Organic nucleotide composition that can be stored at room temperature and method for producing the same

Abstract

Compositions and methods for improving the solubility and stability of organic nucleotide materials through microencapsulation technology. A method for producing an organic nucleotide compound that is storable at room temperature in a more water-soluble form, wherein the more soluble form is provided in liquid and / or powder form. The method utilizes a colloidal dispersion solution comprising water, polysaccharides, organic nucleotides, and optionally a surfactant. A method for producing a storable composition comprising at least one organic nucleotide composition may involve combining water, a surfactant, polysaccharides, and ATP to form a mixed colloidal dispersion. The method may include heating the mixed dispersion and running the dispersion under moderate shear, wherein the colloidal dispersion provides improved storability for the target nucleotide in its water-soluble form.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to compositions and methods for improving the solubility and stability of organic nucleotide materials using microencapsulation technology. More specifically, this disclosure relates to methods for formulating products containing adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) disodium in an environment that allows for storage at room temperature, even after high-temperature treatment under neutral and acidic conditions. [Background technology]

[0002] Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that plays a vital role in supplying energy for various biological processes within cells. ATP is a nucleotide composed of an adenine nitrogenous base, ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. ATP plays functional roles in cellular metabolism, neurotransmission, muscle contraction, cardiac function, platelet formation, vasodilation, and hepatic glycogen metabolism.

[0003] In recent years, researchers have become increasingly interested in the instability of ATP, particularly in solutions where it is stored or transported. When ATP becomes unstable, it can decompose and lose its ability to supply energy for cellular processes. Specifically, like many organic compounds with biological benefits, ATP is not completely stable or soluble in water after exposure to heat and / or acid. In solid form, ATP disodium salt is very stable and shows little to no signs of degradation under normal conditions, except when exposed to high humidity and heat. However, in aqueous solutions, ATP decomposes via hydrolysis into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). While the solubility of ATP can increase with lower pH and higher temperature, these environmental parameters significantly reduce the stability of ATP.

[0004] Studies have shown that oral administration of ATP may lead to increased muscle mass, strength, and endurance. Therefore, it is desirable to manufacture shelf-stable ATP compositions made only from generally recognized safe (GRAS) ingredients. Specifically, sports drinks can be formulated with supplemental ATP to enable improved athletic performance and support muscle recovery. However, traditional foods and beverages containing ATP are not suitable for long-term shelf life at room temperature because ATP naturally hydrolyzes to ADP or AMP.

[0005] However, conventional methods for improving the shelf stability of ATP are based on the use of components not considered safe for use in food. Complex coacervation methods and structures are being evaluated and developed to provide a protective barrier for ATP that is specific to a particular pH range.

[0006] For example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009 / 0143348 (Patent No. 348) describes a method for producing a biocompatible polysaccharide gel composition with sustained-release properties. The method described in Patent No. 348 utilizes several components that are unsuitable for food use and only suitable for biomedical or pharmaceutical applications. Furthermore, for example, U.S. Patent No. 9,661,870 (Patent No. 870) describes a nanogel composed of polysaccharides, but does not mention any polysaccharides other than soluble soy polysaccharides. Moreover, Patent No. 870 does not mention the improved shelf life of organic nucleotides at room temperature through microencapsulation in food-grade products. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] Based on the above, this specification discloses compositions and methods for improving the solubility and stability of organic nucleotide materials through microencapsulation technology.

[0008] Non-limiting and non-exclusive embodiments of this disclosure are described with reference to the following drawings. In the drawings, similar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various drawings unless otherwise specified. The merits of this disclosure will be better understood with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the chemical composition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the chemical composition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the chemical reaction showing the hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). [Figure 4] This is a schematic block diagram of the process flow for producing microencapsulated formulations to improve the shelf life of organic nucleotides at room temperature. [Figure 5] Figure 4 shows a graph illustrating unexpectedly good results in improving the shelf life of organic nucleotides at room temperature through food-grade microencapsulation. [Figure 6] This is a schematic block diagram of the process flow for producing microencapsulated formulations to improve the shelf life of organic nucleotides at room temperature. [Figure 7] Figure 6 shows a graph illustrating unexpectedly good results in improving the shelf life of organic nucleotides at room temperature through food-grade microencapsulation. [Figure 8] This is a schematic diagram of an example of a coacervation microencapsulation of polysaccharides and surfactants for protecting organic nucleotides. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram of an example of a polysaccharide coacervation microencapsulation for protecting organic nucleotides. [Figure 10] This is a schematic flowchart of a method for producing a composition that improves the shelf life of organic nucleotides at room temperature through microencapsulation.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0010] This specification discloses compositions, systems, and methods for improving the solubility and stability of organic nucleotide materials via microencapsulation technology. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for extending the room temperature storage viability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) even after high heat treatment under neutral and acidic conditions. This specification discloses compositions and methods related to coacervate microgel encapsulation and techniques for protecting water-soluble organic nucleotide compositions from harsh conditions such as pH and high temperature treatment.

[0011] Specifically, compositions and methods for preparing microencapsulation for bioactive molecules such as one or more of one or more of ATP, sodium ATP salt, L-theanine, L-glutamine, taurine, β-alanine, or carnitine are described herein. The microencapsulated materials described herein improve the room temperature storage viability of organic nucleotides. In particular, the microencapsulated materials described herein are effective in preventing ATP from hydrolyzing to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in the presence of water. Since the compositions and methods described herein use only generally recognized as safe (GRAS) food-grade materials, the microencapsulated organic nucleotides described herein can be utilized in foods such as beverages, gelatin, and other foods.

[0012] The compositions described herein are prepared for human and animal consumption. Food-grade ingredients are often prone to decomposition under high temperature treatment conditions, including, for example, hot fill processing, high temperature short time (HTST) sterilization, or ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment. However, the microencapsulation methods and compositions described herein are provided to withstand high temperature treatment and extreme pH conditions while still using only food-grade ingredients.

[0013] Since ATP serves as a major energy source for cells in the body and also plays an important role in many physiological processes including muscle contraction, nerve impulses, and metabolism, it may be desirable to supplement additional ATP. The supplementation of ATP has been associated with improved athletic performance, increased muscle mass, improved recovery, enhanced cognitive function, and improved cardiovascular health. The supplementation of ATP helps to improve energy levels, delay fatigue, and enhance endurance during high-intensity exercise. This is thought to be because ATP is the major energy source required for muscle contraction. Furthermore, studies have suggested that the supplementation of ATP leads to an increase in muscle mass and strength by promoting muscle protein synthesis. The supplementation of ATP is also known to assist in muscle strength recovery by reducing muscle damage and inflammation.

[0014] The potential benefits of oral ATP supplementation are shown in U.S. Patent No. 7,629,329 B2, which discloses that oral administration of ATP can result in an improvement in muscle mass and strength. Studies have shown that oral administration of the disodium salt of ATP can improve plasma concentrations of ATP for up to 2 hours after administration. Another study showed that the Wingate endurance testing methodology demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in muscle strength recovery in subjects who ingested a tablet form of the disodium salt of ATP in the range of 90 - 120 minutes. Other investigations have shown that the ATP content of red blood cells (RBC) and plasma is equivalent between intravenous and oral administration, while being dose-dependent. Finally, oral ingestion of ATP is presumed to function via increased blood flow, increased muscle excitability, and anabolic signaling.

[0015] Several compositions described herein rely on microencapsulation to protect organic nucleotides from degradation due to hydrolysis, extreme pH, or high-temperature processing. The systems and methods described herein provide effective means for preparing self-assembled delivery systems targeting organic nucleotides such as ATP. The methods and compositions described herein reduce the chemical degradation of organic nucleotides under extreme pH and high-temperature conditions. The microencapsulated components described herein are prepared for application in beverages (including acidic and neutral beverages), ready-to-mix powders, gels, gummies, jelly beans, nutrition bars, functional foods, tablets, capsules, intravenous fluids, intramuscular fluids, films, and others.

[0016] In the following description of this disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this specification and illustrate in practical terms specific embodiments in which this disclosure may be carried out. It will be understood that other embodiments are available and that structural modifications may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0017] Before disclosing and describing structures, systems, methods, and compositions for improving the solubility and stability of organic nucleotide materials through microencapsulation technology, it should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the structures, configurations, process steps, and materials disclosed herein, as such structures, configurations, process steps, and materials may vary to some extent. It should also be understood that the scope of this disclosure is limited, if any, only by the appended claims and their equivalents, and that the terms used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments.

[0018] In describing and asserting the subject matter of this disclosure, the following terms shall be used in accordance with the definitions set forth below.

[0019] As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” “characterized by,” and their grammatical synonyms are inclusive or open terms that do not exclude additional, undescribed elements or methodological steps.

[0020] As used herein, the phrase "consisting of" and its grammatical synonyms exclude any elements, steps, or components not explicitly stated in the claims.

[0021] As used herein, the phrase "essentially derived from" and its grammatical synonyms limit the scope of the claims to such an extent that they do not substantially affect the specified components, materials, or steps, and one or more fundamental and novel properties of the claimed disclosure.

[0022] As used herein, “effective amount” means the amount of an ingredient or component of a product that is non-toxic and sufficient to provide the desired effect and performance in a reasonable risk-benefit ratio associated with any dietary supplement or product.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0024] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments are given in detail. These embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar parts. It should be further noted that the elements disclosed in relation to embodiments are not limited to the embodiments in which they are described. For example, elements described in relation to one embodiment or drawing may be included in alternatively in another embodiment or drawing, whether or not those elements are illustrated or described in another embodiment or drawing. In other words, elements in the drawings may be interchangeable between the various embodiments disclosed herein, whether or not they are illustrated.

[0025] Referring here to the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are the chemical formulas of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Figure 1 shows ATP 100, which has a hydroxyl functional group (having the chemical formula OH and containing one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom). Figure 2 shows ATP disodium salt 200, which contains two sodium molecules attracted to the two oxygen molecules of the triphosphate group. As discussed herein, ATP 100 and ATP disodium salt 200 may be called ATP 100 and ATP 200, respectively.

[0026] ATP100 and ATP disodium salt 200 each contain a triphosphate group 102. In the hydroxyl configuration shown in Figure 1, the triphosphate group 102 contains four hydroxyl groups. In the disodium salt configuration shown in Figure 2, the triphosphate group 202 contains two hydroxyl groups and two sodium anions. ATP100 and ATP disodium salt 200 further contain ribose sugar 104 and adenine 106 molecules.

[0027] ATP100 and ATP disodium salt 200 consist of adenine 106 bonded to the carbon atom at the 1' position of ribose 104 via its nitrogen atom at position 9, and ribose 104 bonded to triphosphate groups 102 and 202 at the carbon atom at the 5' position of the sugar. In many metabolic reactions, the adenine 106 and ribose sugar 104 groups remain unchanged, while the triphosphate groups 102 and 202 are converted to diphosphates to produce adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or to monophosphates to produce adenosine monophosphate (AMP). The three phosphoryl groups are classified as alpha, beta, and gamma for the terminal phosphate. In neutral solution, ionized ATP100 is mostly ATP 4- It exists as ATP 3- The proportion is small.

[0028] ATP100 is an organic compound that provides the energy to drive and support many processes in living cells, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, condensate dissolution, and chemosynthesis. Found in all known organisms, ATP100 is often called the “molecular currency unit” of intracellular energy transfer. When consumed in metabolic processes, ATP100 is converted to adenosine diphosphate (ADP, see the reaction shown in Figure 3) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Other processes regenerate ATP100. The human body recycles an amount of ATP100 equivalent to its own body weight every day. ATP100 functions as a precursor for DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) and is used as a coenzyme. From a biochemical standpoint, ATP100 is classified as a nucleoside triphosphate, which means it consists of three components: a nitrogenous base (adenine 106), a sugar (ribose 104), and a triphosphate group 102.

[0029] ATP disodium salt 200 is a type of ATP used as a coenzyme within cells. ATP disodium salt 200 is used in many cellular processes, including respiration, biosynthesis, motility, and cell division. ATP 100 and 200 are substrates for many kinases involved in cellular signaling, as well as for adenylate cyclase, which produces the second messenger cAMP.

[0030] Salts of ATP100, such as ATP disodium salt 200, can be separated as colorless solids. ATP100 is stable in aqueous solutions at pH 6.8–7.4 in the absence of a catalyst. At more extreme pH levels, ATP100 rapidly hydrolyzes to ADP and phosphates. Living cells maintain an ATP100-to-ADP ratio ten orders of magnitude away from equilibrium, with the concentration of ATP100 being five times higher than that of ADP.

[0031] This specification describes compositions and methods for microencapsulating active bioagents, which may particularly contain organic nucleotides such as ATP100 and 200. The active bioagents described herein may contain ATP100 and 200, or alternatively, one or more of L-theanine, L-glutamine, taurine, β-alanine, and carnitine. The microencapsulated structures described herein include an inner core composed of a polysaccharide matrix mixed with a bioactive molecule in a coacervate phase. The polysaccharide matrix may be further coated with a surfactant and a polysaccharide matrix shell. In this microencapsulated embodiment, the bioactive molecule mixed with the polysaccharide matrix may contain one or more of ATP100, ATP disodium salt 200, L-theanine, L-glutamine, taurine, β-alanine, or carnitine.

[0032] Figure 3 shows chemical reaction 300 for the hydrolysis of ATP100 to adenosine diphosphate (ADP)302. Reaction 300 releases an enthalpy of 20.5 kJ / mol. In the context of biochemical reactions, POP bonds are often referred to as high-energy bonds. As shown in Figure 3, reaction 300 requires the introduction of water (H2O), resulting in the release of energy, one phosphate ion, and ADP302.

[0033] The compositions and methods described herein result in improved stability of aqueous solutions containing ATP100. The compositions described herein are components such as polysaccharides and surfactants that are generally considered safe (GRAS), and are manufactured using the disclosed methods, thereby improving the stability of the bioactive compositions under processing conditions. In some embodiments described herein, the shelf life of ATP100 at room temperature is improved by manufacturing coacervate microencapsulated products containing at least one water-soluble bioactive composition. The microencapsulated products described herein prevent ATP100 from being hydrolyzed to ADP302 when ATP100 interacts with water.

[0034] Figures 4-7 relate to compositions and methods described herein for improving the shelf life of ATP100,200 at room temperature. Figures 4 and 6 are schematic flowcharts of methods 400,600 for producing compositions that show improved stability of ATP100,200 in aqueous solution. Figures 5 and 7 are graphs of unexpectedly good results achieved by methods 400,600 described in Figures 4 and 6. Specifically, Figures 4-5 describe the composition, method, and results relating to a first formulation described herein, which may be referred to herein as Formulation A. Figures 6-7 describe the composition, method, and results relating to a second formulation described herein, which may be referred to herein as Formulation B.

[0035] Referring here to Figure 4, Method 400 comprises preparing a solution 404 containing water 401 and a bioactive molecule 402. The bioactive molecule 402 may contain an organic nucleotide, specifically one or more of ATP 100, ATP disodium salt 200, L-theanine, L-glutamine, taurine, β-alanine, or carnitine. In some cases, the water 401 is heated to a temperature of about 40°C to about 60°C before adding the bioactive molecule 402 to produce solution 404. Method 400 then proceeds, and the solution 404 is stirred in 406, which may include stirring or shaking the solution 404. The mechanical energy added to the system in 406 helps to mix the water 401 and the bioactive molecule 402 to form a homogeneous solution.

[0036] Pectin 408 is then added to solution 404, and solution 404 (containing water 401, bioactive molecule 402, and pectin 408) is stirred again in 410. Pectin 408 is a complex polysaccharide found in the primary cell wells of plants and abundant in the green parts of terrestrial plants. The main chemical component of pectin 408 is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose). Commercially produced pectin 408 is derived from citrus fruits for use as an edible gelling agent and is often used as a thickener in cooking, baking, and pharmaceutical manufacturing.

[0037] Method 400 continues, in which polysaccharide 412 and mineral 414 are added to solution 404 (the solution here contains water 401, bioactive molecule 402, pectin 408, polysaccharide 412, and mineral 414, respectively). Again, solution 404 is stirred in 416.

[0038] Polysaccharide 412 is a carbohydrate, and in particular may include long-chain polymer carbohydrates composed of monosaccharide units linked to each other by glycosidic bonds. Polysaccharide 412 may be composed of simple carbohydrates called monosaccharides, which are (CH2O) n It has the general formula, where n is equal to 3 or greater. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, and glyceraldehyde. Polysaccharide 412 is C x (H2O) y It may have the general formula, where x is usually a considerable number between 200 and 2500. If the repeating units in the polymer backbone contain (as is common) six-carbon monosaccharides, the general formula for polysaccharide 4412 is (C6H 10 O5) n It is simplified to the form where n is usually between 40 and 3000.

[0039] Polysaccharides 412 may include, in particular, one or more of cellulose, starch, glycogen, chitin, pectin, or chitosan. Cellulose is a polysaccharide consisting of linear chains of linked D-glucose units. Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate consisting of numerous glucose monosaccharide units linked to each other by glycosidic bonds. Glycogen is a branched polymer of glucose produced mainly in liver and muscle cells and functions as a secondary long-term energy storage in animal cells. Chitin is a polymer of nitrogen-containing polysaccharides that provides a robust protective coating or structural support in certain organisms.

[0040] Mineral 414 is an inorganic compound that can be specifically selected to achieve the desired result in a human or animal that will consume the resulting solution 404. Mineral 414 can also be selected to improve the long-term storage of solution 404. In exemplary embodiments, mineral 414 comprises one or more of calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, potassium, or sodium.

[0041] Method 400 continues, in which surfactant 418 is added to solution 404 (the solution here contains water 401, bioactive molecule 402, pectin 408, polysaccharide 412, mineral 414, and surfactant 418, respectively). Solution 404 is then stirred again in 420. Furthermore, the pH of the solution is checked in step 420, and the pH of the solution is set to and maintained at approximately 5.2 to approximately 5.8, and in particular can be maintained at 5.5.

[0042] Surfactant 418 is a chemical compound that reduces surface tension or interfacial tension between two liquids, between a liquid and a gas, or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactant 418 may contain one or more emulsifiers, wetting agents, foaming agents, or dispersants. Specifically, surfactant 418 may include food-grade surfactants containing one or more of the following: ethoxylated fatty amines, alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactants (nonionic), alcohol ethoxylate surfactants (nonionic), silicone surfactants, oils, alkyl glycosides, carrageenan (carbohydrates), cholesterol, lanolin, lecithin, monoglycerides (fatty acids), phytosterols, proteins, or saponin extracts.

[0043] Surfactant 418 may contain lecithin extracted from one or more of the following: egg yolk, seafood, soybean, milk, rapeseed, cottonseed, or sunflower oil. Surfactant 418 may contain one or more of the following: polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol, or propanediol.

[0044] In the compositions described herein, the surfactant 418 may be particularly selected to reduce the surface tension between the liquid phase and the solid phase. For example, the solid phase may comprise ATP disodium salt 200, and the liquid phase may comprise a mixed colloidal dispersion slurry.

[0045] Method 400 continues, in which solution 404 is heated in a water bath in 422. In some embodiments, solution 404 may be heated to a temperature of about 65°C to about 80°C, and in particular to about 72°C. Solution 404 is maintained at the heated temperature for a period of time. Specifically, solution 404 may be held at the elevated temperature for about 20 minutes to about 50 minutes.

[0046] Method 400 continues, and solution 404 is cooled to a temperature of about 15 °C to about 30 °C at 424, and can be cooled particularly to about 22 °C. Solution 404 is then processed at 426 through medium shear for several minutes, and can be processed through this shear particularly for about 1 minute to about 5 minutes. Solution 404 is then spray dried at 428, which can include spraying at an inlet temperature of about 210 °C to about 250 °C and an outlet temperature of about 80 °C to about 110 °C.

[0047] FIG. 5 is a graphical representation 500 of unexpectedly good results achieved by the methods and compositions described in relation to FIG. 4. Specifically, the graphical representation 500 shows a comparison of the ATP stability of the compositions or products of the present disclosure (specifically, formulation A prepared according to method 400) compared to a control ATP product treated under acidic conditions (pH 2.5) and hot fill conditions. The ATP stability measurements were calculated over 362 days. For the control ATP, at pH 2.8 (Δ), y = 116.03e -0.012x , R 2 = 0.966. For formulation A of encapsulated ATP, at pH 2.8 (Δ), y = 100.37e -0.003x , R 2 = 0.9591.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 5, formulation A (i.e., the composition prepared according to method 400 described in FIG. 4) contained a greater amount of ATP 100, 200 than the control ATP solution. Specifically, formulation A continued to contain about 33.43 wt% of ATP 100, 200 after 362 days compared to 1.44 wt% of ATP 100, 200 in the control ATP solution.

[0049] Referring next to Figure 6, Method 600 comprises preparing a solution 604 containing water 601 and pectin 608. Pectin 608 may include one or more of the pectin 408 compounds described in relation to Figure 4. In some cases, the water 601 is heated to a temperature of about 40°C to about 60°C before adding pectin 608 to produce solution 604. Specifically, the water 601 may be heated to a temperature of about 50°C before adding pectin 608. Method 600 then proceeds to agitate the solution 604 in 606, which may include stirring or shaking the solution 604. The mechanical energy added to the system in 606 helps to mix the water 601 and pectin 608 to form a homogeneous solution.

[0050] Method 600 continues, in which chitosan 610 is then added to solution 604, and solution 604 is stirred again in 612. Chitosan 610 is a linear polysaccharide composed of deacetylated units and acetylated units. Chitosan 610 is produced by treating the chitin shells of shrimp and other crustaceans with an alkaline substance such as sodium hydroxide. Chitosan 610 has several commercial and biomedical applications.

[0051] Method 600 continues, in which the bioactive molecule 602 and mineral 614 are added to solution 604 (the solution here comprises water 601, pectin 608, chitosan 610, bioactive molecule 602, and mineral 614, respectively). Mineral 614 may comprise one or more of the minerals 414 described in relation to Figure 4. Specifically, mineral 614 is an inorganic compound that can be particularly selected to achieve the desired result in a human or animal that will consume the resulting solution 604. Mineral 614 may further be selected to improve the long-term storage of solution 604. In exemplary embodiments, mineral 614 comprises one or more of calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, potassium, or sodium.

[0052] Method 600 continues, in 616, the solution 604 is stirred and the pH is checked. The pH of the solution is brought to and maintained at approximately 3.2 to approximately 3.8, and in particular may be maintained at approximately 3.5. Method 600 continues, and the solution 604 is treated through medium shear in 618 for several minutes, and in particular may be treated through this shear for approximately 1 to approximately 5 minutes. The solution 604 is then spray-dried in 628, which may include spraying at an inlet temperature of approximately 210°C to approximately 250°C and an outlet temperature of approximately 80°C to approximately 110°C.

[0053] Figure 7 is a graphical representation of the unexpectedly good results achieved by the methods and compositions described in relation to Figure 6. Specifically, graphical representation 700 shows a comparison of the ATP stability of the compositions or products of this disclosure (specifically, Formulation B prepared according to Method 600) compared with a control ATP product treated under acidic conditions (pH 2.8) and hot-fill conditions. ATP stability measurements were calculated over 362 days. For ATP disodium salt, at pH 2.8 (Δ), y = 116.03e -0.012x , R 2 =0.966. For formulation 8 of encapsulated ATP, pH 2.8 (Δ), y = 101.19e -0.004x , R 2 = 0.9899.

[0054] As shown in Figure 7, Formulation B (i.e., the composition prepared according to Method 600 described in Figure 6) contained a greater amount of ATP100,200 than the control ATP solution. Specifically, Formulation B continued to contain approximately 23.28% by weight of ATP100,200 after 362 days, compared to 1.44% by weight of ATP100,200 in the control ATP solution.

[0055] Figures 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of structures 800 and 900 as examples of microencapsulated structures configured to receive and protect bioactive molecules 802, such as ATP100 or ATP disodium salt 200. The microencapsulated structures 800 and 900 shown in Figures 8 and 9 are generated when preparing solutions according to methods 400 and 600 described herein.

[0056] The microencapsulated structures 800 and 900 protect bioactive molecules 802, such as bioactive molecules 402 and 602 discussed in relation to Figures 4 and 6. Bioactive molecules 802 may contain one or more of the following: ATP100, ATP disodium salt 200, L-theanine, L-glutamine, taurine, β-alanine, or carnitine. Structures 800 and 900 prevent the degradation of bioactive molecules 802 under extreme pH and high-temperature processing conditions. This makes it possible to use bioactive molecules 802 in beverages (including acidic and neutral beverages), readily mixable powders, gels, gummies, jelly beans, nutrition bars, functional foods, tablets, capsules, intravenous solutions, intramuscular solutions, films, and the like.

[0057] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of structure 800 of a coacervation microencapsulated polysaccharide and surfactant. Structure 800 comprises a shell 806 containing a surfactant and / or polysaccharide matrix. Structure 800 comprises a polysaccharide matrix 804 disposed within the shell 806. Structure 800 further comprises one or more bioactive molecules 806 dispersed within the polysaccharide matrix 804.

[0058] As shown in the figures, a shell 806 containing a surfactant and / or a polysaccharide matrix surrounds a polysaccharide matrix 804 that contains or encapsulates a bioactive molecule 802, which may contain any of the bioactive molecules 430, 630 discussed in particular in relation to Figures 4 and 6. The bioactive molecule 802 may contain ATP 100 or ATP disodium salt 200 in particular. Methods 400, 600 described herein are carried out to produce a structure 800 that improves the long-term shelf-life of ATP 100, 200 in aqueous solutions.

[0059] Specifically, the compositions and methods described herein relate to coacervated microgel-based encapsulation techniques that can be used to protect water-soluble organic nucleotide compositions from harsh conditions such as pH and high-temperature processing. ATP100, 200 can be used as water-soluble bioactive molecules 802 protected by a polysaccharide matrix 804 and a shell 806. However, other water-soluble bioactive molecules 806, such as L-theanine, L-glutamine, taurine, β-alanine, and carnitine, can also be placed within the polysaccharide matrix 804 and shell 806 and protected thereby.

[0060] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure 900 of the polysaccharide coacervation microencapsulated material. Structure 900 is similar to structure 800 described in relation to Figure 8, but lacks the surfactant / polysaccharide shell 806. Structure 900 may exhibit increased rigidity when dispersed in the aqueous phase of the polysaccharide matrix.

[0061] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the microencapsulated structures 800 and 900 are avocado-shaped, with the inner core of the polysaccharide matrix 804 mixed with the bioactive molecule 802 in the coacervate phase. Structure 800 may be further coated with a surfactant and a polysaccharide matrix shell 806, as shown in Figure 8. In the alternative structure shown in Figure 9, the surfactant and polysaccharide matrix shell 806 are omitted, increasing the rigidity of the microencapsulated structure and dispersing it in the aqueous phase of the polysaccharide matrix 804.

[0062] The selection of the structure (Figure 8 or Figure 9) is determined based on the physiological and chemical properties of the selected bioactive molecule 805, including pKa, solubility, and particle size. Heating, shear mixing, pH, and hydration play important roles in the successful microencapsulation of the bioactive molecule 802. Batch sterilization, along with surfactants and polysaccharide shells 806, can be useful in forming gel microstructures between the polysaccharide matrix 804 and the bioactive molecule 802. Typically, in the structures 800 and 900 shown in Figures 8 and 9, the loading capacity of the bioactive molecule 802 ranges from approximately 70% to approximately 90% at ATP 100 and 200.

[0063] This disclosure provides a unique preparation of a water-soluble bioactive molecule 806 utilizing a polysaccharide matrix 804, with or without the surfactant / polysaccharide shell 806. The methods and compositions described herein utilize food-grade ingredients targeted for use in food and supplement applications. The loading capacity of the structures 800, 900 for encapsulating and protecting the bioactive molecule 802 ranges from about 72% to about 86% when the bioactive molecule 802 contains ATP 100 or ATP disodium salt 200.

[0064] Throughout the methods 400, 600 for producing microencapsulated structures 800, 900, the pH is maintained according to the matrix components. Specifically, the pH is optimized and maintained using acidulants or bases to ensure optimal bonding and charge manipulation. Since the intended use of this disclosure is in a finished good product, heat treatment for safety is required, and VAT or batch sterilization is performed, followed by spray drying after high temperature short-time sterilization or appropriate safety steps have been completed on the slurry. The mixture is then spray dried (e.g., T 入口 =200℃ and T 出口 (=100℃).

[0065] The compositions described herein can be successfully processed under hot-fill conditions for highly acidic beverages, often used to kill bacteria and extend the shelf life of liquids, and provide unique means for the use of organic nucleotide components such as those listed herein. The products herein include bottles of colloidal dispersions in cans prepared by the methods described herein. These solutions may optionally contain one or more added flavorings, colorings, acidulants, stabilizers, etc. Alternatively, powdered drink mixes may be prepared according to the methods described herein by spray drying at a neutral or acidic pH.

[0066] This disclosure also provides organic nucleotides in forms that can be used in dry, partially wet, and wet foods, particularly those under acidic conditions. The methods described herein target organic nucleotide compounds in a form that is more protected from the effects of water in the surrounding environment of the target organic nucleotide compound. This allows for clear advantages in the formulation of aqueous products, as well as dry, partially wet, and wet products, which may have higher water activity. In conventional compositions, higher water activity reduces the stability of the target organic nucleotide, such as ATP100 or ATP disodium salt 200. The compositions described herein can be implemented in a variety of products formulated for human and / or animal consumption, such as breakfast bars, snack bars, protein bars, gummies, dog food and cat food, and / or treats.

[0067] Figure 10 is a schematic flowchart of Method 1000 for preparing a composition for improving the shelf life of organic nucleotides at room temperature. Method 1000 comprises, in 1002, preparing a solution comprising water, a surfactant, a polysaccharide, and an organic nucleotide. The water may include purified or unpurified water. The surfactant may include any of the surfactants described herein, particularly surfactant 418 as described in relation to Figure 4. The polysaccharide may include any of the polysaccharides described herein, particularly polysaccharide 412 as described in relation to Figure 4. The organic nucleotide may include any organic nucleotide, particularly ATP 100 and / or ATP disodium salt 200.

[0068] Method 1000 continues, and the solution is stirred in 1004. The solution may be stirred over time while water, surfactants, polysaccharides, and / or organic nucleotides are added to the solution. As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the solution may be continuously stirred while various components of the solution are added over time.

[0069] Method 1000 continues, in which the solution is treated under shear mixing in 1006. In certain embodiments, the solution is treated under moderate shear. Shear mixing involves dispersing or transporting one phase or component (liquid, solid, or gas) into a main continuous phase (liquid). The shear mixing process may involve a rotor or impeller and a stationary component called a stator, or an array of rotors and stators causing the mixing. The shear mixing process can be carried out in a tank containing the solution or in a pipe through which the solution passes to produce shear.

[0070] The process of shearing the solution in 1006 may involve treating the solution under low shear, medium shear, or high shear. In most embodiments, the solution is treated under medium shear mixing in 1006. Medium shear mixing provides moderate shear and flow, effectively blending and dispersing the components. Radial flow and axial flow turbines may be implemented to mix water, surfactants, polysaccharides, and organic nucleotide components. [Examples]

[0071] The following examples relate to further embodiments.

[0072] The following table shows various weight percentages of components used as part of compositions as examples of this disclosure. As described herein, specific weight percentages are given as in a colloidal dispersion. This indicates the concentration of the component in the colloidal dispersion before dehydration to a dry powder form. A “colloidal dispersion” is a system in which particles of colloidal size (e.g., about 1 nm to about 1 μm) are dispersed in a continuous phase of different compositions. “Coacervate” is the phenomenon in which a colloidal solution separates into a colloid-rich phase and a colloid-poor phase. Furthermore, the phrase “as in powder” as described herein indicates the concentration of the component in a dry powder (e.g., dehydrated or spray-dried). [Table 1]

[0073] The following table shows various weight percentages of components used as part of compositions as examples of this disclosure. [Table 2]

[0074] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a composition may include all or some combination of the following components: water; adenosine triphosphate; adenosine triphosphate disodium salt; pectin; chitosan; propylene glycol; calcium chloride; (CH2O) n Polysaccharides having the general formula; C x (H2O) y Polysaccharides having the general formula (C6H 10 O5) n Polysaccharides having the general formula; cellulose; starch; glycogen; chitin; calcium; magnesium; chloride; phosphate; potassium; sodium; ethoxylated fatty amines; alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactants; alcohol ethoxylate surfactants; silicone surfactants; alkyl glycosides; carrageenan; cholesterol; lanolin; lecithin; monoglycerides; phytosterols; proteins; saponin extracts; polyethylene glycol; propanediol; lecithin extracted from egg yolk; lecithin extracted from marine plants; lecithin extracted from soybeans; lecithin extracted from milk; lecithin extracted from rapeseed; lecithin extracted from cottonseed; or sunflower oil.

[0075] Embodiments of the composition may include, for example, water concentrations as follows: about 50% to about 95% by weight; about 55% to about 95% by weight; about 60% to about 95% by weight; about 65% to about 95% by weight; about 70% to about 95% by weight; about 75% to about 95% by weight; about 80% to about 95% by weight; about 50% to about 90% by weight; about 50% to about 85% by weight; about 50% to about 80% by weight; about 50% to about 75% by weight; or about 50% to about 70% by weight. In some embodiments, the composition is dehydrated to a dry form, in which embodiments the composition contains no water or only a negligible amount of water.

[0076] Aqueous embodiments of the composition may include, for example, concentrations of adenosine triphosphate as follows: about 5% to about 30% by weight; about 8% to about 30% by weight; about 10% to about 30% by weight; about 13% to about 30% by weight; about 15% to about 30% by weight; about 18% to about 30% by weight; about 20% to about 30% by weight; about 23% to about 30% by weight; about 25% to about 30% by weight; about 5% to about 28% by weight; about 5% to about 25% by weight; about 5% to about 23% by weight; about 5% to about 20% by weight; about 5% to about 18% by weight; or about 5% to about 15% by weight.

[0077] A dried embodiment of the composition may include, for example, the following concentrations of adenosine triphosphate: about 50% to about 95% by weight; about 55% to about 95% by weight; about 60% to about 95% by weight; about 65% to about 95% by weight; about 70% to about 95% by weight; about 75% to about 95% by weight; about 80% to about 95% by weight; about 50% to about 90% by weight; about 50% to about 85% by weight; about 50% to about 80% by weight; about 50% to about 75% by weight; or about 50% to about 70% by weight.

[0078] Aqueous embodiments of the composition may include, for example, concentrations of adenosine triphosphate disodium salt as follows: about 5% to about 30% by weight; about 8% to about 30% by weight; about 10% to about 30% by weight; about 13% to about 30% by weight; about 15% to about 30% by weight; about 18% to about 30% by weight; about 20% to about 30% by weight; about 23% to about 30% by weight; about 25% to about 30% by weight; about 5% to about 28% by weight; about 5% to about 25% by weight; about 5% to about 23% by weight; about 5% to about 20% by weight; about 5% to about 18% by weight; or about 5% to about 15% by weight.

[0079] A dried embodiment of the composition may include, for example, concentrations of adenosine triphosphate disodium salt as follows: about 50% to about 95% by weight; about 55% to about 95% by weight; about 60% to about 95% by weight; about 65% to about 95% by weight; about 70% to about 95% by weight; about 75% to about 95% by weight; about 80% to about 95% by weight; about 50% to about 90% by weight; about 50% to about 85% by weight; about 50% to about 80% by weight; about 50% to about 75% by weight; or about 50% to about 70% by weight.

[0080] Aqueous embodiments of the composition may include, for example, pectin concentrations as follows: about 0.5% to about 10% by weight; about 0.8% to about 10% by weight; about 1.0% to about 10% by weight; about 1.3% to about 10% by weight; about 1.5% to about 10% by weight; about 1.8% to about 10% by weight; about 2.0% to about 10% by weight; about 2.3% to about 10% by weight; about 2.5% to about 10% by weight; about 2.8% to about 10% by weight; about 1.0% to about 9% by weight. 0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 8.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 8.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 7.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 7.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 6.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 6.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 5.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 5.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 4.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 4.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 3.5 weight%; or approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 3.0 weight%.

[0081] The dried embodiment of the composition may include, for example, pectin concentrations as follows: about 5% to about 30% by weight; about 8% to about 30% by weight; about 10% to about 30% by weight; about 13% to about 30% by weight; about 15% to about 30% by weight; about 18% to about 30% by weight; about 20% to about 30% by weight; about 23% to about 30% by weight; about 25% to about 30% by weight; about 5% to about 28% by weight; about 5% to about 25% by weight; about 5% to about 23% by weight; about 5% to about 20% by weight; about 5% to about 18% by weight; or about 5% to about 15% by weight; about 8% to about 15% by weight; or about 10% to about 15% by weight.

[0082] Aqueous embodiments of the composition may include, for example, chitosan concentrations as follows: about 0.1% to about 10% by weight; about 0.2% to about 10% by weight; about 0.3% to about 10% by weight; about 0.4% to about 10% by weight; 0.5% to about 10% by weight; about 0.8% to about 10% by weight; about 0.4% to about 10% by weight; about 1.3% to about 10% by weight; about 1.5% to about 10% by weight; about 1.8% to about 10% by weight; about 2.0% to about 10% by weight; about 2.3% to about 10% by weight; about 2.5% to about 10% by weight. Weight%; approximately 2.8 weight% to approximately 10 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 9.0 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 8.5 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 8.0 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 7.5 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 7.0 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 6.5 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 6.0 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 5.5 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 5.0 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 4.5 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 4.0 weight%; approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 3.5 weight%; or approximately 0.4 weight% to approximately 3.0 weight%.

[0083] The dried embodiment of the composition may include, for example, the following concentrations of chitosan: 0.5% to about 10% by weight; about 0.8% to about 10% by weight; about 1.0% to about 10% by weight; about 1.3% to about 10% by weight; about 1.5% to about 10% by weight; about 1.8% to about 10% by weight; about 2.0% to about 10% by weight; about 2.3% to about 10% by weight; about 2.5% to about 10% by weight; about 2.8% to about 10% by weight; about 1.0% to about 9% by weight. 0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 8.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 8.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 7.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 7.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 6.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 6.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 5.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 5.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 4.5 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 4.0 weight%; approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 3.5 weight%; or approximately 1.0 weight% to approximately 3.0 weight%.

[0084] The aqueous embodiment of the composition may contain, for example, calcium chloride concentrations as follows: about 0.05% by weight to about 3.0% by weight; about 0% by weight to about 3.0% by weight; about 0.1% by weight to about 3.0% by weight; about 0.15% by weight to about 3.0% by weight; about 0.20% by weight to about 3.0% by weight; about 0.25% by weight to about 3.0% by weight; about 0.30% by weight to about 3.0% by weight; about 0.35% by weight to Approximately 3.0% weight; approximately 0.40% weight to approximately 3.0% weight; approximately 0.45% weight to approximately 3.0% weight; approximately 0.50% weight to approximately 3.0% weight; approximately 0.10% weight to approximately 2.5% weight; approximately 0.10% weight to approximately 2.0% weight; approximately 0.10% weight to approximately 1.5% weight; approximately 0.10% weight to approximately 1.3% weight; approximately 0.10% weight to approximately 1.0% weight; or approximately 0.10% weight to approximately 0.80% weight.

[0085] The dried embodiment of the composition may include, for example, the following concentrations of calcium chloride: 0.5% to about 10% by weight; about 0.8% to about 10% by weight; about 1.0% to about 10% by weight; about 1.3% to about 10% by weight; about 1.5% to about 10% by weight; about 1.8% to about 10% by weight; about 2.0% to about 10% by weight; about 2.3% to about 10% by weight; about 2.5% to about 10% by weight; about 2.8% to about 10% by weight; about 1.0% to about 9.0% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 8.5% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 8.0% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 7.5% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 7.0% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 6.5% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 6.0% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 5.5% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 5.0% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 4.5% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 4.0% weight; approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 3.5% weight; or approximately 1.0% weight to approximately 3.0% weight.

[0086] The percentages, concentrations, and ratios given above are presented as examples only and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit this disclosure to the exact percentages, concentrations, and ratios disclosed. It should be noted that each value falling within the disclosed range is disclosed as if it were individually disclosed as shown herein. For example, the range representing weight percentages from about 8% by weight to about 14% by weight further includes ranges beginning or ending with all values ​​within that range, including, for example, ranges beginning with 8.1% by weight, 8.2% by weight, 9% by weight, 10% by weight, and so on.

[0087] Furthermore, according to one or more non-limiting embodiments of this disclosure, any of the component concentrations for the component combinations discussed herein may represent the concentrations of the other components listed above.

[0088] Example 1 is a composition. This composition comprises a microencapsulated matrix containing polysaccharides. The composition comprises a plurality of bioactive molecules arranged within the microencapsulated matrix. The plurality of bioactive molecules include one or more of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt.

[0089] Example 2 is a composition similar to that in Example 1, further comprising a shell positioned around a microencapsulation matrix to form coacervated microencapsulated materials.

[0090] Example 3 is a composition similar to any of Examples 1 or 2, wherein the shell consists of one or more surfactants or polysaccharides.

[0091] Example 4 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 3, further comprising water, wherein the microencapsulation matrix prevents at least some of the multiple bioactive molecules from undergoing hydrolysis with water.

[0092] Example 5 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 4, further containing water, and the composition contains about 70% to about 90% by weight of water.

[0093] Example 6 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 5, wherein the multiple bioactive molecules include ATP disodium salt, and the composition contains about 10% to about 18% by weight of ATP disodium salt.

[0094] Example 7 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 6, and the composition contains about 0.5% to about 3.5% by weight of a microencapsulated matrix.

[0095] Example 8 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 7, further comprising a surfactant matrix composed of surfactants, wherein the composition contains about 0.4% to about 3.5% by weight of the surfactant matrix.

[0096] Example 9 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 8, further containing an effective amount of inorganic minerals to achieve the desired effect in humans or animals, wherein the composition contains about 0.1% to about 1.0% by weight of inorganic minerals.

[0097] Example 10 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 9, wherein an effective amount of inorganic minerals comprises one or more of the following: calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, potassium, or sodium.

[0098] Example 11 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 10, further comprising water, wherein the microencapsulation matrix prevents at least some of the multiple bioactive molecules from undergoing hydrolysis with water, and the composition further comprises one or more of the following: natural or artificial flavoring additives, natural or artificial coloring additives, or preservatives.

[0099] Example 12 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 11, wherein the composition contains only food-grade components so that it is prepared for consumption by the mammalian body.

[0100] Example 13 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 12, the composition comprising an effective amount of multiple bioactive molecules for increasing the intensity of muscle contraction in the body of a mammal.

[0101] Example 14 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 13, the composition comprising an effective amount of multiple bioactive molecules for increasing the rate of cellular metabolism in the body of a mammal.

[0102] Example 15 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 14, and the composition is prepared in dry powder form.

[0103] Example 16 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 15, wherein the multiple bioactive molecules include ATP disodium salt, and the composition contains about 50% to about 90% by weight of ATP disodium salt.

[0104] Example 17 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 16, the composition comprising about 2.5% to about 17.7% by weight of a microencapsulated matrix.

[0105] Example 18 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 17, further comprising a surfactant matrix configured to be positioned around a microencapsulation matrix, wherein the composition contains about 2% to about 17.7% by weight of the surfactant matrix.

[0106] Example 19 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 18, wherein the microencapsulation matrix consists of one or more of cellulose, glycogen, chitin, pectin, or chitosan.

[0107] Example 20 is a composition as described in any of Examples 1 to 19, further comprising a surfactant matrix configured to be positioned around a microencapsulation matrix, the surfactant matrix comprising one or more of the following: polyethylene glycol; propylene glycol; propanediol; or lecithin extracted from one or more of egg yolk, marine food, soybean, milk, rapeseed, cottonseed, or sunflower oil.

[0108] Example 21 is a method for preparing a composition containing an organic nucleotide. This method involves preparing a solution containing water, a surfactant, a polysaccharide, and an organic nucleotide. The method involves stirring the solution. The method involves treating the solution under shear mixing.

[0109] Example 22 is a method similar to that of Example 21, in which water, a surfactant, a polysaccharide, and an organic nucleotide are mixed in a colloidal dispersion, and the colloidal dispersion allows for improved shelf life of the organic nucleotide at room temperature.

[0110] Example 23 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 22, wherein the organic nucleotide comprises one or more adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt.

[0111] Example 24 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 23, further comprising dehydrating the solution to produce a dry powder containing organic nucleotides encapsulated by a microencapsulation matrix.

[0112] Example 25 is a method similar to any of Examples 21 to 24, in which a polysaccharide forms a microencapsulation matrix, and organic nucleotides are placed within the microencapsulation matrix, which prevents the organic nucleotides from undergoing hydrolysis with water.

[0113] Example 26 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 25, further comprising preparing a solution for human consumption, wherein preparing a solution for human consumption involves adding one or more of the following: natural or artificial flavoring additives, natural or artificial coloring additives, or preservatives.

[0114] Example 27 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 26, wherein the surfactant comprises polyethylene glycol; propylene glycol; propanediol; or one or more lecithins extracted from one or more of egg yolk, marine food, soybean, milk, rapeseed, cottonseed, or sunflower oil.

[0115] Example 28 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 27, wherein the polysaccharide comprises one or more of cellulose, glycogen, chitin, pectin, or chitosan.

[0116] Example 29 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 28, wherein the polysaccharide has a maximum degree of esterification of 72% and a further maximum degree of acetylation of 30%.

[0117] Example 30 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 29, and the solution contains approximately 70% to 90% by weight of water.

[0118] Example 31 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 30, the method resulting in the formation of microencapsulated products, the microencapsulated products comprising a surfactant matrix; a polysaccharide matrix arranged within shelves formed by the surfactant matrix; and organic nucleotides within the polysaccharide matrix, the surfactant matrix and the polysaccharide matrix preventing the organic nucleotides from undergoing hydrolysis with water.

[0119] Example 32 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 31, wherein the composition contains about 0.5% to about 3.5% by weight of a polysaccharide matrix.

[0120] Example 33 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 32, wherein the composition contains about 0.4% to about 3.5% by weight of a surfactant matrix.

[0121] Example 34 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 33, wherein the composition comprises about 10% to about 18% by weight of organic nucleotides, the organic nucleotides comprising one or more of ATP or ATP disodium salts.

[0122] Example 35 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 34, further comprising dehydrating a solution to produce a powder containing dried microencapsulated material, the dried microencapsulated material comprising a surfactant matrix; a polysaccharide matrix arranged in shelves formed by the surfactant matrix; and organic nucleotides within the polysaccharide matrix.

[0123] Example 36 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 35, wherein the powder contains about 50% to about 90% by weight of organic nucleotides, and the organic nucleotides contain one or more of ATP or ATP disodium salts.

[0124] Example 37 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 36, wherein the powder contains a polysaccharide matrix of about 2.5% to about 17.7% by weight.

[0125] Example 38 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 37, wherein the powder contains about 2.0% to about 17.7% by weight of a surfactant matrix.

[0126] Example 39 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 38, wherein the preparation of the solution includes the addition of an effective amount of minerals to achieve the desired result in humans, the minerals comprising one or more of calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, potassium, or sodium.

[0127] Example 40 is a method as described in any of Examples 21 to 39, wherein the preparation of the solution comprises adding an effective amount of organic nucleotides to achieve a desired result in the human body, the desired result comprising one or more of the following: increasing the intensity of muscle contraction in the mammalian body; or increasing the rate of cellular metabolism in the mammalian body.

[0128] The above description is provided for illustrative purposes only. It is not exhaustive and does not limit the invention to the exact form or embodiment disclosed. Modifications and adaptations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the specification and the practice of the disclosed embodiments. For example, components described herein may be removed and other components added without departing from the scope or spirit of the embodiments disclosed herein or the appended claims, where applicable.

[0129] Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the specification and from the practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered merely illustrative, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are intended to be demonstrated by the following exemplary embodiments.

[0130] [Implementation Method] (1) A composition, A microencapsulated matrix containing polysaccharides, Multiple biologically active molecules arranged within the microencapsulated matrix, Includes, The composition comprises one or more of the above-mentioned multiple biologically active molecules, namely adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt. (2) The composition according to Embodiment 1, further comprising a shell disposed around the microencapsulation matrix to form coacervation microencapsulated materials. (3) The composition according to Embodiment 2, wherein the shell is composed of one or more surfactants or polysaccharides. (4) The composition according to Embodiment 1, further comprising water, wherein the microencapsulation matrix prevents at least a portion of the plurality of bioactive molecules from undergoing a hydrolysis reaction with the water. (5) The composition according to Embodiment 1, further comprising water, wherein the composition comprises about 70% to about 90% by weight of water.

[0131] (6) The plurality of biologically active molecules include the ATP disodium salt, The composition according to Embodiment 1, wherein the composition comprises about 10% to about 18% by weight of the ATP disodium salt. (7) The composition according to Embodiment 1, wherein the composition comprises about 0.5% to about 3.5% by weight of the microencapsulated matrix. (8) The composition according to Embodiment 1, further comprising a surfactant matrix composed of surfactants, wherein the composition comprises about 0.4% to about 3.5% by weight of the surfactant matrix. (9) The composition according to Embodiment 1, further comprising an effective amount of inorganic minerals to achieve a desired effect in humans or animals, wherein the composition comprises about 0.1% to about 1.0% by weight of the inorganic minerals. (10) The composition according to Embodiment 9, wherein the effective amount of the inorganic mineral comprises one or more of calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, potassium, or sodium.

[0132] (11) The composition further comprises water, wherein the microencapsulation matrix prevents at least a portion of the plurality of bioactive molecules from undergoing hydrolysis with the water. The aforementioned composition, Natural or artificial fragrance additives, Natural or artificial coloring additives, or, preservatives, The composition according to Embodiment 1, further comprising one or more of the following. (12) The composition according to Embodiment 11, wherein the composition comprises only food-grade components so that the composition is prepared for consumption by the body of a mammal. (13) The composition according to Embodiment 11, comprising an effective amount of the plurality of bioactive molecules for increasing the intensity of muscle contraction within the body of the mammal. (14) The composition according to Embodiment 11, comprising an effective amount of the plurality of bioactive molecules for increasing the rate of cellular metabolism within the body of the mammal. (15) The composition according to Embodiment 1, wherein the composition is prepared in the form of a dry powder.

[0133] (16) The composition according to Embodiment 15, wherein the plurality of bioactive molecules include the ATP disodium salt, and the composition contains about 50% to about 90% by weight of the ATP disodium salt. (17) The composition according to Embodiment 15, wherein the composition comprises about 2.5% to about 17.7% by weight of the microencapsulation matrix. (18) The composition according to Embodiment 15, further comprising a surfactant matrix configured to be positioned around the microencapsulation matrix, wherein the composition comprises about 2% to about 17.7% by weight of the surfactant matrix. (19) The composition according to Embodiment 1, wherein the microencapsulated matrix is ​​composed of one or more of cellulose, glycogen, chitin, pectin, or chitosan. (20) The composition further comprises a surfactant matrix configured to be positioned around the microencapsulation matrix, The surfactant matrix is Polyethylene glycol, Propylene glycol, Propanediol, or Lecithin extracted from one or more of the following: egg yolk, seafood, soy, milk, rapeseed, cottonseed, or sunflower oil. The composition according to Embodiment 1, comprising one or more of the following.

[0134] (21) A method for preparing a composition comprising an organic nucleotide, To prepare a solution containing water, a surfactant, a polysaccharide, and the organic nucleotide, Stirring the aforementioned solution, The aforementioned solution is treated under shear mixing, Methods that include... (22) The method comprises mixing the water, the surfactant, the polysaccharide, and the organic nucleotide in a colloidal dispersion, The colloidal dispersion according to Embodiment 21, which enables improved room-temperature storage of the organic nucleotide. (23) The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein the organic nucleotide comprises one or more adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt. (24) The method according to Embodiment 21, further comprising dehydrating the solution to produce a dry powder containing the organic nucleotide encapsulated by a microencapsulation matrix. (25) The polysaccharides form a microencapsulation matrix, The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein the organic nucleotide is placed within the microencapsulation matrix, and the microencapsulation matrix prevents the organic nucleotide from undergoing a hydrolysis reaction with water.

[0135] (26) The method further comprises preparing the solution for human consumption, Preparing the aforementioned solution for human consumption is Natural or artificial fragrance additives, Natural or artificial coloring additives, or, preservatives, The method according to Embodiment 21, comprising adding one or more of the following. (27) The surfactant is Polyethylene glycol, Propylene glycol, Propanediol, or Lecithin extracted from one or more of the following: egg yolk, seafood, soy, milk, rapeseed, cottonseed, or sunflower oil. The method according to Embodiment 21, comprising one or more of the following. (28) The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein the polysaccharide comprises one or more of cellulose, glycogen, chitin, pectin, or chitosan. (29) The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein the polysaccharide has a maximum degree of esterification of 72% and further has a maximum degree of acetylation of 30%. (30) The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein the solution comprises about 70% to about 90% by weight of water.

[0136] (31) The above method is Surfactant matrix and A polysaccharide matrix placed in a shelf formed by the surfactant matrix, This results in the formation of microencapsulated substances containing The aforementioned organic nucleotide is located within the aforementioned polysaccharide matrix. The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein the surfactant matrix and the polysaccharide matrix prevent the organic nucleotides from undergoing a hydrolysis reaction with water. (32) The method according to Embodiment 31, wherein the composition comprises about 0.5% to about 3.5% by weight of the polysaccharide matrix. (33) The method according to Embodiment 31, wherein the composition comprises about 0.4% to about 3.5% by weight of the surfactant matrix. (34) The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein the composition comprises about 10% to about 18% by weight of the organic nucleotide, and the organic nucleotide comprises one or more of ATP or ATP disodium salt. (35) The method further comprises dehydrating the solution to produce a powder containing dried microencapsulated material, The aforementioned dried microencapsulated material is Surfactant matrix and A polysaccharide matrix placed in a shelf formed by the surfactant matrix, The organic nucleotides in the polysaccharide matrix, The method according to Embodiment 21, including the method described above.

[0137] (36) The method according to Embodiment 35, wherein the powder comprises about 50% to about 90% by weight of the organic nucleotide, and the organic nucleotide comprises one or more of ATP or ATP disodium salt. (37) The method according to Embodiment 35, wherein the powder contains about 2.5% to about 17.7% by weight of the polysaccharide matrix. (38) The method according to Embodiment 35, wherein the powder comprises about 2.0% to about 17.7% by weight of the surfactant matrix, as described in any of Examples 21 to 37. (39) The method according to Embodiment 21, wherein preparing the solution comprises further adding an effective amount of minerals to achieve the desired result in humans, wherein the minerals comprise one or more of calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, potassium, or sodium. (40) Preparing the solution involves adding an effective amount of the organic nucleotide to achieve the desired result in the human body, The desired result is, To increase the intensity of muscle contraction in the body of the aforementioned mammal, or To increase the rate of cellular metabolism in the body of the aforementioned mammal, The method according to Embodiment 21, comprising one or more of the following.

Claims

1. A composition, A microencapsulated matrix containing polysaccharides, Multiple biologically active molecules arranged within the microencapsulated matrix, Includes, The composition comprises one or more of the above-mentioned multiple biologically active molecules, namely adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt.

2. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising a shell disposed around the microencapsulation matrix to form coacervation microencapsulated products.

3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the shell is composed of one or more surfactants or polysaccharides.

4. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising water, wherein the microencapsulation matrix prevents at least a portion of the plurality of bioactive molecules from undergoing a hydrolysis reaction with the water.

5. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising water, wherein the composition comprises about 70% to about 90% by weight of water.

6. The plurality of biologically active molecules include the ATP disodium salt, The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises about 10% to about 18% by weight of the ATP disodium salt.

7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises about 0.5% by weight to about 3.5% by weight of the microencapsulated matrix.

8. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising a surfactant matrix composed of surfactants, wherein the composition comprises about 0.4% to about 3.5% by weight of the surfactant matrix.

9. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising an effective amount of inorganic minerals to achieve a desired effect in humans or animals, wherein the composition comprises about 0.1% to about 1.0% by weight of the inorganic minerals.

10. The composition according to claim 9, wherein the effective amount of the inorganic mineral comprises one or more of calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, potassium, or sodium.

11. The composition further comprises water, and the microencapsulation matrix prevents at least a portion of the plurality of bioactive molecules from undergoing hydrolysis with the water. The aforementioned composition, Natural or artificial fragrance additives, Natural or artificial coloring additives, or, preservatives, The composition according to claim 1, further comprising one or more of the following.

12. The composition according to claim 11, wherein the composition comprises only food-grade components so that the composition is prepared for consumption by the body of a mammal.

13. The composition according to claim 11, comprising an effective amount of the plurality of bioactive molecules for increasing the intensity of muscle contraction within the body of the mammal.

14. The composition according to claim 11, comprising an effective amount of the plurality of bioactive molecules for increasing the rate of cellular metabolism within the body of the mammal.

15. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is prepared in the form of a dry powder.

16. The composition according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of biologically active molecules include the ATP disodium salt, and the composition comprises about 50% to about 90% by weight of the ATP disodium salt.

17. The composition according to claim 15, wherein the composition comprises about 2.5% by weight to about 17.7% by weight of the microencapsulated matrix.

18. The composition according to claim 15, further comprising a surfactant matrix configured to be positioned around the microencapsulation matrix, wherein the composition comprises about 2% to about 17.7% by weight of the surfactant matrix.

19. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the microencapsulated matrix is ​​composed of one or more of cellulose, glycogen, chitin, pectin, or chitosan.

20. The composition further comprises a surfactant matrix configured to be positioned around the microencapsulation matrix, The surfactant matrix is Polyethylene glycol, Propylene glycol, Propanediol, or Lecithin extracted from one or more of the following: egg yolk, seafood, soy, milk, rapeseed, cottonseed, or sunflower oil. The composition according to claim 1, comprising one or more of the following.

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