Planetary gear multi-speed transmission for bicycle, and bicycle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a planetary gear type multi-speed transmission for bicycles. The present invention proposes a planetary gear type multi-speed transmission for bicycles that realizes up to 14 gears. The present invention also relates to a bicycle having this multi-speed transmission.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a planetary gear type multi-speed transmission for a bicycle, and further to a bicycle having such a multi-speed transmission. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, a planetary gearbox for bicycles is known from DE 10 2020 206 299. The gearbox comprises four interconnected planetary gear sets, four brakes and four freewheel clutches, and provides 16 gears with a total gear ratio spread of approximately 260% in gear steps of approximately 6.5%. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The object of the present invention is to propose a multi-speed transmission and a bicycle equipped with this transmission, which realizes as efficiently as possible a higher overall spread of gear ratios than is the case with known multi-speed transmissions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter having the features of the independent claims. Advantageous claimed developments are evident from the dependent claims as well as the description and drawings.

[0005] Therefore, a planetary gear multi-speed transmission for a bicycle is proposed. The planetary gear multi-speed transmission has a transmission input shaft as a drive part, a transmission output shaft as a driven part, and four interconnected planetary gear sets. Four freewheel clutches and four brakes are provided to realize up to 13 gears. The bicycle is preferably designed as a bicycle with an electric (auxiliary) drive, such as a pedelec (electric pedal-assisted bicycle), e-bike, cargo bike, or velomobile. Alternatively, the bicycle can be designed as a bicycle that can be driven purely by muscle power.

[0006] To shift into first gear, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes are open and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction. To shift into second gear, the first brake is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes are open, the first freewheel clutch is in an overrunning state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction. To shift into third gear, the second brake is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes are open, the second freewheel clutch is in an overrunning state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction.

[0007] To shift into fourth gear, the first and second brakes are closed, the third and fourth brakes are open, the first and second freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state. To shift into alternate fourth gear, the third brake is closed, the first, second, and fourth brakes are open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in an overrun state. To shift into fifth gear, the first and third brakes are closed, the second and fourth brakes are open, the first and third freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state.

[0008] To shift into sixth gear, the first and fourth brakes are open, the second and third brakes are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction, and the second and third freewheel clutches are in an overrunning state. To shift into seventh gear, the first, second, and third brakes are closed, the fourth brake is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches are in an overrunning state, and the fourth freewheel clutch is in a locking direction. To shift into an alternate seventh gear, the first, second, and third brakes are open, the fourth brake is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches are in a locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch is in an overrunning state.

[0009] To shift into eighth gear, the first and fourth brakes are closed, the second and third brakes are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the second and third freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state. To shift into ninth gear, the first and third brakes are open, the second and fourth brakes are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state. To shift into tenth gear, the first, second, and fourth brakes are closed, the third brake is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the third freewheel clutch is in a locking direction state. To shift into an alternative tenth gear, V, the first and second brakes are open, the third and fourth brakes are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state.

[0010] To shift into 11th gear, the first, third, and fourth brakes are closed, the second brake is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the second freewheel clutch is in a locking direction state. To shift into 12th gear, the first brake is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes are closed, the first freewheel clutch is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state. To shift into 13th gear, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state.

[0011] The object of the present invention is also achieved by a planetary gear type multi-speed transmission for bicycles, which has a transmission input shaft as a drive part, a transmission output shaft as a driven part, and four interconnected planetary gear sets, with four freewheel clutches and four brakes to achieve a maximum of 14 gears.

[0012] To shift into first gear, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes are open and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction. To shift into second gear, the first brake is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes are open, the first freewheel clutch is in an overrunning state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction. To shift into third gear, the second brake is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes are open, the second freewheel clutch is in an overrunning state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction.

[0013] To shift into fourth gear, the first and second brakes are closed, the third and fourth brakes are open, the first and second freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state. To shift into alternate fourth gear, the third brake is closed, the first, second, and fourth brakes are open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in an overrun state. To shift into fifth gear, the first and third brakes are closed, the second and fourth brakes are open, the first and third freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction state.

[0014] To shift into sixth gear, the first and fourth brakes are open, the second and third brakes are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches are in a locking direction, and the second and third freewheel clutches are in an overrunning state. To shift into seventh gear, the first, second, and third brakes are closed, the fourth brake is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches are in an overrunning state, and the fourth freewheel clutch is in a locking direction. To shift into eighth gear, the first, second, and third brakes are open, the fourth brake is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches are in a locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch is in an overrunning state. To shift into ninth gear, the first and fourth brakes are closed, the second and third brakes are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrunning state, and the second and third freewheel clutches are in a locking direction.

[0015] To shift into 10th gear, the first and third brakes are open, the second and fourth brakes are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches are in the overrunning state. To shift into 11th gear, the first, second, and fourth brakes are closed, the third brake is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches are in the overrunning state, and the third freewheel clutch is in the locking direction. To shift into an alternative 11th gear, the first and second brakes are open, the third and fourth brakes are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches are in the locking direction, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches are in the overrunning state.

[0016] To shift into 12th gear, the first, third, and fourth brakes are closed, the second brake is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state, and the second freewheel clutch is in a locking direction state. To shift into 13th gear G13, the first brake is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes are closed, the first freewheel clutch is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state. To shift into 14th gear, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches are in an overrun state.

[0017] In the proposed multi-speed transmission with up to 14 gears, therefore, when changing gears to the next higher or next lower gear, up to three brakes must be opened and one brake closed simultaneously, or up to three brakes must be closed and one brake opened simultaneously. In contrast, in the proposed multi-speed transmission with up to 13 gears, when changing gears to the next higher or next lower gear, up to two brakes must be opened and one brake closed simultaneously, instead of three brakes, or up to two brakes must be closed and one brake opened simultaneously, instead of three brakes. This improves the quality of shift changes.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the individual gear sets are each designed as a minus planetary gear set, which results in a particularly space-saving arrangement. It is also conceivable that one or more of the individual gear sets are designed as a plus planetary gear set.

[0019] A minus planetary gear set can preferably be converted into a plus planetary gear set. In this case, the connections of the planet gear carrier and the internal gear are interchanged in this gear set, and the static transmission ratio is increased by one. A minus planetary gear set has planet gears rotatably supported on its planet gear carrier. The planet gears mesh with the sun gear and internal gear of this planet gear set. As a result, when the planet gear carrier is held stationary and the sun gear rotates, the internal gear rotates in the opposite direction to the sun gear's rotation direction. A plus planetary gear set has inner and outer planet gears rotatably supported on its planet gear carrier and meshing with each other. The sun gear of this planet gear set meshes with the inner planet gear, and the internal gear of this planet gear set meshes with the outer planet gear. As a result, when the planet gear carrier is held stationary and the sun gear rotates, the internal gear rotates in the same direction as the sun gear.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-speed transmission, the transmission input shaft is connected to the planet gear carrier of the first planetary gear set. The sun gear of the first planetary gear set is connected to the planet gear carrier of the second planetary gear set. The internal gear of the first planetary gear set is connectable with the internal gear of the second planetary gear set via a second freewheel clutch. The internal gear of the first planetary gear set is connected to the planet gear carrier of the third planetary gear set. The sun gear of the second planetary gear set is lockable via a first brake. The sun gear of the second planetary gear set is connectable to the transmission input shaft via the first freewheel clutch. The internal gear of the second planetary gear set is lockable via a second brake. The sun gear of the third planetary gear set is lockable via a third brake. The sun gear of the third planetary gear set is connectable with the internal gear of the third planetary gear set and the planet gear carrier of the fourth planetary gear set via a third freewheel clutch. The sun gear of the fourth planetary gear set is connected to the transmission output shaft. The internal gear of the fourth planetary gear set is lockable via a fourth brake. The internal gear of the fourth planetary gear set is connectable to the transmission output shaft via a fourth freewheel clutch.

[0021] Furthermore, for a preferred embodiment of the multi-speed transmission, regardless of the various gear designs, the first planetary gear set has a static transmission ratio of approximately -1.50, the second planetary gear set has a static transmission ratio of approximately -1.555, and the third planetary gear set has a static transmission ratio of approximately -1.50.

[0022] In a multi-speed transmission with up to 14 gears, the fourth planetary gear set has a static ratio of approximately -2.295.

[0023] In this way, a particularly efficient multi-speed transmission is possible with up to 14 gears for an overall gear ratio spread of approximately 920% in gear steps of approximately 18% to 19%, preferably 18.6%.

[0024] Furthermore, by deleting the last gear and / or the penultimate gear and / or the third to last gear, it is possible to realize at least one 11-gear design, at least one 12-gear design, and at least one 13-gear design, where the 11-gear design has an overall gear ratio spread of about 550%, while the 12-gear design has an overall gear ratio spread of about 650% and the 13-gear design has an overall gear ratio spread of about 770%.

[0025] In a multi-speed transmission with up to 13 gears, the fourth planetary gear set has a static ratio of approximately -1.778.

[0026] In this way, particularly efficient multi-speed transmissions are also possible with up to 13 gears for an overall gear ratio spread of approximately 770% in gear steps of approximately 18% to 19%, preferably 18.6%.

[0027] Furthermore, by eliminating the last and / or penultimate gear, it is possible to realize at least one 11-gear design and at least one 12-gear design, where the 11-gear design has an overall gear ratio spread of approximately 550%, while the 12-gear design has an overall gear ratio spread of approximately 650%.

[0028] Alternatively, a multi-speed transmission with up to 13 gears can be preferably equipped with four planetary gear sets with the same static ratio, e.g., -1.62, for cost-effective simplicity, which gives an overall gear ratio spread of about 685% with an average gear step of about 17.5%.

[0029] To enable electrical support in addition to the driver's muscular drive, the multi-speed transmission according to the present invention can be provided with at least one electric machine. The electric machine can be connected, for example, to the transmission input shaft, the transmission output shaft, and / or other shafts of the transmission directly or via one or more transmission stages, a chain, a toothed belt, etc. For this purpose, a shift element such as a freewheel clutch can be used, if necessary. This has the advantage that, during pedaling when the electric-mechanical drive is switched off, no drag torque is generated by the electric machine driven by pedaling. For example, when connected via a transmission stage, a lower gear ratio can be realized, if necessary.

[0030] The object of the present invention is also achieved by a bicycle, such as a pedelec, an e-bike, etc., having the above-mentioned multi-speed transmission, which provides the advantages already mentioned and further advantages.

[0031] The invention will now be further explained with reference to the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0032] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible gearset design for a multi-speed transmission according to the invention with four planetary gearsets to achieve up to 14 gears. [Figure 2] This is a shift diagram for the first 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 3] This is a shift diagram for the second 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 4] This is the shift diagram for the third 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 5] This is the shift diagram for the fourth 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 6] This is a shift diagram for the fifth 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 7] This is a shift diagram for the sixth 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 8] This is a shift diagram for the seventh 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 9] This is the shift diagram for the eighth 13-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 10] This is a shift diagram for the first 14-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 11] This is a shift diagram for the second 14-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 12] This is the shift diagram for the third 14-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. [Figure 13] This is the shift diagram for the fourth 14-gear design of the multi-speed transmission. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0033] In Figure 1, a possible gear set design for a multi-speed transmission according to the present invention is illustrated as a bottom bracket transmission of coaxial design using a bicycle 3. In Figures 2 to 13, various 13-gear designs and 14-gear designs with associated transmission ratios i, as well as gear steps phi and overall gear ratio spreads phiGes, are illustrated. Bicycle 3 is designed as a pedelec.

[0034] In the shift diagrams according to FIGS. 2 to 13, the individual states of the shift elements designated as brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 and freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are shown. For brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4, an empty box indicates an open or switched-off state, and a cross or X indicates a closed state. For freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4, an empty box indicates an overrun state, and a cross or X indicates a locking direction state. The overrun state or overrun state of the freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 means that the freewheel does not lock and therefore does not transmit torque. The freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 can be in overrun state when one of the elements connected to the freewheel rotates too fast for the freewheel to lock. A locked direction condition in the freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, F4 means that the freewheels are locked and therefore transmit torque.

[0035] The proposed multi-speed transmission can be used for a bicycle 3 or the like. The multi-speed transmission comprises a transmission input shaft 1 as the drive part, which in Figure 1 is designed for example as a pedal crankshaft, and a transmission output shaft 2 as the output part, which can be designed for example as a chain ring or a sprocket or a toothed belt wheel.

[0036] The multi-speed transmission includes four interconnected planetary gear sets RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, which are designed as minus planetary gear sets in Fig. 1. Furthermore, four freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, F4 and four brakes B1, B2, B3, B4 are provided to realize up to 14 gears V1, V2, V3, V4, V4A, V5, V6, V7, V7A, V8, V9, V10, V10A, V11, V12, V13 or G1, G2, G3, G4, G4A, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G11A, G12, G13, G14.

[0037] In detail, the bottom bracket transmission is configured as follows: the transmission input shaft 1 is connected to the planet gear carrier PT1 of the first planetary gear set RS1. The sun gear SR1 of the first planetary gear set RS1 is connected to the planet gear carrier PT2 of the second planetary gear set RS2. The internal gear HR1 of the first planetary gear set RS1 is connectable to the internal gear HR2 of the second planetary gear set RS2 via a second freewheel clutch F2. The internal gear HR1 of the first planetary gear set RS1 is connected to the planet gear carrier PT3 of the third planetary gear set RS3. The sun gear SR2 of the second planetary gear set RS2 is lockable via a first brake B1. The sun gear SR2 of the second planetary gear set RS2 is connectable to the transmission input shaft 1 via the first freewheel clutch F1. The internal gear HR2 of the second planetary gear set RS2 is lockable via a second brake B2. The sun gear SR3 of the third planetary gear set RS3 is lockable via a third brake B3. The sun gear SR3 of the third planetary gear set RS3 is connectable with the internal gear HR3 of the third planetary gear set RS3 and the planet gear carrier PT4 of the fourth planetary gear set RS4 via a third freewheel clutch F3. The sun gear SR4 of the fourth planetary gear set RS4 is connected to the transmission output shaft 2. The internal gear HR4 of the fourth planetary gear set RS4 is lockable via a fourth brake B4. The internal gear HR4 of the fourth planetary gear set RS4 is connectable with the transmission output shaft 2 via a fourth freewheel clutch F4.

[0038] In Figure 2, the first 13-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear V3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0039] To shift into fourth gear V4, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are closed, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are open, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in an overrun state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into fifth gear V5, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in an overrun state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into sixth gear V6, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in a locking direction state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in an overrun state.

[0040] To shift into seventh gear, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are closed, the fourth brake B4 is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the overrun operating state, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the locking direction. To shift into V8, the first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2 and B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2 and F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1 and B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2 and F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into tenth gear V10, the first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are closed, the third brake B3 is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in overrun operating states, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in the locking direction state.

[0041] To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in overrun operating states, and the second freewheel F2 is in a locking direction state. To shift into twelfth gear V12, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state. To shift into thirteenth gear V13, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state.

[0042] The second 13-gear design is illustrated in Figure 3 using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrunning operating state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear V3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrunning operating state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0043] To shift into fourth gear V4, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are closed, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are open, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in an overrun state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into fifth gear V5, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in an overrun state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into sixth gear V6, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in a locking direction state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in an overrun state.

[0044] To shift into seventh gear V7, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are closed, the fourth brake B4 is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the overrun operating state, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the locking direction. To shift into eighth gear V8, the first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2 and B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2 and F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1 and B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2 and F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift to the alternative tenth gear V10A, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are open, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in the locking direction state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0045] To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in overrun operating states, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in a locking direction state. To shift into twelfth gear V12, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state. To shift into thirteenth gear V13, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state.

[0046] The third 13-gear design is illustrated in Figure 4 using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0047] To shift into third gear V3, second brake B2 is closed, first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, second freewheel clutch F2 is in an overrun state, and first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into fourth gear V4, first and second brakes B1 and B2 are closed, third and fourth brakes B3 and B4 are open, first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in an overrun state, and third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into fifth gear V5, first and third brakes B1 and B3 are closed, second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are open, first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in an overrun state, and second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in a locking direction state.

[0048] To shift into sixth gear V6, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun state.To shift into alternative seventh gear V7A, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the overrun state.

[0049] To shift into eighth gear V8, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the locking direction.To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0050] To shift into tenth gear V10, the first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are closed, the third brake B3 is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in the locking direction. To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in the locking direction. To shift into twelfth gear V12, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in the locking direction, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into thirteenth gear V13, the first, second, third and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3 and B4 are closed and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 and F4 are in overrun operating states.

[0051] The fourth 13-gear design is illustrated in Figure 5 using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0052] To shift into third gear V3, second brake B2 is closed, first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, B4 are open, second freewheel clutch F2 is in an overrun operating state, and first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, F4 are in a locking direction state.To shift into fourth gear V4, first and second brakes B1, B2 are closed, third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are open, first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in an overrun operating state, and third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in a locking direction state.

[0053] To shift into fifth gear V5, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the locking direction.To shift into sixth gear V6, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun operating state.

[0054] To shift into alternative seventh gear V7A, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into eighth gear V8, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift to the alternative tenth gear V10A, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are open, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in the locking direction state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0055] To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in overrun operating states, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in a locking direction state. To shift into twelfth gear V12, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state. To shift into thirteenth gear V13, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state.

[0056] In Figure 6, the fifth 13-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear V3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0057] To shift into alternative fourth gear V4A, third brake B3 is closed, first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are open, first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in the locking direction, and third freewheel clutch F3 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into fifth gear V5, first and third brakes B1 and B3 are closed, second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are open, first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the overrun operating state, and second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the locking direction. To shift into sixth gear V6, first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are open, second and third brakes B2 and B3 are closed, first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into seventh gear V7, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, B3 are closed, the fourth brake B4 is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 are in overrun operating states, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the locking direction state.

[0058] To shift into eighth gear V8, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrun state. To shift into tenth gear V10, the first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B4 are closed, the third brake B3 is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F4 are in the overrun state, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in the locking direction. To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in the locking direction. To shift into twelfth gear V12, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in the locking direction, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into thirteenth gear V13, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0059] The sixth thirteen-gear design is illustrated in Figure 7 using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear V3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0060] To shift into alternative fourth gear V4A, third brake B3 is closed, first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are open, first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in the locking direction, and third freewheel clutch F3 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into fifth gear V5, first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the overrun operating state, and second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the locking direction. To shift into sixth gear V6, first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into seventh gear V7, the first, second and third brakes B1, B2, B3 are closed, the first, second and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 are in overrun operating states, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the locking direction state.

[0061] To shift into eighth gear V8, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrun state. To shift into alternative tenth gear V10A, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are open, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in the locking direction, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in the overrun state. To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in a locking direction state.

[0062] To shift into twelfth gear V12, first brake B1 is open, second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, first freewheel clutch F1 is in the locking direction state, and second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state.To shift into thirteenth gear V13, first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0063] In Figure 8, the seventh thirteen-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear V3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into the alternative fourth gear V4A, the third brake B3 is closed, the first, second and fourth brakes B1, B2 and B4 are open, the first, second and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2 and F4 are in the locking direction, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in the overrun operating state.

[0064] To shift into fifth gear V5, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the overrun state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the locking direction. To shift into sixth gear V6, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun state. To shift into alternative seventh gear V7A, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch is in the overrun state. To shift into eighth gear V8, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in an overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in a locking direction state.

[0065] To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrunning state. To shift into tenth gear V10, the first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B4 are closed, the third brake B3 is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F4 are in the overrunning state, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in the locking direction. To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, F4 are in the overrunning state, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in the locking direction. To shift into twelfth gear V12, first brake B1 is open, second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, first freewheel clutch F1 is in the locking direction state, and second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state.To shift into thirteenth gear V13, first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0066] In Figure 9, the eighth thirteen-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear V1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear V2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear V3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0067] To shift into alternate fourth gear V4A, third brake B3 is closed, first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are open, first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in the locking direction, and third freewheel clutch F3 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into fifth gear V5, first and third brakes B1 and B3 are closed, second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are open, first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the overrun operating state, and second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the locking direction. To shift into sixth gear V6, first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are open, second and third brakes B2 and B3 are closed, first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun operating state.

[0068] To shift into alternative seventh gear V7A, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into eighth gear V8, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into ninth gear V9, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0069] To shift into alternative tenth gear V10A, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are open, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in the locking direction, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into eleventh gear V11, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in the locking direction. To shift into twelfth gear V12, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in the locking direction, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into thirteenth gear V13, the first, second, third and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3 and B4 are closed and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 and F4 are in overrun operating states.

[0070] Despite the 13 different gear designs, the overall spread in gear ratios is approximately 770% or 7.7.

[0071] By eliminating twelfth gear V12 and thirteenth gear V13, an 11 gear design is possible from the shift diagrams of Figures 2-9. An overall gear ratio spread of approximately 550% or 5.5 is also shown in the shift diagrams.

[0072] A 12 gear design is also possible from the shift diagrams of Figures 2-9 by deleting the thirteenth gear V13. A total gear ratio spread of approximately 650% or 6.5 is also shown in the shift diagrams.

[0073] In Figure 10, the first 14-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear G1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear G2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear G3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0074] To shift into fourth gear G4, the first and second brakes B1 and B2 are closed, the third and fourth brakes B3 and B4 are open, the first and second freewheel clutches F1 and F2 are in an overrun state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3 and F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into fifth gear G5, the first and third brakes B1 and B3 are closed, the second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are open, the first and third freewheel clutches F1 and F3 are in an overrun state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2 and F4 are in a locking direction state. To shift into sixth gear G6, the first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are open, the second and third brakes B2 and B3 are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1 and F4 are in a locking direction state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2 and F3 are in an overrun state. To shift to seventh gear G7, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are closed, the fourth brake B4 is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in an overrun operating state, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in a locking direction state.

[0075] To shift into eighth gear G8, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into ninth gear G9, the first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2 and B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2 and F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into tenth gear G10, the first and third brakes B1 and B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2 and F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0076] To shift into eleventh gear G11, the first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are closed, the third brake B3 is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in overrun operating states, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in a locking direction state. To shift into twelfth gear G12, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in overrun operating states, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in a locking direction state. To shift into thirteenth gear G13, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state. To shift into the fourteenth gear G14, the first, second, third and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3 and B4 are closed and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 and F4 are in overrun operating states.

[0077] In Figure 11, the second 14-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear G1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear G2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear G3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0078] To shift into fourth gear G4, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are closed, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are open, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in an overrun operating state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in a locking direction state.To shift into fifth gear G5, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in an overrun operating state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in a locking direction state.

[0079] To shift into sixth gear G6, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into seventh gear G7, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, B3 are closed, the fourth brake B4 is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 are in the overrun operating state, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the locking direction. To shift into eighth gear G8, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into ninth gear G9, the first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2, B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in an overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in a locking direction state.

[0080] To shift into tenth gear G10, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrun state. To shift into alternative eleventh gear G11A, the first and second brakes B1, B2 are open, the third and fourth brakes B3, B4 are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches F1, F2 are in the locking direction, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3, F4 are in the overrun state. To shift into twelfth gear G12, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, F4 are in the overrun state, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in the locking direction. To shift into thirteenth gear G13, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state.To shift into fourteenth gear G14, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state.

[0081] In Figure 12, the third 14-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear G1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear G2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear G3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0082] To shift into alternate fourth gear G4A, third brake B3 is closed, first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are open, first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in the locking direction, and third freewheel clutch F3 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into fifth gear G5, first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the overrun operating state, and second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the locking direction. To shift into sixth gear G6, first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into seventh gear G7, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, B3 are closed, the fourth brake B4 is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 are in overrun operating states, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the locking direction.

[0083] To shift into eighth gear G8, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the overrun operating state. To shift into ninth gear G9, the first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2 and B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2 and F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into tenth gear G10, the first and third brakes B1 and B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2 and B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2 and F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into eleventh gear G11, the first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are closed, the third brake B3 is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in an overrun operating state, and the third freewheel clutch F3 is in a locking direction state.

[0084] To shift into 12th gear G12, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in overrun operating states, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in a locking direction state. To shift into 13th gear G13, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state. To shift into 14th gear G14, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are closed, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in an overrun operating state.

[0085] In Figure 13, the fourth 14-gear design is illustrated using a shift diagram. To shift into first gear G1, the first, second, third, and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are open, and the first, second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into second gear G2, the first brake B1 is closed, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are open, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in its overrun state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction. To shift into third gear G3, the second brake B2 is closed, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1, B3, and B4 are open, the second freewheel clutch F2 is in its overrun state, and the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, and F4 are in their locking direction.

[0086] To shift into alternate fourth gear G4A, third brake B3 is closed, first, second, and fourth brakes B1, B2, and B4 are open, first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F4 are in the locking direction, and third freewheel clutch F3 is in the overrunning operating state. To shift into fifth gear G5, first and third brakes B1, B3 are closed, second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are open, first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the overrunning operating state, and second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the locking direction. To shift into sixth gear G6, first and fourth brakes B1, B4 are open, second and third brakes B2, B3 are closed, first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the locking direction, and second and third freewheel clutches F2, F3 are in the overrunning operating state.

[0087] To shift into seventh gear G7, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are closed, the fourth brake B4 is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the overrun state, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the locking direction. To shift into eighth gear G8, the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3 are open, the fourth brake B4 is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches F1, F2, and F3 are in the locking direction, and the fourth freewheel clutch F4 is in the overrun state. To shift into ninth gear G9, the first and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are closed, the second and third brakes B2 and B3 are open, the first and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F4 are in the overrun state, and the second and third freewheel clutches F2 and F3 are in the locking direction. To shift into tenth gear G10, the first and third brakes B1, B3 are open, the second and fourth brakes B2, B4 are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches F1, F3 are in the locking direction state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F4 are in the overrun operating state.

[0088] To shift into the alternative 11th gear G11A, the first and second brakes B1 and B2 are open, the third and fourth brakes B3 and B4 are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches F1 and F2 are in the locking direction, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches F3 and F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into the 12th gear G12, the first, third, and fourth brakes B1 and B4 are closed, the second brake B2 is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F3, F4 are in the overrun operating state, and the second freewheel clutch F2 is in the locking direction. To shift into the 13th gear G13, the first brake B1 is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes B2, B3, and B4 are closed, the first freewheel clutch F1 is in the locking direction, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches F2, F3, F4 are in the overrun operating state. To shift into the fourteenth gear G14, the first, second, third and fourth brakes B1, B2, B3 and B4 are closed and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches F1, F2, F3 and F4 are in overrun operating states.

[0089] Despite the 14 different gear designs, the overall spread in gear ratios is approximately 920% or 9.2.

[0090] By eliminating twelfth gear V12, thirteenth gear V13, and fourteenth gear V14, an eleven-gear design is possible from the shift diagrams of Figures 10-13. An overall gear ratio spread of approximately 550% or 5.5 is also shown in the shift diagrams.

[0091] A 12 gear design is also possible from the shift diagrams of Figures 10-13 by eliminating thirteenth gear V13 and fourteenth gear V14. A total gear ratio spread of approximately 650% or 6.5 is also shown in the shift diagrams.

[0092] A 13 gear design is also possible from the shift diagrams of Figures 10-13 by deleting the 14th gear V14. A total gear ratio spread of approximately 770% or 7.7 is also shown in the shift diagrams. [Explanation of symbols]

[0093] 1. Transmission input shaft or bottom bracket crankshaft 2 Transmission output shaft 3. Bicycle B1 First brake B2 Second brake B3 Third brake B4 4th brake F1 1st freewheel clutch F2 Second freewheel clutch F3 Third freewheel clutch F4 4th freewheel clutch G1 / V1 1st gear G2 / V2 2nd gear G3 / V3 3rd gear G4 / V4 4th gear G4A / V4A Alternative 4th Gear G5 / V5 5th gear G6 / V6 6th gear G7 / V7 7th gear V7A Alternative 7th Gear G8 / V8 8th gear G9 / V9 9th Gear G10 / V10 10th gear V10A Alternative 10th gear G11 / V11 11th gear G11A Alternative 11th Gear G12 / V12 12th gear G13 / V13 13th gear G14 14th gear HR1 Internal gear of first planetary gear set HR2 Internal gear of second planetary gear set HR3 Internal gear of third planetary gear set HR4 Internal gear of fourth planetary gear set PT1 Planet gear carrier of first planetary gear set PT2 Planet gear carrier for second planetary gear set PT3 Planet gear carrier for third planetary gear set PT4 Planet gear carrier for fourth planetary gear set SR1 Sun gear of first planetary gear set SR2 Sun gear of second planetary gear set SR3 Sun gear of third planetary gear set SR4 Sun gear of 4th planetary gear set RS1 1st planetary gear set RS2 2nd planetary gear set RS3 3rd planetary gear set RS4 4th planetary gear set i Gear ratio phi gear step or step between gears phiGes Overall gear ratio spread

Claims

1. A planetary gear type multi-speed transmission for a bicycle, comprising a transmission input shaft (1) as a drive unit, a transmission output shaft (2) as a driven unit, and four interconnected planetary gear sets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4), and provided with four freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3, F4) and four brakes (B1, B2, B3, B4) to realize a maximum of thirteen gears (V1, V2, V3, V4, V4A, V5, V6, V7, V7A, V8, V9, V10, V10A, V11, V12, V13), To shift into the first gear (V1), the first, second, third and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B3, B4) are open and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3, F4) are in the locking direction; To shift to the second gear V2, the first brake (B1) is closed, the second, third and fourth brakes (B2, B3, B4) are open, the first freewheel clutch (F1) is in an overrun operating state, and the second, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F3, F4) are in a locking direction state; To shift to the third gear (V3), the second brake (B2) is closed, the first, third and fourth brakes (B1, B3, B4) are open, the second freewheel clutch (F2) is in an overrun operating state, and the first, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F3, F4) are in a locking direction state; To shift into fourth gear (V4), the first and second brakes (B1, B2) are closed, the third and fourth brakes (B3, B4) are open, the first and second freewheel clutches (F1, F2) are in an overrun operating state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches (F3, F4) are in a locking direction state; or to shift into alternative fourth gear (V4A), the third brake B3 is closed, the first, second, and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B4) are open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F4) are in a locking direction state, and the third freewheel clutch (F3) is in an overrun operating state; To shift to the fifth gear (V5), the first and third brakes (B1, B3) are closed, the second and fourth brakes (B2, B4) are opened, the first and third freewheel clutches (F1, F3) are in an overrun operating state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F4) are in a locking direction state; To shift to the sixth gear (V6), the first and fourth brakes (B1, B4) are open, the second and third brakes (B2, B3) are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F4) are in a locking direction state, and the second and third freewheel clutches (F2, F3) are in an overrun operating state. To shift into seventh gear (V7), the first, second, and third brakes (B1, B2, B3) are closed, the fourth brake (B4) is open, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3) are in an overrun operating state, and the fourth freewheel clutch (F4) is in a locking direction state; or to shift into alternative seventh gear (V7A), the first, second, and third brakes (B1, B2, B3) are open, the fourth brake (B4) is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3) are in a locking direction state, and the fourth freewheel clutch (F4) is in an overrun operating state; To shift to the eighth gear (V8), the first and fourth brakes (B1, B4) are closed, the second and third brakes (B2, B3) are opened, the first and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F4) are in an overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches (F2, F3) are in a locking direction state; To shift to the ninth gear (V9), the first and third brakes (B1, B3) are open, the second and fourth brakes (B2, B4) are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches (F1, F3) are in a locking direction state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F4) are in an overrun operating state. To shift into tenth gear (V10), the first, second, and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B4) are closed, the third brake (B3) is open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F4) are in an overrun operating state, and the third freewheel clutch (F3) is in a locking direction state; or to shift into an alternative tenth gear (V10A), the first and second brakes (B1, B2) are open, the third and fourth brakes (B3, B4) are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches (F1, F2) are in a locking direction state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches (F3, F4) are in an overrun operating state; To shift to the eleventh gear (V11), the first, third and fourth brakes (B1, B3, B4) are closed, the second brake (B2) is open, the first, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F3, F4) are in an overrun operating state, and the second freewheel (F2) is in a locking direction state; To shift to the twelfth gear (V12), the first brake (B1) is open, the second, third and fourth brakes (B2, B3, B4) are closed, the first freewheel clutch (F1) is in a locking direction state, and the second, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F3, F4) are in an overrun operating state; To shift into thirteenth gear (V13), the first, second, third and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B3, B4) are closed and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3, F4) are in overrun operating states.

2. A planetary gear type multi-speed transmission for a bicycle, comprising a transmission input shaft (1) as a drive unit, a transmission output shaft (2) as a driven unit, and four interconnected planetary gear sets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4), and provided with four freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3, F4) and four brakes (B1, B2, B3, B4) to achieve a maximum of one gear (G1, G2, G3, G4, G4A, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G11A, G12, G13, G14), To shift into the first gear (G1), the first, second, third and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B3, B4) are open, and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3, F4) are in a locking direction state; To shift to the second gear (G2), the first brake (B1) is closed, the second, third and fourth brakes (B2, B3, B4) are open, the first freewheel clutch (F1) is in an overrun operating state, and the second, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F3, F4) are in a locking direction state; To shift to the third gear (G3), the second brake (B2) is closed, the first, third and fourth brakes (B1, B3, B4) are open, the second freewheel clutch (F2) is in an overrun operating state, and the first, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F3, F4) are in a locking direction state; To shift into fourth gear (G4), the first and second brakes (B1, B2) are closed, the third and fourth brakes (B3, B4) are open, the first and second freewheel clutches (F1, F2) are in an overrun operating state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches (F3, F4) are in a locking direction state; or to shift into alternative fourth gear (G4A), the third brake (B3) is closed, the first, second, and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B4) are open, the first, second, and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F4) are in a locking direction state, and the third freewheel clutch (F3) is in an overrun operating state; To shift to the fifth gear (G5), the first and third brakes (B1, B3) are closed, the second and fourth brakes (B2, B4) are opened, the first and third freewheel clutches (F1, F3) are in an overrun operating state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F4) are in a locking direction state; To shift to the sixth gear (G6), the first and fourth brakes (B1, B4) are open, the second and third brakes (B2, B3) are closed, the first and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F4) are in a locking direction state, and the second and third freewheel clutches (F2, F3) are in an overrun operating state. To shift into the seventh gear (G7), the first, second and third brakes (B1, B2, B3) are closed, the fourth brake (B4) is open, the first, second and third freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3) are in overrun operating states, and the fourth freewheel clutch (F4) is in the locking direction; To shift to the eighth gear (G8), the first, second, and third brakes (B1, B2, B3) are open, the fourth brake (B4) is closed, the first, second, and third freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3) are in a locking direction state, and the fourth freewheel clutch (F4) is in an overrun operating state; To shift to the ninth gear (G9), the first and fourth brakes (B1, B4) are closed, the second and third brakes (B2, B3) are opened, the first and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F4) are in an overrun operating state, and the second and third freewheel clutches (F2, F3) are in a locking direction state; To shift to the tenth gear (G10), the first and third brakes (B1, B3) are open, the second and fourth brakes (B2, B4) are closed, the first and third freewheel clutches (F1, F3) are in a locking direction state, and the second and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F4) are in an overrun operating state. To shift into eleventh gear (G11), the first, second and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B4) are closed, the third brake (B3) is open, the first, second and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F4) are in an overrun operating state, and the third freewheel clutch (F3) is in a locking direction state; or to shift into an alternative eleventh gear (G11A), the first and second brakes (B1, B2) are open, the third and fourth brakes (B3, B4) are closed, the first and second freewheel clutches (F1, F2) are in a locking direction state, and the third and fourth freewheel clutches (F3, F4) are in an overrun operating state; To shift to the twelfth gear (G12), the first, third, and fourth brakes (B1, B3, B4) are closed, the second brake (B2) is open, the first, third, and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F3, F4) are in an overrun operating state, and the second freewheel clutch (F2) is in a locking direction state; To shift to the thirteenth gear (G13), the first brake (B1) is open, the second, third, and fourth brakes (B2, B3, B4) are closed, the first freewheel clutch (F1) is in a locking direction state, and the second, third, and fourth freewheel clutches (F2, F3, F4) are in an overrun operating state; To shift into fourteenth gear (G14), the first, second, third and fourth brakes (B1, B2, B3, B4) are closed and the first, second, third and fourth freewheel clutches (F1, F2, F3, F4) are in overrun operating states.

3. 3. The multi-speed transmission according to claim 1 or 2, The transmission input shaft (1) is connected to the planet gear carrier (PT1) of the first planetary gear set (RS1), The sun gear (SR1) of the first planetary gear set (RS1) is connected to the planet gear carrier (PT2) of the second planetary gear set (RS2), the internal gear (HR1) of the first planetary gear set (RS1) is connectable with the internal gear (HR2) of the second planetary gear set (RS2) via a second freewheel clutch (F2); The internal gear (HR1) of the first planetary gear set (RS1) is connected to the planet gear carrier (PT3) of the third planetary gear set (RS3), the sun gear (SR2) of the second planetary gear set (RS2) is lockable via a first brake (B1); The sun gear (SR2) of the second planetary gear set (RS2) is connectable to the transmission input shaft (1) via a first freewheel clutch (F1); the internal gear (HR2) of the second planetary gear set (RS2) is lockable via a second brake (B2); the sun gear (SR3) of the third planetary gear set (RS3) is lockable via a third brake (B3); the sun gear (SR3) of the third planetary gear set (RS3) is connectable with the internal gear (HR3) of the third planetary gear set (RS3) and the planet gear carrier (PT4) of the fourth planetary gear set (RS4) via a third freewheel clutch (F3); The sun gear (SR4) of the fourth planetary gear set (RS4) is connected to the transmission output shaft (2), the internal gear (HR4) of the fourth planetary gear set (RS4) is lockable via a fourth brake (B4); A multi-speed transmission, characterized in that the internal gear (HR4) of the fourth planetary gear set (RS4) is connectable to the transmission output shaft (2) via a fourth freewheel clutch (F4).

4. 4. A multi-speed transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that the first planetary gear set (RS1) has a static speed ratio of approximately -1.50, the second planetary gear set (RS2) has a static speed ratio of approximately -1.555, and the third planetary gear set (RS3) has a static speed ratio of approximately -1.

50.

5. A multi-speed transmission according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the fourth planetary gear set (RS4) has a static transmission ratio of approximately -1.

778.

6. 6. A multi-speed transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one 13-gear design is feasible with a total gear ratio spread of approximately 770%.

7. A multi-speed transmission according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that the fourth planetary gear set (RS4) has a static transmission ratio of approximately -2.

295.

8. 8. A multi-speed transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one 14-gear design is feasible with a total gear ratio spread of approximately 920%.

9. A multi-speed transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the four planetary gear sets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4) have the same static speed ratio.

10. 10. The multi-speed transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the multi-speed transmission is designed as a bottom bracket transmission with planetary gear sets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4) arranged coaxially with one another, and the transmission input shaft (1) is designed as a central bottom bracket crankshaft.

11. A multi-speed transmission according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided with at least one electric machine.

12. A bicycle (3) having a multi-speed transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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