Fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines

Abstract

This invention relates to a fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines that contains nanomaterials pulverized to nanosize and has sufficient dispersibility ensured by using a lubricity enhancer. This promotes cleaning of the combustion chamber and encourages complete combustion, thereby improving output and reducing fuel consumption. By using a fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines configured according to a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the nanomaterials is controlled, and the combustion chamber can be efficiently cleaned without hindering combustion. By using a lubricity enhancer instead of a surfactant to disperse the nanomaterials, smooth dispersion is achieved, the combustion chamber of the engine is protected, and complete combustion is promoted. Because the particle size of the nanomaterials is limited and they do not aggregate with each other due to the action of the lubricity enhancer, combustion proceeds smoothly, complete combustion is achieved, and the desired effect can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fuel reduction composition for a diesel internal combustion engine containing a nano material pulverized to a nano size and ensuring sufficient dispersibility using a lubricity improver. Thereby, by promoting the cleaning inside the combustion chamber and facilitating complete combustion, the output can be improved and the fuel consumption can be reduced.

Background Art

[0002] An internal combustion engine is an engine that obtains energy by burning fuel and air in a combustion chamber. This internal combustion engine burns fuel and uses the torque of a crankshaft to perform various operations.

[0003] The internal combustion engine generates torque on the crankshaft by obtaining a rotational force through a crank mechanism that reciprocates up and down in a cylinder.

[0004] Specifically, the internal combustion engine explodes fuel and air by an ignition spark in a combustion chamber formed above the cylinder head and the piston head, and converts the force into a rotational motion.

[0005] A fuel additive is added to fuel to improve the performance of an internal combustion engine or reduce pollutants, and includes, for example, an antioxidant that prevents oxidation of the fuel and enhances stability.

[0006] Furthermore, among fuel additives, there is a cleaning agent that removes foreign substances such as deposits and carbon from inside the engine and keeps injection holes and valves clean.

[0007] Among fuel additives, there are also those that promote the combustion reaction as a catalyst and improve fuel efficiency and output.

[0008] To further explain fuel additives, they are compounds added to the fuel used in engines, designed to improve engine performance or reduce emissions. They can be used with gasoline, diesel, and other types of fuel, and are applicable to a wide range of vehicles, including cars, trucks, ships, and aircraft.

[0009] Conventional fuel additives include octane enhancers, fuel system cleaners, lubricity enhancers, gelling inhibitors, and exhaust gas reducers.

[0010] Octane enhancers are designed to increase the octane rating of gasoline and are used to improve engine performance and prevent knocking and pinging. Fuel system cleaners are used to remove deposits and other contaminants from the fuel system, contributing to improved fuel efficiency and reduced emissions.

[0011] Lubricity enhancers are designed to improve the lubrication properties of diesel fuel and are used to prevent engine wear and reduce emissions.

[0012] Antigelling agents are used to prevent the gelling or waxing of diesel fuel, which can cause engine malfunctions in cold climates.

[0013] Emission reducers are used to reduce harmful emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and carbon monoxide (CO) generated from internal combustion engines.

[0014] The use of fuel additives generally improves the performance and efficiency of internal combustion engines, reduces exhaust emissions, and contributes to extending engine life.

[0015] "A fuel-saving additive for heavy fuel oil used in ship bunkers A, utilizing nanomaterials," is disclosed in Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0076541. Conventional fuel reduction compositions contain nano-sized mineral particles to reduce fuel consumption and relate to technologies that promote complete combustion.

[0016] Furthermore, prior art described in Patent Document 2: Korean Patent No. 10-2496061 discloses technology relating to a "fuel additive composition for reducing smoke in internal combustion engines."

[0017] This fuel additive composition is capable of improving the performance of internal combustion engines, cleaning engines, preventing corrosion, and reducing exhaust gases such as smoke.

[0018] Conventional fuel additive compositions are fuel additive compositions for reducing smoke in internal combustion engines, comprising the steps of mixing kerosene, resin acid, tall oil, and anionic surfactant, and stirring. The resin acid used is Parusuto phosphoric acid, and the anionic surfactant is composed of alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyltoluene, alkylxylene, and alkylnaphthalene. The fuel additive composition is formed to be used by mixing it with fuel in a weight ratio of 2000:1. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0019] [Patent Document 1] Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0076541 [Patent Document 2] Korean Patent Registration Publication No. 10-2496061 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0020] However, conventional fuel additive compositions have the following problems, and the present invention was devised to solve these problems.

[0021] (1) Substances used as lubricity improvers aggregate with each other and change into large particles, acting as substances that prevent complete combustion, so the emission amount of harmful substances increases.

[0022] (2) The complete combustion of fuel is hindered by the surfactant contained inside, and the engine output decreases.

[0023] (3) During use, the nano materials adhere to each other and become large particles, acting as foreign substances inside the combustion chamber, so complete combustion is not achieved.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0024] Diesel (diesel oil, gas oil) is a hydrocarbon mixture mainly composed of hydrocarbons and has a slight viscosity, so it is necessary to control the dispersion of the above-mentioned aggregated particles. This is because the hydrocarbon particles, which are the main components, adhere to each other and change into large particles, which becomes a factor preventing complete combustion.

[0025] Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that a mixture (hereinafter referred to as "nano material") obtained by pulverizing a mineral having an excellent dispersion function into nanometer units is mixed with a butyl acetate solvent in a predetermined amount to form a fuel reduction composition.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a nano material composed of seradite, barnesite, reesite and carpholite is added to a butyl acetate solvent at a ratio of 5 to 7% by weight, and further contains 2% by weight of a lubricity improver.

[0027] Another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that a nano material composed of seradite, barnesite, reesite and carpholite is added to a butyl acetate solvent at a ratio of 5 to 7% by weight, and contains a lubricity improver and a cetane number improver.

[0028] Yet another embodiment of the present invention is characterized by adding nanomaterials consisting of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite to a butyl acetate solvent in a proportion of 5 to 7% by weight, and containing a lubricity enhancer, a cetane number enhancer, an antioxidant, and an antifoaming agent. [Effects of the Invention]

[0029] According to a fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines according to one embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

[0030] (1) By limiting the particle size of the nanomaterial, the inside of the combustion chamber can be smoothly cleaned without hindering combustion.

[0031] (2) By using a lubrication enhancer instead of a surfactant for dispersing the nanomaterials, the dispersion can be smoothed while protecting the engine's combustion chamber, thereby inducing complete combustion.

[0032] (3) Because the nanomaterials do not adhere to each other due to the limitation of particle size and the action of lubricity enhancers, combustion proceeds smoothly and complete combustion can be induced. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0033] [Figure 1] This is a photographic explanatory diagram showing the test results of a fuel reduction composition for a diesel internal combustion engine formed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a photographic diagram illustrating another test result of a fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines formed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] Another photographic diagram showing test results of a fuel reduction composition for a diesel internal combustion engine formed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] Another photographic diagram showing test results of a fuel reduction composition for a diesel internal combustion engine formed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0034] Before describing specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the drawings shown herein may slightly exaggerate or simplify the size and shape of their components in order to more clearly illustrate the present invention.

[0035] Furthermore, explanations of parts unrelated to the technical concept of the present invention are omitted, and throughout this specification, identical or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0036] The terms and symbols defined herein are to be arbitrarily defined or used selectively by the user, operator, or creator; therefore, these terms have meanings and concepts that are consistent with the technical spirit of the invention based on the content of this entire specification, and are not to be interpreted as being limited to the literal meaning of the terms themselves.

[0037] A preferred embodiment of the present invention involves adding nanomaterials consisting of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite to a butyl acetate solvent in a proportion of 5 to 7% by weight, and further containing 2% by weight of a lubricity enhancer.

[0038] Another embodiment of the present invention involves adding nanomaterials consisting of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite to a butyl acetate solvent in a proportion of 5 to 7% by weight, and containing a lubricity enhancer and a cetane number enhancer.

[0039] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, nanomaterials consisting of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite are added to a butyl acetate solvent in a proportion of 5 to 7% by weight, and the solvent contains a lubricity enhancer, a cetane number enhancer, an antioxidant, and an antifoaming agent.

[0040] The solvent, butyl acetate, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3O2CCH3, and is a colorless, flammable liquid.

[0041] Butyl acetate is an ester produced from n-butanol and acetic acid. It is found in various fruits, has a distinctive flavor, and possesses a sweet aroma similar to bananas and apples. It is widely used as an industrial solvent.

[0042] The reason for limiting the weight percentage of nanomaterials to 5-7% is that adding nanomaterials at less than 5% by weight results in insufficient cleaning effect inside the cylinder, does not significantly affect the dispersion of diesel fuel, and is insufficient to induce complete combustion.

[0043] On the other hand, when the amount of nanomaterial exceeds 7% by weight, while the cleaning effect inside the cylinder is good, the nanomaterials aggregate and adhere to each other, which actually hinders complete combustion. Therefore, the above numerical range was limited to obtain the optimal effect.

[0044] The nanomaterials consist of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite, and the particle size of each nanomaterial is preferably 40 to 80 nanometers.

[0045] If the particle size of the nanomaterial is less than 40 nanometers, the cleaning effect will decrease, and if it exceeds 80 nanometers, the increased electrostatic force may cause the particles to entangle and aggregate, potentially damaging the inside of the combustion chamber.

[0046] It is preferable that the nanomaterial, comprising a total of 7% by weight, consists of 2% by weight of celadonite, 1% by weight of barnesite, 2% by weight of lizardite, and 2% by weight of carbolite.

[0047] Celadonite is a mica group mineral, a potassium-containing phyllosilicate mineral, and contains iron and aluminum in two oxidation states. It generally occurs as massive aggregates of columnar crystals or as dull, clay-like masses.

[0048] Barnesite is a manganese dioxide mineral and is the major manganese mineral species on the Earth's surface. It generally occurs as fine, poorly crystalline aggregates in soils, sediments, particles, and rock coatings, as well as in marine iron-manganese nodules and crusts.

[0049] Lizardite is a mineral belonging to the tetragonal subgroup, with the chemical formula Mg3(OH)4, and is the most commonly occurring mineral within that subgroup.

[0050] Carfolite has the chemical formula Mn 2+ It is a manganese silicate mineral containing Al2Si2O6(OH)4, belonging to the orthorhombic crystal system, and occurs as aggregates of slender columnar or yellow acicular crystals.

[0051] The nanomaterials contain manganese, silica, potassium, etc., and when fuel prepared to nanosize by dissolving fuel additives in a solvent is sprayed, these nanoparticles enter the combustion chamber together, cleaning the inside and promoting the diffusion of the entire fuel, thereby inducing complete combustion.

[0052] As a lubrication enhancer, it is preferable to use one of the following: fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), polyalkylene glycol (PAG), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DGME), or ethylenediamine, or a mixture thereof.

[0053] Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) are a type of fatty acid ester, polyalkylene glycols (PAG) are alcohol-based compounds, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DGME) is an ether-based compound.

[0054] As a cetane number improver, it is preferable to use one of the following: 2-Ethylhexyl Nitrate (2-EHN), Di-tert-butyl Peroxide (DTBP), Ethyl Hexyl Nitrate (EHN), Tetraethyl Lead (TEL), fatty acid esters, or high molecular weight nitrogen-containing compounds, or a mixture thereof.

[0055] As antioxidants, it is preferable to use butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyisole (BHA), hindered phenol, or alkylated diphenylamines.

[0056] Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a phenolic antioxidant, while butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and hindered phenols belong to the phenolic antioxidant group, and alkylated diphenylamines are amine antioxidants.

[0057] The defoaming agent is configured to reduce bubbles for complete combustion of the fuel and consists of one of the following: polysiloxane, polyether polymer, or mineral oil-based defoaming agent.

[0058] Polysiloxanes are silicon-based compounds, and oil-based defoamers contain compounds such as totributyl phosphate and tributyl citrate.

[0059] <Example 1> The butyl acetate solvent contains 6% by weight of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite nanomaterials and 2% by weight of fatty acid methyl esters per liter, which are completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent.

[0060] The nanomaterial consists of 28% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 24% by weight of carbolite.

[0061] <Example 2> The butyl acetate solvent contains 7 wt% of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite nanomaterials per liter, along with 1 wt% ethylenediamine and 0.3 wt% fatty acid ester, all of which are completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent.

[0062] The nanomaterial consists of 27% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 25% by weight of carbolite.

[0063] <Example 3> The butyl acetate solvent contains 7 wt% of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite nanomaterials per liter, along with 1 wt% ethylenediamine, 0.3 wt% fatty acid ester, and 0.1 wt% siloxane, all of which are completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent.

[0064] The nanomaterial consists of 25% by weight of celadonite, 25% by weight of barnesite, 25% by weight of lizardite, and 25% by weight of carbolite.

[0065] <Example 4> The butyl acetate solvent contains 7 wt% of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carfolite nanomaterials per liter, 2 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 0.1 wt% of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN), and 0.05 wt% of siloxane, all of which are completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent.

[0066] The nanomaterial consists of 24% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 28% by weight of carbolite.

[0067] <Example 5> The butyl acetate solvent contains 7 wt% of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite nanomaterials per liter, 2 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 0.3 wt% of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate, and 0.05 wt% of siloxane, all of which are completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent.

[0068] The nanomaterial consists of 24% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 28% by weight of carbolite.

[0069] <Example 6> The butyl acetate solvent contains 7 wt% of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite nanomaterials per liter, along with 1.5 wt% of hindered phenol, 1 wt% of fatty acid ester, and 0.5 wt% of polyether polymer, all of which are completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent.

[0070] The nanomaterial consists of 27% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 26% by weight of lizardite, and 26% by weight of carbolite.

[0071] To confirm the performance of the fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines configured according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Examples 1 to 6 were prepared and compared with conventional fuel additives from Company B and Company H.

[0072] <Experiment 1> Fuel Reduction Rate Experiment Fuel: High-sulfur diesel fuel Test engines: Caterpillar 50ps (land-based generators), 8 units in total Additives: Fuel reduction compositions of embodiments 1-6, fuel additives of Company B and Company H Measuring device: Flow meter tank level (error 3.71L)

[0073] <Experimental Method> (1) Using one test engine, 50 liters of fuel were added and the engine was run at 2000 rpm for 1 hour. After the run, the amount of remaining fuel was measured to confirm the fuel consumption before the additive was used, and a total of 33 liters was consumed.

[0074] (2) After diluting each additive in a ratio of 2000:1, 50 liters of fuel were added, and the engine was run at 2000 rpm for 1 hour. After the run, the amount of remaining fuel was measured to confirm the fuel consumption after using each additive.

[0075] [Table 1]

[0076] Based on the experimental results above, it can be confirmed that while the fuel consumption before use was 33 liters, in Examples 1 to 6 it remained within the range of 24 to 25 liters.

[0077] In particular, little improvement in fuel efficiency was observed with the fuel additives from companies B and H.

[0078] In other words, while the fuel reduction rate was 25-30% in Examples 1-6 of the present invention, the fuel reduction rate was only about 9% for Company B and about 2% for Company H.

[0079] Therefore, it was confirmed that Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention exhibit a high fuel reduction rate.

[0080] <Experiment 2> Measurement of soot emissions Figures 1 to 4 show Example 2, which exhibits the best performance among the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and show the results of exhaust gas measurements taken after mixing with diesel fuel in an older diesel vehicle engine.

[0081] All four vehicles used in the test were older models with mileage ranging from 110,000 km to 220,000 km. Initially, all of them had high concentrations of emissions in their exhaust gases and failed the inspection. However, after adding the fuel reduction composition according to Example 2 of the present invention to the fuel, all of them passed the inspection, as shown in Figures 1 to 4.

[0082] From the results of Experiment 2 described above, it was confirmed that the fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines, constructed based on a preferred embodiment of the present invention, can significantly reduce emissions in the exhaust gas.

[0083] By using a fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines configured according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the nanomaterials is limited, and the inside of the combustion chamber can be efficiently cleaned without interfering with combustion.

[0084] By using a lubrication enhancer instead of surfactants to disperse nanomaterials, the dispersion is smoothly promoted, while also protecting the engine's combustion chamber and promoting complete combustion.

[0085] Furthermore, because the nanomaterials do not adhere to each other due to particle size limitations and the use of lubrication enhancers, combustion proceeds smoothly, complete combustion is achieved, and the desired effect is realized.

[0086] Although the present invention has been described based on preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical scope of the invention as defined by the claims described below.

Claims

1. A fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines, A nanomaterial consisting of celadonite, barnesite, lizardite, and carbolite is added to butyl acetate solvent in a proportion of 5-7% by weight, and the solution also contains 2% by weight of a lubrication enhancer. A fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines characterized by the following features.

2. The solution contains a total of 6% by weight of nanomaterials per liter of butyl acetate solvent, and the lubricity enhancer consists of 2% by weight of fatty acid methyl ester completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent, with the nanomaterials comprising 28% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 24% by weight of carbolite. The fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines according to claim 1.

3. The solution contains a total of 7% by weight of nanomaterials per liter of butyl acetate solvent, and the lubricity enhancer consists of 1% by weight of ethylenediamine and 0.3% by weight of fatty acid methyl ester completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent, with the nanomaterials comprising 27% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 25% by weight of carbolite. The fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines according to claim 1.

4. The solution contains a total of 7% by weight of nanomaterials per liter of butyl acetate solvent, and the lubricity enhancer consists of 1% by weight of ethylenediamine and 0.3% by weight of fatty acid methyl ester completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent, and further contains 0.1% by weight of siloxane as an antifoaming agent, and the nanomaterials consist of 25% by weight of celadonite, 25% by weight of barnesite, 25% by weight of lizardite, and 25% by weight of carbolite. The fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines according to claim 1.

5. The solution contains a total of 7% by weight of nanomaterials per liter of butyl acetate solvent, and the lubricity enhancer consists of 2% by weight of fatty acid methyl ester completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent, 0.1% by weight of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate as a cetane number enhancer, and 0.05% by weight of siloxane as an antifoaming agent, with the nanomaterials consisting of 24% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 28% by weight of carbolite. The fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines according to claim 1.

6. The solution contains a total of 7% by weight of nanomaterials per liter of butyl acetate solvent, and the lubricity enhancer consists of 2% by weight of fatty acid methyl ester completely dissolved in the butyl acetate solvent, 0.3% by weight of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate as a cetane number enhancer, and 0.05% by weight of siloxane as an antifoaming agent, with the nanomaterials consisting of 24% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 28% by weight of lizardite, and 28% by weight of carbolite. The fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines according to claim 1.

7. The solution contains a total of 7% by weight of nanomaterials per liter of butyl acetate solvent, and further contains 1.5% by weight of hindered phenol as an antioxidant, and the lubricity enhancer contains 1% by weight of fatty acid methyl ester and 0.5% by weight of polyether polymer as defoamers, with the nanomaterials consisting of 27% by weight of celadonite, 20% by weight of barnesite, 26% by weight of lizardite, and 26% by weight of carbolite. The fuel reduction composition for diesel internal combustion engines according to claim 1.

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