Batteries and power-consuming devices

Abstract

A battery and a power consumption device, the battery including a housing, a battery module, and a pressure relief passage, the battery module being located within the housing, the battery module including at least one battery cell, each battery cell being provided with a first pressure relief mechanism, the housing having a second pressure relief mechanism, the pressure relief passage connecting the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of the at least one battery cell, the first pressure relief mechanism being used to release waste generated inside the battery cell to the pressure relief passage when activated, the pressure relief passage being used to guide the waste to move to the second pressure relief mechanism, the second pressure relief mechanism being used to release the waste in the pressure relief passage to the outside of the housing when activated, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure inside the housing, which is advantageous for reducing the risk of serious damage to the housing and improving the reliability of battery use.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS] This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application bearing application number 202310671230.X and entitled "Battery and Power Consumption Device" filed with the China Patent Office on June 7, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to batteries and power consuming devices. [Background technology]

[0003] Batteries are widely applied in various electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric airplanes, electric steamers, electric toy cars, electric toy steamers, electric toy airplanes, and power tools. The batteries may include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and secondary alkaline zinc-manganese batteries.

[0004] In the development of battery technology, in addition to research into battery performance, one of the priorities in battery research is how to improve the reliability of batteries during use.

[0005] The above discussion is merely intended to provide background information related to the present application and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a battery and a power consuming device that improves the reliability of battery use.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0008] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, the battery including a housing, a battery module, and a pressure relief passage, the battery module is located in the housing, the battery module includes at least one battery cell, each battery cell is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism, the housing has a second pressure relief mechanism, the pressure relief passage connects the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of the at least one battery cell, the first pressure relief mechanism is used to release waste generated inside the battery cell to the pressure relief passage when activated, the pressure relief passage is used to guide the waste to move to the second pressure relief mechanism, and the second pressure relief mechanism is used to release waste in the pressure relief passage to the outside of the housing when activated.

[0009] In the battery of the embodiment of the present application, when thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell within the battery, the first pressure relief mechanism is activated, and waste generated in the battery cell is released into the pressure relief passage through the first pressure relief mechanism and moves along the pressure relief passage to the second pressure relief mechanism. As the thermal runaway progresses further, the second pressure relief mechanism is activated, and the waste in the pressure relief passage is released to the outside of the casing through the second pressure relief mechanism, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure within the casing, reducing the risk of serious damage to the casing, and advantageously improving the reliability of battery use.

[0010] In some embodiments, a pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, and a length of a shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of the at least one battery cell is L;

number

[0011] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

number

[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, and the length of the shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of any one battery cell is L;

number

[0013] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the shortest discharge path L of each battery cell and the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism are both within a reasonable design range, further improving the reliability of battery use.

[0014] In some embodiments,

number

[0015] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

number

number

[0016] In some embodiments,

number

[0017] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the length L of the shortest exhaust path is within this range, and the design of the shortest exhaust path is not too short, which would shorten the cooling time of particulate matter and cause the temperature of particulate matter emitted from the battery to be high, which is likely to deteriorate the external environment of the battery, and the design of the shortest exhaust path is not too long, which would prolong the exhaust time and prevent timely pressure relief, which would cause serious damage to the housing.

[0018] In some embodiments, the volumetric energy density of the battery is E, the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, and

number

[0019] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

number

[0020] In some embodiments,

number

[0021] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism and the volumetric energy density E of the battery are more reasonably designed, which is advantageous in reducing the exhaust temperature of the battery and improving the reliability of the battery.

number

[0022] In some embodiments, a pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, a volumetric energy density of the battery is E, and a length of a shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of the at least one battery cell is L;

number

[0023] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

number

[0024] In some embodiments, a pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, a volumetric energy density of the battery is E, and a length of the shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of any one battery cell is L;

number

number

[0025] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the shortest discharge path L of each battery cell, the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism, and the volumetric energy density E of the battery cell are all within a reasonable design range, which can further improve the reliability of battery use.

[0026] In some embodiments,

number

[0027] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the shortest discharge path L of the battery cell, the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism, and the volumetric energy density E of the battery cell are all within a more reasonable design range, which can further improve the reliability of the battery in use.

number

number

[0028] In some embodiments,

number

[0029] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the volumetric energy density E of most batteries is within the above range, so the above formula is applicable to most batteries and has a wide range of application.

[0030] In some embodiments,

number

[0031] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism is within the above range, which reduces the risk of damage to the casing and excessive temperature, and is advantageous to improving the reliability of battery use. If the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism is designed too small, exhaust will be poor and pressure will not be relieved in a timely manner, which is likely to cause serious damage to the casing. If the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism is designed too large, oxygen gas in the air outside the battery will flow back into the casing and come into contact with the high-temperature exhaust inside the casing, further worsening the environment inside the casing.

[0032] In some embodiments,

number

[0033] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism is more reasonable, which can further reduce the risk of damage to the housing and excessively high battery temperature, and is beneficial to improving the reliability of battery use.

[0034] In some embodiments, the pressure relief passage further includes a first sub-pressure relief passage for connecting to the second pressure relief mechanism, and the battery further includes a partition member, which is used to separate the battery module and the first sub-pressure relief passage, and the partition member is provided with a plurality of first breathable structures, each of which connects the first pressure relief mechanism of at least one battery cell to the first sub-pressure relief passage.

[0035] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when a battery cell in a battery module experiences thermal runaway, the waste material released from the first pressure release mechanism of this battery cell enters the first pressure release passage through the first breathable structure, and the first pressure release passage and the battery module are separated by a partition member, thereby reducing the risk of contact between the waste material in the first pressure release passage and other battery cells in the battery module and reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of battery use.

[0036] In some embodiments, the pressure relief passage includes at least two first sub-pressure relief passages, each connected to a first ventilable structure corresponding to a different battery cell, and the first sub-pressure relief passages are separated by a spacer element.

[0037] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, if thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery cells, the waste material released from this battery cell will enter the first sub-pressure release passage connected to this battery cell, and the first sub-pressure release passages are separated by spacer elements, so that the waste material will not directly enter other first sub-pressure release passages, which is advantageous in reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0038] In some embodiments, the pressure relief passage further includes a communicating passage, which is surrounded by the wall surface of the partition member and the inner wall surface of the housing to form the communicating passage, and each first sub-pressure relief passage is connected to the second pressure relief mechanism via the communicating passage.

[0039] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the connecting passage is surrounded by the wall surface of the partition member and the inner wall surface of the housing to form a communicating passage, which has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0040] In some embodiments, the battery module includes at least one row of battery cells, each row of battery cells including at least one battery cell, and at least one first sub-pressure relief passage is provided corresponding to each row of battery cells, each first sub-pressure relief passage extends along the arrangement direction of the corresponding row of battery cells, and each first ventilable structure corresponding to each row of battery cells is connected to the corresponding first sub-pressure relief passage.

[0041] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, if thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell, the waste material released from this battery cell will enter the corresponding first sub-pressure release passage and be discharged, and the waste material will not enter other first sub-pressure release passages and come into contact with other battery cells, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation and improving the reliability of the battery cells.

[0042] In some embodiments, the second pressure relief mechanism is located on the side of the end of the battery module along the extension direction of the first sub-pressure relief passage.

[0043] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the exhaust in the first sub-pressure relief passage can be quickly discharged to the second pressure relief mechanism, thereby improving the battery pressure relief and exhaust effect.

[0044] In some embodiments, the communication passage is an annular passage, and the annular passage is disposed around the partition member.

[0045] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the exhaust discharged from the first sub-pressure release passage enters the annular passage and flows along the annular passage. By extending the exhaust discharge path in this way, the temperature drop time of the particulate matter in the exhaust can be extended, and the temperature of the particulate matter when it is discharged outside the battery is low, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of battery use.

[0046] In some embodiments, end plates are provided at both ends of at least one row of battery cells, and the end plates are inserted into the annular passage and sealingly connected to the inner wall surface of the housing, and the pressure relief passage further includes a second sub-pressure relief passage, which intersects with the first sub-pressure relief passage, and the second sub-pressure relief passage is used to connect the corresponding first sub-pressure relief passage and the annular passage.

[0047] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the exhaust released from the battery cell passes through the first sub-pressure release passage, the second sub-pressure release passage, and the annular passage before flowing to the second pressure release mechanism and finally being discharged outside the battery. In this way, the exhaust discharge path can be extended, the temperature drop time of the particulate matter in the exhaust is longer, and the temperature of the particulate matter when it is discharged outside the battery is lower, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of battery use.

[0048] In some embodiments, end plates are provided at both ends of each row of battery cells, and each of the first sub-pressure relief passages communicates with the second sub-pressure relief passage.

[0049] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the battery cells, the waste materials released by it will flow into the annular passage through the corresponding first and second sub-pressure release passages, then flow to the second pressure release mechanism through the annular passage, and then be released to the outside of the battery through the second pressure release mechanism, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of battery use.

[0050] In some embodiments, the pressure relief passage includes a plurality of second sub-pressure relief passages, the second sub-pressure relief passages being separated by spacer elements.

[0051] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of multiple second sub-pressure release passages allows the exhaust in the first sub-pressure release mechanism to be discharged through multiple second sub-pressure release passages, which is advantageous for quickly discharging the exhaust, reduces the risk of pressure accumulation and excessive temperature inside the housing, and improves the reliability of battery use.

[0052] In some embodiments, the plurality of second sub-pressure relief passages are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first sub-pressure relief passage.

[0053] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the battery cells arranged in the extension direction of the first sub-pressure release passage can discharge the waste materials released from the battery cells into the annular passage through the corresponding second sub-pressure release passage, and finally discharge them to the outside of the housing through the second pressure release mechanism, which is advantageous in reducing the risk of pressure accumulation and excessive temperature inside the housing and improving the reliability of battery use.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first sub-pressure relief passage and the second sub-pressure relief passage are perpendicular.

[0055] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the distribution of the first sub-pressure relief passage and the second sub-pressure relief passage is regular, which makes it easy to process and manufacture.

[0056] In some embodiments, the annular passage is provided with an annular member connected to the housing, the annular member is used to divide the annular passage into a first sub-annular passage and a second sub-annular passage, the second sub-annular passage is disposed surrounding the first sub-annular passage, the annular member is provided with a second ventilating structure for communicating the first sub-annular passage with the second sub-annular passage, the second sub-annular passage is connected to a second pressure relief mechanism, and the first sub-annular passage is communicated with the first sub-pressure relief passage.

[0057] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the exhaust emitted from the battery cell must pass through the first sub-annular passage and the second sub-annular passage, which extends the exhaust path, prolongs the cooling time of the particulate matter in the exhaust, and is advantageous in reducing the risk of the exhaust temperature outside the battery being too high, thereby improving the reliability of battery use.

[0058] In some embodiments, the second ventable structure is a perforation.

[0059] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the second breathable structure is a through hole, which has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0060] In some embodiments, the annular member includes at least three sidewalls connected end to end, with the second ventable structure being located on the sidewall remote from the second pressure relief mechanism.

[0061] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, because the distance between the second vent structure and the second pressure relief mechanism is far, the exhaust that passes through the second vent structure needs to travel a certain distance to flow to the second pressure relief mechanism and be discharged from the housing. In this way, the discharge path of the exhaust can be extended, the cooling time of the particulate matter in the exhaust is prolonged, the risk of the exhaust temperature outside the battery being too high is reduced, and the use reliability of the battery is improved.

[0062] In some embodiments, the side wall portion proximate the second pressure relief mechanism is a first side wall portion, and the second ventilable structure is provided on at least one of the side wall portion adjacent to the first side wall portion and the side wall portion opposite the first side wall portion.

[0063] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the second ventilated structure is designed to be separated from the second pressure relief mechanism, thus extending the exhaust path, which is advantageous in extending the cooling time of particulate matter in the exhaust and reducing the risk of the exhaust temperature outside the battery being too high.

[0064] In some embodiments, the second ventable structure is located in the middle of the corresponding sidewall portion.

[0065] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the second breathable structure is located in the middle of the side wall portion, and the distance from the battery cells located at both ends to the second breathable structure is not too far. In this way, waste materials emitted from the battery cells located at the ends can also be quickly discharged, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of battery use.

[0066] In some embodiments, the housing further includes a bottom plate, the partition member is supported on the bottom plate via a spacer element, the battery module is located above the partition member, and the first pressure relief mechanism is located at the bottom of the battery cell.

[0067] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first pressure relief mechanism is located at the bottom of the battery cell, and the battery module and the first sub-pressure relief mechanism are separated by a partition member. In this way, the waste material released from the first pressure relief mechanism is less likely to come into contact with the electrical components at the top of the battery cell, which is advantageous in reducing the risk of damage to the battery cell and improving the reliability of battery use.

[0068] In some embodiments, the partition member is a thermal management component, and the thermal management component is used to provide heat exchange with the battery module.

[0069] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the partition member is directly a thermal management component, thus no additional components are required, which is advantageous to reducing the number of components of the battery, and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0070] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power consuming device including the battery of any one of the above embodiments.

[0071] The above description is merely an outline of the technical solution of the present application. In order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood and implemented in accordance with the content of the specification, and to make the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the present application more clearly and easily understood, specific embodiments of the present application are given below. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0072] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting any creative efforts. [Figure 1] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a power consumption device according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 2] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 3] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery shown in FIG. 4 from one viewing angle. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5. [Figure 8] FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 6. [Figure 9] FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of a portion D in FIG. 6. [Figure 10] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery shown in FIG. 4 from another viewing angle. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG in FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH in FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a partial enlarged view of a portion I in FIG. [Figure 18] FIG. 17 is a partial enlarged view of a portion J in FIG. [Figure 19] FIG. 17 is a partial enlarged view of a portion K in FIG. [Figure 20] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the battery shown in FIG. [Figure 21] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a plurality of battery cells according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 22] FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 23] FIG. 23 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery shown in FIG. 22 after the top cover is hidden. [Figure 24] FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the battery shown in FIG. 22. [Figure 25] FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery shown in FIG. 25 after the top cover is hidden. [Figure 27] FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the battery shown in FIG. [Figure 28] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application after concealing the top cover; [Figure 29] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application after concealing the top cover; [Figure 30] FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 31] FIG. 31 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery shown in FIG. 30 after the top cover is hidden. [Figure 32] FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of the battery shown in FIG. 30. [Figure 33] FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 34] FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of the battery shown in FIG. 33. [Figure 35] FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of the battery shown in FIG. 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0073] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail, and examples of the embodiments are shown in Figures 1 to 35, where the same or similar symbols throughout represent the same or similar elements, or elements having the same or similar functions. The following examples described with reference to Figures 1 to 35 are illustrative and are used to interpret the present application, and should not be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0074] In describing the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. are orientations or positional relationships shown based on the drawings, and are merely for the convenience and simplification of the description of the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the referred-to devices or elements must have a specific orientation or be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0075] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or suggesting the relative importance or the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature qualified by "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specifically and explicitly limited, "plurality" means two or more than two.

[0076] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined or limited, the terms "attached," "connected," "coupled," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and may refer to, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, internal communication between two elements, or an interactive relationship between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific circumstances.

[0077] It should be explained that in the description of this application, the term "and / or" merely describes the relationship between related objects and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B may represent three cases: A alone, a combination of A and B, and B alone.

[0078] It should be further explained that the same reference numerals in the embodiments of the present application represent the same components or the same parts and components, and in the drawings, only one of the parts or components may be referenced as an example, and it should be understood that the reference numerals are equally applicable to other same parts or components.

[0079] In this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "particular example," or "some examples" and the like are intended to mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, general references to the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, unless inconsistent, those skilled in the art may combine and combine various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described herein.

[0080] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two); similarly, "sets" refers to two or more (including two sets); and "plurality" refers to two or more (including two). Unless otherwise specified and clearly defined, "at least one" means one or more than one.

[0081] In this application, for convenience of explanation, the Z axis in the drawings represents the up-down direction, the positive direction of the Z axis represents up and the negative direction of the Z axis represents down, the Y axis in the drawings represents the front-to-back direction, the positive direction of the Y axis represents back and the negative direction of the Y axis represents front, and the X axis in the drawings represents the left-to-right direction, the positive direction of the X axis represents right and the negative direction of the X axis represents left.

[0082] The battery referred to in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module containing one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. The battery generally includes a housing for packaging one or more battery cells. The housing can prevent liquids or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery cells may include, but are not limited to, lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, or magnesium ion batteries. The battery cells may have a cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or other shape, but are not limited to these. Battery cells are generally divided into three types based on packaging: cylindrical battery cells, rectangular battery cells, and pouch battery cells, but are not limited to these.

[0084] A battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. The battery cell operates mainly through the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrode plates.

[0085] The development of battery technology must simultaneously consider a wide range of design factors, including performance parameters such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, and charge / discharge rate, as well as the reliability of the battery during use.

[0086] The main safety risk for battery cells lies in the charging and discharging processes, and appropriate environmental temperature design is also necessary. To effectively prevent unnecessary losses, battery cells generally have at least three protection measures. Specifically, the protection measures include at least a switching element, the selection of an appropriate separator material, and a first pressure relief mechanism.

[0087] The first pressure relief mechanism refers to an element or component that operates to release the internal pressure or temperature of a battery cell when the internal pressure, temperature, or other condition of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold. The design of this threshold varies depending on design requirements. The threshold may be determined by one or more materials of the positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate, electrolyte, and separator of the battery cell. The first pressure relief mechanism may take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve, a safety valve, etc., or may specifically be a pressure- or temperature-sensitive element or structure. That is, when the internal pressure, temperature, or other condition of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold, the first pressure relief mechanism performs an operation or a fragile structure provided in the first pressure relief mechanism ruptures, thereby forming a path that can be used to release the internal pressure or temperature.

[0088] The term "activation" in the embodiments of the present application refers to the first pressure relief mechanism taking action or being activated to a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell. The action taken by the first pressure relief mechanism may include, but is not limited to, at least a portion of the first pressure relief mechanism being ruptured, crushed, melted, torn, or opened. When the first pressure relief mechanism is activated, the internal waste of the battery cell is discharged to the outside through the portion that acts as a discharge. In this manner, the pressure and temperature of the battery cell can be relieved when the pressure or temperature is controllable, thereby avoiding the occurrence of potentially more serious accidents.

[0089] When the first pressure relief mechanism is activated, the high-temperature and high-pressure material inside the battery cell is discharged to the outside through the operating part as a discharge. In this way, when the pressure or temperature is controllable, the pressure and temperature of the battery cell are relieved, thereby preventing the occurrence of a potentially more serious accident.

[0090] The discharged materials from the battery cells mentioned in the examples of this application include, but are not limited to, electrolyte, melted or torn positive and negative electrode plates, separator fragments, high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by reactions, flames, etc.

[0091] Generally, as the thermal runaway of a battery cell progresses, the waste materials released from the battery cell propagate within the battery casing, and the temperature and pressure within the casing continue to rise, gradually deforming the casing and eventually causing serious damage, which will have a serious impact on the reliability of the battery.

[0092] Based on this, in order to improve the reliability of battery use, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising a housing, a battery module, and a pressure relief passage, wherein the battery module is located within the housing, the battery module includes battery cells, the battery cells are provided with a first pressure relief mechanism, and a second pressure relief mechanism is installed in the battery housing. In this way, when thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell within the battery, the first pressure relief mechanism is activated, and emissions generated in the battery cell are released into the pressure relief passage through the first pressure relief mechanism. As the emissions propagate within the pressure relief passage, the second pressure relief mechanism is activated, and the emissions in the pressure relief passage are released to the outside of the housing through the second pressure relief mechanism, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure within the housing and reducing the risk of serious damage to the housing, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of battery use.

[0093] Regarding the batteries and power-consuming devices using the batteries as power sources disclosed in the embodiments of the present application, the power-consuming devices may be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, battery-powered vehicles, electric cars, steamships, spacecraft, etc. Here, the electric toys may include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric steamship toys, and electric plane toys, and the spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spaceships.

[0094] For ease of explanation, the following embodiment will be described by taking an example in which the power consuming device in one embodiment of the present application is a vehicle 1000.

[0095] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel oil vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a range extender vehicle, etc. A battery 1100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 1100 may be installed at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery 1100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 1100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 1200 and a motor 1300, and the controller 1200 is used to control the battery 1100 to power the motor 1300, for example, for operating power needs during starting, navigation, and driving of the vehicle 1000.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 1100 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, providing driving power to the vehicle 1000 in place of or in place of fuel oil or natural gas.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 2 , one embodiment of a battery 1100 includes a housing 10 and a battery module 20, and the battery module 20 is housed within the housing 10. Here, the housing 10 is for providing a housing space for the battery cells 21, and the housing 10 can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which are fitted over each other and together define a housing space for accommodating the battery cells 21. The second portion 12 may have a hollow structure with one end open, or the first portion 11 may have a plate-like structure. By fitting the first portion 11 over the open side of the second portion 12, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 define the housing space together. Both the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may have a hollow structure with one end open, and the open side of the first portion 11 fits over the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may have various shapes, such as a cylindrical body or a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0098] In another embodiment, the housing 10 may further include a top cover 13, a framework 14, and a bottom plate 15, with the top cover 13 and the bottom plate 15 attached to the top and bottom sides of the framework 14, respectively, thereby defining a storage space for accommodating the battery cells.

[0099] The battery module 20 includes one or more battery cells 21, where the battery cells 21 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel, and the series-parallel connection refers to both series and parallel connections of the battery cells 21.

[0100] In one embodiment, a plurality of battery cells 21 may be directly connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel to one another, and then the battery module 20 configured with the plurality of battery cells 21 may be housed within the housing 10. Of course, a plurality of battery modules 20 may be further connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel to form a whole and housed within the housing 10. The battery 1100 may further include other structures. For example, the battery 1100 may further include busbar components for achieving electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 21. Here, each battery cell 21 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, and may be, but is not limited to, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery. The battery cell 21 may have a cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or other shape.

[0101] 3, which is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell 21 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 21 refers to the smallest unit constituting a battery. As shown in FIG. 3, the battery cell 21 includes a housing, an electrode assembly 213, and other functional components. Illustratively, the housing includes an end cap 212 and a case 211.

[0102] The end cap 212 is a component that covers the opening of the case 211 and isolates the internal environment of the battery cell 21 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 212 can be adapted to the shape of the case 211 so as to fit snugly to the case 211. In one embodiment, the end cap 212 may be made of a material (e.g., an aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength. This makes the end cap 212 less likely to deform when subjected to pressure or impact, thereby providing the battery cell 21 with higher structural strength and improving safety. Functional components such as electrode terminals 214 may be disposed on the end cap 212. The electrode terminals 214 may be used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 213 to input and output electrical energy to and from the battery cell 21. In some embodiments, the end cap 212 may further be disposed with a first pressure relief mechanism 215 for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 21 reaches a threshold. The end cap 212 may be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, synthetic resin, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited thereto. In some embodiments, an insulating member may be further installed inside the end cap 212. The insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the case 211 from the end cap 212 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating member may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0103] The case 211 is an assembly that fits into the end cap 212 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 21. The formed internal environment may be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 213, electrolyte, and other components. The case 211 and the end cap 212 may be separate components, or an opening may be provided on the case 211, and the end cap 212 may be placed over the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 21. Without limitation, the end cap 212 and the case 211 may be integrated. In one embodiment, the end cap 212 and the case 211 form a common connection surface before other components are placed in the case. When the interior of the case 211 needs to be packaged, the end cap 212 may be placed over the case 211. The case 211 may have various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical body, a hexagonal prism, etc. In one embodiment, the shape of the case 211 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 213. The case 211 may be made of various materials such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, synthetic resin, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited thereto.

[0104] The electrode assembly 213 is a component where an electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 21. One or more electrode assemblies 213 may be included in the case 211. The electrode assembly 213 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator member. During charging and discharging of the battery cell, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) are absorbed and released by moving back and forth between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator member, which is installed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, prevents short-circuiting between the positive and negative electrodes and allows the active ions to pass through.

[0105] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive plate, which may include a positive current collector and a positive active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive current collector.

[0106] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode plate, which may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0107] In some embodiments, the separator member is a separator. The present application does not particularly limit the type of separator, and any separator with a known porous structure having good chemical stability and mechanical stability may be selected.

[0108] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 213 is a wound structure. A positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are wound together to form the wound structure.

[0109] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 213 is a laminate structure.

[0110] As shown in FIGS. 4 to 11 , one embodiment of the present application provides a battery 1100, which includes a housing 10, a battery module 20, and a pressure relief passage 30. The battery module 20 is located in the housing 10, and the battery module 20 includes at least one battery cell 21, each battery cell 21 being provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 215. The housing 10 has a second pressure relief mechanism 16. The pressure relief passage 30 connects the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of the at least one battery cell 21 to the second pressure relief mechanism 16. When activated, the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is used to release waste generated inside the battery cell 21 to the pressure relief passage 30. The pressure relief passage 30 is used to guide the waste to move to the second pressure relief mechanism 16. When activated, the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is used to release the waste in the pressure relief passage 30 to the outside of the housing 10.

[0111] When the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is activated, it can release waste generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 to the outside of the battery cell 21. Referring to FIG. 3, in the normal use state of the battery cell 21, the first pressure relief mechanism 215 may be provided on the top of the battery cell 21, i.e., on the end cap 212 of the battery cell 21, and the first pressure relief mechanism 215 may also be provided on the side wall of the case 211 of the battery cell 21, or the first pressure relief mechanism 215 may also be provided on the bottom of the case 211 of the battery cell 21.

[0112] When the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is activated, the waste released from the battery cells 21 into the pressure relief passage 30 can be discharged to the outside of the housing 10, and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 may be provided on the top cover 13, the framework 14, or the bottom plate 15 of the housing 10. The operating principles of the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 are similar, and therefore will not be described here.

[0113] The pressure relief passage 30 connects the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 of at least one battery cell 21. As can be understood, when the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 connected to the pressure relief passage 30 are simultaneously operated, the pressure relief passage 30 can communicate the corresponding first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16, so that the waste released from the first pressure relief mechanism 215 can move to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 and be discharged outside the battery 1100 through the second pressure relief mechanism 16. Furthermore, when there is one battery cell 21, the pressure relief passage 30 connects the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 of this battery cell 21. When there are multiple battery cells 21, the number of battery cells 21 connected to the pressure relief passage 30 can include, but is not limited to, one, two, three, or four.

[0114] In the battery 1100 of the embodiment of the present application, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 21 within the battery 1100, the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is activated, and the waste generated in the battery cell 21 is released into the pressure relief passage 30 through the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and moves along the pressure relief passage 30 to the second pressure relief mechanism 16. As the thermal runaway progresses further, the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is activated, and the waste in the pressure relief passage 30 is released to the outside of the housing 10 through the second pressure relief mechanism 16, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure within the housing 10, reducing the risk of serious damage to the housing 10, and advantageously improving the reliability of the use of the battery 1100.

[0115] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 6 to 9, the pressure relief passage 30 further includes a first sub-pressure relief passage 31 for connecting to the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and the battery 1100 further includes a partition member 50, which is used to separate the battery module 20 and the first sub-pressure relief passage 31, and the partition member 50 is provided with a plurality of first breathable structures 51, and each first breathable structure 51 connects the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of at least one battery cell 21 to the first sub-pressure relief passage 31.

[0116] The first sub-pressure relief passage 31 may also refer to a passage that can be connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and after the exhaust released from the battery cell 21 enters the first sub-pressure relief passage 31, it can move along the first sub-pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism 16.

[0117] The partition member 50 may refer to a component that can separate the battery module 20 from the first sub-pressure relief passage 31. In some embodiments, the partition member 50 may be a partition plate, a liquid cooling plate, or other structure that can separate the battery module 20 from the first sub-pressure relief passage 31.

[0118] The first vent structure 51 may refer to a vent structure that can connect the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the first pressure relief mechanism 215, and waste released from the first pressure relief mechanism 215 can enter the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 through the first vent structure 51. Here, the first vent structure 51 may be a through-hole, a vent valve, etc. However, without being limited thereto, in some embodiments, the first vent structure 51 may be a weakened area installed on the partition member 50, and when the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is activated, the weakened area can be broken to further connect the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the first sub-pressure relief passage 31.

[0119] Each first breathable structure 51 connects the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of at least one battery cell 21 to the first sub-pressure relief passage 31, and it can be understood that if there is one battery cell 21, the first breathable structure 51 connects the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of this battery cell 21 to the first sub-pressure relief passage 31, and if there are multiple battery cells 21, the number of battery cells 21 connected to the first breathable structure 51 includes, but is not limited to, one, two, three, or four.

[0120] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when a battery cell 21 in a battery module 20 experiences thermal runaway, the waste material released from the first pressure release mechanism 215 of this battery cell 21 enters the first pressure release passage 30 through the first breathable structure 51, and the first pressure release passage 30 and the battery module 20 are separated by the partition member 50. This reduces the risk of contact between the waste material in the first pressure release passage 30 and other battery cells 21 in the battery module 20, and reduces the risk of thermal runaway propagation, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0121] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 10 and 11, the pressure relief passage 30 includes at least two first sub-pressure relief passages 31, each of which is connected to a first ventilable structure 51 corresponding to a different battery cell 21, and the first sub-pressure relief passages 31 are separated by a spacer element 60.

[0122] The number of first sub-pressure relief passages 31 includes, but is not limited to, two, three, four, or five, and each first sub-pressure relief passage 31 is connected to the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of a different battery cell 21, and thus different battery cells 21 can be connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 through different first sub-pressure relief passages 31, and the spacer element 60 may refer to a component located between two adjacent first sub-pressure relief passages 31 and separating the two adjacent first sub-pressure relief passages 31, so that the two adjacent first sub-pressure relief passages 31 become two independent passages.

[0123] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, if thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery cells 21, the waste material released from this battery cell 21 will enter the first sub-pressure release passage 31 connected to this battery cell 21, and the first sub-pressure release passages 31 are separated from each other by the spacer element 60, so that the waste material will not directly enter other first sub-pressure release passages 31, which is advantageous in reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0124] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 8 and 11, the pressure relief passage 30 further includes a communicating passage 32, and the wall surface of the partition member 50 and the inner wall surface of the housing 10 are surrounded to form the communicating passage 32, and each first sub-pressure relief passage 31 is connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 via the communicating passage 32.

[0125] The communicating passage 32 may refer to the gap space located between the wall surface of the partition member 50 and the inner wall surface of the housing 10, and this gap space can connect each first sub-pressure release passage 31 to the second pressure release mechanism 16. In this way, the discharged matter flowing out from each first sub-pressure release passage 31 can move to the second pressure release mechanism 16 through the communicating passage 32, thereby realizing the pressure release and discharge of the battery 1100.

[0126] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the connecting passage is surrounded by the wall surface of the partition member 50 and the inner wall surface of the housing 10 to form the communicating passage 32, which has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0127] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIGS. 4 and 11 , the battery module 20 includes at least one row of battery cells 21, each row of battery cells 21 includes at least one battery cell 21, and at least one first sub-pressure relief passage 31 is installed corresponding to each row of battery cells 21, each first sub-pressure relief passage 31 extends along the arrangement direction (X direction) of the corresponding row of battery cells 21, and each first ventilable structure 51 corresponding to each row of battery cells 21 is connected to the corresponding first sub-pressure relief passage 31.

[0128] The battery cells 21 in the battery module 20 are arranged in an array, and the battery module 20 includes at least one row of battery cells 21. That is, the number of rows of battery cells 21 in the battery module 20 includes, but is not limited to, one, two, three, four, or five. The number of first sub-pressure relief passages 31 installed corresponding to the battery cells 21 in each row may be one, two, three, four, or five. The first pressure relief mechanisms 215 of the battery cells 21 in each row can all be connected to the corresponding first sub-pressure relief passages 31. In this way, waste released by the battery cells 21 due to thermal runaway can enter the corresponding first sub-pressure relief passages 31 through the first ventilated structure 51 and flow to the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and finally be discharged to the outside of the housing 10 via the second pressure relief mechanism 16. For example, the number of columns of battery cells 21 is the same as the number of first sub-pressure release passages 31, and the first pressure release mechanism 215 of each column corresponds to one first sub-pressure release passage 31. This first sub-pressure release passage 31 extends along the arrangement direction (X direction) of the battery cells 21 in the corresponding column and is connected to the first pressure release mechanism 215 of each battery cell 21 in the corresponding column. In this way, waste materials released by the battery cells 21 due to thermal runaway enter the corresponding first sub-pressure release passage 31 and are discharged.

[0129] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, if thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell 21, the waste material released from this battery cell 21 will enter the corresponding first sub-pressure release passage 31 and be discharged, and the waste material will not enter other first sub-pressure release passages 31 and come into contact with other battery cells 21, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation and improving the reliability of the battery cells 21.

[0130] In another embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 11, the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is located on the side of the end of the battery module 20 along the extension direction (X direction) of the first sub-pressure relief passage 31.

[0131] The second pressure release mechanism 16 is attached to the housing 10 and is located to the side of the end of the battery module 20 along the extension direction (X direction) of the first sub-pressure release passage 31, i.e., the second pressure release mechanism 16 is located to the side of the end outlet of the first sub-pressure release passage 31.In this way, the discharged matter in the first sub-pressure release passage 31 can be discharged from the end opening of the first sub-pressure release passage 31 and then directly discharged from the second pressure release mechanism 16 to the outside of the battery 1100.

[0132] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the exhaust in the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 can be quickly discharged to the second pressure relief mechanism 16, thereby improving the pressure relief and exhaust effect of the battery 1100.

[0133] In another embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 11 , the communication passage 32 is an annular passage 33 , and the annular passage 33 is disposed surrounding the partition member 50 .

[0134] The communication passage 32 is annular and is provided so as to surround the periphery of the partition member 50 .

[0135] Normally, the exhaust released from the second pressure release mechanism 16 contains a large amount of particulate matter, and if the temperature of the particulate matter released from the second pressure release mechanism 16 is high and the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 becomes too high, it is likely to cause deterioration of the external environment of the battery 1100, and seriously affect the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0136] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the exhaust discharged from the first sub-pressure release passage 31 enters the annular passage 33 and flows along the annular passage 33. By extending the exhaust path in this manner, the temperature drop time of the particulate matter in the exhaust can be extended, the temperature of the particulate matter discharged outside the battery 1100 is low, and the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 is reduced, which is advantageous to improving the usage reliability of the battery 1100.

[0137] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 12 to 14, end plates 22 are provided at both ends of at least one row of battery cells 21, and the end plates 22 are inserted into the annular passage 33 and sealed and connected to the inner wall surface of the housing 10, and the pressure relief passage 30 further includes a second sub-pressure relief passage 34, which intersects with the first sub-pressure relief passage 31, and the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 is used to connect the corresponding first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the annular passage 33.

[0138] The end plate 22 is used to fix the battery cells 21 in a corresponding row and may refer to a part located at the end of the battery cells 21 in a corresponding row, and the end plate 22 and the battery cells 21 may be connected by methods such as screwing, locking, or adhesive.

[0139] The end plate 22 is inserted into the annular passage 33 and is sealingly connected to the inner wall surface of the housing 10. As can be seen, a sealing structure can be formed between the end plate 22 and the inner wall surface of the housing 10. The sealing structure can be formed between the end plate 22 and the wall surface of the housing 10 by welding, sealant, sealing ring, etc. This sealing structure separates the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16. Thus, the discharged matter in the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 can move directly to the second pressure relief mechanism 16. The pressure release passage 30 may further include a second sub-pressure release passage 34, and the second sub-pressure release passage 34 may be a passage that intersects with the first sub-pressure release passage 31. In this way, the second sub-pressure release passage 34 extends to the side of the first sub-pressure release passage 31, thereby connecting the first sub-pressure release mechanism with the annular passage 33. In this way, the discharged matter in the first sub-pressure release passage 31 flows into the annular passage 33 via the second sub-pressure release passage 34, and finally flows to the second pressure release mechanism 16, where it is discharged outside the housing 10.

[0140] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the exhaust released from the battery cell 21 passes through the first sub-pressure release passage 31, the second sub-pressure release passage 34, and the annular passage 33 before flowing to the second pressure release mechanism 16 and finally being discharged outside the battery 1100. In this way, the exhaust discharge path can be extended, which is advantageous in extending the cooling time of the particulate matter in the exhaust and reducing the risk of the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 being too high.

[0141] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIGS. 12 to 14, end plates 22 are provided at both ends of each row of battery cells 21, and each first sub-pressure relief passage 31 communicates with a second sub-pressure relief passage 34.

[0142] The end plates 22 at both ends of each row of battery cells 21 are inserted into the annular passage 33 and sealed to the side wall of the housing 10, connecting the end plates 22 to the side wall of the housing 10 to form a sealed structure. Thus, exhaust gases discharged from each first sub-pressure relief passage 31 can be discharged to the annular passage 33 via the second sub-pressure relief passage 34. In addition, in the battery module 20, at least some of the end plates 22 located at the same end are connected as a single overall structure by methods such as, but not limited to, bolting, gluing, fastening, riveting, welding, or integral molding, thereby providing a tighter connection between the battery cells 21 in the battery module 20. Here, integral molding refers to manufacturing and forming using an integrated process such as extrusion, injection, or die casting.

[0143] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the battery cells 21, the waste materials emitted by it will flow into the annular passage 33 through the corresponding first sub-pressure release passage 31 and second sub-pressure release passage 34, then flow to the second pressure release mechanism 16 through the annular passage 33, and then be released to the outside of the battery 1100 through the second pressure release mechanism 16, which is advantageous in improving the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0144] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIGS. 12 to 14, the pressure relief passage 30 includes a plurality of second sub-pressure relief passages 34, and the second sub-pressure relief passages 34 are separated from each other by spacer elements 60.

[0145] Regarding the plurality of second sub-pressure relief passages 34, it can be understood that the number of second sub-pressure relief passages 34 includes, but is not limited to, two, three, or four. Two adjacent second sub-pressure relief passages 34 are separated by a spacer element 60, and it can be understood that two adjacent second sub-pressure relief passages 34 do not directly communicate with each other. The spacer element 60 also separates two adjacent first sub-pressure relief passages 31 and two adjacent second sub-pressure relief passages 34, so that the overall structure of the battery 1100 is compact.

[0146] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of multiple second sub-pressure relief passages 34 allows the exhaust in the first sub-pressure relief mechanism to be discharged through the multiple second sub-pressure relief passages 34, which is advantageous for rapid discharge of the exhaust, reduces the risk of pressure accumulation and excessive temperature inside the housing 10, and improves the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0147] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIGS. 12 to 14, the plurality of second sub-pressure release passages 34 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction (X direction) of the first sub-pressure release passage 31.

[0148] As can be understood, the extending direction (X direction) of the first sub-pressure relief mechanism may refer to the arrangement direction (X direction) of the battery cells 21 in one row of the battery cells 21.

[0149] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the battery cells 21 arranged in the extension direction (X direction) of the first sub-pressure release passage 31 can discharge the waste materials released from the battery cells 21 into the annular passage 33 through the corresponding second sub-pressure release passage 34, and finally discharge them to the outside of the housing 10 through the second pressure release mechanism 16, which is advantageous in reducing the risk of pressure accumulation and excessive temperature inside the housing 10 and improving the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0150] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIGS. 12 to 14, the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 are perpendicular to each other.

[0151] The first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 are perpendicular to each other, and as can be seen, the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 are arranged vertically and horizontally. For example, the spacer elements 60 are arranged in an array, with the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 formed between two adjacent rows of spacer elements 60, and the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 formed between two adjacent rows of spacer elements 60.

[0152] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 are regularly distributed, which makes it easy to process and manufacture.

[0153] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 15 to 19, the annular passage 33 is provided with an annular member 70 connected to the housing 10, the annular member 70 is used to divide the annular passage 33 into a first sub-annular passage 331 and a second sub-annular passage 332, the second sub-annular passage 332 is installed surrounding the first sub-annular passage 331, a second breathable structure 71 is opened in the annular member 70 to connect the first sub-annular passage 331 and the second sub-annular passage 332, the second sub-annular passage 332 is connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and the first sub-annular passage 331 is connected to the first sub-pressure relief passage 31.

[0154] The annular member 70 may refer to a ring-shaped part located within the annular passage 33 and extending along the circumferential direction of the annular passage 33, and the annular member 70 is connected to the housing 10, which serves as a mounting base for the annular member 70. The annular member 70 may divide the annular passage 33 into a first sub-annular passage 331 and a second sub-annular passage 332, where the first sub-annular passage 331 is located inside the second sub-annular passage 332, i.e., the second sub-annular passage 332 is arranged surrounding the periphery of the first sub-annular passage 331. The shape of the annular member 70 is adapted to the shape of the annular passage 33, and the shape of the annular member 70 may be various, such as a circle, a triangle, an ellipse, a rectangle, etc.

[0155] The second ventilable structure 71 may refer to a structure that can connect the first sub-annular passage 331 and the second sub-annular passage, and here, the second ventilable structure 71 may be a structure such as a through-hole, a ventilation valve, or a pressure relief valve.

[0156] The second sub-annular passage 332 is connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and the first sub-annular passage 331 is connected to the first sub-pressure relief passage 31. As can be seen, when the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is activated, the exhaust released from the battery cell 21 first enters the first sub-annular passage 331, then enters the second sub-annular passage 332 through the second breathable structure 71, and finally is released to the outside of the housing 10 through the second pressure relief mechanism 16.

[0157] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the exhaust emitted from the battery cell 21 must pass through the first sub-annular passage 331 and the second sub-annular passage 332, which extends the exhaust path of the exhaust, prolongs the cooling time of the particulate matter in the exhaust, and is advantageous in reducing the risk of the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 being too high, thereby improving the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0158] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 18 and 19, the second breathable structure 71 is a through hole.

[0159] The through-hole may refer to a hole structure that penetrates the annular member 70 .

[0160] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the second breathable structure 71 is a through hole, which has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0161] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 16, 18, and 19, the annular member 70 includes at least three side wall portions 72 connected end to end in series, and the side wall portion 72 away from the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is provided with a second breathable structure 71.

[0162] The side wall portion 72 remote from the second pressure relief mechanism 16 may refer to any other side wall portion 72 other than the side wall portion 72 closest to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 .

[0163] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, because the distance between the second ventilated structure 71 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is far, the exhaust that passes through the second ventilated structure 71 needs to travel a certain distance so that it can flow to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 and be discharged from the housing 10. In this way, the discharge path of the exhaust can be extended, the cooling time of the particulate matter in the exhaust is longer, the temperature of the particulate matter leaving the housing is lower, the risk of the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 being too high is reduced, and this is advantageous to improving the usage reliability of the battery 1100.

[0164] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 16, 18, and 19, the side wall portion 72 close to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is a first side wall portion 73, and a second breathable structure 71 is provided on at least one of the side wall portion 72 adjacent to the first side wall portion 73 and the side wall portion 72 opposite the first side wall portion 73.

[0165] The first side wall portion 73 may refer to the side wall portion 72 that is closest to the second pressure release mechanism 16 .

[0166] The side wall 72 adjacent to or opposite the first side wall 73 may be referred to as the side wall 72 remote from the second pressure relief mechanism 16 .

[0167] A second breathable structure 71 is provided on at least one of the side wall portion 72 adjacent to the first side wall portion 73 and the side wall portion 72 opposite the first side wall portion 73, and as can be understood, the second breathable structure 71 is provided on the side wall portion 72 adjacent to the first side wall portion 73, or the second breathable structure 71 is provided on the side wall portion 72 opposite the first side wall portion 73, or the second breathable structure 71 is provided on both the side wall portion 72 adjacent to the first side wall portion 73 and the side wall portion 72 opposite the first side wall portion 73.

[0168] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the second ventilated structure 71 is designed to be away from the second pressure relief mechanism 16, thus extending the exhaust path of the exhaust, which is advantageous in extending the cooling time of the particulate matter in the exhaust and reducing the risk of the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 being too high.

[0169] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIGS. 16, 18 and 19, the second breathable structure 71 is located in the middle of the corresponding side wall portion 72.

[0170] The second breathable structure 71 is located in the middle of the corresponding side wall portion 72 , and as can be seen, the second breathable structure 71 is located at the intermediate position of the corresponding side wall portion 72 .

[0171] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the second breathable structure 71 is located in the middle of the side wall portion 72, and the distance from the battery cells 21 located at both ends to the second breathable structure 71 is not too far. In this way, waste materials emitted from the battery cells 21 located at the ends can also be quickly discharged, which is advantageous to improving the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0172] In another embodiment of the present application, combining Figures 4, 6, and 7, the housing 10 further includes a bottom plate 15, the partition member 50 is supported on the bottom plate 15 via the spacer element 60, the battery module 20 is located above the partition member 50, and the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is located at the bottom of the battery cell 21.

[0173] When the battery 1100 is in use, the bottom plate 15 may refer to the plate member at the bottom of the housing 10, and the partition member 50 is supported on the bottom plate 15 via the spacer element 60, and the partition member 50 supports the partition member 50 via the spacer element 60, and by creating a gap between the partition member 50 and the bottom plate 15, the construction of a first sub-pressure relief passage 31 between the partition member 50 and the bottom plate 15 is facilitated.

[0174] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is located at the bottom of the battery cell 21, and the battery module 20 and the first sub-pressure relief mechanism are separated by the partition member 50. In this way, the waste material released from the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is less likely to come into contact with the electrical components on the top of the battery cell 21, which reduces the risk of damage to the battery cell 21 and is advantageous in improving the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0175] In another embodiment, the first pressure relief mechanism 215 may be located on the side of the battery cell 21, or the first pressure relief mechanism 215 may be located on the top of the battery cell 21, and the partition member 50, the spacer element 60, the first sub-pressure relief passage 31, and the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 may be designed accordingly based on the location of the first pressure relief mechanism 215, which may be specifically designed according to actual needs.

[0176] In another embodiment of the present application, the partition member 50 is a thermal management component, which is used to exchange heat with the battery module 20 .

[0177] The thermal management component may refer to a component that exchanges heat with the battery cell 21, such as a liquid-cooled plate.

[0178] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the partition member 50 is directly a thermal management component, thus no additional components are required, which is advantageous to reducing the number of components of the battery 1100 and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0179] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIG. 8 and FIG. 11 , the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is S, and the length of the shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of at least one battery cell 21 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L;

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[0180] The pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 may refer to the maximum flow area of ​​the discharged material passing through the second pressure relief mechanism 16 when the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is fully open. For example, the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is an explosion-proof plate, and the housing 10 is generally provided with a pressure relief hole 141. The explosion-proof plate covers the pressure relief hole 141. After the explosion-proof plate is completely damaged, if the area of ​​the damaged region of the explosion-proof plate is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief hole 141, the area of ​​the damaged region of the explosion-proof plate is the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16. Alternatively, if the area of ​​the damaged region of the explosion-proof plate is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief hole 141, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief hole 141 is the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16. After the explosion-proof plate and the housing 10 are completely separated, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief hole 141 is the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16. The second pressure relief mechanism 16 is an explosion-proof valve, and the maximum exhaust area in the technical specification of the explosion-proof valve is the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16. If the pressure relief area is not specified in the technical specification of the explosion-proof valve, the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16 may refer to the maximum flow area through which the discharged material flows through the explosion-proof valve when the explosion-proof valve is fully open.

[0181] The length of the shortest discharge path between the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of at least one battery cell 21 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L, and as can be seen, the discharged matter released from the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of the battery cell 21 flows into multiple discharge paths of the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and the length of the shortest discharge path is L.

[0182] Generally, when a battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the smaller the pressure release area S of the battery 1100, the more difficult it is to release pressure in the battery 1100 and the higher the air pressure inside the battery 1100, which increases the speed at which high-temperature particulate matter is ejected outward after thermal runaway, shortens the time it takes for the particulate matter to cool, and increases the risk of the battery 1100 having an excessively high exhaust temperature. The longer the discharge path of the emissions within the housing 10, the longer the time it takes for the particulate matter to cool, and thus the temperature of the particulate matter emitted from the battery 1100 will also be lower, reducing the risk of the battery 1100 having an excessively high exhaust temperature.

[0183] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

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[0184] Referring to FIG. 21 , when the battery 1100 is in use, the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of the battery cell 21 may generally be located on the top, side, or bottom of the battery cell 21. For example, when the first pressure relief mechanism 215 is located on the top of the battery cell 21, the positive electrode terminal 214 a and the negative electrode terminal 214 b of the battery cell 21 may be located on the top of the battery cell 21, on the same side of the battery cell 21, or on opposite sides of the battery cell 21, respectively. When the first pressure release mechanism 215 is located on a side of the battery cell 21, one of the positive electrode terminal 214a and the negative electrode terminal 214b of the battery cell 21 is located on the same side of the battery cell 21 as the first pressure release mechanism 215, and the other is located on the other side of the battery cell 21 opposite the first pressure release mechanism 215. When the first pressure release mechanism 215 is located on the bottom of the battery cell 21, the positive electrode terminal 214a and the negative electrode terminal 214b of the battery cell 21 may be located on the top of the battery cell 21.

[0185] When different types of battery cells 21 are installed in the housing 10, the shortest discharge path for the battery cells 21 will be different. Below, we will explain the shortest path between the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 of the battery cells 21 in conjunction with several specific examples.

[0186] 22 to 24, the housing 10 includes a top cover 13, a framework 14, and a bottom plate 15. The top cover 13 and the bottom plate 15 are respectively provided to cover the upper and lower sides of the framework 14, thereby surrounding and forming a storage space for storing the battery cells 21. The framework 14 is rectangular. The battery module 20 includes a row of battery cells 21. The battery cells 21 in this row are aligned along the length direction (X direction) of the housing 10. The two second pressure relief mechanisms 16 are installed on the front and rear left walls of the framework 14 of the housing 10, and a first pressure relief mechanism 215 is provided at the top of each battery cell 21. A first exhaust passage 101 is formed between the top surface of the battery cell 21 and the top cover 13, and a ring-shaped passage 33 is formed by the peripheral wall of the battery module 20 and the inner peripheral wall of the framework 14. Exhaust released from the first pressure relief mechanism 215 flows into the ring-shaped passage 33 through the first exhaust passage 101 and then moves to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 via the ring-shaped passage 33.

[0187] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the leftmost battery cell 21 is selected as an example for explanation. After the discharge of waste from this battery cell 21 is performed, there are multiple discharge paths. The dotted arrows in FIG. 23 show a schematic diagram of three discharge paths through which the waste from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. After the first pressure release mechanism 215 of this battery cell 21 discharges the waste, the discharge path through which the waste moves left and reaches the second pressure release mechanism 16 located at the front is the first discharge path S, the discharge path through which the waste moves left and reaches the second pressure release mechanism 16 located at the rear is the second discharge path S', and the discharge path through which the waste moves forward and reaches the second pressure release mechanism 16 located at the front is the third discharge path S". The lengths of the second discharge path S' and the third discharge path S" are both greater than the length of the first discharge path S, and here, the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0188] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method: the projection point of the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is a first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is a second projection point, the line connecting the first projection point and the second projection point is a first connection line, the projection line of the periphery of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is a first projection line, the intersection of the first connection line and the first projection line is a first intersection point, the intersection of the first connection line and the left side surface of the battery cell 21 is a second intersection point, the distance between the first intersection point and the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 is L1, the distance between the first intersection point and the second intersection point is L2, and the distance between the second intersection point and the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 is L3, where L = L1 + L2 + L3.

[0189] 25 to 27, in one specific embodiment, the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiment are as follows: there is one second pressure release mechanism 16, the second pressure release mechanism 16 is located on the right wall of the framework 14, a fence member 80 is provided between the top of the battery cells 21 and the top cover 13, the fence member 80 is provided to surround the outside of the first pressure release mechanism 215 of one row of battery cells 21, the fence member 80 is U-shaped, and the fence member 80 opens to the right, and the waste released from the first pressure release mechanism 215 flows along the path surrounded by the fence member 80, through the opening of the fence member 80, into the annular passage 33, and further flows through the annular passage 33 to the second pressure release mechanism 16.

[0190] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the leftmost battery cell 21 is selected as an example for explanation, and there are multiple discharge paths after the discharge of the waste from this battery cell 21, and the dotted arrows in Figure 26 show a schematic diagram of two discharge paths through which the waste from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. The discharge path through which the waste released from the first pressure release mechanism 215 of this battery cell 21 is discharged forward after being discharged from the opening in the fence member 80 is the first discharge path S, and the discharge path through which the waste is discharged backward after being discharged from the opening is the second discharge path S', and the length of the first discharge path S is shorter than the length of the second discharge path S', so the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0191] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method: the projection point of the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the second projection point, the projection line of the periphery of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection line, the intersection line between the left wall surface of the front frame of the fence member 80 and the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the first intersection line, the line connecting the rear end point of the first intersection line and the first projection point is the second connection line, the intersection point of the first projection line and the second connection line is the third intersection point, and the first intersection line. the line connecting the front end point of the first pressure release mechanism 215 and the second projection point is a third connecting line, the intersection of the third connecting line with the right side surface of the rightmost battery cell 21 is a fourth intersection, the distance from the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 to the third intersection is L4, the pitch between the third intersection and the rear end point of the first intersection line is L5, the length of the first intersection line is L6, the pitch between the fourth intersection and the front end point of the first intersection line is L7, and the pitch between the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 and the fourth intersection is L8, where L=L4+L5+L6+L7+L8.

[0192] 28 , in one specific embodiment, the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiment are as follows: the battery module 20 includes two rows of battery cells 21 distributed front and rear, each row of battery cells 21 arranged along the length direction (X direction) of the housing 10, and the two rows of battery cells 21 arranged along the width direction (Y direction) of the housing 10. The two rows of battery cells 21 are divided into four regions, namely, the front left, front right, rear left, and rear right, and one fence element 80 is provided corresponding to each region. A second pressure relief mechanism 16 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the framework 14. An opening is provided in the rear wall of each fence element 80, and a second exhaust passage 102 is formed between two adjacent fence elements 80 at a distance. Exhaust gases emitted by the battery cells 21 due to thermal runaway flow into the second exhaust passage 102 through the opening in the corresponding fence element 80, then into the annular passage 33 via the second exhaust passage 102, and finally to the second pressure relief mechanism 16.

[0193] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the leftmost battery cell 21, which is installed toward the front, is selected as an example for explanation. After the discharge of the waste material from this battery cell 21, there are multiple discharge paths. The dotted arrows in Figure 28 show a schematic diagram of three discharge paths through which the waste material from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. The discharge path along which the discharge material is discharged from the opening of the left front fence member 80 and then discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located further to the left is the first discharge path S, the discharge path along which the discharge material is discharged from the opening of the left front fence member 80 and then discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located further to the right is the second discharge path S', and the discharge path along which the discharge material is discharged from the opening of the left front fence member 80 and then discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located further to the right is the third discharge path S'', and the lengths of the second discharge path S' and the third discharge path S'' are both greater than the length of the first discharge path S, and the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0194] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method: the projection point of the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the second projection point, the projection line of the periphery of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection line, the intersection line between the right wall surface of the left rear frame of the fence member 80 and the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the second intersection line, and the intersection line between the rear wall surface of the left rear frame of the fence member 80 and the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the second intersection line. is the third intersection line, the line connecting the first projection point and the front end point of the second intersection line is the fourth connection line, the intersection point of the fourth connection line and the first projection line is the fifth intersection point, the line connecting the second projection point and the left end point of the third intersection line is the fifth connection line, the intersection point of the fifth connection line and the left side surface of the leftmost battery cell 21 is the sixth intersection point, the distance between the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 and the fifth intersection point is L9, and the distance between the fifth intersection point and the front end point of the second intersection line is L 10 and the length of the second intersection line is L 11 and the length of the third intersection line is L 12 The distance between the sixth intersection point and the left end point of the third intersection line is L 13 and the pitch between the sixth intersection point and the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L 14 where L=L9+L 10 +L 11 +L 12 +L 13 +L 14 is.

[0195] 29, in one specific embodiment, the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiment are as follows: the battery module 20 includes two rows of battery cells 21 distributed front to back, the two rows of battery cells 21 are divided into two left and right regions, each of which is provided with a fence element 80, the openings of the two fence elements 80 being opposite each other, a second pressure relief mechanism 16 being provided on each of the left and right sides of the framework 14, and a second exhaust passage 102 being formed between the two adjacent fence elements 80. Waste gas emitted by the battery cells 21 due to thermal runaway flows into the second exhaust passage 102 through the openings of the corresponding fence elements 80, then further flows into the annular passage 33 via the second exhaust passage 102, and finally reaches the second pressure relief mechanism 16.

[0196] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the leftmost battery cell 21, which is installed toward the front, is selected as an example for explanation. After the discharge of the waste material from this battery cell 21, there are multiple discharge paths. The dotted arrows in Figure 29 show a schematic diagram of three discharge paths through which the waste material from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. The discharge path along which the discharge material is discharged from the opening of the left fence member 80 and then discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located further forward on the left side is the first discharge path S, the discharge path along which the discharge material is discharged from the opening of the left fence member 80 and then discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located further backward on the left side is the second discharge path S', and the discharge path along which the discharge material is discharged from the opening of the left fence member 80 and then discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located further backward on the right side is the third discharge path S'', and the lengths of the second discharge path S' and the third discharge path S'' are both greater than the length of the first discharge path S, and the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0197] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method. The projection point of the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the second projection point, the projection line of the periphery of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection line, the intersection line between the rear wall surface of the right front frame of the fence member 80 and the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the fourth intersection line, and the intersection line between the right wall surface of the right front frame of the fence member 80 and the top surface of the battery cell 21 is the fifth intersection line. the line connecting the first projection point and the left end point of the sixth intersection line is the sixth connection line, the intersection point of the sixth connection line and the first projection line is the seventh intersection point, the line connecting the second projection point and the left end point of the sixth intersection line is the seventh connection line, the intersection point of the seventh connection line and the left side surface of the left-most front battery cell 21 is the eighth intersection point, and the distance between the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 and the seventh intersection point is L 15 The distance between the seventh intersection point and the left end point of the fourth intersection line is L 16 and the length of the fourth intersection line is L 17 and the length of the fifth intersection line is L 18 and the length of the sixth intersection line is L 19 The distance between the eighth intersection point and the left end point of the sixth intersection line is L 20 and the pitch between the eighth intersection point and the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L 21 where L=L 15 +L 16 +L 17 +L 18 +L 19 +L 20 +L 21 is.

[0198] In one specific embodiment, combining Figures 30 to 32, the battery module 20 includes a row of battery cells 21, the battery cells 21 in this row are arranged along the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the housing 10, a first pressure relief mechanism 215 is provided on the front side of each battery cell 21, and two second pressure relief mechanisms 16 are installed front and rear on the left wall of the framework 14, an annular passage 33 is formed between the battery cells 21 in this row and the inner wall of the framework 14, and waste released by the battery cells 21 due to thermal runaway flows to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 through the annular passage 33.

[0199] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the leftmost battery cell 21 is selected as an example for explanation. There are multiple discharge paths after the discharge of waste from this battery cell 21, and the dotted arrows in Figure 31 show a schematic diagram of three discharge paths through which the waste from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. The discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the front left is the first discharge path S, the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the front right is the second discharge path S', and the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the rear left is the third discharge path S'', and the lengths of the second discharge path S' and the third discharge path S'' are both greater than the length of the first discharge path S, and the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0200] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method: the projection point of the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the front side surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 onto the front side surface of the battery cell 21 is the second projection point, the projection line of the periphery of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the front side surface of the battery cell 21 is the first projection line, the line connecting the first projection point and the second projection point is the eighth connection line, the intersection point of the eighth connection line and the first projection line is the ninth intersection point, and the intersection point of the eighth connection line and the left side surface of the battery cell 21 is the tenth intersection point, and the distance between the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 and the ninth intersection point is L 22 and the distance between the eighth and tenth intersections is L 23and the distance between the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 and the tenth intersection point is L 24 where L=L 22 +L 23 +L 24 is.

[0201] 33 to 35, the battery module 20 includes a row of battery cells 21, the row of battery cells 21 are arranged along the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the housing 10, a first pressure relief mechanism 215 is provided at the bottom of each battery cell 21, two second pressure relief mechanisms 16 are provided on the left wall of the framework 14, one in front and one in back, a ring-shaped passage 33 is formed between the battery module 20 and the inner wall of the framework 14, and the ring-shaped passage 33 also extends to the space between the dividing member and the inner wall of the framework 14, the battery cells 21 are supported on the bottom plate 15 via the partition member 50, and a first sub-pressure relief passage 31 is formed between the partition member 50 and the bottom plate 15, a plurality of first breathable structures 51 are opened in the partition member 50, and the plurality of first breathable structures 51 are respectively connected to the first pressure relief mechanisms 215 of each battery cell 21 in a one-to-one correspondence. The waste discharged from the battery cell 21 due to thermal runaway flows to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 through the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the annular passage 33, where the first breathable structure 51 is a through-hole and the partition member 50 is a liquid-cooled plate.

[0202] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the leftmost battery cell 21 is selected as an example for explanation. There are multiple discharge paths after the discharge of waste from this battery cell 21, and the dotted arrows in Figure 34 show a schematic diagram of three discharge paths through which the waste from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. The discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the rear left is the first discharge path S, the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the rear right is the second discharge path S', and the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the front left is the third discharge path S'', and the lengths of the second discharge path S' and the third discharge path S'' are both greater than the length of the first discharge path S, and the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0203] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method. The projection point of the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is the first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is the second projection point, the projection line of the periphery of the first pressure release mechanism 215 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is the first projection line, the line connecting the first projection point and the second projection point is the ninth connecting line, the eleventh intersection point between the ninth connecting line and the first projection line, and the intersection point between the ninth connecting line and the left wall surface of the partition member 50 is the twelfth intersection point, and the pitch between the center of the first pressure release mechanism 215 and the eleventh intersection point is L. 25 and the distance between the eleventh and twelfth intersections is L 26 and the distance between the twelfth intersection point and the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L 27 where L=L 25 +L 26 +L 27 is.

[0204] 8 and 11, the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiment are as follows: the battery module 20 includes two rows of battery cells 21, which are arranged along the width direction (Y direction) of the housing 10, and each row of battery cells 21 is connected to an end plate 22 at both ends thereof; two second pressure relief mechanisms 16 are provided on the right wall of the framework 14, which are distributed front and rear; and the centers of the first pressure relief mechanisms 215 of the two rows of battery cells 21 respectively overlap with the projection of the centers of the corresponding second pressure relief mechanisms 16 of the battery cells 21 in the width direction (X direction); The first ventilated structure 51 is supported on the partition member 50, which is supported on the bottom plate 15 via spacer elements 60. The number of spacer elements 60 is three, and the three spacer elements 60 are arranged in a surrounding manner to form two first sub-pressure relief passages 31 extending along the width direction (Y direction) of the housing 10. The two first sub-pressure relief passages 31 are connected to the first pressure relief mechanisms 215 of the two rows of battery cells 21, respectively, and each row of battery cells 21 is connected to a corresponding first sub-pressure relief passage 31. Waste released by the battery cells 21 due to thermal runaway flows to the second pressure relief mechanism 16 via the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 and the annular passage 33. In some embodiments, the first ventilated structure 51 is a through-hole, and the partition member 50 is a liquid-cooled plate.

[0205] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the rightmost battery cell 21, which is installed closer to the front, is selected as an example for explanation. There are multiple discharge paths after the discharge of waste from this battery cell 21, and the dotted arrows in Figures 8 and 11 show schematic diagrams of three discharge paths through which the waste from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. The discharge path through which the waste from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the front right is the first discharge path S, the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the rear right is the second discharge path S', and the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located on the front left is the third discharge path S", and the lengths of the second discharge path S' and the third discharge path S" are all greater than the length of the first discharge path S, and the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0206] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method. The projection point of the center of the first pressure relief mechanism 215 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is the first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is the second projection point, the projection line of the periphery of the first breathable structure 51 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is the first projection line, the line connecting the first projection point and the second projection point is the tenth connecting line, the intersection of the tenth connecting line and the first projection line is the thirteenth intersection point, the intersection of the right side wall of the partition member 50 and the tenth connecting line is the fourteenth intersection point, the intersection of the plane passing through the tenth connecting line and perpendicular to the bottom surface of the partition member 50 with the lower edge line of the right wall surface of the right end plate 22 is the fifteenth intersection point, and the distance between the center of the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the thirteenth intersection point is L 28 and the distance between the thirteenth and fourteenth intersections is L 29 and the distance between the fourteenth and fifteenth intersections is L 30 and the distance between the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 and the fifteenth intersection point is L 31 where L=L 28 +L 29 +L 30 +L 31 is.

[0207] 12 to 14, in one specific embodiment, the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiment are as follows: the end plate 22 of the battery module 20 protrudes into the annular passage 33 and forms a seal with the bottom plate 15, the number of spacer elements 60 is twelve, and the twelve spacer elements 60 are arranged in an array and surrounded to form two first sub-pressure discharge passages 31 and three second sub-pressure discharge passages 34, the first sub-pressure discharge passage 31 extends along the width direction (Y direction) of the housing 10, the two first sub-pressure discharge passages 31 are spaced apart along the width direction (Y direction) of the housing 10, the second sub-pressure discharge passage 34 extends along the width direction (Y direction) of the housing 10, and the three second sub-pressure discharge passages 34 are spaced apart along the length direction (X direction) of the housing 10. The waste matter released from the battery cells 21 cannot pass through the end plate 22 to the right and enter the annular passage 33, but must flow along the first sub-pressure relief passage 31 into the second sub-pressure relief passage 34, and then enter the annular passage 33 via the second sub-pressure relief passage 34, and finally flow to the second pressure relief mechanism 16.

[0208] For ease of explanation, the discharge path of the rightmost battery cell 21, which is installed closer to the front, is selected as an example for explanation. There are multiple discharge paths after the discharge of waste from this battery cell 21, and the dotted arrows in Figure 13 show a schematic diagram of three discharge paths through which the waste from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 via the first pressure release mechanism 215. The discharge path through which the waste released from this battery cell 21 is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located forward is the first discharge path S, the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located rearward is the second discharge path S', and the discharge path through which the waste is discharged to the second pressure release mechanism 16 located rearward is the third discharge path S", the lengths of the second discharge path S' and the third discharge path S" are all greater than the length of the first discharge path S, and the first discharge path S may be the shortest discharge path.

[0209] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method: the projection point of the center of the first pressure relief mechanism 215 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is a first projection point, the projection point of the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 onto the front wall surface of the rightmost front spacer element 60 is a second projection point, the projection line of the periphery of the first breathable structure 51 onto the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is a first projection line, and the intersection line of the left wall surface of the rightmost front spacer element 60 and the bottom surface of the partition member 50 is The seventh intersection line is the seventh line, the line connecting the rear end point of the seventh intersection line and the first projection point is the eleventh connection line, the intersection point of the eleventh connection line and the first projection line is the sixteenth intersection point, the line connecting the front end point of the seventh intersection line and the second projection point is the twelfth connection line, the intersection point of the right wall surface of the right end plate 22 and the twelfth connection line is the seventeenth intersection point, and the distance between the center of the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the sixteenth intersection point is L 32 The pitch between the sixteenth intersection point and the rear end point of the seventh intersection line is L 33 and the length of the seventh intersection line is L 34 The distance between the front end point of the seventh intersection line and the seventeenth intersection line is L 35 and the distance between the seventeenth intersection point and the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L 36 where L=L 32 +L 33 +L 34 +L 35 +L 36 is.

[0210] 15, 16, or 20, the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiments are as follows: an annular member 70 is provided within the annular passage 33, and the annular member 70 divides the annular passage 33 into a first sub-annular passage 331 and a second sub-annular passage 332. A second ventilating structure 71 is provided in the center of the front and rear walls of the annular member 70, and the second ventilating structure 71 can connect the first sub-annular passage 331 and the second sub-annular passage 332. The second ventilating structure 71 is a through-hole. In this way, waste gas released from the battery cells 21 is discharged through the second sub-pressure relief passage 34, enters the first sub-annular passage 331, and then flows through the second ventilating structure 71 into the second sub-pressure relief passage 34, and finally flows along the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 to the second pressure relief mechanism 16. Referring to these figures, the first discharge path S extends from the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 and enters the first sub-annular passage 331, so that the discharge flows through the second breathable structure 71 into the second sub-pressure relief passage 34 and finally to the second pressure relief mechanism 16.

[0211] The length L of the first discharge path S can be measured by the following method. The projection point of the center of the second pressure release mechanism 16 onto the front wall surface of the front side wall portion 72 of the annular member 70 is the second projection point, the projection point of the center of the first breathable structure 51 onto the front wall surface of the front side wall portion 72 of the annular member 70 is the third projection point, the line connecting the second projection point and the third projection point is the thirteenth connecting line, the intersection point of the thirteenth connecting line with the right wall surface of the right side wall portion 72 of the annular member 70 is the eighteenth intersection point, and the distance between the front end point of the seventh intersection line and the third projection point is L. 37 and the distance between the third projection point and the eighteenth intersection point is L 38 and the distance between the eighteenth intersection point and the center of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L 39 where L=L 32 +L 33 +L 34 +L 37 +L 38 +L 39 is.

[0212] In another embodiment of the present application, combining FIG. 8 and FIG. 11 , the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is S, and the length of the shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of any one battery cell 21 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is L;

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[0213] As can be understood, the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of any one battery cell 21 refers to the first pressure relief mechanism 215 of each battery cell 21, that is, the shortest discharge path between the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 of each battery cell 21 satisfies the above equation.

[0214] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the shortest discharge path L of each battery cell 21 and the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 are both within a reasonable design range, further improving the reliability of use of the battery 1100.

[0215] In another embodiment of the present application,

number

[0216] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

number

number

[0217] In one embodiment,

number

[0218] In another embodiment of the present application,

number

[0219] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the length L of the shortest exhaust path is within this range, and the design of the shortest exhaust path is not too short, which shortens the cooling time of the particulate matter, and the high temperature of the particulate matter exhausted from the battery 1100 is likely to cause deterioration of the external environment of the battery 1100. The design of the shortest exhaust path is not too long, which lengthens the exhaust time, which prevents timely pressure relief, and causes serious damage to the housing 10.

[0220] In some embodiments, the value of L may be, but is not limited to, 0.5 dm, 1 dm, 3 dm, 5 dm, 7 dm, 9 dm, 11 dm, 13 dm, 15 dm, 17 dm, 19 dm, 21 dm, 23 dm, 25 dm, 27 dm, or 29 dm.

[0221] Table 1 below shows the parameters of the length L of the shortest discharge path, the parameters of the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and the experimental results used in several experiments. The specific methods used in these experiments are those described in GB 38031-2020, and will not be described here.

[0222] [Table 1]

[0223] As can be seen from the table above,

number

number

number

number

[0224] In the battery 1100 of the embodiment of the present application, by rationally designing the pressure release area of ​​the second pressure release mechanism 16 and the length of the shortest discharge path for the exhaust, the risk of the exhaust temperature becoming too high due to high-temperature particulate matter in the exhaust being ejected from the battery 1100 can be reduced, and the risk of the battery 1100 expanding significantly and even exploding due to insufficient pressure release area preventing timely pressure release can be reduced.

[0225] In another embodiment of the present application, the volumetric energy density of the battery 1100 is E, the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is S,

number

[0226] The volumetric energy density of the battery 1100 may refer to the energy contained within the cell volume of the battery 1100, and during actual use, the volumetric energy density of the battery 1100 can be read directly from the nameplate of the battery 1100.

[0227] Generally, as the volumetric energy density of the battery 1100 increases, the thermal runaway of the battery 1100 becomes more severe, and the discharge of exhaust by the battery cells 21 becomes more intense, which causes the discharged exhaust with higher temperature and faster velocity to rush along the first discharge passage 30 to the second discharge mechanism 16, increasing the risk of the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 becoming too high.

[0228] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

number

number

number

[0229] In another embodiment of the present application,

number

[0230] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 and the volumetric energy density E of the battery 1100 are more reasonably designed, the risk of the exhaust temperature of the battery 1100 being too high is reduced, and the use reliability of the battery 1100 is higher.

number

[0231] In one embodiment,

number

[0232] Table 2 below shows the parameters of the volumetric energy density E of the battery 1100, the parameters of the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and the experimental results used in several experiments. The specific methods used in these experiments are those described in GB 38031-2020, and will not be described here.

[0233] [Table 2]

[0234] As can be seen from the table above,

number

number

number

number

[0235] In another embodiment of the present application, the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is S, the volumetric energy density of the battery 1100 is E, the length of the shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 of the at least one battery cell 21 is L,

number

[0236] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment,

number

number

number

number

number

[0237] In another embodiment of the present application, the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is S, the volumetric energy density of the battery 1100 is E, and the length of the shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism 215 and the second pressure relief mechanism 16 of any one battery cell 21 is L;

number

number

[0238] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the shortest discharge path L of each battery cell 21, the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16, and the volumetric energy density E of the battery cell 21 are all within a reasonable design range, which can further improve the usage reliability of the battery 1100.

[0239] In another embodiment of the present application,

number

[0240] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the shortest discharge path L of the battery cell 21, the pressure release area S of the second pressure release mechanism 16, and the volumetric energy density E of the battery cell 21 are all within a more reasonable design range, which can further improve the usage reliability of the battery 1100.

number

number

[0241] In some embodiments,

number

[0242] In another embodiment of the present application,

number

[0243] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the volumetric energy density E of most batteries 1100 falls within the above range, so the above formula is applicable to most batteries 1100 and has a wide range of application.

[0244] In one embodiment, the value of E may be, but is not limited to, 400 Wh / L, 450 Wh / L, 500 Wh / L, 550 Wh / L, 600 Wh / L, 650 Wh / L, 700 Wh / L, 750 Wh / L, or 800 Wh / L.

[0245] In another embodiment of the present application,

number

[0246] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the pressure release area S of the second pressure release mechanism 16 is within the above range, which reduces the risk of serious damage to the casing 10 and excessive temperature, and is advantageous to improving the usage reliability of the battery 1100. If the pressure release area S of the second pressure release mechanism 16 is designed to be too small, poor exhaust will occur, making it impossible to release pressure in a timely manner, and is likely to cause serious damage to the casing 10. If the pressure release area S of the second pressure release mechanism 16 is designed to be too large, oxygen gas in the air outside the battery 1100 will flow back into the casing 10 and come into contact with the high-temperature exhaust within the casing 10, reducing the risk of excessive temperature of the battery 1100 and improving the usage reliability of the battery 1100.

[0247] In another embodiment of the present application,

number

[0248] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16 is more reasonable, which can further reduce the risk of serious damage to the housing 10 and the temperature of the battery 1100 becoming too high, and is beneficial to improving the usage reliability of the battery 1100.

[0249] In one embodiment, the value of S is 0.1 dm 2 , 0.2dm 2 , 0.4dm 2 , 0.6dm 2, 0.8dm 2 , 1dm 2 , 1.2dm 2 , 1.4dm 2 , 1.6dm 2 , 1.8dm 2 or 2dm 2 It may be, but is not limited to these.

[0250] Table 3 below shows the parameters of the volumetric energy density E of the battery 1100, the parameters of the pressure relief area S of the second pressure relief mechanism 16, the shortest discharge path L of the battery cell 21, and the experimental results used in several experiments. The specific methods used in these experiments are those described in GB 38031-2020, and will not be described here.

[0251] [Table 3]

[0252] As can be seen from the table above,

number

number

number

number

[0253] Another embodiment of the present application further provides a power consuming device including the battery 1100 of the above embodiment.

[0254] The above description of each embodiment tends to highlight the differences between each embodiment, and the same or similar parts may be referenced to each other and will not be further described herein for the sake of brevity.

[0255] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should fall within the protection scope of the present application. [Explanation of symbols]

[0256] 1000 vehicle, 1100 battery, 1200 controller, 1300 motor, 10 housing, 11 first part, 12 second part, 13 top cover, 14 framework, 15 bottom plate, 16 second pressure relief mechanism, 141 pressure relief hole, 101 first exhaust passage, 102 second exhaust passage, 20 battery module, 21 battery cell, 211 case, 212 end cap, 213 electrode assembly, 214 electrode terminal, 214a positive electrode terminal, 214b negative electrode terminal, 215 first pressure relief mechanism, 22 end plate, 30 pressure relief passage, 31 first sub-pressure relief passage, 32 communication passage, 33 annular passage, 34 second sub-pressure relief passage, 331 first sub-annular passage, 332 second sub-annular passage, 50 partition member, 51 First breathable structure, 60 spacer element, 70 annular member, 71 second breathable structure, 72 side wall portion, 73 first side wall portion, 80 fence member.

Claims

1. A battery, The housing and a battery module located within the housing, the battery module including at least one battery cell, each battery cell being provided with a first pressure relief mechanism, and the housing having a second pressure relief mechanism; a pressure release passage connecting the first pressure release mechanism and the second pressure release mechanism of at least one of the battery cells, the first pressure release mechanism being used to release waste generated inside the battery cell to the pressure release passage when activated, the pressure release passage being used to guide the waste to move toward the second pressure release mechanism, and the second pressure release mechanism being used to release the waste in the pressure release passage to the outside of the housing when activated.

2. a pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S; a length of a shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of at least one of the battery cells is L; [Equation 1] where S has the unit dm ２ 2. The battery of claim 1, wherein L is in dm.

3. a pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, a length of a shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of any one of the battery cells is L, [Equation 2] where S has the unit dm ２ 3. The battery according to claim 1, wherein L is in dm. [Request Item 4] [Number 3] 4. The battery according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: [Request Item 5] [Number 4] The battery according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein

6. The volumetric energy density of the battery is E, the pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, and [Equation 5] where E has the unit Wh / L and S has the unit dm ２ The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, [Request Item 7] [Number 6] 7. The battery of claim 6, wherein:

8. a pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, a volumetric energy density of the battery is E, and a length of a shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of at least one of the battery cells is L; [Equation 7] where E has the unit Wh / L and S has the unit dm ２ The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein L is in dm.

9. a pressure relief area of ​​the second pressure relief mechanism is S, a volumetric energy density of the battery is E, a length of a shortest discharge path formed between the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief mechanism of any one of the battery cells is L, [Equation 8] where E has units of Wh / L and S has units of [Equation 9] The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein L is in dm. [Request Item 10] [Number 10] 10. The battery according to claim 8 or 9, 【Request Item 11】 【Number 11】 The battery according to any one of claims 8 to 10, 【Request Item 12】 【Number 12】 The battery according to any one of claims 2 to 11, 【Request Item 13】 【Number 13】 13. The battery of claim 12, wherein:

14. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the pressure release passage further includes a first sub-pressure release passage for connecting to the second pressure release mechanism, and the battery further includes a partition member used to separate the battery module and the first sub-pressure release passage, and the partition member is provided with a plurality of first breathable structures, and each of the first breathable structures connects the first pressure release mechanism of at least one of the battery cells to the first sub-pressure release passage.

15. 15. The battery of claim 14, wherein the pressure relief passage includes at least two of the first sub-pressure relief passages, each of which is connected to the first ventable structure corresponding to a different battery cell, and the first sub-pressure relief passages are separated by a spacer element.

16. The battery of claim 15, wherein the pressure release passage further includes a communicating passage, the communicating passage being surrounded by the wall surface of the partition member and the inner wall surface of the housing, and each of the first sub-pressure release passages is connected to the second pressure release mechanism via the communicating passage.

17. 17. The battery of claim 16, wherein the battery module includes at least one row of the battery cells, each row of the battery cells including at least one of the battery cells, and at least one first sub-pressure release passage is provided corresponding to the battery cells in each row, each first sub-pressure release passage extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in a corresponding row, and each first ventilable structure corresponding to the battery cells in each row is connected to the corresponding first sub-pressure release passage.

18. The battery according to claim 17 , wherein the second pressure release mechanism is located on a side of an end of the battery module along an extension direction of the first sub-pressure release passage.

19. The battery according to claim 18 , wherein the communication passage is an annular passage, and the annular passage is disposed so as to surround the partition member.

20. end plates are provided at both ends of at least one row of the battery cells, the end plates are inserted into the annular passage and are connected to the inner wall surface of the housing in a sealing manner; 20. The battery of claim 19, wherein the pressure relief passage further includes a second sub-pressure relief passage, the second sub-pressure relief passage intersecting the first sub-pressure relief passage, and the second sub-pressure relief passage is used to connect the corresponding first sub-pressure relief passage to the annular passage.

21. 21. The battery according to claim 20, wherein the end plates are provided at both ends of the battery cells in each row, and each of the first sub-pressure release passages communicates with the second sub-pressure release passage.

22. 22. The battery according to claim 20, wherein the pressure relief passage includes a plurality of the second sub-pressure relief passages, and the second sub-pressure relief passages are separated by the spacer elements.

23. The battery according to claim 22 , wherein the second sub-pressure release passages are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first sub-pressure release passage.

24. The battery according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein the first sub-pressure relief passage and the second sub-pressure relief passage are perpendicular to each other.

25. 25. The battery according to claim 18, wherein the annular passage is provided with an annular member connected to the housing, the annular member being used to divide the annular passage into a first sub-annular passage and a second sub-annular passage, the second sub-annular passage being disposed to surround the first sub-annular passage, the annular member being provided with a second ventilating structure for communicating the first sub-annular passage with the second sub-annular passage, the second sub-annular passage being connected to the second pressure release mechanism, and the first sub-annular passage being in communication with the first sub-pressure release passage.

26. 26. The battery of claim 25, wherein the second ventable structure is a through hole.

27. 27. The battery of claim 25 or 26, wherein the annular member includes at least three side wall portions connected end to end, and the second ventilable structure is provided on the side wall portion farthest from the second pressure relief mechanism.

28. 28. The battery of claim 27, wherein the side wall portion closer to the second pressure relief mechanism is a first side wall portion, and the second breathable structure is provided on at least one of the side wall portion adjacent to the first side wall portion and the side wall portion opposite the first side wall portion.

29. 30. The battery of claim 28, wherein the second ventable structure is located in a central portion of the corresponding sidewall portion.

30. The battery of any one of claims 15 to 29, wherein the housing further includes a bottom plate, the partition member is supported on the bottom plate via the spacer element, the battery module is located above the partition member, and the first pressure release mechanism is located at the bottom of the battery cell.

31. 31. The battery of claim 30, wherein the partition member is a thermal management component, and the thermal management component is used to exchange heat with the battery module.

32. A power consuming device comprising a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 31.

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