Indoor lighting circuit dedicated to rail transit vehicle models

Abstract

Provide an indoor lighting circuit dedicated to a rail transit vehicle model. 【Solution means】It includes a power supply module, a charging module, a discharging module, a dimming IC control module, and a light body connected in sequence. A hall sensor and a reed switch are connected to the dimming IC control module. The output end of the hall sensor is connected to the input pin of the dimming IC control module. The reed switch, as a magnetic control switch, is connected in series between the input pin and the ground of the dimming IC control module. The dimming IC control module is further connected with a photosensitive resistor for detecting changes in external light irradiation. A voltage dividing circuit is formed by the photosensitive resistor and a fixed resistor, and the output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ADC input pin of the dimming IC control module. A multilayer ceramic capacitor is connected to the charging module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of in-vehicle lighting, and in particular, to an in-vehicle lighting circuit dedicated to a rail transit vehicle model.

Background Art

[0002] As the technology of rail transit models is gradually improved, the design of the composition of rail transit vehicle models is also gradually changing from having only the shape of the outer appearance to having a true structure inside. For many, technologies that can reduce to a certain proportion up to a true rail transit vehicle have already been developed. However, since rail transit models generally do not have lights inside the vehicle, the scenes of using rail transit vehicles during the day or at night cannot be fully reproduced. Therefore, in a rail transit vehicle model, by designing a lighting system inside the vehicle, the effect of illuminating the inside of the vehicle with light both during the day and at night can be imitated to enhance the fidelity of the rail transit vehicle model.

[0003] Conventional rail transit vehicle models do not have a function to suppress glitter on the parts that irradiate light inside the vehicle. Therefore, when the model is in operation, as the wear between the wheels and the track and the wear between the copper pieces and the wheels progress, the conductivity performance becomes unstable, a problem of glitter occurs, and the fidelity is affected. In addition, conventional rail transit vehicle models do not have a control or adjustment function for the parts that irradiate light inside the vehicle. Therefore, only the function of turning on the commonly seen lights can be realized, and automatic control such as brightness adjustment cannot be performed.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide an in-vehicle lighting circuit dedicated to a rail transit vehicle model in order to solve the problems existing in the parts that irradiate light inside the vehicle in a conventional rail transit vehicle model.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0006] The present invention includes a power supply module, a charging module, a discharging module, a dimming IC control module, and a light body connected in sequence. A hall sensor and a reed switch are connected to the dimming IC control module. The output end of the hall sensor is connected to the input pin of the dimming IC control module. The reed switch is connected in series between the input pin of the dimming IC control module and the ground as a magnetic control switch. The dimming IC control module is further connected with a photosensitive resistor for detecting the change of external light irradiation. A voltage dividing circuit is formed by the photosensitive resistor and a fixed resistor. The output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ADC input pin of the dimming IC control module. A multilayer ceramic capacitor is connected to the charging module. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to a rail transit vehicle model is provided.

[0007] In some embodiments, fuses are connected to the circuits between each module.

[0008] In some embodiments, an electric double layer capacitor is connected to the charging module.

[0009] In some embodiments, a plurality of interfaces for outputting power are installed in the discharging module.

[0010] In some embodiments, the light body includes a plurality of electric resistance lights connected in series, and a current limiting resistor is connected in series to each electric resistance light.

[0011] In some embodiments, a pull-up resistor is connected to the hall sensor.

[0012] In some embodiments, a protective electrical resistor is connected in series to the reed switch.

[0013] In some embodiments, the dimming IC control module includes a BP1601C or ROHM BD18351EFV-M chip.

[0014] It should be further noted that corresponding technical features in each of the above embodiments can be combined with each other or equivalently replaced to obtain a new technical solution.

Advantages of the Invention

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0016] First, the lighting circuit according to the present invention realizes rectification and energy storage by connecting a multilayer ceramic capacitor to the charging module, and can prevent glare when the vehicle is running. In addition, when the dimming IC control module receives the hall signal and the signal of the reed switch, it performs identification and corresponding operations, thereby realizing multiple functions such as opening / closing, flashing, dimming, and brightness adjustment on the light body, and controlling the light. When the dimming IC control module receives the signal of the photosensitive electrical resistor, it identifies the resistance value of the photosensitive electrical resistor and performs corresponding operations, thereby realizing functions such as brightness and mode switching in the vehicle in response to external light irradiation, and achieving the effect of controlling the light irradiation to be self-adaptive.

[0017] Second, in some embodiments, a fuse is connected to the circuit between each module. Therefore, in case of a short circuit, overvoltage, or excessive current, it can be immediately cut off to ensure the safety of the light body and the rail transit vehicle model.

[0018] Thirdly, in some embodiments, since an electric double layer capacitor is connected to the charging module, providing the electric double layer capacitor can provide a much larger capacitance compared to the commonly seen capacitance, and can still stably provide brightness and other functions even when the vehicle leaves the track or the track gets dirty.

[0019] Fourthly, in some embodiments, since a plurality of interfaces for outputting power are installed in the discharging module, power can be provided to external connected devices (such as electric lights and signal lights provided in the driver's cab).

[0020] Fifthly, in some embodiments, the light body includes a plurality of electric resistance lights connected in series, and since a current limiting electric resistance is connected in series to each electric resistance light, the input voltage to each electric resistance light becomes fixed, and the length of the light body can be cut according to the length of the track train model, and moreover, the brightness can be made not to change even when cut. Also, by connecting a current limiting electric resistance in series to each electric resistance light, it is possible to prevent the electric resistance light from being damaged due to an excessive current.

[0021] Sixthly, in some embodiments, since a pull-up electric resistance is connected to the hall sensor, the stability of the hall signal can be ensured.

[0022] Seventhly, in some embodiments, since a protection electric resistance is connected in series to the reed switch, it is possible to prevent the reed switch from being damaged due to an excessive current.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023]

Figure 1

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In describing the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" or "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection. Also, it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It may be directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicated inside two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

[0026] Also, in different embodiments of the present invention described below, as long as there is no contradiction between such technical features, they can be combined with each other.

[0027] Based on the above description of related matters, since this embodiment relates to technologies related to lighting circuits, in order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the related technical terms related to the present invention will be interpreted and described below.

[0028] 1. An IC (Integrated Circuit) is an integrated circuit formed by a large number of microelectronic devices (such as transistors, electrical resistors, and electrical capacitors) installed on a substrate to form a chip, and is also called a C chip.

[0029] 2. An ADC is an analog-to-digital converter, which is a device for converting a continuous signal in analog format into a discrete signal in digital format. One analog-to-digital conversion circuit provides signals for measurement. The corresponding device becomes a digital-to-analog conversion circuit.

[0030] 3. An RC filter circuit consists of an electrical resistance (R) and an electrical capacitance (C) and is connected in series. When an input signal is sent to the RC filter circuit, the signal is processed by the electrical resistance and the electrical capacitance.

[0031] 4. A PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) circuit is a pulse width modulation circuit, which can provide a control signal to a power element in addition to detecting the output state of a power circuit.

[0032] 5. An LED is a light-emitting diode.

[0033] 6. A MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.

[0034] 7. kΩ is a unit of electrical resistance value, meaning kiloohm, and 1 kΩ = 1000 Ω. μF is a unit of electrical capacitance value, simply called microfarad. Hz is a unit of frequency, simply called hertz. lux is a unit of illuminance, simply called lux. V is a unit of voltage, the unit of volt, N is the N pole of a magnet, and S is the S pole of a magnet.

[0035] The present invention provides an indoor lighting circuit dedicated to a rail transit vehicle model, as shown in FIG. 1 for example. The circuit includes a power supply module, a charging module, a discharging module, a dimming IC control module, and a light body connected in sequence. A hall sensor and a reed switch are connected to the dimming IC control module. The output end of the hall sensor is connected to an input pin in the IC control module. The reed switch is connected in series between an input pin and the ground in the dimming IC control module as a magnetic control switch. A photosensitive resistor for detecting changes in external light irradiation is connected to the dimming IC control module. A voltage dividing circuit is formed by the photosensitive resistor and a fixed resistor, and the output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to an ADC input pin in the dimming IC control module. A multilayer ceramic capacitor is connected to the charging module.

[0036] By receiving the hall signal and the switch signal of the reed switch, the dimming IC control module operates correspondingly while identifying, so as to realize light control including multiple functions such as opening and closing, twinkling, dimming, and brightness adjustment of the light body. Specifically, the hall sensor detects the approach of a magnet or the change of the N pole and S pole of the magnet (switching of N / S poles) and outputs high-level and low-level signals.

[0037] Preferably, a pull-up resistor (e.g., 10 kΩ) is connected to the hall sensor to ensure signal stability. An RC filter circuit (e.g., 0.1 μF capacitance and 1 kΩ resistor) is added to remove signal jitter. To require the distinction of the polarity of the split magnet, different polarity signals can be changed to levels distinguishable by the dimming IC (e.g., triggering a high level when it is the N pole, while triggering a low level when it is the S pole) by a voltage dividing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0038] The reed switch turns on (low-level signal) when a magnet approaches and turns off (high-level signal) when it moves away. By installing a protective electrical resistor (e.g., 1 kΩ), it is possible to prevent the current from being too large and damaging the reed switch.

[0039] The process of dimming by the dimming IC control module is as follows, for example. The single trigger mode switches the state of the light (e.g., bright → off → sparkle repetition) by the dimming IC when the magnet approaches the hall sensor or the reed switch turns on. The continuous detection mode triggers the function of adjusting the brightness based on the time the magnet stops (e.g., long press for 3 seconds). Polarity identification can be correspondingly provided with different functions (e.g., adjusted to be brighter in the case of the N pole and darker in the case of the S pole) by switching the N / S pole when the hall sensor supports polarity detection. Brightness adjustment controls the LED drive circuit by a PWM signal, and the adjustment range of the duty ratio is 0% - 100%. The sparkle mode installs a PWM waveform with a constant frequency (e.g., 1 Hz) to switch the light periodically. The switching of the dynamic mode sets multiple modes in advance (e.g., always on, breathing light, sparkle), and switches the mode by trigger signals multiple times.

[0040] The hall element and the reed switch provide a trigger signal. The dimming IC realizes multi-functional light control by a hardware filter and software. The system can support brightness adjustment, dynamic mode switching and environmental self-adaptation, and can significantly enhance the flexibility and realism of simulating the track model.

[0041] Furthermore, the dimming IC control module receives a photosensitive resistor signal (when the photosensitive resistor detects the external light intensity, its own electrical resistance value changes), and operates correspondingly while identifying the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor. Then, it can realize functions such as changes in external light irradiation, brightness inside the vehicle, and mode switching.

[0042] A voltage-dividing circuit is formed by a photosensitive resistor and a fixed resistor (for example, 10 kΩ), and the output terminal is connected to the ADC input pin in the dimming IC. Preferably, an RC low-pass filter (for example, 1 kΩ resistor + 0.1 μF capacitor) can be installed to remove noise caused by sudden changes in ambient light.

[0043] When the dimming IC does not have an internal ADC, it is necessary to connect an external ADC module to convert the analog signal into a digital signal. At the same time, the PWM output pin where the dimming IC is located is connected to the drive circuit (for example, MOSFET or constant current drive IC) in the light body.

[0044] The logic for adjusting brightness includes linear adjustment that matches the ADC value to the PWM duty ratio (for example, 0 - 1024 ADC values correspond to 0% - 100% duty ratio), and stepwise adjustment that sets multiple light irradiation thresholds (for example, day / dusk / night) corresponding to different brightness levels (for example, 100% / 50% / 20%).

[0045] The function of mode switching is as follows. In the day / night mode, when the light irradiation is lower than the threshold (for example, 50 lux), it switches to the low brightness mode and turns on the warm color temperature LED. In the dynamic scene, when the light irradiation is continuously lower than the threshold for only 5 seconds, it automatically turns on in the mode of "night atmosphere light" (the effect of breathing light).

[0046] Preferably, fuses are connected to the circuits between the modules. In some embodiments, fuses are connected to the circuits between the modules. In case of a short circuit, when the voltage is too high, or when the current is too large, it can be turned off to ensure the safety of the lamp itself and the rail transit vehicle model.

[0047] Preferably, an electric double layer capacitor is further connected to the charging module. By adding and installing an electric double layer capacitor, it can provide a larger capacitance than the commonly seen capacitance, and still stably provide brightness and functions even when the vehicle leaves the track and when the track gets dirty.

[0048] Preferably, a plurality of interfaces (3v and 2.7v output interfaces in the figure) for providing power in advance are installed in the discharge module, so as to provide power to the devices connected to the outside (such as lights and signal lights in the driver's cab).

[0049] Preferably, the lamp body includes a plurality of electrical resistance lights connected in series, so that the input voltage of each electrical resistance light remains unchanged. The length of the lamp body can be cut according to the length of the rail train model, so that the brightness remains unchanged even when it is cut. In addition, a current-limiting electrical resistance can be connected in series to each electrical resistance light to prevent the electrical resistance light from being damaged due to too large a current.

[0050] Preferably, the dimming IC control module includes BP1601C, ROHM BD18351EFV-M chip or other chips capable of realizing the functions of this circuit.

[0051] Preferably, in order to solve the problem that the light body in the rail transit vehicle model generates glare, the copper column can be fixed with screws or replaced with a copper piece by soldering. Or, directly, the wire can be connected to the circuit on the vehicle body by welding. Conduct electricity through multiple connection forms. Thereby, the wear between the copper piece and the wheel does not cause the conductivity to become unstable, and the generation of glare can be prevented.

[0052] Preferably, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the power supply module in the same circuit conforms to multiple specifications. When it is not higher than 24V, it is suitable for multiple types of vehicle speed adjustment situations such as DC, PWM, and AC. Moreover, even when the voltage changes or the PWM / AC frequency changes, the brightness of the light itself does not change according to the frequency of the voltage. Specifically, the power supply module mainly includes a comparator, a buck-boost controller, and a current sampling resistor. The comparator (for example, LM393) detects the type of the input signal, and automatically switches the processing path (for example, turn on rectification or bypass) according to the detected result.

[0053] When the input is AC, a bridge rectifier (for example, MB6S) is used to convert the AC signal into a pulsed DC, a filter capacitor (for example, 470 μF / 35V) is installed to smooth the voltage, remove high-frequency ripple, and output a constant current by a four-switch buck-boost controller such as LM3492 or LT3791. When the input is DC, a direct connection is made, and a polarity protection diode (for example, 1N4007) is used to prevent reverse connection, and a constant current is output by a buck-boost controller. When the input is a PWM voltage, first, a low-pass filter (for example, an RC circuit, 1 kΩ + 10 μF) is used to obtain the average voltage of the PWM signal, and then a constant current is output by a buck-boost controller.

[0054] Even if the input voltage changes (≤ 24V), the electrical resistance (e.g., 0.1Ω) is sampled by the current and immediate feedback is performed to adjust the switch duty ratio to maintain a constant current. Through the design of rectification filter, buck-boost constant current drive and frequency decoupling, the power supply module can exchange with DC, PWM, AC input (≤ 24V), and can be maintained so that the LED brightness does not change when the voltage or frequency changes. By combining with the mechanism of automatic identification and protection, the system has both high interchangeability and stability, and is suitable for complex working conditions in the track model.

[0055] The above specific embodiments are detailed descriptions of the present invention, but it should not be understood that the specific embodiments according to the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, some estimations and substitutions are possible, and all should be included in the protection scope by the present invention.

Claims

1. It includes a power supply module, a charging module, a discharging module, a dimming IC control module and a light body connected in sequence, A hall sensor and a reed switch are connected to the dimming IC control module. The output end of the hall sensor is connected to the input pin of the dimming IC control module. The reed switch is connected in series between the input pin and the ground of the dimming IC control module as a magnetic control switch. The dimming IC control module is further connected with a photosensitive resistor for detecting changes in external light irradiation. A voltage dividing circuit is formed by the photosensitive resistor and a fixed resistor. The output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ADC input pin of the dimming IC control module. A multilayer ceramic capacitor is connected to the charging module. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to a rail transit vehicle model, characterized by this.

2. A fuse is connected to the circuit between each module. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to the rail transit vehicle model according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

3. An electric double layer capacitor is connected to the charging module. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to the rail transit vehicle model according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

4. A plurality of interfaces for outputting power are installed in the discharging module. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to the rail transit vehicle model according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

5. The light body includes a plurality of electric resistance lights connected in series. A current limiting resistor is connected in series to each electric resistance light. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to the rail transit vehicle model according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

6. A pull-up resistor is connected to the hall sensor. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to the rail transit vehicle model according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

7. A protection resistor is connected in series to the reed switch. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to the rail transit vehicle model according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

8. The dimming IC control module includes a BP1601C or ROHM BD18351EFV-M chip. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to the rail transit vehicle model according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

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