A process system that realizes single-stage, highly efficient water washing and solid-liquid separation

Abstract

To provide a process system capable of achieving single-step, highly efficient hydrotreating solid-liquid separation in the field of recycling and disposal of hazardous solid wastes.SOLUTION: It is equipped with an electrical control box, an on-line monitoring device, a pressure filtration machine, a pressure filtration machine auxiliary device, a filtrate and solid phase discharge device, and a pharmaceutical device, in which the electrical control box is connected to the on-line monitoring device, the pressure filtration machine, the pressure filtration machine auxiliary device, and the pharmaceutical device, respectively. The inlet end of the pressure filter is connected to the pressure filter auxiliary device, and the outlet end of the pressure filter is connected to the filtrate and solid phase discharge device. The process system to achieve this solid-liquid separation can automatically control production online, automatically adjust and set solution concentrations according to various batches of raw material, can be completed in one step for specific salts that need to be removed in the water rinse pretreatment process, and has the advantages of a simple process, fewer breakdowns, and low maintenance costs.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus for a production line for recycling hazardous solid waste, and more specifically to a process system for achieving high-efficiency water washing and solid-liquid separation in a single stage. [Background technology]

[0002] With the continuous rapid development of the domestic economy and the rapid improvement of the living standards of the people, the annual output of municipal solid waste has also increased significantly. At the present stage, power generation from waste incineration is one of the important means of municipal waste treatment. In addition to effectively sterilizing, reducing and shrinking municipal waste by incinerating it at high temperatures, it can also provide a large amount of thermal energy for heating or power generation, maximizing energy recovery. However, organic pollutants such as heavy metals and soluble salts contained in the incineration fly ash generated during waste incineration are hazardous wastes and may cause secondary pollution to the environment if not properly treated.

[0003] In the prior art, the incineration fly ash is solidified and stabilized before being buried, and the harmful substances are fixed or encapsulated in an inert solidification base material by physicochemical methods, and then sent to a landfill for burial. However, this method requires a lot of land resources to be spent on building the landfill, and there is a risk of secondary environmental hazards.

[0004] Therefore, the industry is further developing other stable and efficient fly ash treatment technologies, such as co-processing with cement. After removing the large amount of chloride ions and heavy metal elements contained in the incineration fly ash by washing it with water, the pre-treated fly ash can be used as a raw material in the cement manufacturing process, making it possible to utilize the resources.

[0005] The key to this method is to remove the large amount of chloride ions contained in the incineration fly ash, which, if not removed, may affect the quality of cement. There are also studies related to the water washing process for incineration fly ash in the prior art.

[0006] For example, application No. 201710905024.5 discloses a highly efficient water-saving water washing and dechlorination method and system for garbage and fly ash, which includes a feed box, a first stirring pot, a first pressure plate filter, a second stirring pot, a second pressure plate filter, a third stirring pot, a third pressure plate filter and a drying device, and in addition to installing a first fly ash residue discharge pipe between the feed box and the feed port of the first stirring pot, a first solid-liquid mixing pipe is installed between the discharge port of the first stirring pot and the feed port of the first pressure plate filter, and a second fly ash residue discharge pipe is installed between the discharge port of the first pressure plate filter and the feed port of the second stirring pot.

[0007] For example, Application No. 201811427894.7 discloses a system and process for multi-stage dechlorination of fly ash and de-ashing and softening of washing liquid. The system includes a fly ash storage bin, a fly ash washing unit, a muddy water separation unit, and a water softening unit. The fly ash washing unit sequentially arranges a first washing tank and a second washing tank to perform two-stage countercurrent washing of the fly ash raw material in the fly ash storage bin, and the liquid phase separated after washing in the second washing tank supplies water to the first washing tank. The muddy water separation unit includes a gravity settling separation unit connected to the first washing tank and a first mechanical separation unit connected to the second washing tank. The water softening unit includes a de-ashing reactor, a first flocculation separation device, and a second flocculation separation device.

[0008] For example, application number 202010042428.8 discloses a circulation stage fly ash washing system and method. The system includes a water purification tank and a premixing tank, the premixing tanks are all connected to a first pulping tank, the water purification tanks are all connected to a second pulping tank, the discharge end of the first pulping tank is connected to a first pressure filter, the first pressure filter includes a plurality of filtrate outlets and a residue outlet, the plurality of filtrate outlets are respectively connected to corresponding liquid storage devices, the outlet of the liquid storage device is connected to a water treatment system, the residue outlet is connected to a second pulping tank, the second pulping tank is connected to a second pressure filter, and the residue outlet of the second pressure filter is connected to a drying system. Through the effective cooperation of the equipment and the system, the salt in the fly ash is thoroughly washed through repeated washing processes, and the filtrates with different concentrations after one washing are stored separately and circulated for washing, and finally separated and extracted to obtain a salt solution with a constant concentration that can be reused. The above-mentioned invention can effectively remove chloride ions from incineration fly ash by using a two-stage or multi-stage water washing process, but in addition to having a cumbersome washing process and low washing efficiency, the washing process requires a large number of equipment and water treatment tanks, which occupy a large area, resulting in high investment costs and operating costs.

[0009] With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, currently the recycling of waste incineration fly ash or dust requires the disposal of hazardous solid waste in a dedicated treatment device. Usually, commercial industrial equipment is used for disposal, but there are many technical problems, such as three-stage water washing, complicated treatment equipment and process, frequent equipment failure points and high maintenance costs. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] China Application No. 201710905024.5 [Patent Document 2] China Application No. 201811427894.7 [Patent Document 3] China Application No. 202010042428.8 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] The present invention aims to provide a process system that realizes a single-stage, highly efficient water washing and solid-liquid separation, and to solve the technical problems that arise when using general industrial equipment in the prior art to recycle waste incineration fly ash or dust, such as multiple processes, three-stage water washing, complex treatment equipment and processes, frequent equipment failures, and high maintenance costs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention uses the following technical solutions: The process system for realizing a single-stage, highly efficient water washing and solid-liquid separation comprises an electric control box, an online monitoring device, a pressurized filter, a pressurized filter auxiliary device, a filtrate and solid phase discharge device, and a chemical device, wherein the electric control box is respectively connected to the online monitoring device, the pressurized filter, the pressurized filter auxiliary device, and the chemical device, the inlet end of the pressurized filter is connected to the pressurized filter auxiliary device, and the outlet end of the pressurized filter is connected to the filtrate and solid phase discharge device.

[0013] In the present invention, the pressure filter is a pressure plate filter, a diaphragm pressure filter, a horizontal lever type pressure filter, or a hanging beam type pressure filter.

[0014] In the present invention, the pressurized filter auxiliary device includes several pyramidal tanks and a mixing reactor, the pyramidal tanks are connected to the pressurized filter, and the mixing reactors are connected to the chemical device.

[0015] In the present invention, the filtrate and solid phase discharge device includes a filtrate collection tank and a residue collection bin, and the filtrate collection tank and the residue collection bin are respectively connected to the outlet end of the pressurized filter.

[0016] In the present invention, the online monitoring device includes a PH online detector, a TDS meter, a conductivity meter, and a liquid level gauge, the conductivity meter and the liquid level gauge are provided in the conical tank, and the PH online detector and the TDS meter are provided at the inlet of the filtrate collection tank.

[0017] In the present invention, the chemical device includes a powdered chemical tank, a liquid chemical tank, and a carbon dioxide chemical tank, and the powdered chemical tank, the liquid chemical tank, and the carbon dioxide chemical tank are each connected to the mixing reactor via a metering pump.

[0018] In the present invention, the liquid chemical tank includes an acid chemical tank, an alkaline chemical tank, and a coagulant chemical tank.

[0019] In addition, in the present invention, the electric control box is provided with a PLC controller, which is connected to the online monitoring device, the pressurizing filter, the pressurizing filter auxiliary device and the chemical device respectively. Effect of the Invention

[0020] By using the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: According to the present invention, the process system for realizing single-stage, highly efficient water washing solid-liquid separation can automatically adjust and set the solution concentration according to different batches of raw materials, the electric control box collects data of raw materials and filtrate through an online monitoring device, and adjusts the process parameters through a set program, and the pressure filter can better reduce the moisture content of the material under the premise of ensuring the service life through high-pressure extrusion. The pressure filter auxiliary device is specialized for classifying and collecting filtrate at different production stages, and feeds back the data to the electric control box for monitoring. The chemical device feeds chemicals into the mixing reactor through the electric control box. The filtrate and solid phase discharge device crushes the residue of the pressure filter and collects the filtrate of the pressure filter. The process system for realizing solid-liquid separation can automatically control production online, automatically adjust and set the solution concentration according to different batches of raw materials, and can complete the specific salt that needs to be removed in the water washing pretreatment process at one time, and has the advantages of simple process, few breakdowns and low maintenance costs. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which: [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a single-stage, highly efficient, integrated water washing and solid-liquid separation apparatus according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the pressure filter auxiliary device of the present invention and the pressure filter. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the online monitoring device of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the pharmaceutical device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The detailed technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the following specific embodiments. Anyone skilled in the art can not only understand and practice the technical content of the present invention, but also can easily understand the relevant objectives and advantages of the present invention according to the specification, claims and drawings disclosed in this specification. EXAMPLES

[0023] Fig. 1 shows the structure of the single-stage high-efficiency water washing solid-liquid separation integrated device according to the present invention. The process system for realizing solid-liquid separation is specifically provided with an electric control box 1, an online monitoring device 3, a pressure filter 4, a pressure filter auxiliary device 2, a filtrate and solid phase discharge device 5, and a chemical device 6, as shown in Fig. 1, wherein the electric control box 1 is respectively connected to the online monitoring device 3, the pressure filter 4, the pressure filter auxiliary device 2, and the chemical device 6, the inlet end of the pressure filter 4 is connected to the pressure filter auxiliary device 2, and the outlet end of the pressure filter 4 is connected to the filtrate and solid phase discharge device 5.

[0024] The principle of realizing the single-stage high-efficiency water washing solid-liquid separation integrated device is as follows: the pressure filter auxiliary device 2 is controlled by sending the data fed back from the online monitoring device 3 to the electric control box 1, when the pressure filter auxiliary device 2 operates until the program set in the electric control box 1 is completed, the electric control box 1 controls the operation of the pressure filter 4, when the pressure filter 4 operates until the program set in the electric control box 1 is completed, the online monitoring device 3 performs data collection for the filtrate and solid phase discharge device 5, and feeds back the collected data to the electric control box 1, the electric control box 1 compares the collected data with the parameters set in the electric control box, and adjusts the operation parameters of the pressure filter 4 and the pharmaceutical equipment 6 until it meets the requirements set in the electric control box.

[0025] In one embodiment, the electric control box 1 used for controlling the whole process equipment can decide to use the traditional pure circuit control method according to requirements, and also can be provided with a PLC controller connected to the online monitoring device 3, the pressurizer 4, the pressurizer auxiliary device 2, and the chemical device 6 respectively through signal data. The present invention executes the work between the electric control box 1 and the pressurizer auxiliary device 2 according to the PLC program pre-created by the PLC controller, and when various processing materials or composition fluctuations occur, the online monitoring device 3 needs to be continuously adjusted until the feedback data meets the requirements of production guidance.

[0026] In one embodiment, the pressure filter 4 may be a pressure plate filter or a diaphragm pressure filter or a horizontal lever type pressure filter or a hanging beam type pressure filter, as well as other types of pressure filters. The electric control box 1 controls the operation of the pressure filter 4 until it meets the requirements of subsequent production, such as the moisture content of the solid phase, by controlling the downstream filtrate and solid phase discharge devices.

[0027] In one embodiment, the online monitoring device 3 includes a PH online detector, a TDS meter, a conductivity meter 10 and a level gauge 9 .

[0028] In one embodiment, the filtrate and solid phase discharge device 5 includes a filtrate collection tank and a residue collection bin, which are respectively connected to the outlet end of the pressure filter 4. The filtrate collection tank is used to collect the filtrate after solid-liquid separation in the pressure filter 4. The residue collection bin is used to collect the solid phase residue after solid-liquid separation in the pressure filter 4.

[0029] In one embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the connection relationship between the pressurized filter auxiliary device and the pressurized filter, FIG. 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of the online monitoring device, and FIG. 4 shows a structural schematic diagram of the pharmaceutical device.

[0030] The pressure filter auxiliary device includes a pyramidal tank 7 and a mixing reactor 8, and the mixing reactor 8 is connected to the chemical device 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the number of pyramidal tanks 7 is three, and the three pyramidal tanks 7 are connected to the pressure filter 4. During a specific operation, a conductivity meter 10 and a liquid level gauge 9 are respectively attached to the three pyramidal tanks 7. In FIG. 2, the line of the arrow direction facing the pressure filter 4 indicates the material is transported from the pyramidal tank 7 to the pressure filter 4 through the pump, and the line of the arrow direction facing the pyramidal tank 7 indicates the material flows from the pressure filter 4 into the pyramidal tank 7. The liquid level of the pyramidal tank 7 is adjusted by operating the liquid level gauge 9 attached to the pyramidal tank 7 to control the opening angle of the valve. The liquid in the pressure filter 4 is classified through the online conductivity meter 10 and controlled to flow into various pyramidal tanks 7. For example, the chloride concentration during the mixing reaction can be adjusted according to the concentration of the filtrate flowing out of the pressure filter. If the filtrate has a high conductivity, the feed rate can be reduced or the water rate can be increased as required for the mixing reaction at the front end.

[0031] As shown in Fig. 4, the chemical device 6 includes a powder chemical tank 14, a liquid chemical tank, and a carbon dioxide chemical tank 15, and the powder chemical tank, the liquid chemical tank, and the carbon dioxide chemical tank are respectively connected to the mixing reactor 8 via a metering pump 16. The chemical device 6 mainly feeds chemicals into the mixing reactor 8 in various dosing methods according to specific ratios according to various chemical forms (powder, liquid, gas). The liquid chemical tanks include an acid chemical tank 11 (including hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.), an alkaline chemical tank (including sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, etc.) 12, and a flocculant chemical tank 13 (anionic flocculant, cationic flocculant, neutral flocculant).

[0032] The operation process of the whole device is as follows. In the case of waste incineration, it is necessary to remove fly ash and dust containing potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and iron chloride. First, the waste incineration fly ash or dust is pulped and mixed in the pressure filter auxiliary device 2, and then put into the pressure filter 4 for solid-liquid separation. The PH online detector and TDS meter are installed at the inlet of the filtrate collection tank of the filtrate and solid phase discharge device 5, and feed back the detection data to the electric control box 1 by detecting the PH and TDS in the first filtrate separated by the pressure filter 4. The electric control box 1 compares the data fed back from the first filtrate with the PLC program data preset by the PLC controller. If the detected pH is higher than the set value, the chemical device 6 injects the mixed acid in the acid chemical tank 11 into the mixing reactor specified by the pressure filter auxiliary device 2 through the metering pump, and if the TDS is higher than the set value, the chemical device 6 injects the desalted water into the mixing reactor 8 specified by the pressure filter auxiliary device 2 through the metering pump. After continuing the mixing reaction, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, when the online monitoring device continues to monitor the monitoring indicators of the second filtrate obtained from the pressure filter, production is carried out according to the set program after the monitoring indicators meet the program requirements set by the electric control box 1. The second filtrate and solid phase residue obtained from the pressure filter pass through the corresponding discharge devices and enter the filtrate collection tank and residue collection bin corresponding to the filtrate and solid phase discharge devices 5.

[0033] In the process equipment of the present invention, the pressure filter includes a pressure plate filter, a diaphragm pressure filter, a horizontal lever type pressure filter and a hanging beam type pressure filter, but it should be noted that other types of pressure filters can also be used.

[0034] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the present specific embodiment, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiment is only used to describe the present invention and does not limit the present invention, and therefore various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. Therefore, all changes and modifications of the above embodiment are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1: Electrical control box 2: Pressure filter auxiliary equipment 3: Online monitoring device 4: Pressure filter 5: Filtrate and solid phase discharge device 6: Drug device 6: Pharmaceutical equipment 7: Cone-shaped tank 8: Mixing reactor 9:Liquid level gauge 10: Conductivity meter 11: Acid tank 12: Alkaline chemical tank 13: Flocculant chemical tank 14: Powdered medicine tank 15: Liquid drug tank and carbon dioxide drug tank 16: Metering pump

Claims

1. The present invention comprises an electric control box, an online monitoring device, a pressure filter, a pressure filter auxiliary device, a filtrate and solid phase discharge device, and a chemical device, the electric control box is respectively connected to the online monitoring device, the pressure filter, the pressure filter auxiliary device, and the chemical device, the inlet end of the pressure filter is connected to the pressure filter auxiliary device, and the outlet end of the pressure filter is connected to the filtrate and solid phase discharge device, The pressure filter auxiliary device includes several pyramidal tanks and a mixing reactor, the pyramidal tanks are connected to the pressure filter, and the mixing reactors are connected to the chemical device; The online monitoring device includes a pH online detector, a TDS meter, a conductivity meter, and a liquid level gauge, the conductivity meter and the liquid level gauge are provided in the cone-shaped tank, and the pH online detector and the TDS meter are provided at the inlet of the filtrate collection tank; The chemical device includes a powdered chemical tank, a liquid chemical tank, and a carbon dioxide chemical tank, and the powdered chemical tank, the liquid chemical tank, and the carbon dioxide chemical tank are each connected to the mixing reactor via a metering pump; The liquid chemical tank includes an acid chemical tank, an alkaline chemical tank, and a coagulant chemical tank; The electrical control box is provided with a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is respectively connected to the online monitoring device, the pressurizing filter, the pressurizing filter auxiliary device, and the chemical device; The drug device puts the drug into the mixing reactor in an addition method according to the drug ratio according to the drug form of powder, liquid, and gas; By detecting pH and TDS in the first filtrate separated by the pressure filter, feed back the detection data to the electric control box; the electric control box compares the data fed back from the first filtrate with the PLC program data preset by the PLC controller, when the detected pH is higher than the set value, the chemical device injects the mixed acid in the acid chemical tank through the metering pump into the mixing reactor designated by the pressure filter auxiliary device; when the TDS is higher than the set value, the chemical device injects the desalted water through the metering pump into the mixing reactor designated by the pressure filter auxiliary device; after the mixing reaction continues, when the online monitoring device continues to monitor the monitoring index of the second filtrate obtained from the pressure filter, after the monitoring index meets the program requirements set by the electric control box, production is carried out according to the set program; the second filtrate obtained from the pressure filter and the solid phase residue enter the filtrate collection tank and residue collection bottle corresponding to the filtrate and solid phase discharge devices through the corresponding discharge devices. A process system that realizes a single-stage, highly efficient water washing and solid-liquid separation.

2. 2. The process system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure filter is a pressure plate filter, a diaphragm pressure filter, a horizontal lever type pressure filter, or a hanging beam type pressure filter.

3. 2. The process system of claim 1, wherein the filtrate and solid phase discharge device includes a filtrate collection tank and a retentate collection bin, the filtrate collection tank and the retentate collection bin being respectively connected to the outlet end of the pressure filter.

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