Toothed index plate

Abstract

To provide a toothed index plate for a milling machine. [Solution] The toothed index plate includes a base 1, a spindle mechanism 2, a work table 3, a clutch gear mechanism 4, and a drive mechanism 5. The base has a mounting portion, and an installation space 12 is provided above the mounting portion. The spindle mechanism is installed in the installation space and driven to rotate by the drive structure. The work table is assembled to the spindle mechanism. The clutch gear mechanism is covered by the spindle mechanism and includes an upper clutch gear 41, a first lower clutch gear 42, and a second lower clutch gear 43. The first lower clutch gear is fixed to the mounting portion, and the second lower clutch gear is provided around the periphery of the first lower clutch gear and fixed to the spindle mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to index plates, and more particularly to toothed index plates.

Background Art

[0002] Index plates are one of the important accessories of milling machines and are widely applied to CNC machine tools, grinding machines, and various special-purpose machines. For milling various gears, polygons, splines, etc., index plates are used to determine angles and the cutting force is changed according to the workpiece material and the structure of the milling process.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] Conventional index plates rotate to brake the drive motor of the drive mechanism to limit the rotation of the index plate, and then perform milling on the workpiece. However, in heavy cutting, since the force applied to the workpiece is large, simply braking the drive motor is insufficient to fix the rotation position of the index plate, and the position of the index plate shifts during cutting, affecting the cutting accuracy.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and solving the above problems is taken as an example of the problems. That is, the main object of the present invention is to provide a toothed index plate. That is, in the present invention, the upper clutch gear of the clutch gear mechanism meshes with the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear along the direction of gravity, and assists in placing the clutch mechanism on the placement portion, enhancing the stability of positioning by meshing, preventing the cutting position of the index plate from rotating and shifting due to the action of the cutting force during gravity cutting, and reducing the probability of tolerances occurring in the clutch gear mechanism after long-term use.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] To achieve the above object, a toothed index plate according to an aspect of the present invention includes a pedestal having a placement portion, and above the placement portion, a mounting space extending along the axial direction is provided; and a spindle mechanism coaxially installed in the mounting space, including a spindle and a spindle base coaxially covering the peripheral portion of the spindle. The spindle has a shaft, and a shaft head is coaxially installed at one end different from the placement portion of the shaft, and the outer diameter of the shaft head is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft; a workbench assembled to the spindle mechanism and used for placing a workpiece; a clutch gear mechanism coaxially covering the shaft between the shaft head and the placement portion, including an upper clutch gear, a first lower clutch gear, and a second lower clutch gear. The first lower clutch gear is fixed to the placement portion, the second lower clutch gear is provided around the peripheral portion of the first lower clutch gear and locked to the bottom of the spindle base, and the upper clutch gear is installed above the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear so as to move up and down along the shaft; and a drive mechanism connected to the spindle mechanism in a transmissible manner and used for driving the spindle mechanism to rotate. The upper clutch gear selectively moves upward along the shaft so as to be separated from the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear. When the spindle mechanism is in the first processing state, it is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism, and the workbench rotates simultaneously during processing. The upper clutch gear selectively moves downward along the shaft so as to mesh with the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear, and biases a force toward the placement portion on the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear. When the spindle mechanism is in the second processing state, it cannot be driven to rotate by the drive mechanism, and the workbench is in a fixed state during processing.

[0006] Other objects, configurations, and effects of the present invention will become apparent from the following sections on the embodiments of the invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0008] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0009] First, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the toothed index plate according to the present invention will be specifically described.

[0010] The toothed index plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a pedestal 1, a spindle mechanism 2, a workbench 3, a clutch gear mechanism 4, and a drive mechanism 5.

[0011] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pedestal 1 has a placement portion 11, and above the placement portion 11, an attachment space 12 extending along the axial direction is provided. The spindle mechanism 2 is coaxially installed in the attachment space 12. The spindle mechanism 2 includes a spindle 21 and a spindle base 22 coaxially covering the peripheral portion of the spindle 21. The workbench 3 is locked to one end different from the placement portion 11 of the spindle 21 and the spindle base 22, and is coupled to the spindle mechanism 2 so as to place a workpiece. When the spindle mechanism 2 is driven by the drive mechanism 5, the workbench 3 is driven to rotate together. In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 5 includes a worm 51 and a worm wheel 52 that mates with the worm 51. The worm wheel 52 is installed on the peripheral portion of the spindle base 22. The worm 51 is driven to rotate by a motor 53 and meshes with the worm wheel 52, and the spindle mechanism 2 drives the workbench 3 to rotate together. The worm 51 is preferably a two-stage worm, and is adjusted to reduce backlash with the worm wheel 52 (see FIG. 3). In other possible implementations, the drive mechanism 5 is a roller cam mechanism, but it may also be a direct drive mechanism that directly supplies power by a direct drive motor.

[0012] The spindle 21 has a shaft 211, and a shaft head 212 is coaxially installed at one end of the shaft 211 different from the placement portion 11. The clutch gear mechanism 4 is coaxially covered on the shaft 211 between the shaft head 212 and the placement portion 11, and includes an upper clutch gear 41, a first lower clutch gear 42, and a second lower clutch gear 43. The first lower clutch gear 42 is locked to the placement portion 11, and a plurality of first lower meshing gears 421 are arranged at intervals on the top of the first lower clutch gear 42 in an annular shape, and the first lower meshing gears 421 are adjacent to the peripheral edge of the first lower clutch gear 42. The second lower clutch gear 43 is provided around the peripheral edge of the first lower clutch gear 42 and is locked to the bottom of the spindle base 22. The top of the second lower clutch gear 43 has a plurality of second lower meshing gears 431 arranged at intervals in an annular shape, and these second lower meshing gears 431 are adjacent to the inner circumference of the second lower clutch gear 43 and are also adjacent to these first lower meshing gears 421. The bottom of the upper clutch gear 41 has a plurality of upper meshing gears 411 arranged at intervals in an annular shape. The upper clutch gear 41 selectively moves downward so as to approach the first lower clutch gear 42 and the second lower clutch gear 43, and the upper meshing gears 411 mesh with the first lower meshing gears 421 and the second lower meshing gears 431. Alternatively, it selectively moves upward so as to be separated from the first lower clutch gear 42 and the second lower clutch gear 43, and the upper meshing gears 411 are separated from the first lower meshing gears 421 and the second lower meshing gears 431.

[0013] More specifically, on one side of the shaft head 212 adjacent to the shaft 211, a stepped portion 213 is formed by retracting inward along the radial direction. The length of the outer diameter of the stepped portion 213 is longer than the outer diameter of the shaft 211 but shorter than the outer diameter of the shaft head 212. The upper clutch gear 41 has a convex portion 412 protruding toward the shaft along the radial direction so as to correspond to the lower part of the stepped portion 213. An oil passage space 44 is formed between the stepped portion 213 and the convex portion 412. The oil passage space 44 is connected to an external device (not shown), and the external device is a hydraulic device. A reset space 45 is formed between the convex portion 412 and the first lower clutch gear 42. A plurality of assembly grooves 46 are recessed in the bottom of the convex portion 412 toward the first lower clutch gear 42. A plurality of reset springs 47 are inserted such that one end thereof corresponds to each assembly groove 46, and the other end abuts against the top of the first lower clutch gear 42 and is further fixed in the reset space 45. Incidentally, the volume of the oil passage space 44 is smaller than that of the reset space 45. Compared with the conventional toothed index plate, only a small amount of hydraulic oil needs to be injected into the oil passage space to push the upper clutch gear 41 downward. When the hydraulic device releases the pressure, the reset spring 47 generates an elastic restoring force to push the upper clutch gear 41 upward, and the hydraulic oil is discharged from the oil passage space 44. Compared with the conventional toothed index plate, it is not necessary to inject hydraulic oil to push for resetting, and high-speed switching of the processing state of the spindle mechanism 2 is realized.

[0014] When the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic device (not shown) does not enter the oil passage space 44, the upper clutch gear 41 is pushed by these reset springs 47 and separated from the first lower clutch gear 42 and the second lower clutch gear 43. When the spindle mechanism 2 is in the first processing state, the workbench 3 rotates simultaneously during processing, and the drive mechanism 5 brakes the workbench 3. This is applicable to simultaneous processing and high-precision processing.

[0015] When the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic device (not shown) enters the oil passage space 44, the upper clutch gear 41 is pushed downward so as to compress the reset spring 47 in the reset space 45, and the upper clutch gear 41 continuously applies an acting force toward the mounting portion 11 to the first lower clutch gear 42 and the second lower clutch gear 43. The upper meshing gear 411 of the upper clutch gear 41 tightly meshes with the first lower meshing gear 421 of the first lower clutch gear 42 and the second lower meshing gear 431 of the second lower clutch gear 43, and the spindle mechanism 2 enters the second processing state and cannot be driven to rotate by the drive mechanism 5, and the workbench 3 is in a completely fixed state during processing. This is applied to heavy cutting that requires strong braking force.

[0016] More specifically, the first lower clutch gear 42 is locked to the mounting portion 11 by a screw element 13 penetrating from the mounting portion 11 toward the shaft head 212, and the locking direction of the screw element 13 is opposite to the direction in which the first lower clutch gear 42 and the second lower clutch gear 43 receive force. When the upper clutch gear 41 moves downward, the mounting portion 11 receives the pressure urged by the upper clutch gear 41 and resists the locking force of the screw element 13, stabilizing the overall structure of the present invention and making it difficult to generate tolerances even after long-term use.

[0017] Summarizing the above, the toothed index plate according to the present invention has the following effects. First, the fixing method of the workbench can be switched to meet different processing requirements. In the present invention, the clutch gear structure is selectively separated from the spindle mechanism, so that the spindle mechanism enters the first processing state and is driven by the driving mechanism, so that the workbench is driven to rotate simultaneously during processing, meeting the requirements of simultaneous processing or high processing accuracy. Or, by selectively meshing with the spindle mechanism, the spindle mechanism enters the second processing state and cannot be driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, and the processing table is in a fixed state during processing, meeting the demand for heavy cutting processing that requires strong braking force. Second, the braking effect of meshing is high, meeting the requirements of processing accuracy. In the clutch gear mechanism according to the present invention, the upper clutch gear is pushed by hydraulic oil and meshes with the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear downward, so that the spindle mechanism is braked. In addition, since the direction of the pushing force received by the upper clutch gear is the same as the direction of gravity, the braking effect of meshing is enhanced, assisting in braking the driving mechanism and making it difficult for the workbench to shift during heavy cutting, thus meeting the requirements of processing accuracy. Third, even after long-term use, it is difficult for the structure to have tolerances. The pedestal according to the present invention places the clutch mechanism on the placement part, on the one hand, providing support for the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear that receive pressure, and on the other hand, locking the first lower clutch gear to the placement part by a screw element to limit the mounting positions of the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear, making it difficult for the structure to have tolerances even after long-term use. Fourth, the structure is optimized to improve the switching efficiency of the fixing method of the workbench. In the present invention, an oil passage space is formed between the upper clutch gear and the shaft head, a reset space is formed between the upper clutch gear and the first lower clutch gear, and a reset spring for performing elastic reset is provided inside the reset space. By replacing the reset by injecting hydraulic oil, the amount of hydraulic oil used is reduced while the reset efficiency is improved.

[0018] As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes and the like within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention are also included.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0019] 1 pedestal 11 placement part 12 mounting space 13 screw element 2 spindle mechanism 21 spindle 211 shaft 212 shaft head 213 stepped portion 22 spindle base 3 workbench 4 clutch gear mechanism 41 upper clutch gear 411 upper meshing gear 412 convex portion 42 first lower clutch gear 421 first lower meshing gear 43 second lower clutch gear 431 second lower meshing gear 44 oil passage space 45 reset space 46 assembly groove 47 reset spring 5 drive mechanism 51 worm 52 worm wheel 53 motor

Claims

1. a base having a mounting portion and an attachment space extending in an axial direction above the mounting portion; a spindle mechanism including a spindle and a spindle base coaxially disposed within the mounting space, the spindle having a shaft, a shaft head being coaxially disposed at one end of the shaft different from the mounting portion, and an outer diameter of the shaft head being larger than an outer diameter of the shaft; a work table assembled to the spindle mechanism and used for placing a workpiece; a clutch gear mechanism that is coaxially mounted on a shaft between the shaft head and the mounting portion, the clutch gear mechanism including an upper clutch gear, a first lower clutch gear, and a second lower clutch gear, the first lower clutch gear being fixed to the mounting portion, the second lower clutch gear being mounted on the periphery of the first lower clutch gear and being locked to the bottom of the spindle base, the upper clutch gear being mounted above the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear so as to move up and down along the shaft; a drive mechanism operably coupled to the spindle mechanism for driving the spindle mechanism to rotate; the upper clutch gear selectively moves upward along the shaft so as to be separated from the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear, and when the spindle mechanism is in a first machining state, is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism, and the work table rotates simultaneously during machining; the upper clutch gear selectively moves downward along the shaft so as to mesh with the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear, and exerts a force toward the placement portion on the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear, and when the spindle mechanism is in a second machining state, is unable to be driven to rotate by the drive mechanism, and the work table is in a fixed state during machining.

2. 2. The toothed index plate according to claim 1, wherein the drive mechanism includes a worm and a worm wheel that fits the worm, the worm wheel is fitted around the periphery of the spindle base, the worm is driven to rotate by a motor to mesh with the worm wheel, and the spindle base drives the spindle to rotate together.

3. 2. The toothed indexing plate of claim 1, wherein said drive mechanism is a roller cam mechanism.

4. 2. The toothed indexing plate of claim 1, wherein said drive mechanism is a direct drive motor mechanism.

5. 2. The toothed index plate according to claim 1, wherein the shaft head has a step portion formed by one side adjacent to the shaft being recessed inward in a radial direction, an outer diameter of the step portion being longer than an outer diameter of the shaft and shorter than an outer diameter of the shaft head, the upper clutch gear has a protrusion protruding toward the shaft in a radial direction, an oil passage space is formed between the protrusion and the step portion, a reset space is formed between the upper clutch gear and the first lower clutch gear, the oil passage space is connected to an external device, and a plurality of reset springs are installed in the reset space.

6. 6. The toothed index plate according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of assembly grooves are recessed in a bottom of the protrusion, the assembly grooves being oriented toward the first lower clutch gear, and each of the reset springs is fixed in the reset space by inserting one end of the reset spring into the assembly groove and abutting the other end of the reset spring against a top of the first lower clutch gear.

7. 6. The toothed index plate according to claim 5, wherein the volume of the oil passage space is smaller than the volume of the reset space.

8. 2. The toothed index plate according to claim 1, wherein the first lower clutch gear is locked to the mounting portion by a screw element penetrating from the mounting portion toward the shaft head, and the locking direction of the screw element is opposite to the direction in which the first lower clutch gear and the second lower clutch gear receive force.

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