters Corporation equipped with an electrospray source (polarity: positive and negative ions): capillary voltage: 0.8-3.00 kV, cone voltage: 5-30 V, source temperature: 120-150 °C, desolvation temperature: 350-600 °C, cone gas flow: 50-150 l / h, desolvation gas flow: 650-1000 l / h, mass scan range: 110-950 Da and an Acquity UPLC from Waters Corporation: binary pump, heated column compartment, diode array detector and ELSD. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 μm, 30 × 2.1 mm, Temperature: 60 °C, DAD wavelength range (nm): 210–400, Run time: 1.5 min, Solvent: A = water + 5% MeOH + 0.05% HCOOH, B = acetonitrile + 0.05% HCOOH, Flow rate (ml / min): 0.85, Gradient: 10% B isocratic for 0.2 min, then 10–100% B for 1.0 min, 100% B isocratic for 0.2 min, 100–10% B for 0.05 min, 10% B isocratic for 0.05 min.

[0309] Example formulation

[0310] [Table 6]

[0311] This combination is thoroughly mixed with adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill to give a wettable powder which is diluted with water to give a suspension of the desired concentration.

[0312] [Table 7]

[0313] This combination is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvant and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill to obtain a powder that can be used directly as a seed treatment.

[0314] emulsifiable concentrate Active ingredient 10% Octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (4-5 mol ethylene oxide) 3% Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3% Castor oil polyglycol ether (35 mol ethylene oxide) 4% Cyclohexanone 30% Xylene mixture 50%

[0315] Emulsions of any desired dilution that can be used for plant protection are obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.

[0316] [Table 8]

[0317] Ready-to-use dusting powders are obtained by combining and mixing with a carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill. Such dusting powders can also be used for dry dressing of seeds.

[0318] Extruded Granules Active ingredient 15% Sodium lignosulfonate 2% Carboxymethylcellulose 1% Kaolin 82%

[0319] This combination is mixed with an adjuvant, ground, and the mixture is wetted with water. The mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.

[0320] Coated Granules Active ingredient 8% Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 200) 3% Kaolin 89%

[0321] This micronized combination is applied uniformly in a mixer to kaolin wetted with polyethylene glycol, thus obtaining coated granules that do not generate dust.

[0322] Suspension concentrate Active ingredient 40% Propylene glycol 10% Nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (15 mol ethylene oxide) 6% Sodium lignosulfonate 10% Carboxymethylcellulose 1% Silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water) 1% water 32%

[0323] The finely ground combination is thoroughly mixed with adjuvants to obtain a suspension concentrate, which can then be diluted with water to obtain a suspension of any desired dilution, and such dilutions can be used to treat and protect living plants and plant propagation material against microbial infestation by spraying, pouring, or dipping.

[0324] Flowable concentrate for seed treatment Active ingredient 40% Propylene glycol 5% Copolymer butanol PO / EO 2% Tristyrene phenol + 10-20 moles EO 2% 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (in the form of a 20% aqueous solution) 0.5% Monoazo dye calcium salt 5% Silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water) 0.2% Water 45.3%

[0325] The finely ground combination is thoroughly mixed with adjuvants to obtain a suspension concentrate, which can then be diluted with water to obtain a suspension of any desired dilution, and such dilutions can be used to treat and protect living plants and plant propagation material against microbial infestation by spraying, pouring, or dipping.

[0326] extended-release capsule suspension 28 parts of the combination are mixed with 2 parts aromatic solvent and 7 parts toluene diisocyanate / polymethylene-polyphenylisocyanate (8:1) mixture. This mixture is emulsified in a mixture of 1.2 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05 parts antifoaming agent, and 51.6 parts water until the desired particle size is achieved. A mixture of 2.8 parts 1,6-diaminohexane in 5.3 parts water is added to this emulsion. The mixture is stirred until the polymerization reaction is complete. The resulting capsule suspension is stabilized by adding 0.25 parts thickener and 3 parts dispersant. This capsule suspension formulation contains 28% active ingredient. The median capsule diameter is 8-15 microns. The resulting formulation is applied to seeds as an aqueous suspension using equipment suitable for that purpose.

[0327] Formulation types include emulsion concentrates (EC), suspension concentrates (SC), suspoemulsions (SE), capsule suspensions (CS), water-dispersible granules (WG), emulsifiable granules (EG), emulsions, water-in-oil (EO), emulsions, oil-in-water (EW), microemulsions (ME), oil dispersions (OD), oil-miscible flowables (OF), oil-miscible liquids (OL), soluble concentrates (SL), ultra-low volume suspensions (SU), ultra-low volume liquids (UL), technical concentrates (TK), dispersible concentrates (DC), wettable powders (WP), soluble granules (SG), or any technically feasible.

[0328] Abbreviation CDCl3 deuterated chloroform DCM dichloromethane (methylene chloride or methylene dichloride) DMF dimethylformamide DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO-d6 Deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide EtOAc ethyl acetate HCl Hydrochloric acid hr / hrs hours / hours LC-MS = Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy rt room temperature Rt retention time TBME Methyl tert-butyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether THF tetrahydrofuran TMS Tetramethylsilane

[0329] Preparation Examples "Mp" means melting point (°C). The free radical represents a methyl group.

[0330] 1 H NMR and 19 F NMR measurements were recorded on a Bruker 400 MHz spectrometer. Chemical shifts are expressed as TMS( 1 H) or CFCl3( 19 F) expressed in ppm relative to standard. Spectra were measured in deuterated solvents as specified.

[0331] For compound characterization, one of the LC-MS methods was used. The characteristic LC-MS values ​​obtained for each compound were the retention time ("Rt" recorded in minutes) and the measured molecular ion (M+H). + It was.

[0332] Example P1: Preparation of N-[[2-chloro-5-[(2S)-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonylamino)propoxy]-3-pyridyl]methyl]propanamide (Compound P-1, Table P) [ka]

[0333] Step A: Preparation of [(2S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propyl]methanesulfonate [ka] To a solution of tert-butyl N-[(1S)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate (5.00 g, 28.5 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was added triethylamine (5.97 mL, 42.8 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) at 0 °C, followed by the addition of methanesulfonyl chloride (2.49 mL, 31.4 mmol, 1.10 equiv.). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 2.5 h. It was then diluted with EtOAc and quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The aqueous layer was further extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give crude [(2S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propyl]methanesulfonate, which was used directly in the next step. 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ ppm:4.58-4.74(m,1H)4.22(br s,1H)4.12-4.19(m,1H)3.98(br s,1H)3.04(s,3H)1.45(s,9H)1.24(d,3H)

[0334] Step B: Preparation of tert-butyl N-[(1S)-2-[(6-chloro-5-cyano-3-pyridyl)oxy]-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate [ka] Cesium carbonate (23 mmol, 2 equiv.) was added to a solution of 2-chloro-5-hydroxy-pyridine-3-carbonitrile (1.8 g, 12 mmol, 1 equiv.) and [(2S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propyl]methanesulfonate (15 mmol, 1.3 equiv.) in N,N-DMF (20 mL / g) stirred at rt under a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting suspension was stirred at 60 °C overnight and then diluted with EtOAc. The solution was washed with water, and the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane / EtOAc mixtures) afforded the desired product as a white solid. 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ ppm 1.31(d,3H)1.46(s,9H)3.94-4.26(m,3H)4.56-4.75(m,1H)7.53(d,1H)8.30(d,1H).

[0335] Step C: Preparation of [(1S)-2-[(6-chloro-5-cyano-pyridin-1-ium-3-yl)oxy-1-methyl-ethyl]ammonium dichloride [ka] A 4 M solution of hydrochloric acid in EtOAc (66 mmol, 14 equiv.) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl N-[(1S)-2-[(6-chloro-5-cyano-3-pyridyl)oxy]-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate (1.5 g, 4.8 mmol, 1 equiv.) in EtOAc (4.1 mL / g) at 0° C. The temperature was then allowed to rise to rt, and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The resulting reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, washed with n-pentane, and dried in vacuo to give the desired product as a white solid. 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ ppm 1.29(d,3H)3.57-3.68(m,1H)4.14-4.22(m,1H)4.32(m,1H)8.26(d,1H)8.28-8.38(m,2H)8.48(d,1H).

[0336] Step D: Preparation of N-[(1S)-2-[(6-chloro-5-cyano-3-pyridinyl)oxy]-1-methyl-ethyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-methanesulfonamide [ka] Triethylamine (6 equiv., 21.1 mmol) and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (1.2 equiv., 4.2 mmol) were added dropwise to a solution of [(1S)-2-(6-chloro-5-cyano-pyridin-1-ium-3-yl)oxy-1-methyl-ethyl]ammonium dichloride (1 g, 3.5 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL / g) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was allowed to reach rt and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and an aqueous solution of citric acid. The two phases were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane / EtOAc mixtures) afforded the desired product as a white solid. 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ ppm 1.49(d,3H)4.02-4.17(m,3H)5.51(m,1H)7.52(d,1H)8.30(d,1H).

[0337] Step E: Preparation of N-[[2-chloro-5-[(2S)-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonylamino)propoxy]-3-pyridyl]methyl]propanamide (Compound P-1, Table P) Propionic anhydride (3 equiv., 0.44 mmol) and aqueous sodium bicarbonate (4 equiv., 0.58 mmol, 28.5 mL / g) were added to a stirred solution of N-[(1S)-2-[(6-chloro-5-cyano-3-pyridinyl)oxy]-1-methyl-ethyl]-1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide (50 mg, 0.15 mmol) in THF (60 mL / g) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Raney nickel (4.5 equiv., 0.65 mmol, 50% by weight) was then added to the mixture. The reaction mixture was then placed under a hydrogen atmosphere and stirred for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was then filtered through Celite, and the filter cake was washed thoroughly with THF. The combined filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and diluted with EtOAc. The organic phase was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane / EtOAc mixtures) gave the desired product. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, acetonitrile-d3) δ ppm 1.09 (t, 3H) 1.34 (d, 3H) 2.23 (q, 2H) 3.81-4.03 (m, 2H) 4.03-4.13 (m, 1H) 4.33 (d, 2H) 6.84 (br s, 1H) 6.94 (br s, 1H) 7.26 (d, 1H) 7.96 (d, 1H).

[0338] Example P2: Preparation of N-[[2-chloro-5-[(2S)-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonylamino)propoxy]phenyl]methyl]propanamide (Compound P-4, Table P) [ka]

[0339] Step A: Preparation of tert-butyl N-[(1S)-2-(4-chloro-3-cyano-phenoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate [ka] Cesium carbonate (2 equiv., 65.1 mmol) and [(2S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propyl]methanesulfonate (1.5 equiv., 48.8 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of 2-chloro-5-hydroxybenzonitrile (5 g, 32.6 mmol) in N,N-DMF (20 mL / g) at room temperature. The resulting suspension was stirred at 65 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOH and water. The two layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane / EtOAc mixtures) afforded the desired tert-butyl N-[(1S)-2-(4-chloro-3-cyano-phenoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate. 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ ppm 1.29(d,J=6.75Hz,3H)1.45(s,9H)3.89-4.14(m,3H)4.78-4.91(m,1H)7.10(dd,J=8.88,3.00Hz,1H)7.15-7.17(m,1H)7.38(d,J=9.01Hz,1H)

[0340] Step B: Preparation of [(1S)-2-(4-chloro-3-cyano-phenoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl]ammonium chloride [ka] A 4 M solution of hydrochloric acid in EtOAc (270 mmol, 11.7 equiv.) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl N-[(1S)-2-(4-chloro-3-cyano-phenoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate (7.4 g, 23 mmol, 1 equiv.) in EtOAc (4.1 mL / g) at 0° C. The temperature was then allowed to rise to rt, and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The resulting reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, washed with TBME, and dried in vacuo to give the desired product as a white solid. 1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ ppm 1.26-1.32(m,3H)3.58(br s,1H)4.10(dd,J=10.39,7.21Hz,1H)4.23(dd,J=10.39,3.91Hz,1H)7.38(dd,J=9.05,3.06Hz,1H)7.64-7.70(m,2H)8.44(br s,3H)

[0341] Step C: Preparation of N-[(1S)-2-(4-chloro-3-cyano-phenoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-methanesulfonamide [ka] Triethylamine (6 equiv., 130 mmol) and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (1.05 equiv., 23 mmol) were added dropwise to a solution of [(1S)-2-(4-chloro-3-cyano-phenoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl]ammonium chloride (5.3 g, 21 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL / g) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was then allowed to reach rt and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOH and water. The two phases were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane / EtOAc mixtures) afforded the desired product. 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ ppm 1.44-1.48(m,3H)3.93-3.99(m,1H)4.02-4.14(m,2H)5.70(s,1H)7.08-7.12(m,1H)7.14-7.16(m,1H)7.39-7.44(m,1H) 19 F NMR(377MHz,CDCl3)δ ppm -77.76(s,1 F)

[0342] Step D: Preparation of N-[[2-chloro-5-[(2S)-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonylamino)propoxy]phenyl]methyl]propanamide (Compound P-4, Table P) Propionic anhydride (3 equiv., 2.6 mmol) and aqueous sodium bicarbonate (4 equiv., 3.5 mmol, 18.5 mL / g) were added to a stirred solution of N-[(1S)-2-(4-chloro-3-cyano-phenoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-methanesulfonamide (300 mg, 0.87 mmol) in THF (60 mL / g) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Raney nickel (4.5 equiv., 3.94 mmol, 50% by weight) was then added to the mixture. The reaction mixture was then placed under a hydrogen atmosphere and stirred for 5 h. The reaction mixture was then filtered through Celite, and the filter cake was washed thoroughly with THF. The combined filtrates were concentrated under reduced pressure and diluted with EtOAc. The organic phase was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane / EtOAc mixtures) afforded the desired product. 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ ppm 1.17(t,J=...

Claims

1. Compounds of formula (I) 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, X is CH or N; R 1 But C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -haloalkyl, C 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl, cyano-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -Alkylsulfonyl-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, cyano-C 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 4 ~C 8 -bicycloalkyl, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, phenyl-C 1 ~C 4 -alkyl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C 1 ~C 3 -alkyl, wherein any of said 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is selected from N, O, S, S=O, or SO 2 and wherein only one is O, S, S=O, or SO 2 wherein the 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C 1 ~C 3 - any of the alkyls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, S and O, provided that only one is O or S; 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 4 ~C 8 -bicycloalkyl and any of the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl are unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, cyano, C 1 ~C 3 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 3 -haloalkyl, or C 3 ~C 6 cycloalkyl, and either said phenyl or said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two, or three substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -haloalkyl, or C 1 ~C 4 substituted by 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkoxy; R 2 But hydrogen, C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -alkoxy, C 1 ~C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, cyano-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 - alkylcarbonyl, or C 1 ~C 4 -alkoxycarbonyl; R 3 and R 4 is hydrogen or C 1 ~C 3 -alkyl; or R 3 and R 4 However, together with the carbon to which they are bonded, C 3 ~C 5 represents a cycloalkyl group; R 5 and R 6 is hydrogen or C 1 ~C 3 -alkyl; or R 5 and R 6 However, together with the carbon to which they are bonded, C 3 ~C 5 represents a cycloalkyl group; R 7 But C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -haloalkyl, C 3 ~C 6 - cycloalkyl, phenyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein said cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or is selected from halogen, cyano, C 1 ~C 3 - alkyl, or C 1 ~C 3 -haloalkyl; any of said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryls contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S and O, and any of said phenyl and said 5- or 6-membered heteroaryls is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, cyano, C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -haloalkyl, or C 1 ~C 4 -substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from alkoxy; R 8 But hydrogen, C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 -alkoxy, C 1 ~C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, cyano-C 1 ~C 4 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 4 - alkylcarbonyl, C 3 ~C 5 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C 1 ~C 4 -alkoxycarbonyl; and R 9 is halogen or C 1 ~C 3 -alkyl), or a salt or N-oxide.

2. R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 5 and R 6 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a cyclopropyl group.

3. R 9 3. The compound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein is chlorine.

4. R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 3 and R 4 A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a cyclopropyl group.

5. R 5 is methyl, and R 6 The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein is hydrogen.

6. R 8 The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein is hydrogen.

7. R 2 The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein is hydrogen.

8. R 7 The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein is dichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl.

9. R 1 But C 1 ~C 3 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 3 -haloalkyl, C 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl-C 1 ~C 3 -Alkyl, cyano-C 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, or 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl; any of said 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is N, O, S, S=O, or SO 2 wherein any of said 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl is unsubstituted or selected from halogen, cyano, C 1 ~C 2 Alkyl, C 1 ~C 2 Haloalkyl, or C 3 ~C 6 cycloalkyl; and the phenyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C 1 ~C 2 Alkyl, C 1 ~C 2 Haloalkyl, or C 1 ~C 2 The compound of any one of claims 1 to 8, which is substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from alkoxy.

10. R 1 But C 1 ~C 3 -Alkyl, C 1 ~C 3 -haloalkyl, or C 3 ~C 6 -cycloalkyl.

11. A composition comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. 12. The composition of claim 11, further comprising at least one additional active ingredient and / or an agrochemically acceptable diluent or carrier.

13. 13. A method for combating and controlling insects, mites or molluscs, which method comprises applying an insecticidally, acaricidally or molluscicidal amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition as defined in claim 11 or 12 to the pest, the habitat of the pest or plants susceptible to attack by the pest.

14. 13. A method for protecting plant propagation material from attack by insects, mites or mollusks, which method comprises treating the propagation material or the locus in which it is planted with an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition as defined in claim 11 or 12.

15. Plant propagation material, such as a seed, comprising or treated with or having attached thereto a compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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