Laminated glazing with electrically controllable devices and method for producing same - Patents.com

Abstract

The present invention relates to laminated glazing incorporating electrically controllable devices and to a method for manufacturing the laminated glazing, including a pre-assembly operation using thin plastic strips.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to laminated glazing incorporating electrically controllable devices and methods for making same. [Background technology]

[0002] Automotive vehicle glazing is increasingly incorporating optical signaling or lighting functions using inorganic light emitting diodes.

[0003] WO 2016 / 079459 describes a luminescent laminated glazing forming the front windshield of an automotive vehicle, which glazing integrates diodes on a printed circuit board (PCB) to provide a luminous signal to alert the driver.

[0004] More precisely, in the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 5 of said document, the light-emitting windshield comprises: - Laminated glazing, including: a first glazing having a first and a second main face, called face F1 and face F2, forming an exterior glazing, - a laminated interlayer made of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB); a second glazing having a third and a fourth main face, called face F3 and face F4, forming an inner glazing, wherein said second and third surfaces are inner surfaces of said laminated glazing; - a series of diodes on a printed circuit board (PCB), where these diodes are capable of emitting a red signal light to warn the driver, and each diode has a light-emitting face that emits light towards the inner glass, called the front face of this PCB, - A double-sided adhesive tape less than 0.05mm thick on the backside of the PCB, forming the bond between the glazing and the PCB.

[0005] The double-sided adhesive tape may also be observed to have air bubbles formed or the (transparent) adhesive tape may be hazy, which may cause defects in appearance. The use of this double-sided adhesive tape is further restricted from the process point of view and is easily contaminated, such as by dust. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Thus, the manufacture of such luminescent laminated glazing for automotive vehicles or for any other application (interior or exterior construction, equipment, etc.) can be improved. More broadly, the manufacture of any laminated glazing incorporating electrically controllable devices (discrete devices, surface devices, etc.) can be improved. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] Therefore, a first subject of the invention is a method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device, in particular for a vehicle, in particular for a vehicle comprising a curved laminated glazing, comprising: This glazing includes: - a first transparent glazing, often forming an exterior glazing, made of mineral glass or plastic, in particular curved, optionally clear, very clear or tinted, in particular grey or green, and preferably curved, having a first and a second main face, called face F1 and face F2 respectively, each main face being exposed or covered with a (transparent or opaque) in particular mineral layer (functional layer, single layer or multilayer etc., in particular a layer having a thickness of at most 50 μm or of a size less than a micrometer), the thickness of which for automotive glazing is preferably at most 2.5 mm, even at most 2.2 mm, in particular at most 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm, or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm; a second transparent glazing, often forming an inner glazing, in particular curved, preferably made of clear, very clear or tinted mineral glass or plastic, having a third and a fourth main face, called face F3 and face F4 respectively, in particular F3 and F4 being exposed or covered with a (transparent or opaque) in particular mineral layer (functional layer, single layer or multilayer, etc., in particular a layer having a thickness of at most 50 μm or of a size less than a micrometer), the thickness of which, for automotive glazing, is less than that of the first glazing, even at most 2.2 mm, in particular at most 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm, or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm, the total thickness of the first and second glazing being preferably strictly less than 4 mm or even strictly less than 3.7 mm, Preferably, at least one of the first and second glazings is made of mineral glass, in particular F1, F2, F3 and F4, respectively, being exposed or covered with a (transparent or opaque) in particular mineral layer (functional layer, single layer or multilayer etc., in particular a layer having a thickness of at most 50 μm or less in size); a lamination interlayer made of a thermoplastic polymer material, in particular made of one or more sheets, in particular having a main surface FA in adhesive contact with the second surface F2 (exposed or covered) and a main surface FB in adhesive contact with the surface F3 (exposed or covered) and in particular having a thickness e1 of less than a centimeter in size, whereby preferably a major portion of surface F2 and a major portion of surface F3 are in adhesive contact with this lamination interlayer, for automobile glazing the thickness e1 is preferably at most 1.8 mm, more preferably at most 1.2 mm, even more preferably at most 0.9 mm (more preferably at least 0.3 mm, even more preferably at least 0.5 mm), in particular recessed from the edge of the first glazing and recessed from the edge of the second glazing by at most 2 mm, Preferably, at least one of the first glazing and the second glazing is made of mineral glass and the laminated glazing comprises between the faces F2 and F3: - an electrically controllable device, in particular comprising a support which is a strip (elongated, for example square, rectangular, L-shaped, T-shaped, comb-shaped, etc.), in particular having a width W2 of at most 1 m or at most 40 cm, even at most 20 cm, 10 cm or 5 cm, in particular having a thickness e2 of less than a millimeter size, even at most 0.15 mm, having a front face, a rear face and an end face, said front face being functionally in the area referred to as the functional area, an electrically controllable system, in particular having a thickness e'2 of preferably less than a millimeter in size, in particular a width W'2 of at most 5 cm or less than a centimeter in size (individual components, etc.) or substantially equal to W2 (surface system), said front face optionally comprising an electrical power supply area adjacent to the functional area, in particular with an extension protruding at the external opening or from the edge of the first glazing or the second glazing, said electrically controllable device being smaller than the lamination interlayer; area and thus the device is in the (particularly peripheral) area of ​​the glazing; And the glazing comprises: - on the rear surface, in particular opposite the functional area with individual (opto)electronic components or surface systems, a polymeric bonding element having a thickness e3 of at most 0.3 mm, at most 0.25 mm, even at most 0.15 mm, in particular 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm or even at most 50 μm, in adhesive contact with this rear surface and with one of the surfaces F2 and F3, called contact surfaces (which contact surfaces may be exposed or covered with the above-mentioned layers), in particular having a width W3 of at least 0.8W2 or 0.9W2 and / or at most 1 m or at most 40 cm, even at most 20 cm, 10 cm or 5 cm, which bonding element is preferably bonded to a laminate intermediate layer has an area smaller than and / or - another polymeric bonding element on the front side, on the surface of the front side and / or on the front side, in particular on the electrically controllable system comprising individual (opto)electronic components or surface systems, having a thickness e'3 of at most 0.3 mm, at most 0.25 mm, even at most 0.15 mm, in particular 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm, even at most 50 μm, in adhesive contact with the electrically controllable device and with one of the faces F2 and F3, called contact faces (this contact face may be exposed or may be covered with the above-mentioned layer), facing this contact face in the case of two strips, this other polymeric bonding element preferably being formed by a lamination interlayer, has an area smaller than , in particular having a width W'3 of at least 0.8W2 or 0.9W2 and / or at most 1 m or at most 40 cm, or even at most 20 cm; and

[0008] The method comprises the steps of: - providing a pre-assembled component, prior to lamination, comprising the electrically controllable device, the bonding element and / or another bonding element, and optionally at least one sheet of a lamination interlayer, called the assembly sheet; Here, the coupling element is preferably provided on the functional area and / or on the power supply area, in particular on a coupling surface F facing the rear side of the support, which (mainly) covers the rear side. L The support comprises a strip of plastic, preferably thermoplastic, having a main surface, referred to as bonding surface F, which is preferably recessed from the end face of the support by a maximum of 5 mm, 2 mm or 1 mm, or is flush with the end face of the support, or protrudes from the end face of the support (preferably over a limited area), and which is connected to a bonding surface F. L and having a free (non-adhesive) major surface F' opposite the - This bonding surface F L is in adhesive contact with the back surface or is bonded to the back surface (bonding surface F L may or may not protrude beyond the end face of the support; and / or - This bonding surface F Lprotrudes beyond the edge face of the support on at least one side (in particular at the border of the functional area and / or the power supply area) and defines a protruding area ZD facing one area ZA of the main faces of the assembled sheet, which protruding area ZD is in adhesive contact with or is joined to this area ZA, ZA being preferably at most 10 cm, 5 cm or 1 cm from the edge face of the support and protruding on two, preferably opposite sides, or on three sides together with another protruding area ZE facing one area ZB of the main faces of the assembled sheet around the functional area etc., for example ZD and ZE protrude from two opposite sides of the support, ZA and ZB being preferably at most 10 cm, 5 cm or 1 cm from the edge face of the support; and / or - another coupling element has another coupling surface F' facing the front of the device; L and the plastic strip comprises a plastic, preferably thermoplastic, strip having a main surface called F', and the plastic strip has another bonding surface F' L and a free (non-adhesive) major surface F″ opposite the - Another bonding surface F' L is in adhesive contact or bonded to the electrically controllable device (in adhesive contact or bonded to the electrically controllable system and / or in adhesive contact or bonded to the front surface), and this further bonding surface F' L may or may not protrude beyond the end face of the support; and / or - Another bonding surface F' Ldefines a further protruding area Z'D on at least one side facing another area Z'A of one of the main faces of the assembled sheet, which is in adhesive contact or joined to this area Z'A, preferably at most 10 cm, 5 cm or 1 cm from the end face of the support, and protruding on two, preferably opposite sides, or on three sides together with a further protruding area Z'E facing one of the main faces of the assembled sheet, in particular an area ZB, around the functional area or the like, e.g. Z'D and Z'E protrude from two opposite sides of the support, Z'A and Z'B being preferably at most 10 cm, 5 cm or 1 cm from the end face of the support; - disposing the preassembled component between the first and second glazings before, after, or simultaneously with disposing a laminate interlayer between the first and second glazings; and - Laminating the pre-assembled components, including placing them under vacuum or pressure, and heating; Now, this lamination process results in: - (exposed) free surface F L , in particular by adhesive contact (directly or indirectly) with the exposed or covered contact surface (so that the free surface F L the entirety of which is in adhesive contact with the contact surface) and / or the (exposed) free surface F' L In particular, the bonding surface is brought into adhesive contact with the exposed or covered bonding surface (so that the free surface F L the entire surface is in adhesive contact with the mating surface; and - Adhesively contacting faces F2 and F3 (in different areas, in particular adjacent to the area carrying the electrically controllable device) in particular the laminate interlayer, and in particular the assembly sheet (if applicable).

[0009] The double-sided adhesive tapes used in the prior art luminescent laminated roofs require the removal of a protective film (liner). Moreover, the surface is sticky before positioning, and therefore the support cannot be easily realigned if necessary. Moreover, liner residues can cause bubbles and haze.

[0010] According to the invention, in order to simplify and accelerate the production of the glazing, components are used that are preassembled by bonding or adhesive contact outside the scope of the lamination line.

[0011] Thus, the plastic strip is already bonded to the device and / or to the assembly sheet (either over the entire surface or at multiple points on the surface), in the latter case the strip protrudes (it is larger than the device) and the bond between the strip and the sheet serves to hold the device by itself and no additional bond between the backside and the plastic strip is necessary.

[0012] The plastic strip can be bonded to the surface of the glazing via lamination. Unlike double-sided adhesive tape, the free surface of the thermoplastic strip is non-adhesive and ready for use. The plastic strip according to the invention allows for precise positioning without wasting line time.

[0013] The manufacturing process is therefore optimized and more suitable for automation.

[0014] The (thermoplastic) plastic strip further allows for degassing (escape of micro-air bubbles that occur during degassing cycles in drying ovens) and the use of a vacuum to remove any air bubbles present before the (preferably thermoplastic) plastic of the strip reaches the temperature required to bond to the contact surfaces. The (thermoplastic) plastic strip can therefore be more transparent than double-sided tape.

[0015] Thus, the thermoplastic strip may provide better mechanical strength, especially when the support is large.

[0016] The separate plastic strip offers the same advantages as those discussed above for the plastic strip.

[0017] It is also possible to bond one plastic strip to the other, preferably using a single, optionally apertured (PVB, PVB / functional PET / PVB composite) sheet, the strip protruding beyond the laminate interlayer.

[0018] Another plastic strip may be provided with openings perpendicular to the individual (opto)electronic components.

[0019] The plastic strip according to the present invention is referred to herein as the back plastic strip due to its attachment to the back surface.

[0020] The other plastic strip according to the invention is referred to herein as the front plastic strip due to its location on the front side: when the contact surface is exposed facing the joining element, the joining element (and thus the plastic strip) is in direct adhesive contact with this contact surface.

[0021] When the contact surface is covered with a layer (single or multiple layers), in particular with a functional layer (masking layer, conductive layer, low emissivity layer, heating layer, etc.) facing the bonding element, the bonding element (and therefore the plastic strip) is in indirect adhesive contact with this contact surface. A mineral (inorganic) layer is preferred. This is preferably a deposition layer, obtained for example by liquid deposition (screen printing, printing, etc.), physical vapor deposition (cathode sputtering) or chemical vapor deposition.

[0022] In particular, there is preferably no laminating interlayer (such as PVB) between the free main face F' and the contact face. In one particular case, another device is inserted between the free main face F' and the contact face, which device may itself be preassembled or housed and may be covered with a laminating interlayer.

[0023] When the joining surface is exposed facing another joining element, the other joining element (and therefore the other plastic strip) is in direct adhesive contact with the joining surface.

[0024] When the joining surface is covered with a layer (single or multiple layers), in particular with a functional layer (masking layer, conductive layer, low emissivity layer, heating layer, etc.) facing the further joining element, the joining element (and thus the further plastic strip) is in indirect adhesive contact with this joining surface. A mineral (inorganic) layer is preferred. This is preferably a deposition layer, obtained for example by liquid deposition (screen printing, printing, etc.), physical vapor deposition (cathode sputtering) or chemical vapor deposition.

[0025] In particular, there is preferably no laminating interlayer (such as PVB) between the free main face F" and the joining surface. In one particular case, another device is inserted between the free main face F" and the joining surface, which device may itself be preassembled or housed and may be covered with a laminating interlayer.

[0026] The shape of the plastic strip (or another plastic strip) can be appropriately adjusted; for simplicity, rectangular, square, L-shaped, F-shaped, E-shaped or comb-shaped strips can be used, in particular strips of a shape similar to that of the support.

[0027] After positioning the pre-assembled components and the laminated intermediate layer (particularly the assembly sheet, if applicable), it can be envisaged that the pre-assembled components are brought into point-bonded contact with the contact surfaces and / or the laminated intermediate layer (particularly the assembly sheet, if applicable) is brought into point-bonded contact with the contact surfaces to hold them in place before being placed under vacuum.

[0028] The (local) electrically controllable device can partially cover the laminated glazing, for example by up to 50%, 40%, or 30%, or by up to 20% or 10%. In addition, the (local) (thermoplastic) plastic strip can partially cover the laminated glazing, for example by up to 50%, 40%, or 30%, or by up to 20% or 10%. The degree of coverage by the strip is preferably the same as or slightly greater than the degree of coverage by the electrically controllable device.

[0029] The area of ​​the laminating interlayer (assembly sheet, etc.) can be (considerably) larger than the area of ​​the plastic strip (front or rear) and can cover at least 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% of the glazing with the electrically controllable device. The laminating interlayer (assembly sheet, etc.) can be recessed, in particular by a maximum of 2 mm, from the edge face of the first glazing (and / or the second glazing). When the support (and the strip) does not protrude from the first or second glazing, it is preferred that the laminating interlayer surrounds the support (so that the interlayer is between the support and the edge face of the laminated glazing nearest it).

[0030] Therefore, a thin plastic strip (front or back) having a smaller area than the intermediate layer (than the assembly sheet) is preferred, given its thinness to optimize costs and for better handling during manufacturing.

[0031] The (thermoplastic) plastic strip (front or rear) can protrude from the edge face of the support in the area of ​​the laminated glazing with the laminated interlayer, preferably by a maximum of 20 cm, 10 cm, or 5 cm or even 1 cm from the edge face of the support, thereby making it easier to position (without folding back, etc.), especially when pre-assembly is carried out between the rear face and the (rear) plastic strip.

[0032] In the present invention, the expression "up to X, Y, or Z" means "up to X, (and) up to Y, and (or) up to Z".

[0033] According to one embodiment, the (back) plastic strip is transparent (and free of defects) and / or the further (front) plastic strip is transparent; the support is transparent (the electrically controllable system can optionally be transparent or at least entirely transparent); the arrangement of this pre-assembled component between the first glazing and the second glazing is in a transparent area (face F2 and / or face F3, which may be exposed or covered with a transparent layer) of the first and / or second glazing; the (back) transparent strip and / or the further (front) plastic strip covering at least the rear side opposite this functional area are transparent and cover this functional area.

[0034] In one embodiment, the method of the present invention comprises forming a pre-assembled component according to at least one of the following embodiments [(a) or (b) or (a)+(b)]: (a) Assembling the joining element (back plastic strip) with the support, where joining surface F L is adhesively contacted or joined to the back surface, and this bonding surface F L The entire surface or a number of points of the surface are adhesively contacted to the back surface by an arrangement of spaced point adhesive contacts, or this bonding surface F L the entire surface or a number of points on the surface are joined by an arrangement of spaced point adhesive contacts or else, for example at the periphery, by means of an adhesive frame (bead of adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape, in particular with a thickness of up to 100 μm) which forms a seal or by means of adhesive strips (bead of adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape), for example two periphery strips; (a') Assembling another joining element (front plastic strip), whereby another joining surface F' L is adhesively contacted or bonded to the electrically controllable device (and / or front surface), and this other bonding surface F' Lor by adhesively contacting the entire surface or a number of points of the surface by an arrangement of adhesive contacts at spaced points, or by bonding this other bonding surface F' L the entire surface or a number of points on the surface are joined by an arrangement of spaced point adhesive contacts or else, for example at the periphery, by means of an adhesive frame (bead of adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape, in particular with a thickness of up to 100 μm) which forms a seal or by means of adhesive strips (bead of adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape), for example two periphery strips; and / or (b) assembling the bonding element (back plastic strip) together with the laminated interlayer, in which a plurality of points on the surface of the protruding region ZD or the entire surface is adhesively contacted to the region ZA by an arrangement of spaced point adhesive contacts or the bonding surface is joined, in particular by an arrangement of adhesive regions, or the entire bonding surface is joined to the region ZA; (b') assembling another bonding element (front plastic strip) together with the laminated intermediate layer, in which a plurality of points on the surface of another protruding region Z'D or the entire surface is adhesively contacted to region Z'A by an arrangement of spaced point adhesive contacts, or another bonding surface is joined by an arrangement of point adhesive regions, or another bonding surface is joined entirely to region Z'A.

[0035] All combinations can be envisaged, in particular (a)+(b);(a')+(b');(a)+(b');(a')+(b);(a)+(a');(b)+(b');(a)+(a')+(b)+(b'), where double-sided tape can be used, since this operation is outside the lay-up line.

[0036] The adhesive contact without the addition of adhesive material is achieved by preferably softening the (rear) plastic strip and / or the (front) plastic strip, preferably made of a thermoplastic, thereby resulting in adhesive contact between the multiple surfaces.

[0037] In particular and advantageously, the adhesive contact is achieved by heating, and optionally also by pressure, in particular by induction heating, by hot air or by radiation (laser), or else using a solvent such as alcohol.

[0038] In particular and advantageously, the adhesive contact is a point contact and is achieved by localized heating and optionally also by pressure, in particular by induction heating, by hot air or by radiation (laser), or else using a solvent such as alcohol.

[0039] Each of the point adhesive contacts is, for example, up to 15 mm wide.

[0040] Each of the spot adhesive bonds is, for example, up to 15 mm wide.

[0041] The heating tool may be a metal stylus, a "soldering iron" with flat end fittings (and preferably a non-stick coating (such as silicone, Teflon, PTFE elastomer, etc.) that is heat-transmitting), one or more heated fingers, or a hot air gun, particularly for localized or multi-localized heating (and more preferably for applying pressure).

[0042] Point bond contact can be achieved in one operation for all contacts. A heating tool can be selected that can create a variety of point bond sites in one operation.

[0043] Localized heating can achieve localized point bonding not only between the (rear) plastic strip and the backside of the support, but also between the device and the interlayer sheet.

[0044] Localized heating can be achieved by applying a heating tool to the backside and / or frontside, with the backside being preferred.

[0045] During the above-mentioned operation of pre-assembling with a bonding element or with another bonding element, the electrically controllable device (respectively the rear or front side) is, for example, on a first sheet of a laminate intermediate layer, the face of which is opposite to this bonding element or to another bonding element, and a second sheet of a laminate intermediate layer (in particular the assembly sheet) is on the first sheet, and localized heating brings this first sheet into point contact with the second sheet.

[0046] During the above-mentioned operation of pre-assembly with the bonding element, the front surface of the electrically controllable device is on a first sheet of the lamination interlayer, in particular the assembly sheet, and localized heating brings this electrically controllable device into point contact with this first sheet of the lamination interlayer.

[0047] In one form, the (thermoplastic) plastic strip and this laminating interlayer are in contact or are spaced apart before lamination, for example by a distance of up to 5 mm or 1 mm, and after lamination (by reflow) the (thermoplastic) plastic strip and this laminating interlayer are in continuous contact with no distance between the back surface and the contact surface, and / or another plastic strip and this laminating interlayer are spaced apart before lamination, and after lamination the another plastic strip and this laminating interlayer are in continuous contact with no distance between the front surface of the device and the joining surface.

[0048] Preferably, the strip is a thermoplastic material based on (made of) poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular free of plasticizer, and has a thickness e3 of at most 0.15 mm, in particular 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm, or even at most 50 μm. Furthermore, the laminating interlayer contains a plasticizer, in particular is based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing more than 15% by weight of a conventional plasticizer, and in particular has a thickness of at most 0.3 mm, or at most 0.6 mm, and / or the further strip is a thermoplastic material based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight of a plasticizer, in particular is plasticizer-free, and this laminating interlayer is preferably based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing in particular more than 15% by weight of a plasticizer.

[0049] Preferably, the support is flexible, made of plastic and preferably transparent, preferably made of polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, or made of polyimide, in particular having a thickness of 25 to 150 μm, or even 50 to 100 μm. In a broader sense, the support may be made of a plastic material (in particular thermoplastics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene (PE), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyamide, polyimide, polyacrylate, polyester, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, or thermoplastic polyurethane).

[0050] In case one or more local cuts have been made in the support, the thermoplastic strip (the separate thermoplastic strip) can remain whole / intact or have local cuts.

[0051] Glazing having an electrically controllable device may include one or a number of other spaced apart electrically controllable devices, each of the devices having one plastic strip (or separate plastic strips) or having a common plastic strip (or separate plastic strips), for example along a portion of the laminated glazing or all along the edge of the laminated glazing.

[0052] When the support has a shape such as an L-shaped dog leg, the shape of the plastic strip (or another plastic strip) can be adjusted accordingly, or for simplicity, a strip can be used having a shape such as a rectangle, a square, etc. For example, in configurations with a rectangular strip and an L-shaped, F-shaped, E-shaped or comb-shaped first support, the plastic strip (or another plastic strip) can substantially protrude from the end face of this first support in the direction of the nearest edge of the first glazing.

[0053] The support may be sufficiently flexible (malleable) to conform to the curvature of the curved laminated glazing.

[0054] The support can be accompanied by a flat connector that extends up to and beyond the edge of the glazing. Flexible connectors that can adapt to the curvature of the glazing, including plastics, such as PEN or polyimide, are preferred. The width (dimension along the edge) of the flat connector is smaller than or equal to the dimension of the (diode) support, especially along the edge.

[0055] The (flexible) support may be localized, in particular in the peripheral area of ​​the laminated glazing (of the windshield), for example covering less than 10% of the laminated glazing.

[0056] After lamination, the preferably flexible support extends up to and protrudes from the edge face of the laminated glazing and may include an external power supply part that is folded back at face F4 (or F1), or a separate plastic strip protrudes from the edge face of one of the first and second glazings and is folded back at face F4 (or F1).

[0057] Thus, before lamination, a (thermoplastic) plastic strip (front or rear) can protrude from the edge face of one of the first and second glazings and is pre-attached to face F4 or F1 by means of an adhesive tape which is removed after lamination and is folded back on face F4 or F1.

[0058] In one embodiment, before placing the pre-assembled components together with another joining element, the lamination interlayer comprises a sheet, called the back sheet, which is the above-mentioned assembled sheet having a main surface F'x that is optionally placed against the back surface of the support, and this main surface F'x optionally includes the above-mentioned area Z'A, and another plastic strip, called the front plastic strip, is placed against the front surface and on an electrically controllable device comprising a set of individual thin parts, preferably e'2<0.15 mm, this front plastic strip optionally has through holes perpendicular to the individual parts, and after lamination the back sheet is in adhesive contact with the back surface, preferably with faces F2 and F3 in contact with the other plastic strip (front strip) (outside the device area). In another embodiment, before placing the preassembled components together with the joining elements and optionally further joining elements (before or after preassembly), the lamination interlayer comprises a sheet (of a coloured, wedge-shaped, acoustic multilayer, wired, PVB / PET / PVB composite assembly) called front sheet, which is optionally an assembled sheet as described above with a main face Fx that is placed against the front face of the electrically controllable device, in particular the front face of the support (in particular the support with the individual systems such as (opto)electronic components), and this main face Fx optionally comprises the above-mentioned area ZA. After lamination, the front (in particular single) sheet (face Fx) is in adhesive contact with the front face of the device, in particular with the exposed or covered front face of the support with the electric circuits etc.

[0059] When the laminate interlayer comprises a single sheet, the front sheet may be in adhesive contact with (the majority of) the other and contact surface of face F2 or F3.

[0060] When the laminated interlayer comprises a second sheet (especially an apertured sheet with a slot for accommodating a device) on face Fx, this second (apertured) sheet can be in adhesive contact with (the majority of) the contact surface and the front sheet can be in adhesive contact with (the majority of) the other of faces F2 or F3. The front sheet can have a blind slot in the area where the electrically controllable device extends into the slot of the second (apertured) sheet.

[0061] If the electrically controllable systems are also thick but discrete (point devices), the front sheet can be perforated for the electrically controllable systems, e.g., as described above, for diodes in the prior art mentioned above, or more broadly, for another electrically controllable system (such as an (opto)electronic component).

[0062] Thus, in a first embodiment, the main surface Fx of the front sheet comprises at least one through hole or blind hole, the width W1 of which is at most 20 mm, 15 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm or 2 mm and the length of which is at most 10 mm, 5 mm or 2 mm, which at least one through hole or blind hole accommodates an (opto)electronic component, in particular a photodiode or inorganic diode, called a discrete electrically controllable system (discrete system), the thickness of which is e'2>0.15 mm (intermediate layers must be cut out) and in particular of sub-millimeter size, at most 0.5 mm, the width W'2 of which is at most 20 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm or 2 mm and the length of which is at most 10 mm, 5 mm or 2 mm, and e2<0.15 mm and e3<0.15 mm.

[0063] The front sheet is in adhesive contact with the front surface of the support. In particular, the hole is wider than the area of ​​the electrically controllable system (optoelectronic component), preferably at most 0.5 mm or at most 0.1 mm wider. Optionally, the hole is a through hole and an optional further plastic strip between the joining surface and the front sheet is inserted into the through hole. of Cover each part.

[0064] Of course, the main surface Fx of the front sheet may contain as many holes as there are components on the support, or may have holes common to adjacent components on the support.

[0065] A further plastic strip or a front plastic strip (on the front surface) may be between the aperture sheet (through holes) and the contact surface, for example this sheet may extend beyond the edge of the support in order to protect the front surface of one or preferably several (optoelectronic) components.

[0066] In one embodiment having only a separate plastic strip (front plastic strip), the intermediate layer sheet is in adhesive contact with the rear surface on the rear side, and the separate plastic strip (front plastic strip) contains holes on the front surface and on or perpendicular to the components, limiting the number of contact areas.

[0067] The thin plastic strips allow parts of the glazing (such as sensors) to be closer together, which can improve performance.

[0068] The electrically controllable system is also thick, but if it is a surface system (with a relatively large area), it is preferably accommodated in a through or blind hole in the lamination interlayer. Thus, in a second form, before placing said preassembled components with said coupling elements and / or further coupling elements (before or after preassembly), the lamination interlayer comprises a sheet (single sheet, composite sheet, etc.) with an opening, thus comprising (blind or through) openings that accommodate all or part of the electrically controllable system and the support (at least all or part of the functional area between the glazings and all or part of the power supply area between the glazings, preferably an area different from the recess, i.e. the projected peripheral opening), and preferably surrounding all or part of the edge of the device. This apertured sheet has a main surface Fx which is free and optionally includes the above-mentioned area ZA (facing the contact surface after placement) or a main surface F'x which optionally includes the area Z'A (facing the joining surface after placement), a (thermoplastic) plastic strip faces this aperture, the height difference H1 between the surface Fx and the free surface of the plastic strip being at most 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm or 0.15 mm, and / or another plastic strip faces this aperture, the height difference H1 between the surface F'x and the free surface F' of the other plastic strip being at most 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm or 0.15 mm. L is a maximum of 0.3 mm.

[0069] In particular, the free face of the plastic strip is less than flush with this face, is flush with face Fx or protrudes (denotes a thickened portion) by a maximum of 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm or 0.15 mm.

[0070] In particular, the free face of the other plastic strip is less than flush with this face, is flush with face Fx or protrudes (denoting a thickened portion) by a maximum of 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm or 0.15 mm.

[0071] In particular, before laminating the pre-assembled components including the joining element and / or another joining element, the electrically controllable device protrudes from the apertured sheet (back or front of the support), the electrically controllable device and the main surface Fx are spaced apart by a non-zero height H2 greater than e2 (and less than e2+e'2), H2 being at most 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm or 0.15 mm, and the back protrudes from this apertured sheet. The method includes positioning an additional plastic, preferably a strip of thermoplastic (and of the same plastic as this plastic strip at the back) forming a frame for all or part of the end surface of the support, the thickness Ex being at most 0.15 mm and less than or equal to H2, and in contact with the end surface of the support or spaced apart from it by at most 1 mm or 0.5 mm and facing the area of ​​the apertured sheet.

[0072] The additional plastic strip has a free main surface F″ opposite the joining surface FC, this additional plastic strip optionally comprising a single strip or multiple stepped plastic strips, and Ex is the total thickness of these plastic strips, and during the lamination process this free surface of another plastic strip is adhesively contacted to the contact surface.

[0073] In particular, the joining surface FC can be in adhesive contact with the aperture sheet before placing said preassembled component between the first and second glazings, this adhesive contact being made by the tools already mentioned above for preassembly (softening, local heating, etc.). The holes or slots are for example blind in the first or second PVB.

[0074] In one form, the first glazing is the exterior glazing, the first face often referred to as face F1, the second face often referred to as face F2, and the second glazing is the interior glazing, the third face often referred to as face F3, and the fourth face often referred to as face F4, for example for a window in an automobile vehicle or building, or a door in a piece of furniture (such as a fixture).

[0075] In an alternative embodiment, for example for a window of an automobile vehicle or building, or a door of furniture (fittings, etc.), the first glazing is the exterior glazing, the first face often referred to as face F4, the second face often referred to as face F3, and the second glazing is the interior glazing, the third face often referred to as face F2, and the fourth face often referred to as face F1.

[0076] In one form, - the first and second glazings are made of mineral glass; the first glazing is made of mineral glass and the second glazing is made, for example, of a thinner (film) plastic, for example made of PC, PMMA or PET; or The second glazing is made of mineral glass and the first glazing is made, for example, of a thinner (film) plastic, for example made of PC, PMMA or PET.

[0077] A laminated glazing comprising an electrically controllable device according to the invention can form part of a double glazing (exterior glazing of a building or interior glazing of a building) or of a triple glazing.

[0078] For buildings, the laminated glazing may form part of a partition, part of a door for a service, part of a window, or part of a roof.

[0079] Another subject of the invention is a glazing with an electrically controllable device, in particular obtained by a manufacturing method as described above, this glazing including a laminated glazing comprising: - a first transparent glazing, often forming an exterior glazing, made of mineral glass or plastic, in particular curved, optionally clear, very clear or tinted, in particular grey or green, and preferably curved, having a first and a second main face, called face F1 and face F2 respectively, each main face being exposed or covered with a (transparent or opaque) in particular mineral layer (functional layer, single layer or multilayer etc., in particular a layer having a thickness of at most 50 μm or of a size less than a micrometer), the thickness of which for automotive glazing is preferably at most 2.5 mm, even at most 2.2 mm, in particular at most 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm, or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm; a second transparent glazing, often forming an inner glazing, in particular made of curved, preferably clear, very clear or even tinted mineral glass or plastic, having a third and a fourth main face, called face F3 and face F4 respectively, in particular F3 and F4, respectively, exposed or covered with a layer (functional layer, single layer or multilayer, etc., in particular a layer having a thickness of at most 50 μm or of a size less than a micrometer), the thickness of which, for automotive glazing, is less than that of the first glazing, even at most 2.2 mm, in particular at most 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm, or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm, the total thickness of the first and second glazing being preferably strictly less than 4 mm or even strictly less than 3.7 mm, Preferably, at least one of the first glazing and the second glazing is made of mineral glass, in particular F1, F2, F3 and F4, respectively, being exposed or in particular covered with a mineral layer (functional layer, single layer or multilayer etc., in particular a layer having a thickness of at most 50 μm or less in size); a lamination interlayer made of a thermoplastic polymer material, in particular made of one or more sheets, in particular having a main surface FA in adhesive contact with the second surface F2 and a main surface FB in adhesive contact with the surface F3, and in particular having a thickness e1 of less than a centimeter in size, whereby preferably a major portion of the surface F2 and a major portion of the surface F3 are in adhesive contact with this lamination interlayer, the thickness e1 being preferably at most 1.8 mm, more preferably at most 1.2 mm, even more preferably at most 0.9 mm (more preferably at least 0.3 mm, even more preferably at least 0.5 mm) for automobile glazing, in particular recessed from the edge of the first glazing and recessed from the edge of the second glazing by at most 2 mm, Preferably, at least one of the first glazing and the second glazing is made of mineral glass; and This laminated glazing comprises between faces F2 and F3: - an electrically controllable device, in particular comprising a support which is a strip (elongated, for example square, rectangular, L-shaped, T-shaped, comb-shaped, etc.), in particular having a width W2 of at most 1 m or at most 40 cm, even at most 20 cm, 10 cm or 5 cm, in particular having a thickness e2 of less than a millimeter size, even at most 0.15 mm, having a front face, a rear face and an end face, said front face being functionally in the area referred to as the functional area, an electrically controllable system, in particular having a thickness e'2 of preferably less than a millimeter in size, in particular a width W'2 of at most 5 cm or less than a centimeter in size (individual components, etc.) or substantially equal to W2 (surface system), said front face optionally comprising an electrical power supply area adjacent to the functional area, in particular with an extension protruding at the external opening or from the edge of the first glazing or the second glazing, said electrically controllable device being smaller than the lamination interlayer; area and thus the device is in the (particularly peripheral) area of ​​the glazing; - a polymeric bonding element which is a plastic strip having a thickness e3 of at most 0.3 mm, at most 0.25 mm, or even at most 0.15 mm, in particular 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm or even at most 50 μm, on the back surface, which is in adhesive contact with this back surface and with one of the surfaces F2 and F3, called contact surface, wherein the area of ​​this bonding element is smaller than the area of ​​the laminate interlayer, in particular having a width W3 of at least 0.8W2 or 0.9W2 and / or at most 1 m or at most 40 cm, or even at most 20 cm, 10 cm or 5 cm, and which is in contact with the laminate interlayer has an area smaller than and / or - another polymeric bonding element which is another plastic strip having a thickness e'3 of at most 0.3 mm, at most 0.25 mm, or even at most 0.15 mm, in particular 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm or even at most 50 μm, on its front side, which is in adhesive contact with this front side and with one of the faces F2 or F3, referred to as the joining surface, where this other bonding element has in particular a width W'3 of at least 0.8W2 or 0.9W2 and / or at most 1 m or at most 40 cm, or even at most 20 cm; - This separate bonding element is the laminate interlayer has an area smaller than .

[0080] Preferably, one or more of the following features are provided: the plastic strip comprises less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight and even more preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular a plasticizer-free thermoplastic, i.e. a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), and the lamination interlayer is in particular based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing more than 15% by weight of plasticizer; and / or - the separate plastic strip comprises less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight and even more preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular a plasticizer-free thermoplastic, i.e. a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), and the lamination interlayer is preferably based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) which contains in particular more than 15% by weight of plasticizer; - the transparent (thermoplastic) plastic strip exhibits a haze of less than 5% and is free of bubble defects (size less than 0.1 mm) and has a light transmission (LT) of at least 70%, 80% or 90%, and the assembly of the transparent support and the thermoplastic strip exhibits a LT of at least 70% and a haze of less than 5%, and / or the other transparent (thermoplastic) plastic strip exhibits a haze of less than 5% and is free of bubble defects (size less than 0.1 mm) and has a light transmission (LT) of at least 70%, 80% or 90%, and the assembly of the transparent support and the other thermoplastic strip exhibits a LT of at least 70% and a haze of less than 5%; - said plastic strip protrudes (by a maximum of 10 cm) from the rear surface on at least one side, and even on two sides, and is in adhesive contact with the laminate intermediate layer, and / or said further plastic strip protrudes (by a maximum of 10 cm) from the front surface on at least one side, and even on two sides, and is in adhesive contact with the laminate intermediate layer; the lamination interlayer is made of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), in particular a PVB having holes or slots containing electrically controllable devices, this lamination interlayer optionally being: - acoustic and / or wedge-shaped intermediate layers, in particular for vehicle windshields or roofs; - an intermediate layer, optionally with metal wires (for heating, etc.); or - an intermediate layer forming a PVB / functional plastic film composite element or a first PVB / functional plastic film / second PVB composite element, preferably a transparent functional plastic film such as polyester or PET, with a functional layer which is in particular electrically conductive, in particular a PVB with blind holes or slots in said first PVB.

[0081] Electrically Controllable system is in particular selected from: - Capacitive or inductive control switch ,antenna; - one or more, in particular individual (opto)electronic components (discrete components) (components surface-mounted on the front side of said support), in particular having a width W2<20 mm, in particular sensors, cameras, photodiodes or inorganic light-emitting diodes, including microLEDs; and - (l) the plastic strip and the lamination interlayer are in adhesive contact with the front surface of the support, in particular the lamination interlayer contains one or more (opto)electronic components, where e'2>0.15 mm and e2<0.15 mm, or even e3<0.15 mm, in the through openings or blind openings, preferably one opening is assigned to one (opto)electronic component, and any further connecting elements Lamination between the intermediate layer and the faying surface and covering the opening or openings; or - (m) a further plastic strip is present only on those devices without a plastic strip, optionally opening perpendicularly to one or more (opto)electronic components, where e'2<0.15 mm and e2<0.15 mm, or even e3<0.15 mm, and e3 is greater than or equal to e2, in particular where one hole is assigned to one (opto)electronic component and a lamination intermediate layer (preferably PVB) is in adhesive contact with the rear surface.

[0082] The sensor of the laminated glazing has in particular a width W'2 of at most 10 mm and / or a width of at most 2 mm or 1 mm and is chosen, for example, from one or more of the following sensors: - Typically 100mm 2 From 600mm 2 a rain detector (preferably in the wiper zone) of a size - cameras in the visible spectrum (anti-collision detectors, detectors that detect objects or people, whether moving or not) or infrared cameras (for example trapezoidal shaped anti-collision detectors, night vision, that detect objects or people, whether moving or not) or multiple cameras of the same type for stereoscopic imaging, in particular CCD (charge-coupled device) and CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) visual sensors; - one or more (typically six) light sensors, e.g. photodiodes, typically 1.2 x 1.4 mm 2 From 1.4×1.8mm 2 or optical sensors having a size up to or including 0.7 mm and a thickness e'2 of 0.7 mm and / or a width W'2 of 2 mm, for example APDS-9005 by AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES; - Thermometers, thermocouples, typically wires with a thickness of 0.5 mm or less; - alarm sensors (for detecting defects in the integrity of the glazing, etc.), typically with the size of a conductive wire with a diameter of 12 to 150 μm or with a conductive layer (on face F2 or F3); - Condensation detectors connected to heating elements (such as resistive heating) as anti-fog, anti-condensation or anti-frost devices, typically 100-200 cm 2 size and is incorporated, for example, in a rain detector; - antenna forming sensors, for example conductive wires, typically in the thickness range of 12 μm to 0.5 mm, for receiving and / or transmitting electromagnetic waves (radio waves, TV waves, in particular local communication networks such as Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®, WLAN, etc.), in particular located in a laminate or integrated in a polymer material (film, etc.); - acoustic sensors (based on piezoelectric elements); - an ultrasonic signal detector (for example based on a piezoelectric element), preferably on face F2; - diagnostic sensors based on (full-surface) conductive layers (sensors for diagnosing defects in laminated glazing of vehicles, in particular in windshields or side glazing); - Control detectors (for windshield wipers, etc.), e.g. infrared controlled or sound (piezoelectric) controlled detectors.

[0083] The electrically controllable system may be a surface system, in particular having a width W2 of at least 20 mm, even at least 50 mm, and in particular being selected from: - Surface light systems such as OLED organic light emitting systems (which can form emojis, etc.), TFEL (thin film electroluminescent elements) or quantum dot light emitting diodes, also known as QLEDs; - Digital signage systems (screens) using any technology, for example AMOLED technology; - (variable-scattering) liquid crystal systems, especially PDLC systems (top band of windshields, office partitions, etc.), light valves or electrochromic systems, especially those in which the laminate interlayer accommodates the device (via a slot); and / or (i) the plastic strip is on top of the electrically controllable device without a separate plastic strip, in particular the plastic strip protrudes and is in adhesive contact with a lamination interlayer, preferably in adhesive contact with the front surface of the support; or (j) the separate plastic strip is located above the electrically controllable device without the plastic strip, in particular the separate plastic strip protrudes and is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer, and the lamination interlayer is in adhesive contact with the back surface of the support; or (k) the plastic strip is on the electrically controllable device, in particular protruding and in adhesive contact with the laminate interlayer, and the other plastic strip is on the electrically controllable device, in particular protruding and in adhesive contact with the laminate interlayer (sheet).

[0084] For AMOLED screens, reference may be made to those described in patent publications WO 2017 / 115040, WO 2017 / 115041, WO 2017 / 115042, and WO 2017 / 115043.

[0085] For OLEDs forming emojis or illuminating them from behind (such as enamel), reference may be made to those described in patent documents WO 2017 / 103425 and WO 2017 / 103426.

[0086] With regard to liquid crystal systems, for example as partitions for residential use, reference may be made to those described in patent publications WO 2011 / 161391 and WO 2012 / 045973.

[0087] For liquid crystal systems, for example solar protection bands or light valves (SPDs) in windshields, reference can be made to those described in the patent documents DE 10 2013 001 334 A1, DE 10 2005 049 081 B3, DE 10 2005 007 427 A1, DE 10 2007 027 296 A1 and US 2015 / 0331296.

[0088] For the light-emitting touch switch, reference can be made to those described in patent documents WO 2018 / 002707 and WO 2018 / 002723.

[0089] A collimation optic (Fresnel lens, prism film, crossed prism film, film with a network of 2D patterns) can be used in front of the light source (LED, OLED, TFEL, QLED, etc.) of the selected electrically controllable device, preferably with no separate plastic strip or laminated interlayer between the collimation optic and the surface of the glass it is in contact with.

[0090] For the rear window, the assembly of light source and collimation optics can form a (third) stop lamp, or a turn (side indicator) light, a position indicator light, or a side light.

[0091] For example, the light source (for the rear window or front windshield) preferably emits (MV) red light and is in particular a preferably rectangular, peripheral and horizontal luminous strip; for example, the light source (for the rear window or front windshield) preferably emits (MV) yellow light and is in particular a preferably rectangular, peripheral and horizontal luminous strip, in particular horizontal on the lower or lateral border of the window.

[0092] Preferably, the light emitting system has the following features, preferably cumulatively: the light-emitting system is an organic light-emitting diode, i.e. a so-called OLED, in particular a transparent organic light-emitting diode (TOLED), or a quantum dot light-emitting diode, i.e. a so-called QLED; - the light-emitting system, in particular an OLED or QLED, is transparent and has a light transmission of at least 20%, even at least 50%; - a back-emitting OLED, in which the light-emitting system comprises a support (transparent or opaque or with an opaque layer) and, starting from the support on the front side, comprises in this order: an optional functional underlayer, a transparent anode, an organic light-emitting system or a reflective cathode.

[0093] OLEDs can also have an encapsulation layer that covers the assembly (active area): this layer can be, for example, a plastic film covered with a transparent resin or adhesive, which plastic film has conductive areas that can serve for electrical connection.

[0094] The light emitting system can be masked from the outside by a masking layer (such as enamel) on face F1 or F2.

[0095] The laminate interlayer can be formed, for example, from one or more sheets of a conventional PVB such as RC41 by Solutia or Eastman.

[0096] The laminated interlayer may have at least one so-called central layer, in particular made of a viscoelastic plastic with vibration-acoustic damping properties, based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and a plasticizer, and the intermediate layer further comprises two outer layers made of standard PVB, the central layer being between the two outer layers. As an example of an acoustic sheet, mention may be made of European Patent Application No. 0 844 075. Mention may be made of the acoustic PVBs described in patent applications WO 2012 / 025685 and WO 2013 / 175101, and in particular the colored PVBs described in WO 2015 / 079159.

[0097] The lamination interlayer may comprise an acoustic PVB and / or a tinted PVB, and in particular the lamination interlayer is at least partially PVB in its thickness, the tinted portion being at least (and at most) between the light emitting element (OLED, QLED, etc.) and face F2.

[0098] Preferably the inner glass in the laminated glazing, in particular the thin glass and with a thickness of less than 1.1 mm, is preferably chemically strengthened. This glass is preferably clear. Examples may be mentioned which are described in the patent applications WO 2015 / 031594 and WO 2015 / 066201,

[0099] In order to limit heating of the passenger compartment or to limit the use of air conditioning, the first glazing or at least one of the glazings (preferably the outer glass) is tinted. Furthermore, the glazing, in particular the laminated glazing, can also comprise a layer on face F4 or on faces F2 or F3 that reflects or absorbs solar radiation, in particular a transparent conductive layer, i.e. a so-called TCO layer, or a stack of thin layers including at least one TCO layer, or (preferably in F2 or F3 for laminated glazing) a stack of thin layers including at least one silver layer, this silver layer or each of the silver layers being arranged between dielectric layers.

[0100] It is also possible to simultaneously have a (silver-containing) layer on face F2 and / or F3 and a TCO layer on face F4. The TCO layer (of a transparent conductive oxide) is preferably made of fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO 2 :F) or a layer of indium tin mixed oxide (ITO).

[0101] Other layers can also be used, including thin layers based on indium zinc mixed oxide (called IZO), thin layers based on gallium-doped or aluminum-doped zinc oxide, thin layers based on niobium-doped titanium oxide, thin layers based on cadmium stannate or zinc stannate, or thin layers based on antimony-doped tin oxide. When aluminum-doped zinc oxide is used, the doping level (i.e. weight of aluminum oxide relative to total weight) is preferably less than 3%. When gallium is used, the doping level can be higher, typically in the range of 5-6%.

[0102] In the case of ITO, the atomic percentage of Sn is preferably in the range spanning 5-70%, in particular 10-60%. In layers based on fluorine-doped tin oxide, the atomic percentage of fluorine is preferably at most 5%, typically 1-2%.

[0103] ITO is particularly preferred, and especially SnO 2 :F are preferred. The use of a higher electrical conductivity allows the thickness to be made smaller for exactly the same emissivity level. These layers, which are easily deposited by cathode sputtering processes, and in particular by magnetron cathode sputtering processes, are characterized by having a lower roughness and are therefore less prone to contamination.

[0104] On the other hand, one advantage of using fluorine-doped tin oxide is that it can be easily deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which, unlike the cathode sputtering process, does not require a subsequent heat treatment and can be carried out on a float flat glass production line.

[0105] The term "emissivity" is understood to mean the normal emissivity at 283 K within the range defined by the EN12898 standard. Depending on the nature of the layer, the thickness of the low-emissivity layer (such as a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer) can be adjusted to obtain the desired emissivity depending on the desired thermal performance. The emissivity of the low-emissivity layer is, for example, 0.3 or less, in particular 0.25 or less, or even 0.2 or less. For layers made of ITO, the thickness is generally at least 40 nm, even at least 50 nm, and at least 70 nm, and often at most 150 nm or at most 200 nm. For layers made of fluorine-doped tin oxide, the thickness is generally at least 120 nm, or even at least 200 nm, and often at most 500 nm.

[0106] For example, the low emissivity layer may include the following sequence of layers: High index underlayer / Low index underlayer / TCO layer / optional dielectric coating layer.

[0107] As a preferred example of low emissivity layers (to be protected during the tempering process), the following can be selected: high index underlayer (<40 nm) / low index underlayer (<30 nm) / ITO layer / high index capping layer (5-15 nm) / low index barrier capping layer (<90 nm) / final layer (<10 nm).

[0108] Examples of low-emissivity layers on face F4 include those described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2015 / 0146286, in particular those described in Examples 1-3.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment, - the first and / or second glazing is tinted and / or the lamination interlayer is tinted over all or some (part of) its thickness; and / or - face F2 or face F3 or face F4 (preferably face F4) of the glazing roof is coated with a low-emissivity layer, in particular this low-emissivity layer comprises a transparent conductive oxide layer (i.e. a so-called TCO layer) and in particular a stack of thin layers comprising a TCO layer or a stack of thin layers comprising one or more silver layers; and / or - face F2 or face F3 or face F4 (preferably face F3) of the glazing roof is coated with a solar control layer, in particular this solar control layer comprises a transparent conductive oxide layer (i.e. a so-called TCO layer), in particular a stack of several thin layers comprising a TCO layer or a stack of thin layers comprising one or more silver layers; and / or - an additional pigmented film (such as a polymer film like polyethylene terephthalate (PET)) is present between face F2 and face F3 or on (bonded to) face F4 and also on face F1.

[0110] In particular, face F4 is covered with a transparent functional layer, in particular a low-emissivity layer, which preferably comprises a TCO layer including areas forming touch buttons (for controlling the first light-emitting areas) (areas through which power is supplied, and therefore electrodes).

[0111] A transparent (PET or similar) film with a functional layer on the face F2 (or as a variant on the face F3) can form a capacitive touch switch. A protective film can also be provided.

[0112] Of course, the invention relates to any vehicle, and in particular a motor vehicle, comprising at least one glazing as described above.

[0113] The diode may be a chip-on-board type diode, or highly preferably is a surface mounted device (SMD) including surrounding packaging.

[0114] The (chip-on-board or SMD) diode may not have any optical elements (on the semiconductor chip (either integrated in the material or not)), which allows for easier miniaturization. For example, the package is made of epoxy. The polymer package can optionally shrink during lamination (final thickness after lamination can be less than the initial thickness). The (polymer) package can be opaque.

[0115] Inorganic diodes are, for example, based on gallium phosphide, gallium nitride and / or aluminium gallium nitride.

[0116] As diodes, mention may be made of the Oslon Black Flat range sold by Osram. For red light, mention may be made of the Oslon Black Flat Lx H9PP diodes sold by Osram. For orange (amber) light, mention may be made of the LCY H9PP diodes sold by Osram. For white light, mention may be made of the LUW H9QP or KW HxL531.TE diodes sold by Osram, where x is the number of chips in the diode (for example 4 or 5).

[0117] Flexible printed circuit boards (PCBs) may include the Akaflex® range of products from Krempel (particularly PCL FW).

[0118] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [Brief description of the drawings]

[0119] [Figure 1-1] FIG. 1 is a front view of a laminated windshield for an automobile vehicle on a road, the windshield including an internal light emitting diode and OLED in a first embodiment. [Figure 1-2] FIG. 1bis shows a front view of a laminated windshield for a road car vehicle, which includes an internal light emitting signal by means of diodes and OLEDs in a variant of the first embodiment. [Figure 1-3] FIG. 1' is a front view of a laminated windshield for an automobile vehicle on a road, the windshield including internal light emitting signals by diodes and OLEDs in a variation of the first embodiment. [Figure 1-4] FIG. 1″ is a schematic front view of a laminated rear window with an external emission signal in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2-1] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glazing with an internal luminescent signal in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2-2] FIG. 2' is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated glazing with diodes in a variant embodiment of FIG. 2 with its collimation optics for an internal display. [Figure 2-3] FIG. 2a is a top view of the collimation optics. [Figure 2-4] FIG. 2b is an overview of the collimation optics. [Figure 2-5] FIG. 2bis shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated glazing with a diode in a variant embodiment of FIG. [Figure 2-6]FIG. 2" shows a surface mount diode mounted on a diode support. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glazing incorporating an (opto)electronic component in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a laminated glazing having a diode together with a diode support. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device using a laminated interlayer and with point adhesive contacts. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device using a laminated interlayer and with point bonded contacts. [Figure 7-1] FIG. 7 is a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device with plastic strips and using point adhesive contacts. [Figure 7-2] FIG. 7a is a front view showing a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device with plastic strips and using point adhesive contacts. [Figure 7-3] FIG. 7b is a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device with plastic strips and using point adhesive contacts. [Figure 8-1] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-assembly of the electrically controllable device, rear plastic strip, and interlayer prior to placement and lamination between the glass sheets. [Figure 8-2] FIG. 8' is a cross-sectional view of the pre-assembly of the device, rear plastic strip, and lamination interlayer prior to placement and lamination between the glass sheets. [Figure 9-1] FIG. 9a shows a front view of the F1 side of a laminated glazing having an electrically controllable, eg surface, device such as an OLED for light-emitting functions (optionally forming glyphs) or an OLED screen. [Figure 9-2] FIG. 9b shows a cross section of the glazing of FIG. 9a. [Figure 9-3]FIG. 9c shows a front view of the F1 side of the laminated glazing with an electrically controllable, eg surface, device such as an OLED for light-emitting functions (optionally forming glyphs) or an OLED screen. [Figure 9-4] FIG. 9d shows a cross section of the glazing of FIG. 9c. [Figure 10-1] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-assembly of the electrically controllable device, plastic strip and interlayer prior to placement and lamination between glass sheets to form the laminated glazing of FIG. 9d. [Figure 10-2] FIG. 10' is a cross-sectional view of a pre-assembly of the electrically controllable device, plastic strip and interlayer prior to placement and lamination between glass sheets to form the laminated glazing of FIG. 9d. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0120] The elements in the drawings are not to scale and the drawings are schematic.

[0121] FIG. 1 shows a windshield 1000 for an automobile vehicle (as viewed from inside the vehicle) traveling on a three lane road with a vehicle ahead.

[0122] The windshield is a laminated glazing with an internal luminous signal and includes: - a first set of six diodes 4 on the front surface 30 of a first printed circuit board, called PCB3, integrated between the outer glazing and the inner glazing 1' of the laminated glazing, these diodes being arranged in a row, along the lower longitudinal edge, in an area of ​​clear glass in the edge area of ​​the windshield, optionally in or close to a peripheral masking area (opaque enamel, etc.) of the outer glazing (masking not shown) or, in a variant, in an area of ​​the outer and / or inner glazing having alternating masking areas (opaque layers, such as opaque enamel) and transparent areas (facing the diodes); - a second set of six diodes 4 on the front surface 30 of a second printed circuit board, called PCB3, integrated between the outer glazing and the inner glazing 1' of the laminated glazing, these diodes being arranged in a row and located in an area of ​​clear glass in the area of ​​the edge of the windshield, along its (left) lateral edge, in particular the edge on the driver's side, optionally in or close to a peripheral masking area (opaque enamel, etc.) of the outer glazing or, in a variant, in an area of ​​the outer and / or inner glazing having alternating masking areas (opaque layers, such as opaque enamel) and transparent areas (facing the diodes); - a third set of six diodes 4 on the front surface 30 of a third printed circuit board, called PCB3, integrated between the outer glazing and the inner glazing 1' of the laminated glazing, the diodes being arranged in a row and located in an area of ​​clear glass in the area of ​​the edge of the windshield, along the (right-hand) lateral edge, in particular the passenger side edge, optionally in or close to a peripheral masking area (opaque enamel, etc.) of the outer glazing or in an area of ​​the outer and / or inner glazing having alternating masking areas (opaque layers, such as opaque enamel) and transparent areas (facing the diodes).

[0123] These diodes, especially the diodes in the first assembly, can emit a red light to warn the driver when a preceding vehicle (or any other vehicle or animal) is detected as being too close. When the preceding vehicle is far enough away (observed to be at a safe distance), the diode goes off.

[0124] These diodes, especially those of the second assembly, can emit a red light to warn the driver when another vehicle (or any other vehicle or animal) is detected too close, especially to the left side of the vehicle. The signal light can also change from one color (e.g. orange or amber) when the vehicle is at a dangerous distance to another color, e.g. red, when the distance becomes shorter and more dangerous.

[0125] In these cases, as many diodes as necessary are provided, for example in a row with alternating red and orange diodes, or in a row for each color, and it is also possible to have at least three signal levels (three colors).

[0126] The vehicle may incorporate at least one sensor (preferably one sensor for each set of diodes) to detect these unsafe conditions (non-compliance with safety distances or other) and may incorporate at least one controller to handle the diodes.

[0127] The diodes do not have to be in a row, in particular parallel to the edge of the glazing. These PCBs 3 with the diodes 4 are, for example, on the driver's side in the lower part of the quarter.

[0128] If necessary, the front windshield comprises a set of almost invisible, e.g. 50 μm thick, metal wires arranged in the form of lines, optionally straight, on a surface, e.g. on the surface F3 side of the laminate interlayer (over its entire surface).

[0129] Here, the PCBs 3 are preferably transparent, since they are in a clear glass area.

[0130] The PCBs 3 are each bonded to a thin and transparent (rear) thermoplastic strip, the thickness e3 of which is at most 0.15 mm and preferably less than 100 μm, the same size as the PCB, which is bonded to the rear side of the substrate (facing face F2) and whose entire surface is in adhesive contact with face F2, referred to as the contact surface.

[0131] Prior to lamination, each PCB 3 and the rear transparent thermoplastic strip form a pre-assembled component, the manufacture of which will be described in more detail below.

[0132] As a variant, a thin and transparent thermoplastic strip of at most 0.15 mm and preferably less than 100 μm, the same size as the PCB, is bonded to the front surface 30 of the substrate (facing the face F3) and is in adhesive contact with the face F3, called the bonding face, over its entire surface. This front surface strip can be provided with openings perpendicular to the diodes or other alternative discrete (opto)electronic components (sensors, etc.) or additionally very thin components, for example with a thickness of e′2<0.15 mm. Before lamination, this front transparent thermoplastic strip forms a preassembled component. The manufacture of this preassembled component is explained in more detail hereafter.

[0133] The windshield further includes two separate surface electrically controllable devices, here rectangular in shape 4' and 4", such as OLED screens along the middle and bottom and top longitudinal edges of the windshield. These screens are, for example, transparent and in the clear glass areas.

[0134] In one form, a thin thermoplastic strip, which may or may not be transparent, called the front strip, has a thickness e3 of at most 0.15 mm and preferably at most 100 μm and is the same size as the OLED, which is bonded to the front side of the OLED screen (light emitting system side) and is in adhesive contact with the entire surface of the strip to a face F3, called the joining face (which may be exposed or covered). Before lamination, the OLED screen and this front transparent thermoplastic strip form a pre-assembled component. The manufacture of this pre-assembled component is explained in more detail below.

[0135] In one additional or alternative embodiment, a thin transparent thermoplastic strip, called the back strip, has a thickness e'3 of at most 0.15 mm, and preferably at most 100 μm, and is the same size as the OLED, which is bonded to a surface of the OLED support (the substrate of the support is preferably flexible, in particular polyester, PET), and is in adhesive contact with the entire surface of the strip, F2, surface 12, called the contact surface (which may be exposed or covered). Before lamination, the OLED screen and this transparent thermoplastic strip of the back form a pre-assembled component. The manufacture of this pre-assembled component is explained in more detail hereafter.

[0136] Before lamination, the devices 4', 4" and before The front and / or rear transparent thermoplastic strips form a pre-assembled component, the manufacture of which is described in more detail below.

[0137] The laminated glazing may (or may not) be provided with light-emitting touch buttons to control, for example, an OLED screen or other device. before It may be preassembled with plastic strips on the front and / or back.

[0138] Alternatively, a light-emitting stacked roof with diodes and / or OLEDs, QLEDs, or TEFLs can be fabricated in a similar manner to provide, for example, ambient, decorative, or reading light facing face F4.

[0139] Collimation optics can be used on the front surface, and preferably there is no front plastic strip or laminate interlayer between the collimation optics and the surface of the glass it contacts.

[0140] FIG. 1bis shows another windshield for an automobile vehicle, this windshield 1000 including a light signal as a variation of the first embodiment.

[0141] This windshield differs from that of Figure 1 in that the three PCBs 3 are in a more peripheral position and may be opaque (opaque supports and / or opaque conductive tracks). Face 12, F2, comprises the entire masking frame, preferably made of black enamel, and face 14, F4 (or face 13, F3) comprises a masking frame 72, preferably made of black enamel, with an opening 70 aligned with the diode 4.

[0142] In this embodiment, the front or rear thermoplastic assembly strip 5 may be transparent (colored or otherwise) or opaque. This strip 5 is in adhesive contact with a masking layer 71.

[0143] Furthermore, an OLED screen 4' below the windshield is in the area with the enamel, and an opening 70 is made perpendicular to the screen 4'.

[0144] FIG. 1' is a front view of a windshield for an automobile vehicle on a road, the windshield 1000' including an internal or external light emitting signal using diodes in a variation of the first embodiment.

[0145] This windshield differs from that of FIG. 1 in the arrangement and type of signals.

[0146] A first set of diodes 4c on a PCB-like support 30c form a triangle, possibly with an exclamation mark in the middle, thus forming a danger signal.

[0147] A second and third set of diodes 4a and 4b on respective PCB-like supports 30a and 30b form an arrow which is shown when a turn signal (left or right, respectively) is engaged.

[0148] These indicators, which are side direction indicators, may be visible from the outside (external signal). The left indicator may be shifted as far to the left as possible (if it is in a masking area on face F2 with an opening perpendicular to the diode) or may be divided into two, and the right indicator may be shifted as far to the right as possible (if it is in a masking area on face F2 with an opening perpendicular to the diode) or may be divided into two.

[0149] Each PCB 30a, 30b and 30c is bonded to a thin thermoplastic strip, the thickness e3 of which is at most 0.15 mm and is the same size as the PCB, which is bonded to the rear side of the substrate (facing F2) and whose entire surface is in adhesive contact with surface F2, referred to as the contact surface.

[0150] Prior to lamination, each PCB 30a, 30b and 30c and the thermoplastic strips form a pre-assembled component.

[0151] If in the clear glass area, the PCBs 30a, 30b and 30c and the thermoplastic strips are preferably thin and transparent. It is also possible to envisage transferring them to a surrounding masking frame in a manner similar to that of FIG.

[0152] Additionally, an OLED screen 4'' in the central upper peripheral portion of the windshield is in a central wider enamel area 72, and an opening 70 is made perpendicular to the screen.

[0153] FIG. 1″ is a schematic front view (face F1 or face 12 side) of a rear window with an external light emission signal 100″ in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0154] In the central region 13' a third stop light 101 is formed, for example, by six red diodes 4 on a PCB 3 along the top longitudinal edge.

[0155] In each of the lateral regions 14', the indicator 102 is formed, for example, by six yellow emitting diodes 4 on the PCB 3 along the lateral edge in question, or the signal light 103 is formed, for example, by six diodes 4 on the PCB 3 along the lower longitudinal edge in question.

[0156] Each PCB3 is bonded to a thin thermoplastic strip, the thickness e3 of which is at most 0.15 mm and is the same size as the PCB, which is bonded to the rear side of the substrate (facing F3) and which is in adhesive contact with the entire surface F3, called the contact surface.

[0157] Before lamination, each PCB 3 and the thermoplastic strip form a pre-assembled component.

[0158] If in a clear glass area, these PCBs 3 and thermoplastic strips are preferably thin and transparent. It is also possible to envisage transferring them to a surrounding masking frame in a manner similar to that of FIG.

[0159] The rear window further includes another surface electrically controllable device, here rectangular in shape 4', such as an OLED device in the middle and along the bottom long edge of the windshield, the OLED being, for example, transparent and in the clear glass area.

[0160] In one form, a thin thermoplastic strip, which may or may not be transparent, called the front strip, has a thickness e3 of at most 0.15 mm and preferably at most 100 μm and is the same size as the OLED, this strip is bonded to the front side of the OLED (light emitting system side) and its entire surface is in adhesive contact with a face F3, called the bonding face. Before lamination, the OLED and this front transparent thermoplastic strip form a pre-assembled component.

[0161] In one additional or alternative embodiment, a thin transparent thermoplastic strip, called rear strip, has a thickness e'3 of at most 0.15 mm, and preferably at most 100 μm, and is the same size as the OLED, which is bonded to a surface of the OLED support (the substrate of the support is preferably flexible, in particular polyester, PET), and is in adhesive contact with the entire surface of the strip to a surface F2, called the contact surface. Before lamination, the OLED and this rear transparent thermoplastic strip form a pre-assembled component. Before lamination, the device 4 and the front and / or rear transparent thermoplastic strip form a pre-assembled component.

[0162] Alternatively, in a similar manner, laminated glazing can be manufactured to form side glazing (fixed or aperture) having external light emitting signals, such as indicator side directional indicators, or, for example, advertising, informational, or decorative displays.

[0163] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an interior front windshield having an illuminating signal 100 in a first embodiment of the present invention, the windshield comprising a curved laminated glazing including: a first glazing 1, preferably tinted, for example made of TSA glass and having a thickness of 2.1 mm, forming an outer glazing, having first and second main faces 11, 12, called faces F1 and F2 respectively, and an end face 10; a preferably clear laminate intermediate layer 2 made of a polymer material, here PVB, the thickness e1 of which is of the order of magnitude of a millimeter and is preferably in particular between 0.2 mm and 1 m, usually around 0.38 mm, for example a PVB sheet (RC41 from the company Solutia or Eastman) with a thickness of around 0.76 mm or, if necessary as a variant, for example an acoustic PVB (three- or four-layer) with a thickness of around 0.81 mm, in which face FB facing face F3 optionally carries a set of metal wires, in particular (substantially) covering the face facing the diode or diodes; a second glazing 1' forming an inner glazing, with third and fourth main faces 13, 14, called face F3 and face F4 respectively, face F4 being optionally coated with a functional layer (such as a low-emissivity layer (low-E layer)), for example made of TSA or clear or very clear glass, and with a thickness of 2.1 mm or a thickness of 1.6 mm or even less, Here, faces F2 and F3 are the internal faces 12, 13 of the laminated glazing; - a set of a number of inorganic light emitting diodes 4, e.g. red emitting surface mounted devices (SMD), on a support such as a PCB 3 having end faces 34, where the PCB+diode assembly has a total thickness et2≦e1, preferably e1-et2 at most 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm, the diodes having a thickness e2 of less than a millimeter, often greater than 0.15 mm, and the PCB 3 having a thickness e'2 at most 0.15 mm, e.g. 50 to 100 μm, this PCB 3 having a front face 30 facing face F3 and a back face 30' facing face F2 or face 12, each diode having a light emitting surface emitting in the direction of the inner glazing 1' and each diode having an end face.

[0164] For each of the diodes, the lamination interlayer comprises an area 21 with an opening, where the opening is a through opening surrounding and in contact with the end face of the diode. Before lamination, a through hole is made in the single PVB sheet, the width of which is slightly larger at the side of the diode 4. During lamination by reflow, the PVB can be brought into contact with the diode 4 without the front face of the diode being in contact with the face F3.

[0165] A variant is to use a PVB with blind holes, or to use this sheet with through holes, and add (between F3 and the aperture sheet, called front sheet) the whole surface of the PVB, or the whole surface of a PVB / functional PET / PVB back sheet (to insert other thicker elements for other functions), so that after lamination the diode is in the blind aperture, with the front surface preferably in contact with the bottom of the hole, or spaced away from it by at most 0.2 mm, or at most 0.1 mm.

[0166] The diode 4 (here comprising a single semiconductor chip) is square in shape and approximately 5 mm or less wide. The diode may be of the chip-on-board type, or highly preferably is a surface mounted device (SMD) including peripheral packaging.

[0167] Here, in the clear glass areas, one can choose a flexible PCB 3 (with a minimum width or transparent) that is as thin as possible and preferably as separate as possible, for example a PCB 3 comprising a transparent film such as PET, PEN or polyimide, and for the printed circuit one can choose transparent bonding tracks (rather than tracks made of copper, unless they are made thin enough). The PCB can protrude from the edge of the laminated glazing.

[0168] The lamination interlayer 2 is present in the lamination glazing between face F3 and the front face of PCB 3 over the whole of the front face of the PCB except for the diodes. The lamination interlayer 2 is absent on the rear face 30'.

[0169] Before lamination, the PCB 3 is bonded to a thin thermoplastic strip 5, the thickness e3 of which is at most 0.15 mm, in particular 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm or even at most 50 μm, and which is either coextensive with the PCB or protrudes slightly from the edge face 34 as shown here, the front face 50 of which is bonded to the back face 30' of the substrate (facing towards F3) and the back face 50' of which is in adhesive contact with face 12, face F2, called the contact face.

[0170] Before lamination, each PCB 3 and thermoplastic strip 5 forms a pre-assembled component.

[0171] The thermoplastic strip is based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular free of plasticizer. The lamination interlayer is made of conventional poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB).

[0172] In particular, "MOWITAL LP BF" by Kuraray can be selected for PVB strips that are free of plasticizers and have the desired thickness e3.

[0173] In one variation, another plastic strip of similar size, properties and thickness e'3 is added between face F3, face 13, and face 20 of the PVB to protect the diode.

[0174] As shown in FIG. 2″, each diode is an electronic component that includes at least one semiconductor chip 41 and has a polymer or ceramic peripheral package 42 that encapsulates the edges of the electronic component (and defines the edges of the diode), which package surrounds the semiconductor chip.

[0175] The package corresponds to a maximum thickness (height) e2 of the diode. The package is made of, for example, epoxy. The polymer package can optionally shrink during lamination (final thickness after lamination can be less than the initial thickness). The (polymer) package can be opaque.

[0176] The package (monolithic or two-part) may include a part 42 forming the support with the chip, and a part forming the reflector that is higher than the chip and grows away from the support, and may include a protective resin and / or a material with color conversion function. The front surface 40 may be defined as the surface of this material covering the chip that is set back from or flush with the "front" surface of the reflector.

[0177] The diode may include a protective resin and / or a material with color conversion function just above the semiconductor chip. The semiconductor chip may be embedded in a material (such as a resin).

[0178] Fig. 2' is a schematic cross-sectional view of the diode-based luminescent laminated glazing of the variant embodiment of Fig. 2 with the addition of a collimation optical element 8, here a prism film 81 with continuous prisms at the output face 80 and with a back face 80' at the front face of the diode 4, housed in a hole 21 in the PVB, which prism film is held by a protrusion 82 at the front face of the PCB support 3. Fig. 2a is a top view of the collimation optical element, here a prism film, with continuous prisms 80 and end faces 85. Fig. 2b is an overview of the prism film with continuous prisms 80.

[0179] Examples of collimation optical elements such as Fresnel lenses or prism films are described in WO 2017 / 203171 (e.g., Fig. 3a and Figs. 2'a-2'c). Examples of collimation optical elements such as two crossed prism films or a two-dimensional array are described in WO 2017 / 203175 (e.g., Figs. 2'a-2'c and Figs. 1'a-1'z).

[0180] FIG. 2bis is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated glazing 200a using diodes according to the variant embodiment of FIG.

[0181] It differs from FIG. 2 in that the plastic strip 5 rests on the masking enamel on face 12, face F2, and an opening 72' perpendicular to the diode has been created in the masking enamel 72 of face 14, face F4.

[0182] For example, the front surface of the substrate is bonded to the PVB by points of adhesive 6' prior to lamination.

[0183] Although the invention has been described in relation to diodes, the invention is also suitable for other discrete electrically controllable devices such as sensors (photodiodes, cameras, etc.).

[0184] 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glazing 300 incorporating an (opto)electronic component such as a sensor, according to an embodiment of the present invention. As already explained in the previous figures, the support 3 is connected to the contact surface 13, here surface F3, by means of a thermoplastic strip, for example a thin and transparent PVB. In particular, the support 3 continues beyond the PVB to the edge surface via portion 51 and is folded back at surface 14, surface F4, by portion 52, and the strip 5 is connected to the edge surface and surface F4. A connector 53 is connected to the end of portion 52.

[0185] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminescent laminated glazing 400 using diodes of the variant embodiment of Figure 2. It differs in that the support 3 is L-shaped with a diode area 31 and a power supply area 32, which has an extension 33 protruding from the edge 10' of the glazing 1' for connecting with the wires 9, 9' and is partially masked with enamel 7. The rear plastic strip 5 (shown for illustrative purposes) has the same shape, i.e. L-shaped, e.g. the PVB is set back from the edge 10'.

[0186] Figure 5 shows a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device 500 using a laminated interlayer and with point adhesive contacts. Figure 5 shows the point adhesive contact of the front surface 50 of a thin rear plastic strip 5, preferably transparent, of square or rectangular shape, locally, with the bonding surface 20' of the PVB rear sheet 2, which is intended to contact the surface 12, the contact surface F2, or the joining surface F3, of the glazing (edge ​​surface 10 is shown). The support 3 for the diode 4 is rectangular in shape and protrudes from the edge surface 10. The front surface 50 of the plastic strip 5 abuts the rear surface of the diode support, and the plastic strip 5 protrudes from the edge surface 34. This point adhesive contact is achieved by an arrangement of point contacts 60 on either side of the diode area 31 between the PVB and the protruding strip 5. To achieve this, the PVB and / or the plastic strip 5 are softened by point local heating or by using a solvent such as alcohol.

[0187] Figure 6 is a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device 600 using a laminated interlayer and point adhesive contacts. This pre-assembly differs from Figure 5 in that the support is L-shaped, as is the rear plastic strip 5, which is preferably thin and transparent.

[0188] Figure 7 is a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device 700 with a plastic strip and using point adhesive contacts. This pre-assembly differs from Figure 6 in that the strip 5 does not protrude from the end face 34. This point adhesive contact is achieved by an arrangement of point contacts 60 on either side of the diode region 31 between the back side 30' of the PCB 3 and the strip 5, and on the opposite side of the power supply region 32 to the diode region 31. To achieve this, the plastic strip 5 is softened by point localized heating.

[0189] Figure 7a shows a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device 700a with a plastic strip 5 and using point adhesive contacts. This pre-assembly differs from Figure 7 in that the support is T-shaped and the local thin plastic strip 5 is also T-shaped.

[0190] Figure 7b shows a front view of a pre-assembly of an electrically controllable device 700b with plastic strips and using point adhesive contacts, which differs from figure 7 in that the support is U-shaped and therefore has two protrusions 33, 33' protruding from the glazing and the local thin plastic strip 5 is likewise U-shaped.

[0191] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-assembly 800 of the electrically controllable device, local back plastic strip 5, and lamination interlayer 2 prior to placement and lamination between glass sheets.

[0192] The front surface 50 of the thin and transparent rear plastic strip 5 is adhesively contacted to the rear surface 30' of the support 3 for the diodes 4 via an array of contacts 60 created by localized heating 7. The front surface 30 of the support for the diodes is adhesively contacted to the face 20' of the PVB 2 via an array of contacts 60' created by localized heating 7. This PVB comprises individual through holes 21 which accommodate the diodes 4. As a variant, the through holes may be blind holes and the PVB may be a PCB / PET / PVB assembly.

[0193] 8' is a cross-sectional view of a pre-assembly 800' of electrically controllable devices, rear plastic strips and lamination interlayers prior to placement and lamination between glass sheets. The front surface 50 of the thin and transparent rear plastic strip 5 is adhesively contacted to the surface 20' of the PVB 2, called the bonding surface, via an arrangement of contacts 60a created by localized heating. The front surface 50 of the thin and transparent rear plastic strip 5 is adhesively contacted to the rear surface 30' of the support 3 for the diodes via an arrangement of contacts 6 created by localized heating.

[0194] Optionally, the front surface 30 of the support 3 for the diodes is brought into point adhesive contact with the surface 20' of the PVB 2, the PVB 2 having individual through holes 21 that accommodate the diodes 4, via an array of contacts 6' created by localized heating.

[0195] Figure 9a shows a front view of the F1 side of a laminated glazing with a device 900 such as an OLED or OLED screen for electrically controllable, e.g. surface, light-emitting functions (optionally forming pictograms). Figure 9b shows a cross section of this glazing. It is for example a windshield with an OLED or OLED screen 4 in the form of a pictogram, or a roof with an OLED. It may also be a building glazing.

[0196] The luminescent laminated glazing is curved and includes: - a first glazing 1, preferably tinted, for example made of TSA glass and having a thickness of 2.1 mm, forming an outer glazing, having a first and second main surface 11, 12, called surface F1 and surface F2 respectively, and an edge surface 10, where surface F2 is optionally coated with a functional layer (such as a masking layer); a second glazing 1' forming an inner glazing, having third and fourth main faces 13, 14, called face F3 and face F4 respectively, for example made of TSA (or clear or very clear) glass and having a thickness of 2.1 mm or a thickness of 1.6 mm or even less, face F4 optionally being coated with a functional layer (such as a low-E layer) and / or face F3 optionally being coated with a functional layer (masking layer, heating layer, low-emissivity layer, etc.); - between faces F2 and F3, a preferably clear lamination interlayer 2 made of a polymer material, here PVB, the thickness e1 of which is a thickness of sub-millimeter dimensions and is preferably in particular between 0.2 mm and 1 m, usually around 0.38 mm, where the lamination interlayer is, for example, composed of a first overall sheet 2a which is in adhesive contact with face F3, face 13, after lamination, and of a PVB 2b with a second opening provided with a slot 25 and lying on the first sheet, the second sheet being in adhesive contact with face F2, face 12, after lamination, and in adhesive contact with the first sheet, Here, faces F2 and F3 are the internal faces 12, 13 of the laminated glazing; - an OLED 4 including a support 3 and a front-side light-emitting system housed in a slot 25, where the thickness of e2+e'2 is smaller than the thickness of the aperture sheet 2b; a strip of thermoplastic, in particular plasticizer-free PVB, the thickness e3 of which is at most 0.3 mm and which is coextensive with the OLED, whereby said strip is bonded to the OLED (on the side of the support or on the front side of the light-emitting system) and whereby the entire rear surface of said strip is in adhesive contact with face 12, which is face F2.

[0197] The thermoplastic strip is based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular free of plasticizer. In particular, the product "MOWITAL LP BF" by Kuraray can be selected for the PVB strip free of plasticizer and having the desired thickness e3.

[0198] The lamination interlayer is made of ordinary poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB). It is an acoustic, wedge-shaped (for head-up displays) PVB / functional PET / PVB composite. The entire sheet may in particular be an acoustic, wedge-shaped (for head-up displays) PVB / functional PET / PVB composite. The sheet with openings is in particular coloured. A variant is to use a single PVB with blind holes.

[0199] Before lamination (and before placement between the two glazings), the plastic strip 5 is assembled with the OLED 4 by localized heating resulting in point adhesive contact or by bonding (by adhesive or double-sided tape), and the OLED 4 is optionally assembled with the whole sheet 2a, for example by localized heating.

[0200] Here, the OLED 4 emits light towards face F4 (internal light) and the OLED emits light through the OLED support 3 (this is bottom emission). Thus, the plastic strip 5 is on the front side of the OLED on the light emitting system (which may or may not have a polymer encapsulant).

[0201] Here, OLED4 emits light in the direction of face F4 (internally lit) and the OLED is top-emitting, so the plastic strip is on the back side of support 3 and thus on the opposite side to the light-emitting system (which may or may not have a polymer encapsulant).

[0202] Figure 9c shows a front view of the F1 side of a laminated glazing with an electrically controllable device, such as an OLED or an active matrix OLED (AMOLED) screen for, for example, a surface, light-emitting function (optionally forming glyphs), and Figure 9d shows a cross section of this glazing.

[0203] This glazing 900' differs from the glazing of FIG. 9 in the following ways: - for example, for luminous signals (side direction indicators, etc.) on the rear window, side window or windshield, light is emitted from the side of face 11, which is face F1; and An OLED 4 emerges from the sheet 2b with an aperture on the side of face 12, which is face F2.

[0204] Therefore, to compensate for the thickness difference H between the PVB 2b and the F2 side of the OLED 4, a PVB frame 5a made of the same plastic material as the plastic strip 5 surrounds the OLED.

[0205] If H is large (e.g. at least 0.15 mm), a plastic frame strip with multiple steps can be used. As a variant, if H<0.15 mm, the plastic strip 5 is selected to protrude beyond the PVB and is preassembled with the PVB 2b, for example by means of localized heating. As a variant, a single PVB with blind holes is used.

[0206] The laminate interlayer is made of conventional poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB). It is an acoustic, wedge-shaped (for head-up displays) PVB / functional PET / PVB composite. The entire sheet may in particular be a pigmented, acoustic, wedge-shaped (for head-up displays) PVB / functional PET / PVB composite. The sheet with the openings is in particular pigmented.

[0207] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-assembly 900 of an electrically controllable device, a plastic strip, and a lamination interlayer prior to placement and lamination between glass sheets, for example to form the glazing 900' of FIG. 9d.

[0208] The front surface 50 of the thin, transparent plastic strip 5 is brought into point-bonded contact with the rear surface of the support 3 for the diodes 4 via an array of contacts 60 created by localized heating 7 resulting in softening and adhesion. The front surface 30 of the OLED 4 is optionally brought into point-bonded contact with the face 20 of the PVB bulk sheet 2a via an array of contacts 60b created by the same localized heating 7.

[0209] The front surface 50a of a plastic frame 5a of similar material to the strip 5 is brought into point adhesive contact with the face 20 of the PVB overall sheet 2b through an array of contacts 60a produced by localized heating 7. This preassembled component is then placed between the two glazings so that, after lamination, the free faces of the two sheets 2a and 2b are in adhesive contact with the faces F2 and F3 (which may be exposed or covered with a layer) and the free face of the plastic strip 5, 5a is also in adhesive contact with one of the faces F2 or F3 (which may be exposed or covered with a layer) as desired, after lamination.

[0210] Figure 10' is a cross-sectional view of a pre-assembly 900' of an electrically controllable device, a plastic strip and an interlayer before placement and lamination between glass sheets, for example to form a variant of the glazing 900' of Figure 9d. One of the two plastic strips is called the rear strip 5, which is on the rear side of the support, and the other is called the front strip 5', which is on the front side of the device 4 (such as an OLED). These two strips are pre-assembled and protrude beyond the lamination interlayer 2b (of PVB composite or PVB) which has a slot 25 to accommodate the electrically controllable device 4.

[0211] The front side of the rear plastic strip 5 is brought into point bonded contact with the rear side 30' of the support 3 for the diode 4, optionally via an array of point contacts 60 caused by localized heating 7 resulting in softening and bonding.

[0212] The front surface 50 of the rear plastic strip 5 is brought into point bonded contact with the face 20 of the PVB 2b via an array of point contacts 60a caused by localized heating 7 which results in softening and bonding.

[0213] The front side of the front plastic strip 5' is brought into point-bonded contact with the other side 20' of the PVB 2b, optionally via an array of point contacts 60" caused by localized heating 7 that results in softening and bonding. The same heating as for side 20 can be sufficient for heating of side 20'.

[0214] This preassembled component is then placed between the two glazings and, after lamination, faces 20 and 20' are in adhesive contact with faces F2 and F3 (which may be exposed or covered with a layer) and the free faces of the plastic strips 5, 5' are likewise in adhesive contact with faces F2 and F3 (which may be exposed or covered with a layer) as desired after lamination. The invention disclosed herein includes the following aspects: [1] A method for producing a glazing, in particular a vehicle glazing (100-900'), having an electrically controllable device, comprising: The glazing comprises a laminated glazing comprising: - a first transparent glazing (1) having first and second main faces, called faces F1 and F2 (11, 12), respectively; - a second transparent glazing (1') having third and fourth main faces, called face F3 and face F4 (13, 14) respectively; - a laminated interlayer (2, 2a, 2b) made of a thermoplastic polymer material; wherein preferably a majority of said face F2 and a majority of said face F3 are in adhesive contact with said laminate intermediate layer, Preferably, the first and second glazings are made of mineral glass; and The laminated glazing comprises between the faces F2 and F3: - an electrically controllable device (4, 4', 4") comprising a support (3) of width W2, preferably at most 1 m, and a thickness e2, in particular of a size less than a millimeter, said support having a front face (30), a rear face (30') and an end face (34) and having a thickness e2, said front face comprising an electrically controllable system in an area called functional area (31), the thickness e2' of this system being preferably of a size less than a millimeter, and said front face optionally comprising a power supply area (32, 33) adjacent to said functional area, said electrically controllable device having an area smaller than said laminate interlayer, said electrically controllable device having a front face on the side of the electrically controllable system; and The glazing comprises: - a polymeric bonding element (5) on said back surface (30') with a thickness e3 of at most 0.3 mm, said polymeric bonding element being in adhesive contact with said back surface and with one of said surfaces F2 or F3, called contact surface, which may be exposed or covered with a layer (71), said bonding element having an area smaller than that of said laminate interlayer; and / or - on said front side, on the front surface, another polymeric bonding element (5') of thickness e'3 at most 0.3 mm, which is in adhesive contact with said electrically controllable device and with one of said faces F2 or F3, called joint surface, in particular facing said contact surface in the case of two strips, which joint surface may be exposed or covered with a layer, said another bonding element having an area smaller than that of said laminate interlayer; The method comprises the steps of: - providing a preassembled component comprising, prior to lamination, said electrically controllable device, said bonding element and / or said further bonding element and optionally at least one sheet of said lamination intermediate layer (2), called assembly sheet, Where: said joining element comprises a plastic, preferably thermoplastic, strip having a main surface, called joining surface FL, facing the rear surface of said support, and said plastic strip has a free main surface F' opposite said joining surface FL; - said bonding surface FL is in adhesive contact with or bonded to said back surface; and / or - said joining surface FL projects beyond an end face of said support on at least one side and defines a projecting area ZD facing one area ZA of the main surface of said assembly sheet, said projecting area ZD being in adhesive contact with or bonded to said area ZA; and / or said further joining element comprises a plastic, preferably thermoplastic, strip having a main surface, referred to as the further joining surface F'L, facing the front face of said device, said plastic strip having a free main surface F" opposite said further joining surface F'L; - said further bonding surface F'L is in adhesive contact or bonded to said electrically controllable device; and / or - said further bonding surface F'L projects beyond an end face of said electrically controllable device on at least one side and defines a further projecting area Z'D facing a further area Z'A of one of the main faces of said assembly sheet, said further projecting area Z'D being in adhesive contact with or bonded to said area Z'A; - placing the pre-assembled component between the first and second glazings; and - laminating the pre-assembled components, including placing under vacuum or placing under pressure and heating, wherein the lamination process results in adhesive contact of the free faces FL, in particular to the contact surfaces, which are exposed or covered, and / or in adhesive contact of the free faces F'L, in particular to the joining surfaces, which are exposed or covered. [2] A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device as described in [1] above, wherein the plastic strip is transparent and / or the further plastic strip is transparent, the support is transparent, and the pre-assembled component between the first and / or second glazing is positioned in a transparent area of ​​the first and / or second glazing, and the transparent strip covers the back surface at least opposite the functional area and / or the further transparent strip covers at least the functional area. [3] A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device according to [1] or [2] above, comprising forming the pre-assembled component by at least one of the following configurations: (a) assembling said coupling element with said support, wherein said coupling surface FL is adhesively contacted or joined to said back surface, and wherein the entire surface or a number of points of said coupling surface FL is adhesively contacted to points of said back surface (30') by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts, or wherein the entire surface or a number of points of said coupling surface FL is adhesively contacted to points of said back surface (30') by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts; and / or (a') assembling said further coupling element, wherein said further coupling surface F'L is adhesively contacted or bonded to said electrically controllable device (and / or its front face) by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts over the entire surface or at a number of points on said surface, or by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive areas over the entire surface or at a number of points on said surface, F'L; and / or (b) assembling said bonding element together with said laminate interlayer, wherein a plurality of points on the surface of said projecting region ZD or the entire surface is adhesively contacted to said region ZA by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts, or said bonding surface is joined by an arrangement of point adhesive regions, or said bonding surface is joined entirely to said region ZA; and / or (b') assembling the other bonding element together with the laminated intermediate layer, wherein a plurality of points on the surface of the other protruding region Z'D or the entire surface of the other protruding region Z'D is adhesively contacted to the region Z'A by an arrangement of spaced point adhesive contacts, or the other bonding surface is joined by an arrangement of point adhesive regions or the other bonding surface is joined entirely to the region Z'A. [4] A method for producing a glazing having an electrically controllable device as described in [3] above, wherein the adhesive contact is achieved by softening the plastic strip (5) and / or the further plastic strip (5'). [5] Method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to [4] above, in which the adhesive contact is a point contact and in which the adhesive contact is achieved by localized heating (7) and optionally by pressure, in particular by induction heating, by hot air or by radiation (laser). [6] A method for producing a glazing having an electrically controllable device according to [5] above, in which during the operation of pre-assembly together with the joining element or with another joining element, the electrically controllable device is on a first sheet of the lamination interlayer and a second sheet of the lamination interlayer, in particular the assembly sheet, is on the first sheet, and the localized heating (7) results in the first sheet being brought into point contact with the second sheet. [7] A method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to [5] or [6] above, wherein during the operation of pre-assembly together with the connecting element (5), the front side of the electrically controllable device is on a first sheet of the lamination interlayer (2, 2a), in particular on the assembly sheet, and the localized heating (7) results in the front side of the electrically controllable device being brought into point contact with the first sheet of the lamination interlayer. [8] The plastic strip (5) and the lamination intermediate layer (2) are arranged with a gap between them before lamination, and after lamination, the plastic strip and the lamination intermediate layer are in continuous contact with each other without a gap between the back surface and the contact surface; and / or said another plastic strip (5') and said lamination intermediate layer (2) are spaced apart before lamination, and after lamination, said another plastic strip and said lamination intermediate layer are in continuous contact with each other without a space between the front surface of the device and the joining surface; A method for producing a glazing having an electrically controllable device according to any one of the above [1] to [7]. [9] A method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to any one of the above [1] to [8], wherein the plastic strip (5) is a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular free of plasticizer, and the laminating interlayer is preferably based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing in particular more than 15% by weight of plasticizer, and / or the further plastic strip (5') is a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular free of plasticizer, and the laminating interlayer (2) is preferably based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing in particular more than 15% by weight of plasticizer.

[10] A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device described in any one of [1] to [9] above, wherein, prior to lamination, the plastic strip (5) protrudes from an end face of one of the first and second glazings and is folded back on the face F4 or F1, or the other plastic strip (5') protrudes from an end face of one of the first and second glazings and is folded back on the face F4 or F1.

[11] A method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to any one of the above [1] to

[10] , wherein, prior to arranging the pre-assembled component comprising the further joining element (5'), the lamination interlayer comprises a sheet, called the back sheet, which is optionally the assembled sheet having a main surface F'x arranged against the back surface of the support, and which main surface F'x optionally comprises the area Z'A, and wherein the further plastic strip, called the front plastic strip, is arranged against the front surface and is on top of the electrically controllable device comprising a set of individual and thin components, preferably e'2<0.15 mm, and wherein after lamination the back sheet is in adhesive contact with the back surface (30'), preferably the faces F2 and F3 are in contact with the further plastic strip.

[12] A method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to any one of the above [1] to

[10] , wherein, prior to arranging the pre-assembled components comprising the connecting element and optionally the further connecting element, the lamination interlayer (2) comprises a sheet, referred to as the front sheet, which front sheet is optionally the assembled sheet having a main surface Fx(20') arranged against a front surface of the electrically controllable device, in particular against the front surface of the support (30), and which main surface Fx(20') optionally comprises the area ZA, and wherein, after lamination, the front sheet is in adhesive contact with the front surface of the electrically controllable device, in particular with the front surface of the support.

[13] A method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to the above

[12] , in which the main surface Fx of the front sheet (20) comprises at least one blind hole or through-hole (21) having a width W1 at most 20 mm, the blind hole or through-hole accommodating the electrically controllable system, called a discrete system, in particular an (opto)electronic component, such as a photodiode or an inorganic diode, having a width W'2 at most 20 mm, and in which for e'2>0.15 mm, e2<0.15 mm and e3<0.15 mm the front sheet is in adhesive contact with the front surface of the support, the hole is optionally a through-hole and the optional further plastic strip between the bonding surface and the front sheet covers each component in the through-hole.

[14] Prior to placing the pre-assembled component including the joining element and / or the further joining element, the lamination interlayer includes an apertured sheet including an opening (25) for accommodating all or part of the electrically controllable system and the support, the apertured sheet having a main surface Fx that is free and optionally including the area ZA or F'x and optionally including the area Z'A, the surface Fx of the plastic strip and the free surface F L The plastic strip (5) faces the opening (25) and / or the surface F'x and the free surface F' of the other plastic strip have a height difference H1 of at most 0.3 mm. L The method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device described in any one of the above [1] to

[11] , wherein the another plastic strip faces the opening (25) while the height difference H'1 between the another plastic strip and the opening (25) is at most 0.3 mm.

[15] A method for producing a glazing having an electrically controllable device according to

[14] above, comprising the steps of: Before stacking the pre-assembled components including the joining elements, the electrically controllable devices protrude from the apertured sheet, and the electrically controllable devices (4) and the main surface Fx are separated by a non-zero height H2, which is greater than e2 and has a maximum of 0.3 mm; the method comprises arranging an additional plastic strip (5a) of thickness Ex at most 0.15 mm and less than or equal to H2 forming a frame on the end face of the electrically controllable device, the additional plastic strip facing the area of ​​the apertured sheet, the additional plastic strip having a main surface F″ facing a joining surface FC, the additional plastic strip optionally comprising a single strip or a multi-stepped plastic strip, such that Ex is the total thickness of the plastic strip, and the lamination step brings the other free surface of the additional plastic strip (5a) into adhesive contact with the contact surface (12), method.

[16] Glazing having an electrically controllable device, in particular obtained by the method according to any one of [1] to

[15] above, The glazing comprises a laminated glazing comprising: - a first transparent glazing (1) having first and second main faces, called faces F1 and F2 (11, 12), respectively; - a second transparent glazing (1') having third and fourth main faces, called face F3 and face F4 (13, 14) respectively; - a laminated interlayer (2) made of a thermoplastic polymer material; wherein preferably a majority of said face F2 and a majority of said face F3 are in adhesive contact with said laminate intermediate layer, Preferably, the first and second glazings are made of mineral glass; and The laminated glazing comprises between the faces F2 and F3: - an electrically controllable device (4) comprising a support (3) of a width W2 of at most 1 m and a thickness e2 of, in particular, a size less than a millimeter, said support having a front face (30), a rear face (30') and an end face (34), said front face comprising an electrically controllable system (4) in an area called functional area (31), the thickness e2' of which is preferably of a size less than a millimeter, and said front face optionally comprising power supply areas (32, 33) adjacent said functional area, said electrically controllable device having an area smaller than said laminate interlayer; - a polymeric bonding element (5) on said rear surface (30') which is a plastic strip having a thickness e3 of at most 0.3 mm, said polymeric bonding element being in adhesive contact with said rear surface and with one of said surfaces F2 or F3, called the contact surface, said bonding element having an area smaller than said lamination interlayer, so that said device is in the area of ​​said glazing; and / or - on said front surface (30), another polymeric bonding element (5'), which is another plastic strip having a thickness e'3 of at most 0.3 mm, wherein said another polymeric bonding element is in adhesive contact with said front surface and with one of said faces F2 or F3, called the joining surface, said another bonding element having an area smaller than said laminate interlayer.

[17] Glazing with an electrically controllable device according to above item

[16] , in particular for vehicles, wherein the plastic strip (5) is a thermoplastic material based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, further preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular plasticizer-free, and the laminating interlayer (2) is based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing in particular more than 15% by weight of plasticizer, and / or the further plastic strip (5') is a thermoplastic material based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, further preferably less than 5% by weight of plasticizer, in particular plasticizer-free, and the laminating interlayer (2) is based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing in particular more than 15% by weight of plasticizer.

[18] The contact surface (12) may be exposed or covered with a layer, the thickness of which is preferably at most 50 μm or less in size than a micrometer, said layer being selected in particular from a masking layer (71), a transparent layer, a conductive layer, a heating layer, a low-emissivity layer, with which the adhesive contact is made for solar control, and / or the joining surface (13) may be exposed or covered with a layer, the thickness of which is preferably at most 50 μm or less in size than a micrometer, said layer being selected in particular from a masking layer, a transparent layer, a conductive layer, a heating layer, a low emissivity layer, with which adhesive contact is made for solar control, 10. A glazing, in particular for a vehicle, comprising an electrically controllable device according to

[16] or

[17] above.

[19] Glazing with an electrically controllable device, in particular for vehicles, according to any one of the above

[16] to

[18] , wherein the plastic strip (5) projects from the back surface and is in adhesive contact with the laminating intermediate layer (2) on at least one side, and even on two sides, and / or the further plastic strip (5') projects from the front surface and is in adhesive contact with the laminating intermediate layer.

[20] The electrically controllable system is selected from the following: - Capacitive or inductive controlled switches, antennas; - one or more (opto)electronic components, in particular discrete components, in particular sensors, cameras, photodiodes or inorganic light-emitting diodes (4); and A glazing, in particular for a vehicle, comprising an electrically controllable device according to any one of the above items

[16] to

[19] , characterized in that: (l) the plastic strip and the laminating interlayer are in adhesive contact with the front surface of the support, and the optional further plastic strip is between the laminating interlayer and the faying surface and covers one or more openings; or (m) said another plastic strip is over said electrically controllable device without said plastic strip, and said laminate interlayer is in adhesive contact with said back surface.

[21] The system is on a surface and is selected from the following: - Surface light systems such as OLED organic light emitting systems, TFEL or quantum dot light emitting diodes, also known as QLEDs; - Digital signage systems; - a liquid crystal system, a light valve, or an electrochromic system, in particular a system in which the laminate interlayer contains the device; and A glazing, in particular for a vehicle, comprising an electrically controllable device according to any one of the above items

[16] to

[20] , characterized in that: (i) the plastic strip is on the electrically controllable device without the separate plastic strip, in particular the plastic strip protrudes and is in adhesive contact with the laminate interlayer; or (j) the separate plastic strip is on the electrically controllable device without the plastic strip; or (k) the plastic strip overlies the electrically controllable device;

[22] Glazing with electrically controllable devices according to any one of the above items

[16] to

[21] , in particular for vehicles, wherein the lamination interlayer (2) is made of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), in particular of PVB with holes or slots containing electrically controllable devices, which lamination interlayer is optionally: - acoustic and / or wedge-shaped laminate interlayers, especially for vehicle windshields or roofs; - a laminated interlayer, optionally with metal wires; or - a lamination interlayer forming a PVB / functional plastic film composite element or a first PVB / functional plastic film / second PVB composite element, preferably a transparent functional plastic film such as polyester or PET with a functional layer which is in particular electrically conductive, in particular a PVB with blind holes or slots in said first PVB.

[23] A vehicle comprising at least one glazing having an electrically controllable device according to any one of

[16] to

[22] above, in particular for a windshield, a roof, a side window or a rear window. 。

Claims

1. 1. A method for producing a glazing having an electrically controllable device, comprising the steps of: The glazing comprises a laminated glazing comprising: a first transparent glazing (1) having first and second main faces, called faces F1 and F2 (11, 12), respectively; a second transparent glazing (1') having third and fourth main faces called face F3 and face F4 respectively (13, 14); - a laminated interlayer (2, 2a, 2b) made of a thermoplastic polymer material, wherein the laminated glazing comprises between the faces F2 and F3: an electrically controllable device comprising a support (3) of width W2 and thickness e2, said support having a front face (30), a rear face (30') and an end face (34) and having a thickness e2, said front face comprising an electrically controllable system (4, 4', 4") in an area called functional area (31), said system having a thickness e2', said electrically controllable device having an area smaller than said laminate interlayer, said electrically controllable device having a front face on the side of said electrically controllable system; and - a polymeric bonding element (5) on said back surface (30') with a thickness e3 of at most 0.3 mm, said polymeric bonding element being in adhesive contact with said back surface and with one of said surfaces F2 or F3, called contact surface, which may be exposed or covered with a layer (71), said bonding element having an area smaller than that of said laminate interlayer; and / or - on said front side, on the front surface, another polymer bonding element (5') of a thickness e'3 of at most 0.3 mm, which is in adhesive contact with the front surface of the electrically controllable device and with one of said surfaces F2 or F3, called bonding surface, which bonding surface may be exposed or covered with a layer, said another bonding element having an area smaller than that of said lamination interlayer; The method comprises the steps of: - providing a pre-assembled component comprising, prior to lamination, said electrically controllable device and said bonding element and / or said further bonding element, and providing at least one sheet of said lamination intermediate layer (2), Where: said joining element comprises a plastic strip having a main surface, called joining surface FL, facing the rear surface of said support, and said plastic strip having a free main surface F' opposite said joining surface FL; said bonding surface FL is in adhesive contact with or bonded to said back surface; and / or - said preassembled component comprises at least one sheet of said laminated intermediate layer (2), called assembly sheet, said joining surface FL protruding beyond the edge of said support on at least one side and defining a projecting area ZD facing one area ZA of the main surface of said assembly sheet, said projecting area ZD being in adhesive contact with or bonded to said area ZA; and / or said further joining element comprises a further plastic strip having a main surface, referred to as the further joining surface F'L, facing the front surface of said device, and said further plastic strip having a free main surface F" opposite said further joining surface F'L; said further bonding surface F'L is in adhesive contact or bonded to the front surface of said electrically controllable device; and / or said preassembled component comprises at least one sheet of said laminated intermediate layer (2), called assembly sheet, said further bonding surface F'L protruding on at least one side beyond the edge of said electrically controllable device and defining a further projecting area Z'D facing a further area Z'A of one of the main surfaces of said assembly sheet, said further projecting area Z'D being in adhesive contact with or bonded to said area Z'A; - placing said preassembled component between said first and said second glazings, and further placing at least one sheet of said lamination interlayer (2) if said preassembled component does not comprise said at least one sheet of said lamination interlayer (2); and - Laminating the pre-assembled components, including placing them under vacuum or pressure and heating; wherein said laminating step results in adhesive contact of the free main surface F' of said plastic strip with said contact surface and / or adhesive contact of the free main surface F" of said further plastic strip with said joining surface, said adhesive contact being achieved by softening said plastic strip (5) and / or said further plastic strip (5'); A method for producing a glazing having an electrically controllable device.

2. A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device as described in claim 1, wherein the plastic strip is transparent and / or the further plastic strip is transparent, the support is transparent, and the pre-assembled components between the first and / or second glazing are positioned in transparent areas of the first and / or second glazing, and the transparent strip covers the back surface at least opposite the functional area and / or the further transparent strip covers at least the functional area.

3. A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising forming the pre-assembled component by at least one of the following configurations: (a) adhesively contacting or bonding the bonding surface FL to the back surface includes adhesively contacting the entire surface or a plurality of points of the bonding surface FL to points of the back surface (30') by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts, or bonding the entire surface or a plurality of points of the bonding surface FL to the back surface by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts; and / or (a') adhesively contacting or bonding the further bonding surface F'L to the front surface of the electrically controllable device comprises adhesively contacting the entire surface or a plurality of points of the surface of the further bonding surface F'L by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts or bonding the entire surface or a plurality of points of the surface of the further bonding surface F'L by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive areas; and / or (b) adhesively contacting or bonding the protruding region ZD to the region ZA means adhesively contacting a plurality of points on the surface of the protruding region ZD or the entire surface of the protruding region ZD to the region ZA by an arrangement of spaced apart point adhesive contacts, or bonding the bonding surface by an arrangement of point adhesive areas or bonding the entire bonding surface to the region ZA; and / or (b') adhesively contacting or joining the other projecting region Z'D to the region Z'A includes adhesively contacting a plurality of points on the surface of the other projecting region Z'D or the entire surface of the other projecting region Z'D to the region Z'A by an arrangement of spaced point adhesive contacts, or joining the other bonding surface to the region Z'A by an arrangement of point adhesive areas or joining the entire other bonding surface to the region Z'A.

4. A method for manufacturing glazing having an electrically controllable device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive contact in the step of providing pre-assembled components is a point contact and the adhesive contact is achieved by localized heating (7) or by localized heating (7) and pressure.

5. 5. A method for producing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to claim 4, in which the adhesive contact is achieved by inductive heating, by hot air or by radiation (laser).

6. 6. A method for manufacturing a glazing with an electrically controllable device as claimed in claim 5, wherein during the operation of pre-assembly together with the joining element or with another joining element, the electrically controllable device is on a first sheet of the lamination interlayer and a second sheet of the lamination interlayer is on the first sheet, and the localized heating (7) results in the first sheet being brought into point contact with the second sheet.

7. 7. A method for manufacturing a glazing with an electrically controllable device as claimed in claim 6, wherein during the operation of pre-assembly together with the joining element (5), the front face of the electrically controllable device is on a first sheet of the lamination interlayer (2, 2a) and the localized heating (7) results in the front face of the electrically controllable device being brought into point contact with the first sheet of the lamination interlayer.

8. 8. Method for manufacturing a glazing with an electrically controllable device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the plastic strip (5) is a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight of plasticizer and / or the further plastic strip (5') is a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight of plasticizer.

9. A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, in the positioning step, the plastic strip (5) protrudes from an end face of one of the first and second glazings and is folded back onto the face F4 or F1, or the other plastic strip (5') protrudes from an end face of one of the first and second glazings and is folded back onto the face F4 or F1.

10. A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein in the providing step, the pre-assembled component comprises the further bonding element (5'), the lamination interlayer comprises a sheet, referred to as the back sheet, having a main surface arranged against the back surface of the support, and the further plastic strip, referred to as the front plastic strip, is arranged against the front surface of the electrically controllable device, and wherein in the laminating step, the back sheet is in adhesive contact with the back surface (30').

11. A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein in the providing step, the pre-assembled components include the joining element and the lamination intermediate layer (2) includes a sheet referred to as the front sheet, this front sheet having a main surface (20') positioned against a front surface of the electrically controllable device, and wherein in the laminating step, the front sheet is in adhesive contact with the front surface of the electrically controllable device.

12. 12. Method for manufacturing a glazing with an electrically controllable device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the main surface of the front sheet (20) comprises at least one blind hole or through hole (21) of width W1 at most 20 mm, said blind hole or through hole accommodating the electrically controllable system, called a discrete system, of width W'2 at most 20 mm, and wherein for e'2>0.15 mm, e2<0.15 mm and e3<0.15 mm the front sheet is in adhesive contact with the front surface of the support.

13. A method for manufacturing a glazing having an electrically controllable device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, in the providing step, the laminated interlayer comprises an apertured sheet including an aperture (25) accommodating the electrically controllable system and all or part of the support, the apertured sheet having a main surface Fx or F'x that is free, the plastic strip (5) facing the aperture (25) while the height difference H1 between the main surface Fx and the free main surface F' of the plastic strip is at most 0.3 mm, and / or the other plastic strip facing the aperture (25) while the height difference H'1 between the main surface F'x and the free main surface F" of the other plastic strip is at most 0.3 mm.

14. 14. A method for producing a glazing comprising an electrically controllable device according to claim 13, comprising the steps of: In the providing step, the pre-assembled component includes the joining element, the electrically controllable device protrudes from the aperture sheet, and the electrically controllable device and the main surface Fx are separated by a non-zero height H2 that is greater than e2 and is at most 0.3 mm; arranging an additional plastic strip (5a) of thickness Ex at most 0.15 mm and less than or equal to H2, forming a frame on the end face of the electrically controllable device, and this additional plastic strip faces the area of ​​the apertured sheet, and the additional plastic strip has a free face opposite to the face facing the apertured sheet, so that Ex is the total thickness of the plastic strip, and in the laminating step, the free face of the additional plastic strip (5a) is in adhesive contact with the contact face (12), method.

15. Glazing with an electrically controllable device, obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, The glazing comprises a laminated glazing comprising: a first transparent glazing (1) having first and second main faces, called faces F1 and F2 (11, 12), respectively; a second transparent glazing (1') having third and fourth main faces called face F3 and face F4 respectively (13, 14); - a laminated interlayer (2) made of a thermoplastic polymer material, wherein the laminated glazing comprises between the faces F2 and F3: an electrically controllable device comprising a support (3) of width W2 and thickness e2, said support having a front face (30), a rear face (30') and an end face (34), said front face comprising an electrically controllable system (4) in an area called functional area (31), said system having a thickness e2', said electrically controllable device having an area smaller than said laminate interlayer, said electrically controllable device having a front face on the side of said electrically controllable system; a polymeric bonding element (5) on said rear surface (30'), which is a plastic strip having a thickness e3 of at most 0.3 mm, said polymeric bonding element being in adhesive contact with said rear surface and with one of said surfaces F2 or F3, called contact surface, said bonding element having an area smaller than said lamination interlayer, so that said device is in the area of ​​said glazing; and / or - another polymeric bonding element (5') which is another plastic strip having a thickness e'3 of at most 0.3 mm on the front surface of the electrically controllable device, said another polymeric bonding element being in adhesive contact with said front surface and with one of said faces F2 or F3, called the joining surface, said another bonding element having an area smaller than that of the lamination interlayer.

16. 16. Glazing with an electrically controllable device according to claim 15, wherein the plastic strip (5) is a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight of plasticizer and the lamination interlayer (2) is based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) and / or the further plastic strip (5') is a thermoplastic based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight of plasticizer and the lamination interlayer (2) is based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB).

17. 17. Glazing with an electrically controllable device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the contact surface (12) may be exposed or covered with a layer and / or the joining surface (13) may be exposed or covered with a layer.

18. Glazing with an electrically controllable device according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the plastic strip (5) projects from the rear surface and is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer (2) on at least one side, and even on two sides, and / or the further plastic strip (5') projects from the front surface of the electrically controllable device and is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer.

19. The electrically controllable system is selected from the following: - capacitive or inductive controlled switches, antennas; - one or more (opto)electronic components; and Glazing comprising an electrically controllable device according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that: (l) said plastic strip and said laminate interlayer are in adhesive contact with said front surface of said support; or (m) said further plastic strip is in adhesive contact with a front surface of said electrically controllable device absent said plastic strip, and said laminate interlayer is in adhesive contact with said rear surface.

20. The electronically controllable device according to claim 1, wherein the electronically controllable device is selected from the following: - Surface light system; - Digital signage systems; - liquid crystal systems, light valves, or electrochromic systems; and Glazing comprising an electrically controllable device according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that: (i) the plastic strip is in adhesive contact with the back surface of the electrically controllable device that is free of the separate plastic strip; or (j) the separate plastic strip is in adhesive contact with a front surface of the electrically controllable device that is free of the plastic strip; or (k) the plastic strip is in adhesive contact with the back surface of the electrically controllable device;

21. Glazing with an electrically controllable device according to any one of claims 15 to 20, wherein the lamination interlayer (2) is made of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB).

22. Vehicle comprising at least one glazing having an electrically controllable device according to any one of claims 15 to 21.

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