Offloading from main radio to low-power radio

Abstract

This disclosure relates to user equipment, network node equipment, and methods for connecting user equipment to a base station. More specifically, the user equipment comprises a receiving unit and a circuit. The receiving unit receives a reference signal during operation. The circuit performs a first measurement based on the reference signal during operation, determines whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition, and performs low-power operation if the preset condition is satisfied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the transmission and reception of signals in a communication system. In particular, this disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for such transmission and reception.

Background Art

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) is working on the technical specifications of next-generation cellular technologies (also referred to as the 5th generation (5G)), including New Radio (NR) access technology (RAT) that operates in the frequency range up to 100 GHz. NR is a successor technology to the technologies represented by Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE Advanced (LTE-A).

[0003] In systems such as LTE and NR, further improvements and options can facilitate the efficient operation of communication systems and specific devices related to communication systems.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Document 2

Non-Patent Document 3

Non-Patent Document 4

Non-Patent Document 5

Non-Patent Document 6

Non-Patent Document 7

[0005] One non-limiting and exemplary embodiment contributes to the efficient, low-power operation of a communication device.

[0006] In one embodiment, the technology disclosed herein features a device (e.g., user equipment (UE)). The device comprises a receiving unit and a circuit. The receiving unit receives a reference signal during operation. The circuit performs a first measurement based on the reference signal during operation, determines whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition, and performs low-power operation if the preset condition is satisfied.

[0007] It should be noted that general or specific embodiments can be implemented as systems, methods, integrated circuits, computer programs, storage media, or any selective combination thereof. For example, an integrated circuit can control the processing of a UE or network node.

[0008] Further advantages and effects in one embodiment of this disclosure will be made apparent from the specification and drawings. Such advantages and / or effects are provided by several embodiments and features described in the specification and drawings, but not all of them are necessarily provided to obtain one or more of such advantages and / or effects.

[0009] The following exemplary embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010] [Figure 1] Figure showing an exemplary architecture of a 3GPP NR system [Figure 2] Schematic diagram showing the functional split between NG-RAN and 5GC [Figure 3] Sequence diagram of the RRC connection setup / reset procedure [Figure 4] Schematic diagram showing usage scenarios of enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), and Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) [Figure 5] Block diagram showing an exemplary 5G system architecture for a non-roaming scenario [Figure 6] Block diagram showing an exemplary functional structure of a base station and a user equipment [Figure 7] Block diagram showing an exemplary functional structure of a circuit that performs a decision process for low-power operation, which may be included in the exemplary user equipment of FIG. 10 [Figure 8] Block diagram showing an exemplary functional structure of a low-power setting circuit that may be included in the exemplary base station device of FIG. 10 [Figure 9] Flowchart showing an exemplary procedure executed by a user equipment [Figure 10] Flowchart showing an exemplary procedure executed by a base station [Figure 11] Exemplary diagram of switching between a low-power state and a main radio state [Figure 12] Exemplary diagram of switching between a low-power state, an intermediate state, and a main radio state [Figure 13] Exemplary diagram of switching between a main radio state and a low-power state including a sub-state [Figure 14] Exemplary diagram of measurement setting information element (IE: Information Element) [Figure 15] Exemplary diagram of measurement targets included in the measurement setting IE of FIG. 14 [Figure 16] Exemplary diagram of measurement targets included in the measurement setting IE of FIG. 14 [Figure 17] Exemplary diagram of reporting settings included in the measurement setting IE of FIG. 14

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0011] <5G NR System Architecture and Protocol Stack> 3GPP is working on the next release of the 5th generation cellular technology (simply called "5G"), which includes the development of a new radio access technology (NR) operating at frequencies up to 100 GHz. The first version of the 5G standard was completed by the end of 2017, enabling the testing and commercial deployment of smartphones compliant with the 5G NR standard.

[0012] In particular, the overall system architecture envisions an NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network) with gNBs, which terminate NG radio access user plane (SDAP / PDCP / RLC / MAC / PHY) protocols and control plane (Radio Resource Control (RRC)) protocols toward the UE. The gNBs are interconnected with each other via the Xn interface. Furthermore, the gNBs are connected to the NGC (Next Generation Core) via the Next Generation (NG) interface, more specifically to the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) (e.g., a specific core entity that performs the AMF) via the NG-C interface, and to the UPF (User Plane Function) (e.g., a specific core entity that performs the UPF) via the NG-U interface. The NG-RAN architecture is shown in Figure 1 (see, for example, Section 4 of Non-Patent Document 1 v15.6.0).

[0013] The user plane protocol stack in NR (see, for example, Section 4.4.1 of Non-Patent Document 1) includes the PDCP (Paper Data Convergence Protocol, see Section 6.4 of Non-Patent Document 1) sublayer, the RLC (Radio Link Control, see Section 6.3 of Non-Patent Document 1) sublayer, and the MAC (Medium Access Control, see Section 6.2 of Non-Patent Document 1) sublayer, all of which terminate at the gNB on the network side. In addition, a new access layer (AS) sublayer (SDAP, Service Data Adaptation Protocol) is introduced on top of PDCP (see, for example, Section 6.5 of Non-Patent Document 1). A control plane protocol stack is also defined in NR (see, for example, Section 4.4.2 of Non-Patent Document 1). An overview of the Layer 2 functions is described in Section 6 of Non-Patent Document 1. The functions of the PDCP, RLC, and MAC sublayers are described in sections 6.4, 6.3, and 6.2 of Non-Patent Document 1, respectively. The function of the RRC layer is described in section 7 of Non-Patent Document 1.

[0014] For example, the Medium-Access-Control (MAC) layer handles scheduling and scheduling-related functions, including logical channel multiplexing and processing of various numerologies.

[0015] The Physical Layer (PHY) is responsible for, for example, encoding, PHY HARQ processing, modulation, multi-antenna processing, and mapping signals to appropriate physical time-frequency resources. The Physical Layer also handles the mapping of transport channels to physical channels. The Physical Layer provides services to the MAC layer in the form of transport channels. A physical channel corresponds to a set of time-frequency resources used for transmitting a particular transport channel, and each transport channel is mapped to a corresponding physical channel. For example, physical channels include PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel), PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), and PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) for uplinks, and PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), and PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) for downlinks.

[0016] NR use cases / deployment scenarios include high-speed, high-capacity communication (eMBB), ultra-high-reliability, low-latency communication (URLLC), and massive simultaneous connection communication (mMTC), and these services have diverse requirements regarding data rate, latency, and coverage. For example, eMBB is expected to support peak data rates of the order of three times that provided by IMT-Advanced (20 Gbps for downlink and 10 Gbps for uplink) and user-perceived data rates. In contrast, URLLC has more stringent requirements, including extremely low latency (user plane latency of 0.5 ms for both UL and DL) and high reliability (1-10 ms within 1 ms). -5 ) and are imposed. Furthermore, in mMTC, a high connection density (1km in urban environments) is required.2 Preferably, a capacity of 1,000,000 devices per unit, wide coverage in harsh environments, and extremely long-life batteries (15 years) to reduce device costs may be required.

[0017] Therefore, OFDM numerology suitable for one use case (e.g., subcarrier spacing, OFDM symbol length, cyclic prefix (CP) length, number of symbols per scheduling interval) may not work well for another use case. For example, low-latency services may prefer shorter symbol lengths (and thus larger subcarrier spacings) and / or fewer symbols per scheduling interval (also known as TTI) than mMTC services. Furthermore, in configuration scenarios with large channel delay spreads, longer CP lengths may be preferred than in scenarios with smaller delay spreads. To maintain a similar level of CP overhead, the subcarrier spacing should be optimized according to the delay spread. NR may support two or more values ​​for subcarrier spacing. Currently, subcarrier spacings of 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, ... are being considered. The symbol length Tu and subcarrier spacing Δf are directly related by the equation (Δf = 1 / Tu). As with LTE systems, the term "resource element" can be used to represent the smallest resource unit consisting of one subcarrier for the length of one OFDM / SC-FDMA symbol.

[0018] In the new wireless system 5G-NR, for each numerology and carrier, a resource grid of subcarriers and OFDM symbols is defined for the uplink and downlink respectively. Each element in the resource grid is called a resource element and is identified based on the frequency index in the frequency domain and the symbol position in the time domain (see Non-Patent Document 2 v15.6.0). For example, the transmissions in the downlink and uplink are organized into frames at 10 ms intervals, and each frame consists of 10 subframes each having a period of 1 ms. In the implementation of 5G-NR, the number of consecutive OFDM symbols per subframe depends on the setting of the subcarrier spacing. For example, in the case of a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing, one subframe has 14 OFDM symbols (similar to an LTE-compliant implementation assuming a normal cyclic prefix). On the other hand, in the case of a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, one subframe has two slots, and each slot contains 14 OFDM symbols.

[0019] When compared with the numerology (subcarrier spacing and symbol length) of LTE, NR supports multiple different types of subcarrier spacings labeled by the parameter μ (in LTE, only the 15 kHz subcarrier spacing corresponding to μ = 0 in NR). The types of NR numerology are summarized in Non-Patent Document 2 v15.7.0.

[0020] <Split of 5G NR functions between NG-RAN and 5GC> Figure 2 shows the split of functions between NG-RAN and 5GC. The logical nodes of NG-RAN are gNB or ng-eNB. The logical nodes of 5GC are AMF, UPF, and SMF.

[0021] In particular, gNB and ng-eNB handle the following main functions. — Radio Resource Management functions such as Radio Bearer Control, Radio Admission Control, Connection Mobility Control, and dynamic resource allocation (scheduling) to UEs in both uplink and downlink directions. — Compression, encryption, and integrity protection of the IP header of the data. — Selection of AMF when UE attaches, when routing to AMF cannot be determined from the information provided by the UE. — Routing user plane data to UPF — Routing of control plane information to AMF — Establishing and releasing connections — Scheduling and sending paging messages — Scheduling and transmission of system broadcast information (sent from AMF or OAM) — Setting up measurements and measurement reporting for mobility and scheduling — Transport-level packet marking on the uplink ― Session management — Support for network slicing — QoS flow management and mapping to data radio bearers — Support for UEs in the RRC_INACTIVE state — NAS message delivery function — Wireless access network sharing ― Dual connectivity — Close interworking between NR and E-UTRA

[0022] The Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) handles the following key functions: — Termination of Non-Access Stratum (NAS) signaling — NAS signaling security — Access Layer (AS) Security Control — Core Network (CN) node-to-node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks — Reachability of idle mode UE (including control and execution of paging retransmissions) — Registration Area Management — Support for intra-system and inter-system mobility ― Access Authentication — Access authorization including roaming rights checks — Mobility management and control (subscriptions and policies) — Support for network slicing — Selection of Session Management Function (SMF)

[0023] Furthermore, the User Plane Function (UPF) handles the following key functions: — Anchor points for mobility within / between RATs (when applicable) — External PDU session points for interconnection with data networks — Packet routing and forwarding — User plane portion of packet inspection and policy rule enforcement — Traffic usage report — Uplink classifier to support routing of traffic flow to data networks — Branching points to support multi-homed PDU sessions - QoS processing in the user plane (e.g., packet filtering, gating, UL / DL rate enforcement) - Verification of uplink traffic (mapping from SDF to QoS flow) - Downlink packet buffering and triggering of downlink data notification

[0024] Finally, the Session Management Function (SMF) processes the following main functions. - Session management - Allocation and management of UE IP address - Selection and control of the UP function - Setting of traffic steering in the User Plane Function (UPF) for routing traffic to the correct destination - Policy enforcement and QoS control part - Downlink data notification

[0025] <Procedures for establishment and reconfiguration of RRC connection> Figure 3 shows the interaction between the UE, gNB, and AMF (5GC entity) in the NAS part when the UE transitions from RRC_IDLE to RRC_CONNECTED (see Non-Patent Document 1 v15.6.0).

[0026] RRC is a higher-layer signaling protocol used for configuring UEs and gNBs. Specifically, in this transition, the AMF creates UE context data (including, for example, PDU session context, security keys, UE radio capabilities, UE security capabilities, etc.) and sends it to the gNB via an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST. The gNB then activates AS security with the UE, which is done by the gNB sending a SecurityModeCommand message to the UE, and the UE responding to the gNB with a SecurityModeComplete message. Subsequently, the gNB performs a reconfiguration to establish the Signaling Radio Bearer 2 (SRB2) and Data Radio Bearer (DRB), which is done by the gNB sending an RRCReconfiguration message to the UE, and the gNB receiving an RRCReconfigurationComplete from the UE in response. In the case of a signaling-only connection, SRB2 and DRB are not established, so these steps related to RRCReconfiguration are skipped. Finally, the gNB notifies the AMF that the establishment procedure is complete by sending an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE.

[0027] Accordingly, this disclosure provides a fifth-generation core (5GC) entity (e.g., AMF or SMF) having a control circuit that, in operation, establishes a next-generation (NG) connection with a gNodeB so that a signaling radio bearer is established between the gNodeB and the user equipment (UE), and a transmitter that, in operation, sends an initial context setup message to the gNodeB via the NG connection. In particular, the gNodeB transmits radio resource control (RRC) signaling, including resource allocation setting information elements, to the UE via the signaling radio bearer. The UE then performs an uplink transmit or downlink receive based on this resource allocation setting.

[0028] <IMT Usage Scenarios from 2020 Onward> Figure 4 illustrates some use cases for 5G NR. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project NR (3GPP NR) considers three use cases envisioned to support a wide variety of services and applications through IMT-2020. Phase 1 specifications for high-speed, high-capacity communication (eMBB) have been finalized. Current and future work includes further expansion of eMBB support, as well as standardization for ultra-high reliability, low-latency communication (URLLC) and massive simultaneous connection communication (mMTC). Figure 4 shows some examples of IMT use scenarios envisioned for 2020 and beyond (see, for example, Figure 2 in Non-Patent Document 3).

[0029] URLLC use cases have stringent requirements regarding capabilities such as throughput, latency, and availability, and are envisioned as one means of realizing future vertical applications such as wireless control of industrial manufacturing or production processes, telemedicine surgery, power distribution automation in smart grids, and transportation safety. The ultra-high reliability of URLLC is supported by identifying the technology to meet the requirements set out by Non-Patent Document 4. For NR URLLC in Release 15, key requirements include a target user plane latency of 0.5 ms for UL (uplink) and 0.5 ms for DL ​​(downlink). Typical URLLC requirements for a single packet transmission are a BLER (block error rate) of 1E-5 for a packet size of 32 bytes with a user plane latency of 1 ms.

[0030] From a physical layer perspective, several ways to improve reliability are possible. Current approaches to reliability improvements include defining separate CQI tables for URLLC, a more compact DCI format, and PDCCH iterations. However, as NR becomes more stable and development progresses, the scope for achieving ultra-high reliability (to meet the key requirements of NR URLLC) may expand. Specific use cases for NR URLLC in Release 15 include augmented reality / virtual reality (AR / VR), e-health, e-safety, and mission-critical applications.

[0031] Furthermore, the technical enhancements targeted by NR URLLC aim to improve latency and reliability. Technical enhancements for improving latency include configurable numerology, non-slot-based scheduling using flexible mapping, grant-free (configured grant) uplink, slot-level iteration on data channels, and downlink preemption. Preemption means that a transmission for which resources have already been allocated is aborted, and those resources are used for another transmission requested later with lower latency / higher priority requirements. Thus, a transmission that has already been permitted is preempted by a later transmission. Preemption applies regardless of the specific service type. For example, a transmission of service type A (URLLC) can be preempted by a transmission of service type B (e.g., eMBB). Technical enhancements for improving reliability include a dedicated CQI / MCS table for the 1E-5 target BLER.

[0032] The use case for mMTC (Massively Multiple Connections Communication) is characterized by a very large number of connected devices transmitting relatively small amounts of data, which are generally less affected by latency. These devices need to be low-cost and have extremely long battery life. From a noise reduction (NR) perspective, utilizing a very narrow bandwidth is one possible solution to achieve power savings from a UE perspective and enable long battery life.

[0033] As described above, the range of reliability in NR is expected to broaden. One important requirement in all cases, especially for URLLC and mMTC, is high or very high reliability. Several mechanisms can be considered to improve reliability from both a radio and network perspective. In general, there are several important areas that can help improve reliability. These areas include compact control channel information, data channel / control channel repetition, and diversity related to the frequency domain, time domain, and / or spatial domain. These areas are generally applicable to reliability regardless of the specific communication scenario.

[0034] Regarding NR URLLC, further use cases with more stringent requirements are envisioned, such as factory automation, the transportation industry, and power supply. These stringent requirements include higher reliability (up to 10%), depending on the use case. -6 The advantages include higher availability, a maximum packet size of 256 bytes, time synchronization on the order of a few microseconds (values ​​ranging from 1 to several microseconds depending on the frequency range), and low latency on the order of 0.5 to 1 ms (with a target latency of 0.5 ms specifically for the user plane).

[0035] Furthermore, for NR URLLC, several technical enhancements have been identified from the perspective of the physical layer. In particular, enhancements related to PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) include compact DCI, repetition of PDCCH, and increased PDCCH monitoring. Also, enhancements related to UCI (Uplink Control Information) include enhancements of HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) and CSI feedback. Additionally, enhancements of PUSCH related to mini-slot level hopping and retransmission / repetition have also been recognized. The term "mini-slot" means a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) that contains a smaller number of symbols than a slot (a slot contains 14 symbols).

[0036] <QoS Control> The 5G QoS (Quality of Service) model is based on QoS flows and supports both QoS flows that require a guaranteed flow bit rate (GBR QoS flows) and QoS flows that do not require a guaranteed flow bit rate (non-GBR QoS flows). Therefore, at the NAS level, a QoS flow is the finest granularity for QoS differentiation in a PDU session. A QoS flow is identified within a PDU session by a QoS flow ID (QFI) that is transmitted within a capsule header through the NG-U interface.

[0037] The 5GC establishes one or more PDU sessions for each UE. The NG-RAN establishes at least one Data Radio Bearer (DRB) with each PDU session for each UE, and can then configure additional DRBs for the QoS flow of that PDU session, as described above, for example with reference to Figure 3 (the NG-RAN decides when to configure them). The NG-RAN maps packets belonging to different PDU sessions to different DRBs. NAS-level packet filtering in the UE and 5GC associates UL and DL packets with QoS flows, and AS-level mapping rules in the UE and NG-RAN associate UL and DL QoS flows with DRBs.

[0038] Figure 5 shows the non-roaming standard architecture for 5G NR (see, for example, Section 4.2.3 of Non-Patent Document 5 v16.9.0, and also v17.5.0 or v18.0.0). Application Functions (AFs) (e.g., external application servers handling 5G services as illustrated in Figure 4) interact with the 3GPP Core Network for the purpose of providing services. For example, they support the application's influence on traffic routing, access Network Exposure Functions (NEFs), or interact with policy frameworks for policy control (e.g., QoS control) (see Policy Control Functions (PCFs)). Based on the operator's deployment, application functions (AFs) that are considered trusted by the operator may be allowed to interact directly with the relevant Network Functions. Application functions (AFs) that are not authorized by the operator to directly access Network Functions interact with the relevant Network Functions using external exposure frameworks via NEFs.

[0039] Figure 5 shows further functional units of the 5G architecture, namely the Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF), Network Repository Function (NRF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Authentication Server Function (AUSF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), and Data Network (DN) (e.g., operator services, internet access, or third-party services). All or some of the core network functions and application services may be deployed and run in a cloud computing environment.

[0040] Accordingly, the disclosure provides an application server (e.g., AF in a 5G architecture) having: a transmitter that, when in operation, sends a request including QoS requirements for at least one of URLLC services, eMBB services, and mMTC services to at least one of 5GC functions (e.g., NEF, AMF, SMF, PCF, UPF, etc.) to establish a PDU session including a radio bearer between the gNodeB and the UE in accordance with the QoS requirements; and a circuit that, when in operation, performs the services using the established PDU session.

[0041] <Control signal> In this disclosure, the downlink control signal (information) relating to this disclosure may be a signal (information) transmitted via the PDCCH of the physical layer, or it may be a signal (information) transmitted via the MAC Control Element (CE) of the upper layer or RRC. The downlink control signal may be a predefined signal (information).

[0042] The uplink control signal (information) relating to this disclosure may be a signal (information) transmitted via PUCCH at the physical layer, or it may be a signal (information) transmitted via MAC CE at a higher layer or RRC. Furthermore, the uplink control signal may be a predefined signal (information). The uplink control signal may be Uplink Control Information (UCI), first-stage sidelink control information (SCI), or second-stage SCI.

[0043] <Reference signal> In this disclosure, a reference signal is a signal known to both the base station and the mobile station, and each reference signal may be referred to as a reference signal (RS) or pilot signal. A reference signal may be any of the following: DMRS (Demodulation RS), Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Tracking Reference Signal (TRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS), and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).

[0044] <Time interval> In this disclosure, a time resource unit is not limited to one or a combination of slots and symbols, but may be a frame, superframe, subframe, slot, subslot of a time slot, minislot, or a symbol, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing access (SC-FDMA) symbol, or any other time resource unit. The number of symbols contained in a slot is not limited to the number of symbols exemplified in the embodiments described above, but may be any other number of symbols.

[0045] <Frequency Band> This disclosure may apply to either licensed bands or unlicensed bands. Each band may contain one or more component carriers. Each component carrier constitutes a time-frequency resource grid, which includes resource elements defined by subcarriers in the frequency domain and symbols in the time domain.

[0046] <Communication> This disclosure can be applied to either terrestrial networks or non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) that use satellites or high-altitude pseudo-satellites (HAPS). Furthermore, this disclosure can be applied to networks with large cell sizes or terrestrial networks where latency is large relative to symbol length or slot length, such as ultra-wideband transmission networks.

[0047] <Monitoring of downlink control channels, PDCCH, DCI> Many of the functions performed by the UE include, for example, monitoring downlink control channels (e.g., PDCCH) (see Section 5.2.3 of Non-Patent Document 1 v15.6.0) to receive specific control information or data destined for the UE.

[0048] The following is a list of such features (not exhaustive): — Paging message monitoring function, — System information acquisition function, — Signaling monitoring operation in discontinuous reception (DRX) function, — Inactivity monitoring operation in the Discontinuous Reception (DRX) function, — Receiving random access responses in random access functionality, — Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer reordering function

[0049] As mentioned above, PDCCH monitoring is performed by the UE to identify and receive information targeting the UE, such as control information and user traffic (e.g., DCI on the PDCCH, user data on the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH).

[0050] Downlink control information (which can be called downlink control information, or DCI) serves the same purpose in 5G NR as DCI in LTE, namely, a special set of control information used to schedule, for example, downlink data channels (e.g., PDSCH) or uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH).

[0051] In 5G NR, many different DCI formats have already been defined (see Section 7.3.1 of Non-Patent Document 6 v15.6.0).

[0052] These DCI formats represent predetermined formats in which each piece of information is formed and transmitted. In particular, DCI formats 0_1 and 1_1 are used to schedule PUSCH and PDSCH in a single cell, respectively.

[0053] PDCCH monitoring in each of these functions serves a specific purpose and is therefore initiated for that purpose. PDCCH monitoring is typically controlled based at least on a timer operated by the UE. The timer serves the purpose of controlling PDCCH monitoring, for example, by limiting the maximum length of time the UE monitors the PDCCH. For example, the UE does not need to monitor the PDCCH indefinitely and can stop monitoring after a certain period of time to conserve power.

[0054] As mentioned above, one of the purposes of DCI in PDCCH is to dynamically schedule resources on downlinks, uplinks, or sidelinks. In particular, several formats of DCI are provided to communicate resource allocations (RAs) for resources to be assigned to data channels for specific users. Resource allocations can include specification of resources in the frequency domain and / or time domain.

[0055] <Technical Terms> The following describes UEs, base stations, and procedures for new radio access technologies envisioned in 5G mobile communication systems (although these can also be used in LTE mobile communication systems). Various implementations and variations are also described. The following disclosures are facilitated by, and can be based on, at least in part on, the above discussions and findings.

[0056] It should be noted that this specification makes many assumptions in order to explain the principles underlying this disclosure in a clear and understandable manner. However, it should be understood that these assumptions are merely examples made for illustrative purposes in this specification and are not necessarily essential to the invention or limit the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles described in the following disclosure and claims can be applied to different scenarios and in ways not expressly described herein.

[0057] Furthermore, while certain terminology used in the context of new radio access technologies for the next communication systems may not yet be fully determined or may ultimately change, some of the terms used below, such as procedures, entities, and layers, are closely related to the terminology used in LTE / LTE-A systems or in current 3GPP 5G standardization. Therefore, terminology may change in the future but will not affect the functionality of the embodiments. Accordingly, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that embodiments and their scope of protection are not limited to certain terms used exemplarily herein because no newer or finally agreed-upon terminology exists, but should be understood more broadly in terms of the functions and concepts that form the basis of the functionality and principles of this disclosure. Specific examples are given below.

[0058] <User Equipment> In LTE and NR, a terminal, user terminal, user device, mobile station, or mobile node is called User Equipment (UE). User equipment may be a mobile device or communication device, such as a radiotelephone, smartphone, tablet computer, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) stick with the functionality of a user device. However, the term mobile device is not limited to these, and generally, a repeater may also have the functionality of such a mobile device, and a mobile device may function as a repeater. For example, a terminal is a physical entity (physical node) in a communication network. Furthermore, a communication device may be any machine type of communication device, such as an IoT device. A single node may have several functional entities. A functional entity refers to a software or hardware module that implements and / or provides a predetermined set of functions to the same node, other nodes, or other functional entities in the network. A node may have one or more interfaces that allow the node to attach to a communication facility or medium that enables communication. Similarly, a network entity may have logical interfaces that allow a functional entity to attach to a communication facility or medium that enables communication with other functional entities or corresponding nodes.

[0059] <Network Node> In this disclosure, a base station may be, for example, a Transmission Reception Point (TRP), a cluster head, an access point, a Remote Radio Head (RRH), an eNodeB (eNB), a gNodeB (gNB), a Base Station (BS), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a base unit, or a gateway. In side-link communication, a terminal may be used instead of a base station. A base station may be a relay device that relays communication between a higher-level node and a terminal. A base station may be a roadside unit. A base station may be, for example, a scheduling node or network node that forms part of a network for providing services to a terminal. In particular, a base station can provide radio access to a terminal. Communication between a communication device (e.g., UE or terminal) and a scheduling device (e.g., a base station) is generally standardized and may be defined by various layers such as PHY, MAC, and RRC (see also the above description). In LTE and NR, the radio interface protocol stack includes the physical layer, the medium access layer (MAC), and higher layers. The control plane is provided with a higher-layer protocol, the Radio Resource Control Protocol (RRC). Through the RRC, the base station can control the configuration of a terminal, and the terminal can communicate with the base station to perform control tasks such as establishing and modifying connections and bearers, measurement, and other functions. The term used in LTE is eNB (or eNodeB), while the term currently used in 5G NR is gNB. Here, the term base station or radio base station refers to a physical entity within a communication network. Similar to a mobile station, a base station may have several functional entities. A functional entity refers to a software or hardware module that implements and / or provides a predetermined set of functions to the same node or other nodes or other functional entities in the network. A physical entity performs several control tasks concerning a communication device, including one or more of scheduling and configuration.It should be noted that base station functions and communication device functions can also be integrated within a single device. For example, a mobile terminal may also implement base station functions for other terminals. The term used in LTE is eNB (or eNodeB), while the term currently used in 5G NR is gNB. In particular, a base station may be a gNB in ​​a Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) NR system.

[0060] <Power saving> A new study topic has been initiated within 3GPP to examine and evaluate the architecture of a Low-Power Wake-Up Receiver (LP-WUR) and the design of a Low-Power Wake-Up Signal (LP-WUS), aiming to support the use of wake-up receivers. One of the goals is to achieve substantial improvements in power savings for UEs. The report containing this study topic is available at http: / / www.3gpp.org and is titled "Low-power Wake-up Signal and Receiver for NR as a Rel.18 SI topic" in contribution number RP-221271 (Non-Patent Literature 7) presented at the 3GPP TSG RAN meeting #96 held in Hungary from June 6 to 9, 2022.

[0061] Therefore, power consumption depends on the wake-up period, for example, the set length of the paging cycle. While a large extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycle is expected to meet battery life requirements, it may introduce high latency, making it unsuitable for services requiring both long battery life and low latency. eDRX is particularly unsuitable for latency-critical use cases.

[0062] Currently, the UE needs to wake up periodically once per DRX cycle, which is the main source of power consumption during periods without signaling or data traffic. The DRX is used in RRC idle mode when monitoring paging messages. Therefore, the UE does not need to monitor all PDCCH transmission opportunities, but only paging opportunities, which can contribute more to battery saving. In connected mode, the DRX allows the UE to enter a "sleep" state where it does not need to monitor the PDCCH. The UE wakes up periodically to monitor the PDCCH or to send scheduling requests to initiate uplink data transfer. Therefore, the base station (gNB) is required to wait until the UE is active before transmitting data. The uplink will not be delayed unless the base station sets an uplink scheduling request period corresponding to the downlink DRX cycle.

[0063] The DRX period in connected mode is set by the RRC. After each PDCCH is received, an inactive timer is activated. After the inactive timer expires, there may be any period of short DRX periods before the normal (long) DRX period. The active period during which the UE reads PDCCH is called the "OnDuration" state or "DRX Active" state. The sleep period during which the UE does not read PDCCH is called the "OffDuration" state or "DRX Inactive" state. The base station can put the UE into DRX Inactive mode at any time using MAC signaling.

[0064] Since Release 16, the Wake-Up Signal (WUS) has been provided by DCI Format 2_6. DCI Format 2_6 has been used to wake up a UE or to notify a UE to skip monitoring the PDCCH before the DRX. In particular, this DCI is used to notify one or more UEs of power saving information outside of the DRX active time. The DCI is scrambled by PS-RNTI: —A wake-up notification indicating whether the UE is entering or waking up from hibernation, —A bitmap in which each bit corresponds to one of the SCell groups set by the upper layer (RRC), and the bitmap's MSB to LSB corresponds to the SCell pause notification corresponding to the first to last set SCell group, —Includes a SCell group that indicates which SCells the wake-up notification will be applied to.

[0065] More specifically, format 2_6 is defined in section 7.3.1.3.7 of Non-Patent Document 6 v17.2.0. Therefore, DCI format 2_6 is used to notify one or more UEs of power saving information outside of DRX active hours. Information for block numbers 1, 2, ..., N is transmitted in DCI format 2_6 with a CRC scrambled by PS-RNTI. The start position of a block is determined by PSPositionDCI2-6, a parameter provided by the upper layer to the UE in which the block is set. If the UE has the upper layer parameters PS-RNTI and dci-Format2-6 set, the upper layer sets a block for the UE, and the fields defined for the block are a wake-up notification (1 bit) and a SCell quiescence notification (0 bits if the upper layer parameter Scell-groups-for-dormancy-outside-active-time is not set, otherwise a 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 bit bitmap determined according to the upper layer parameter Scell-groups-for-dormancy-outside-active-time, where each bit corresponds to one of the SCell groups set by the upper layer parameter Scell-groups-for-dormancy-outside-active-time, and the MSB to LSB of the bitmap corresponds to the first to last SCell group set). The size of DCI format 2_6 is indicated by the upper layer parameter SizeDCI_2-6.

[0066] The UE can achieve power savings by using DCI format 2_6 to skip unnecessary PDCCH monitoring periods. Pause can be configured and applied to RRC-connected UEs.

[0067] Release 17 introduces a Paging Early Indication (PEI) design. DCI format 2_7 is used for Paging Early Indication. DCI format 2_7 is used to indicate to the UE whether it should skip or monitor its paging opportunity during each paging cycle. Therefore, the UE can conserve power by reducing the number of Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) measurements before detecting a PEI compared to traditional paging detection. PEI is set in the SIB and can be applied to paging monitoring for UEs in both the RRC CONNECTED and IDLE / INACTIVE states.

[0068] Power consumption can be dramatically reduced if the UE can only be woken up by a trigger, such as paging. This can be achieved by using a wake-up signal that triggers the main radio and a separate receiver capable of monitoring the wake-up signal with very low power consumption. The main radio can operate for data transmission and reception and can be set to off or deep sleep unless turned on. The power consumption for monitoring the wake-up signal depends on the design of the wake-up signal and the hardware module of the wake-up receiver used for signal detection and processing.

[0069] For low-power WUS / WUR applications targeting low-power, compact devices, including IoT use cases (industrial sensors, controllers, etc.) and wearable devices, careful consideration is required regarding signal design and the operation of the transmitting and receiving sections. Other use cases, such as XR / smart glasses and smartphones, are not excluded.

[0070] In other words, the LP-WUS / WUR design of Release 18 aims at preferable LP-WUS for a more efficient receiver structure, for example, an independent module for LP-WUS detection with relaxed requirements regarding time / frequency synchronization. The conventional design is basically DCI-based, and the UE is required to measure one or more SSBs for AGC training and time / frequency synchronization before detection. The long active time for receiving and processing SSBs is a major cause of power consumption.

[0071] <UE Measurement and Measurement Reporting> UE measurements are used for cell selection, cell reselection, power control calculations, mobility procedures, and beam management. Measurements are performed on measurement targets. In the current L1 beam measurement framework, the measurement targets (referring to a set of RSs such as SSB and / or CSI-RS) are semi-statically configured by RRC.

[0072] The results of such measurements may include, for example, reference signal received power (RSRP) values, reference signal received quality (RSRQ) values, or signal-to-noise and interference ratio (SINR) values, etc. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these examples. Other appropriate measurement results may also be used.

[0073] The UE performs measurements and reports the measurement results to its serving gNB. For this purpose, the UE can be configured with the necessary parameters and information from its serving gNB. For example, the configuration of the UE for performing measurements and reporting the measurement results conceptually includes the following. · The quantity or combination thereof to be reported. · The downlink resources of each cell for which measurements should be performed to derive the quantity to be reported · The actual reporting method, for example, the reporting timing and the uplink channel used for reporting

[0074] For example, measurement and reporting can be carried out based on the framework of a CSI report, and generally consist of two parts: one for setup and the other that triggers the CSI report.

[0075] The CSI-MeasConfig IE is the highest-level IE for CSI settings, and it configures not only L1-RSRP-related measurements / reports for beam management, but also conventional CSI-related measurements / reports (such as CQI) to determine proper MIMO precoding, modulation, and encoding.

[0076] CSI-MeasConfig IE primarily configures three types of lists.

[0077] 1) List of RS resource sets Each RS resource set included in the list contains one or more RS resources. For example, multiple CSI-RS resources can be configured by the NZP-CSI-RS-Resource IE and grouped into an RS resource set by the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet IE. Other possible RS resources are defined by the IE CSI-IM-Resource and IE SSB-Index.

[0078] 2) List of CSI-ResourceConfig IE A different CSI-ResourceConfig in the list may contain one or more different RS resource sets selected from list element 1). These may include NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet, CSI-IM-ResourceSet, and / or CSI-SSB-ResourceSet, each identified by an appropriate ID (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId, CSI-IM-ResourceSetId, and / or CSI-SSB-ResourceSetId).

[0079] 3) List of CSI-ReportConfig IE • Different CSI-ReportConfigs in the list configure different instances of CSI reporting. This is an informational element that links the reporting settings of this CSI-ReportConfig (by PUCCH or PUSCH, etc.) to one of the measurement resource sets (i.e., one CSI-ResourceConfig in the list element 2 above). The CSI-ResourceConfigID is included in the CSI-ReportConfig IE and identifies the CSI-ResourceConfig IE being used.

[0080] Measurements and reports can be performed periodically, semi-periodicly, or irregularly. These measurement results are reported by the UE to the gNB, for example, as uplink control information for PUCCH or PUSCH. As an example of 5G compatibility, CSI reporting is performed by the UE in accordance with the provisions described in Section 6.3 of Non-Patent Document 6 v17.4.0.

[0081] Current 3GPP 5G systems offer two types of reference signals for measurement: SSB (see SSB-Index above) and CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal; see NZP-CSI-RS-Resource IE and CSI-IM-Resource IE above). SSB is always transmitted by the network and is not UE-specific, thus lacking flexibility. For example, SSB can be used in relation to relatively wide beams. CSI-RS, on the other hand, can be specifically configured for a UE and offers considerable flexibility regarding transmission timing and frequency (time domain) and frequency domain resources. Because CSI-RS can only be configured for one or a few UEs, it can be used in relation to relatively narrow beams.

[0082] The reported components of CSI in 5G NR (i.e., various types of CSI) are multiple, as follows, based, for example, on Section 5.2.1 of Non-Patent Document 8. ·CQI(Channel Quality Information) ·PMI(Precoding Matrix Indicator) ·CRI(CSI-RS Resource Indicator) ·SSBRI(SS / PBCH Resource Block Indicator) · LI (Layer Indicator) · RI (Rank Indicator) L1-RSRP, and / or, • Ability Index

[0083] UE can report one or more different metrics, or a combination thereof. Generally, metrics can be classified into two types. • Quantities related to L1-RSRP (e.g., cri-RSRP, ssb-Index-RSRP, see IE CSI-Report Config below) • CSI-related quantities (e.g., remaining IE CSI-Report Config)

[0084] L1-RSRP-related quantities are new, first introduced in NR (Release 15), and one of their purposes is to facilitate beam management. In contrast, CSI-related quantities (such as CQI) are conventional and already exist in LTE. These conventional CSI-related quantities can be used by base stations to select appropriate MIMO precoding, modulation, and coding rates according to channel conditions.

[0085] Exemplary implementations may include, for example, Information Elements (IEs) such as cellGroupConfig, CSI-MeasConfig, CSI-ReportConfig, CSI-ResourceConfig, NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet, in accordance with the current definition of the 5G 3GPP standard as specified in Non-Patent Document 9.

[0086] In particular, IE(Information Element)CSI-MeasConfig and IE(Information Element)CSI-ReportConfig show the parameters of the CSI reporting framework that can be used by the UE to report the results measured.

[0087] One possible sequence of IEs for defining measurement and reporting based on the CSI framework is as follows:

[0088] -CellGroupConfig IE • SpCellConfig or SCellConfig's ServingCellConfig IE · CSI-MeasConfig IE · CSI-ResourceConfig IE ·NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet ·NZP-CSI-RS-Resource ·CSI-SSB-ResourceSet · SSB-index CSI-IM-ResourceSet CSI-IM-Resource · CSI-ReportConfig IE Details of this framework are described, for example, in Non-Patent Document 9, Section 6.3.2.

[0089] <Embodiment> As mentioned above, the long active time required to receive and process reference signals such as SSB and CSI-RS is a major factor in power consumption. Processing such reference signals may include measurements and corresponding reports. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce power consumption for such processing.

[0090] This disclosure provides network nodes and user equipment, as well as corresponding methods and programs. For example, an integrated circuit can control processing at a UE or base station. As shown in Figure 6, user equipment 610 and network node 660 can communicate via a radio channel in a wireless communication system. For example, user equipment may be NR user equipment, and network node may be a base station or scheduling node such as an eNB or NR gNB, in particular a gNB in ​​an NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network) NR system. An example of such a communication system is shown in Figure 6. The communication system 600 may be a wireless communication system according to the 5G technical specifications, in particular an NR communication system. However, this disclosure is not limited to 3GPP NR and may also apply to other wireless systems such as NTN or cellular systems.

[0091] Figure 6 is a general, schematic, and exemplary block diagram of a user device 610 (also referred to as a communication device) and a network node 660. However, generally, in the case of a side-link connection between two terminals, the scheduling device may also be a terminal. Furthermore, particularly with respect to URLLC, eMBB, and mMTC use cases, the user device 610 may be a sensor device, a wearable device, or a controller for a connected car or automated machinery in an industrial plant. The user device 610 may also function to relay between the network node 660 and other communication devices (for example, this disclosure is not limited to communication “terminals” or user “terminals”).

[0092] The UE and the eNB / gNB communicate with each other via the (wireless) physical channel 650 using their respective transceivers 620 (UE side) and 670 (network node side). The network node 660 and the terminal 610 together form a communication system 600. The communication system 600 may further include other entities as shown in Figure 1.

[0093] As shown in Figure 6 (left side), according to the first embodiment, a user equipment (UE) 610 is provided. The UE 610 comprises a receiving unit 622 and a circuit 630. The receiving unit 622 may be included in a transmitting / receiving unit 620. The exemplary transmitting / receiving unit 620 in Figure 6 further comprises a transmitting unit 621.

[0094] The receiver 622 receives a reference signal during operation. The circuit 630 performs a first measurement based on the reference signal during operation. The circuit 630 also determines whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition. If the preset condition is met, low-power operation is performed.

[0095] Any of the exemplary measurements in this disclosure, including the first measurement described above, may be Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, i.e., RRM measurements. Further details regarding the measurements are described in the UE Measurements and Measurement Reports section above.

[0096] Such pre-configured conditions may be set in advance by standards, reception settings, etc. Reception settings may be transmitted, for example, by the base station. For example, reception settings may be RRC settings or other settings.

[0097] Generally, circuit 630 controls a transceiver 620, which may include a transmitter 621 and a receiver 622, to receive and / or transmit data. This is indicated by arrow 625, which schematically represents the interface between circuit 630 and the transceiver 620 where the control takes place. For example, circuit 630 may control (625) the transceiver 620 to receive at least one reference signal.

[0098] Furthermore, the UE may report the measurement results to the base station. The UE, in particular the circuit, may further obtain a report based on the measurement results based on one or more MR reference signals or LR reference signals. As described above, the UE 610 may further include a transmitter 621, which may transmit the report to the base station 660. The transmitter 621 may be included in the transceiver 620. For example, such a report may be made when the UE is in RRC connect mode.

[0099] Further details regarding the reporting of measurement results are described in the UE Measurement and Measurement Reporting section above.

[0100] Figure 7 shows an example of the functional configuration of circuit 630, in particular circuit 635, which determines low-power operation (i.e., whether the UE610 can perform low-power operation). As shown in the figure, the low-power determination circuit 635 may include a measurement circuit 736. For example, the low-power determination circuit 635 may include an additional pre-set condition determination circuit 737. More specifically, circuit 736 can perform a first measurement based on a received reference signal. The pre-set condition determination circuit 737 may determine whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition.

[0101] For example, by providing low-power operation based on pre-set conditions, power savings for the UE can be achieved while maintaining acceptable measurement performance.

[0102] In response to the above-mentioned UE, a method for low-power operation by user equipment is provided. As shown in Figure 9, this method includes the following steps. • Received reference signal (S910) • Perform the first measurement based on the reference signal (S920) • Determine whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the pre-set conditions (S930), and • Low-power operation is performed when pre-set conditions are met (S940)

[0103] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6 (right side), a network node 660 is provided. The network node 660 comprises a transmitting / receiving unit 670 and a circuit 680. When in operation, the circuit 680 acquires settings for measurement conditions based on a predetermined reference signal, such that the UE performs low-power operation when the measurement performed by the UE satisfies these conditions. The transmitting unit 671 transmits notification of these settings to the UE.

[0104] Generally, circuit 680 can control the transceiver 670 to receive and / or transmit data. This is indicated by arrow 675, which schematically represents the interface between the controlled circuit 680 and the transceiver 670. For example, circuit 680 may instruct the transceiver 670 to send a notification of the setting to the UE (675).

[0105] Figure 8 shows an exemplary functional structure of circuit 680, in particular, the low-power setting circuit 685. In particular, the low-power setting circuit 685 may include a condition setting circuit 836. For example, the low-power setting circuit 685 may include an additional setting transmission circuit 837. Circuit 836 may be responsible for setting conditions for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal. Furthermore, circuit 837 may be responsible for transmitting notification of the condition setting to the UE.

[0106] For example, low-power operation of the UE is achieved by providing the setting of measurement conditions based on a predetermined reference signal.

[0107] Furthermore, a communication method is provided that is performed by network nodes in accordance with the above-mentioned base stations. As shown in Figure 10, this method includes the following steps. - Setting conditions for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal, and obtaining a setting such that the UE performs low-power operation when the measurement performed by the UE satisfies said conditions (S1010), • Send notification of this setting to the UE (S1020)

[0108] UE610 may comprise a transceiver 620 and a (processing) circuit 630, and network node 660 may comprise a transceiver 670 and a (processing) circuit 680. The transceiver 620 comprises a receiver and / or a transmitter, and / or functions as both a receiver and / or a transmitter. In this disclosure, in other words, the term transceiver refers to hardware and software components that enable the communication device 610, or each base station 660, to transmit and / or receive radio signals over the radio channel 650. Thus, a transceiver corresponds to a receiver, a transmitter, or a combination of a receiver and a transmitter. Typically, base stations and communication devices are assumed to be capable of both receiving and transmitting radio signals. However, particularly with regard to some applications of eMBB, mMTC, and URLLC (smart home, smart city, industrial automation, etc.), there may be cases where devices such as sensors only transmit signals. Furthermore, the term “circuit” includes one or more processors or processing units, etc.

[0109] Circuits 630 and 680 (or processing circuits) may be one or more processors or one or more hardware such as any LSI. There are input / output points (or nodes) between the transmitting / receiving unit and the processing circuit, and the processing circuit can control the transmitting / receiving unit when in operation, i.e., control the receiving and / or transmitting unit and exchange received / transmitted data.

[0110] The transmitting and receiving unit may include an RF front, comprising one or more antennas, amplifiers, radio frequency (RF) modulators / demodulators, etc., as a transmitting and receiving unit. The processing circuit may perform control tasks such as transmitting user data and control data provided by the processing circuit, and / or receiving user data and control data that has been further processed by the processing circuit, by controlling the transmitting and receiving unit. The processing circuit may also be responsible for performing other processes such as judgment, determination, calculation, and measurement. The transmitting unit may be responsible for transmission processing and other related processing. The receiving unit may be responsible for reception processing and other related processing, such as channel monitoring.

[0111] The various steps / operations / methods described below may be implemented or controlled by circuit 630 (UE side) and / or circuit 680 (network node side).

[0112] In the following description of details and embodiments, unless otherwise explicitly or implicitly stated, the descriptions apply to user equipment, network nodes, and methods, respectively. Each of the steps described below may be included as code instructions in a program that can be executed by one or more processors (e.g., circuit 630 and / or circuit 680).

[0113] When performing such low-power operation, the UE, in particular the circuit, may perform a second measurement based on a low-power radio (LR) reference signal. For example, the UE receives a second reference signal, which is a reference signal for low-power operation. The second measurement may be performed based on the received LR reference signal.

[0114] Such a low-power radio reference signal may include, for example, at least one of a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) and a low-power synchronization signal (LP-SS). Alternatively or additionally, the low-power radio reference signal may include any reference signal suitable for measurement, such as any reference signal specified in the standard. For example, SSB or CSI-RS may be used as a reference signal suitable for measurement. However, this disclosure is not limited to these examples. In general, any signal suitable for measurement can be used as a low-power radio reference signal.

[0115] For example, Low Power Radio (LR) operation may include measurements based on LP-WUS and / or LP-SS, or one or more conventional reference signals such as PSS (Primary Synchronization Signal), SSS (Secondary Synchronization Signal), and PBCH DMRS (Physical Broadcast Channel Demodulation Reference Signal), in either RRC inactive mode or RRC idle mode. LR operation may also include measurements based on LP-WUS and / or LP-SS, or conventional reference signals such as PSS / SSS / PBCH DMRS, in RRC connect mode. In LR operation, time and / or frequency tracing may be performed using one or more of SSB, CSI-RS, LP-WUS, and LP-SS. In such exemplary LR operation, control channels and / or control signals, such as an LP-WUS or paging signal indicating PDCCH monitoring, may be monitored.

[0116] In general, "Low Power (LP)" and "Low Power Radio (LR)" are used synonymously in this specification.

[0117] Such LR operation may be performed in place of and / or in addition to the main radio operation (MR). For example, the UE may use different hardware for the MR operation and the LR operation. For example, the UE may use the same hardware for both the MR operation and the LR operation. For example, the UE may include an LR transceiver, an LR circuit, an MR transceiver, and an MR circuit. For example, the LR transceiver and LR circuit may perform low-power operation, while the MR transceiver and MR circuit perform main operation. For example, the LR circuit and the MR circuit may be included in the same physical circuit.

[0118] Furthermore, in any of the above examples, different functions may be assigned to the UE in each operating mode of MR operation and LR operation. For example, the UE can perform one or more functions that are also possible in MR operation mode while in LR operation mode. In this specification, the terms “operation,” “operating mode,” “mode,” “state,” and “operating state” are used synonymously with respect to low-power radio and / or primary radio.

[0119] For example, MR (Main Radio) operation may include measurements based on SSB and / or CSI-RS in either RRC inactive mode or RRC idle mode. Alternatively, MR operation may include measurements based on SSB and / or CSI-RS in RRC connect mode. In MR operation, time and / or frequency tracing may be performed using one or more of SSB, CSI-RS, LP-WUS (Low Power Wake Up Signal), and LP-SS (Low Power Synchronization Signal). In such exemplary MR operation, a control channel such as PDCCH may be monitored.

[0120] In other words, the MR reference signal may include at least one of SSB and CSI-RS.

[0121] The present invention is not limited to such exemplary MR and LR operations. MR and LR operations, particularly time / frequency tracking and control channel monitoring, may or may not be explicitly reflected in the standard specifications, depending on whether the MR or LR hardware operates one or more of the above functions, but may only specify the channels, signals, and / or reference signals to receive / monitor / measure. Which channels are measured by an RRM measurement may imply MR or LR operations on one or more other channels.

[0122] For example, in LR operation, the UE may use a specific low-power reference signal. In other words, when the UE is performing low-power operation, receiving the reference signal includes receiving a low-power radio (LR) reference signal.

[0123] Such low-power reference signals may include simpler waveforms (compared to non-low-power reference signals). For example, OOK (On-Off Keying) modulation and / or FSK (Frequency-Shift Keying) modulation enable reception and monitoring of the low-power reference signal by a receiver with less complexity (compared to an MR receiver). Such a low-power reference signal may be, for example, an LP-WUS that notifies the UE to perform MR operation. Such a low-power reference signal may be, for example, an LP-SS that provides a reference signal for time / frequency domain tracking / synchronization and / or RRM (Radio Resource Management) measurements.

[0124] If the UE is not operating in low-power mode, receiving the reference signal includes receiving the MR (Main Radio) reference signal. For example, when not operating in low-power mode, the UE can perform MR operation, a combination of MR and LR operation, etc.

[0125] For example, such MR reference signals may be SSB and / or CSI-RS. This disclosure is not limited to these exemplary reference signals. In general, other suitable reference signals may be used to perform the measurements.

[0126] If pre-set conditions are met, the system may switch between LR operation and non-LR operation.

[0127] In other words, if pre-set conditions are met, the circuit may switch to low-power operation, for example. This may occur if the UE receives a reference signal while not in low-power operation.

[0128] Furthermore, the circuit may decide to maintain a low-power operating state before performing low-power operation if pre-set conditions are met, for example. This may occur if the UE receives a reference signal while performing low-power operation.

[0129] In the first embodiment, the transition to low-power operation may occur, for example, when a predetermined condition is met, from primary radio operation to low-power operation. Such exemplary primary radio operation may include performing measurements based on an MR reference signal.

[0130] Such a transition according to the first embodiment is illustrated in Figure 11 as a state transition diagram of two states. These two states are represented by LR operation 1110 and MR operation 1120. When the preset conditions (in Figure 11) are met as the first preset conditions, the UE transitions from MR operation to LR operation (1140). For example, the first preset conditions may include whether the MR measurement result exceeds a predetermined threshold. Such a threshold may be defined by a standard or by a setting notification received by the UE.

[0131] For example, this transition to LR operation allows for saving UE power by offloading measurements to LR operation when channel conditions are favorable (e.g., not at the edge of the cell).

[0132] The UE in the embodiment shown in Figure 11 may transition from LR operation to MR operation when a second preset condition is met (1130). For example, the second preset condition may include whether the LR measurement result is below a predetermined threshold, and this threshold may be different from the threshold for transitioning from MR operation to LR operation. Such a threshold for transitioning from LR operation to MR operation may be defined by a standard or by a setting notification received by the UE, as described above.

[0133] For example, transitioning to such MR operation ensures measurement accuracy. Therefore, switching states based on pre-set conditions enables power saving of the UE while maintaining acceptable measurement performance.

[0134] However, the transition to and from LR operation is not limited to the exemplary conditions in the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 11. Generally, when determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition, the UE may determine whether one or more criteria from a set of criteria are met. The preset condition may be considered satisfied if, for example, at least one of these criteria is met, if a selected subset of these criteria is met, or if all of these criteria are met.

[0135] Possible candidates for such criteria are considered below. The set of criteria may include one or more of the exemplary criteria above, and may include any combination thereof.

[0136] For example, a set of criteria for pre-configured conditions for transitioning to LR operation may include static criteria as a first exemplary criterion. Such static criteria may be based on the UE's mobility determination. For example, in such static criteria, the measurement result (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR) is constant or has limited variation over a certain period. Such limited variation may be defined by a standard or a configuration notification received by the UE. For example, the lowMobilityEvaluation sequence provides criteria for the UE to detect low mobility in order to relax the measurement requirements for cell reselection (see Non-Patent Document 10, Section 5.2.4.9.1).

[0137] For example, the set of pre-configured criteria for transitioning to LR operation may include a second exemplary criterion: a non-cell edge criterion. Such a non-cell edge criterion may be based on whether the UE is at the edge of a cell. For example, in such a non-cell edge criterion, the measurement result (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR) is greater than a threshold. Such a threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE. For example, the cellEdgeEvaluation sequence provides a criterion for detecting that the UE is not at the edge of a cell in order to relax the measurement requirements for cell reselection (see Non-Patent Document 10, Section 5.2.4.9.2).

[0138] For example, as a third exemplary criterion, the set of pre-configured conditions for transitioning to LR operation may include, if the first measurement performed by the UE is a serving cell measurement performed in low-power operation, the measured value of the serving cell being greater than a first default threshold. The first threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE. In other words, if the first measurement is a measurement in LR operation, and the conditions are met, the measured value must exceed the (default) threshold in order to maintain low-power operation.

[0139] For example, as a fourth exemplary criterion, the set of criteria for pre-configured conditions for transitioning to LR operation may include, if the first measurement is a serving cell measurement not performed in low-power operation, that the measured value of the serving cell is greater than a second default threshold. The second threshold may be defined by a standard or a configuration notification received by the UE. In other words, if the first measurement is a measurement performed when not in LR operation, then, if the conditions are met, the measured value must exceed the (default) threshold in order to transition to low-power operation. For example, if the UE is performing MR operation and the first measurement is based on an MR reference signal, For example, as a fifth exemplary criterion, the set of criteria for pre-configured conditions for transitioning to LR operation may include the condition that, if the first measurement is a serving cell measurement performed in low-power operation, the difference between the serving cell measurement and the measurement of the adjacent cell is greater than a third default threshold. The third threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0140] For example, in the case of the fifth criterion, the UE may perform the first measurement as a measurement of the serving cell. The UE may also perform the second measurement on an adjacent cell. For example, the difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of the adjacent cell corresponds to the difference between the measurement result of the serving cell and the measurement result of the adjacent cell. If the difference is greater than the third default threshold, the UE performs low-power operation.

[0141] For example, in the case of the fifth criterion, the UE may perform a second measurement in each of the multiple adjacent cells. Alternatively, the UE may obtain the highest measurement value among the second measurements of the measured adjacent cells. The difference between the serving cell measurement and the highest measurement value among the second measurements may correspond to the difference between the serving cell measurement result and the highest measurement result obtained among the second measurements in the multiple adjacent cells. If the difference is greater than the third default threshold, the UE performs low-power operation.

[0142] For example, as a sixth exemplary criterion, the set of criteria for the pre-configured conditions for transitioning to LR operation may include the condition that, if the first measurement is performed in low-power operation, the difference between that measurement and a measurement not performed in low-power operation is less than a fourth default threshold. The fourth threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0143] For example, in the case of the sixth criterion, the UE may perform the first measurement as a measurement performed in low-power operation. The UE may also perform a second measurement that is not performed in low-power operation. The difference between the measurement performed during LR operation and the measurement performed when LR operation is not performed corresponds to the difference between the result of the measurement performed during LR operation and the result of the measurement performed when LR operation is not performed. In this case, if the difference is smaller than the fourth default threshold, the UE performs low-power operation.

[0144] A set of criteria for performing such LR operation may be applicable to the first embodiment and to all embodiments described herein.

[0145] In the first embodiment, the thresholds for transitioning to and returning to the low-power operating state (leaving) may be different. Similarly, the thresholds for transitioning to and returning to the main operating state may also be different.

[0146] Furthermore, a UE performing low-power operation may transition to another operating mode. For example, in the first embodiment, the UE, particularly the circuitry included in the UE, may transition to main radio (MR) operation when it satisfies pre-configuration conditions for transitioning to main radio operation for measurements based on the LR reference signal. Such main radio operation according to the first embodiment may include performing measurements based on the MR reference signal with a first periodicity. For example, such a first periodicity may be set by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE. For example, the periodicity may be 60 or 600 DRX cycles. The length of the DRX cycle may be fixed by a standard or set by a higher layer, such as an RRC message or SIB.

[0147] Figure 13 shows a second embodiment.

[0148] The second embodiment is described as a state transition diagram of two states 1310 and 1320, one of which includes two substates: low-power operation 1311 and low-frequency main operation 1312. In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a transition to low-power operation 1310 (1330) occurs.

[0149] Furthermore, the sub-state 1312 for low-frequency MR measurement is a periodic operation and may be separate from the LR measurement in the low-power sub-state 1311. Also, the operating frequency of the low-frequency MR measurement may be relaxed to a longer period compared to the LR measurement in the low-power sub-state 1311 and / or the MR measurement in the "normal" MR operation 1320 (e.g., once every 60 or 600 DRX cycles). This allows for power savings in the UE.

[0150] In other words, in the second embodiment, during low-power operation 1310, measurements based on the LR reference signal are performed with a second periodicity. Furthermore, in the low-power operation 1310 according to the second embodiment, measurements based on the MR reference signal are performed with a third periodicity.

[0151] Furthermore, in the embodiment, the main radio operation includes performing measurements based on the MR reference signal at a fourth periodicity. Note that the measurements based on the MR reference signal in the main radio operation 1320 may be performed more frequently than the measurements based on the MR reference signal in the low-power operation 1310.

[0152] In the second embodiment, the UE may transition to main radio operation 1320 (1340 or 1350) if a first preset condition for transitioning to main radio operation (1350) is met for measurements based on the LR reference signal, or if a second preset condition for transitioning to main radio operation (1340) is met for measurements based on the MR reference signal.

[0153] Such pre-configuration conditions for transitioning to primary radio operation, including a first pre-configuration condition for transitioning to primary radio operation and a second pre-configuration condition for transitioning to primary radio operation, may include one or more of a set of criteria.

[0154] For example, as a first exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, the set of pre-configured criteria for transitioning to MR operation may include non-static criteria. Such non-static criteria may be based on a determination of the UE's mobility. For example, in such non-static criteria, the measurement result (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR) may have a variation greater than a predetermined threshold within a period. Such a predetermined threshold for variation may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0155] For example, a set of pre-configured criteria for transitioning to MR operation may include a cell edge criterion as a second exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation. Such a cell edge criterion may be based on whether the UE is at the edge of a cell. For example, in such a cell edge criterion, the measurement result (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR) is less than a threshold. The threshold for such a cell edge criterion may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0156] For example, as a third exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, the set of pre-configured conditions for transitioning to MR operation may include the serving cell measurement performed in low-power operation being below a fifth default threshold. The fifth threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0157] For example, as a fourth exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, the set of pre-configured conditions for transitioning to MR operation may include the condition that the difference between a measurement performed based on the LR reference signal and a measurement performed based on the MR reference signal is greater than a sixth default threshold. The sixth threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE. The difference between a measurement based on the LR reference signal and a measurement based on the MR reference signal corresponds to the difference between the result of the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the result of the measurement based on the MR reference signal. The UE performs primary radio operation if the difference is greater than the sixth default threshold.

[0158] For example, as a fifth exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, the set of pre-configured criteria for transitioning to MR operation may include the condition that, when the first measurement is a serving cell measurement, the difference between the serving cell measurement and the measurement of an adjacent cell is less than a seventh default threshold. The seventh threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0159] For example, in the fifth exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, the UE may perform the first measurement as a measurement of the serving cell. The UE may also perform a second measurement in the adjacent cell. For example, the difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of the adjacent cell corresponds to the difference between the measurement result of the serving cell and the measurement result of the adjacent cell. If this difference is smaller than the seventh default threshold, the UE performs primary radio operation.

[0160] For example, in the fifth exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, the UE may perform a second measurement in each of the multiple adjacent cells. Alternatively, the UE may obtain the highest measurement from the second measurements of the measured adjacent cells. The difference between the serving cell measurement and the highest measurement among the second measurements may correspond to the difference between the serving cell measurement and the highest measurement obtained from the second measurements in the multiple adjacent cells. If the difference is less than the seventh default threshold, the UE performs primary radio operation.

[0161] The set of criteria for transitioning to MR operation according to the second embodiment can be applied as additional or alternative criteria for the pre-set conditions for transitioning to MR operation according to other embodiments of this specification, in particular the first embodiment described above and the subsequent third embodiment.

[0162] Figure 12 shows a third embodiment. The transition according to the third embodiment is illustrated as a state transition diagram of three states. The three states are represented by LR operation 1210, MR operation 1220, and intermediate operation 1230. When the preset condition, which is the first preset condition, is met, the UE transitions from the intermediate operation to the LR operation (1260).

[0163] Such intermediate operations include performing measurements based on the LR reference signal in addition to performing measurements based on the MR reference signal. Intermediate operations are not limited to MR and / or LR measurements. Generally, intermediate operations include at least performing measurements based on the LR reference signal and measurements based on the MR reference signal. In other words, intermediate operations may include additional functions.

[0164] For example, in intermediate operation, measurements based on the MR reference signal may be performed less frequently than measurements based on the MR reference signal in main radio operation. For example, in intermediate operation, measurements based on the LR reference signal may be performed more frequently than measurements based on the LR reference signal in LR operation.

[0165] Similar to the low-power operation 1310 in the second embodiment, the intermediate operation 1230 in the third embodiment may include low-frequency MR measurements. The operating frequency of the low-frequency MR measurements may be relaxed to a longer period than that of LR measurements based on an LR reference signal in either the intermediate state 1230 or the LR operation 1210, or MR measurements in the "normal" MR operation 1220 (e.g., once every 60 or 600 DRX cycles). This allows the UE to conserve power.

[0166] For example, the first pre-configuration condition may include whether the MR measurement result exceeds a predetermined threshold. For example, the first pre-configuration condition may include whether the difference between the LR measurement performed while in intermediate mode and the MR measurement performed while in intermediate mode is less than a predetermined threshold. Any of the above thresholds may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE. Furthermore, any of the criteria or combinations of criteria in the set of criteria for performing LR operation described above for the first embodiment may be applicable to the third embodiment.

[0167] Furthermore, if the second pre-configuration condition is met, the UE according to the third embodiment in Figure 12 may transition from MR operation 1220 to intermediate operation 1230 (1270).

[0168] For example, the second pre-configuration condition may include a static criterion. Such a static criterion may be defined in the same way as the first exemplary criterion for transitioning to LR operation, which is detailed below.

[0169] For example, the second pre-configuration condition may include a non-cell edge criterion. Such a non-cell edge criterion may be defined in the same way as the second exemplary criterion for transitioning to LR operation, as detailed.

[0170] For example, the second pre-configuration condition may include whether the MR measurement result exceeds an eighth default threshold. Such an eighth threshold for the transition from MR operation 1220 to intermediate operation 1230 (1270) may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0171] For example, the second pre-configuration condition may include the difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of the adjacent cell being greater than the ninth default threshold. The ninth threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0172] For example, the UE may perform measurements on the serving cell. Alternatively, the UE may perform measurements on the adjacent cell. For example, the difference between the serving cell measurement and the adjacent cell measurement corresponds to the difference between the serving cell measurement result and the adjacent cell measurement result. If the difference exceeds the ninth default threshold, the UE performs an intermediate action.

[0173] For example, the UE may perform measurements in each of the adjacent cells of multiple adjacent cells. Alternatively, the UE may obtain the highest measurement from the second measurements of the measured adjacent cells. The difference between the serving cell measurement and the highest measurement from the second measurements may correspond to the difference between the serving cell measurement result and the highest measurement result obtained from the second measurements in the multiple adjacent cells. If the difference is greater than the ninth default threshold, the UE performs an intermediate action.

[0174] For example, the second pre-configuration condition may include the condition that the difference between the measurement performed based on the LR reference signal and the measurement performed based on the MR reference signal is less than the tenth default threshold. The tenth threshold may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE. The difference between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal corresponds to the difference between the result of the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the result of the measurement based on the MR reference signal. If the difference is greater than the tenth default threshold, the UE performs an intermediate action.

[0175] Furthermore, when the third pre-configuration condition is met, the UE according to the third embodiment in Figure 12 may transition from the intermediate operation 1230 to the MR operation 1220 (1250).

[0176] For example, the third pre-configured condition may include non-static criteria. Such non-static criteria may be defined in the same way as the first exemplary criteria for transitioning to MR operation, as detailed.

[0177] For example, the third pre-configuration condition may include a cell edge criterion. Such a cell edge criterion may be defined in the same way as the second exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, as detailed.

[0178] For example, the third pre-set condition may include whether or not the MR measurement result is below the 11th default threshold.

[0179] For example, a third pre-configuration condition may include whether the difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of at least one adjacent cell is less than a 12th default threshold. Such a criterion may be defined in the same way as the fifth exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation.

[0180] For example, the third pre-configuration condition may include whether the difference between the LR measurement and the MR measurement is greater than the 13th default threshold. Any of the 11th to 13 default thresholds may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0181] Furthermore, if the fourth pre-configuration condition is met, the UE of the third embodiment in Figure 12 may transition from LR operation to intermediate operation (1240).

[0182] For example, the fourth pre-configuration condition may include non-static criteria. Such non-static criteria may be defined in the same way as the first exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, which is detailed below.

[0183] For example, the fourth pre-configuration condition may include a cell edge criterion. Such a cell edge criterion may be defined in the same way as the second exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation, as detailed.

[0184] For example, the fourth pre-configuration condition may include whether the LR measurement result is less than the 14th default threshold. The 14th default threshold may be different from any of the thresholds for transitioning from intermediate operation to LR operation. Similarly, such a 14th default threshold for transitioning from LR operation to intermediate operation may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0185] For example, the fourth pre-configuration condition may include whether the difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of at least one adjacent cell is less than the 15th default threshold. Such a criterion may be defined in the same way as the fifth exemplary criterion for transitioning to MR operation.

[0186] For example, the fourth pre-configuration condition may include whether the difference between the LR measurement and the MR measurement is greater than the sixteenth default threshold. Any of the fourteenth to sixteenth default thresholds may be defined by a standard or by a configuration notification received by the UE.

[0187] In general, any of the 1st through 16th default thresholds may be set independently of each other. The 1st through 10th default thresholds may be the same value, or they may be different values ​​from the other thresholds among the 1st through 10th default thresholds. Furthermore, any of the above thresholds and / or corresponding criteria may be set in SIB or RRC.

[0188] In the third embodiment, the thresholds for transitioning to and returning to the low-power operating state may be different. Furthermore, the thresholds for transitioning to and returning to the intermediate operating state may be different. In addition, the thresholds for transitioning to and returning to the main operating state may be different.

[0189] In other words, in the third embodiment, when the channel conditions are good, LR operation may be used as much as possible to obtain better power-saving gain. When the channel conditions are relatively poor, MR operation may be performed to ensure the reliability of the measurement.

[0190] However, this disclosure is not limited to the exemplary conditions according to the embodiment of Figure 12 for transitioning to and returning to any of the LR operation 1210, intermediate operation 1230, and MR operation 1220.

[0191] The fourth embodiment may be combined with any of the examples or other embodiments herein, in particular any of the first, second and third embodiments, and the UE, in particular the circuit, may further determine whether a predetermined time has elapsed since the previous transition when determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition.

[0192] In other words, the state switch may optionally be restricted by a specific period (i.e., the UE cannot switch until a minimum “quiet period” has elapsed). Such a “quiet period” or specified time may be defined in the standard or set in a notification received by the UE. For example, such a criterion may be similar to the TimeToTrigger information element in Non-Patent Literature 9, Section 7.1.2. TimeToTrigger support may be used separately from or in conjunction with any of the criteria for transitioning to LR operation and / or any of the criteria for transitioning to MR operation and / or any of the other criteria for switching as defined herein.

[0193] In a fourth embodiment, the pre-set conditions may include adding an offset to an arbitrary default threshold. Such an offset may be added to or separately from a default time since the previous transition. Such an additional offset may be applied to any of the thresholds included in the conditions for transitions between states as defined in this disclosure, including the first to tenth default thresholds defined above. Such an additional offset can promote a hysteresis effect to prevent undesirable abrupt switching.

[0194] For example, the threshold for state switching may optionally be offset by additional parameters, such as the conventional IE Hysteresis, which is a parameter used within the start and end conditions of an event-triggered reporting condition (see Non-Patent Document 9, Section 5.5.4).

[0195] In a fifth embodiment, the UE receives settings from the base station for measurement and / or reporting. The settings received may include settings related to the object being measured, which are described in the section on the UE's measurement and measurement reporting. Such settings may be received by the UE in RRC connect mode. Details of the RRC mode and RRC settings are described in the section on establishing and reconfiguring the RRC connection above.

[0196] The fifth embodiment may be combined with any of the examples or other embodiments herein, in particular with any of the first, second, third, and fourth embodiments, or any combination thereof.

[0197] Figure 14 shows candidate RRC information elements for such measurement settings, i.e., settings for the object to be measured. An example measurement setting 1410 includes the object to be measured MeasObject 1420 and the reporting setting ReportConfig 1430. The object to be measured MeasObject 1420 may contain one or more objects to be measured. The measurement setting 1410 may also include an identifier MeasID and additional elements such as s-MeasureConfig, quantityConfig, and measGapConfig.

[0198] MeasID may provide a list of measurement identifiers, each of which associates one measurement target with one reporting setting. By setting multiple measurement identifiers, one or more measurement targets can be associated with the same reporting setting, and one or more reporting settings can be associated with the same measurement target.

[0199] The quantity setting `quantityConfig` may define measurement filtering settings used for evaluating measurement events and related reporting, as well as for periodic reporting of those measurements.

[0200] The measGapConfig, which specifies the time period that the UE can use to perform measurements, may define the measurement interval.

[0201] In the first example according to the fifth embodiment, the measurement target includes the setting of an MR reference signal and the setting of an LR reference signal. For example, the measurement target may include resource settings for SSB and / or CSI-RS as settings for the MR reference signal. For example, the measurement target may include resource settings for LP-WUS and / or LP-SS as settings for the LR reference signal.

[0202] Figure 15 shows a candidate RRC information element for such a measurement target according to the first example of the fifth embodiment. The exemplary measurement target 1510 includes a reference signal setting referenceSignalConfig, which may include SSB and / or CSI-RS resource settings and LP-WUS and / or LP-SS resource settings 1520.

[0203] In other words, in the first example, measurements based on LP-WUS / LP-SS are added to the MeasObject along with conventional SSB / CSI-RS. In the (RRM) report set and associated with this measurement target, the UE may choose to report based on one or more of MR (conventional) and LR, depending on the UE's current operating settings. For example, the UE may choose to report, depending on the UE implementation, that the measurement may be based on one or more of the set signals. For example, for measurements based on one or more of the set signals, concatenation and / or averaging operations may be optionally applied. When reporting multiple measurements based on conventional and / or new signals individually, either the absolute value or the difference value of the two may be reported.

[0204] The first example of the fifth embodiment may have little impact on the specifications, for example. Such embodiments may provide greater flexibility when the UE selects to report, or when the network determines the UE's reporting.

[0205] In the second example according to the fifth embodiment, the settings may include a first measurement target and a second measurement target. Such a first measurement target may include settings for MR reference signals, such as resource settings for SSB and / or CSI-RS. Such a second measurement target may include settings for LR reference signals, such as resource settings for LP-WUS and / or LP-SS.

[0206] Figure 16 shows candidate RRC information elements for such a measurement object according to a second example of the fifth embodiment. An exemplary first measurement object 1610 includes a reference signal setting referenceSignalConfig, which may include an SSB and / or CSI-RS resource setting 1620. An exemplary second measurement object 1611 includes a reference signal setting referenceSignalConfig, which may include an LP-WUS and / or LP-SS resource setting 1621. The measurement object MeasObject 1420 shown in Figure 14 may include one or more measurement objects, including the first measurement object 1610 and the second measurement object 1611.

[0207] In other words, in the second example, measurements based on LP-WUS / LP-SS may be configured in a separate MeasObject1611. If a single ReportConfig1430 is associated with multiple MeasObjects (each corresponding to an LR signal and an MR (conventional) signal) in MeasConfig1410, the UE may choose to report the measurement results as in the first example. For example, the UE may choose to report based on one or more of the MR (conventional) and LR reference signals, depending on the UE's current operating settings. For example, the UE may choose to report that the measurement may be based on one or more of the configured signals, depending on the UE implementation. For example, for measurements based on one or more of the configured signals, concatenation and / or averaging operations may be optionally applied. When reporting multiple measurements based on conventional and / or new signals individually, either the absolute value or the difference between the two values ​​may be reported.

[0208] A second example of the fifth embodiment can provide a clear separation of the measurement LP-WUS / LP-SS resource settings from the conventional UE. Such embodiments can facilitate backward compatibility.

[0209] As described above, the UE may report the measurement results to the base station. The UE, in particular the circuit, may further obtain a report based on the measurement results, which are based on one or more of the MR reference signal and the LR reference signal.

[0210] Furthermore, the third example according to the fifth embodiment is an example that can be combined with either the first or second example according to the fifth embodiment, and the UE, in particular the circuit, may further receive a reporting configuration. Such a reporting configuration may notify a reference signal to be reported to the base station, which is included in at least one measurement target.

[0211] Figure 17 shows a candidate RRC information element for such a reporting configuration ReportConfig1710 according to a third example of the fifth embodiment. The exemplary reporting configuration 1710 includes a notification 1720 indicating whether the report is a periodic report or an event-triggered report. It also includes an enumerated type rsType1730 for the type of reporting reference signal, such as SSB, CSI-RS, LP-WUS, and LP-SS.

[0212] In other words, ReportConfig may determine which RS may be used for the measurement report. If, in MeasConfig1410, one ReportConfig1430 is associated with multiple MeasObjects1420 (each corresponding to an LR signal and an MR (conventional) signal), the UE may choose to report the measurement results as in the first example. For example, the UE may choose to report based on one or more of the MR (conventional) and LR reference signals, depending on the UE's current operating settings. For example, the UE may choose to report, depending on the UE implementation, that the measurement may be based on one or more of the configured signals. For example, for measurements based on one or more of the configured signals, combining and / or averaging operations may be optionally applied. When reporting multiple measurements based on conventional and / or novel signals individually, either the absolute value or the difference value of the two may be reported.

[0213] As described above, reports may be triggered by events. Such event-triggered reports may be triggered when one or more criteria for any of the preconfigured conditions regarding transitions to operating modes are met. For example, a report may be triggered when at least one of these criteria is met, when a selected subset of these criteria is met, or when all of these criteria are met.

[0214] For example, a report may be triggered if one or more of the following conditions are met: Static criteria based on UE mobility determination, - Non-cell edge criterion based on whether or not the UE is at the edge of the cell. • If the first measurement is a serving cell measurement performed in low-power operation, and the serving cell measurement is greater than the first default threshold, • If the first measurement is a serving cell measurement not performed in low-power operation, and the serving cell measurement is greater than the second default threshold, • If the first measurement is a serving cell measurement performed in low-power operation, the difference between the serving cell measurement and the measurement of the adjacent cell is greater than the third default threshold. • If the first measurement is performed in low-power operation, the difference between that measurement and a measurement not performed in low-power operation is less than the fourth predetermined threshold.

[0215] For example, the UE may provide measurement reports based on a Layer 1 (L1) LR reference signal or a Layer 3 (L3) LR reference signal. Both L1 and L3 reports can be irregular, semi-regular, or regular. Such a configuration facilitates the reporting of measurement results based on Layer 1 and / or Layer 3.

[0216] Furthermore, a difference report between MR and LR measurements may be applied. In other words, a measurement report based on the L1 LR reference signal and / or a measurement report based on the L3 LR reference signal may include a difference report between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal. Which reference signal provides the reference value and which reference signal provides the difference may depend on which of the MR-based and LR-based measurements is set to be performed more frequently. For example, such a relationship between reference values ​​and differences may be based on the state in any of the first to third embodiments.

[0217] Furthermore, reports based on MR and LR may be configured using the same CSI reportConfig, or they may be configured using different CSI reportConfigs.

[0218] If these are configured in the same CSI reportConfig, MR-based reports and LR-based reports may be reported on the same occasion. For example, in an L1 CSI report, MR-based reports and LR-based reports may be encoded separately, or they may be encoded using the difference value.

[0219] In other words, the circuit may be configured to report both the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal on the same transmission occasion, using either a measurement report based on the L1 LR reference signal or a measurement report based on the L3 LR reference signal.

[0220] As described above, network nodes (base stations) are also provided. The base station 660, in particular, the circuit 680, acquires settings for measurement conditions based on a predetermined reference signal, and when the measurement performed by the user equipment (UE) satisfies these conditions, the UE performs low-power operation.

[0221] In other words, the base station may determine one or more reference signals for MR operation and / or one or more reference signals for LR operation. It may also obtain settings for measurement conditions based on any of the determined reference signals.

[0222] Such conditions for measurement may include any of the pre-defined conditions and / or criteria described above for the UE.

[0223] For example, the base station may determine the UE's ability to perform low-power operations. For example, the base station may receive notification from the UE regarding the use of MR and / or LR operations. For example, the base station may receive measurement reports from the UE. Based on the received reports, the base station may determine appropriate settings and / or reference signals for MR and / or LR operations.

[0224] Furthermore, the base station sends a notification of its configuration to the UE. Such a notification may be included in the RRC configuration or in other appropriate configurations sent to the UE.

[0225] Furthermore, in an exemplary first embodiment of the base station, the base station 660, in particular the transmitting unit, may further transmit a first reference signal and a second reference signal. The first and second reference signals may be of the same type or different types. For example, the first reference signal may be an MR reference signal as defined above with respect to the UE. For example, the first reference signal may be an LR reference signal as defined above with respect to the UE. For example, the second reference signal may be a reference signal for low-power operation of the UE. In other words, the second reference signal may be an LR reference signal as defined above with respect to the UE.

[0226] Furthermore, in an exemplary second embodiment of the base station, the base station may transmit a first reference signal. The base station may also receive notifications from the UE. Such notifications may indicate an operation to be performed by the UE. In other words, the UE may report to the base station notifications indicating that low-power operation will be performed and / or notifications indicating that low-power operation will not be performed.

[0227] Based on such received notification, the transmitter may be instructed to transmit a second reference signal from the circuit. The transmitter may further transmit a second reference signal.

[0228] For example, the UE may transmit a notification of measurement results, such as the report described above, to the base station. In a second embodiment of the base station, the base station may acquire the operating mode of the UE based on the received notification. If the notification indicates that the UE is performing low-power operation, the second reference signal may be an LR reference signal. If the notification indicates that the UE is performing MR operation, the second reference signal may be an MR reference signal.

[0229] <Implementation of this disclosure through hardware and software> This disclosure can be implemented by software, by hardware, or by software working in conjunction with hardware. Each functional block used in the description of each embodiment above can be implemented in part or in whole by an LSI such as an integrated circuit, and each process described in each embodiment can be controlled in part or in whole by the same LSI or combination of LSIs. An LSI can be formed individually as a chip, or it can be formed as a single chip containing some or all of the functional blocks. An LSI can include data input / output units coupled to itself. Depending on the degree of integration, an LSI is also called an IC (integrated circuit), system LSI, super LSI, or ultra LSI. However, the technology for implementing an integrated circuit is not limited to LSIs and can be implemented using dedicated circuits, general-purpose processors, or dedicated processors. Furthermore, an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) that can be programmed after the manufacture of the LSI, or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connections and settings of circuit cells located inside the LSI can also be used. This disclosure can be implemented as digital or analog processing. If LSIs are replaced by future integrated circuit technologies as a result of advancements in semiconductor technology or other derivative technologies, functional blocks can be integrated using those future integrated circuit technologies. Biotechnology can also be applied.

[0230] This disclosure can be implemented by any type of device or system having communication capabilities (referred to as a communication device).

[0231] The communication device may include the aforementioned transmitting / receiving unit and processing / control circuit. The transmitting / receiving unit includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit, and / or can function as a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The transmitting / receiving unit as a transmitting and receiving unit may include an RF (radio frequency) module including an amplifier, an RF modulator / demodulator, etc., and one or more antennas.

[0232] Some non-exclusive examples of such communication devices include telephones (e.g., mobile phones, smartphones), tablets, personal computers (PCs) (e.g., laptops, desktops, notebooks), cameras (e.g., digital still / video cameras), digital players (digital audio / video players), wearable devices (e.g., wearable cameras, smartwatches, tracking devices), game consoles, e-readers, telemedicine / telemedicine devices, vehicles providing communication capabilities (e.g., automobiles, airplanes, ships), and various combinations thereof.

[0233] Communication devices are not limited to portable or mobile devices, but may include any type of non-portable or fixed device, device, or system, such as smart home devices (e.g., appliances, lighting, smart meters, control panels), vending machines, and any other "things" in the "Internet of Things (IoT)" network.

[0234] Communication may include steps such as exchanging data through cellular systems, wireless LAN systems, satellite systems, and various combinations thereof.

[0235] A communication device may include devices such as controllers and sensors coupled to a communication device that performs the communication functions described in this disclosure. For example, a communication device may include a controller or sensor that generates control signals or data signals used by the communication device that performs the communication functions of the communication device.

[0236] Communication equipment may further include base stations, access points, and any other devices, devices, or systems that communicate with or control infrastructure equipment, such as the devices in the non-limiting examples above.

[0237] Furthermore, various embodiments may be implemented by software modules, which are executed by a processor or directly in hardware. Combinations of software modules and hardware implementations are also possible. The software modules can be stored in any type of computer-readable storage medium. In particular, other implementations provide non-temporary computer-readable recording media. When executed by one or more processors, the recording media stores a program that causes one or more processors to perform the steps of the method according to this disclosure.

[0238] By way of non-limiting example, such computer-readable storage media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection can, if appropriate, be termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the instructions are transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the medium. However, it should be understood that computer-readable storage media and data storage media do not include connections, carrier waves, signals, or other transient media, but instead are directed to non-transient tangible storage media. As used herein, disks include compact disks (CDs), laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks, disks typically magnetically reproduce data while optical disks optically reproduce data with a laser. The above combinations should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0239] Furthermore, it should be noted that the individual features of a plurality of different embodiments can be the subject of another embodiment, individually or in any combination. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and / or modifications can be made to the present disclosure shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the general concept or scope of the invention as broadly described. Accordingly, the embodiments shown herein are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive of the invention.

[0240] <Further aspect> According to a first aspect, a user equipment (UE) is provided. The UE includes a receiving unit and a circuit. The receiving unit receives a reference signal during operation. The circuit executes a first measurement based on the reference signal during operation, determines whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition, and executes a low-power operation when the preset condition is satisfied.

[0241] According to a second aspect provided in addition to the first aspect, when the preset condition is satisfied, the circuit further determines, during operation, to maintain the low-power operation or transition to the low-power operation before executing the low-power operation, and when executing the low-power operation, the circuit further executes a second measurement based on a low-power radio (LR) reference signal during operation. [[ID=�]]

[0242] According to a third aspect provided in addition to either the first or the second aspect, when the UE executes the low-power operation, the reception of the reference signal includes the reception of the low-power radio (LR) reference signal, and when the UE does not execute the low-power operation, the reception of the reference signal includes the reception of a main radio (MR) reference signal.

[0243] According to a fourth aspect provided in addition to any one of the first to third aspects, when determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the preset condition, the circuit · Static criteria based on the determination of the mobility of the UE, · Non-cell-edge criteria based on the determination of whether the UE is at the edge of a cell, · When the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell performed in the low-power operation, the measured value of the serving cell is greater than a first predetermined threshold, · When the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell not performed in the low-power operation, the measured value of the serving cell is greater than a second predetermined threshold, • If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell performed in the low-power operation, the difference between the measured value of the serving cell and the measured value of an adjacent cell is greater than a third predetermined threshold, and If the first measurement is performed during the low-power operation, the difference between the measurement and a measurement not performed during the low-power operation is less than a fourth predetermined threshold. Determine whether one or more of the following conditions are met.

[0244] According to a fifth embodiment provided in addition to any one of the second to fourth embodiments, if the pre-configured conditions are met, the transition to low-power operation is a transition from primary radio operation to low-power operation, the primary radio operation includes performing a measurement based on the MR reference signal.

[0245] According to a sixth aspect provided in addition to the fifth aspect, the circuit further includes, during operation, transitioning to the main radio operation if a pre-set condition for transitioning to the main radio operation is met with respect to the measurement based on the LR reference signal, the main radio operation performing a measurement based on the MR reference signal in a first cycle.

[0246] According to a seventh embodiment provided in addition to the fifth embodiment, the circuit further includes, when operating, performing the low-power operation, performing a measurement based on the LR reference signal in a second cycle, performing a measurement based on the MR reference signal in a third cycle, and transitioning to the main radio operation if a first preset condition for transitioning to the main radio operation is met with respect to the measurement based on the LR reference signal, or if a second preset condition for transitioning to the main radio operation is met with respect to the measurement based on the MR reference signal, the main radio operation performing a measurement based on the MR reference signal in a fourth cycle.

[0247] According to an eighth aspect provided in addition to either the sixth or seventh aspect, the pre-setting conditions for transitioning to the main radio operation include the first pre-setting condition for transitioning to the main radio operation and the second pre-setting condition for transitioning to the main radio operation, ·Non-static standards, • Based on the cell edge, • The serving cell measurement is below the fifth default threshold, and • The difference between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal is greater than the sixth default threshold. • The difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of the adjacent cell is less than the seventh default threshold. Includes one or more of the following.

[0248] According to a ninth embodiment provided in addition to any one of the second to fourth embodiments, the circuit further transitions from intermediate operation to low-power operation when an intermediate condition is met, which is a first preset condition for transitioning to low-power operation. If the second pre-configuration condition for transitioning to the intermediate operation is met, the system transitions from the main wireless operation to the intermediate operation. The intermediate operation includes at least performing a measurement based on the LR reference signal and performing a measurement based on the MR reference signal, The aforementioned main radio operation includes performing measurements based on the MR reference signal, The second pre-configuration condition is: ·Static standards, • Based on non-cell edges, • The measurement based on the MR reference signal is greater than the 8th default threshold. • The difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of the adjacent cell is greater than the 9th default threshold, and The difference between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal is less than the 10th predetermined threshold. Includes one or more of the following.

[0249] According to a tenth aspect provided in addition to the ninth aspect, the circuit further transitions from the intermediate operation to the main radio operation when a third preset condition is met during operation, and transitions from the low-power operation to the intermediate operation when a fourth preset condition is met, the third preset condition is ·Non-static standards, • Based on the cell edge, · The measured value based on the MR reference signal is less than the 11th predetermined threshold value. · The difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of the adjacent cell is less than the 12th predetermined threshold value, and · The difference between the measurement based on the MR reference signal and the measurement based on the LR reference signal is greater than the 13th predetermined threshold value, including one or more of them. The fourth preset condition is · Non-static reference, · Cell-edge reference, · The measured value based on the LR reference signal is less than the 14th predetermined threshold value. · The difference between the measurement of the serving cell and the measurement of the adjacent cell is less than the 15th predetermined threshold value, and · The difference between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal is less than the 16th predetermined threshold value. Including one or more of them.

[0250] According to the 11th aspect provided in addition to any one of the 9th to 10th aspects, in the intermediate operation, the measurement based on the MR reference signal is executed less frequently than the measurement based on the MR reference signal in the main radio operation.

[0251] According to the 12th aspect provided in addition to any one of the 1st to 11th aspects, the LR reference signal is · Low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS), and · Low-power synchronization signal (LP-SS), Including at least one or more of them, and / or The MR reference signal is <000,0977>· Synchronization signal block (SSB), and [[ID=,37]] · Channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), Including at least one or more of them.

[0252] According to a thirteenth embodiment provided in addition to any one of the fourth to twelfth embodiments, when determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the preset condition, the circuit further determines, during operation, whether a preset time has elapsed since the previous transition, and / or whether the preset condition further includes adding an offset to an arbitrary default threshold.

[0253] According to a 14th embodiment provided in addition to any one of the first to 13 embodiments, when the UE is in RRC connect mode, the circuit further receives, during operation, a setting for a measurement target from a base station, the measurement target including SSB and / or CSI-RS resource settings and LP-WUS and / or LP-SS resource settings, or the setting includes a first measurement target and a second measurement target, the first measurement target including SSB and / or CSI-RS resource settings and the second measurement target including LP-WUS and / or LP-SS resource settings.

[0254] According to a 15th embodiment provided in addition to any one of the first to 14th embodiments, when the UE is in RRC connect mode, the circuit further includes, during operation, a report based on the results of measurements based on one or more of the MR reference signals or the LR reference signals, and the UE further includes a transmitter that transmits the report to a base station during operation.

[0255] According to a 16th embodiment provided in addition to either the 14th or 15th embodiment, the circuit further receives, during operation, a reporting setting indicating a reference signal to report to a base station, the reference signal being included in at least one measurement target.

[0256] According to the 17th aspect provided in addition to any one of the 14th to 16th aspects, the report is an event-triggered report, Static criteria based on the determination of the mobility of the aforementioned UE, - Non-cell edge criterion based on whether or not the UE is at the edge of the cell. If the first measurement is a measurement of the serving cell performed in the low-power operation, and the measured value of the serving cell is greater than the first default threshold, If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell that is not performed in the low-power operation, then the measured value of the serving cell is greater than the second default threshold. • If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell performed in the low-power operation, the difference between the measured value of the serving cell and the measured value of an adjacent cell is greater than a third predetermined threshold, and If the first measurement is performed in low-power operation, the difference between the measurement and a measurement not performed in low-power operation is less than a fourth predetermined threshold. It is triggered if one or more of the following conditions are met.

[0257] According to an 18th aspect provided in addition to any one of the 15th to 17th aspects, the circuit is configured to perform, during operation, measurement reports based on a Layer 1 (L1) LR reference signal or measurement reports based on a Layer 3 (L3) LR reference signal, which are either irregular reports, semi-regular reports, or regular reports.

[0258] According to a 19th aspect provided in addition to the 18th aspect, either the measurement report based on the L1 LR reference signal or the measurement report based on the L3 LR reference signal includes a difference report between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal.

[0259] According to a 20th embodiment provided in addition to any one of the 16th to 19th embodiments, the circuit is configured to report, during operation, a measurement based on an LR reference signal and a measurement based on an MR reference signal in the same transmission opportunity.

[0260] According to the 21st aspect, a network node is provided. The network node comprises a transmitter and a circuit. When operating, the circuit acquires settings relating to conditions for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal, and if the measurement performed by user equipment (UE) satisfies the conditions, the UE performs low-power operation. When operating, the transmitter transmits a notification of the settings to the UE.

[0261] According to a 22nd aspect provided in addition to the 21st aspect, the transmitter further transmits a first reference signal and a second reference signal during operation, the second reference signal being a reference signal for the low-power operation of the UE.

[0262] According to a 23rd aspect provided in addition to the 21st aspect, the transmitting unit further transmits a first reference signal when in operation, the network node further comprises a receiving unit that, when in operation, receives a notification from the UE indicating an operation to be performed by the UE, the circuit further, when in operation, acquires the notification and, based on the received notification, acquires an instruction for the transmitting unit to transmit a second reference signal, and the transmitting unit further transmits the second reference signal when in operation.

[0263] According to a 24th aspect provided in addition to the 23rd aspect, the notice indicates that the UE is performing low-power operation and the second reference signal is a low-power radio (LR) reference signal, or the notice indicates that the UE is not performing low-power operation and the transmission of the second reference signal includes the transmission of a main radio (MR) reference signal.

[0264] According to the 25th aspect, a method for user equipment (UE) is provided. The method includes the steps of: receiving a reference signal; performing a first measurement based on the reference signal; determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies a preset condition; and, if the preset condition is satisfied, performing a low-power operation.

[0265] According to the 26th aspect, a method for a network node is provided. The method includes the step of obtaining a setting relating to conditions for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal, the UE performing a low-power operation if the measurement performed by user equipment (UE) satisfies the conditions, and the method further includes the step of sending a notification of the setting to the UE.

[0266] According to the 27th aspect, an integrated circuit is provided, the integrated circuit being an integrated circuit that controls the processing of a user device during operation, the processing being performed by the user device. • The step of receiving a reference signal, The steps include: performing a first measurement based on the aforementioned reference signal; The step of determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the pre-set conditions, The procedure includes the step of performing low-power operation if the aforementioned pre-configured conditions are met.

[0267] According to the 28th aspect, an integrated circuit is provided, the integrated circuit being an integrated circuit that controls the processing of a network node during operation, the processing being performed by the network node. The step includes obtaining settings related to the conditions for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal, If the measurement performed by the user equipment (UE) satisfies the conditions, the UE will perform low-power operation. The aforementioned process further, The step includes sending a notification of the above settings to the UE.

[0268] According to the 29th aspect, the program is a program stored in a storage medium, which is executed on one or more processors of a user device, so that the one or more processors • The step of receiving a reference signal, The steps include: performing a first measurement based on the aforementioned reference signal; The step of determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the pre-set conditions, The method includes a step of performing low-power operation if the aforementioned pre-configured conditions are met, and a code instruction for performing the above.

[0269] According to the 30th aspect, the program is a program stored in a storage medium, which is executed on one or more processors of a network node, so that the one or more processors • Includes a code instruction that causes a step to be performed to obtain settings relating to the conditions for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal, If the measurement performed by the user equipment (UE) satisfies the conditions, the UE will perform low-power operation. moreover, • Includes a code instruction to cause the user to perform the step of sending a notification of the above setting to the UE.

Claims

1. A receiving unit that receives a reference signal, Based on the aforementioned reference signal, a first measurement is performed. Determine whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the pre-set conditions. The system includes a circuit that performs low-power operation when the aforementioned pre-set conditions are met. User equipment (UE).

2. If the aforementioned pre-set conditions are met, the circuit further performs the low-power operation before: It is decided to maintain the aforementioned low-power operation, or The system then switches to the aforementioned low-power operation. When performing low-power operation, the circuit further performs a second measurement based on a low-power radio (LR) reference signal. The UE according to claim 1.

3. When the UE performs the low-power operation, the reception of the reference signal includes the reception of a low-power radio (LR) reference signal. If the UE does not perform the low-power operation, the reception of the reference signal includes the reception of the main radio (MR) reference signal. The UE according to claim 1.

4. When determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the pre-set conditions, the circuit: - Static criteria based on the determination of the mobility of the aforementioned UE, - Non-cell edge criteria based on whether the UE is at the edge of the cell. - If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell performed in the low-power operation, and the measured value of the serving cell is greater than the first predetermined threshold, - If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell that is not performed in the low-power operation, then the measured value of the serving cell is greater than the second predetermined threshold. - If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell performed in the low-power operation, the difference between the measured value of the serving cell and the measured value of an adjacent cell is greater than a third predetermined threshold, and - If the first measurement is performed during the low-power operation, the difference between the measurement and a measurement not performed during the low-power operation is less than a fourth predetermined threshold. Determine whether one or more of the following conditions are met. The UE according to claim 1.

5. When the aforementioned pre-configured conditions are met, the transition to low-power operation is a transition from primary radio operation to low-power operation. The aforementioned main radio operation includes performing measurements based on the MR reference signal. The UE according to claim 2.

6. The circuit further transitions to the main radio operation when the pre-set conditions for transitioning to the main radio operation are met with respect to the measurement based on the LR reference signal. The aforementioned main radio operation includes performing a measurement based on an MR reference signal in a first cycle. The UE according to claim 5.

7. The circuit further performs, during the low-power operation, a measurement based on the LR reference signal in the second cycle and a measurement based on the MR reference signal in the third cycle. If the first pre-setting condition for transitioning to the main radio operation is met with respect to the measurement based on the LR reference signal, or if the second pre-setting condition for transitioning to the main radio operation is met with respect to the measurement based on the MR reference signal, the system will transition to the main radio operation. The aforementioned main radio operation includes performing a measurement based on the MR reference signal in a fourth cycle. The UE according to claim 5.

8. The pre-setting conditions for transitioning to the main radio operation, including a first pre-setting condition for transitioning to the main radio operation and a second pre-setting condition for transitioning to the main radio operation, ・Non-static criteria, Based on the cell edge, - The serving cell measurement is below the fifth default threshold, and, - The difference between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal is greater than the sixth predetermined threshold. Including one or more of the following: The UE according to claim 6.

9. The circuit further includes a first preset condition for transitioning to the low-power operation, which, when the preset condition is met, transitions from intermediate operation to the low-power operation. If the second pre-configuration condition for transitioning to the intermediate operation is met, the system transitions from the main wireless operation to the intermediate operation. The aforementioned intermediate operation includes at least performing a measurement based on an LR reference signal and performing a measurement based on an MR reference signal. The main radio operation includes performing a measurement based on the MR reference signal, The second preset condition includes the fact that the measured value based on the MR reference signal is higher than the seventh default threshold. The UE according to claim 2.

10. The circuit further transitions from the intermediate operation to the main wireless operation when a third pre-set condition is met. If the fourth pre-configured condition is met, the system transitions from the low-power operation to the intermediate operation. The third pre-setting condition is, - The measured value based on the MR reference signal is less than the eighth predetermined threshold, and - The difference between the measurement based on the MR reference signal and the measurement based on the LR reference signal is greater than the ninth predetermined threshold, including one or more of the above. The fourth preset condition includes that the measured value based on the LR reference signal is less than a tenth predetermined threshold, The UE as described in claim 9.

11. In the aforementioned intermediate operation, the measurement based on the MR reference signal is performed at a lower frequency than the measurement based on the MR reference signal in the aforementioned main radio operation. The UE as described in claim 9.

12. The LR reference signal is, - Low power wake-up signal (LP-WUS), and, ・Low power synchronization signal (LP-SS), It includes at least one of the following, and / or The MR reference signal is, - Synchronization signal block (SSB), and • Channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) Including at least one of the following: The UE according to claim 1.

13. When determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the pre-set conditions, the circuit further: Whether or not a predetermined amount of time has elapsed since the last transition, and / or, Whether the aforementioned pre-configured conditions further include adding an offset to an arbitrary default threshold, To determine The UE according to claim 4.

14. When the UE is in RRC connect mode, the circuit further: Receive settings for the measurement target from the base station. The object to be measured is, - SSB and / or CSI-RS resource configuration, and, - Including resource settings for LP-WUS and / or LP-SS, Or, The above setting includes a first measurement target and a second measurement target, the first measurement target includes resource settings for SSB and / or CSI-RS, and the second measurement target includes resource settings for LP-WUS and / or LP-SS. The UE according to claim 1.

15. When the UE is in RRC connect mode, the circuit further obtains a report based on the results of measurements based on one or more MR reference signals or LR reference signals. The aforementioned UE further includes a transmitting unit that transmits the report to a base station. The UE according to claim 1.

16. The circuit further receives a report setting indicating a reference signal to report to the base station, The aforementioned reference signal is included in at least one of the objects being measured. The UE according to claim 14.

17. The report is an event-triggered report, - Static criteria based on the determination of the mobility of the aforementioned UE, - Non-cell edge criteria based on whether the UE is at the edge of the cell. - If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell performed in the low-power operation, and the measured value of the serving cell is greater than the first predetermined threshold, - If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell that is not performed in the low-power operation, then the measured value of the serving cell is greater than the second predetermined threshold. - If the first measurement is a measurement of a serving cell performed in the low-power operation, the difference between the measured value of the serving cell and the measured value of an adjacent cell is greater than a third predetermined threshold, and - If the first measurement is performed in low-power operation, the difference between the measurement and a measurement not performed in low-power operation is less than a fourth predetermined threshold. Triggered when one or more of the following conditions are met: The UE according to claim 14.

18. The circuit is configured to perform measurement reports based on a Layer 1 (L1) LR reference signal or a Layer 3 (L3) LR reference signal, which are either irregular reports, semi-regular reports, or regular reports. The UE according to claim 15.

19. Either the measurement report based on the L1 LR reference signal or the measurement report based on the L3 LR reference signal includes a difference report between the measurement based on the LR reference signal and the measurement based on the MR reference signal. The UE according to claim 18.

20. The circuit is configured to report measurements based on the LR reference signal and measurements based on the MR reference signal during the same transmission opportunity. The UE according to claim 16.

21. If the measurement performed by user equipment (UE) for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal satisfies the conditions, the UE has a circuit that acquires settings related to the conditions for performing low-power operation, The system comprises a transmission unit that transmits a notification of the above setting to the UE, Network node.

22. A method for user equipment (UE), The steps include receiving a reference signal and The steps include: performing a first measurement based on the aforementioned reference signal; A step of determining whether the result of the first measurement satisfies the pre-set conditions, The steps include: performing low-power operation if the aforementioned pre-set conditions are met, method.

23. A method for network nodes, The step includes obtaining settings relating to the conditions for measurement based on a predetermined reference signal, If the measurement performed by the user equipment (UE) satisfies the conditions, the UE performs low-power operation. The above method further, The step of sending a notification of the above setting to the UE, method.

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