Crown-type brushless motor device and method

Abstract

A crown-type brushless motor comprises a stator and a rotor, the rotor including a cylindrical core member, the cylindrical core member including a plurality of first extensions extending from a first end of the cylindrical core member and a plurality of second extensions extending from a second end of the cylindrical core member. The rotor further includes stationary coil-like wires arranged around the cylindrical core member and magnetizing the cylindrical core member to generate an axial magnetic flux of the cylindrical core member. The plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are configured to divide and guide the magnetic flux when the cylindrical core member is magnetized by the stationary wires, thereby changing the direction of the magnetic flux from axial to non-axial directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Technical Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to motor devices, and more specifically to brushless motor devices and their operation.

Background Art

[0002] Background of the Invention A brushless motor typically includes a plurality of magnets attached to a rotor. Since the magnets rotate during the operation of the motor, care must be taken to ensure that the magnets are securely attached to the rotor to prevent vibration or detachment from the rotor, for example, to counteract the centrifugal force that may occur during high-speed rotation of the rotor. Adhesives such as nikawa, double-tail joints, or outer rings are frequently used to fix the magnets to the rotor.

[0003] However, over the service life of the motor, the magnets attached to the rotor are subjected to centrifugal force as the rotor rotates. Furthermore, permanent magnets for brushless motors are expensive motor components.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a solution that allows for avoiding attaching permanent magnets to the rotor or avoiding the use of permanent magnets in brushless motor arrangements.

Summary of the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] Summary of the Invention Improvements and advantages of embodiments of the present invention may include avoiding the use of expensive permanent magnets or additionally avoiding the need to support magnets.

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention can improve brushless motor technology by improving the control accuracy of brushless motors. This is because, for example, by using an extension that extends radially or axially from the rotor core and can separate the magnetization of the rotor core from one N-pole / S-pole to multiple N-pole and S-pole configurations during the magnetization of the rotor core, it becomes possible to adjust the magnetic field and magnetic flux based on the rotor shape.

[0007] Improvements and advantages of embodiments of the present invention may also include increased torque of the brushless motor. This is because, by arranging electromagnets on a stator that surrounds the rotor in the axial direction, the stator can have a larger radial diameter compared to stators known in the art and provide a larger surface area for mounting magnets compared to the rotor, thus potentially leading to more precise magnetic field interaction between the stator and the rotor.

[0008] One embodiment may include a crown-type brushless motor comprising a stator and a rotor. The rotor includes a cylindrical core member, which includes a plurality of first extensions extending from a first end of the cylindrical core member and a plurality of second extensions extending from a second end of the cylindrical core member. The rotor further includes wires, such as coils or coiled wires, arranged around the cylindrical core member.

[0009] In some embodiments, a plurality of first extensions and a plurality of second extensions are configured to induce magnetic flux when the cylindrical core member is magnetized.

[0010] In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions include a number of extensions selected from the group consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 32, 36, and 100.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of second extensions include a number of extensions selected from the group consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 32, 36, and 100.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are U-shaped extensions.

[0013] In some embodiments, the wire is stationary relative to the cylindrical core member and is configured to magnetically excite the cylindrical core member by induction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cylindrical core member, a plurality of first extensions, and a plurality of second extensions are magnetizable in the axial direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, a cylindrical core member that can be magnetized in the axial direction, a plurality of first extensions, and a plurality of second extensions form a single permanent magnet.

[0016] In some embodiments, the axial magnetization of the cylindrical core member is divided between a plurality of first extensions and a plurality of second extensions.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cylindrical core member is freely rotatable within a coiled wire, such as a stationary coil, arranged around the cylindrical core member.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cylindrical core member is selected from iron stacks, permanent magnetic materials, soft magnetic composites (SMCs), or combinations thereof.

[0019] In some embodiments, the cylindrical core member, a plurality of first extensions, and a plurality of second extensions are selected from an iron laminated stack, a permanent magnetic material, SMC, or a combination thereof.

[0020] In some embodiments, the multiple extending first extensions are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first end of the cylindrical core member.

[0021] In some embodiments, the multiple extending second portions are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second end of the cylindrical core member.

[0022] In some embodiments, the motor includes an opening configured to ventilate the rotor and the stator at a rotor flange between the rotor and the stator.

[0023] In some embodiments, the wire arrangement is mounted on the stator. In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions extend towards a central level of the cylindrical core member.

[0024] In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions extend outwardly towards a central level of the cylindrical core member.

[0025] In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions extend inwardly towards a central level of the cylindrical core member.

[0026] In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions includes a first member connected to a first end of the cylindrical core member, the first member includes a first circular base, and the plurality of first extensions extend from the first circular base.

[0027] In some embodiments, the plurality of second extensions includes a second member connected to a second end of the cylindrical core member, the second member includes a second circular base, and the plurality of second extensions extend from the second circular base.

[0028] In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are configured to guide the flow of magnetic flux from the plurality of first extensions to the plurality of second extensions.

[0029] In some embodiments, the magnetic flux is located outside the cylindrical core member. In some embodiments, the magnetic flux is located inside the cylindrical core member.

[0030] In some embodiments, the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are arranged alternately.

[0031] In some embodiments, each extension of a plurality of first extensions and each extension of a plurality of second extensions are separated by grooves that separate each extension into extension pairs.

[0032] In some embodiments, the grooves are configured to re-direct the magnetic flux from the rotor to the stator.

[0033] In some embodiments, the output of mechanical energy by a crown-type brushless motor is controlled by one or more of the following: the shapes of a plurality of first and a plurality of second extensions, the magnetic flux direction between the plurality of first and a plurality of second extensions, the stator polarity, the electrical energy applied to each of the stator electromagnets, the distance between the plurality of first extensions and the stator electromagnets, and the distance between the plurality of second extensions and the stator electromagnets.

[0034] In some embodiments, the stator includes multiple electromagnets. In some embodiments, multiple electromagnets are arranged radially around the rotor's axis of rotation.

[0035] In some embodiments, multiple electromagnets are mounted on a stator. In some embodiments, each of the multiple electromagnets of the stator encloses a section of one of the multiple first extensions and a section of one of the multiple second extensions.

[0036] In some embodiments, each of the multiple electromagnets is polarizable to generate a repulsive force between the magnetic fields of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor.

[0037] In some embodiments, each of the multiple electromagnets is polarizable to generate an attractive force between the magnetic fields of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor.

[0038] In some embodiments, the stator is configured to adjust the torque and / or rotational speed of a cylindrical core member by acting on one or more electromagnets among a plurality of electromagnets.

[0039] In some embodiments, each of the multiple electromagnets is configured to periodically switch its polarity and interact with the rotor's magnetic field to rotate the cylindrical core member around its axial axis.

[0040] One embodiment may include a method for operating a crown-type brushless motor, which includes a stator including a plurality of electromagnets arranged radially around a rotor axis, and a rotor, the rotor including a cylindrical core member. The cylindrical core member includes a plurality of first extensions extending from a first end of the cylindrical core member and a plurality of second extensions extending from a second end of the cylindrical core member, each of the plurality of first extensions and each of the plurality of second extensions being separated by grooves separating each extension into an extension pair. The rotor further includes wires arranged around the cylindrical core member. The method includes a) magnetically acting the wires to polarize pairs of first and second extensions of the rotor, and b) magnetically acting one or more electromagnets of the stator to generate magnetization that causes a repulsive force between one or more electromagnets and first sections of extension pairs, thereby rotating the rotor.

[0041] In some embodiments, the method comprises the step of magnetically activating one or more electromagnets of a stator to generate a magnetization that produces an attractive force between one or more electromagnets and a second section of an extension pair.

[0042] These additional and / or other aspects and / or advantages of the present invention are described in the following detailed description, can be inferred from the detailed description, and / or can be learned through the practice of the present invention.

[0043] The subject matter considered to be the present invention is specifically pointed out and explicitly asserted in the concluding portion of the specification. However, the present invention, with respect to its configuration and operation, as well as its purpose, features, and advantages, can be best understood by reading with reference to the accompanying drawings and referring to the following detailed description. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0044] [Figure 1A] This figure shows a conventional brushless motor rotor that is well known in relation to the technology in question. [Figure 1B] This figure shows a brushless rotor with a conventional magnet arrangement of four magnets mounted on the rotor shaft. [Figure 2A] This figure shows examples of a plurality of first and a plurality of second rotor extensions for a brushless motor according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2B] This is an exploded view showing three components of a rotor of a crown-type brushless motor according to some embodiments of the present invention: a cylindrical core member, a plurality of first axially extending portions, and a plurality of second axially extending portions. [Figure 2C] This figure shows examples of rotor assemblies according to several embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2D] This figure shows an example of a rotor in the form of an axially magnetized tubular rotor, comprising six first radially extending portions and six second radially extending portions, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2E] This figure shows the magnetic field exhibited by a tubular permanent magnet, a well-known type of magnet in this technology. [Figure 2F] This figure shows an axially magnetized tubular rotor including a cylindrical core having a first extension and a second extension, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2G] This figure shows a cylindrical core member, according to some embodiments of the present invention, which includes first and second extensions extending outward from one end of the cylindrical core member. [Figure 2H]This figure shows an axially magnetized tubular rotor comprising a cylindrical core member, a plurality of first extensions, and a plurality of second extensions, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2I] This figure shows an axially magnetized tubular rotor including a cylindrical core member, which includes a plurality of first extensions and a plurality of second extensions extending inward from the cylindrical core member, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2J] This figure shows a rotor of a crown-type brushless motor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which a cylindrical core, a plurality of first extensions, and a second extension are composed of a single solid permanent magnet component. [Figure 2K] This figure shows a rotor according to some embodiments of the present invention, which is mounted on a cylindrical core, magnetized in the axial direction, and includes a plurality of first extensions and a plurality of second extensions that form a single solid permanent magnet rotor. [Figure 2L] This figure shows some examples of a crown-type brushless motor in which a plurality of first extensions and a plurality of second extensions are arranged alternately, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view showing a crown-type brushless motor according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 4] This figure shows a crown-shaped rotor made of a soft iron laminated stack according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor of a crown-type brushless motor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which the applied magnetic field is represented as magnetic field lines spreading from a plurality of first extending portions through a cylindrical core member to a plurality of second extending portions. [Figure 6] This figure shows a rotor having six first extensions and six second extensions, including magnetic field lines indicating the flow from the first extension to the second extension, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 7] This figure shows a rotor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, which includes a cylindrical core member, in which each extension of a plurality of first extensions and each extension of a plurality of second extensions are separated by grooves that separate each extension into extension pairs. [Figure 8] This figure shows a rotor arrangement according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which the rotor has a primary division and a secondary division, has 12 north poles and 12 south poles, and illustrates the magnetic field lines flowing from the north pole to the south pole in a free air medium. [Figure 9] This figure shows a crown-type brushless motor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, which includes a plurality of electromagnets mounted concentrically on a stator and surrounding a rotor. [Figure 10] This is a cross-sectional view showing a rotor and surrounding electromagnet according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 11A] This figure shows a section of a stacked radial rotor according to some embodiments of the present invention, having a plurality of six first extensions, each extension being separated into extension pairs by grooves, and each extension being in proximity to five electromagnets. [Figure 11B] This figure shows a soft iron laminated stack rotor in a non-polarized state, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 11C] This figure shows a magnetized rotor surrounded by electromagnets that are partially in operation. [Figure 11D] This figure shows a magnetized rotor surrounded by electromagnets, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which each of the multiple electromagnets is polarizable to generate a repulsive force between the magnetic fields of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor, or to generate an attractive force between the magnetic fields of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor. [Figure 12] This figure shows some brush motors according to several embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 13] This figure shows a portion of a magnetized rotor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, which includes a plurality of first extensions with six pole shapes, and the stator includes three non-operating electromagnets. [Figure 14] This figure shows a portion of a magnetized rotor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which the stator includes three electromagnets, one of which operates with a polarity opposite to that of the rotor and two non-operating electromagnets, and which includes a plurality of first extensions with six pole shapes. [Figure 15] This figure shows an example of a method for creating a neutralization region between two electromagnets adjacent to a plurality of first and a plurality of second extensions, according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 16] This figure shows a U-shaped electromagnet, a well-known example of conventional technology. [Figure 17] This figure shows a U-shaped electromagnet, which includes a rotor segment that can rotate along a vertical axis, as is well known in the prior art. [Figure 18] This figure shows an example of a crown-type brushless motor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, which includes a radial crown-type rotor comprising three axially magnetized cylindrical permanent magnets, three first radially extending portions, and three second radially extending portions. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0045] Detailed description of embodiments of the invention Please note that, in order to make the illustrations concise and clear, the elements shown in the figures are not necessarily depicted to actual size. For example, for clarity, the dimensions of some elements may be exaggerated relative to others. Furthermore, reference numbers may be repeated between figures to indicate corresponding or similar elements where necessary.

[0046] The following detailed description includes many specific details to ensure a full understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be carried out without these specific details. In other examples, well-known methods, procedures, and components are not described in detail so as not to obscure the invention.

[0047] Before describing in detail at least one embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited in its application to the structural and arrangement details of the components described below or shown in the drawings. The present invention is also applicable to other embodiments that can be carried out or performed in various ways, and to combinations of the disclosed embodiments. It should also be understood that the expressions and terms used herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as restrictive.

[0048] As used herein, "magnetic pole" may refer to the region or location at each end of a magnet where the external magnetic field is strongest, such as on a magnetized rotor, a magnetized cylindrical core member, or an electromagnet on a stator. There are two types of magnetic poles: "north pole" and "south pole." The interaction between these poles can influence the behavior of a magnet (e.g., attraction and repulsion).

[0049] As used herein, "north pole" may refer, for example, to the region of a magnet from which magnetic field lines extend outward into the surrounding space. A north pole may be attracted to the south pole of another magnet and repelled by the north pole of another magnet.

[0050] As used herein, "south pole" may refer, for example, to the region where magnetic field lines enter a magnet and converge toward the magnet. A south pole may be attracted to the north pole of another magnet and repelled by the south pole of another magnet.

[0051] As used herein, "brushless motor" may refer to, for example, an electric motor that operates without using brushes, for example, by using electronic commutation.

[0052] Figure 1A shows a conventional brushless motor rotor 100 well known in the art. The brushless motor rotor 100 may include a rotor core 102, four permanent magnets 103 (only three magnets are referenced in Figure 1A) that form a radial arrangement around a rotor shaft 104, and two metal cups 101 that secure the magnets 103 to the centrifugal force that may occur during the rotation of the rotor core 102. Generally, in an arrangement having four permanent magnets 103, the rotor 100 may have four poles, namely two negatively charged regions (also referred to herein as north poles) and two positively charged regions (also referred to herein as south poles).

[0053] Figure 1B shows a brushless rotor having four conventional magnet arrangements 110, 111, 112, and 113 mounted on a rotor shaft 115. In all four of these arrangements, multiple magnets 116 (e.g., four, six, or eight magnets) are mounted on the rotor shaft 115 and may be subjected to high forces such as centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the rotor 115. Such exposure to rotational forces can cause the magnets 116 to loosen, potentially leading to the risk of the magnets 116 falling off and serious damage to the motor components.

[0054] The present invention may relate to a brushless motor. In a brushless motor, the magnetic flux of the motor is controlled by a single magnet (e.g., a permanent magnet or a magnetizable electromagnet) that forms part of the cylindrical core member of the rotor, constitutes part of the stator, or can interact with one or more magnets (e.g., electromagnets) attached to the stator. In one embodiment, a crown-type brushless motor includes a stator and a rotor.

[0055] The rotor may include a cylindrical core member. The rotor may be a magnet or may be made of a magnetizable material. For example, the cylindrical core of the rotor may be an electromagnet and may be actuated by coiled wires (e.g., coils), such as a stationary actuating coil, arranged around the cylindrical core member of the rotor. The stationary actuating coil and the laminated cylindrical core may be arranged concentrically with respect to each other and with respect to the stator. The cylindrical core may be a permanent magnet of any kind and shape and may be made of a soft magnetic composite material (SMC) composed of a single element or multiple elements. If the cylindrical core member is a magnet such as a permanent magnet, the magnet is already actuated and therefore it is not necessary to arrange coiled wires (e.g., coils) around the cylindrical core member.

[0056] The cylindrical core member may include a plurality of first extensions extending from a first end of the cylindrical core member. The cylindrical core member may include a plurality of second extensions extending from a second end of the cylindrical core member. The plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions may be crown-shaped, or for example, sawtooth-shaped, and the magnetic flux of the cylindrical core member (e.g., a single magnetic source magnet) may be divided into the plurality of magnetic extensions. The plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions may include axial extensions. For example, the sawtooth portion of the axial extension may have the same diameter as the diameter of the cylindrical core member and may extend outward or inward from the cylindrical core member.

[0057] For example, the cylindrical core member, the plurality of first extensions, and the plurality of second extensions may have the shape of a rod with a crown-shaped end and can be magnetized in the axial direction of the rod. The cylindrical core member may be a solid permanent magnet, or it may be made of a soft magnetic composite material (SMC), and may be positioned (for example, sandwiched) between the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions, which may be made of a soft iron laminate, soft magnetic composite material (SMC), or permanent magnetic material. As an example, the cylindrical core member and the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions of the rotor may be made of a soft iron laminate stack or SMC and can be magnetically excited by a coiled wire (for example, a stationary coil).

[0058] For example, the plurality of first extensions and / or the plurality of second extensions may extend radially from the cylindrical core member. The plurality of first extensions and / or the plurality of second extensions may be U-shaped extensions and may extend outward from the cylindrical core member, and the extension ends of the plurality of first extensions may face the extension ends of the plurality of second extensions. The plurality of first extensions and / or the plurality of second extensions may be U-shaped extensions and may extend inward from the cylindrical core member, and the extension ends of the plurality of first extensions may face the extension ends of the plurality of second extensions. The U-shaped extensions may guide or induce magnetic flux between the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions. For example, a negative magnetic field between the plurality of first extensions may be guided or induced into a positive magnetic field between the plurality of second extensions. Depending on the inward or outward orientation of the U-shaped extension, the magnetic flux is directed inward within the cylindrical core member or outward outside the cylindrical core member.

[0059] For example, the number of first and second extensions may not be limited. In some examples, the number of first and second extensions may range from 1 to 100, for example, 4, 6, 8, 32, or 36 extensions.

[0060] The plurality of first extensions and / or the plurality of second extensions may include crown-shaped elements, which may have a primary division of sawtooth in a crown-ring shape with a plurality of sawtooths rigidly coupled to each other. The plurality of first extensions and / or the plurality of second extensions may be attached to or form part of a cylindrical core member, and therefore may not require support against centrifugal force, unlike magnets attached to a rotor, for example, as shown in Figures 1A and 1B. The crown-shaped elements may be molded for optimal meshing with the electromagnet core of the stator. For example, the shape and dimensions of the edges of each extension may be adapted to shapes different from those commonly used in brushless motors using permanent magnets.

[0061] The rotor may include a coiled wire arranged around a cylindrical core member. The coiled wire may be stationary relative to the cylindrical core member, or it may be configured to magnetically excite the cylindrical core member by induction. For example, the coiled wire may be a coaxial stationary coil rigidly coupled to any part of the stator or motor frame of a brushless motor. The inner diameter of the stationary coil may be slightly larger than the cylindrical core member so that the cylindrical core member of the rotor rotates freely and is magnetically excited during the rotation of the rotor.

[0062] For example, the cylindrical core member may be rod-shaped, and a plurality of first extensions extending from a first end of the cylindrical core member and a plurality of second extensions extending from a second end of the cylindrical core member may be crown-shaped and may be magnetizable by a wire (e.g., coaxial stationary coil) surrounding the cylindrical core member. The shape of the extensions may be customizable and may be formed into any three-dimensional shape suitable for use in a brushless motor. The cylindrical core member may be surrounded by a stator. The stator may include a plurality of magnets (e.g., electromagnets). Each of the electromagnets surrounding the stator is magnetizable and can form, for example, an N pole and an S pole.

[0063] The relationship between the rotor and the stator may be controlled by the shape of the crown-shaped extensions, the magnetic flux paths between the extensions, the control of the polarity of the stator electromagnets, the application of specific power to each stator electromagnet, and the control of distance (e.g., the air gap size between the multiple first and multiple second extensions and the electromagnet cores of the electromagnets arranged in the stator).

[0064] Figure 2A shows examples of a plurality of first extensions 202A and a plurality of second extensions 202B for a crown-type brushless motor according to some embodiments of the present invention. Each plurality of extensions may have a central ring 204A or 204B and eight extensions 206A-206H or 208A-208H. For example, the central ring 204A and the eight extensions 206A-206E may be configured as a rigid structure, such as a structure that can withstand centrifugal force when the rotor rotates at high speed. While extensions 202A and 202B may have eight extensions, the number of extensions is not limited to eight and can vary from one to multiple extensions.

[0065] Figure 2B is an exploded view showing three components of a brushless motor rotor 210 according to some embodiments of the present invention: a cylindrical core member 213, a plurality of first extensions 215, and a plurality of second extensions 217. The crown-shaped extensions 215 and 217 may also be axial extensions of the cylindrical core member 213. The cylindrical core member 213 may be a solid permanent magnet or may be made of soft magnetic composite material (SMC). In this case, a coil, wire, or coiled wire may not be required to magnetize the cylindrical core member. The cylindrical core member 213 may include an electromagnet (for example, actuated by a coiled wire arranged around the cylindrical core member as shown in Figure 3, e.g., wire 314 shown in Figure 3) and may function as a solid magnet having one axial negative polarity (e.g., N pole 219) and one axial positive polarity (e.g., S pole 221). The crown-shaped extensions 215 and 217 may be made of soft iron. The crown-shaped extensions 215 and 217 may each include a central ring 223 and 225 and a plurality of extensions (e.g., six extensions) arranged around it. The extension 215 or 217 may also be part of the central ring 223 or 225 and can withstand the centrifugal force when the rotor rotates at high speed.

[0066] Figure 2C shows an example of an assembly of a rotor 210 according to several embodiments of the present invention. The rotor 210 may include an assembly of a cylindrical core member 213, a crown extension 215, and a crown extension 217. When a plurality of first extensions (e.g., crown extensions 215C) are attached to the north pole 219 of a magnetically polarized cylindrical core member 213 (e.g., a permanent magnet), the magnetic flux may flow through the crown ring 223 of the crown extension 215, or it may branch into extensions 215A to 215F. In the case of six extensions 215A to 215F, six axially negative north poles 220 may be generated. In the polarized state (e.g., during motor operation), the magnetic flux may flow axially along the cylindrical core member, for example, in the plane of the magnet core cross-section 227. The magnetic flux reaches the crown ring 223 of the crown-shaped extension 215, and may be separated upon entering the ring 223, dividing it into extensions 215A to 215F. During motor operation, if there are six extensions 217A to 217F (only four poles 217A to 217D are shown in Figure 2C), six axially positively polarized S poles 222 may be generated.

[0067] With respect to polarization in the crown-shaped extension 215, the sum of the six regions represented by the N poles 220 located at the tips of the extensions 215A to 215F may be smaller than the surface area of ​​the diameter of the cylindrical core member 227. Since magnetic flux density is inversely proportional to the area affected, the magnetic flux density emitted from the sum of the six regions represented by the N poles 220 may be significantly higher than the average magnetic flux density located at / emitted from the cross-section 227, which is represented by the diameter of the cylindrical core member 213. An innovative step in some embodiments of the present invention may be that the shapes of the multiple first extensions 215 and multiple second extensions 217 can be adapted / customizable depending on the motor application. For example, the magnetic flux generated during motor operation can be adjusted / modified based on the shapes of the extensions 215 and 217 to achieve, for example, a brushless motor design that results in a higher performance motor.

[0068] Figure 2D shows an example of a rotor 210 in the form of an axially magnetized tubular rotor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, which includes six first extensions 215 and six second extensions 217. The six first extensions 215 and the six second extensions 217 may be attached to rings 223 and 225, respectively.

[0069] Figure 2E shows two figures, 230 and 240, of the magnetic field exhibited by a tubular permanent magnet 232 known in the art. Magnetic flux can flow from the north pole 234 to the south pole 235 via the outer path 236 and the inner path 237.

[0070] Figure 2F shows two figures, 245 and 255, of an axially magnetized tubular rotor 246, including a cylindrical core member 248 having a first extension 249 and a second extension 250, according to some embodiment of the present invention. The axially magnetized tubular rotor 246 may include a plurality of U-shaped, crown-shaped first extensions 249 and second extensions 250 that extend outward from a first end of the cylindrical core member 248A and a second end of the cylindrical core member 248B. Because the plurality of first extensions 249 and the plurality of second extensions 250 extend outward, the plurality of outward-facing first extensions 2008 may guide magnetic flux from the N pole 251 to the S pole 252 located in the plurality of second extensions 250 to the outside of the cylindrical core member 248. Since magnetic field lines are preferably located within a ferromagnetic material rather than in air, the orientation of the U-shaped first extensions 249 and second extensions 250 can make it possible to generate magnetic flux located inside or outside the cylindrical core member 248. Therefore, by separating the magnetic flux from the main magnetic source (e.g., the cylindrical core member 248) into the multiple first extensions 249 and the multiple second extensions 250, it becomes possible to design the paths of the magnetic lines and control the magnetic flux density at each cross-section along the magnetic flux path within the magnetic field.

[0071] Figure 2G shows two figures 260 and 265 of a cylindrical core member 248 including a first extension 249 and a second extension 250 according to some embodiment of the present invention, the first and second extensions having U-shaped extensions extending outward from one end of the cylindrical core member 248. The magnetic flux 253 may be located outside the cylindrical core member 248 from the north pole 251 to the south pole 252, or it may move inside the cylindrical core member 248 from the south pole 252 to the north pole 251.

[0072] Figure 2H shows an axially magnetized tubular rotor 270 according to some embodiments of the present invention, comprising a cylindrical core member 273, a plurality of first extensions 274, and a plurality of second extensions 275. The cylindrical core member 273 may be a solid permanent magnet, or it may be made of a soft magnetic composite material (SMC), and may be positioned between (for example, sandwiched between) the plurality of first extensions 274 and the plurality of second extensions 275, which may be made of, for example, mild iron (such as a mild iron laminate, a soft magnetic composite material (SMC), or a permanent magnetic material). Each extension of the plurality of first extensions 274 may be separated by grooves (e.g., grooves 276) that separate each extension into an extension pair 278. Each extension of the plurality of second extensions 275 may be separated by grooves 276 that separate each extension into an extension pair 279. Therefore, the plurality of first extensions 274 and the plurality of second extensions 275 may have eight extensions 274A to 274H and 275A to 275H, which are not individually shown in Figure 2H. These extensions may be separated into eight extension pair groups by grooves 276 to form 16 north poles for the plurality of first extensions and 16 south poles for the plurality of second extensions. The extensions of the plurality of first extensions 274 and the plurality of second extensions 275 may be attached to crown rings 283 and 285, respectively. For example, each segment may be curved toward the center level of the cylindrical core, represented by segments 283A and 285A for segments located at the north poles and by segments 283B and 285B for segments located at the south poles. As shown in Figure 2H, the plurality of first extensions 274 and the plurality of second extensions 275 may extend outward toward the center level of the cylindrical core member 273. Magnetic flux located on the north pole surfaces 281A and 282A may be directed toward the south pole surfaces 281B and 282B without causing any magnetic interference in other spatial directions, for example. Arrows 280A and 280B may represent how the magnetic flux is guided through the extensions located on the north and south poles. Specifically, the magnetic flux may be guided outward from the north pole surfaces 281A and 282A to the south pole surfaces 281B and 282B.Surfaces 281A / B and 282A / B may be configured to be close to the electromagnetic cores of the stator electromagnets. For example, the stator electromagnet cores may be located between surfaces 281A and 281B. Since the extensions are shape-adjustable, their shape may be adjusted to suit, for example, a suitable or preferred arrangement of the electromagnets placed in the stator. In this way, the dimensions of the extensions 274 and 275 can be adapted to constraints in the configuration of the stator electromagnets or enable efficient interaction between the stator and the rotor. For example, by adapting the shapes of multiple first extensions 274 and multiple second extensions 275 to the spatial requirements of the stator, the outer diameter of the rotor can be precisely machined. As a result, the distance between the rotor and the stator may be less than 50 micrometers.

[0073] Since magnetic flux density is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of ​​an object, the cross-sectional area of ​​each extension is significantly smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylindrical core member, and the magnetic flux density at the tip 282A or 282B of the extension may be higher than the magnetic flux density observed in the cross-section of the cylindrical core member (e.g., surface 227), as shown in Figure 2B.

[0074] The openings in the rotor flange and the space between the rotor and stator may be configured to ventilate the rotor and stator, allowing air to enter the motor arrangement. The influx of air into the motor may further allow for cooling of the rotor and stator, preventing overheating of the crown-type brushless motor. The openings may reduce the rotor's weight and inertia.

[0075] Figure 2I shows two figures, 288A and 288B, of an axially magnetized tubular rotor 270, including a cylindrical core member 273, which includes a plurality of first extensions 274 and a plurality of second extensions 275 extending inward from the cylindrical core member 273, according to some embodiment of the present invention. Each of the plurality of first extensions 274 and the plurality of second extensions 275 may have a U-shape and may extend inward toward the center of the rotation axis of the cylindrical core member 273. As shown in Figure 2I, the plurality of first extensions 274 and the plurality of second extensions 275 may extend inward toward the center level of the cylindrical core. As a result, the extensions 274 and 275 may guide the magnetic flux back internally from the N pole located at the extension 274 to the S pole located at the extension 275.

[0076] Figure 2J shows a rotor 270 of a crown-type brushless motor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which a cylindrical core member 273, a plurality of first extensions 274, and a second extension 275 are composed of a single solid permanent magnet component.

[0077] Figure 2K shows a rotor 270 according to several embodiments of the present invention, which includes a plurality of first extensions 274 and a plurality of second extensions 275 attached to a cylindrical core member 273 and magnetized in the axial direction. For example, the cylindrical core member 273, extensions 274 and 275 may form a single solid permanent magnet rotor, while the cylindrical core member 273 may be a permanent magnet, and the extensions 274 and 275 may be made of soft iron, and may form a single solid permanent magnet rotor. For example, as shown in Figure 2K, the rotor 270 may include first extensions 274 and second extensions 275 mounted back-to-back on crown rings 283 and 285. The crown rings 283 and 285 may form the cylindrical core member 273. A rotor 270 may be provided, which includes a first extension 274 and a second extension 275, respectively, positioned on the crown rings 283 and 285, which are magnetized in opposite axial directions, with the extension 274 forming the north pole of the rotor 270 and the extension 275 forming the south pole of the rotor 270. For example, the rotor 270 may be a single permanent magnet.

[0078] Figure 2L is three Figures 289A to 289C showing some examples of a crown-type brushless motor 290 in which a plurality of first extensions 291 and a plurality of second extensions 292 are arranged alternately, according to some embodiments of the present invention. In Figure 289A, the brushless motor 290 may include a stator 293 and a rotor 294 including a cylindrical core member 295 sandwiched between a plurality of first extensions 291 and a plurality of second extensions 292. The extensions 291 and 292 may each include four extensions 291A to 291D and 292A to 292D. The extensions 291A to 291D of the first extensions 291 may be rotated, for example, 45° axially relative to the extensions 292A to 292D of the second extensions 292. As a result of this axial rotation, the extensions 292A to 292D of extension 292 may overlap with the ring 296 of extension 291, and the extensions 291A to 291D of extension 291 may overlap with the ring 297 of extension 292. Figure 289B shows a state in which the rotor 294 and the cylindrical core member 295 of the rotor 294 can be sandwiched by the extensions 291 and 292, illustrating the relative positions when the extensions 291 and 292 are arranged alternately. Figure 289C shows the arrangement of the cylindrical core 295, extensions 291 and 292 within the stator 293. As shown in Figure 2L, the intertwined extensions can provide a more advantageous stimulus between the rotor and stator compared to, for example, the permanent magnets for the conventional brushless motor shown in Figure 1B. The ends of the extensions 291 and 292 shown in Figure 2L can be spatially positioned in the same locations as the permanent magnet 116 shown in Figure 1B, but they are less affected by centrifugal force than the rotor shown in Figure 1B.

[0079] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a crown-type brushless motor 300, including a stator 310 and a rotor 320, according to some embodiments of the present invention. The brushless motor 300 may include a laminated rotor 320 made of, for example, soft iron, and a coiled wire 314 arranged around a cylindrical core member 321, such as a stationary coil 314 rigidly coupled to the stator 310 via a frame 313 and radial lugs 312. In some embodiments, the coiled wire arrangement 314 (e.g., stationary coil) may be attached to the stator 310. The diameter of the stationary coil 314 may be slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical core 321. This arrangement of coiled wire 314 and cylindrical core 321 allows the rotor 320 to be magnetically excited by induction or the like when the motor is in use, and to rotate freely within the coiled wire 314 arranged in the stator 310. The space between the rotor flange opening 315 and / or the cylindrical core member of the rotor 321 and the stator 310 may allow for ventilation (e.g., air cooling) of the rotor 320 and stator 310. For example, the rotor 320 and stator 310 can be cooled by allowing airflow 325 to flow through the space between the rotor 320 and stator 310.

[0080] Figure 4 shows a crown-shaped rotor 420 composed of a soft iron laminated stack according to some embodiments of the present invention. The rotor 420 may have three parts: 1) a relatively small cylindrical rotor core 421; 2) a plurality of first extensions 422 extending from the rotor core 421 that are magnetizable to generate an N pole having, for example, six N pole radial extensions 423; and 3) a plurality of second extensions 424 extending from the rotor core 421 that are magnetizable to generate an S pole having, for example, six S pole radial extensions 425. The axial magnetization of the cylindrical core member may be divided between the plurality of first extensions 422 and the plurality of second extensions 424. The first extensions 422 may be evenly distributed along the circumference of a first circular base, and the second extensions 424 may be evenly distributed along the circumference of a second circular base. For example, the six radially extending portions 423 of the first extending portion 422 may be arranged at 60° angular intervals along the rotation axis of the cylindrical core member.

[0081] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor 520 of a crown-type brushless motor, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which the applied magnetic field is represented as magnetic field lines 525. The magnetic field lines 525 originate from the north pole of the cylindrical core member 521 and may pass through the crown ring 522 and six radial north pole extensions 523 (only four of the six extensions are shown). The magnetic field lines 527 may reach the south pole of the cylindrical core member 521 via six radial south pole extensions 524 (only four of the six extensions are shown) and the crown ring 528.

[0082] Figure 6 shows a rotor 620 having a cylindrical core member 621 and six first extensions 623 located at the north pole 622A and six second extensions 624 located at the south pole 622B. The first and second extensions may be configured to guide the flow of magnetic flux from the first extensions 623A to 623F to the second extensions 624A to 624F. In this arrangement, the magnetic flux may be represented by magnetic fluxes 627A to 627D, and the magnetic flux located at the north pole 622A may be guided outward by the extension 623A (step 627C), or it may be transferred to the extension 624A located at the south pole 622B (step 627D). The magnetic flux may be transferred inward to the south pole (step 627A), or it may be transferred to the north pole 622A within the cylindrical core member 621 (step 627B).

[0083] Figure 7 shows a rotor 720 including a cylindrical core member 721, in which each of the first extensions 723A to 723F and each of the second extensions 724A to 724F (only 724A to 724D are shown in Figure 7) can be separated by grooves (e.g., groove 730) that separate each extension into an extension pair. The first extensions 723A to 723F may include six extension pairs that, when magnetized, produce twelve N poles. The second extensions 724A to 724F include six extension pairs that, when magnetized, produce twelve S poles. For example, each extension of an extension pair formed via groove 730 in extension 724C may divide a single S pole extension 724C into two magnetized states as indicated by arrows 728A and 728B. By separating the first and second extended sections into extended section pairs, it may be possible to improve the precision of the rotor 720 when it interacts with the stator electromagnets (e.g., electromagnet 933 shown in Figure 9) to adjust the speed of the rotor 720 to the required mechanical output of the motor.

[0084] Figure 8 shows a rotor arrangement in which the rotor 820 has primary and secondary divisions and forms 12 north poles 822 and 12 south poles 824, according to some embodiments of the present invention, and the magnetic field lines 827 flowing through the air from the north poles 822 to the south poles 824 will be described.

[0085] Figure 9 shows a crown-type brushless motor 900 according to some embodiment of the present invention, which includes a plurality of electromagnets 933 (e.g., 36 electromagnets) concentrically mounted on a stator 911 and surrounding a rotor 920. For example, the electromagnets may be arranged radially around the rotation axis of the rotor. For example, the plurality of electromagnets may be mounted on the stator. Each electromagnet 933 of the stator 911 may surround one of the first extensions and one of the second extensions. For example, as shown in Figure 9, the N-polarization extension 940 may be surrounded by electromagnets 933A to 933E. Each of the plurality of electromagnets may be polarizable to generate a repulsive force between the magnetic fields of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor. Each of the plurality of electromagnets may be polarizable to generate an attractive force between the magnetic fields of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor. Therefore, the motor 900 may be configured to adjust the torque and / or rotational speed of the cylindrical core member by acting on one or more electromagnets among a plurality of electromagnets arranged on the stator 911.

[0086] Since the electromagnets 933 of the stator 911 can be positioned outside the cylindrical core member 920, the crown-type brushless motor 900 can be configured with a stator 911 containing a significantly larger number of electromagnets compared to the number of electromagnets shown in Figures 1A and 1B. In the magnet arrangements shown in Figures 1A and 1B, the magnets 103 are positioned inside the rotor 100, so the number of magnets 103 is limited by the size of the cylindrical core member of the rotor (e.g., the diameter of the cylindrical core member). Therefore, in the brushless motor 900 shown in Figure 9 or the rotor 270 shown in Figure 2H, it may be possible to prepare a stator 911 with a significantly larger number of electromagnets 933. For example, as shown in Figure 9, the stator may contain 36 electromagnets, which is significantly more than the number of magnets 103 shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B. The large number of electromagnets 933 allows for the design of a crown-type brushless motor with a large number of poles, which can improve the operating accuracy of the brushless motor compared to motors known in the art.

[0087] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotor 1000 and surrounding electromagnets 1033 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The rotor 1021 may include a laminated cylindrical core member 1021 surrounded by coiled wires (e.g., rotor coil 1014) and a section of electromagnets (e.g., one of 36 electromagnets 1033 of a stator). For example, the rotor coil 1014 may be actuated (e.g., excited by an applied current) to magnetize the rotor 1000, with a plurality of first extensions 1040 forming the north pole 1031 of the rotor 1000, and a plurality of second extensions 1042 forming the south pole 1032 of the rotor 1000. The operation of electromagnet 1033 (for example, by applying current to the electromagnet coil 1015) induces the polarity of electromagnet 1033, potentially causing the north pole 1034A to be guided closer to the south pole 1032 of rotor 1000, and the south pole 1034B to be guided closer to the north pole 1031 of rotor 1000. In such an arrangement, attractive forces may act between the north pole 1034A of the electromagnet and the south pole 1032 of the rotor, and between the south pole 1034B of the electromagnet and the north pole 1031 of the rotor. If electromagnet 1033 is operated in the reverse direction, a repulsive force may be generated between the rotor pole and the electromagnet pole. In other words, the operation of electromagnet 1033 induces a change in its polarity, potentially inducing a south pole 1034A to be close to the south pole 1032 of rotor 1000, and a north pole 1034B to be close to the north pole 1031 of rotor 1000. In such an arrangement, repulsive forces may act between the north pole 1034A of the electromagnet and the south pole 1032 of rotor, and between the south pole 1034B of the electromagnet and the north pole 1031 of rotor.

[0088] Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D show the operating steps in the operating sequence of the rotor 1140 and the stator electromagnet 1133 of the stator 1111 for rotating the rotor 1140 of the motor 1100.

[0089] Figure 11A shows a section of a laminated radial rotor 1140 having six first extensions 1131A to 1131F (only extensions 1131A, 1131B, 1131C, 1131E, and 1131F are shown in Figure 11A), where each extension is separated into extension pairs by grooves (e.g., groove 1130), providing, for example, six extension pairs. Each extension pair may be positioned in close proximity to five electromagnets. For example, the proximity distance between an extension pair and an electromagnet may be 10 to 100 micrometers, for example, 50 micrometers. For simplification of the illustration, the electromagnets surrounding the remaining extensions 1131B to 1131F are omitted in Figure 11A, and only the electromagnets 1133A to 1133E surrounding extension pair 1131A are shown in Figure 11A. The five electromagnets 1133A to 1133E may be positioned close to the edges 1135A and 1135D of the extension pair 1133A. These electromagnets 1133A to 1133E may be actuated, for example, in a predetermined sequence (specific operating algorithm and timing) to generate pushing and / or pulling forces, as described in Figures 10 and 11B to 11D, enabling the rotor 1140 to achieve a desired torque and / or rotational speed.

[0090] When the magnetization of the rotor 1140 is activated and the electromagnets of the stator 1111 are activated, electromagnets 1133A and 1133B may be positioned close to the edges 1135C and 1135D of the rotor 1140 (see Figure 12 for an additional diagram of the arrangement) and may generate a pushing and / or pulling force on the edges 1135C and 1135D. Electromagnets 1133D and 1133E may be positioned close to the edges 1135A and 1135B of the rotor 1140 and may generate a pushing and / or pulling force on the edges 1135A and 1135B. Electromagnet 1133C may be positioned above the groove 1130 and its polarization may be neutralized. The neutralization of the electromagnet 1133C may result from two effects: 1) the effect that the groove 1130 located below the electromagnet 1133C can create an air gap between the core of the electromagnet 1133C and the rotor 1140; and 2) the effect of controlling the magnetization of the electromagnet 1133C to counteract the magnetic field generated by the rotor 1140 in the direction of the groove 1130, for example, by operating the electromagnet 1133C in the opposite direction to the main magnetic flux direction, and as shown in step 627D in Figure 6 and further explained in Figure 14, for example.

[0091] The shape and size of the grooves between the extended portion pairs (e.g., groove 1130), the air gap between the rotor electromagnets, and the isolation of some of the stator electromagnets (e.g., by reverse polarizing the electromagnets or by a defined polarity intensity) can be used to control the attractive / pushing vector angle and thus the rotational speed of the rotor (e.g., rotor 1140). For example, the stator electromagnet 1133 may be depolarized at a specific vector angle, such as vector angle 1160 derived from the radial direction leading to vector 1162, when the attractive / pushing vector angle 1160 is greater than 75 degrees (approximately radially), and the resulting rotational vector at this angle is negligibly small, as shown by the attractive line 1705 and vector 1708 shown in Figure 17.

[0092] Figure 11B shows a mild steel laminated stack rotor 1140 in a non-polarized state according to some embodiments of the present invention. When the rotor 1140 is non-polarized, there may be no magnetic force between the rotor 1140 and the stator electromagnets 1133 (e.g., electromagnets 1133A-1133E). During operation of the rotor 1140, the rotor 1140 is actuated, for example, from a non-acting mild steel-based cylindrical core member 1121 to an acting cylindrical core member 1121, by applying electrical energy to coiled wires arranged around the cylindrical core member 1121 of the rotor 1140, for example, by applying electrical energy to the coiled wires arranged around the cylindrical core member 1121 of the rotor 1140, and the cylindrical core member 1121 includes a plurality of first extensions, such as six extension pair 1131A-1131F polarized to form 12 N poles, and a plurality of second extensions, such as six extension pair 1132A-1132F polarized to form 12 S poles. Figure 11A shows an example of a motor configuration in which the extended portion pair 1131A functions as the north pole and is in close proximity to the electromagnets 1133A, 1133B, 1133D, and 1133E. The interaction between the polarized extended portion pair 1131A and the unpolarized electromagnets 1133A-1133E can generate a high attractive force between the rotor and the stator electromagnets (indicated by 1137A and 1137B). The attractive force on electromagnet 1133C may be negligibly small because electromagnet 1133C may be located on the opposite side of the groove 1130. In this operating state, the rotor 1140 and the electromagnets 1133 of the stator 1111 (e.g., magnets 1133A-1133E) may be in equilibrium, and the rotor 1140 will not rotate.

[0093] Figure 11C shows a magnetized rotor 1140 according to some embodiments of the present invention, illustrating the interaction between the rotor 1140 and the stator 1111 with respect to an extension pair 1131A surrounded by five partially actuated electromagnets 1133A-1133E. The stator electromagnets 1133C, 1133D, and 1133E may not be actuated (e.g., unmagnetized), while electromagnets 1133A and 1133B may be actuated (e.g., magnetized). As a result, the north poles of 1133A and 1133B are close to the north pole 1 / 1150A of the extension pair 1131A of the rotor 1140, and a repulsive force may be generated between the electromagnets 1133A and 1133B and the edges 1135C and 1135D of the north pole 1150A. As a result, attractive forces may be generated between the electromagnets 1133D and 1133E and the edges 1135A and 1135B of the extension pair 1131A, and repulsive forces may be generated between the electromagnets 1133A and 1133B and the edges 1135C and 1135D of the extension pair 1131A. Due to the interaction of these attractive and repulsive forces, the rotor 1140 may rotate, for example, clockwise.

[0094] Because an attractive force may be generated between the north pole 1150B of the rotor of the extended section pair 1131AA and the electromagnets 1133D and 1133E, the rotation of the rotor 1140 can be achieved by operating and controlling only the electromagnets 1133A and 1133B, which can generate a repulsive force against the north pole 1150A of the rotor of the extended section pair 1131A. As a result, when the attractive force between the north pole 1150B of the rotor and the electromagnets 1133D and 1133E increases, the rotor 1140 can begin to rotate.

[0095] Figure 11D shows a magnetized rotor 1140 according to some embodiments of the present invention, illustrating the interaction between the rotor 1140 and the stator 1111 with respect to an extension pair 1131A surrounded by five electromagnets 1133A-1133E, each of which is polarizable to generate a repulsive force between the magnetic fields of the electromagnets and the rotor, or an attractive force between the magnetic fields of the electromagnets and the rotor. Figure 11D shows an example arrangement following the arrangement shown in Figure 11C, where electromagnets 1133D and 1133E may be operable, and the south poles of electromagnets 1133D and 1133E may be positioned close to the north pole 1150B of the rotor of the extension pair 1131A. The attractive force between electromagnets 1133D and 1133E and the rotor edges 1135A and 1135B of the extension pair 1131A may be higher compared to the arrangement shown in Figure 11C. In summary, due to attractive and repulsive forces, the rotor 1140 can rotate with a rotational moment higher than that shown in Figure 11C.

[0096] For example, as shown in Figure 9, if a stator has 36 electromagnets, the motor can generate maximum torque when all 36 electromagnets are activated (e.g., polarized). The activation of the electromagnets can proceed in units of electromagnet subgroups; for example, if the stator contains 36 electromagnets, it can proceed in units of 6 subgroups of 6 electromagnets. Subgroups of electromagnets may be activated in parallel; for example, each subgroup of electromagnets can be activated individually in a certain manner or order. As a result, the motor can function even if only one or more subgroups of all electromagnets are activated (e.g., the motor's rotor can rotate). The torque generated can be determined by the number of activated electromagnet subgroups. For example, if the stator contains 36 electromagnets, activating a subgroup of 6 electromagnets will only generate 1 / 6 of the torque that can be generated when all 36 electromagnets of the stator are activated.

[0097] As shown in Figures 11A to 11D, one embodiment may include a method for operating a crown-type brushless motor (e.g., motor 1100), for example, a crown-type brushless motor including a stator (e.g., stator 1111) which includes a plurality of electromagnets (e.g., electromagnets 1133) arranged radially around the rotor axis of the rotor 1140, and a rotor 1140. The rotor 1140 includes a cylindrical core member (e.g., core member 1121). The cylindrical core member includes a plurality of first extensions (e.g., extensions 1131) extending from a first end of the cylindrical core member and a plurality of second extensions (e.g., extensions 1132) extending from a second end of the cylindrical core member 1121, each of the plurality of first extensions 1131 and each of the plurality of second extensions 1132 being separated by grooves (e.g., grooves 1130) that separate each of the plurality of extensions 1131 and 1132 into extension pairs (e.g., extension pairs 1131A-1131F and 1132A-1132F). The rotor further includes coiled wires 1114 arranged around the cylindrical core member 1121. The method comprises the steps of a) magnetically activating wire 1114 to polarize first and second extension pairs of rotor 1140 (e.g., extension pairs 1131A-1131F and 1132A-1132F), and b) magnetically activating one or more electromagnets 1133 of stator 1111 to generate magnetization that creates a repulsive force between one or more electromagnets 1133 and the first sections of extension pairs 1131A-1131F and 1132A-1131F, thereby rotating rotor 1140. In some embodiments, a method for operating a crown-type brushless motor (e.g., motor 1100) comprises the step of magnetically activating one or more electromagnets 1133 of a stator 1111 to create an attractive force between one or more electromagnets 1133 and a second section of an extension pair (e.g., extension pairs 1131A-1131F and 1132A-1132F).

[0098] Figure 12 is an exploded view showing some sections of a brushless motor 1200 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The stator electromagnets 1233A and 1233B may be positioned close to the edges 1235C and 1235D of the extension pair of the rotor 1240 and may apply a pushing / pulling force to these edges. The stator electromagnets 1233D and 1233E may be positioned close to the edges 1235A and 1235B of the extension pair and may provide a pushing / pulling force to these edges. Each electromagnet 1233 of the stator 1211 of the brushless motor 1200 and the first and second sections of the extension pair (e.g., edges 1235A-1235D) may operate independently and function as a motor without the assistance of magnetization generated at adjacent poles.

[0099] Figure 13 shows a portion of a magnetized rotor 1340, including a plurality of first extensions 1331 in the form of six north poles and a plurality of second extensions 1332 in the form of six south poles (only two extensions 1331A and 332A are shown). The stator 1311 may include three non-acting electromagnets 1333B, 1333C, and 1333D. Since the electromagnets 1333B, 1333C, and 1333D are not acting, the magnetic flux generated from the first extension 1331A can flow evenly through the electromagnet cores of 1333B, 1333C, and 1333D to the second extension 1332A, as indicated by arrows 1335A to 1335C.

[0100] Figure 14 shows a portion of a magnetized rotor 1440 including a plurality of first extensions 1431 in the form of six north poles and a plurality of second extensions 1432 in the form of six south poles (only two extensions 1431A and 1432A are shown). The stator 1411 may include three electromagnets 1433B to 1433D. Electromagnet 1433C may be actuated with a polarity 1435 opposite to the polarity of the rotor 1440 compared to the magnetic field lines 1335B shown in Figure 13, and electromagnets 1433B to 1433D may not be actuated. By acting electromagnet 1433C in the opposite direction / polarity to the polarity of the rotor 1440 and controlling the polarity 1335B shown in Figure 13 applied to electromagnet 1433C, the magnetic flux 1335B may be split into magnetic flux 1436 and magnetic flux 1437. Therefore, by suppressing the flow of magnetic flux through the core of electromagnet 1433C, a region where no magnetic flux exists between electromagnets 1433B and 1433D can be created. Thus, as an alternative to operating electromagnet 1433C with polarity opposite to that of the rotor 1440 polarization, electromagnet 1433C may be operated with an applied magnetic field sufficient to block magnetic flux 1335B, without interfering with the magnetic flux generated from electromagnets 1433B and 1433D and the polarization rotor 1440.

[0101] Figure 15 shows an example of a method for generating a region containing neutralized polarization between electromagnets 1533B and 1533D and extension pairs 1531A and 1532A, according to several embodiments. Figure 15 shows another method for neutralizing electromagnet 1533C and forming free space between electromagnets 1533B and 1533D. More specifically, referring to Figure 12, the two pairs of electromagnets (1233A / 1233B and 1233D / 1233E) can be freely acted magnetically on the respective edges 1235C and 1235D of extension pairs 1231A and 1232A, as well as on the edges 1235A and 1235B.

[0102] The rotor 1540 may include a plurality of first extensions 1531A to 1531F in the form of six north poles and a plurality of second extensions 1532A to 1532F in the form of six south poles (only extensions 1531A and 1532A are shown in Figure 15). Each extension may be separated into extension pairs by grooves 1530. Thus, the first extensions 1531A to 1531F may include 12 north poles, and the second extensions 1532A to 1532F may include 12 south poles, and each extension pair may be arranged in close proximity to (e.g., surrounded by) five electromagnets 1533.

[0103] The grooves (e.g., groove 1530) can form an air gap between each extending pair (e.g., between the core of electromagnet 1533C and the rotor 1540). Because magnetic flux tends to flow in ferromagnetic media rather than in air, the magnetic field lines 1535 can be separated into two parts, magnetic flux 1535A and 1535B. If there is no magnetic flux passing through the core of electromagnet 1533C, a neutral polarization region may be created between electromagnets 1533B and 1533D, for example, if the stator electromagnet core 1533C is temporarily located above the groove 1530. Thus, the grooves can re-induce magnetic flux from the rotor to the stator, for example, by providing a neutral polarization region.

[0104] Figure 16 shows a U-shaped electromagnet 1600 known in the prior art. The electromagnet 1600 can be implemented, for example, to lift and hold a heavy object vertically and move it between positions by generating a vertical force 1615.

[0105] Figure 17 shows a U-shaped electromagnet 1700, known as prior art, which includes a rotor segment 1702 rotatable along an axial axis 1704. Referring to Figure 16, Figure 17 shows the same prior art U-shaped electromagnet 1700, but the electromagnet 1700 may also pull a rotor segment 1702 rotatable about axis 1704. The angle of the rotor segment 1706 with respect to the U-shaped electromagnet 1700 allows the magnetic field lines 1705 to be angled with respect to the electromagnet 1700, and can generate a rotation vector 1708 that can rotate the rotor segment 1706 along the vertical axis 1704.

[0106] The concept of the present invention is not limited to the arrangement shown in Figure 17 and can be applied to other motor arrangements. For example, the motor may include a plurality of electromagnets arranged on a stator surrounding a rotor, each stator electromagnet having a function similar to that described in Figure 17, such that a U-shaped electromagnet attracts the rotor poles and generates a rotation vector that rotates the rotor segment 1706 on the axis 1704, as shown in Figure 17. The rotor can rotate continuously in a particular direction, but each stator electromagnet (e.g., magnet 1133 shown in Figure 11A) can independently change its polarity and generate a pushing or pulling force that can rotate or propel the rotor (e.g., rotor 1140).

[0107] Figure 18 shows an example of a radial crown rotor 1800 according to several embodiments, comprising three axially magnetized cylindrical core members 1801, three first radially extending portions 1803, and three second radially extending portions 1805.

[0108] The flowcharts and diagrams above illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each part of a flowchart or sub-diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions shown in the sub-diagram may be executed in an order different from that shown in the diagram. For example, two consecutively shown sub-diagrams may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or, depending on the functions involved, the sub-diagrams may be executed in the reverse order of the order in which they are shown. It should also be noted that each part of a sub-diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of parts in a sub-diagram and / or flowchart, may be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system or a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions that performs a specified function or operation.

[0109] As experts in the art will understand, aspects of the present invention can be embodied as systems or devices. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, or embodiments that combine software and hardware embodiments, which can be generally referred to herein as “circuits,” “modules,” or “systems.”

[0110] The above drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems and devices according to various embodiments of the present invention. Where referred to in the above description, embodiments are examples or implementations of the present invention. The various expressions "one embodiment," "embodiment," or "several embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0111] Various features of the present invention may be described in the context of a single embodiment, but these features may be provided individually or in any suitable combination. Conversely, the present invention may be implemented in a single embodiment, although it may be described in the context of a separate embodiment for clarity.

[0112] References in the specification to “several embodiments,” “embodiments,” “one embodiment,” or “other embodiments” mean that certain functions, structures, or characteristics described in relation to the embodiments are included in at least some embodiments of the invention, but not necessarily in all embodiments. Furthermore, it will be recognized that the embodiments of the invention described above can be combined in embodiments of the invention, or may exist together in other embodiments.

[0113] Embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect, but the term “multiple” as used herein may include, for example, “many” or “two or more.” Throughout this specification, the term “multiple” may be used to describe two or more components, devices, elements, units or parameters, etc. The set of terms used herein may include one or more items.

[0114] The expressions and terms used herein should not be interpreted restrictively, but rather used for illustrative purposes only.

[0115] The teaching principles and applications of this invention can be better understood by referring to the accompanying description, drawings, and examples.

[0116] It should be understood that the details described herein are not intended to limit the application of the present invention.

[0117] Furthermore, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented or carried out in a variety of ways, and that it can be implemented in embodiments other than those outlined in the above description.

[0118] The words “include,” “compose,” “consist of,” and their grammatical variations do not preclude the addition of one or more components, features, steps, or integers or groups thereof; rather, these terms should be interpreted as identifying components, features, steps, or integers.

[0119] When the specification or claims refer to “additional” elements, this does not preclude the presence of multiple additional elements.

[0120] When a claim or specification refers to an element, it should be understood that this does not mean that there is only one such element.

[0121] Where the specification states that a component, feature, structure, or characteristic “may include,” “may include,” “can include,” or “may include,” it should be understood that such specific component, feature, structure, or characteristic is not essential.

[0122] Where applicable, state diagrams, flow charts, or both may be used to describe embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to those diagrams or corresponding descriptions. For example, a flow does not have to pass through each box or state illustrated, nor does it have to be exactly the same as the illustrated and described order.

[0123] The method of the present invention may be carried out or completed by performing or completing selected steps or tasks manually, automatically, or in combination thereof.

[0124] The term “method” may refer to a scheme, means, technique and procedure for accomplishing a given task, which may include, but is not limited to, schemes, means, techniques and procedures that are known to those skilled in the art in which the invention pertains, or that can be readily developed from known schemes, means, techniques and procedures.

[0125] The descriptions, examples, and materials described in the claims and specification should be interpreted as explanatory, not restrictive.

[0126] Unless otherwise defined, the meanings of technical and scientific terms used herein are those generally understood by those skilled in the art to the extent of this invention.

[0127] The present invention can be realized in tests or implementations using materials equivalent to or similar to those described herein.

[0128] Although the present invention has been described in relation to a limited number of embodiments, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, but rather as examples of several preferred embodiments. Other or equivalent variations, modifications, and applications are also included within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should not be limited by what has been described herein, but rather by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.

Claims

1. stator and, It comprises a rotor, the rotor including a cylindrical core member, The cylindrical core member is, A plurality of first extending portions extending from the first end of the cylindrical core member, It includes a plurality of second extending portions extending from the second end of the cylindrical core member, The rotor further, The cylindrical core member includes a stationary coil-shaped wire arranged around the cylindrical core member and configured to magnetize the cylindrical core member and generate an axial magnetic flux of the cylindrical core member, A crown-type brushless motor, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are configured to divide and guide the magnetic flux when the cylindrical core member is magnetized by the stationary coil-shaped wire, thereby changing the direction of the magnetic flux from the axial direction to a direction other than the axial direction.

2. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first extensions include a number of extensions selected from the group consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 32, 36, and 100.

3. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of second extensions include a number of extensions selected from the group consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 32, 36, and 100.

4. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are U-shaped extensions.

5. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the stationary coil-shaped wire is stationary with respect to the cylindrical core member and is configured to magnetically excite the cylindrical core member by induction.

6. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical core member, the plurality of first extensions, and the plurality of second extensions are magnetizable in the axial direction.

7. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 6, wherein the cylindrical core member, the plurality of first extensions, and the plurality of second extensions, which are magnetizable in the axial direction, form a single permanent magnet.

8. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the axial magnetization of the cylindrical core member is divided between the plurality of first extended portions and the plurality of second extended portions.

9. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical core member is freely rotatable within the stationary coil-shaped wire arranged around the cylindrical core member.

10. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical core member is selected from an iron laminated stack, a soft magnetic composite material, a permanent magnetic material, or a combination thereof.

11. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical core member, the plurality of first extensions, and the plurality of second extensions are selected from an iron laminated stack, a permanent magnetic material, a soft magnetic composite material, or a combination thereof.

12. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first extensions are evenly arranged along the circumference of the first end of the cylindrical core member.

13. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of second extensions are evenly arranged along the circumference of the second end of the cylindrical core member.

14. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor includes an opening in the rotor flange between the rotor and the stator, configured to ventilate the rotor and the stator.

15. The arrangement of the stationary coil-shaped wires is mounted on the stator, as described in claim 1, for the crown-type brushless motor.

16. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first extending portions and the plurality of second extending portions extend toward the center level of the cylindrical core member.

17. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of first extending portions and the plurality of second extending portions extend outward toward the center level of the cylindrical core member.

18. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions extend inward toward the center level of the cylindrical core member.

19. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first extensions include a first member connected to a first end of the cylindrical core member, the first member includes a first circular base, and the plurality of first extensions extend from the first circular base.

20. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of second extensions include a second member connected to the second end of the cylindrical core member, the second member includes a second circular base, and the plurality of second extensions extend from the second circular base.

21. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are configured to guide the flow of magnetic flux from the plurality of first extensions to the plurality of second extensions.

22. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 21, wherein the magnetic flux is located outside the cylindrical core member.

23. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 21, wherein the magnetic flux is located inside the cylindrical core member.

24. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first extending portions and the plurality of second extending portions are arranged alternately.

25. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein each of the extensions of the plurality of first extensions and each of the plurality of second extensions are separated by grooves that separate each extension into extension pair.

26. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the grooves are configured to separate each of the plurality of first extended portions and each of the plurality of second extended portions into extended portion pairs, and to re-guide the magnetic flux from the rotor to the stator via the extended portion pairs.

27. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the output of mechanical energy by the crown-type brushless motor is controlled by one or more of the following: the shapes of the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions, the magnetic flux direction between the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions, the stator polarity, the electrical energy applied to each of the electromagnets of the stator, the distance between the plurality of first extensions and the electromagnets of the stator, and the distance between the plurality of second extensions and the electromagnets of the stator.

28. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator includes a plurality of electromagnets.

29. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 28, wherein the plurality of electromagnets are arranged radially around the rotation axis of the rotor.

30. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 28, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets of the stator surrounds a section of one of the plurality of first extensions and a section of one of the plurality of second extensions.

31. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 28, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets is polarizable to generate a repulsive force between the magnetic field of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor.

32. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 28, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets is polarizable to generate an attractive force between the magnetic field of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor.

33. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 28, wherein the stator is configured to adjust the torque and / or rotational speed of the cylindrical core member by activating one or more of the plurality of electromagnets.

34. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 28, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets is configured to periodically switch its polarity and interact with the magnetic field of the rotor to rotate the cylindrical core member about the axial axis of the cylindrical core member.

35. A method for operating a crown-type brushless motor, wherein the crown-type brushless motor is A stator including multiple electromagnets arranged radially around the rotor shaft, A rotor is included, and the rotor includes a cylindrical core member. The cylindrical core member includes a plurality of first extensions extending from a first end of the cylindrical core member and a plurality of second extensions extending from a second end of the cylindrical core member, wherein each of the plurality of first extensions and each of the plurality of second extensions are separated by grooves that separate each extension into an extension pair. The rotor further includes stationary coil-shaped wires arranged around the cylindrical core member, The aforementioned method, a) A step of magnetically acting the stationary coil-shaped wire to polarize the pair of the first extended portion and the second extended portion of the rotor, b) A method comprising the steps of magnetically activating one or more electromagnets of the stator to generate magnetization that causes a repulsive force between the one or more electromagnets and the first section of the extension pair, thereby rotating the rotor.

36. A method for operating a crown-type brushless motor according to claim 36, comprising the step of magnetically activating one or more electromagnets of the stator to generate magnetization that brings about an attractive force between the one or more electromagnets and the second section of the extension pair.

37. stator and, The rotor comprises, The rotor includes a cylindrical core member, the cylindrical core member includes a permanent magnet that generates an axial magnetic flux of the cylindrical core member, and the rotor further includes A plurality of first extending portions extending from the first end of the cylindrical core member, It includes a plurality of second extending portions extending from the second end of the cylindrical core member, A crown-type brushless motor, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are configured to divide and guide the magnetic flux and change the direction of the magnetic flux from the axial direction to a direction other than the axial direction.

38. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are selected from an iron laminated stack, a soft magnetic composite material, a permanent magnetic material, or a combination thereof.

39. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the cylindrical core member, the plurality of first extensions, and the plurality of second extensions form a single permanent magnet.

40. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions include a number of extensions selected from the group consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 32, 36, and 100.

41. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of second extensions are selected from the group consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 32, 36, and 100.

42. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are U-shaped extensions.

43. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the axial magnetization of the cylindrical core member is divided into the plurality of first extended portions and the plurality of second extended portions.

44. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions are evenly arranged along the circumference of the first end of the cylindrical core member.

45. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of second extensions are evenly arranged along the circumference of the second end of the cylindrical core member.

46. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the motor includes an opening in the rotor flange between the rotor and the stator, configured to ventilate the rotor and the stator.

47. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions extend toward the center level of the cylindrical core member.

48. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extending portions and the plurality of second extending portions extend outward toward the center level of the cylindrical core member.

49. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extending portions and the plurality of second extending portions extend inward toward the center level of the cylindrical core member.

50. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions include a first member connected to a first end of the cylindrical core member, the first member includes a first circular base, and the plurality of first extensions extend from the first circular base.

51. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of second extensions include a second member connected to the second end of the cylindrical core member, the second member includes a second circular base, and the plurality of second extensions extend from the second circular base.

52. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are configured to guide the flow of magnetic flux from the plurality of first extensions to the plurality of second extensions.

53. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 52, wherein the magnetic flux is located on the outside of the cylindrical core member.

54. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 52, wherein the magnetic flux is located inside the cylindrical core member.

55. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are arranged alternately.

56. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein each of the multiple first extensions and each of the multiple second extensions are separated by grooves that separate each extension into extension pair.

57. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the groove is configured to re-guide the magnetic flux from the rotor to the stator.

58. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 38, wherein the output of mechanical energy by the crown-type brushless motor is controlled by one or more of the following: the shapes of the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions, the magnetic flux direction between the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions, the polarity of the electromagnets of the stator, and the electrical energy applied to each of the electromagnets of the stator.

59. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 37, wherein the stator includes a plurality of electromagnets.

60. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 59, wherein the plurality of electromagnets are arranged radially around the rotation axis of the rotor.

61. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 59, wherein the plurality of electromagnets are attached to the stator.

62. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 59, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets of the stator surrounds a section of one of the plurality of first extensions and a section of one of the plurality of second extensions.

63. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 59, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets is polarizable to generate a repulsive force between the magnetic field of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor.

64. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 59, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets is polarizable to generate an attractive force between the magnetic field of one or more electromagnets and the magnetic field of the rotor.

65. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 59, wherein the stator is configured to adjust the torque and / or rotational speed of the cylindrical core member by activating one or more electromagnets among the plurality of magnets.

66. The crown-type brushless motor according to claim 59, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnets is configured to periodically switch its polarity and interact with the magnetic field of the rotor to rotate the cylindrical core member about the vertical axis of the cylindrical core member.

67. A method for operating a crown-type brushless motor, wherein the crown-type brushless motor is A stator including multiple electromagnets arranged radially around the rotor axis, Including a rotor, the rotor is A cylindrical core member containing a permanent magnet, A plurality of first extending portions extending from the first end of the cylindrical core member, It includes a plurality of second extending portions extending from the second end of the cylindrical core member, Each of the plurality of first extensions and each of the plurality of second extensions are separated by grooves that separate each extension into an extension pair. The aforementioned method, A method comprising the step of magnetically activating one or more electromagnets of the stator to generate magnetization that causes a repulsive force between the one or more electromagnets and the first section of the extension pair, thereby rotating the rotor.

68. A method for operating a crown-type brushless motor according to claim 67, comprising the step of magnetically activating one or more electromagnets of the stator to generate magnetization that brings about an attractive force between the one or more electromagnets and the second section of the extension pair.

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