Method and user equipment

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for network energy saving (NES). In one solution, a terminal device receives from a network device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device. The potential update causes transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions and physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements. The terminal device obtains information about the first mode based on measurements on resources in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing. The terminal device transmits information about at least the first mode to the network device.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of communications technologies, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for network energy saving (NES). [Background technology]

[0002] Reducing energy consumption in mobile networks, especially in the radio access network (RAN), which accounts for a large portion of the overall network energy consumption, has attracted considerable attention. Accordingly, network energy conservation strategies for the fifth-generation (5G) communication system have been proposed. Research on network energy conservation aims to identify transmit and / or receive adaptation techniques in the time, frequency, spatial, and power domains. Techniques in the spatial and power domains primarily aim to reduce the power consumption of the transceiver (TRX) chain and power amplifier (PA) by shutting down or increasing spatial elements, reducing transmit power / power spectral density, or improving PA efficiency. Adaptation of spatial elements and power offset values ​​is necessary to conserve network energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Generally, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, apparatus, and computer storage medium for energy conservation in a network.

[0004] In a first aspect, a terminal device is provided that includes a processor, the processor being configured to cause the terminal device to: receive from the network device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions and physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; obtain information regarding the first mode based on measurements on the resources in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing; and transmit the information regarding at least the first mode to the network device.

[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a network device comprising a processor, the processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit to a terminal device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions and physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; and receive from the terminal device information regarding the first mode, the information being obtained based on measurements of resources in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing.

[0006] In a third aspect, a terminal device is provided that includes a processor, the processor being configured to cause the terminal device to: receive from a network device a second indication of settings associated with resources used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; determine whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resources, the updated characteristics causing the terminal device to perform transmissions in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; apply the settings at a second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and apply the settings at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have been updated.

[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a network device comprising a processor, the processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit to a terminal device a second indication of settings associated with resources used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; determine whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resources, the updated characteristics causing the network device to perform transmissions in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; apply the settings at a second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and apply the settings at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have been updated.

[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device, the method including: receiving from the network device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions and physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; obtaining information related to the first mode based on measurements on the resources in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing; and transmitting the information related to at least the first mode to the network device.

[0009] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device, the method including: transmitting to a terminal device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions and physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; and receiving from the terminal device information related to the first mode, the information obtained based on measurements of the resources in the second mode and the potential update to be applied at a first application timing.

[0010] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a communications method performed by a terminal device, the method including: receiving from a network device a second indication of a configuration associated with resources used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; determining whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period of time, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resources, the updated characteristics causing transmissions to be performed in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; applying the configuration at a second application timing in accordance with the determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and applying the configuration at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing in accordance with the determination that the characteristics have been updated.

[0011] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device, the method including: transmitting to a terminal device a second indication of a configuration associated with resources used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; determining whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resources, the updated characteristics causing transmissions to be performed in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; applying the configuration at a second application timing in accordance with the determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and applying the configuration at a third application timing later than the second application timing in accordance with the determination that the characteristics have been updated.

[0012] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to implement a method according to the fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth aspect.

[0013] Other features of the present disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from a more detailed description of some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings.

[0015] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary communication environment in which exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

[0016] [Figure 2] 1 illustrates a signaling flow for measurement and reporting of an NES according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] [Figure 3] 1 shows a schematic diagram of timing associated with a first instruction according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] [Figure 4] 1 shows a schematic diagram of an accumulation mode for applying potential updates according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] [Figure 5] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example scenario of beam management and reporting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] [Figure 6A] 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example scenario of CMR and IMR according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] [Figure 6B] 1 shows a schematic diagram of another example scenario of CMR and IMR according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] [Figure 7A] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example scenario of beam obstruction detection according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] [Figure 7B]1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example scenario of candidate beam selection according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] [Figure 8] 1 illustrates a signaling flow for application of associated settings according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] [Figure 9] 1 shows a schematic diagram of application of association settings according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] [Figure 10] 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented in a terminal device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] [Figure 11] 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented in a network device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] [Figure 12] 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented in a terminal device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] [Figure 13] 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented in a network device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] [Figure 14] FIG. 1 shows a simplified block diagram of an apparatus suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numbers represent the same or similar elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The principles of the present disclosure will be described with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are set forth for illustrative purposes only to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and practicing the present disclosure, and are not intended to imply any limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments described herein can be embodied in various ways other than those described below.

[0033] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0034] In this disclosure, the term "terminal device" refers to any device with wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of terminal devices include user equipment (UE), personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, in-vehicle devices for V2X communications where X represents pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB), spacecraft or air vehicles in a Non-terrestrial network (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) including Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs), Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), and other technologies. This includes, but is not limited to, extended reality (XR) devices, which include different types of reality such as real-world reality (VR), virtual reality (VR), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, i.e., aircraft without a human pilot, devices on high-speed trains (HST), image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, and gaming devices, music storage and playback devices, and internet appliances that enable wireless or wired internet access and browsing.The "terminal device" may also have "multicast / broadcast" capabilities and support public safety and mission-critical, V2X applications, transparent IPV4 / IPV6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, wireless services, over-the-air software delivery, group communication, and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or more Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs), known as multi-SIMs. The term "terminal device" may be used interchangeably with UE, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile terminal, user terminal, or wireless device.

[0035] The term "network device" refers to a device capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage area over which terminal devices can communicate. Examples of network devices include, but are not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB), an evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a remote radio unit (RRU), a radio head (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), a low-power node such as an IAB node, a femto node, a pico node, and a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS).

[0036] A terminal device or network device may have artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning capabilities, which typically include models trained from a large amount of collected data for a specific function and can be used to predict some information.

[0037] The terminal device or network device may operate in multiple frequency ranges, such as FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz), FR2 (e.g., 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), frequency bands greater than 100 GHz, and terahertz (THz). It can also operate in licensed, unlicensed, and shared spectrum. The terminal device may have multiple connections with network devices in Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenarios. The terminal device or network device can operate in full duplex, flexible duplex, and cross division duplex modes.

[0038] Embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in test equipment, such as a signal generator, a signal analyzer, a spectrum analyzer, a network analyzer, a test terminal equipment, a test network equipment, or a channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal equipment may be connected to a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs). In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is an eNB and the second RAT device is a gNB. Information related to the different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device and the second network device. In some embodiments, the first information may be transmitted from the first network device to the terminal device, and the second information may be transmitted from the second network device to the terminal device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information regarding the configuration of the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device, and information regarding the reconfiguration of the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device directly from the second network device or via the first network device.

[0039] In this disclosure, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural. The term "comprises" and variations thereof are interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to." The term "based on" is interpreted as "based at least in part on." The terms "one embodiment" and "embodiment" are interpreted as "at least one embodiment." The term "another embodiment" is interpreted as "at least one other embodiment." Terms such as "first," "second," etc. may refer to different objects or the same object. The following content may include other definitions, both explicit and implicit.

[0040] In some instances, values, procedures, or devices are referred to as "optimal," "lowest," "highest," "minimum," "maximum," etc. It is understood that such descriptions are intended to indicate choices among multiple functional alternatives used, and that such choices are not necessarily better, smaller, higher, or more preferred than other choices.

[0041] As used herein, the terms "resource," "transmission resource," "uplink resource," or "downlink resource" may refer to any resource for performing communication, such as a time domain resource, a frequency domain resource, a space domain resource, a code domain resource, or any other resource that enables communication. Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the terms "resource," "beam," and "reference signal (RS)" may be used interchangeably.

[0042] The terms "power" and "energy" include, but are not limited to, transmit power (Tx), energy per resource element (EPRE), effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), received power (Rx), reference signal received power (RSRP), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), etc. These terms may be used interchangeably.

[0043] The term "power backoff" may refer to a power offset compared to a reference power. Power backoff may also be referred to as a power offset, power reduction, etc. The term "power backoff" may also refer to a power offset in a first mode (e.g., NES mode) compared to a reference power in a second mode (e.g., reference mode). In some embodiments, "Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) power backoff" or "PDSCH power backoff" compared to an associated Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) is used. As an example, the PDSCH power backoff may be equal to the PDSCH power in the second mode minus the PDSCH power in the first mode. As another example, the PDSCH power backoff may be equal to the PDSCH power in the second mode minus the CSI-RS power in the second mode minus the PDSCH power in the first mode. As yet another example, the PDSCH power backoff may be equal to (CSI-RS power in the second mode minus PDSCH power in the second mode) plus (PDSCH power in the second mode minus PDSCH power in the first mode). The absolute value of the PDSCH power backoff ranges from 0 dB (e.g., no backoff) to X dB (X is positive), for example, 18 dB. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, the PDSCH power may be equal to the CSI-RS power minus the power backoff value. Alternatively, the PDSCH power may be equal to the CSI-RS power minus the PDSCH power backoff value between the PDSCH power in the first mode and the PDSCH power in the second mode, further subtracted from the power backoff value between the CSI-RS and the PDSCH.

[0044] Note that when the term "ratio of PDSCH EPRE to CSI-RS EPRE" is used, the PDSCH EPRE may be equal to the CSI-RS EPRE plus the ratio of PDSCH EPRE to CSI-RS EPRE. In particular, this ratio may be a negative value. When the term "ratio of PDSCH EPRE in the first mode to CSI-RS EPRE in the second mode" is used, the PDSCH EPRE in the second mode may be equal to the CSI-RS EPRE in the second mode plus this ratio. When the terms "first ratio of PDSCH EPRE in the second mode to CSI-RS EPRE in the second mode and second ratio of PDSCH EPRE in the first mode to PDSCH EPRE in the second mode" are used, the PDSCH EPRE in the second mode is equal to the CSI-RS EPRE in the second mode plus the first and second ratios.

[0045] In some embodiments, the PDSCH power backoff does not affect the UE's assumption of PDSCH reception, but may affect CSI calculation. In some cases, the PDSCH power backoff value is referred to as the "assumption value," and the CSI calculated based on this assumption value is referred to as the "assumption CSI." The actual PDSCH transmission may be performed at a power different from the CSI-RS power minus the power backoff value. It should be noted, however, that the power backoff for the PDSCH is merely an example, and does not preclude power backoff for other signals or channels, including the CSI-RS and the synchronization signal physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB). The term "spatial element" includes, but is not limited to, antenna ports, transceiver units (TXRUs), radio frequency (RF) chains, transceiver chains, etc.

[0046] The term "spatial element" includes, but is not limited to, an antenna port, a transceiver unit (TXRU), a radio frequency (RF) chain, a transceiver chain, and the like.

[0047] The term "beam indication" includes, but is not limited to, a transmission configuration indicator (TCI), a TCI status, an uplink (UL) TCI status, a downlink (DL) TCI status, an aggregate TCI status, a spatial relationship, spatial relationship information, etc.

[0048] The term "beam measurement" includes, but is not limited to, (L1-)RSRP measurement and / or (L1-)Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) measurement. The term "beam report" includes, but is not limited to, (L1-)RSRP report and / or (L1-)SINR report.

[0049] The term "CSI" includes, but is not limited to, a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), a SS / PBCH Block Resource indicator (SSBRI), a layer indicator (LI), a rank indication (RI), a L1-RSRP, a L1-SINR, or a feature [set] index.

[0050] The principles and embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Example communication environment

[0051] 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary communication environment 100 in which exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. In the communication environment 100, multiple communication devices, including terminal devices 110 and network devices 120, may communicate with each other.

[0052] 1, terminal device 110 may be a UE, and network device 120 may be a base station serving the UE. The service area of ​​network device 120 may be referred to as cell 102. In this specification, the terms "terminal device" and "UE" may be used interchangeably, and the terms "network device," "base station," and "network (NW)" may also be used interchangeably.

[0053] 1 are shown for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implement exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. While not shown, it will be understood that one or more additional devices may be located within cell 102 and one or more additional cells may be deployed within communication environment 100.

[0054] In some exemplary embodiments, the link from network device 120 to terminal device 110 is referred to as DL, and the link from terminal device 110 to network device 120 is referred to as UL. In DL, network device 120 is the TX device (or transmitter) and terminal device 110 is the RX device (or receiver). In UL, terminal device 110 is the TX device (or transmitter) and network device 120 is the RX device (or receiver).

[0055] Communications in communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standard, including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), New Radio (NR), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN), Machine Type Communication (MTC), etc. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in accordance with any currently known or future-developed generation of communication protocols. Examples of communication protocols include, but are not limited to, first generation (1G), second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or sixth generation (6G) networks.

[0056] The network device 120 may operate in an NES mode, also referred to as a first mode. In the NES mode, some of the hardware components of the network device 120 may be turned off or kept in a sleep state to achieve energy savings. As a result, transmissions may be temporarily reduced compared to a non-NES mode (also referred to as a second mode) until the NES mode is released. The transmissions include, but are not limited to, RS transmissions and physical channel transmissions. The RS transmissions may include transmissions of any suitable RS from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110, such as a CSI-RS, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a broadcast signal (e.g., a synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal), etc. The physical channel transmissions may include transmissions of any suitable physical channel from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110, such as a PDSCH, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), etc. Some embodiments are described below with respect to the CSI-RS and the PDSCH as examples. However, it should be understood that the concepts of the present disclosure are applicable to other reference signals and physical channels.

[0057] The NES mode can have different power states, such as a deep sleep power state, a light sleep power state, a micro sleep power state, an active DL power state, and an active UL power state. In the deep sleep power state, neither DL transmission nor UL reception occurs, and the sleep interval can be greater than the total transition time to enter and exit this state. In the light sleep power state, neither DL transmission nor UL reception occurs, and the sleep interval can be greater than the total transition time to enter and exit this state. In the micro sleep power state, neither DL transmission nor UL reception occurs, and immediate transition from sleep to non-sleep states is assumed for network energy conservation considerations. In the active DL power state, only DL transmission occurs, and only UL reception occurs.

[0058] To support the NES mode, spatial element adaptation may be required. Potential enhancement instructions related to spatial element adaptation may help UEs to reconfigure already configured CSI-RS, such as dynamic / semi-permanent ON / OFF of CSI-RS, or reconfigure CSI-RS with an adapted number of spatial elements / ports. It is necessary to enhance the dynamic adaptation of spatial elements, such as the number of active transceiver chains and the number of active antenna panels in the gNB, in channel and signal transmission / reception. For example, to support NES, the following aspects are required: mechanisms to indicate spatial element adaptation to the UE, signaling to update the active CSI-RS configuration, CSI-RS (re)configuration, CSI / Radio Resource Management (RRM) / Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) measurements, CSI reporting (e.g., multiple CSI reports), and enhancements to beam management in NES; UE behavior (if required) when spatial element adaptation occurs: measurements, CSI feedback, power control, Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) / PDSCH repetition, Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) transmission, TCI configuration, beam management, beam failure recovery, Radio Link Monitoring, cell (re)selection, handover, initial access, etc.

[0059] In some aspects, the adaptation of the CSI-RS spatial elements may be related to the number of CSI-RS ports, which can be configured by the Radio Resource Control (RRC) parameter nrofPorts. Alternatively, the adaptation of the CSI-RS spatial elements may be performed by configuring multiple CSI-RS resources or by bandwidth portion (BWP) adaptation. In another aspect, TXRUs can be classified at a high level into fully digital, hybrid, and fully analog beamforming systems. Typically, hybrid architectures are assumed for massive MIMO and frequency range 2 (FR2). Changing the number of TXRUs may change the array gain, beamforming gain, and / or TX power gain, which may ultimately affect the RSRP measured at the UE side. If the number of TXRUs is reduced by 1 / K, the RSRP observed in EIRP / UE may decrease by ceil(10*log10(K)) dB. Changing the number of TXRUs may or may not result in a change in the number of antenna ports.

[0060] Alternatively, or in addition, signal and channel transmit power adaptation may be required. Solutions aim to dynamically adapt the transmit power or PSD of downlink signals and channels by enhancing relevant UE settings (e.g., considering power offsets to account for potential power adaptation) and / or enhancing UE feedback (e.g., CSI reporting) to support energy-saving network operation. This technique is applicable to one or more of PDSCH, CSI-RS, demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and broadcast channels / signals (e.g., SSB, system information, SI, paging). Enhancements for updating power offset values ​​between various signals and channels, such as from CSI-RS to SSB or from PDSCH to CSI-RS, include using lower layer signaling. signaling the changed power of SSB or the power ratio between CSI-RS and PDSCH / SSB and providing adaptation of the power ratio value, e.g. by utilizing UE-specific, group-level or cell-common signaling; enhancements for RRM measurements, beam management, beam failure recovery, radio link monitoring, cell (re)selection and handover procedures; enhancements for CSI measurement and reporting (e.g. multiple CSI reports in one report).

[0061] In view of the above, solutions in the spatial and power domains need to be specified. For example, enhancements to CSI and beam management related procedures, including measurements and reporting, and signaling need to be specified to enable efficient adaptation of spatial elements (e.g., antenna ports, active transceiver chains). Enhancements to CSI related procedures, including measurements and reporting, and signaling need to be specified to enable efficient adaptation of power offset values ​​between PDSCH and CSI-RS.

[0062] To solve at least some of the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for NES. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device transmits, to a terminal device, a first indication of a potential update to properties of transmissions in a first mode of the network device. The potential update causes the network device to perform transmissions in the first mode in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device. The transmissions include at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurement (CM) or interference measurement (IM). The terminal device applies the applied potential update at a first application timing and obtains information about the first mode based on measurements on the resources in the second mode and the applied potential update. Then, the terminal device transmits information about at least the first mode to the network device.

[0063] In these embodiments, potential updates are used to adjust measurement results in the second mode so that information about the first mode is reported in advance. For example, CSI reporting and beam reporting can be performed for the first mode. In this way, measurement and reporting, as well as signaling to save network energy, are enhanced, resulting in efficient adaptation (e.g., efficient adaptation of spatial elements and power offset values). Example signal flow for measurement and reporting

[0064] Potential updates or modifications of transmissions associated with resources intended for NES (e.g., spatial element changes or power changes) can complicate the channel and interference environment. Take CSI-RS and PDSCH transmissions as an example. This may mean that the channel and interference environment when measurements are performed on CSI-RS resources differs from the channel and interference environment when PDSCH transmissions associated with the CSI-RS resources are performed. As a result, there may be a discrepancy between the reported CSI obtained by the CSI-RS resources and the channel conditions during the actual PDSCH transmission. Therefore, CSI reporting or other appropriate reporting needs to take potential updates or modifications into account.

[0065] 2, which illustrates a signaling flow 200 for NES measurement and reporting in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, signaling flow 200 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, using, for example, terminal device 110 and network device 120.

[0066] The network device 120 transmits to the terminal device 110 a first indication 202 of a potential update to properties of transmissions in a first mode of the network device 120. The potential update causes transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device 120. For example, the first mode is an NES mode, and the second mode is a non-NES mode. The transmission, which may also be referred to as a target transmission, includes at least one of an RS transmission or a physical channel transmission associated with a resource (which may also be referred to as a target resource), where the resource is used for at least one of channel measurement or interference measurement. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the target transmission may be associated with the target resource in any appropriate manner. For example, the target transmission may be performed using the target resource or may be transmitted using another resource associated with the resource (e.g., quasi-colocated (QCLed) with the resource). Hereinafter, the potential update may also be abbreviated as a potential update associated with a resource or a potential update to or of a resource, without limitation.

[0067] The resources include, but are not limited to, CSI-RS resources, SSBs, SRS resources, etc. As an example, the resources are CSI-RS resources and the transmission is a CSI-RS transmission using the CSI-RS resources or a PDSCH transmission associated with the CSI-RS resources.

[0068] In some embodiments, the characteristics may include resource availability in the first mode, e.g., the ON / OFF status of resources in the first mode. Alternatively or additionally, the characteristics may include a first power, e.g., CSI-RS power, configured by the network device 120 to perform RS transmission in the second mode. Alternatively or additionally, the characteristics may include a second power, e.g., PDSCH power, configured by the network device 120 to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode. Alternatively or additionally, the characteristics may include a ratio between the first power and the second power, e.g., the ratio between CSI-RS power and PDSCH power. Alternatively or additionally, the characteristics may include a spatial element, e.g., the number or ratio of antenna ports, configured by the network device 120 to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0069] Take CSI-RS resources and PDSCH transmissions as an example. The first instruction may be used to update a value or parameter, such as a power backoff value for the PDSCH, a spatial element of the CSI-RS resources. The power backoff value for the PDSCH may or may not be directly related to an RRC-configured ratio of PDSCH EPRE to CSI-RS EPRE. In one example, as described in more detail below, the power backoff value in the first instruction may replace the RRC-configured ratio when the first instruction is applied. In another example, the power backoff value in the first instruction may be added to the RRC-configured ratio when the first instruction is applied.

[0070] The spatial element of a CSI-RS resource may include an antenna port and / or a TXRU. The antenna port of a CSI-RS resource may include the number of antenna ports, port ID(s), CSI report rank, or port restriction. Alternatively, or additionally, the spatial element of a CSI-RS resource may include the difference between the CSI-RS port(s) and the PDSCH transmission port(s). The TXRU of a CSI-RS resource may include the difference between the TXRU of a CSI-RS transmission and the TXRU of a PDSCH transmission. The spatial element update may be indicated as a decimal fraction such as 1 / X, or alternatively, may be explicit N_CSI-RS to N_PDSCH, where N_CSI-RS represents the number of spatial elements for CSI-RS transmission and N_PDSCH represents the number of spatial elements for PDSCH transmission. Note that 1 / X of the TXRU is equivalent to a power ratio reduction of ceil(10*log10(X)) dB.

[0071] The target resource may be indicated via any suitable field of the first instruction, or a combination of two or more fields of the first instruction. In some embodiments, the target resource may be indicated via an identification (ID) of a BWP containing the target resource, meaning that the first instruction may apply to resources within the BWP. Alternatively or additionally, the target resource may be indicated via an ID of a component carrier (CC) containing the target resource, meaning that the first instruction may apply to resources within the CC. Alternatively or additionally, the target resource may be indicated via an ID of the target resource. Alternatively or additionally, the target resource may be indicated via an ID of a resource set containing the target resource, meaning that the first instruction may apply to resources within the resource set. Alternatively or additionally, the target resource may be indicated via an ID of a reporting configuration associated with the target resource, meaning that the first instruction may apply to resources related to the reporting configuration. Alternatively or additionally, the target resource may be indicated via an ID of a TRP containing the target resource, meaning that the first instruction may apply to resources associated with the TRP.

[0072] In the case of dynamic signaling, the first indication may be based on a media access control (MAC) control element (CE) and / or downlink control information (DCI). Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first indication may be based on a combination of any two of RRC, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0073] In one example, if the MAC CE is used to update the power offset between the CSI-RS resource and the PDSCH transmission and / or the antenna port of the CSI-RS resource, the MAC CE may include a BWP / CC ID, a resource ID, a resource set ID, or a reporting configuration ID. Alternatively or additionally, the MAC CE may include TRP information or a control resource set (CORSET) pool index (CORESETPoolIndex). Alternatively or additionally, the MAC CE may include a power back-off value for the PDSCH transmission. Note that if the RRC configures multiple aperiodic triggers, each corresponding to a power back-off value, only the trigger information is required in the MAC CE. Alternatively or additionally, the MAC CE may include a port number or a port index. Note that if the RRC configures multiple aperiodic triggers, each corresponding to a subset of ports, only the trigger information is required in the MAC CE.

[0074] In one example, when a DCI is used, other fields such as a BWP / CC ID, a CSI request, etc. may be included in the DCI along with fields for potential updates to power back-off values ​​and / or antenna ports. The indicated updates to power back-off values ​​and / or antenna ports apply to resources within the indicated BWP / CC and resources indicated via the resource ID, resource set ID, or reporting configuration ID in the CSI request field. The bit width of the fields for potential updates to power back-off values ​​and / or antenna ports may depend on the range of values ​​supported by the terminal device 110. Alternatively, or additionally, a specific DCI format and / or radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) may be used for the power back-off value indication and / or antenna port update. Alternatively, or additionally, the DCI may be a group-common DCI having a group RNTI intended for multiple terminal devices.

[0075] Continuing with flow 200, terminal device 110 receives a first instruction 204 from network device 120. Terminal device 110 applies a potential update 206 at a first application timing. In this disclosure, applying a potential update and applying a first instruction may be used interchangeably.

[0076] For example, application of a potential update can start from slot n+T+1, where n is the time (e.g., slot) of receipt, decoding, or acknowledgment (ACK) of the first indication. This means that the first application timing is slot n+T+1. The value of T may differ based on known / unknown conditions, as described below. The value of T may differ for different parameters, different signaling formats used, and different UE capabilities.

[0077] Reference is now made to FIG. 3 , which illustrates a schematic diagram of timing associated with a first indication according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, a CSI-RS configuration is provided to the terminal device 110 at timing 301. The first indication is received at timing 302, an ACK for the first indication is transmitted at timing n, and a CSI-RS transmission occurs at timing 303. The first indication, in other words, a potential update, is applied at timing n+T+1, i.e., a first application timing. Another CSI-RS transmission occurs at timing 304. A CSI report is transmitted at timing n′. For a CSI report at timing n′ (e.g., n′>n+τ or n′>n+T+1+τ), the CSI report may be based on the CSI-RS transmission and corresponding measurements after the potential update is applied, where τ may be a delay required for CSI calculation. Otherwise, the CSI report may be based on the CSI-RS transmission and corresponding measurements before the potential update is applied. In this way, the application of the update value to the RS measurement / report or PDSCH transmission can be timed.

[0078] Returning now to Figure 2, in some embodiments, to apply potential update 206, terminal device 110 may determine at least one candidate value for the potential update and apply the potential update based on the at least one candidate value.

[0079] In some embodiments, the candidate value for the potential update may be determined in an absolute mode, in which the first indication may include an absolute value for the potential update, and the absolute value may be used as the application value.

[0080] Alternatively, or additionally, in some embodiments, the candidate values ​​for the potential update may be determined in a cumulative mode. In the cumulative mode, the first instruction may include cumulative values ​​for the potential update. The applied value is determined based on at least historically applied values ​​and the cumulative value in the first instruction. In some embodiments, the applied value may be further determined based on at least one additional cumulative value in instructions received before the first instruction.

[0081] In some embodiments, network device 120 may provide terminal device 110 with an indication of whether accumulation mode is enabled (also referred to as a third indication). In other words, terminal device 110 may be provided with an indication of cumulative or absolute adjustment, e.g., an indication pc-Accumulation. In the accumulation mode, the adjustment is based on historically applied values, e.g., the most recently applied value. In the absolute mode, the adjustment is based on the indicated value. The third indication may be provided via a field in the RRC, MAC CE, or DCI. For example, one bit in the DCI may indicate whether the first indication is used for an absolute value or an accumulated value. In some embodiments, the MAC CE may be used to provide the absolute value and the DCI may be used to provide one or more accumulated values. Note that accumulation mode is particularly well-suited for indicating a power backoff update.

[0082] Next, an example regarding the power backoff of the PDSCH will be described. In this embodiment, DCI is used to transmit the first indication, which is an example without any limitation. When the accumulation mode is not enabled, for example, when the terminal device 110 does not have pc-Accumulation, the power backoff value for the PDSCH, BWP b of the carrier f of the serving cell c, opportunity i may be determined as follows:

number

[0083] The exact value of the adjustment may not be known at the time of RS measurement. Thus, in some embodiments, the first instruction may provide multiple values ​​to calculate under different hypotheses. In other words, there may be multiple hypotheses with multiple values, i.e., multiple candidate values ​​for a potential update. In such embodiments, a variable k may be required, for example, as shown below:

number

[0084] If multiple DCIs have been received since the last adjustment, the value applied may be based on the most recent indication only. b,f,cExample values ​​of are shown in Table 1. For absolute values, the range and / or step size may be larger than for cumulative values, and the step size may be non-uniform (as in Table 1) or uniform. It should be understood that the 2-bit field in Table 1 is used as an example, and the number of bits to indicate the cumulative or absolute value may be any suitable number and may depend on the configuration. Furthermore, the cumulative and absolute values ​​shown in FIG. 1 are also non-limiting examples. Table 1: Examples of mappings between DCI code point values ​​(2-bit fields) and cumulative or absolute values [Table 1]

[0085] If accumulation mode is enabled, e.g., if terminal device 110 is equipped with pc-Accumulation, the power backoff value for the active BWP b for carrier f for PDSCH transmission opportunity i, serving cell c, may be determined as follows:

number

[0086] In some embodiments, there may be multiple hypotheses with multiple values, i.e., multiple candidate values ​​for a potential update. In such embodiments, a variable k may be required, for example, as shown below:

number

[0087] δ b,f,cExample values ​​of are shown in Table 1. Alternatively, or additionally, a separate table can be provided for the cumulative values. Furthermore, the field indicating the cumulative value may have a bit width that differs from the bit width of the field indicating the absolute value.

[0088] In some embodiments, there may be multiple hypotheses with multiple values ​​and multiple DCIs. In these embodiments, each DCI has as many δ values ​​as there are hypotheses. b,f,c (k) may be included.

[0089] If multiple DCIs have been received since the last adjustment, the cumulative value may be based on only the most recent indication value. Alternatively, the cumulative value may be the sum of the indication values ​​over a period of time as shown in equation (4), i.e., It may be based on TIFF2026504518000007.tif17150. For example, TIFF2026504518000008.tif17150 represents the cardinality C(D i ) a set of power backoff values ​​D i where i>0 is the smallest integer number by which K(i-i) symbols before opportunity i-i are earlier than K(i) symbols before opportunity i. Alternatively, i may be based on the configuration or capabilities of terminal device 110.

[0090] Reference is now made to Figure 4, which illustrates a schematic diagram of an accumulation mode for applying potential updates in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. At timing 401, a configuration indicating a power back-off value of X dB is received, and the power back-off value of X dB is applied at the (i-i0)th opportunity. At timing 403, an indication of an accumulation value of z1 dB is received, and at timing 404, an indication of an accumulation value of z2 dB is received. Thus, a power back-off value of (X+z1+z2) dB is applied at the i-th opportunity.

[0091] Referring now to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, terminal device 110 may transmit capability information to network device 120. For example, capability reporting may be performed. The capability information may indicate at least one of a value range of a characteristic supported by terminal device 110, a value or value step size of a characteristic supported by terminal device 110, a value range of potential updates to the characteristic supported by terminal device 110, and a value or value step size of potential updates to the characteristic supported by terminal device 110.

[0092] In one example, the capability report may define a range of values ​​for power backoff and / or antenna port / TXRU changes. For example, the capability report may define a maximum power backoff value (e.g., 18 dB, 15 dB, ..., 3 dB) supported by terminal device 110 for an NES. Alternatively or additionally, the capability report may define a maximum number of ports supported by terminal device 110 for an NES: CSI-RS ports, PDSCH ports, PDSCH layers, etc. Alternatively or additionally, the capability report may define a maximum TXRU reduction (e.g., 1 / 8, 1 / 4, 1 / 2, etc.) supported by terminal device 110 for an NES. Alternatively or additionally, the capability report may define a time duration for accumulation of power backoff values ​​and / or antenna port / TXRU changes supported by terminal device 110.

[0093] In some embodiments, to reduce signaling overhead, potential updates for resources in one BWP / CC may be applied to the list of configured BWP / CCs. Alternatively, or additionally, in some embodiments, to reduce signaling overhead, potential updates for one resource in a resource set may be applied to the remaining resources in the resource set. In some embodiments with multiple TRPs, potential updates may only be applied to resources and / or PDSCHs associated with the same TRP.

[0094] In some embodiments, a one-time indication may be assumed, such that the indicated potential update or change only applies to the next CSI-RS measurement / report and may then be applied to the configured value. Alternatively, or additionally, in some embodiments, a hold-till-next-indication may be assumed, such that the indicated potential update or change may apply until the next indication.

[0095] Alternatively, in some embodiments, an expiration timer may be set and the indicated potential update or change will only be applied until the timer expires. Alternatively, in some embodiments, a prohibition timer may be set and the indicated potential update or change will remain in effect regardless of the next instruction received when the timer is running.

[0096] In some embodiments, updates to the PDSCH power backoff and spatial elements of the CSI-RS resources may not affect assumptions about PDSCH reception at terminal device 110, but may affect CSI calculations. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the updates may also affect PDSCH reception.

[0097] In some embodiments, in response to the first indication, terminal device 110 may update other parameters or states to perform the target transmission. Specifically, terminal device 110 may update one or more of the following: the maximum number of layers (or maximum layers) of a physical channel for the physical channel transmission, the number of codewords for the physical channel transmission, the usage status of one or more parameters (e.g., redundancy version (RV), new data indicator (NDI), modulation and coding scheme (MCS)) indicated in downlink control information scheduling the physical channel transmission for transmission block (TB) 2, and the number of symbols of a demodulation reference signal for the physical channel transmission.

[0098] Take PDSCH transmission as an example. When the first indication is provided to terminal device 110, terminal device 110 recognizes that PDSCH is transmitted in a network energy-saving mode, e.g., in a low-specification or reduced manner. For example, terminal device 110 may assume that the maximum PDSCH layer is equal to the minimum of maxMIMO-Layers and the updated number of CSI RS antenna ports, regardless of the setting (or reporting) of the maximum PDSCH layer. Alternatively or additionally, terminal device 110 may assume that the RV, NDI, and MCS fields of TB 2 in DCI do not apply, regardless of the settings of these fields. Alternatively or additionally, terminal device 110 may assume a single-codeword PDSCH, e.g., maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCI=1, regardless of the setting of a two-codeword PDSCH. Alternatively or additionally, terminal device 110 may assume that only a one-symbol DMRS is used and maxLength=1, regardless of the setting of a two-symbol DMRS.

[0099] Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, in response to receiving the first indication, terminal device 110 may recognize that simpler CSI reporting may be needed, e.g., to support a network power saving mode, with low overhead or resolution. For example, terminal device 110 may assume Type I codebook-based CSI reporting regardless of a configuration of Type II CSI reporting. Alternatively or additionally, terminal device 110 may assume single-user (SU) CSI reporting regardless of a configuration of multi-user (MU) CSI reporting.

[0100] Continuing with FIG. 2, terminal device 110 obtains information 208 about the first mode based on measurements on resources in the second mode and the applied potential updates. Terminal device 110 then transmits information 210 about at least the first mode to network device 120. Network device 120 receives information 212 about at least the first mode from terminal device 110. That is, even if network device 120 does not enter the first mode, terminal device 110 can report information about the first mode (e.g., CSI, beam management information) by adjusting measurements in the second mode with the potential updates. In this way, mismatches between reported CSI obtained by CSI-RS resources and actual PDSCH transmissions can be avoided.

[0101] Channel and interference measurements In some embodiments, the reported information may include CSI, such that terminal device 110 may perform CM and / or IM on the target resource. Terminal device 110 may then determine CSI for the first mode based on the potential updates and the results of the CM and / or IM, also referred to as measurements. Such CSI for the first mode may be referred to as hypothetical CSI or potential CSI because it is obtained based on measurements in the second mode.

[0102] In some embodiments, as described above, multiple candidate values ​​may be determined for potential updates. In these embodiments, the CM and / or IM results may be scaled using multiple candidate values ​​to determine multiple results as the reported CSI.

[0103] The reported CSI may include any appropriate items. In some embodiments, terminal device 110 may determine a virtual RSRP for the first mode based on the measurement results and the potential transmit power of the transmission. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, terminal device 110 may determine a virtual signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) for the first mode based on the measurement results and the potential transmit power of the transmission. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, terminal device 110 may determine a virtual CQI for the first mode based on the measurement results and the potential transmit power of the transmission. The virtual CQI may be further based on a virtual RI and a virtual PMI, as described below. The potential transmit power (e.g., a potential power back-off value) may be determined based on the first instruction, as described above.

[0104] Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, terminal device 110 can determine a virtual RI in the first mode based on the measurement results and the potential number of antenna ports for transmission. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, terminal device 110 can determine a virtual PMI in the first mode based on the measurement results and the potential number of antenna ports for transmission. The virtual PMI may be further based on the virtual RI. The potential number of antenna ports may be determined based on the first instruction, as described above.

[0105] Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, terminal device 110 may determine the CRI in the first mode based on the number of active resources associated with the resource, e.g., the number of active resources in a resource set. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, terminal device 110 may determine the SSBRI in the first mode based on the number of active resources associated with the resource.

[0106] In some embodiments, the reported information may further include a potential update tolerance for characteristics associated with a first portion of resources for channel measurement. For example, terminal device 110 may report a tolerance for a power backoff value of CM resources (CMR) relative to a reference threshold. Alternatively, or in addition, the reported information may include a potential update mitigation for characteristics associated with a second portion of resources for interference measurement. For example, terminal device 110 may report a mitigation for a power backoff value of IM resources (IMR) relative to a reference threshold.

[0107] The virtual CSI has been briefly described above. More embodiments and examples will now be described.

[0108] In some embodiments, beam measurements (BM) and reporting may be based on potential updates to characteristics of transmissions associated with beam measurement resources, such as potential updates to the resource's ON / OFF state, transmit power, and / or spatial elements for performing transmissions. By considering energy savings as a criterion, beams can be selected based on potential performance assuming lower power consumption instead of better or worse measured RSRP / SINR.

[0109] Reference is now made to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram illustrating an example scenario of beam management and reporting. The power on the vertical axis in FIG. 5 refers to the received power by the terminal device 110, e.g., RSRP. As shown, beam measurement in the second mode may be performed on RS1 and RS2, with the RSRSP of RS1 being higher than the RSRSP of RS2. After the network device 120 switches to the first mode, the PDSCH transmission associated with RS1 will be received at a lower RSRP than the PDSCH transmission associated with RS2. Therefore, by taking potential updates into account, RS2 is selected for PDSCH transmission rather than RS1.

[0110] Thus, in some embodiments, the beam selection criteria may be based on the potential update or future state of the target resource, e.g., ON / OFF (or the number of active resources in a resource set), transmit power, number of spatial elements, measured RSRP, etc. For example, the terminal device 110 should not select resources that are turned off or will be turned off. Selecting such resources would result in the terminal device losing a reference (e.g., QCL reference) while the network device is operating in the first mode. As another example, the terminal device 110 should not select resources transmitted with lower power, lower beamforming gain, lower array gain, or lower number of spatial elements, etc. Selecting such resources would result in degradation of the terminal device's received signal quality while the network device is operating in the first mode. Note that the transmit power may not be the CSI-RS power but the PDSCH power transmitted via the same beam.

[0111] In such an embodiment, the first indication may be an indication indicating that the PDSCH is to be transmitted at a different power than the CSI-RS, or the first indication may have the details as described above.

[0112] In such an embodiment, the first instruction may provide a potential power backoff value when transmitting a PDSCH associated with the resource. The association of the PDSCH with the resource may mean that the PDSCH is QCL'd with the RS transmitted using the resource. In other words, the same beam may be used to transmit the RS and the PDSCH.

[0113] Furthermore, the first instruction may also provide for potential spatial element changes. Note that since the BM RS is usually a one-port or two-port CSI-RS, changing the number of antenna ports is not common. Changing the number of TXRUs may cause different beamforming gains to be applied to the CSI-RS and PDSCH.

[0114] The reported CRI and / or SSBRI may be determined based on the number of active resources in the resource set that configures the target resource. Table 2 shows examples of CRI and SSBRI. Table 2: Examples of CRIs and SSBRIs [Table 2]

[0115] As an example, K s CSI-RS is the number of active CSI-RS resources in the corresponding resource set, and K s SSB is the configured number of active SS / PBCH blocks in the corresponding resource set.

[0116] Alternatively or additionally, the reported RSRP may be a virtual RSRP, corrected or adjusted by, for example, an implicit power back-off value. For example, the reported RSRP for RS 1 is equal to the RSRP measured at RS 1 minus the power back-off value configured for resource 1 corresponding to RS 1, and the reported RSRP for RS 2 is equal to the RSRP measured at RS 2 minus the power back-off value configured for resource 2 corresponding to RS 2.

[0117] If multiple power back-off values ​​are indicated for one resource, multiple RSRPs corrected by each power back-off value may be reported.

[0118] Additionally, terminal device 110 can report a tolerance for power backoff values ​​relative to a reference threshold or a proposed tolerance / mitigation offset relative to a configured / instructed backoff value. The tolerance or mitigation may be reported per CRI. For example, for RS 1, terminal device 110 can report the RSRP measured in RS 1 and the tolerance backoff when PDSCH is QCL'd in RS 1. For RS 2, terminal device 110 can report the RSRP measured in RS 2 and the tolerance backoff when PDSCH is QCL'd in RS 2. The tolerance may be a value or index value such as 3 dB, 6 dB, 9 dB, etc.

[0119] In some embodiments, the reported RI, PMI, and CQI may be based on potential updates to characteristics of the transmission related to the CMR and IMR, such as potential updates to transmit power and / or spatial factors related to resources. By taking the potential updates into account, more accurate CQI, RI, and PMI can be obtained for the actual PDSCH transmission in network energy saving mode.

[0120] In such an embodiment, the first indication may provide potential power backoff values ​​for transmitting the PDSCH associated with the resource. The possibility that the PDSCH may be transmitted with power backoff means that the CSI obtained by measuring the CSI-RS may be inconsistent. If the PDSCH-to-CSI-RS power offset is dynamic, it may not be known when calculating the CQI. The terminal device 110 may report multiple CQIs for each hypothesis.

[0121] Alternatively, or in addition, the first indication may provide a potential reduction in spatial factors when transmitting a PDSCH associated with the resource. A change in the number of antenna ports and / or the number of TXRUs may affect codebook selection for CSI reporting.

[0122] In such an embodiment, terminal device 110 may assume that the virtual PMI is conditioned on the virtual RI, and that the virtual CQI is conditioned on the virtual RI and the virtual PMI.

[0123] The reported RI may be, for example, a virtual RI that considers only P' antenna ports of the CSI-RS resources, where P is the number of antenna ports configured according to legacy configuration signaling, and P' is the potential number of antenna ports indicated by the first indication. The first indication or other configuration signaling or CSI report from network device 120 to terminal device 110 may also provide further information regarding the P' antenna ports selected from the P antenna ports.

[0124] The reported PMI may be, for example, a virtual PMI that only considers the P′ antenna ports of the CSI-RS resource.

[0125] The reported CQI may be a virtual CQI, for example, calculated or adjusted by a power back-off value. The reported virtual CQI may be in the form of a differential value compared to the measured CQI. For example, first reported virtual differential CQI = first reported virtual CQI - first reported CQI.

[0126] The reported virtual CQI may be in the format of an MCS / CQI adjustment indication, for example, to indicate that network device 120 transmits the PDSCH with a higher or lower MCS, or to indicate that network device 120 transmits the PDSCH with a higher or lower power back-off value than configured. Additionally, terminal device 110 may report a tolerance for the power back-off value relative to a reference threshold, or a proposed tolerance / mitigation offset for the configured / instructed back-off value. The tolerance or mitigation may be reported per CQI.

[0127] In some embodiments, when multiple power backoff values ​​or spatial element reduction values ​​are indicated for one resource, terminal device 110 may report multiple RIs adjusted by the respective values, multiple PMIs adjusted by the respective values, or multiple CQIs adjusted by the respective values. The multiple CQIs may be reported in a differential manner, e.g., second reported hypothetical differential CQI = second reported hypothetical CQI - first reported hypothetical CQI.

[0128] As an example, when configured to report a virtual CQI index, the terminal device 110 assumes the following for the purpose of deriving a CQI index and, if configured, for the purpose of deriving a virtual PMI and RI in the CSI reference resource: the terminal device 110 uses v transmitted on P′ antenna ports of the CSI-RS resource of group j. j The corresponding PDSCH signal of a layer shall be assumed to have a ratio of EPRE to CSI-RS EPRE equal to the powerControlOffset of the respective CSI-RS resource and the potential power back-off value (for j=1,2, if any).

[0129] Now, let's focus on interference measurement. For CSI measurements other than L1-SINR, terminal device 110 may assume the following: each non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS port configured for interference measurement corresponds to an interfering transmission layer, all interfering transmission layers on the NZP CSI-RS port for interference measurement take into account the associated EPRE ratio, and other interfering signals on the resource elements (RE) of the NZP CSI-RS resource for channel measurement, the NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, or the CSI-IM resource for interference measurement. For L1-SINR measurement using resources dedicated to interference measurement, terminal device 110 may assume that the total received power on the NZP CSI-RS resource or the CSI-IM resource dedicated to interference measurement corresponds to interference and noise.

[0130] As mentioned above, due to the network device switching from the second mode to the first mode, the interference environment when measurements are performed on the CSI-RS resources is different from the interference environment when PDSCH transmissions associated with the CSI-RS resources are performed, i.e., the interference environment may be different between the channel measurement phase and the physical channel transmission phase.

[0131] 6A and 6B, which illustrate example scenarios for CMR and IMR. In the example of Fig. 6A, IMR-related transmissions are unchanged in the first mode compared to the second mode, while PSDCH transmissions related to CSI-RS are reduced in the first mode compared to CSI-RS transmissions in the second mode. As a result, interference is underestimated and SINR is overestimated.

[0132] In the example of Figure 6B, the IMR-related transmission is reduced in the first mode compared to the second mode, but the CSI-RS-related PSDCH transmission is unchanged in the first mode, resulting in an overestimation of interference and an underestimation of SINR.

[0133] To address the above issues, in some embodiments, CSI measurements and reporting may be based on potential updates to characteristics of transmissions related to both CMR and IMR, such as potential updates to ON / OFF states of CMR and IMR, transmit powers and / or spatial elements related to both CMR and IMR. By taking into account variations in the interference environment in addition to signal quality in NES mode, more accurate SINR estimation can be achieved.

[0134] Take as an example a potential update to power. The SINR calculation may be adapted. The SINR may be based on measurements via a CMR-IMR pair, for example, without limitation. Here, CMR power refers to the power measured via CMR, and IMR power refers to the power measured via IMR. If there is no switch from the second mode to the first mode, e.g., in the normal case, the SINR may be calculated as CMR power / IMR power.

[0135] If the signal power is expected to change in the first mode, the SINR may be calculated by (CMR power - power backoff) / IMR power. The intended (target) cell or beam may be transmitting with a lower PDSCH power, which may result in a lower SINR during actual transmission, as shown in Figure 6A. In this case, the SINR calculated by (CMR power / IMR power) during the channel measurement phase will be overestimated.

[0136] In the first mode, when the interference power is expected to vary, the SINR can be calculated by CMR power / (IMR power - power backoff). If other cells or beams (interferers) are transmitting with low PDSCH power, the interference may be reduced during actual transmission, improving the SINR (e.g., as shown in Figure 6B). In this case, the SINR calculated by (CMR power / IMR power) during the channel measurement phase will be underestimated.

[0137] If the mixing condition is met, i.e., both the signal power and the interference power are expected to vary in the first mode, the SINR can be calculated by (CMR power - power backoff) / (IMR power - power backoff).

[0138] Note that the CMR power backoff may be known at the network device 120. On the other hand, the IMR power backoff is not necessarily known at the network device 120, especially if the interferer is another cell. Therefore, taking potential updates into account when calculating the SINR can achieve a more accurate SINR estimation.

[0139] In some embodiments, given the ON / OFF of CMR or IMR for one CMR-IMR pair, at least the following assumptions can be made: For example, in the normal case, CMR and IMR have a one-to-one pairing relationship; if CMR is OFF, the associated beam should not be selected; if IMR is OFF, interference is measured only on the associated CMR resource.

[0140] In some embodiments, for L1-SINR, changing the number of antenna ports may be uncommon. For CSI other than L1-SINR, the number of CSI-RS ports may be updated for CMR and / or IMR. Updating the number of CMR ports is similar to that described above for beam measurement and reporting. Updating the number of IMR ports may trigger updates to the interfering transmission layer and accumulated interference power.

[0141] The reported CRI and / or SSBRI may be determined by the number of active resources in the corresponding CMR resource set. The reported SINR may be, for example, a virtual SINR corrected by a power backoff value. The reported SINR for CRI 1 may be equal to the SINR measured at CMR 1 and IMR 1 and / or the virtual SINR with backoffs set for CMR 1 and IMR 1.

[0142] Furthermore, terminal device 110 can report a tolerance for power backoff values ​​relative to a reference threshold. The tolerance may be reported per CRI. For example, for CRI 1, terminal device 110 can report the SINR measured at CMR1 and IMR1, and the allowable power backoff when the PDSCH is QCL'd at CMR1.

[0143] If multiple power back-off values ​​are indicated for one resource, the reported SINR may be compensated for each back-off value respectively.

[0144] The reported CQI may be a hypothetical CQI calculated, for example, with CMR and IMR backoff values. The reported hypothetical CQI may also be in the form of a differential value compared to the measured CQI. For example, a first reported hypothetical differential CQI is equal to the first reported hypothetical CQI minus the first reported CQI.

[0145] The reported virtual CQI may be in the format of an MCS / CQI adjustment indication, for example, to indicate that the network device 120 should transmit the PDSCH with a higher or lower MCS, or to indicate that the network device 120 should transmit the PDSCH with a higher or lower power backoff value than configured.

[0146] In some embodiments, terminal device 110 can report a tolerance for the CMR power backoff value relative to a reference threshold, which may be reported per CQI.

[0147] In some embodiments, terminal device 110 can report a relaxation of the power backoff value of the IMR relative to a reference threshold, which may be reported per CQI.

[0148] In one example, for virtual CSI measurement(s) other than L1-SINR, the terminal device 110 assumes: each of the P′ NZP CSI-RS ports configured for interference measurement corresponds to a virtual interfering transmission layer, all virtual interfering transmission layers at the NZP CSI-RS ports for interference measurement take into account the configured associated EPRE ratio and potential power back-off value (if any), and other interfering signals in the RE of the NZP CSI-RS resource for channel measurement, the NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, or the CSI-IM resource for interference measurement take into account the potential power back-off value (if any).

[0149] In a virtual L1-SINR measurement using a dedicated interference measurement resource, the terminal device 110 assumes that the total received power in the dedicated interference measurement NZP CSI-RS resource or dedicated interference measurement CSI-IM resource corresponds to interference and noise in the presence of a potential power backoff value.

[0150] Beam Damage Recovery In some embodiments, the reported information may include a beam failure report or a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ).

[0151] For the beam failure recovery procedure, the network device 120 transmits a beam failure configuration to the terminal device 110, which can indicate a beam failure detection (BFD) RS. The network device 120 performs transmission of the BFD RS. The terminal device 110 monitors the BFD RS and performs BFD. If a beam failure is detected, the terminal device 110 selects a candidate beam from multiple candidate beams and transmits a report or BFRQ indicating the selected candidate beam to the network device 120. The network device 120 then transmits a beam failure response to the terminal device 110, and PDSCH transmission is restored using the selected candidate beam.

[0152] Conventionally, BFD is used to calculate the threshold Q based on the virtual PDCCH transmission parameters of the UE. out,LR The threshold Q is based on evaluating the radio link quality according to the BFD RS (e.g., NZP CSI-RS) relative to the NZP CSI-RS EPRE (provided by the default of rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold). The ratio of PDCCH EPRE to NZP CSI-RS EPRE is assumed to be 0 dB. out,LR is defined as the level at which the downlink radio level link for the configured resource configuration cannot be reliably received, and corresponds to a hypothetical PDCCH transmission BLERout = 10% block error rate (BLER).

[0153] However, in NES, the PDSCH may be transmitted with power backoff, meaning that the channel conditions for the PDSCH may be worse than the channel conditions for the PDCCH.

[0154] Thus, in some embodiments, the BFD threshold may be strengthened or tightened based on the virtual PDCCH monitoring. Specifically, the terminal device 110 may determine a first criterion for BFD in the first mode based on the potential update. The first criterion is tightened compared to a second criterion for BFD in the second mode. The terminal device 110 may detect beam failure based on the first criterion.

[0155] In general, the enhanced or tightened criteria for BFD are met when NES is enabled and the PDCCH power is conditionally higher (e.g., X dB) than the associated PDSCH power. The radio link quality at the configured BFD resources is determined by a threshold Q in It is rated as better than +X dB.

[0156] In some embodiments, the potential ON / OFF state of the BFD RS may be taken into consideration. For example, the terminal device 110 may not select a resource that is turned off / transmitted at a lower power as the BFD RS. Alternatively, some default RS (e.g., SSB) may be needed if the BFD-RS is turned off.

[0157] In some embodiments, potential updates to the transmit power of the BFD RS may be considered. In one example, the BFD threshold Q out,LR (also referred to as the first threshold) may be scaled with an offset, e.g., BLERout<10%. In another example, the ratio of the hypothetical PDCCH EPRE to the NZP CSI-RS EPRE may be assumed to be X dB. The value of X is related to the PDSCH to CSI-RS power ratio, e.g., X may be equal to or less than the PDSCH power backoff.

[0158] In a further example, for the PDSCH in NES mode, the threshold Q out,LR In addition to Q, another threshold (also called second threshold) can be introduced. The second threshold may be a metric of RSRP, SINR, or BLER, for example, Q, the threshold Q out,PDSCH , threshold RSRP out,PDSCH , or threshold SINR out,PDSCHTerminal device 110 may evaluate the radio link quality to the BFD RS (e.g., NZP CSI-RS) against a second threshold, also taking into account the potential transmit power in the first mode. For example, terminal device 110 may apply the second threshold to BLER, RSRP, or SINR measurements obtained for a CSI-RS resource or set of CSI-RS resources after scaling each CSI-RS received power by a value provided by the first indication, respectively. In a further example, both the first and second thresholds need to be met for beam failure detection.

[0159] In some embodiments, a 1-port RS may be used for the BFD RS, and therefore the BFD RS may not be relevant for antenna port updates. In some embodiments, it may be possible to change the number of TXRUs, which may cause different beamforming gains to be applied to the CSI-RS and PDSCH.

[0160] Please refer to Figure 7A, which shows an example scenario of BFD. As an example, BLER is used as the threshold for BFD. In this example, RS1 is measured in the second mode, and the corresponding BLER is below the original threshold in the second mode. For example, BLERout=10%. If the PDSCH associated with RS1 is transmitted in a reduced manner in the first mode, the resulting BLER exceeds the original threshold. This means that beam failure should be detected for RS1. In contrast, if the threshold is scaled, the corresponding BLER measured in the second mode exceeds the scaled threshold. As a result, beam failure is detected for RS1.

[0161] In such an embodiment, the BFD threshold is extended based on potential updates when the PDSCH is transmitted at lower power in NES mode, thereby avoiding cases where the PDCCH BLER is above the threshold but the PDSCH transmission occurs in worse channel conditions.

[0162] If a beam failure is detected, a candidate beam can be selected. Conventionally, the UE applies Q to the L1-RSRP measurements obtained from the SS / PBCH blocks. in,LR The UE applies a threshold of Q to the L1-RSRP measurements obtained for the CSI-RS resources after scaling the respective CSI-RS received power by the value provided by powerControlOffsetSS. in,LR Apply a threshold.

[0163] However, the candidate beam selected for PDSCH transmission in NES mode is transmitted with a power backoff compared to the transmit power of the RS associated with the selected candidate beam.

[0164] For this reason, in some embodiments, the criteria for candidate beam selection may be relaxed based on the RSRP measurement of the RS. Specifically, the terminal device 110 may determine a third criterion for candidate beam selection in the first mode based on the potential update. The third criterion is relaxed compared to the fourth criterion for candidate beam selection in the second mode. The terminal device 110 may select a candidate beam from multiple candidate beams based on the third criterion.

[0165] In general, the relaxed criteria for candidate beam selection are met when the NES mode is enabled and the PDSCH power is conditionally lower (e.g., X dB) than the associated CSI-RS power. The radio link quality of the RS configured for the candidate beam (also called the candidate beam RS) is determined by a threshold Q in It is rated as better than +X dB.

[0166] In some embodiments, the potential ON / OFF state of the RS associated with the candidate beam may be considered, for example, dynamic updating of the candidate beam RS may be considered.

[0167] In some embodiments, the potential transmission power of the candidate beam RS in the first mode may be taken into consideration. For example, the RSRP threshold of the candidate beam RS may be determined based on a hypothetical RSRP because the PDSCH may be transmitted at a lower power. In one example, the RSRP of the candidate beam RS is corrected by a power backoff value and then compared with a configured legacy threshold. That is, the RSRP measured at the RS minus the power backoff value is compared with the configured legacy threshold.

[0168] In another example, the RSRP threshold of the candidate beam RS may be scaled with a power backoff value. For example, the scaled threshold is equal to the configured legacy threshold plus the power backoff value. In a further example, both the legacy threshold and the scaled threshold need to be met.

[0169] Additionally, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may report a tolerance for the power backoff value of a beam used as a candidate beam for beam failure recovery relative to a reference threshold or reported RSRP. Alternatively, a proposed tolerance or mitigation offset relative to a configured or indicated backoff value may be reported. The tolerance, recommended tolerance, or mitigation offset may be reported together with information related to the determined candidate RS index.

[0170] 7B, which illustrates an example scenario of candidate beam selection. In this example, candidate beam RS1 measured at a higher RSRP in the second mode may correspond to a PDSCH transmission at a lower power in the first mode. Meanwhile, candidate beam RS2 measured at a lower RSRP in the second mode (e.g., even lower than the configured legacy RSRP threshold, as shown in FIG. 7B) may correspond to a PDSCH transmission with a higher power in the first mode (higher than the PDSCH associated with RS1, i.e., transmitted on the same beam as RS1).

[0171] If the potential update was not taken into account, for example, if the legacy RSRP threshold was used, the candidate beam associated with RS 2 would not be selected. By relaxing the criteria based on the potential update, the candidate beam associated with RS 2 is selected by the terminal device 110. In this way, more candidate beams can be selected for PDSCH transmission in the NES mode, ultimately increasing the success rate of beam failure recovery.

[0172] Signal flow examples for related configurations In some embodiments, a target resource may be associated with a configuration, also referred to as a target configuration. The target configuration may include, but is not limited to, a TCI state, a spatial relationship, or a path loss (PL) RS. For example, a target resource may be used as a reference for a TCI state, a spatial relationship, or a PL RS. In this case, an update of a transmission related to a target resource, e.g., a change in the spatial element or power of this resource, affects the associated TCI state, spatial relationship, or PL RS.

[0173] The association of a target configuration with a target resource may be implemented in any suitable manner. In some embodiments, a target configuration may be associated with a resource if the resource is directly indicated along with or in the configuration. For example, the association of a TCI state, spatial relationship, or PL-RS with a resource may include the resource being directly indicated as a reference signal in the TCI state, spatial relationship, or PL-RS configuration. For example, the association of a TCI state, spatial relationship, or PL-RS with a resource may include the resource being indicated in an indirectly associated TCI state, spatial relationship, or PL-RS configuration (e.g., different TCI states, spatial relationships, or PL-RSs in different CCs / BWPs that share the same TCI state, spatial relationship, or PL-RS ID, respectively).

[0174] Reference is now made to Figure 8, which illustrates a signaling flow 800 of application of related settings in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, signaling flow 800 will be discussed with reference to Figure 1, using, for example, terminal device 110 and network device 120.

[0175] The network device 120 sends 802 a second indication of the configuration associated with the target resource to the terminal device 110. The resource is used for at least one of channel measurement or interference measurement.

[0176] As described above, the configuration may include at least one of a TCI state, a spatial relationship, or a PL-RS. The second indication may be signaling used to configure, activate, or indicate at least one of a TCI state, a spatial relationship, or a PL-RS.

[0177] The terminal device 110 receives 804 a second instruction from the network device 120. The terminal device 110 determines 806 whether characteristics of transmissions are updated during a time period, also referred to as a target time period. The transmissions include at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resource, and the updated characteristics cause the transmissions to be performed in a reduced manner in the first mode of the network device 120 compared to the second mode of the network device 120. In other words, the terminal device 110 determines whether characteristics of transmissions associated with the target resource have changed during the target time period. The target time period may be a time period before receipt of the second instruction.

[0178] If the characteristics have not been updated during the target period, the terminal device 110 applies the configuration at a second application timing 808. If the characteristics have been updated during the target period, the terminal device 110 applies the configuration at a third application timing 810. The third application timing is later than the second application timing.

[0179] That is, if the characteristics associated with a resource do not change during the time period, the associated configuration can be considered to be in a known state. Therefore, the setting can be used without too long a delay. In contrast, if the characteristics associated with a resource change during the time period, the associated setting can be considered to be in an unknown state. Therefore, the terminal device 110 must wait a longer duration to apply the setting.

[0180] In some embodiments, the application timing may differ for TCI states, spatial relationships, or PL-RS, as described below.

[0181] The target period may have a fixed length or a dynamic length, and may be related to the periodicity of the resource, or may be reported by the terminal device 110 or set by the network device 120.

[0182] In some embodiments, the length of the target period may vary for different TCI states, spatial relationships, or PL-RS. In some embodiments, the target period may begin with the receipt or application of a first instruction, last transmission, or report related to the resource. The target period may continue until the receipt, confirmation, or application of a second instruction.

[0183] Continuing with flow 800, to align the operations of terminal device 110 and network device 120, network device 120 performs operations similar to those of terminal device 110. Specifically, network device 120 determines whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during the target time period 826. In other words, network device 120 determines whether characteristics of transmissions associated with the target resource have changed during the target time period.

[0184] If the characteristics have not been updated during the target period, the network device 120 applies the settings at a second application timing 828. If the characteristics have been updated during the target period, the network device 120 applies the settings at a third application timing 830.

[0185] In such an embodiment, the known and unknown conditions may result in different indicated TCI states, spatial relationships, or timings for applying the PL-RS. In this manner, the terminal device 110 can obtain stable measurements of resources for determining its DL QCL assumptions, UL Tx beams, and UL Tx power.

[0186] Terminal device 110 may determine 806 whether the characteristic has been updated in any suitable manner. For example, if a potential update activation indication has been received and applied, terminal device 110 may determine that the characteristic has been updated and that the setting is therefore in an unknown state.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first indication can be used to determine whether the characteristic has been updated. As shown in FIG. 8, network device 120 may send 202 a first indication of a potential update to terminal device 110, and terminal device 110 may receive 204 the first indication from network device 120. Terminal device 110 may apply the potential update at a first application timing. The first indication and the first application timing are similar to those described with reference to FIG. 2, and therefore, the description here will not be repeated. If the first application timing is within the target period, terminal device 110 may determine that the characteristic has been updated.

[0188] Next, reference is made to Figure 9, which illustrates an example of application timings of the first and second instructions. At timing 901, an association between a target configuration and a target resource is provided. For example, it is indicated that at least one of a TCI state, a spatial relationship, or a PL-RS is associated with the resource. At timing 902, a first instruction is received. For example, the first instruction is used to update a transmit power or a spatial element associated with the resource. The first instruction is applied at a first application timing 903. At timing 904, a second instruction is received.

[0189] In some embodiments, the characteristics are not updated during time period 911. Thus, the target settings are applied at a second application timing 905, which has a shorter time period since receipt of the second instruction. In some embodiments, the characteristics are updated during time period 912. Thus, the target settings are applied at a third application timing 906, which has a longer time period since receipt of the second instruction.

[0190] Note that in flow 200, application of the first instruction may not imply entering NES mode or substantially changing a characteristic. In contrast, in flow 800, application of the first instruction may activate an actual change of a characteristic.

[0191] In some embodiments, the TCI state associated with a resource is considered "known" if the transmit power and / or spatial element of the resource has not changed over time. In other words, the TCI state is considered "unknown" if the transmit power and / or spatial element of the resource has changed over time. The "known" and "unknown" states may result in different application timings. In this way, the terminal device 110 can obtain stable measurements of the resource and determine its DL QCL assumptions.

[0192] If the TCI state is known, the TCI state switch occurs in slot n+T. HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ +TOk *(T first-SSB +T SSB-proc ) / NR slot length. HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ It is assumed that the PDCCH in the old TCI state can be received until T HARQ is the timing from DL transmission to acknowledgement. first-SSB is the time until the first SSB transmission after the MAC CE command is decoded by the terminal device 110, and the SSB must be QCL-Type A or QCL-Type C for the target TCI state. SSB-proc = 2ms. If the target TCI state is not in the active TCI state list of the PDSCH, k = 1, otherwise 0.

[0193] If the target TCI state is unknown, upon receiving a PDSCH carrying a MAC-CE activation command in slot n, the UE shall HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ +T L1-RSRP +TO uk *(T first-SSB +T SSB-proc ) / NR slot length, the UE shall be able to receive the PDCCH with the target TCI state of the serving cell where the TCI state switch occurred in the first slot after slot n+T HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ It is assumed that the PDCCH in the old TCI state can be received until the - T in FR1 L1-RSRP = 0, or in FR2, when switching TCI states without QCL-Type D. Otherwise, -T L1-RSRP is the focusing time of the Rx beam in FR2, and is defined as follows: - Assume M=1, -T Report =0, - About SSB, T L1-RSPR_Measurement_Period_SSBIt is defined as - Set to have the upper layer parameter repetition set to ON, - assume M=1 for periodic CSI-RS, - for aperiodic CSI-RS, if the number of resources in the resource set is at least equal to MaxNumberRxBeam; -T Report =0, - Regarding CSI-RS, L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_CSI-RS It is defined as follows.

[0194] In some embodiments, the association of TCI states with resources may include the following: each TCI state includes parameters for configuring a quasi-co-location relationship between one or two downlink reference signals (i.e., resources) and a DM-RS port of a PDSCH, a DM-RS port of a PDCCH, or a CSI-RS port(s) of a CSI-RS resource. If applicable, the TCI state configuration may provide reference signals (i.e., resources) for determining PUSCH and PUCCH resources based on dynamic and configuration grants for CCs, and UL TX spatial filters for SRSs.

[0195] In one example, the TCI state is known if the following conditions are met: - During the period from the last transmission of RS resources used for L1-RSRP measurement reports in the target TCI state to the completion of switching to the active TCI state, the RS resources for L1-RSRP measurements are RSs in the target TCI state or RSs QCL'd to the target TCI state. - Receive a TCI state switch command within 1280 ms of the last transmission of an RS resource for beam reporting or measurement. - The UE has sent at least one L1-RSRP report for the target TCI state before the TCI state switch command. - During the TCI state switching period, the TCI state remains detectable. - The transmit power of the RS associated with the TCI state is not changed for the duration. - The spatial components of the RS related to the TCI state remain unchanged during the period. - During the TCI switching period, the SSB associated with the TCI state remains detectable. - The SNR in the TCI state is ≥ -3 dB. Otherwise, the TCI status is unknown.

[0196] In another example, the downlink TCI state is known if the following condition is met: - During the period from the last transmission of RS resources used for L1-RSRP measurement reporting for the target downlink TCI state until the active downlink TCI state switching is completed, the RS resources for L1-RSRP measurements are RSs in the target downlink TCI state or RSs QCL'd to the target downlink TCI state. - The downlink TCI state switch command is received within 1280 ms of the last transmission of a beam report or RS resource for measurements. - The UE has sent at least one L1-RSRP report for the target downlink TCI state before the downlink TCI state switch command. - The target downlink TCI state remains detectable during the downlink TCI state switching period. - The transmit power of the RS associated with the downlink TCI state is not changed during the period. - The spatial element of the RS related to the downlink TCI state is not changed during the period. - SSBs associated with a downlink TCI state remain detectable during the downlink TCI switching period. - The SNR under downlink TCI condition is ≥ -3 dB. - An SSB can be associated with either the serving cell PCI or a PCI different from the serving cell PCI. Otherwise, the downlink TCI state is unknown.

[0197] In another example, the uplink TCI state is known if the following condition is met: - the period from the last transmission of RS resources used for L1-RSRP measurement reports in the target uplink TCI state to the completion of switching of the active uplink TCI state (where the RS resources for L1-RSRP measurements are RSs in the target uplink TCI state or RSs QCL'd to the target uplink TCI state). - The uplink TCI state switch command is received within 1280 ms after the last transmission of a beam report or RS resource for measurements. - The UE has sent at least one L1-RSRP report for the target uplink TCI state before the uplink TCI state switch command. - An RS set to the target uplink TCI state remains discoverable during the uplink TCI state switching period. - The SNR of the RS set to the target uplink TCI state is ≥ -3 dB. - The target uplink TCI state is detectable even during the uplink TCI state switching period. - The transmit power of the RS associated with the uplink TCI state is not changed during the period. - The spatial element of the RS related to the uplink TCI state is not changed during the period. - During the uplink TCI switching period, the SSBs related to the uplink TCI state remain detectable. - The SNR in uplink TCI condition is ≥ -3 dB. - An SSB can be associated with either the serving cell PCI or a PCI different from the serving cell PCI. Otherwise, the uplink TCI state is unknown.

[0198] In some embodiments, a spatial relationship associated with a resource is considered "known" if the transmit power and / or spatial element of the resource remains unchanged over a period of time. In other words, if the transmit power and / or spatial element of the resource changes over a period of time, the spatial relationship is considered "unknown." In this manner, terminal device 110 can obtain stable measurements of the resource to determine its uplink transmit beam.

[0199] In some embodiments, when a target spatial relationship associated with a DL RS is known, upon receiving a PDSCH carrying a MAC-CE activation command in slot n, for UL spatial relationship switching for a PUCCH or semi-persistent SRS transmission of a serving cell with a target UL spatial relationship, terminal device 110 may perform a PDSCH activation in slot n+T if beamCorrespondenceWithoutUL-BeamSweeping is set to 1. HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ +1, it shall be possible to transmit a PUCCH or semi-persistent SRS with a target UL spatial relationship (where T HARQ is the timing between DL transmission and acknowledgment).

[0200] When the target spatial relationship associated with the DL RS is unknown, upon receiving a PDSCH carrying a MAC-CE activation command in slot n, for UL spatial relationship switching for PUCCH or semi-persistent SRS transmission of a serving cell with a target UL spatial relationship, the terminal device 110 performs a PDSCH activation in slot n+T if beamCorrespondenceWithoutUL-BeamSweeping is set to 1. HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ +T L1-RSRP At +1, it shall be possible to transmit PUCCH or semi-persistent SRS with target UL spatial relationship. -T L1-RSRP is the focusing time of the Rx beam in FR2, and is defined as follows: - Assume M=1, -T Report =0, - About SSB, T L1-RSPR_Measurement_Period_SSB It is defined as - Set to have the upper layer parameter repetition set to ON, - assume M=1 for periodic CSI-RS, - for aperiodic CSI-RS, if the number of resources in the resource set is at least equal to MaxNumberRxBeam; -T Report =0, - Regarding CSI-RS, L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_CSI-RS It is defined as follows.

[0201] In some embodiments, the association of a spatial relationship with a resource may include configuring a spatial relationship between a reference RS and a target SRS / PUSCH / PUCCH, and the higher layer parameter spatialRelationInfo or spatialRelationInfoPos, if configured, includes the ID of the reference RS (i.e., resource).

[0202] As an example, the spatial relationships associated with DL RSs are known if the following conditions are met: - From the last transmission of the DL RS resource used for L1-RSRP measurement report of the target spatial relationship until the switching of the active spatial relationship is completed, the DL RS resource for L1-RSRP measurement is a DL RS in the target spatial relationship or a DL RS QCLed to the target spatial relationship with QCL type-D. - The spatial relationship switch command is received within 1280 ms of the last transmission of a DL RS resource for beam reporting or measurement. - The UE has sent at least one L1-RSRP report for the target spatial relationship before the spatial relationship switch command. - DL RSs set in a spatial relationship are detectable even during spatial relationship switching periods. - The SNR of the DL RSs set in spatial relationship is ≥ -3 dB. - The transmit power of the RS configured in the spatial relationship is not changed during the spatial relationship switching period. - The spatial elements of the RS set in the spatial relationship will not be changed during the period. - The SSB associated with the spatial relationship remains detectable during the spatial relationship switch period. - The SNR of the SSB related to the spatial relationship is ≥ -3 dB. Otherwise, the spatial relationship is unknown.

[0203] In some embodiments, a path loss reference signal associated with a resource is considered "known" if the transmit power and / or spatial element of the resource remains unchanged over a period of time. In other words, if the transmit power and / or spatial element of the resource changes over a period of time, the path loss reference signal is considered "unknown." In this way, the terminal device 110 can obtain stable measurements of the resource to determine its UL transmit power.

[0204] If the target path loss reference signal is known, the terminal device 110 receives a PDSCH carrying MAC-CE activation in slot n and then transmits the PDSCH at the latest by slot n+T. HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ TIFF2026504518000010.tif15150 It is assumed that the target path loss reference signal of the serving cell where switching of the path loss reference signal occurs can be applied. HARQ +3N slot subframe,μ The old path loss reference signal can be applied up to the -T HARQ is the timing between the path loss reference MAC-CE activation command and the acknowledgment; - NM = 1 if the target PL-RS is not maintained by the UE, otherwise 0; -T target_PL-RSis the periodicity of the target path loss reference signal, which can be SSB or NZP CSI-RS.

[0205] If the path loss reference signal is unknown, longer application times are expected.

[0206] In one example, the path loss reference signal is known if the following condition is met between the last transmission of the RS resource used for the L1-RSRP measurement report and the completion of path loss reference signal switching: - The path loss reference signal switch command is received within 1280 ms after the last transmission of a beam report or measurement RS resource. - The UE has sent at least one L1-RSRP report for the target path loss reference signal before the path loss reference signal switching command. - The target path loss reference signal remains detectable during the path loss reference signal switching period. - The SNR of the target path loss reference signal is ≥ -3 dB. - The transmission power of the RS associated with the path loss reference signal is not changed during the path loss reference signal switching period. - The spatial element of the RS associated with the path loss reference signal remains unchanged during the period. - During the path loss reference signal switching period, the SSB associated with the path loss reference signal of interest remains detectable. - The SNR of the associated SSB is ≥ 3 dB. Otherwise, the path loss reference signal is unknown.

[0207] Additionally, the path loss may be determined based on the reference signal power and the higher layer filtered RSRP. For example, the path loss may be equal to referenceSignalPower minus the higher layer filtered RSRP, where referenceSignalPower is configured via RRC. If dynamic spatial elements or power adaptation are used for network energy conservation, the referenceSignalPower, beamforming gain, and measured RSRP may be dynamically changed. This may result in a change in the path loss calculation in some embodiments.

[0208] In some embodiments, terminal device 110 may determine a path loss from network device 120 to terminal device 110 based on a one-time difference between the reference signal power and the RSRP measured on a resource. In other words, L1-RSRP may be used in the PL calculation. For example, L1 path loss may be used for UL power determination, and L1 path loss may be equal to the instantaneous reference signal power minus L1-RSRP.

[0209] Alternatively, or additionally, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 can determine the path loss from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 based on filtering of differences between the reference signal power and RSRPs measured over resources. That is, the difference between the Tx power and the RSRP can be filtered. For example, instead of filtering only the RSRP, filtering can be applied to the path loss such that the path loss is equal to the upper layer filtering (instantaneous reference signal power—L1-RSRP).

[0210] Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the path loss from the network device to the terminal device based on multiple RSRPs measured on the resource after the characteristics are updated. That is, only the RSRPs after the first application timing are filtered. For example, the terminal device 110 may consider the path loss reference signal to be "unmaintained" and calculate a path loss estimate based on multiple (e.g., five) measurements of the path loss reference signal after applying the reference signal transmit power / spatial element change.

[0211] Exemplary Methods and Apparatus 10 shows a flowchart of a communication method 1000 implemented in a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, the method 1000 will be described in terms of the terminal device 1100 of FIG.

[0212] At block 1010, terminal device 110 receives from network device 120 a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of network device 120. The potential update causes transmissions to be performed in the first mode in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of network device 120. The transmissions include at least one of a reference signal transmission or a physical channel transmission associated with a resource, the resource being used for at least one of a channel measurement or an interference measurement.

[0213] In block 1020, terminal device 110 obtains information about the first mode based on measurements on resources in the second mode and potential updates to be applied at the first application timing.

[0214] In block 1030, the terminal device 110 transmits information regarding at least the first mode to the network device 120.

[0215] In some demonstrative embodiments, the characteristic comprises at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power set by the network device 120 to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by the network device 120 to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio between the first power and the second power; or a spatial element set by the network device 120 to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0216] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further determine, based at least on the first instruction, at least one candidate value for the potential update and apply the potential update based on the at least one candidate value.

[0217] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further determine the absolute value indicated in the first indication as the first candidate value of the at least one candidate value.

[0218] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further determine a second candidate value for at least one candidate value based at least on the historical value of the property and the cumulative value indicated in the first instruction.

[0219] In some exemplary embodiments, the second candidate value may be determined further based on a cumulative value indicated in at least one further instruction received during a period prior to receipt of the first instruction.

[0220] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further receive from network device 120 a third indication of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value is enabled.

[0221] In some example embodiments, the resource is indicated via at least one of an identification of a bandwidth portion on which the resource is configured, an identification of a component carrier on which the resource is configured, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set on which the resource is configured, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission reception point associated with the resource.

[0222] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further transmit capability information to network device 120 indicating at least one of a value range of a characteristic supported by terminal device 110 or a value range of a potential update to a characteristic supported by terminal device 110.

[0223] In some exemplary embodiments, the transmission configures a physical channel transmission, and the terminal device 110 may further update, in response to the first instruction, at least one of the maximum layer of the physical channel for the physical channel transmission, the number of codewords for the physical channel transmission, the usage status of one or more parameters indicated in the downlink control information scheduling the physical channel transmission for transmission block 2, or the number of symbols of the demodulation reference signal for the physical channel transmission to perform the transmission with the network device 120.

[0224] In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 110 may further perform channel and interference measurements on the resources and determine channel state information as at least part of the information related to the first mode based on the potential updates and the results of the channel and interference measurements.

[0225] In some exemplary embodiments, multiple candidate values ​​are determined for potential updates, and the terminal device 110 can further determine multiple results as channel state information by scaling the results of the channel state measurements using the multiple candidate values, respectively.

[0226] In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 110 may further perform at least one of the following: determining a virtual reference signal received power (RSRP) for the first mode based on the result and the potential transmit power of the transmission; determining a virtual signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) for the first mode based on the result and the potential transmit power of the transmission; determining a virtual rank indication (RI) for the first mode based on the result and the number of potential antenna ports for the transmission; determining a virtual precoding matrix indicator (PMI) for the first mode based on the result and the potential number of antenna ports for the transmission; or determining a virtual channel quality indicator (CQI) for the first mode based on the result and the potential number of transmit powers for the transmission.

[0227] In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 110 may further perform at least one of determining a channel state information reference signal resource indicator (CRI) in the first mode based on the number of active resources associated with the resource, or determining a synchronization signal-physical broadcast channel block resource indicator (SSBRI) in the first mode based on the number of active resources associated with the resource.

[0228] In some exemplary embodiments, the information further includes at least one of: allowing potential updates to characteristics associated with a first portion of the resources for channel measurements; or mitigating potential updates to characteristics associated with a second portion of the resources for interference measurements.

[0229] In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 110 may further determine a first criterion for beam failure detection in the first mode based on the potential update, where the first criterion is strengthened compared to a second criterion for beam failure detection in the second mode, and detect beam failure based on the first criterion.

[0230] In some exemplary embodiments, the information includes identification of a candidate beam for beam failure recovery, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device 110 to determine a third criterion for candidate beam selection in the first mode based on the potential update, where the third criterion is relaxed compared to a fourth criterion for candidate beam selection in the second mode, and to select a candidate beam from the plurality of candidate beams based on the third criterion.

[0231] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 further receives from network device 120 a second indication of a resource-related setting; determines whether a transmission characteristic is updated during the period; applies the setting at a second application timing in accordance with the determination that the characteristic is not updated; and applies the setting at a third application timing in accordance with the determination that the characteristic is updated, the third application timing being later than the second application timing.

[0232] 11 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1100 implemented in a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, the method 1100 will be described in terms of the network device 120 of FIG.

[0233] At block 1110, network device 120 transmits to terminal device 110 a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of network device 120. The potential update causes transmissions to be performed in a reduced manner in the first mode compared to a second mode of network device 120. The transmissions include at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements or interference measurements.

[0234] In block 1120, the network device 120 receives information from the terminal device 110 regarding the first mode, which information is obtained based on measurements regarding resources in the second mode and potential updates to be applied at the first application timing.

[0235] In some demonstrative embodiments, the characteristic comprises at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power set by the network device 120 to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by the network device 120 to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio between the first power and the second power; or a spatial element used by the network device 120 to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0236] In some exemplary embodiments, network device 120 may further transmit to terminal device 110 a third indication of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value for a potential update is enabled.

[0237] In some example embodiments, the resource is indicated via at least one of an identification of a bandwidth portion on which the resource is configured, an identification of a component carrier on which the resource is configured, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set on which the resource is configured, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission reception point associated with the resource.

[0238] In some exemplary embodiments, network device 120 may further receive capability information from terminal device 110 indicating at least one of a value range of a characteristic supported by terminal device 110 or a value range of a potential update to a characteristic supported by terminal device 110.

[0239] 12 shows a flowchart of a communication method 1200 implemented in terminal device 1100 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, method 1200 will be described from the perspective of terminal device 1100 of FIG.

[0240] At block 1210, terminal device 1100 receives a second indication of a configuration associated with a resource from network device 120. The resource is used for at least one of channel measurements or interference measurements.

[0241] In block 1220, terminal device 110 determines whether characteristics of a transmission have been updated during the period, the transmission including at least one of a reference signal transmission or a physical channel transmission associated with a resource, the updated characteristics causing the transmission to be performed in a reduced manner in the first mode of network device 120 compared to the second mode of network device 120.

[0242] If the characteristics have not been updated, the terminal device 110 applies the settings at a second application timing in block 1230. If the characteristics have been updated, the terminal device 110 applies the settings at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing in block 1240.

[0243] In some exemplary embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of a transmission configuration indicator state, a spatial relationship, or a path loss reference signal.

[0244] In some exemplary embodiments, the configuration configures a path loss reference signal, and the terminal device 110 may further determine the path loss from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 based on at least one of a one-time difference between the reference signal power measured at the resource and the reference signal received power, filtering of multiple differences between the reference signal power measured at the resource and multiple reference signal received powers, or multiple reference signal received powers measured at the resource after the characteristics have been updated.

[0245] In some exemplary embodiments, the characteristics comprise at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power set by network device 120 to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by network device 120 to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio of the first power to the second power; or a spatial element used by network device 120 to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0246] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further receive from network device 120 a first indication of a potential update to the characteristic, apply the potential update at a first application timing, and determine that the characteristic has been updated according to a determination that the first application timing is within the period.

[0247] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further determine, based at least on the first instruction, at least one candidate value for the potential update; and apply the potential update based on the at least one candidate value.

[0248] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further determine the absolute value indicated in the first indication as the first candidate value of the at least one candidate value.

[0249] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further determine a second candidate value for at least one candidate value based at least on the historical value of the property and the cumulative value indicated in the first instruction.

[0250] In some exemplary embodiments, the second candidate value is determined further based on a cumulative value indicated in at least one further indication received during a period prior to receipt of the first indication.

[0251] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further receive from network device 120 a third indication of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value is enabled.

[0252] In some example embodiments, the resource is indicated via at least one of an identification of a bandwidth portion on which the resource is configured, an identification of a component carrier on which the resource is configured, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set on which the resource is configured, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission reception point associated with the resource.

[0253] In some exemplary embodiments, terminal device 110 may further transmit capability information to network device 120 indicating at least one of a value range of a characteristic supported by terminal device 110 or a value range of a potential update to a characteristic supported by terminal device 110.

[0254] 13 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1300 implemented in a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, the method 1300 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 of FIG.

[0255] At block 1310, network device 120 sends to terminal device 110 a second indication of a configuration associated with a resource, the resource being used for at least one of channel measurement or interference measurement.

[0256] At block 1320, network device 120 determines whether characteristics of a transmission have been updated during the period, the transmission including at least one of a reference signal transmission or a physical channel transmission associated with the resource, the updated characteristics causing the transmission to be performed in a reduced manner in a first mode of network device 120 compared to a second mode of network device 120.

[0257] If the characteristics have not been updated, the network device 120 applies the settings at a second application timing in block 1330. If the characteristics have been updated, the network device 120 applies the settings at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing in block 1340.

[0258] In some exemplary embodiments, the configuration comprises at least one of a transmission configuration indicator state, a spatial relationship, or a path loss reference signal.

[0259] In some demonstrative embodiments, the characteristic comprises at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power set by the network device 120 to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by the network device 120 to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio between the first power and the second power; or a spatial element used by the network device 120 to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0260] In some exemplary embodiments, network device 120 may further send to terminal device 110 a first indication of a potential update to the characteristic and apply the potential update at a first application timing.

[0261] In some exemplary embodiments, network device 120 may further transmit to terminal device 110 a third indication of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value for a potential update is enabled.

[0262] In some example embodiments, the resource is indicated via at least one of an identification of a bandwidth portion on which the resource is configured, an identification of a component carrier on which the resource is configured, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set on which the resource is configured, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission reception point associated with the resource.

[0263] In some exemplary embodiments, network device 120 may further receive capability information from terminal device 110 indicating at least one of a value range of a characteristic supported by terminal device 110 or a value range of a potential update to a characteristic supported by terminal device 110.

[0264] Figure 14 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1400 suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1400 can be considered another exemplary implementation of any of the apparatuses shown in Figure 1. Thus, the apparatus 1400 can be implemented in, or at least as part of, the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.

[0265] As shown, the apparatus 1400 comprises a processor 1410, a memory 1420 coupled to the processor 1410, a suitable transmitter (TX) / receiver (RX) 1440 coupled to the processor 1410, and a communication interface coupled to the TX / RX 1440. The memory 1410 stores at least a portion of a program 1430. The TX / RX 1440 is for bidirectional communication. The TX / RX 1440 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, although in practice the access nodes referred to in this disclosure may have multiple antennas. The communication interface may represent any interface required for communication with other network elements, such as, for example, an X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communication between eNBs / gNBs, an S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and an eNB / gNB, an Un interface for communication between an eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN), or a Uu interface for communication between an eNB / gNB and a terminal device.

[0266] The program 1430 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1410, cause the device 1400 to operate in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, as described herein with reference to Figures 2-13. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1410 of the device 1400, by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1410 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the combination of the processor 1410 and the memory 1420 may form a processing means 1450 suitable for implementing various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0267] Memory 1420 may be of any type suitable for a local technology network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as, by way of non-limiting example, non-transitory computer-readable storage media, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and removable memory. While only one memory 1420 is shown in device 1400, device 1400 may have multiple physically distinct memory modules. Processor 1410 may be of any type suitable for a local technology network and may include, by way of non-limiting example, one or more of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Device 1400 may have multiple processors, such as application-specific integrated circuit chips that are time-slaved to a clock that synchronizes the main processor.

[0268] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal device is provided, comprising a circuit further configured to: receive from the network device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of a reference signal transmission and a physical channel transmission associated with a resource, the resource being used for at least one of a channel measurement and an interference measurement; obtain information about the first mode based on measurements on the resource in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing; and transmit the information about at least the first mode to the network device. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the circuit may be configured to perform any of the methods implemented by the terminal device as described above.

[0269] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a network device comprising a circuit, the circuit being further configured to: transmit to a terminal device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of a reference signal transmission and a physical channel transmission associated with a resource, the resource being used for at least one of a channel measurement and an interference measurement; and receive from the terminal device information related to the first mode, the information being obtained based on measurements of the resource in the second mode and the potential update to be applied at a first application timing. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the circuit may be configured to perform any of the methods implemented by the network device as described above.

[0270] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal device is provided, comprising a circuit further configured to: receive from the network device a second indication of a setting associated with a resource used for at least one of channel measurement and interference measurement; determine whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period of time, the transmissions including at least one of a reference signal transmission or a physical channel transmission associated with the resource, the updated characteristics causing transmissions to be performed in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; apply the setting at a second application timing according to the determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and apply the setting at a third application timing later than the second application timing according to the determination that the characteristics have been updated. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the circuit may be configured to perform any of the methods implemented by the terminal device as described above.

[0271] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a network device including a circuit, the circuit being further configured to: transmit to the terminal device a second indication of a setting associated with a resource used for at least one of channel measurement and interference measurement; determine whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period of time, the transmissions including at least one of a reference signal transmission or a physical channel transmission associated with the resource, the updated characteristics causing transmissions to be performed in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; apply the setting at a second application timing according to the determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and apply the setting at a third application timing later than the second application timing according to the determination that the characteristics have been updated. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the circuit may be configured to perform any of the methods implemented by the network device as described above.

[0272] The term "circuitry" as used in this disclosure may refer to a hardware circuit and / or a combination of a hardware circuit and software. For example, a circuit may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry and software / firmware. As another example, a circuit may be any portion of a hardware processor with software, where the hardware processor includes digital signal processor(s), software, and memory(s) that work together to cause a device, such as a terminal device or network device, to perform various functions. As yet another example, a circuit may be a hardware circuit and / or processor, such as a microprocessor or portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware to operate, but the software may not be present when not necessary for operation. As used in this disclosure, the term circuitry also includes simply a hardware circuit or processor(s) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor(s) and its (or their) associated software and / or firmware implementation.

[0273] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects:

[0274] In a first aspect, a terminal device is proposed that includes a processor, the processor being configured to cause the terminal device to: receive from the network device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions and physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; obtain information about the first mode based on measurements on the resources in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing; and transmit at least information about the first mode to the network device.

[0275] In some embodiments, the characteristics include at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power configured by the network device to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power configured by the network device to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio between the first power and the second power; and a spatial element configured by the network device to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0276] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine at least one candidate value for the potential update based on at least the first instruction, and apply the potential update based on the at least one candidate value.

[0277] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine the absolute value indicated in the first instruction as a first candidate value of the at least one candidate value.

[0278] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine a second candidate value of the at least one candidate value based on at least historical values ​​for the characteristic and the cumulative value indicated in the first instruction.

[0279] In some embodiments, the second candidate value is determined further based on a cumulative value indicated in at least one other indication received during a period prior to receipt of the first indication.

[0280] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to receive from the network device a third indication of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value is enabled.

[0281] In some embodiments, a resource is indicated by at least one of the following: an identification of a bandwidth portion that includes the resource, an identification of a component carrier that includes the resource, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set that includes the resource, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission / reception point associated with the resource.

[0282] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to transmit capability information to the network device indicating at least one of a value range for a characteristic supported by the terminal device and a value range for a potential update of the characteristic supported by the terminal device.

[0283] In some embodiments, the transmission includes a physical channel transmission, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to update any of the following to perform the transmission with the network device: a maximum layer of the physical channel for the physical channel transmission, a number of codewords for the physical channel transmission, use of one or more parameters indicated in the downlink control information for scheduling the physical channel transmission in transmission block 2, or a number of symbols of the demodulation reference signal for the physical channel transmission.

[0284] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further configured to perform channel and interference measurements on the resources and determine channel state information as at least part of the information related to the first mode based on the potential updates and results of the channel and interference measurements.

[0285] In some embodiments, multiple candidate values ​​are determined for the potential update, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: determine multiple results as channel state information by scaling the results of the channel state measurements using the multiple candidate values, respectively.

[0286] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further configured to perform at least one of: determining a virtual reference signal received power (RSRP) for the first mode based on the result and the potential transmit power of the transmission; determining a virtual signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) for the first mode based on the result and the potential transmit power of the transmission; determining a virtual rank indication (RI) for the first mode based on the result and the number of potential antenna ports for the transmission; determining a virtual precoding matrix indicator (PMI) for the first mode based on the result and the number of potential antenna ports for the transmission; and determining a virtual channel quality indicator (CQI) for the first mode based on the result and the potential transmit power of the transmission.

[0287] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further configured to perform at least one of: determining a channel state information reference signal resource indicator (CRI) in the first mode based on the number of active resources associated with the resource; and determining a synchronization signal-physical broadcast channel block resource indicator (SSBRI) in the first mode based on the number of active resources associated with the resource.

[0288] In some embodiments, the information further includes at least one of: allowing potential updates to characteristics associated with a first portion of the resources for channel measurements; and mitigating potential updates to characteristics associated with a second portion of the resources for interference measurements.

[0289] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further configured to determine a first criterion for beam failure detection in a first mode based on the potential update, the first criterion being stricter compared to a second criterion for beam failure detection in a second mode, and detect beam failure based on the first criterion.

[0290] In some embodiments, the information includes identification of a candidate beam for beam failure recovery, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine a third criterion for candidate beam selection in the first mode based on the potential update, the third criterion being relaxed compared to a fourth criterion for candidate beam selection in the second mode, and to select a candidate beam from the plurality of candidate beams based on the third criterion.

[0291] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further configured to receive from the network device a second indication of the settings associated with the resource, determine whether the characteristics of the transmission have been updated during the period, apply the settings at a second application timing in accordance with a determination that the characteristics have not been updated, and apply the settings at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing in accordance with a determination that the characteristics have been updated.

[0292] In a second aspect, a network device is proposed comprising a processor, the processor being configured to cause the network device to: transmit to a terminal device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmissions in a first mode of the network device, the potential update causing transmissions in the first mode to be performed in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions and physical channel transmissions associated with resources, the resources being used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; and receive from the terminal device information regarding the first mode, the information being obtained based on measurements of resources in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing.

[0293] In some embodiments, the characteristics include at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power set by the network device to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by the network device to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio between the first power and the second power; and a spatial element used by the network device to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0294] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the network device to send a third indication to the terminal device of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value for a potential update is enabled.

[0295] In some embodiments, a resource is indicated by at least one of the following: an identification of a bandwidth portion that includes the resource, an identification of a component carrier that includes the resource, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set that includes the resource, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission / reception point associated with the resource.

[0296] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the network device to receive capability information from the terminal device indicating at least one of a value range for a characteristic supported by the terminal device and a value range for a potential update of the characteristic supported by the terminal device.

[0297] In a third aspect, a terminal device is proposed that includes a processor, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: receive from a network device a second indication of settings associated with resources used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; determine whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resources, the updated characteristics causing the terminal device to perform transmissions in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; apply the settings at a second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and apply the settings at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have been updated.

[0298] In some embodiments, the configuration includes at least one of a transmission configuration indicator state, a spatial relationship, and a path loss reference signal.

[0299] In some embodiments, the configuration includes a path loss reference signal, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine a path loss from the network device to the terminal device based on at least one of a one-time difference between the reference signal power and a reference signal received power measured at the resource, filtering of multiple differences between the reference signal power and multiple reference signal received powers measured at the resource, and multiple reference signal received powers measured at the resource after the characteristics are updated.

[0300] In some embodiments, the characteristics include at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power set by the network device to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by the network device to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio between the first power and the second power; and a spatial element used by the network device to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0301] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to receive a first indication of a potential update to the characteristic from the network device, apply the potential update at a first application timing, and determine that the characteristic has been updated according to a determination that the first application timing is within a period.

[0302] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine at least one candidate value for the potential update based on at least the first instruction, and apply the potential update based on the at least one candidate value.

[0303] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine the absolute value indicated in the first instruction as a first candidate value of the at least one candidate value.

[0304] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to determine a second candidate value of the at least one candidate value based on at least historical values ​​for the characteristic and the cumulative value indicated in the first instruction.

[0305] In some embodiments, the second candidate value is determined further based on a cumulative value indicated in at least one other indication received during a period prior to receipt of the first indication.

[0306] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to receive from the network device a third indication of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value is enabled.

[0307] In some embodiments, a resource is indicated by at least one of the following: an identification of a bandwidth portion that includes the resource, an identification of a component carrier that includes the resource, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set that includes the resource, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission / reception point associated with the resource.

[0308] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to transmit capability information to the network device indicating at least one of a value range for a characteristic supported by the terminal device and a value range for a potential update of the characteristic supported by the terminal device.

[0309] In a fourth aspect, a network device is proposed comprising a processor, the processor being configured to cause the network device to: transmit to a terminal device a second indication of settings associated with resources used for at least one of channel measurements and interference measurements; determine whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resources, the updated characteristics causing the network device to perform transmissions in a first mode of the network device in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device; apply the settings at a second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have not been updated; and apply the settings at a third application timing that is later than the second application timing according to a determination that the characteristics have been updated.

[0310] In some embodiments, the configuration includes at least one of a transmission configuration indicator state, a spatial relationship, and a path loss reference signal.

[0311] In some embodiments, the characteristics include at least one of: resource availability in the first mode; a first power set by the network device to perform reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by the network device to perform physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio between the first power and the second power; and a spatial element used by the network device to perform transmission in the first mode.

[0312] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the network device to send a first instruction to the terminal device indicating a possibility of an update to the characteristic and apply the possibility of the update at a first application timing.

[0313] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the network device to send a third indication to the terminal device of whether an accumulation mode for determining at least one candidate value for a potential update is enabled.

[0314] In some embodiments, a resource is indicated by at least one of the following: an identification of a bandwidth portion that includes the resource, an identification of a component carrier that includes the resource, an identification of the resource, an identification of a resource set that includes the resource, an identification of a reporting configuration associated with the resource, or an identification of a transmission / reception point associated with the resource.

[0315] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the network device to receive capability information from the terminal device indicating at least one of a value range for a characteristic supported by the terminal device and a value range for a potential update of the characteristic supported by the terminal device.

[0316] In one aspect, a computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the above-described method implemented by the above-described terminal device.

[0317] In one aspect, a computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the above-described method implemented by the above-described network device.

[0318] In one aspect, a computer program comprising instructions that, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the above method implemented by the above terminal device.

[0319] In one aspect, a computer program comprising instructions that, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the above method implemented by the above network device.

[0320] In general, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software that may be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described using block diagrams, flowcharts, or some other pictorial representations, it should be understood that the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described in this disclosure may be implemented in, by way of non-limiting example, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller, or other computing device, or some combination thereof.

[0321] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions (e.g., computer-executable instructions included in program modules) that execute on a device by a target real or virtual processor to perform the processes or methods described above with reference to FIGS. 1-14. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split among program modules as desired in various embodiments. The machine-executable instructions for the program modules may be executed in local or distributed devices. In a distributed device, the program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.

[0322] Program code for implementing the methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, so that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code performs the functions / acts specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0323] The program code may be embodied in a machine-readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0324] Furthermore, although operations are described in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring such operations to be performed in the particular order shown, or sequentially, or that all of the operations shown be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain situations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the above description, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.

[0325] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological operations, it is to be understood that the present disclosure, which is limited to the appended claims, is not necessarily limited to the specific features or operations described above. Rather, the specific features and operations described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A terminal device including a processor, the processor comprising: receiving from the network device a first indication of a potential update to a characteristic of transmission in a first mode of the network device; the potential update causes the network device to perform the transmissions in the first mode in a reduced manner compared to a second mode, the transmissions including at least one of a reference signal transmission and a physical channel transmission associated with a resource, the resource being used for at least one of a channel measurement and an interference measurement; obtaining information about the first mode based on measurements on resources in the second mode and the potential update applied at a first application timing; transmitting the information regarding at least the first mode to the network device; a terminal device configured to cause the terminal device to perform the following:

2. The characteristics are: the availability of said resource in said first mode; a first power set by the network device to perform the reference signal transmission in the second mode; a second power set by the network device to perform the physical channel transmission in the first mode; a ratio of the first power to the second power; and a spatial element configured by the network device to perform the transmission in the first mode; at least one of:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

3. The processor: determining at least one candidate value for the potential update based at least on the first indication; applying the potential update based on the at least one candidate value; and The terminal device is further configured to:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

4. The processor: determining the absolute value indicated in the first indication as a first candidate value of the at least one candidate value; The terminal device is further configured to:

4. The apparatus of claim 3.

5. The processor: determining a second candidate value of the at least one candidate value based on at least historical values ​​for the characteristic and the cumulative value indicated in the first indication; The terminal device is further configured to:

5. The device according to claim 3 or 4.

6. the second candidate value is determined further based on a cumulative value indicated in at least one other indication received during a period prior to receipt of the first indication.

6. The apparatus of claim 5.

7. The processor: receiving a third indication from the network device of whether an accumulation mode for determining the at least one candidate value is enabled; The terminal device is further configured to:

4. The apparatus of claim 3.

8. The processor: a value range for the characteristic supported by the terminal device; and a value range for the potential update of the characteristic supported by the terminal device; transmitting capability information to the network device indicating at least one of: The terminal device is further configured to:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

9. performing channel and interference measurements on the resources; determining channel state information as at least part of the information related to the first mode based on the potential updates and results of the channel and interference measurements; The terminal device is further configured to:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

10. determining a virtual reference signal received power (RSRP) for the first mode based on the result and a potential transmit power of the transmission; determining a virtual signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) for the first mode based on the result and a potential transmit power of the transmission; determining a virtual rank indication (RI) for the first mode based on the result and the number of potential antenna ports for the transmission; determining a virtual precoding matrix indicator (PMI) for the first mode based on the result and the number of potential antenna ports for the transmission; and determining a virtual channel quality indicator (CQI) for the first mode based on the result and a potential transmit power of the transmission; and further configured to cause the terminal device to perform at least one of 10. The apparatus of claim 9.

11. determining a channel state information reference signal resource indicator (CRI) for the first mode based on a number of active resources associated with the resource; and determining a synchronization signal-physical broadcast channel block resource indicator (SSBRI) for the first mode based on a number of active resources associated with the resource; and further configured to cause the terminal device to perform at least one of 10. The apparatus of claim 9.

12. The information is allowing the potential update to the characteristics associated with a first portion of the resources for the channel measurements; and mitigating the potential updates to the characteristics associated with a second portion of the resources for the interference measurement; further comprising at least one of:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

13. determining a first criterion for beam obstruction detection in the first mode based on the potential update, the first criterion being stricter compared to a second criterion for beam obstruction detection in the second mode; Detecting a beam obstruction based on the first criterion; The terminal device is further configured to:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

14. The information includes identification of candidate beams for beam failure recovery, and the processor: determining a third criterion for candidate beam selection in the first mode based on the potential update, the third criterion being relaxed compared to a fourth criterion for candidate beam selection in the second mode; selecting the candidate beam from a plurality of candidate beams based on the third criterion; The terminal device is further configured to:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

15. receiving a second indication of a configuration associated with the resource from the network device; determining whether the characteristics of the transmission have been updated during a period of time; applying the setting at a second application timing in accordance with determining that the characteristic has not been updated; applying the setting at a third application timing later than the second application timing in accordance with determining that the characteristic has been updated; The terminal device is further configured to:

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

16. A network device comprising a processor, the processor comprising: transmitting to the terminal device a first indication of a potential update to characteristics of transmission in a first mode of the network device; the potential update causes the transmissions to be performed in the first mode in a reduced manner compared to a second mode of the network device, the transmissions including at least one of a reference signal transmission and a physical channel transmission associated with a resource, the resource being used for at least one of a channel measurement and an interference measurement; receiving information about the first mode from a terminal device, the information being obtained based on measurements of resources in the second mode and the potential update being applied at a first application timing; a network device configured to cause the network device to perform the following:

17. A terminal device including a processor, the processor comprising: receiving from the network device a second indication of a configuration associated with resources used for at least one of the channel measurements and the interference measurements; determining whether characteristics of transmissions have been updated during a period of time, the transmissions including at least one of reference signal transmissions or physical channel transmissions associated with the resource, the updated characteristics causing transmissions to be performed in a reduced manner in a first mode of the network device compared to a second mode of the network device; applying the setting at a second application timing in accordance with determining that the characteristic has not been updated; applying the setting at a third application timing later than the second application timing in accordance with determining that the characteristic has been updated; a terminal device configured to cause the terminal device to perform the following:

18. The setting is: Send setting indicator status, spatial relationships, and Path loss reference signal, at least one of:

18. The apparatus of claim 17.

19. The configuration includes the path loss reference signal, and the processor: the one-time difference between the reference signal power and the reference signal received power measured on the resource; filtering a plurality of differences between the reference signal power and a plurality of reference signal received powers measured on the resource; and a plurality of reference signal received powers measured in the resource after the characteristics are updated; determining a path loss from the network device to the terminal device based on at least one of: The terminal device is further configured to:

20. The apparatus of claim 18.

20. The processor: receiving a first indication of a potential update to the characteristic from a network device; applying the potential update at a first application timing; determining that the characteristic has been updated according to determining that the first application timing is within the time period; and The terminal device is further configured to:

18. The apparatus of claim 17.

Images